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211华南理工大学2012年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷（请在答题纸上做答，试卷上做答无效，试后本卷必须与答题纸一同交回）科目名称：翻译硕士英语适用专业：英语笔译（专硕）本卷满分：100分共页Part I. Vocabulary and Grammar (30 points, 1 point for each)Directions: After each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Select the only one choice that best completes the statement. Write your answers on your answer sheet.1.Economics applies directly to how we earn our income and ________.A. how to spend our moneyB. how we spend our moneyC. the way we spend our moneyD. the way our money is spent2.The product must be priced ________ it competes effectively with rival products in thesame market.A. as suchB. in such a wayC. so thatD. so3.I ________ be late for that important meeting than leave this injured old woman here.A. had betterB. would ratherC. may as wellD. should just4.________ he ________ that it was to be the president’s last press conference, he wouldhave filmed the occasion.A. Should…knowB. If…knowsC. Had…knownD. Were…known5.It wasn’t until he turned the corner that he realized that he ________ tailed.A. wasB. beingC. would beD. was being6.As a senior professor she should have known better _______ to get involved in such ascandal.A. and notB. but notC. thanD. than not7.The health department inspector recommended that all outdoor food stores at the gateof the school ________.A. closed downB. close downC. be closed downD. would be closed down8.The application was blank except for ________ Michael had filled in his name.A. whereB. whatC. howD. which9.Cultural values may be defined as assumptions shared by the members of a society________ is right or wrong.A. as to whatB. about whateverC. on whatD. concerning things that10.Some scientists think that trial-and-error methods help to show how intelligent________.A. is an animalB. an animal isC. will an animal beD. an animal will be11.We can’t _______ examinations altogether unless we can come up with a better way toevaluate the students.A. do awayB. do away ofC. do away withD. do away from12.The sudden bankruptcy of these financial giants threw the investors ________ andcaused them to ________.A. in a panic, stampedeB. in pain, panicC. in confusion, hold their stocksD. in despair, withdraw gradually13.He did everything possible to whip up some support for his decision to________ moremoney to his favorite project.A. allowB. spendC. divideD. allot14.At that time he kept telling us that final victory was just ________. His optimism savedus from despair.A. at the cornerB. around the cornerC. on the cornerD. in the corner15.If he should fail to ________ the project to a successful close in time, he would beseverely reprimanded.A. bringB. takeC. carryD. put16.After he ________ power, he was no longer satisfied to be a president. He wanted tobe a king.A. grippedB. grabbedC. seizedD. grasped17.His sudden blindness ________ him ________ the joy of seeing the beautiful world.A. robbed; ofB. deprived; withC. robbed; offD. denied; of18.This terrible event ________ of the president, and he ________ all his appointments.A. drew hold of; called offB. occupied all the attention;dismissedC. demanded all the attention; laid asideD. took complete hold; cancelled19.Starting around 7000 B.C., and for the next four thousand years, much of the NorthernHemisphere ____ temperatures warmer than at present.A. with experience ofB. experiencedC. experiencingD. experience20.The meeting took on a different ____after his moving speech.A. presageB. postureC. travestyD. trauma21.After ________ deliberation, the foreman announced that the jury had reached averdict.A. 10-minutes ofB. 10 minutes ofC. 10 minute’sD. 10-minute22.________ is always the case, the darkest hour comes before the dawn.A. ThatB. ItC. AsD. What23.We have a long way to go ________ we can invent truly intelligent machines.A. beforeB. ifC. thatD. when24.Chocolate comes from cocoa beans, ________ the seeds of the cacao tree.A. that isB. that areC. which isD. which are25.I know she didn’t pass the qualifying exam, but really she’s ________ but stupid.A. anyB. nothingC. anythingD. something26.Even though we may not notice them, computers are all around us and affect manyparts of our ________ life.A. every dayB. everydayC. every day’sD. everyday’s27.Because we are by nature social animals, we need other people ________ we needfood, water and shelter.A. such asB. just asC. as suchD. as if28.If inflation continues to rise at the present rate, ten percent of the population ________hard to make ends meet.A. would findB. found itC. findsD. will find it29.She spoke for the ________ that they three had all lost the ________ to work duringthe spring break and they needed a good long rest.A. team; desireB. group; interestC. company; inclinationD. gang; intention30.Only hotel guests have the ________ of using the private beach.A. occasionB. possibilityC. privilegeD. allowancePart II. Reading Comprehension (40 points)Section 1 Multiple choice questions (16points, 2 points for each)Directions: In this section there are 2 reading passages followed by multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then write your answers on your answer sheet. Passage 1“Can we speak of the death of the university?” an English newspaper recently asked. Another offered the diagnosis: “Still breathing”. Not only at this seminar, here and now, but all over the world the future of the universities is now being discussed. This is not only because we are entering a new century. Many people are asking whether the traditional research universities in fact have any future at all. This doubt seems mainly due to the development of the new technology, the massification of the universities, the idea of life-long learning, the growing competition from other learning institutions ⎯ and may also because of the strong specialization that we are now experiencing in most fields of research. Many experts predict the death of universities as we know them today, with a campus.I am an optimist, and I have become even more of an optimist having listened to the speakers today. I believe in the magic of the campus! I believe that the universities will be able to enjoy a very bright future as intellectual power centers in a world in which society is calling out increasingly loudly for more knowledge.But if we are to continue to live as intellectual power centers, the universities cannot sit passively letting development take their course. We must know what sort of university we want in the future. Many battles have been lost because of the lack of any goal. We must also have a strategy and a policy for how we are to achieve our vision. This means that the university must actively relate to the great challenges we are now being faced with, and we must develop our ability and will for renewal. Yet we must do this at the same time as we stand by the fundamental values that make us a university: that is our independence.I see it as one of the most important tasks for a university president to work for the greatest possible spirit of community in the university, and for the university to be an integrated institution and not simply a number of facilities or departments linked together in some kind of formal organization or strategic alliance. Only then can we defend the use of the name “university”.31. According to the first paragraph, the traditional research universities ________.A. have a very bright future before themB. are faced with a very difficult situationC. are becoming a hot topic of all kinds of peopleD. are about to disappear from people’s vision32. In the author’s opinion, people are worried about the future of the universities becauseof the following reasons EXCEPT ________.A. there is strong competition from other educational institutionsB. universities cannot obtain enough financial backupC. a lot of research fields are thought to be too much specializedD. many universities have been established33. The author is optimistic about the future of universities because ________.A. he has listened to many speakersB. he thinks that universities are powerfulC. universities can satisfy the growing need of society for more knowledgeD. he thinks universities can work magic by themselves34. We can infer from the passage that it is a ________.A. report intended for government officialsB. research paper concerning educational policiesC. speech delivered at a meetingD. lecture by a professor to his students35. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. The faculties and departments in the universities should maintain their ownindependence.B. Universities must take the initiative to develop themselves.C. In order to survive, universities must meet the challenges and solve the difficulties infront of them.D. Lack of proper plans may lead to the failure of many projects.Passage 2Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which products and services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers. The price system of the United States is a very complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad of services, including labor, professional transportation, and public-utility services. The interrelationships of all these prices make up the "system" of prices. The price of any particular product of service is linked to a broad, complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else. If one were to ask a group of randomly selected individuals to define "price", many would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a product or service or, in other words, that price is the money value of a product or service as agreed upon in a market transaction. This definition is, of course, valid as far as it goes. For a complete understanding of a price in any particulartransaction, much more than the amount of money involved must be known. Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount, but with the amount and quality of the product or service to be exchanged, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used, the credit terms and discounts that supply to the transaction, guarantees on the product or service, delivery terms return privileges, and other factors. In other words, both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that comprise the total "package" being exchanged for the asked—— for amount of money in order that they may evaluate a given price.36. According to the passage, the price system is related primarily to _______.A. labor and educationB. transportation and insuranceC. utilities and repairsD. products and services37. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a factor in completeunderstanding of price?A. Instructions that come with a product.B. The quantity of a product.C. The quality of a product.D. Warranties that cover a product.38. The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses _______.A. unusual ways to advertise productsB. types of payment plans for serviceC. theories about how products affect different levels of societyD. how certain elements of price "package" influence its market valueSection 2 Answering questions (24 points, 2 points for each)Directions: Read the following passage and then answer IN COMPLETE SENTENCES the questions following it. Use the only information from the passage you have read and write your answers in the corresponding space on your ANSWER SHEET.Passage 3[1]Put a jaguar, a bear, a tiger and a panda together and you might get a good show but you won’t get a quiet life.[2]The Bric grouping---Brazil, Russia, India and China---has become a shorthand for the rise of emerging markets in the global economy. And after a rather stellar decade, the Brics mainly had a good crisis from which they are now rapidly exiting.[3]Goldman Sachs, the financial group that invented the category, reckons that China may well become the world’s largest economy before 2030. Collectively, the Bric economies could well surpass output in the Group of Seven wealthy nations---which have dominated the management of the global economy---by 2032.[4]The brics already have a bigger share of world trade than the US. China, probably the world’s biggest goods exporter last year, has been supplemented by India’s software and back-office exports, Russia’s oil and gas and the domination of a number of agricultural commodity markets by Brazil’s super-competitive farmers.[5]While equities in G7 countries were struggling to stay in positive territory during the past five or so years, the Bric share prices, albeit with a steep drop and rapid recovery during the global financial crisis, finished the decade more than twice as high as in 2005. Bric equity indices have emerged; Bric funds have sprung up for investors to pile into the sector.[6]So as the world emerges from recession, is this a transformational moment when the center of gravity in the global economy and its governance decisively shifts? Is this a pivot point such as the second world war, where the confident, innovative US muscled aside the weakened, debt-laden economies of Europe and remade the global financial architecture? And, most immediately, are Bric consumers up to the task of rebalancing the world economy by supplanting their acquisitive American counterparts?[7]The most likely answer is: not yet. Not only are the Brics such a disparate group that almost any generalization is problematic, but China, the dominant member of the quartet, still seems wedded to an economic model dependent on demand elsewhere.[8] “The so-called emerging economies, even some like Bangladesh, are undoubtedly players on the global stage,” said Jean-Pierre Lehmann, professor of political economy at the IMD management school in Lausanne, Switzerland. “But I don’t see any great cataclysm in the next 10 years, nor the center of finance definitely moving east.”[9]Like a boy band or a street gang, the Brics might almost have been chosen for their disparate abilities rather than their similarities. China’s size and openness to trade give it as much economic clout as the rest put together: Markus Jager, of Deutsche Bank, calls the hypercompetitive manufacturing exporter “the 800lb panda in the room” . India, similar in population but poorer and economically more insular, is chiefly notable to investors and trading patterns for its software and business services. Brazil, despite a sprinkling of manufactures, remains one of the world’s most efficient agro-exporters; Russia, after feebler attempts to diversify, essentially just sells oil and gas.[10]The story of their rapid progress is familiar but still dramatic. A decade ago, only one had an investment-grade credit ratting; now all do. Only 12 years ago, a Russian debt default and Brazilian currency crisis rocked the world economy; today, they have accumulated vast foreign exchange reserves.[11]The Brics contributed about half of global growth between 2000---2008 sharply higher than in the previous decade. Yet along with this growth has come an unbalancing of the global economy.[12]A Chinese growth model based on heavy investment and exports has accompanied vast current-account surplus across east Asia, matched by a current-account deficit in the US. And despite doings its bit to keep economic growth going during the crisis, it is far from clear that the Middle Kingdom has effected a shift towards consumer demand that a true engine of world growth would achieve.[13]With a great flourish, Beijing announced a $585bn stimulus package in November2008 and loosened bank credit. But its ability to create self-sustaining growth was suspect. Rather than handing out cash to consumers to get them spending---a move that might also have encouraged imports---a large chunk of the stimulus went into the old favorite, fixed investment. “If global demand does not recover in time or the stimulus measures fail to stir the animal spirits, China may end up creating overcapacity,” said Jagar.[14]Razeen Sally, a trade expert at the London School of Economics, said: “The Chinese interventions had the effect of reinforcing existing problems and imbalances. We are going to see a lot of excess capacity in export-oriented industries like steel at exactly the wrong time.”[15]The repegging of the renminbi against the dollar in 2008, after three years when it was allowed to crawl higher, has also done nothing to shift the Chinese economy from exports to consumer demand. The effect of that decision is multiplied by the copycat actions of many emerging-market countries holding their own currencies down lest they lose competitiveness to China.[16]Indeed, although the worldwide reduction in consumer demand had cut the absolute level of China’s current-account surplus during the crisis, with fewer ships carrying toys and iPods out of Shenzhen and Shanghai, China continued to gain market share abroad. The International Monetary Fund and others reckon that the apparent rebalancing of the global economy over the past year is temporary. When demand picks up, so will Chinese exports, along with the old surpluses and deficits.[17]Despite pockets of profligacy, if anything, China’s has become less rather than more of a consumer economy in the past decade. Its overall savings rate grew over the decade. Although much of this rise reflected corporate savings, household savings rose, too, and a greater share of national income went to companies rather than consumers in the first place.[18]A survey last year by the McKinsey Global Institute backed up what many economists have long argued: that the lack of a social safety net is one of the main reasons that Chinese households save. The top three reasons given were: educational needs, security in case of illness and caring for parents. Changing deep-seated structural factors such as this will not be quick. Nor will it be achieved simply by letting the renminbi rise.[19]As for the other Brics, whose trend growth rate is slower than China’s, they are unlikely to have a noticeable effect on global demand for some time. Although growth in Brazil and India held up well during the crisis, the former is a relatively mature economy with less scope for rapid growth; the latter an underperformer with a chronic public finance problem and a household savings rate even higher than China’s. Meanwhile, Russia, whose economy contracted sharply during the global recession, still depends on oil prices.[20]A decade of rapid growth is not enough for the Brics to seize the baton of global economic leadership from the US and western Europe. The grouping, or some of them, may have astonished the world with their progress over the past 10 years. But it will require a qualitative improvement as well as more growth to consolidate that shift of power.39. Find in paragraph[7] and any other paragraph two synonyms of “Brazil, Russia, India and China” as a group.40. What are the main reasons to group Brazil, Russia, India and China as a new economic category?41. Find a metonymy in paragraph[15] and a metaphor in paragraph[12].42. What is the particular reason for Chinese households to save money ?43. Why the consumer economy remained weak in China?44. In paragraph[5], what does “equity” mean?45. In paragraph[7], what is the inside meaning of “…that any generalization isproblematic” ?46. Paraphrase “China’s size and openness to trade give it as much economic clout as the rest put together”. (Paragraph [9])47. List two reasons for the statement “A decade of rapid growth is not enough for the Brics to seize the baton of global economic leadership from the US and western Europe”.48. Use one short sentence to summarize paragraph [6].49. What is strong with Brazil as one of the Brics?50. According to the article, do you see any great cataclysm in the next 10 years in terms of the center of finance?Part III. Writing (30 points)51. First read the following Chinese report, and then write an essay of about 400 words in English. You are supposed to have a title for your writing. Write your essay on your ANSWER SHEET.2011年10月13日下午5时30分许，一出惨剧发生在佛山南海黄岐广佛五金城：年仅两岁的女童小悦悦（本名王悦）走在巷子里，被一辆面包车两次碾压，几分钟后又被一小型货柜车碾过。
357
华南理工大学
2016年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷
（试卷上做答无效，请在答题纸上做答，试后本卷必须与答题纸一同交回）
科目名称：英语翻译基础
适用专业：英语笔译(专硕)
357
华南理工大学
2017年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷
（试卷上做答无效，请在答题纸上做答，试后本卷必须与答题纸一同交回）
科目名称：英语翻译基础
适用专业：英语笔译（专硕）
357
华南理工大学
2018年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷
（试卷上做答无效，请在答题纸上做答，试后本卷必须与答题纸一同交回）
科目名称：英语翻译基础
适用专业：英语笔译(专硕)。
华南理工大学翻译硕士英语学位MTI考试真题2012年(总分150, 做题时间90分钟)Ⅰ.Directions: Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test, 15 in English and 15 in Chinese, with one point for each. If the original is in English, its target language is Chinese. If the original is in Chinese, its target language is English.1.WHOSSS_TEXT_QUSTI2.MOUSSS_TEXT_QUSTI3.CPISSS_TEXT_QUSTI4.isotopeSSS_TEXT_QUSTI5.ZeitgeistSSS_TEXT_QUSTI6.OrientalismSSS_TEXT_QUSTI7.referendumSSS_TEXT_QUSTI8.EurozoneSSS_TEXT_QUSTI9.loan defaulterSSS_TEXT_QUSTI10.nuclear deterrentSSS_TEXT_QUSTI11.public prosecutorSSS_TEXT_QUSTI12.social contractSSS_TEXT_QUSTI13.Skopos TheorySSS_TEXT_QUSTI14.in a nutshellSSS_TEXT_QUSTI15.pull one"s legSSS_TEXT_QUSTI16.《诗经》SSS_TEXT_QUSTI17.认知心理学SSS_TEXT_QUSTI18.反垄断法SSS_TEXT_QUSTI19.科学发展观SSS_TEXT_QUSTI20.裙带关系SSS_TEXT_QUSTI21.外向型经济SSS_TEXT_QUSTI22.自主创新SSS_TEXT_QUSTI23.综合国力SSS_TEXT_QUSTI24.科教兴国战略SSS_TEXT_QUSTI25.扩大内需SSS_TEXT_QUSTI26.自负盈亏SSS_TEXT_QUSTI27.转基因食品SSS_TEXT_QUSTI28.法人SSS_TEXT_QUSTI29.次贷危机SSS_TEXT_QUSTI30.经济制裁SSS_TEXT_QUSTIⅡ.Directions: Translate the following two source texts into Chinese. Source Text 1:1.In a field of that distant, half-neglected farm, I found an avenue of great elms leading to nothing. But I could see where the wheat-bearing earth had been levelled into a terrace; and in **er there were broken, overgrown, gateposts, almost hid among great straggling trees. This, then, was the place I **e to see. Here had stood the great house or palace, with its terraces, and gardens, and artificial waters; this field had once been the favourite resort of Eighteenth-century Fashion; the Duchess and Beauties had driven hither in their gilt coaches. And although the house had long since vanished, and the plough had gone over its pleasant places, yet for a moment I seemed to see this **pany under the green of that great avenue and hear the gossip of their voices as they passed on into the shadows.SSS_TEXT_QUSTISource Text 2:1.Rapid transportation, modem architectural forms, methods of building up cities, and the architecture of cyberspaces all reflect theability of our mind to cope with the spatial fractures that are produced by these things. If we are lucky enough to have the kind of mind that can make sense of a world filled with the heavy distortions of space and time that have been wrought by modern technology, then why fight it? After all, such technology has its advantages.We can"t go back to being wild savages loping across the plains of the savannah. Instead, we need to find the way ahead. But in finding this way, we need to first make sure we understand where we **e from,why so many of us value our natural heritage, and what we stand to gain from its preservation. Leaving aside the apocalyptic visions of seas boiling dry from global warming or untold millions of human beings dying slowly from the cumulative effects of toxins in our water, soil, and air, there is a much simpler rationale for our wanting to find ways to heal the spatial rifts that lie between us and the rest of the natural world: contact with nature is good for our minds.SSS_TEXT_QUSTIⅢ.Directions: Translate the following source text into English.1.学院请来一位洋教师。
2015年华南理工大学研究生入学考试《英语翻译基础》真题(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：100.00)1.英译汉_________________________________________________________________________________ _________2.It's been a nail-biting couple of weeks waiting for my results._________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________ 正确答案：(等结果的这几个星期，我坐卧不安。
)3.Dear me, those girls were even as nervous as brick._________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________ 正确答案：(我的天哪，那些姑娘们居然一点儿也不紧张。
2016年华南理工大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. V ocabulary 2. Reading Comprehension 3. WritingV ocabulary1．If you keep on trying something, the day will come when you can do it well and with great______.A．careB．easeC．tempoD．dignity正确答案：B解析：本题考查名词辨析。
you can do it well意为“你会做好它”，with great______ 与此并列，意义上应该与此接近。
with great care意为“小心翼翼地”。
with great ease意为“轻而易举地”，符合题意，故答案为[B]项。
with great tempo 意为“以极大的速度”；with great dignity意为“威风凛凛”。
如果填入care，tempo 或dignity，与you can do it well的语义不符，故均排除。
2．She______to find new stories about her homeland, making sure her American-born daughter did not grow up ignorant of Chinese culture.A．dropped outB．went out of her wayC．gave wayD．got down正确答案：B解析：本题考查动词短语辨析。
drop out意为“离开，退出”。
go out of one’s way意为“不怕麻烦；特地”。
give way意为“撤退；让路；退让；垮掉”。
get down 意为“沮丧；落下；吞下；写下”。
本句意为：为了保证她在美国出生的女儿长大后不会对中国文化很生疏，她______找寻有关祖国的新鲜事。
华南理工大学翻译硕士英语学位MTI考试真题2014年(总分：150.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Ⅰ.(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.accessible elevator（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：accessible elevator无障碍电梯2.Empty talk is harmful to the nation, while doing practical work will make it thrive.（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：Empty talk is harmful to the nation, while doing practical work will make it thrive. 空谈误国，实干兴邦。
3.IOC（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：IOC (International Olympic Committee)国际奥林匹克组织4.UNESCO（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：UNESCO (United Nations of Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization)联合国教育、科学、文化组织5.GPA（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：GPA (Grade Point Average)平均成绩点数6.Gini coefficient（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：Gini coefficient基尼系数7.white night（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：white night白夜8.high water（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：high water高潮9.eleventh hour（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：eleventh hour最后时刻10.precious stone（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：precious stone宝石11.altitude sickness（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：altitude sickness高原反应12.health care reform（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：health care reform医保改革13.loan prime rate（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：loan prime rate贷款基础利率14.franchise store（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：franchise store专卖店15.to drive one"s pigs to market（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：to drive one"s pigs to market打鼾16.国家安全委员会（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：国家安全委员会National Security Council17.倒逼机制（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：倒逼机制anti-driving mechanism18.正能量（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：正能量positive energy19.主席团（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：主席团presidium20.交易税（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：交易税transaction tax21.中国梦（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：中国梦The Chinese dream22.住房保障（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：住房保障housing security23.债务上限（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：债务上限debt ceiling24.卫星导航系统（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：卫星导航系统satellite navigation system25.三中全会（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：三中全会the third plenary session26.新闻自由（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：新闻自由freedom of the press27.外逃资本（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：外逃资本fled capital28.可支配收入（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：可支配收入disposable personal income29.打造中国经济的升级版（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：打造中国经济的升级版create an updated version of Chinese economy30.打铁还需自身硬（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：打铁还需自身硬To be turned into iron, the metal itself must be strong.二、Ⅱ. (总题数：1，分数：60.00)31.It is a true story which happened during World War II in a certain state in the east of the U.S.A.One day a young man named Jim received an enlistment notice in which he was told to undergo the physical examination the next day. To Jim it seemed like a bolt from the blue. He was troubled so much that he couldn"t get to sleep all the night. In all fairness, Jim wasn"t a coward and he hated the Fascists deeply. But he wouldn"t join the army. Why? It was all because he was in love with a beautiful girl and he would not be separated from his girl friend. "If I could finda way to make the doctors believe there are some defects in my body," he thought, "I would avoid being sent to serve in the army. But how? ..." He thought and thought. Suddenly to his great joy, a good idea crossed his mind.The next morning Jim got to the hospital on time. He was led into a large room where he found an aged medical officer sitting behind a large writing-desk, busy looking through the sheets of paper carefully. "It must be the chief doctor," to himself Jim thought, "and I"d best try not to be paid attention to by that old fellow." With the thought, he hurriedly found a seat to sit down on and took out an out-of-age newspaper, pretending to read it.Not long before that, Jim heard his name called. He knew it was his turn to be examined. When Jim came up to the doctor, the old man raised his head slowly from his papers and took a quick and sharp look at him, then in a whisper he ordered Jim to put his newspaper on the table and take off his clothes at once. Of course, Jim had to do what he was wanted to. After that, he was told to go straight to a corner and sit down on a chair there. But to Jim"s great surprise, no sooner had he seated himself on the chair than he heard the doctor murmuring to his assistants: "Finished! That lad is quite up to the standard.""How can you draw such a conclusion like that before you give me a careful check? It"s too rash!" Still on the chair, Jim shouted at the doctor. "Don"t be impetuous, young man! Get off and put on your clothes, and then I"ll explain it to you." the doctor said calmly.And when Jim stood before the old man, the doctor held out his hand and gave a pat on his broad shoulder. A smile on his face, he said to Jim in kind voice: "My boy, you said we didn"t examine you carefully, didn"t you? But I don"t think it necessary for us to do that. You might be puzzled about this. Now let me tell you how and why." A pause to take a breath, he went on: "When I whispered to you to put down the newspaper and take off your clothes, you did it as I told you. It shows you have good ears. And then when you were asked to go and sit on the chair in that corner, you did it, too. It shows you can see any object within a certain distance. So you are not nearsighted at all. Besides, you were found reading the newspaper just now, and we are certain you are a man of intelligence. In a word, we make no doubt that you are perfect in mind and body. Now I"m glad to say you"ve passed the physical examination, that is to say you"ll be a glorious soldier. Congratulations!"With those words the medical officer stretched out both hands to Jim, and Jim could do nothing but hold them in his own. "I wish you to be a good fighter and fight for the justice and freedom of human beings!" said the old man in an inspiring voice. And Jim was so moved that his eyes were full of tears.Half a year later, Jim was killed in the European battlefield. At this news his girl friend nearly went mad. She dashed down to the shore and stood there, looking out to the boundless ocean. She kept weeping, while calling her lover"s name. "Don"t be like that, my dear." It was an old man"s trembling voice. "Your Jim died a real man. He devoted his life to the people all over the world. It is right that we should be proud of him..." Saving this, the old man, her father, was choked. His only regret was that he had never had Jim know who he was. This old man was no other than the medical officer who had given Jim the health check.（分数：60.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：还没多长时间，吉姆就听到有人喊他的名字。
2018年华南理工大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解Ⅰ. Translate each of the following statements into Chinese (50):1. John saw the writing on the wall for the British car industry two decades ago. 【答案】约翰在二十年前就意识到了英国汽车行业的不祥之兆。
2. Without tools man is nothing, with tools, he is all.【答案】没有工具，人是无能为力的；有了工具，人才能大显神通。
3. There is a mixture of the tiger and the ape in the character of Trump.【答案】特朗普的性格既残暴又狡猾。
4. Snow was treated very shabbily by the U.S. press and officialdom during this period, victimized for his views.【答案】在这期间，斯诺受到了美国新闻界和政界极不公正的对待，由于他的观点，他受到了迫害。
5. Our journey has brought us halfway across northern China.【答案】我们在中国北部的旅行已经过半。
6. I was, and remain, grateful for the part he played in my election.【答案】我的当选是他成全的，对此我过去很感激，现在仍然很感激。
7. Rainbows are formed when sunlight passes through small drops of water in thesky.【答案】彩虹是阳光透过空气中的小水珠时形成的。
高译教育 - 华南理工大学考研翻译硕士英语真题2011Part 1: Vocabulary and Grammar. （30 POINTS）1.Please explain your statement. I have no ____ what you are talking about.A. contemplationB. normC. notionD. imagination2.On August 18th the president announced a general ____ for political exiles.A. yogaB. adoC. quartetD. amnesty3.When two straight lines meet, ____ an angle.A. formedB. it is formedC. they formD. to form4.It is not ____ much the language as the background that makes the novel difficult to understand.A. thatB. thatC. soD. very5.The machine got somewhat eroded, but this oil will ____ it well.A. extinctB. decorateC. illuminateD. lubricate6.The digestive enzyme pepsin breaks down proteins into components ____ readily absorbed by the human body.A. that can beB. and areC. which theyD. are to be7. ____ the precise qualities of the hero in literary works may vary over time, the basic exemplary function of the hero seems to remain constant.A. WhateverB. Even thoughC. In spite ofD. Regardless8.The baby monkey ____ to its mother all day.A. heldB. graspedC. clungD. stuck9.____ at in this way, the situation does not seem so desperate.A. LookedB. LookingC. To lookD. Being looked10. Because caricature tends to emphasize the peculiarities of a subject, ____ an effective vehicle for pictorial satire.A. which is often C. it is oftenB. and often seen as D. many of which are11. It is absolutely essential that Mary ____ her study in spite of some leaning difficulties.A. will continueB. continuedC. continueD. continues12. Please ____ the staff that the inspectors will be here on Monday and let them make good preparations.A. modifyB. ratifyC. rectifyD. notify13. The meeting took on a different after ____ his moving speech.A. presageB. postureC. travestyD. trauma14. In the nineteenth century, Samuel Gridley Howe founded the Perkins School for the blind, ____for children in Boston, Massachusetts.A. that institutes C. was an institutionB. while instituted D. an institute15.People in prehistoric times created paints by grinding materials such as plants and clay into powder ____.A. water to be added C. and water addedB. for adding water then D. and then adding water16.While she had the fever, she ____ for hours.A . raved B. sniggered C. perforated D. tittered17.Seeing the General coming his way, the soldier stopped and gave him a smart ____.A. toastB. saluteC. tributeD. solution18.Often very annoying weeds, ____ and act as hosts to many insect pests.A.that crowd out less hardy plants than goldenrodsB.crowding out less hardy plants by goldenrodsC.the goldenrods crowding out of less hardy plantsD.goldenrods crowd out less hardy plants19.If you spill hot liquid on your skin it will ____ you.A. scaleB. scaldC. shunD. shunt20.Starting around 7000 B. C., and for the next four thousand years, much of the Northern Hemisphere ____ temperatures warmer than at present.A. with experience of C. experiencingB. experienced D. experience21.Did you get any ____ when you are dismissed from your job?A. fundB. loanC. bonusD. compensation22. When you are suffering from ____ you have red spots on your shin and you feel as if you have a cold.A. apathyB. schizophreniaC. impotenceD. measles23. He was ____ on the telephone so I asked him to speak more clearlyA. mutteringB. grumblingC. gropingD. shuddering24. Now, with the ____ and popularity of the home computer, its advantages and disadvantages have been a subject of discussion.A. adventureB. advanceC. adventD. adult25.They ____ evidence and threatened witnesses not to tell the truth to anyone else.A. producedB. fabricatedC. createdD. manipulated26.Is there any possible ____ explanation for his bad health since he seems to have no obvious disease?A. psychiatricB. psychologicalC. surgicalD. physical27.Many animals display ____ instincts only while their offspring are young and helpless.A. cerebralB. imperiousC. ruefulD. maternal28.____ the bad weather has delayed the flight, so it would be several hours before they could arrive.A. PresumablyB. RespectivelyC. ImaginablyD. Plausibly29.They send information every week, ____ whether it‟s useful or not.A. in consideration of C. with the exception ofB. irrespective of D. with regard to30.Children of poor health are very ____ to colds in winter and should be taken care of particularly.A. willingB. readyC. reluctantD. pronePart 2: Reading Comprehension （50 POINTS）Passage AGiven the lack of fit between gifted students and their schools, it is not surprising that such students often have little good to say about their school experience. In one study of 400 adults who had achieved distinction in all areas of life, researchers found that three-fifths of these individuals either did badly in school or were unhappy in school. Few MacArthur Prize fellows, winners of the MacArthur Award for creative accomplishment, had good things to say about their precollegiate schooling if they had not been placed in advanced programs.Anecdotal reports support this. Pablo Picasso, Charles Darwin, Mark Twain, Oliver Gold smith, and William Butler Yeats all disliked school. So did Winston Churchill, who almost failed out of Harrow, an elite British school. About Oliver Goldsmith, one of his teachers remarked, "Never was so dull a boy. " Often these children realize that they know more than their teachers, and their teachers often feel that these children are arrogant, inattentive, or unmotivated.Some of these gifted people may have done poorly in school because their gifts were not scholastic. Maybe we can account for Picasso in this way. But most fared poorly in school because they lacked ability but because they found school unchallenging and consequently not lost interest.Yeats described the lack of fit between his mind and school: “Because I had found it difficult to attend to anything less interesting than my own thoughts, I was difficult to teach.” As noted earlier, gifted children of all kinds tend to be strong-willed nonconformists. Nonconformity and stubbornness (and Yeatss level of arrogance and self-absorption) are likely to lead to Conflicts with teachers.When highly gifted students in any domain talk about what was important to the development of their abilities, they are far more likely to mention their families than their schools or teachers. A writing prodigy studied by David Feldman and Lynn Goldsmith was taught far more about writing by his journalist father than his English teacher. High-IQ childrenin, in Australia studied by Miraca Gross had much more positive feelings about their families than their schools. About half of the mathematicians studied by Benjamin Bloom had little good to say about school. Theyall did well in school and took honors classes when available, and some skipped grades.1.The main point the author is making about schools is that ____.A.they should satisfy the needs of students from different family backgroundsB.they are often incapable of catering to the needs of talented studentsC.they should organize their classes according to the students abilityD.they should enroll as many gifted students as possible2.The author quotes the remarks of one of Oliver Goldsmiths teachers ____.A.to provide support for his argumentB.to illustrate the strong will of some gifted childrenC.to explain how dull students can also be successfulD.to show how poor Olivers‟ performance was at school3. Pablo Picasso is listed among the many gifted children who ____.A.paid no attention to their teachers in classB.contradicted their teachers much too oftenC.could not cope with their studies at school successfullyD.behaved arrogantly and stubbornly in the presence of their teachers4.According to the passage author, the development of highly gifted students is attributed ____.A.mainly to parental help and their education at homeB.both to school instruction and to their parents coachingC.more to their parents encouragement than to school trainingD.less to their systematic education than to their talent5.The root cause of many gifted students having bad memories of their school years is that ____.A.their nonconformity brought them a lot of troubleB.they were seldom praised by their teachersC.school courses failed to inspire or motivate themD.teachers were usually far stricter than their parentsPassage BIt came as something of a surprise when Diana, Princess of Wales, made a trip to Angola in1997, to support the Red Cross‟s campaign for a total ban on all anti-personnel landmines. Within hours of arriving in Angola, television screens around the world were filled with images of her comforting victims injured in explosions caused by landmines. “I knew the statistics, she said. “But putting a face to those figures brought the reality home to me; like when I met Sandra, a 13-year-old girl who had lost her leg, and people like her.”The Princess concluded with a simple message: “We must stop landmines”. And she used every opportunity during her visit to repeat this message. But, back in London, her views were not shared by some members of the British government, which refused to support a ban on these weapons. Angry politicians launched an attack on the Princess in the press. They described her as “very ill-informed” and a “loose cannon”. The Princess responded by brushing aside the Criticisms: “This is a distraction we do not need. All I‟m trying to do is help.” Opposition parties, the media and the public immediately voiced their support for the Princess. To make matters worse for the government, it soon emerged that the Princess‟s trip had been approved by the Foreign Office, and that she was in fact very well-informed about s both the situation in Angola and the British government‟s policy regarding landmines.The result was a severe embarrassment for the government. To try and limit the damage, theForeign Secretary, Malcolm Rifkidnd, claimed that the Princess‟s views on landmines were not very different from government policy, and that it was “working towards” a worldwide ban. The Defence Secretary, Michael Portillo, claimed the matter was “a misinterpretation or misunderstanding.” —For the Princess, the trip to this war-torn country was an excellent opportunity to use her popularity to show the world how much destruction and suffering landmines can cause. She said that the experience hadalso given her the chance to get closer to people and their problems.1. Princess Diana paid a visit to Angola in 1997 ____.A.to clarify the British government‟s stand on landminesB.to establish her image as a friend‟ of landmine victimsC.to investigate the sufferings of landmine victims thereD.to voice her support for a total ban of landmines2.What did Diana mean when she said“……putting a face to those figures brought the reality home to me”?A.Meeting the landmine victims in person made her believe the statistics.B.She just couldn‟t bear to meet the landmine victims face to face.C.The actual situation in Angola made her feel like going back home.D.Seeing the pain of the victims made her realize the seriousness of the situation.3.Some members of the British government criticized Diana because ____.A.she had not consulted the government before the visitB.she was ill-informed of the government‟s policyC.they were actually opposed to banning landminesD.they believed that she had misinterpreted the situation in Angola4. How did Diana respond to the criticisms?A. She made more appearances on TV. C. She rose to argue with her opponents.B. She paid no attention to them. D. She met the 13-year-old girl as planned.5.What did Princess Diana think of her visit to Angola?A.It had caused embarrassment to the British government.B.It had greatly promoted her popularity.C.It had brought her closer to the ordinary people.D.It had affected her relations with the British government.Passage CAt the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, psychology professor Bella DePaulo got 77 students and 70 twonspeople to volunteer for an unusual project. All kept diaries for a week, recording the numbers and details of the lies they told.One student and six Charlottesville residents professed to have told no falsehoods. The other 140 participants told 1,535.The lies were most often not what most of us would call earth-shattering. Someone would pretend to be more positive or supportive of a spouse or friend than he or she really was, or feign agreement with a relative‟s opinion. According to DePaulo, women in their mteracttons with other women lied mostly to spare the other‟s feelings. Men lied to other men generally for self-promoting reasons.Most strikingly, these tellers-of-a-thousand-lies reported that their deceptions caused them little preoccupation or regret". Might that, too, be a lie? Perhaps. But there is evidence that this attitude toward casual use of prevarication is common.For example, 20,000 middle-and-high-schoolers were surveyed by the Josephson Institute of Ethics—a nonprofit organization in Marina de Rey, Calif., devoted to character education. Ninety-two percent of the teenagers admitted having lied to their parents in the previous year, and 73 percent characterized themselves as “serial liars”, meaning they told lies weekly. Despite these admissions, 91 percent of all respondents said they were “satisfied with my own ethics and character”.Think how often we hear the expression “I‟ll call you” or “The check is in the mail” or “I‟m sorry, but he stepped out”. And then there are professions—lawyers, pundits, PR consultants—whose members seem to specialize in shaping or spinning the truth to suit clients‟ needs.Little white lies have become ubiquitous, and the reason we give each other for telling fibs are familiar. Consider, for example, a Southern California corporate executive whom I‟ll call Tom. He goes with his wife and son to his mother-in-law‟s home for Thanksgiving dinner every year. Tom dislikes her “special” pumpkin pie intensely. Invariably he tells her how wonderful it is, to avoid hurting her feelings.“What‟s wrong with that?” Tom asked Michael Josephson, president of the Josephson Institute. It‟s a question we might all ask.Josephson replied by asking Tom to consider the lie from his mother-in-law‟s point of view. Suppose that one day Tom‟s child blurts out the truth, and she discovers the deceit. Will she tell her son-in-law, “Thank you for caring so much?” Or is she more likely to feel hurt and say, “How could you have misled me all these years?”And what might Tom‟s mother-in-law now suspect about her own daughter? And will Tom‟s boy lie to his parents and yet be satisfied with his own character?How often do we compliment people on how well they look, or express our appreciation for gifts, when we don‟t really mean it? Surely, these “nice lies” are harmless and well intended necessary social lubricant. But, like Tom, we should remember the words of English novelist SirWalter Scot, who wrote, “What a tangled web we weave, when first we practice to deceive.”Even seemingly harmless falsehoods can have unforeseen consequences. Philosopher SisselaBok warns us that they can put us on a slippery slope. “After the first lies, others can come more easily,” she wrote in her book Lying: Moral Choice in Public and Private Life. “Psychological barriers wear down; the ability to make more distinctions can coarsen; the liar‟s perception of his chances of being caught may warp.”Take the pumpkin-pie lies. In the first place, it wasn‟t just that he wanted his mother-in-law to feel good. Whether he realized it or not, he really wanted her to think highly of him. And after the initial deceit he needed to tell more lies to cover up the first one.Who believes it anymore when they‟re told that the person they want to reach by phone is “in a meeting”? By itself, that kind of lie is of no great consequence. Still, the endless proliferation of these little prevarications does matter.Once they‟ve become common enough, even the small untruth that are not meant to hurt encourage a certain cynicism and loss of trust. “when (trust) is damaged,” warns Bok, “the community as a whole suffers; and when it is destroyed, societies falter and collapse.”Are all white lies to be avoided at all costs? Not necessarily. The most understandable and forgivable lies are an exchange of what ethicists refer to as the principle of caring, “like telling children about the tooth fairy, or deceiving someone to set them up for a surprise party,” Josephson says. “Still, we must ask ourselves if we are willing to give our friends and associates the authority to lie to us whenever they think it is for our own good.”Josephson suggests a simple test. If someone you lie to finds out the truth, will he thank you for caring? Or will he feel his long-term trust in you has been undermined?And if you‟re not sure, Mark Twain has given us a good rule of thumb. “When in doubt, tell the truth. It will confound your enemies and astound your friends.”Questions1. Identify other 4 corresponding synonyms or near-synonyms for the word “lie” in the passage.2. Please comment on Mark Twain‟s rule of thumb: “When in doubt, tell the truth. It will confound your enemies and astound your friends.”Passage DOn the whole, books are less limited than ourselves. Often they sit on the shelves absorbing dust long after the writer has turned into a handful of dust—and it is precisely the appetite for this posthumous dimension that sets one‟s pen in motion. So as we toss and turn these rectangular objects in our hands we won‟t be terribly amiss if we surmise that we fondle, as it were, the urns with our returning ashes. After all, what goes into writing a book is, ultimately, a man‟s only life. Whoever said that to philosophize is an exercise in dying was right in more ways than one, for by writing a book nobody gets younger.Nor does one become any younger by reading one. Since this is so, our natural preference should be for good books. The paradox, however, lies in the fact that in literature “good” is defined by its distinction from “bad”. What‟s more, to write a good book, a writer must read a great deal of pulp--otherwise he won‟t be able to develop the necessary criteria. That‟s what may constitute bad literature‟s best defense at the Last Judgment.Since we are all moribund, and since reading books is time-consuming, we must devise a system that allows us a semblance of economy. Of course, there is no denying the pleasure of holding up with a fat, slow-moving, mediocre novel: but in the end, we read not for reading‟s sake but to learn. Hence the need for the works that bring the human predicament into its sharpest possible focus. Hence, too, the need for some compass in the ocean if available printed matter.The role of that compass, of course, is played by literary criticism, by reviewers. Alas, its needle oscillates wildly. What is north for some is south for others. The trouble with a reviewer is threefold: (a) he can be a hack, and as ignorant as ourselves; (b) hecan have strong predilections for a certain kind of writing or simply be on the take with the publishing industry, and (c) if he is a writer of talent, he will turn his review writing into an independent art form—Jeorge Luis Borges is a case in point—and you may end up reading reviews rather than the books.In any case, you find yourselves adrift in the ocean, clinging to a raft whose ability to stay afloat you are not so sure of. The alternative, therefore, would be to develop your own taste, to build your own compass, to familiarize yourself, as it were, with particular stars and constellations—dim or bright but always remote. This, however, takes a hell of a lot of time and you may easily find yourself old and grey, heading for the exit with a lousy volume under you arm.So where is one‟s terra firma, even though it may be but an uninhabitable island? Where is our good man Friday? Before I come up with my suggestion, I‟d like to say a few words about my humble self—not because of my personal vanity, but because I believe that the value of an idea is related to the context in which it emerges. Indeed, had I been a publisher, I‟d be putting on my books‟ covers not only their author‟s names but also the exact age at which they composed this or that work, to enable their readers to decide whether they care to reckon with the views contained in a book written by a person so much younger—or so much older—than themselves.The source of the suggestion to come belongs to the category of people for whom literature has always been a matter of some hundred names: to the people who feel awkward at large gatherings, do not dance at parties, tend to find metaphysical excuses for adultery, and are finicky about discussing politics: the people who dislike themselves far more than their detractors do; who still prefer alcohol and tobacco to heroin or marijuana—those who, in W. H. Auden‟s words, “one will not find on the barricades and who never shoot themselves or their lovers”. If such people occasionally find themselves swimming in their blood on the floor of prison cells or speaking from a platform, it is because they object not to some particular injustice but the order of the world as a whole.They have no illusion about the objectivity of their views; on the contrary, they insist on their unpardonable subjectivity. They act in this fashion, however, not for the purpose of shielding themselves form possible attack. Taking the stance opposite to Darwinian—they consider vulnerability the primary trait of living matter. This has less to do with masochistic tendencies than with their instinctive knowledge that extreme subjectivity, prejudice, and indeed idiosyncrasy are what help art to avoid cliche. And the resistance to cliche is what distinguishes art from life.Now that you know the background of what I am about to say, I may just as well say it; The way to develop good taste in literature is to read poetry. If you think that I am speaking out of professional partisanship, you are mistaken: I am no union man. The point is that being the supreme form of human locution, poetry is not only the mostconcise way of conveying the human experience; it also offers the highest possible standards for any linguistic operation—especially one on paper.The more one reads poetry, the less tolerant one becomes of any sort of verbosity. A child of epitaph and epigram, poetry is a great disciplinarian to prose. It teaches the latter not only the value of each word but also the mercurial mental patterns of the species, alternatives to linear composition, the knack of omitting the self-evident, emphasis on detail, the technique of anticlimax. Above all, poetry develops in prose that appetite for metaphysics which distinguishes a work of art from mere belles letters.Please, don‟t get me wrong: I am not trying to debunk prose. The truth of the matter is that literature started with poetry, with the song of a nomad that predates the scribblings of a settler. All I am trying to do is to be practical and spare your eyesight and brain cells a lot of useless printed matter. Poetry, one might say, has been invented for just this purpose.All you have to do is to arm yourselves with the works of poets in your mother tongue, preferably from the first half of this century, and you will be in great shape.If your mother tongue is English, I might recommend to you Robert Frost, Thomas Hardy, W. B. Yeats, T. S. Eliot, W. H. Auden, Marianne Moore and Elizabeth Bishop.If, after going through the works of any of these, you drop a book of prose picked from the shelf, it won‟t be your fault. If you continue to read it, that will be to the author‟s credit: that will mean that this author has something to add to the truth about our existence. Or else, it would mean that reading is your incurable addiction. As addictions go, it is not the worst.Questions1. According to the passage author, what sets one‟s pen in motion?2. The passage author suggests that the way to develop good taste in literature is to read poetry. Why?3. Paraphrase the sentence “Since we are all moribund, and since reading books is time-consuming, we must devise a system that allows us a semblance of economy.”Part 3: Writing. （20 POINTS）Please write an essay of about 400 word son the following topic: What TranslationMeans to Me.。
211华南理工大学2016年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷（试卷上做答无效，请在答题纸上做答，试后本卷必须与答题纸一同交回）科目名称：翻译硕士英语适用专业：英语笔译(专业学位)211华南理工大学2017年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷（试卷上做答无效，请在答题纸上做答，试后本卷必须与答题纸一同交回）科目名称：翻译硕士英语适用专业：英语笔译（专硕）211华南理工大学2018年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷（试卷上做答无效，请在答题纸上做答，试后本卷必须与答题纸一同交回）科目名称：翻译硕士英语适用专业：英语笔译(专硕)A. People could explain well why they made their choices.B. Only a few of participants had choice blindness in making decision.C. Usually participants were aware of the limits of their skills.D. Most participants didn’t realize that their choices had been switched.44. Change blindness refers to the phenomenon that_________________.A. many people fail to notice the big change around themB. people tend to ignore the small changes in the surroundingsC. people’s choices can be easily interrupted by a big changeD. quite a few people do not have a good sense of directions45. What do researchers think is the drive for many everyday preferences?A. The haste judgment.B. The mechanism of self-feedback.C. The interaction with others.D. The expectation for the future.Passage fourRicky Gervais’s new film, The Invention of Lying, is about a world where lying doesn’t exist, which means that everybody tells the truth, and everybody believes everything everybody else says. “I’ve always hated you,”a man tells a work colleague. “He see ms nice, if a bit fat,” a woman says about her date. It’s all truth, all the time, at whatever the cost. Until one day, when Mark, a down-on-his-luck loser played by Gervais, discovers a thing called “lying” and what it can get him. Within days, Mark is rich, famous, and courting the girl of his dreams. And because nobody knows what “lying” is? he goes on, happily living what has become a complete and utter farce.It’s meant to be funny, but it’s also a more serious commentary on us all. As Americans, we like to think we value the truth. Time and time again, public-opinion polls show that honesty is among the top five characteristics we want in a leader, friend, or lover; the world is full of sad stories about the tragic consequences of betrayal. At the same time, deception is all around us. We are lied to by government officials and public figures to a disturbing degree; many of our social relationships are based on little white lies we tell each other. We deceive our children, only to be deceived by them in return. And the average person, says psychologist Robert Feldman, the author of a new book on lying, tells at least three lies in the first 10 minutes of a conversation. “There’s always been a lot of lying,” says Feldman，whose new book, The Liar in Your Life, came out this month. “But I do think we’re seeing a kind of cultural shift where we’re lying more, it’s easier to lie, and in some ways it’s almost more acceptable.”As Paul Ekman, one of Feldman’s longtime lying colleagues and the inspiration behind the Fox IV series “Lie To Me”defines it，a liar is a person who “intends tomislead,”“deliberately,”without being asked to do so by the target of the lie. Which doesn’t mean that all lies are equally toxic: some are simply habitual –“My pleasure!” -- while others might be well-meaning white lies. But each, Feldman argues, is harmful, because of the standard it creates. And the more lies we tell, even if they’re little white lies, the more deceptive we and society become.We are a culture of liars, to put it bluntly, with deceit so deeply ingrained in our mind that we hardly even notice we’re engaging in it. Junk e-mail, deceptive advertising, the everyday pleasantries we don’t really mean –“It’s so great to meet you! I love that dress”– have, as Feldman puts it, become “a white noise we’ve learned to neglect.” And Feldman also argues that cheating is more common today than ever. The Josephson Institute, a nonprofit focused on youth ethics, concluded in a 2008 survey of nearly 30,000 high school students that “cheating in school continues to be rampant, and it’s getting worse.” In that survey, 64 percent of students said they’d cheated on a test during the past year, up from 60 percent in 2006. Another recent survey, by Junior Achievement, revealed that more than a third of teens believe lying, cheating, or plagiarizing can be necessary to succeed, while a brand-new study, commissioned by the publishers of Feldman’s book, shows that 18-to 34-year-olds--- those of us fully reared in this lying culture --- deceive more frequently than the general population.Teaching us to lie is not the purpose of Feldman’s book. His subtitle, in fact, is “the way to truthful relationships.”But if his book teaches us anything, it’s that we should sharpen our skills — and use them with abandon.Liars get what they want. They avoid punishment, and they win others’ affection. Liars make themselves sound smart and intelligent, they attain power over those of us who believe them, and they often use their lies to rise up in the professional world. Many liars have fun doing it. And many more take pride in getting away with it.As Feldman notes, there is an evolutionary basis for deception: in the wild, animals use deception to “play dead” when threatened. But in the modem world, the motives of our lying are more selfish. Research has linked socially successful people to those who are good liars. Students who succeed academically get picked for the best colleges, despite the fact that, as one recent Duke University study found, as many as 90 percent of high-schoolers admit to cheating. Even lying adolescents are more popular among their peers.And all it takes is a quick flip of the remote to see how our public figures fare when they get caught in a lie: Clinton keeps his wife and goes on to become a national hero. Fabricating author James Frey gets a million-dollar book deal. Eliot Spitzer’s wi fe stands by his side, while “Appalachian hiker” Mark Sanford still gets to keep his post. If everyone else is being rewarded for lying，don’t we need to lie, too, just to keep up?But what’s funny is that even as we admit to being liars, study after study shows thatmost of us believe we can tell when others are lying to us. And while lying may be easy, spotting a liar is far from it. A nervous sweat or shifty eyes can certainly mean a person’s uncomfortable, but it doesn’t necessarily mean they’re lying. Gaze aversion, meanwhile, has more to do with shyness than actual deception. Even polygraph machines are unreliable. And according to one study, by researcher Bella DePaulo, we’re only able to differentiate a lie from truth only 47 percent of the time, less than if we guessed randomly. “Basically everything we’ve heard about catching a liar is wrong,”says Feldman, who heads the College of Social and Behavioral Sciences at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst.Ekman, meanwhile, has spent decades studying micro-facial expressions of liars: the split-second eyebrow arch that shows surprise when a spouse asks who was on the phone; the furrowed nose that gives away a hint of disgust when a person says “I love you.” He’s trained everyone from the Secret Service to the TSA, and believes that with close study, it’s possible to identify those tiny emotions. The hard part, of course, is proving them. “A lot of times, it’s easier to believe,” says Feldman. “It takes a lot of cognitive effort to think about whether someone is lying to us.”Which mea ns that more often than not, we’re like the poor dumb souls of The Invention of Lying, hanging on a liar’s every word, no matter how untruthful they may be.46. What do we know about Mark in the film The Invention of Lying?A. He looks too thin for his date.B. He is the most honest man.C. Lying changes his life completely.D. He lives in a lying world.47. According to Robert Feldman, the author of The Liar in Your Life, Americans now_____________________.A. regard the truth as very importantB. tend to lie more often than beforeC. start a conversation with three liesD. hate to be deceived by their children48. How does Robert Feldman see little white lies?A. They do harm to both people and the society.B. They are more acceptable than habitual lies.C. They are necessary in the social relationships.D. They are good-intentioned and thus harmless.49. The survey of the Josephson Institute revealed in 2008 that____________.A. most students passed the examinations by cheatingB. few students realized the harm of deceivingC. lying had become a habit of many studentsD. cheating was spreading unrestrainedly in schools。
