2018北京丰台区初三(二模)语 文

2018北京各城区高三二模英语分类汇编--阅读理解A【西城二模】AGreat Books for Every Readerrings or swingingledtrapeze performerMarilees, to share how his instructor made one of the best catchers in the circus world out of an unwilling schoolthe human spirit and the energetic life on a circus train or inside a sweaty tin truck.Brunswick’s N.W. Miramichi,unforgettable first trip to a breathtaking region of Canada.during his manyfilled withlife in the marines.36. If you are interested in Canadian wilderness, you can read _____.A. She Flies Through the AirB. I Chose to Be a U.S. MarineC. Never Quote the Weather to a Sea LionD. A Century on New Brunswick’s N.W. Miramichi37. Which two authors of the following have a similar experience?A. Lee Stath and Paul Binder.B. Lee Stath and George S. Mumford.C. Paul Binder and George W. Carrington.D. George S. Mumford and George W. Carrington.38. The main purpose of the passage is to _____.A. introduce the authorsB. provide special offersC. expand readers’ horizon sD. recommend the books【东城二模】AAre you concerned about that tree in the front yard? Have tree branches been falling off that evergreen tree over the garage? Or maybe you just need tree removal or some regular tree pruning to let that rare Portland sunshine shine in?Urban Forest Pro in Portland is a full-service tree care company providing the Portland area with tree services. If you have a problem, any problem, that involves trees, our tree service and removal experts can help you solve it. Below are our most popular tree services.Tree Pruning - Our arborists（树艺师） are trained to recognize the unique needs of your trees, taking into account factors such as the tree’s age, hea lth& prior pruning. Doing tree pruning, we selectively remove certain parts of a tree according to the goals of our customers such as roof protection, increased sunlight, view clearance, and privacy protection. Our arborists can in mostcases come up with a pruning method that is both beneficial for the tree’s health and longevityand meets the needs of our customers.Tree Removal - Our arborists use the latest techniques and skills to assure the safety of your home, roof, and nearby structures to make sure your tree removal is done successfully. All tree debris（残骸） is roped down and kept under our control at all times to ensure your tree removal is safe.Tree Assessment - A tree assessment provides customers, for a small fee, with a verbal explanation of the condition of their trees. In addition, the arborist may describe any DIY options you might have to correct or improve the problem. It is also of value for customers who cannot afford to have tree services done at this time but only want to make a budget now.Tree Planting - We have a large selection of affordable high quality trees that are handpicked by our arborists, or our customers can also purchase their own trees and have them planted under the best conditions by a knowledgeable professional from our company. Our arborists can also use their extensive knowledge of trees to make recommendations as to which trees would work best in your yard.For more information, please check out our blog!36. Urban Forest Pro in Portland _________________.A. provides free training on tree protectionB. takes care of trees in public areasC. offers tree services to customersD. focuses on tree sales37. What will an arborist do in the process of tree pruning?A. Select the healthiest trees.B. Move the tree to a new place.C. Cut off unnecessary branches.D. Clear leaves away from the roof.38. Customers who are short of money may receive the service of __________.A. Tree PruningB. Tree RemovalC. Tree PlantingD. Tree Assessment【海淀二模】AMy First Day of SchoolFear started taking over, I was walking into my first school in America. I had traveled a long distance from India in order to join my parents, who had been for three years, hoping America would help my future. My father decided that I would be better off going to school here, so I enrolled(登记)in the local high school in my new town.I was afraid how I would do. On the first day, I went to my second period class after I had missed my first. With anxiety, I reached for the door, opening it slowly. Without paying attention to my classmates, I went straight to the teacher and asked if this was the right class. With a soft voice he answered. “Yes.” His voice comforted me a little. He gave me a sheet called Course Requirements, which I would never get in India because we didn’t have anything like that. Then he asked me to choose where I would sit. I didn’t actually want to pick a seat. In India we had fixed seats, so I never needed to worry about that. I spent the rest of the class taking notes from the image produced by the overhead projector. In Indian schools, we didn’t use the technology we had. We had to take notes as the teacher spoke.It was noon. I was very confused about when I would have lunch. I went to my next class and the bell rang as I entered. I went through the regular process of asking the teacher if I was in the right class. She said, “It’s still fourth period.”“But the bell just rang,” I said.Changing from a gentle tone to a harsher(刺耳的)one, she said, “That is the lunch bell, young man.”I apologized. Without another word I headed for the cafeteria. I felt lucky because we didn’t have this in India. Every confusion seemed like a barrier I had to get through to reach my goal. At the end of the day, I was on my way to the bus which we didn’t have in India either. I spotted my bus and sat down inside happily. I was thinking, today wasn’t o bad.36. The author attended an American high school because _______.A. his father preferred American schoolsB. his family wanted him to have a bright futureC. his mother had worked in it for 3 yearsD. he had been longing to leave his homeland37. What do we know about the author's first day of school?A. He went to the wrong class for the second periodB. He met some enthusiastic teachers and classmatesC. He got the Course Requirements sheet from his classmateD. He experienced differences from the Indian schools in many ways38.How did the author feel at the end of the day?A. WorriedB. PuzzledC. RelievedD. Excited36. B 37. D 38. C【丰台二模】AClimbing Without RopesThe popular image of the mountain climber is of a person carefully climbing a steep cliff with a network of safety ropes, but it is not the only kind. Many climbers now enjoy bouldering. It’s more accessible and better for the environment.Figure 1: The climber has two routes she could take, one to the left and one to the right. The left one appears easier because it has a jug within easy reach, but look what happens if she chooses that direction. She gets stuck on the rock and has to go back down. Sometimes that is even more difficult than going up.Figure 2: The climber takes the one to the right this time. Using a foothold and placing her right hand in a crimp, she is able to lift herself up and locate other handholds. After only a few moves, she is able to throw her leg over the top of the boulder and pull herself up.36. According to the passage, bouldering .A. is an indoor sportB. has no safety protectionC. needs maps and equipmentD. is a steep cliff climbing37. Bouldering becomes popular because .A. it challenges the limitsB. it costs lessC. it builds minds and bodiesD. it is a team game38. According to the example, the right route is .A. a shortcutB. a dead endC. tough but to the topD. lined with jugs39. The passage is likely to appear in .A. a book reviewB. a science reportC. a newspaper advertisementD. a sports magazine【朝阳二模】AIt’s heartbreaking to learn about all of the cruel things done to gorillas (大猩猩). In Africa, for example, the killers use guns to kill your fellows for meat. They don’t understand the influence their actions are having on gorillas. Another thing is the loss of gorillas’ natural home, which is caused by the improved infrastructure such as building roads and airports. When we cut down trees, you become homeless. We take away your shelter and sources of food, leaving you with very little chance of survival.Some of my classmates are writing to the relevant departments about these serious problems. Hopefully these letters will make a difference during your lifetime. Over the past three months, my class has been researching on gorillas, and I’ve learned so many things. For example, I’ve learned that you have a lot of feelings similar to mine and you are al ways so careful with everything you do. I think that you are really worth saving.36. According to the passage, Koko is probably ______.A. a killer of gorillasB. a member of the gorilla familyC. an expert on gorillasD. a governor in charge of gorillas37. What is mainly talked about in the second paragraph?A. The problems gorillas face at present.B. The danger gorillas cause for humans.C. The unique characteristic gorillas have.D. The natural environment gorillas live in.38. The author suggests that ______.A. gorillas should be protected in nature reservesB. killers for gorillas should be legally responsibleC. organizations should be set up to protect gorillasD. people should make donations to gorilla protection。

2018北京各区初三二模语文试卷分类汇编（名著阅读）答案版朝阳区6、古典小说中，人物的绰号往往能体现其外貌特征或性格特点。

智多星吴用、豹子头林冲、鼓上蚤时迁……他们都出自《》，作者是。

（2分）6.答案：水浒传施耐庵三、名著阅读（共6分）16. 孝，是一种传统美德。

请结合下面几则语录中的任意一则，说说你在生活中如何尽孝。

（3分）①子曰：“父母唯其疾之忧。

”（《论语·为政》）②子曰：“父母在，不远游，游必有方。

”（《论语·里仁》）③子曰：“色难。

有事，弟子服其劳；有酒食，先生馔。

曾是以为孝乎？”（《论语·为政》）④子曰：“父母之年，不可不知也；一则以喜，一则以惧。

”（《论语·里仁》）⑤子曰：“今之孝者，是谓能养。

至于犬马，皆能有养；不敬，何以别乎？”（《论语·为政》）答：17.小说中人物间的矛盾和冲突最能突显人物性格。

请结合你读过的名著，选择相关情节，说说其中体现的人物性格。

（3分）答：16.答案示例：选择③句。

孔子认为孝最难得的是对父母保持敬爱和悦的态度。

我总是能够和颜悦色地和父母沟通交流，从不对父母发脾气，这就是我对父母的孝。

（评分标准：共3分。

选择并理解2分，做法1分）17.答案示例：鲁达听闻金氏父女被郑屠欺侮，感到愤愤不平。

他见义勇为，三拳打死镇关西，表现出他嫉恶如仇、侠肝义胆的性格特点。

（评分标准：共3分。

情节2分，性格1分）丰台区4．关山难越，更衬托出人的信念坚定，意志坚强。

①替父从军，“万里赴戎机，关山度若飞”；关羽为了追寻兄长，②，成为千古佳话。

无论古今中外，攻坚克难、勇闯难关，都是精神力量的体现。

《海底两万里》中的尼摩船长在海底航行时多次遇险，他都能沉着机变地应对，比如③；《红岩》中的江姐、许云峰等共产党员不畏敌人的酷刑，在狱中坚持斗争，体现了④的“红岩精神”。

（4分）4.（4分）①花木兰②过五关斩六将③潜艇在去往南极途中被困冰下，艇内缺氧，船长指挥大家砸冰自救，最终脱险④英勇无畏评分说明：每空1分。

丰台区2023年九年级学业水平考试综合练习（二）语文参考答案一、基础·运用（共14分）1.（2分）D2.（2分）C3.（2分）D4.（2分）B5.（2分）开始（或发生）（评分说明：结合语境解释准确即可）6.（2分）这里的每一个地名，都隐含着一个美丽动人的传说；这里的每一幢高楼，都会在夜晚点亮我们幸福的生活。

（评分说明：语序和前面两部分内容不一致，改对即可）7.（2分）示例一：选择甲理由：用草书流畅显示丽泽地方泉多水盛的特点。

（或用草书豪放预示丽泽金融商务区拥有一个璀璨光明的未来）示例二：选择乙理由：用篆书古拙显示丽泽悠久的历史。

（评分说明：结合书体特点和文段内容阐释即可）二、古诗文阅读（共17分）（一）（4分）8.（1分）但少闲人如吾两人者耳9.（1分）会当凌绝顶10.（2分）①角声满天秋色里②胡琴琵琶与羌笛（评分说明：每空1分，错、漏、增字该空均不得分）（二）（5分）11.（2分）①足②赞美/热爱/向往12.（3分）“宋人主理”，意思是说宋代的诗歌富含哲理。

这首诗的颔联“山重水复疑无路，柳暗花明又一村”写诗人面对重叠的青山和曲折的水路，疑心前面无路可走，突然看到了一个柳荫浓密、鲜花明艳的村庄。

这句诗蕴含了在困境中坚持下去，也许会出现豁然开朗的转变，世间万物是消长变化的这一哲理。

（评分说明：解释意思1分，诗句理解1分，哲理1分）（三）（8分）13.（2分）A14.（2分）C15.（4分）①遗憾/惋惜②惟吾德馨③道/有道④为人排患释难解纷乱而无取（评分说明：每空1分）三、名著阅读（5分）16. 示例：《儒林外史》讽刺艺术专题探究。

梳理重点人物故事情节，了解人物特点；研究重点内容，了解《儒林外史》的讽刺手法及表达效果；结合前人的探究，深化自己的理解。

《儒林外史》善于综合运用前后对比、细节描写和夸张手法对人物进行讽刺。

（评分说明：专题1分，研究过程和研究结果3分，表达1分）四、现代文阅读（共24分）（一）（7分）17.（2分）丙18.（2分）示例：建筑整体安放在台基之上；建筑整体呈中轴对称；建筑整体有层次性（评分说明：每空1分，三点答出任意两点即可得满分，意近即可）19.（3分）①形成立体交通模式②融入传统文化元素③实现绿色智能（评分说明：共三个要点，每点1分，意近即可）（二）（10分）20.（3分）①探寻淮草得名原因②采地软菜③吃白茅的绒芽和根（评分说明：每空1分，意近即可）21.（2分）示例一：选【甲】“马上”体现出小伙伴们得知“我”找到不易发现的蘑菇时回应的迅速，“围拢”写出了大家团团围住“我”和蘑菇的情景，“一起”“投射”则写出大家对“我”挖到蘑菇的惊奇和羡慕。

北京市八区2018届初三二模英语分类汇编——完形填空Word 版含答案[昌平二模]二、完形填空（共8分，每小题1分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。

People Just Like UsI was not interested in the school project on ancient cultures at all, especially things about Egypt (埃及) , but Grace, my research partner, insisted the ancientEgyptians were interesting, and said I would 13my mind for sure.“Learning about these ancient people is so boring.” I said.“It’s not! Don’t be sure until you’ve learned about them.”said Grace.I had to say Grace had a 14 . So the next Saturday, I found myself at the Museum ofNaturalHistory, which had a big show on ancient Egypt.“So ancient Egyptians were pretty undeveloped, right?” I asked Grace as we waited in line for our tickets. “I mean, they didn’t have much 15 , did they? Well, except for the pyramids (金字塔) – didn’t the Egyptian kings live in the pyramids?”Grace just kept silent and pushed me forward.The show set me straight about the pyramids. I learned that they were tombs (墓) of the ancient kings, not their 16 . I also found out the great pyramid at Giza was huge, standing 500 feet tall when it was first built!As I walked farther, I was 17 to find a show on ancient sports. I saw paintings showing people playing a game with a ball. Just for a moment, I could 18 ancient Egyptian kids beside the Nile River hitting around a ball, just as I do with my friends. And the next show was all about how the ancient Egyptians treasured their children. A child was considered a great gift to the family.“So what do you think of these 19 ancient people now?” Grace asked.“You were right,” I said. “An cient Egyptians are much more interesting than I 20 . In fact, Iknow just what title to give our project. W e’ll call it ‘People Just Like Us’!”13．A．keep B．change C．lose D．follow14．A．word B．plan C．point D．way15．A．technology B．difference C．confidence D．information16．A．fields B．grounds C．schools D．homes17．A．tired B．careful C．surprised D．nervous18．A．explain B．picture C．show D．enjoy19．A．boring B．impatient C．funny D．exciting20．A．searched B．studied C．experienced D．expected13-20 BCAD CBAD[朝阳二模]二、完形填空（共8分，每小题1分）通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。

北京市海淀区2018届高三二模英语试卷作文第一节（15分）你班英语课上以“I Have A Dream”为题进行“说”的练习，请你写一份讲稿，内容包括：1．你的梦想是什么；2．你为何有此梦想；3．你如何实现梦想。

注意：1．词数不少于50；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Hello, everybody! ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you.第二节（20分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，用英语写一篇日记。

记述上周末你和你的英国朋友Jim用微信支付购物的过程。

注意：词数不少于60。

提示词：二维码QR code; 糖葫芦candy-coated haws(tanghulu)北京市海淀区2018届高三二模英语试卷参考作文第一节（15 分）One Possible VersionHello, everybody! I’m very glad to share my dream with you.I have a dream that one day I could be a pianist. I dream of playing a sweet tune for those who need music, bringing happiness to sorrowful souls and enthusiasm to weary spirits.I love music, and I love the feeling of playing music in front of the audience. Of all theins truments, the delicate yet powerful sound a piano makes impresses me most.It’s clear that I have a long way to go before I realize my dream. Therefore, I will practice every day as long as time permits and learn as many songs as I can. I will put my heart into my pursuit of music and never give up.I am confident that one day my dream will come true. Thank you.第二节（20分）One Possible VersionIt seems that everything in China is new to my British friend, Jim.Last weekend, when Jim and I were wand ering on the streets, enjoying the beautiful scenery and fresh air of spring, a candy-coated haws stand caught his attention. Having never tasted a candy-coated haw, he immediately went up to buy one.However, the vendor shook her head when seeing the 100-yuan note Jim handed over to her. She had no change! How disappointed Jim was! He was about to quit when I took out my cellphone, scanned the QR code on the stand and paid the vendor 5 yuan.Jim was surprised at what I had done. Then I explained to him that nowadays in China QR codes were everywhere, and we could pay with a cellphone for almost everything. “Wow!” Jim sai d, “The candy-coated haw tastes great, and the payment method seems even greater!”北京市西城区2018届高三二模英语试卷作文第一节(15分)假设你是红星中学校学生会主席李华。

专题二十九作文——议论文论证合理考情概览：解读近年命题思路和内容要求，统计真题考查情况。

2024年真题研析：分析命题特点，探寻常考要点，真题分类精讲。

近年真题精选：分类精选近年真题，把握命题趋势。

必备知识速记：归纳串联解题必备知识，总结出题规律和写作思路。

名校模拟探源：精选适量名校模拟题，发掘高考命题之源。

命题解读考向考查统计本题考查考生议论文写作能力。

在解答此类题目时，首先要审好题，结合材料和试题引导语，明确考题的要求，然后进行论点、论据、如何论证的整体构思。

这需要考生具备逻辑思维和组织语言的能力。

考向一论证合理2024·北京卷，22（1）命题分析议论文写作考查考生对材料的理解能力和议论文的整体构思能力，如北京卷第22题，通过社会热点、常规话题、阅读延伸等话题来设题。

2024年高考延续了对考生议论文写作能力的考查，预测2025年高考也会延续这种考查方式。

试题精讲考向一论证合理（2024·北京卷）作文（50分）几千年来，古老的经典常读常新，杰出的思想常用常新，中华民族的伟大精神亘古常新……很多事物，在时间的淬炼中，愈显活力和价值。

1.请以“历久弥新”为题目，写一篇议论文。

要求：论点明确，论据充分，论证合理；语言流畅，书写清晰。

（50分）考向一论证合理（2023·北京卷）作文（50分）“续航”一词，原指连续航行，今天在使用中被赋予了新的含义，如为青春续航、科技为经济发展续航等。

1.请以“续航”为题目，写一篇议论文。

不少于700字。

要求：论点明确，论据充实，论证合理；语言流畅，书写清晰。

【准确审题，确定论点，合理论证】议论文写作考查考生对社会问题的思考以及能够自圆其说论证自己观点的能力。

往往通过社会热点或者社会思潮引发讨论。

这就要求考生不能两耳不闻窗外事，一心只读圣贤书，需要了解社会，接触社会，参与社会生活，冷眼旁观机械地套作写不出好文章。

在备考过程中，考生要准备写作素材，进行专门训练，以提升思考力以及针对专门问题的论证能力。

北京市丰台区2020年初三统一练习（二）语文2020.06一、基础•运用（共15分）学校开展“探访'西山永定河文化带研学活动。

请根据要求，完成1 -5题。

1.“历史文化”组一位同学搜集到下面一段介绍永定河的文字。

阅读这段文字，完成（1）（2）题。

（共3 分）随着北京的大运河文化带、长城文化带和西山永定河文化带建设的提出，永定河这条北京的“母亲河”日渐引起人们的关注。

永定河发源于山西省宁武县管涔山，流经北京的一段约170千米。

永定河河床经常变动，淤积堵塞．、决口迁移的特征与黄河相似，故有“小黄河”和“浑河”之称。

这条河水流经常横向摆动，河道经常变迁，所以旧时人们形象地称之为“”。

清康熙三十七年（1698年）大规模整修平原地区河道后，永定河这个名字才确定下来。

永定河从远古流到今天，不仅滋养了两岸肥沃的土地，哺．育了包括京津在内的城市群落，更孕育了悠久而独特的历史文化。

（1）依次给長段文字中加点的字注音，全都正确的一项是（1分）（）A.塞（sāi）哺（bŭ）B.塞（sāi）哺（pŭ）C.塞（sè ）哺（bŭ）D.塞（sè）哺（pŭ）（2）根据文意，在文段画线处填入的词语是。

（2分）2.“生态文化”组展示稿中有这样一段文字。

阅读这段文字，完成（1）（2）题。

（共4分）20世纪80年代以来，北京水资源极度短缺，由于天然降水偏少和上游水库①等原因，三家店以下河道基本干涸，沙石河床裸露，河道生态功能严重②。

2010 年2月28 日,北京永定河绿色生态走廊建设工程启动。

经过多年的不断治理，永定河沿线陆续增加河道蓄水，形成了湖泊、溪流、湿地和亲水景观；增加陆地植物、水生植物等，周边生态逐渐恢复。

从2020年3月15日开始，通过万家寨引黄工程调引的黄河水源源不断汇入永定河上游。

5月12日，永定河水流出北京，进入河北固安。

永定河北京段二十多年来第一次全线通水。

“往昔永定河哺育京师大地，③”北京的母亲河获得了重生，再现滔滔流水，这承载了北京人多年的梦想，给予了北京人无限的期待。

文言文阅读及参考译文【西城二模】阅读下面的文言文，完成9－14题。

世主有先醒者，有后醒者，有不醒者。

昔楚庄王即位，乃．退僻邪而进．忠正，能者任事。

当是时也，宋郑无道，庄王围宋伐郑，诸侯说服。

庄王归，过申侯之邑。

申侯进饭，日中而王不食，申侯请罪曰：“臣斋而具食甚洁，日中而不饭，臣敢请罪。

”庄王喟然叹曰：“非子之罪也。

吾闻之曰，其君贤君也，而又有师者，王；其君中君也，而有师者，伯；其君下君也，而群臣又莫若者，亡。

今我下君也，而群臣又莫若不谷①，不谷恐亡无日也。

吾闻之，世不绝贤。

天下有贤，而我独不得。

若吾生者，何以食为．？”故庄王思得贤佐，日中忘饭，谓先寤．所以存亡，此先醒也。

昔宋昭公出亡，至于境，喟然叹曰：“呜呼！吾知所以亡矣。

吾被服而．立，侍御者数百人，无不曰吾君丽者。

吾发政举事，朝臣千人，无不曰吾君圣者。

吾外内不闻吾过，吾是以至此。

吾困宜矣。

”于是革心易行，衣苴布，食疄馂，昼学道而夕讲之。

二年美闻于宋，宋人车徒迎而复位，卒为贤君。

既亡矣，而乃寤所以存，此后醒者也。

昔者虢君骄恣自伐，谄谀亲贵，谏臣诘．逐，晋师伐之。

虢君出走，至于泽中，曰：“吾渴而欲饮。

”御者乃进清酒。

曰：“吾饥而欲食。

”御进腶脯粱糗。

虢君喜曰：“何给也？”御曰：“储之久矣。

”曰：“何故储之？”对曰：“为君出亡而道饥渴也。

”君曰：“知寡人亡邪？”对曰：“知之。

”曰：“知之，何以不谏？”对曰：“君好谄谀，而恶至言，臣愿谏，恐先虢亡。

”虢君作色而怒，御谢．曰：“臣之言过也。

”为闲，君曰：“吾之亡者诚何也？”其御曰：“君弗知耶？君之所以亡者，以．大贤也。

”虢君曰：“贤人之所以存也，乃．亡，何也？”对曰：“天下之君皆不肖，夫疾吾君之独贤也，故亡。

”虢君喜，据轼而笑曰：“嗟！贤固若是苦耶？”遂徒行而于山中居，饥倦，枕御膝而．卧，御以．块自易，逃行而去，君遂饿死，为．禽兽食。

此已亡矣，犹不寤所以亡，此不醒者也。

（取材于汉·贾谊《新书·先醒》）【注】①不谷：诸侯自称的谦辞。

2024届北京市丰台区高三二模语文2024. 04本试卷共10页，150分。

考试时长150分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、本大题共5小题，共18分。

阅读下面材料，完成1－5题。

材料一建设统一的全国碳市场，是推动我国经济社会绿色化、低碳化发展的重大制度创新。

中国的碳市场是由全国碳排放权交易市场（强制碳市场），以及全国温室气体自愿减排交易市场（自愿碳市场）组成。

强制和自愿两个碳市场既各有侧重、独立运行，又互补衔接、互联互通，共同构成了全国碳市场体系。

这对通过市场机制实现碳达峰和碳中和目标、建设美丽中国意义重大。

2021年7月，全国碳排放权交易正式上线交易。

据生态环境部有关负责人介绍，全国强制碳市场启动近三年以来，总体运行平稳，制度规范日趋完善，市场活跃度逐步提升，碳排放数据明显改观，碳排放管理能力全面提升，价格发现机制作用日益显现。

目前，全国碳排放权交易市场已经顺利完成了2019～2020年和2021～2022年两个履约周期，实现了预期的建设目标。

第二个履约周期成交量比第一个履约周期增长了19%，成交额比第一个履约周期增长了89%。

同时，第二个履约周期企业参与交易的积极性明显提升，参与交易的企业占总数的82%，比第一个履约周期增长了近50%。

截至2023年底，全国碳排放权交易市场累计成交量已达到4.4亿吨，成交额约249亿元，覆盖年二氧化碳排放量约51亿吨，纳入重点排放单位2257家，成为全球覆盖温室气体排放量最大的碳市场。

同时，碳价整体呈现平稳上涨态势，已由启动时的每吨48元上涨至每吨80元左右，上涨66%左右。

（取材于董鑫的文章）材料二2024年1月22日，全国温室气体自愿减排交易市场在京启动。

这是继2021年7月全国碳排放权交易市场启动后，调动全社会力量共同参与温室气体减排行动的又一项制度创新，有利于推动形成强制碳市场和自愿碳市场互补衔接、互联互通的全国碳市场体系，是我国碳市场建设的又一里程碑事件。