考前模拟试题第十套

2020年全国计算机二级等级考试全真模拟试卷及答案（第十套）1.设循环队列为Q(1:m)，其初始状态为front=rear=m。

经过一系列入队与退队运算后，front=20，rear=15。

现要在该循环队列中寻找最小值的元素，最坏情况下需要比较的次数为A) 5B) 6C) m-5D) m-6参考答案：D2.某二叉树的前序序列为ABCDEFG，中序序列为DCBAEFG，则该二叉树的后序序列为A) EFGDCBAB) DCBEFGAC) BCDGFEAD) DCBGFEA参考答案：D3.下列叙述中正确的是A) 在链表中，如果每个结点有两个指针域，则该链表一定是非线性结构B) 在链表中，如果有两个结点的同一个指针域的值相等，则该链表一定是非线性结构C) 在链表中，如果每个结点有两个指针域，则该链表一定是线性结构D) 在链表中，如果有两个结点的同一个指针域的值相等，则该链表一定是线性结构参考答案：B4.下列叙述中错误的是A) 在带链队列中，队头指针和队尾指针都是在动态变化的B) 在带链栈中，栈顶指针和栈底指针都是在动态变化的C) 在带链栈中，栈顶指针是在动态变化的，但栈底指针是不变的D) 在带链队列中，队头指针和队尾指针可以指向同一个位置参考答案：B5.软件生命周期中，确定软件系统要做什么的阶段是A) 需求分析B) 软件测试C) 软件设计D) 系统维护参考答案：A6.下面对软件测试和软件调试有关概念叙述错误的是A) 严格执行测试计划，排除测试的随意性B) 程序调试通常也称为DebugC) 软件测试的目的是发现错误和改正错误D) 设计正确的测试用例参考答案：C7.下面属于系统软件的是A) 财务管理系统B) 编译软件C) 编辑软件WordD) 杀毒软件参考答案：B8.将E-R图转换为关系模式时，E-R图中的实体和联系都可以表示为A) 属性B) 键C) 关系D) 域参考答案：C9.有两个关系R与S如下，由关系R和S得到关系T，则所使用的操作为A) 并B) 自然连接C) 笛卡尔积D) 交参考答案：C10..在数据管理的三个发展阶段中，数据的共享性好且冗余度最小的是A) 人工管理阶段B) 文件系统阶段C) 数据库系统阶段D) 面向数据应用系统阶段参考答案：C11..以下叙述中错误的是A) 书写风格良好的程序执行效率高B) 书写风格良好的程序易读性好C) C程序可以在一行上写多条语句D) C程序允许将一条语句分写在多行上参考答案：A12..在C语言中，以下选项中不能正确表示10×1000 之值的是A) 1.0E4.0B) 1.E4C) 10E3D) 1.0e4参考答案：A设有定义：int a=0,b=1,c=1;13..以下选项中，表达式值与其它三个不同的是A) b=a==cB) a=b=cC) a=c==bD) c=a!=c参考答案：A14.设有两行定义语句：int scanf;float case;则以下叙述正确的是A) 第2行语句不合法B) 两行定义语句都合法C) 第1行语句不合法D) 两行定义语句都不合法参考答案：A15.设有定义：double x=2.12;，以下不能完整输出变量x值的语句是A) printf("x=%5.0f\n",x);B) printf("x=%f\n",x);C) printf("x=%lf\n",x);D) printf("x=%0.5f\n",x);参考答案：A16.设有定义：int a,b; float x,y; ，则以下选项中对语句所作的注释叙述错误的是A) scanf("%d%d%f",&a,&b); /* 多余的格式符%f完全不起作用 */B) scanf("%d%d",&a,&b,&x); /* 多余的输入项不能获得输入数据 */C) scanf("%d%f%d",&a,&b,&x); /* 输入项与格式符类型不匹配，变量b和x得不到正确的输入数据 */D) scanf("Input:%d%d",&a,&b); /* 格式串中允许加入格式符以外的字符串 */参考答案：A17.有如下程序#include <stdio.h>main(){int a = 0, b = 1;if (++a == b++)printf("T");elseprintf("F");printf("a=%d,b=%d\n", a, b);printf("\n");}程序运行后的输出结果是A) Ta=1,b=2B) Fa=1,b=2C) Ta=0,b=1D) Fa=0,b=2参考答案：A有如下程序#include <stdio.h>main(){int i = 1;for (printf("%d", i); i<4; i++) printf("%d", i);printf("\n");}18.程序运行后的输出结果是A) 1123B) 123C) 0123D) 001参考答案：A19.有如下程序#include <stdio.h>main(){int i = 1;for (printf("%d", i); i<4; i++) printf("%d", i);printf("\n");}程序运行后的输出结果是A) 1123B) 123C) 0123D) 001参考答案：A20.有如下程序#include <stdio.h>main(){if ('\0' == 0) putchar('X');if ('0' == 0) putchar('Y');if ('a' > 'b') putchar('Z');printf("\n");}程序运行后的输出结果是A) XB) XYZC) YZD) Y参考答案：A21.有如下程序#include <stdio.h> main(){char ch = 'M';while (ch != 'K') {ch --;putchar(ch); }printf("\n");}程序运行后的输出结果是A) LKB) MNC) OPD) MM参考答案：A22.有以下程序段scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c);if(a>b) a=b;if(a>c) a=c;printf("%d\n",a);该程序段的功能是A) 输出a、b、c中的最小值B) 输出a、b、c中的最大值C) 输出a的原始值D) 输出a、b、c中值相等的数值参考答案：A23.以下关于函数的叙述中正确的是A) 函数形参的类型与返回值的类型无关B) 函数必须要有形参C) 函数必须要有返回值D) 函数调用必须传递实参参考答案：A24.设有定义：int a,b[10],*c=NULL,*p;，则以下语句错误的是A) p=a;B) p=b;C) p=c;D) p=&b[0];参考答案：A25.有以下程序#include <stdio.h>void fun(int *x,int s,int e){ int i,j,t;for(i=s,j=e; i<j; i++,j--){ t=*(x+i); *(x+i)=*(x+j); *(x+j)=t;} }main(){ int m[]={0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9},k;fun(m,0,3); fun(m+4,0,5); fun(m,0,9);for(k=0; k<10;k++)printf("%d",m[k]);}程序的运行结果是A) 4567890123B) 3210987654C) 9876543210D) 0987651234参考答案：A26.设有n个数按从大到小的顺序存放在数组x中，以下能使这n个数在x数组中的顺序变为从小到大的是A) for(i=0;i<n/2;i++){ t=x[i];x[i]=x[n-i-1];x[n-i-1]=t;}B) for(i=0;i<n;i++){ t=x[i];x[i]=x[n-i-1];x[n-i-1]=t;}C) for(i=0;i<n/2;i++){ t=x[i];x[i]=x[n-i+1];x[n-i+1]=t;}D) for(i=0;i<n/2;i+=2){ t=x[i];x[i]=x[n-i-1];x[n-i-1]=t;}参考答案：A27.设有一个M*N的矩阵已经存放在一个M行N列的数组x中，且有以下程序段sum=0;for(i=0;i<M;i++) sum+=x[i][0]+x[i][N-1];for(j=1;j<N-1;j++) sum+=x[0][j]+x[M-1][j];以上程序段计算的是A) 矩阵所有靠边元素之和B) 矩阵所有不靠边元素之和C) 矩阵所有元素之和D) 矩阵两条对角线元素之和参考答案：A28.有以下程序#include <stdio.h>main(){ int s[3][2]={ 1,2,3,4,5,6},*ps[3],k;for(k=0;k<3;k++){ ps[k]=s[k];printf("%d ",*(ps[k]+1));}}程序的运行结果是A) 2 4 6B) 1 3 5C) 1 2 3D) 4 5 6参考答案：A29.设有以下定义char s1[]="0123";char s2[]={'0','1','2','3'}; 则以下叙述正确的是A) 数组s1的长度大于s2的长度B) 数组s1和s2的长度相同C) 数组s1的长度小于s2的长度D) 数组s1和s2完全等价参考答案：A30.以下能正确进行字符串赋值的语句组是A) char *ch; ch="abc";B) char ch[ ]={'a','b','c'};C) char ch[3]="abc";D) char ch[4]; ch="abc";参考答案：A31.有以下程序#include <stdio.h>int fun(char *s){ char *p=s;while( *p++ != '\0');return(p-s);}main(){ char *p="01234";printf("%d\n",fun(p));}程序的运行结果是A) 6B) 5C) 4D) 3参考答案：A32.有以下程序#include <stdio.h>main(){ char *mm[4]={"abcd","1234","mnop","5678"}; char **pm=mm;int i;for(i=0; i<4; i++) printf("%s",pm[i]+i);printf("\n");}程序的运行结果是A) abcd234op8B) abcd1234mnop5678C) a2o8D) a1m5参考答案：A33.有以下程序#include <stdio.h>void fac2(int );void fac1(int n){ printf("*");if(n>0) fac2(n-1); }void fac2(int n){ printf("#");if(n>0) fac2(--n); }main(){ fac1(3); }程序的运行结果是A) *###B) *##*C) **##D) *#*#参考答案：A34.有以下程序#include <stdio.h>int fun(int n){ static int t=1; int i=1; for( ; i<=n; i++) t*=i; return t;}main(){ int t=1,i;for(i=2;i<4; i++)t+=fun(i);printf("%d\n",t);}程序的运行结果是A) 15B) 11C) 8D) 4参考答案：A35.有以下程序#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>#include <stdlib.h>main(){ char *p1,*p2;p1=p2=(char *)malloc(sizeof(char)*10);strcpy(p1,"malloc");strcpy(p2,p1+1);printf("%c%c\n",p1[0],p2[0]);}程序的运行结果是A) aaB) maC) amD) mm参考答案：A36.设有定义：struct { int n; float x;} s[2],m[2]={{10,2.8},{0,0.0}};则以下赋值语句中正确的是A) s[0]=m[1];B) s=m;C) s.n=m.n;D) s[2].x=m[2].x;参考答案：A37.有以下程序#include <stdio.h>struct S{ int a; int *b;};main(){ int x1[ ]={3,4},x2[ ]={6,7};struct S x[ ]={1,x1,2,x2};printf("%d,%d\n",*x[0].b,*x[1].b); }程序的运行结果是A) 3,6B) 1,2C) 4,7D) 变量的地址值参考答案：A38.有以下程序#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>typedef struct {char name[10];char sex;int age;} STU;void fun(STU *t){ strcpy((*t).name,"Tong");(*t).age++;}main(){ STU s[2]={"Hua",'m',18,"Qin",'f',19};fun(s+1);printf("%s,%d,%s,%d\n",s[0].name,s[0].age,s[1].name ,s[1].a ge );}程序运行后的输出结果是A) Hua,18,Tong,20B) Hua,18,Qin,19C) Tong,19,Qin,19D) Hua,19,Tong,19参考答案：A39.以下不属于C语言位运算符的是A) !B) |C) ^D) ~参考答案：A40.有以下程序段FILE *fp;if( (fp=fopen("test.txt"，"w")) == NULL){ printf("不能打开文件！");exit(0);}elseprintf("成功打开文件！");若指定文件test.txt不存在，且无其他异常，则以下叙述错误的是A) 输出"不能打开文件！"B) 输出"成功打开文件！"C) 系统将按指定文件名新建文件D) 系统将为写操作建立文本文件参考答案：A。

1、这个标志的含义是提醒前方左侧行车道或路面变窄。

2、这辆小型载客汽车进入高速公路行车道的行为是正确的。

3、造成交通事故后逃逸，尚不构成犯罪的一次记几分？A、 12分B、 6分C、 3分D、 2分4、驾驶人违反交通运输管理法规发生重大事故致人死亡的处3年以上有期徒刑。

5、以下哪种身体条件，不可以申请机动车驾驶证?A、糖尿病B、红绿色盲C、高血压D、怀孕6、遇到这种情况的路段，可以进入网状线区域内停车等候。

7、这种黄黑相间的倾斜线条是什么标记？A、减速标记B、实体标记C、突起标记D、立面标记8、驾驶与准驾车型不符的机动车一次记几分？A、 12分B、 6分C、 3分D、 2分9、驾驶机动车跨越双实线行驶属于什么行为？A、违章行为B、违法行为C、过失行为D、违规行为10、在路口右转弯遇同车道前车等候放行信号时如何行驶？A、从前车左侧转弯B、从右侧占道转弯C、鸣喇叭让前车让路D、依次停车等候11、路面由白色虚线和三角地带标线组成的是什么标线？A、道路入口标线B、可跨越式分道线C、道路出口减速线D、道路出口标线12、机动车达到国家规定的强制报废标准的不能办理注册登记。

13、图中圈内的白色半圆状标记是什么标线？A、减速行驶线B、车速确认线C、车距确认线D、路口减速线14、在后方无来车的情况下，在隧道中倒车应靠边行驶。

15、驾驶小型载客汽车在高速公路行驶的最低车速为90公里/小时16、如图所示，驾驶机动车行驶至此位置时，以下做法正确的是什么？A、观察左侧无车后，可以左转B、从该处直接左转C、不得左转，应当直行D、倒车退到虚线处换到左转车道17、距离宽度不足4米的窄路50米以内的路段不能停车18、驾驶这种机动车上路行驶属于什么行为？A、违规行为B、违章行为C、违法行为D、犯罪行为19、驾驶机动车在道路上发生交通事故造成人身伤亡的，驾驶人必须报警。

20、这个标志是何含义？A、环行交叉路口预告B、十字交叉路口预告C、互通立体交叉预告D、 Y型交叉路口预告21、这个标志的含义是警告前方道路有障碍物，车辆减速绕行。

2022届全国普通高中新高考考前模拟英语（十）注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。

写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第Ⅰ卷（选择题）第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

ATo improve a high schoolers chance of getting into a top university, the summer programs allow young students to explore fields of interest and get a taste of college life.Telluride Association Summer Program (TASP)TASP is a six-week program allowing high school freshman from around the world to grow their sense of interpersonal awareness and community responsibility. It’s completely free, including the cost of tuition, books and even travel.Minority Introduction to Engineering and Science (MITES)This week-long program aimed at all US high school students can help them develop the skills necessary for future job in engineering while learning about the value and reward of acquiring advanced technical degrees. MITES is free—the only expense is the transportation to and from MIT.Clark Scholar Program (CSP)High school students coming from across the globe are offered the unique opportunity to gain hands-on research experience in mathematics field while working one on one with teaching staff over four intense weeks. Everything is free for chosen applicants except their meals.JCampThe seven-week one brings high school freshman and sophomores from various backgrounds together for participating in sessions and workshops led by notable journalists where students can get hands-on training in journalism. JCamp is free if selected-participants only need to pay for the board.1. What can be expected of MITES?A. It is accessible to worldwide students.B. It lays a foundation for career prospect.C. It makes no extra charge for transportation.D. It awards students advanced technical degrees.2. Which program is suitable for a UK high schooler with up to 5 spare weeks?A. TASP.B. MITES.C. CSP.D. JCamp.3. What is the shared goal of the programs?A. To seek for one-on-one instruction.B. To develop a sense of social duty.C. To get participants better prepared for college.D. To advertise some majors of the top universities.BSeveral years ago, Jason Box, a scientist from Ohio, flew 31 giant rolls of white plastic to a glacier (冰川) in Greenland. He and his team spread them across 10,000 feet of ice, then left. His idea was that the white blanket would reflect back the rays of the sun, keeping the ice cool below. When he came back to check the results, he found it worked. Exposed ice had melted faster than covered ice. He had not only saved two feet of glacier in a short time. No coal plants were shut down, no jobs were lost, and nobody wa s taxed or fired. Just the sort of fix we’re looking for.“Thank you, but no thank you.” says Ralph King, a climate scientist. He told Grey Childs. author and commentator, that people think technology can save the planet, “but there are other things we nee d to deal with, like consumption. They burned $50,000 just for the helicopter” to bring the plastic to the glacier. This experiment, quote-unquote, gives people false hope that climate change can be fixed without changing human behavior. It can’t. Technology won’t give us a free ride.Individuals respond to climate change differently. Climatologist Kelly Smith is hardly alone inher prediction that someday soon we won’t be climate victims, we will be climate Choosers. More scientists agree with her that if the human race survives. The engineers will get smarter, the tools will get better, and one day we will control the climate. but that then? “Just the mention of us controlling the climate sent a small shiver down my back, Grey writes.” “Something sounded w rong about stopping ice by our own will,” he says.Me? I like it better when the earth takes care of itself, I guess one day we will have to run the place, but for the moment, sitting at my desk, looking out at the trees bending wildly and the wind howling, I’m happy not to be in charge.4. Why does the author mention Jason Box’s experiment in the first paragraph?A. To introduce a possible solution to climate change.B. To describe a misleading attempt to fix the climate.C. To report on a successful experiment on saving the glacier.D. To arouse people’s attention to the problem of global warming.5. Which statement would Ralph King most probably agree with?A. The fight against climate change will not succeed.B. Technology is not the final solution, let alone its high cost.C. It’s best to deal with climate change without changing our behavior.D. Jason’s experiment plays a significant role in fixing climate change.6. What is Grey Childs’s attitude to human’s controlling the climate?A. FavorableB. TolerantC. Doubtful.D. Unclear.7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A. But should we fix the climate?B. Is climate change a real problem?C. How can we take care of the earth?D. What if all the glaciers disappeared?CFritillaria plants can be easily spotted. The usually bright green plants often stand alone amid the rocks at the top of the Himalayan and Hengduan mountains in southwestern China —easy pickings for traditional Chinese medicine herbalists, who’ve ground the bulbs (鳞茎) of Fritillaria into a cough-treating powder for more than 2, 000 years. The demand for the bulbs is intense, since about 3,500 of them are needed to produce one kilogram of the powder, worth about $480.But some Fritillaria are remarkably difficult to find, with leaves and stems that are barely distinguishable from the gray or brown rocky background. Surprisingly, the plants’ camouflage (伪装) seems to have evolved in response to people.In wide open areas with little cover, like mountaintops, blending in can help the plants avoid hungry herbivores, says Yang Niu, a botanist at the Kunming Institute of Botany in China. But after five years of studying camouflage in Fritillaria, he did not spot any animals feeding on the plants. So Niu, his colleague Hang Sun and sensory ecologist Martin Stevens of the University of Exeter in England decided to see if humans might be driving the evolution of the plants’ camouflage.During their research, local herbalists noted the total weight of the bulbs harvested each year from 2014 to 2019 at seven study sites. These records indicated contemporary harvesting pressure on the plants. In the meantime, the researchers assessed the ease of harvesting by recording how long it took to dig up bulbs at six of those sites. On some slopes, bulbs are easily dug up, but in others they can be buried under rocks. Both measures have revealed a striking pattern: The more harvested a site is, the better the color of a plant matches its background.However, camouflage can present some challenges. Pollinators (花粉传播者) might have a harder time finding the camouflaged plants, and the gray and brown coloration could impair photosynthetic (光合) activity. Still, these Fritillaria show how adaptable the plants can be. The plants can better change their appearance than we might have expected.8. What does the first paragraph mainly talk about?A. The living environment of Fritillaria.B. The appearance of Fritillaria.C. The reasons for picking Fritillaria.D. The history of traditional Chinese medicine.9. What do the researchers find during their research?A. Fritillaria usually exist under rocks.B. Animals drive Fritillaria to hide themselves better.C. Frequent human activities make it easier to spot Fritillaria.D. Fritillaria camouflage themselves better where harvested more often.10. Which of the following statements is true according to the last paragraph?A. All plants are poor at camouflaging.B. Fritillaria are constantly changing how they look.C. Camouflage can bring some side-effects to Fritillaria.D. Fritillaria camouflaged to be gray which can promote growth.11. What’s the main idea of this passage?A. The demand for the Fritillaria is intense.B. Fritillaria are remarkably difficult to find.C. Camouflage can present some challenges to the Fritillaria.D. Human activities drive the evolution of the Fritillaria’s camouflage.DIn 1977, scientists exploring the Galapagos Rift in the eastern Pacific noticed a series of sharp temperature increases in their data. They wondered how deep-ocean temperatures could change so greatly---from near freezing to400°C (750°F)in such a short distance. The scientists had made an interesting discovery —deep-sea hydrothermal vents(热液喷口). They also realized that an entirely unique ecosystem, including hundreds of new species, existed around the vents. Despite the extreme temperatures and pressures, toxic minerals(有毒矿物质), and lack of sunlight that characterized the deep-sea vent ecosystem, the species living there were doing well. Scientists later realized that bacteria were changing the toxic vent minerals into usable forms of energy through a process called chemosynthesis, providing food for other vent organisms.Seawater moves deep in the ocean’s crust(地壳) and becomes super-heated by magma(岩浆). As pressure builds and the seawater warms, minerals become part of the liquid, which rises toward the surface of the crust. The hot, mineral-rich waters then leave the oceanic crust and mix with the cool seawater above. As the vent minerals cool, they form different types of hydrothermal vent structures.Hydrothermal vent structures are characterized by different physical and chemical factors, including the minerals, temperatures, and flow levels of their plumes(烟). Black smokers produce the hottest, darkest plumes, which are high in sulfur (S) content and form chimneys up to18 stories tall, or 55 meters(180 feet). The plumes of white smokers are lightly colored and rich in barium (Ba), calcium (Ca), and silicon (Si). Compared to black smokers, white smokers usually produce cooler plumes and form smaller chimneys. Vents with even cooler, weaker flows are often called seeps, which appear to send out some light.The study of hydrothermal vent ecosystems continues to change our understanding of the requirements for life. The ability of vent organisms to survive and thrive at such extreme pressuresand temperatures and in the presence of toxic mineral plumes is interesting. The conversion of mineral-rich hydrothermal fluid into energy is a key aspect of these unique ecosystems. Through the process of chemosynthesis, bacteria provide energy and nutrients to vent species without the need for sunlight.12. What surprised the scientists when they examined their data?A. The great pressures under the deep ocean.B. The unexpected depth of the Galapagos Rift.C. The sudden rises in deep-ocean temperatures.D. The huge sizes of deep-sea hydrothermal vents.13. What did scientists find about vent creatures?A. Their foods come from toxic vent minerals.B. Their ability to produce light is amazing.C. They live under the oceanic crust.D. They usually have dark colors.14. What does paragraph mainly explain to us?A. How creatures live in extreme conditions.B. How seawater moves in the ocean’s crust.C. How minerals become part of magma.D. How hydrothermal vents are formed.15. Which best shows the flow levels of different plumes?A. Seeps’ > black smokers’ > white smokers’.B. Seeps’＞white smokers’＞black smokers’.C. Black smokers’ > white smokers’ > seeps’.D. Black smokers’ >seeps’ >white smokers’.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

10套试卷西安长安兴国初级中学小升初模拟考试数学试题含答案在小升初备考过程中，模拟考试是提高学生应试能力和考试信心的重要环节。

为了帮助广大学生顺利通过西安长安兴国初级中学小升初数学考试，特准备了10套模拟试卷，并附带详细的解析答案。

本文将按照试卷的顺序，逐一介绍每套试卷的题目类型和解题思路，以帮助学生更好地备战小升初数学考试。

第一套试卷本套试卷主要涵盖了数与代数、图形与几何、统计与概率等几个重要的数学知识点。

其中，数与代数部分注重培养学生的计算能力和数学思维；图形与几何部分关注学生对图形性质和几何关系的理解；统计与概率部分着眼于学生对数据处理和概率应用的掌握。

第二套试卷这套试卷主要涉及到数与代数、函数与方程、图形与几何等内容。

数与代数部分要求学生熟练掌握数的四则运算和基本性质；函数与方程部分需要学生理解函数概念和方程解法；图形与几何部分考查学生对图形性质和几何定理的理解和运用。

第三套试卷本套试卷主要聚焦于分数与整数、解方程、数据统计等数学知识点。

分数与整数部分是小升初数学中的重点内容，考生需要掌握分数与整数的相互转换和运算；解方程部分要求学生运用方程解法解决实际问题；数据统计部分注重训练学生的数据处理和统计分析能力。

第四套试卷这套试卷主要考察了数与代数、函数与方程、统计与概率等知识点。

其中，数与代数部分要求学生掌握数字的运算与应用；函数与方程部分强调学生对函数性质和方程解法的理解；统计与概率部分注重学生对数据分析和概率计算的能力。

第五套试卷本套试卷主要涉及到数与代数、数据分析和图形几何等内容。

数与代数部分注重学生的计算能力和应用能力；数据分析部分要求学生熟悉数据的统计和分析；图形几何部分关注学生对几何形状与性质的认知和应用。

第六套试卷这套试卷主要聚焦于整数与分数、代数式与方程、几何形状等数学知识点。

整数与分数部分考查学生的计算和转换能力；代数式与方程部分要求学生理解代数式的应用；几何形状部分注重锻炼学生对图形性质的理解和运用。

绝密★ 启用前 2020年高考名校考前提分仿真卷历 史（十）注意事项：1、本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。

2、回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题的答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

写在试卷上无效。

3、回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案填写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。

4、考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第I 卷（选择题）本卷共12个小题，每小题4分，共48分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

24．夏商君主依据当时的“天命说”，宣称自己得天命。

而周人认为天命需要德行来相配，天对于任何部族都是公平的；周朝建立后，周公又提出周的先祖们长期得到天的信任，因而能配命于天。

这反映出（ ）A ．早期政治中神权与王权逐步分离B ．传统学说维持政权合法性的功能强化C ．周朝继承了商代的中央政治体制D ．宗法制确保了周朝王权继承的稳定性25．读下表，据此不能得出的认识是（ ）中国古代行政区划简表时期 秦汉 魏晋南北朝 隋唐 宋金 元明 清 高级政区州路 行省 布政使司 省 统县政区 郡 郡州州路、府、州府、值隶州/州 府、值隶州 县级政区 县 县县县县县州、县A ．县是中国历史上最稳定的一级政区B ．州的地位呈现出由高到低的演进趋势C ．政区层级的调整促进了地方自主性D ．二级制和三级制是古代政区层级的主体26．朱熹认为：“格物致知，便是要知得分明。

诚意、正心、修身，便是要行得分明。

若是格物致知有所未尽，便是知得这明德未分明”；王阳明主张：“人须在事上磨炼做功夫乃有益，若只好静，遇事便乱，终无长进”。

据此可知，二者（ ）A ．都主张加强自身修养B ．都强调经世致用C ．求理途径上相互矛盾D ．都提倡“灭人欲”27．光绪六年，中德《续修条约》规定：“德国允，中国如有与他国之益，彼此立有如何施行专章，德国既欲援他国之益，使其人民同沾，亦允于所议专章一体遵守。

高三年级十模考试 〔文科〕数学试卷一、选择题：本大题共12个小题，每题5分，共60分.在每题给出的四个选项中，只有一项为哪一项符合题目要求的.1.全集U Z =，{0123}A =，，，，2{|2}B x x x ==，那么(C )U AB 〔 〕A ．{1,3}B ．{0,2}C ．{0,1,3}D ．{2}2.假设复数212iz i-=+，那么z =〔 〕 A ．4 B ．1 C ．0 D ．2-3.为了让大家更好地了解我市的天气变化情况，我市气象局公布了近年来我市每月的日平均最高气温与日平均最低气温，现绘成雷达图如下图，以下表达不正确的选项是〔 〕A ．各月的平均最高气温都不高于25度B ．七月的平均温差比一月的平均温度小C ．平均最高气温低于20度的月份有5个D ．六月、七月、八月、九月的平均温差都不高于10度4.函数3log (),0()(2),0x x f x f x x -<⎧=⎨--≥⎩，那么(2017)f =〔 〕A ．1B ．0C ．1-D ．3log 25.设双曲线22221(0,0)x y a b a b-=>>的右焦点是F ，左、右顶点分别是1A ，2A ，过F 做12A A 的垂线与双曲线交于B ，C 两点，假设12A B A C ⊥，那么双曲线的渐近线的斜率为〔 〕A ．12±B ．22±C ．1±D ．2±6.{}n a 是公差为1的等差数列，n S 为{}n a 的前n 项和，假设844S S =，那么10a =〔 〕A ．172 B ．192C ．10D ．12 7.函数sin ()ln(2)xf x x =+的图象可能是〔 〕A ．B ．C ．D ． 8.某几何体的三视图如下图，那么该几何体的体积是〔 〕A ．1136 B ．3 C ．533 D ．4339.给出30个数：1，2，4，7，11，16，…，要计算这30个数的和.如图给出了该问题的程序框图，那么框图中判断框①处和执行框②处可以分别填入〔 〕A ．30?i ≤和1p p i =+-B ．31?i ≤和1p p i =++C ．31?i ≤和p p i =+D ．30?i ≤和p p i =+10.函数()()f x x R ∈满足()2()f x f x -=-，假设函数1x y x+=与()y f x =的图象的交点为11(,)x y ，22(,)x y ，…，(,)m m x y ，那么1()miii x y =+∑等于〔 〕A ．0B ．mC ．2mD ．4m11.正四面体A BCD -的所有棱长均为12，球O 是其外接球，M ，N 分别是ABC ∆与ACD ∆的重心，那么球O 截直线MN 所得的弦长为〔 〕A ．4 B．．12.抛物线C ：22(0)y px p =>经过点(1,2)-，过焦点F 的直线l 与抛物线C 交于A ，B 两点，7(,0)2Q -，假设BQ BF ⊥，那么BF AF -=〔 〕A ．1-B ．32-C ．2-D ．4- 二、填空题：本大题共4小题，每题5分，共20分.13.实数x ，y 满足条件11040y x y x y ≥⎧⎪--≥⎨⎪+-≤⎩，那么2z x y =+的最大值是 ．14.某公司招聘员工，有甲、乙、丙三人应聘并进行面试，结果只有一人被录用，当三人被问到谁被录用时，甲说：丙没有被录用；乙说：我被录用；丙说：甲说的是真真.事实证明，三人中只有一人说的是假话，那么被录用的人是 ． 15.平面向量a 与b 的夹角为3π，()1,3a =，223a b -=，那么b = ． 16.正整数数列{}n a 满足11,231,n n n n n a a a a a +⎧⎪=⎨⎪+⎩是偶是奇，72a =，{}n a 的前7项和的最大值为S ，把1a 的所有可能取值按从小到大排成一个新数列{}n b ，{}n b 所有项和为T ，那么S T -= ．三、解答题〔本大题共6小题，共70分.解容许写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.〕17.在ABC ∆中，D 是边BC 上的点，AB AD ==1cos 7BAD ∠=.〔1〕求sin B ；〔2〕假设4AC =，求ADC ∆的面积.18.如图，在底面为梯形的四棱锥S ABCD -中，//AD BC ，60ASC ∠=，2AD DC ==，2SA SC SD ===.〔1〕求证：AC SD ⊥； 〔2〕求三棱锥B SAD -的体积.19.一只药用昆虫的产卵数y 与一定范围内的温度x 有关，现收集了该种药用昆虫的6组观测数据如下表：温度/x C 21 23 24 27 29 32产卵数y /个6 11 20 27 57 77经计算得：611266i i x x ===∑，611336i i y y ===∑，()()61557i ii x xy y =--=∑，()62184i i x x=-=∑，()6213930i i y y=-=∑，线性回归模型的残差平方和()621236.64iii y y =-=∑，8.06053167e ≈，其中i x ，i y 分别为观测数据中的温差和产卵数，1,2,3,4,5,6i =.〔1〕假设用线性回归方程，求y 关于x 的回归方程y bx a =+〔精确到0.1〕；〔2〕假设用非线性回归模型求得y 关于x 回归方程为0.23030.06x y e =，且相关指数20.9522R =.〔i 〕试与〔1〕中的回归模型相比，用2R 说明哪种模型的拟合效果更好.〔ii 〕用拟合效果好的模型预测温度为35C 时该种药用昆虫的产卵数〔结果取整数〕.附：一组数据11(,)x y ，22(,)x y ，…，(,)n n x y ，其回归直线y bx a =+的斜率和截距的最小二乘估计为()()()121n iii nii x x y y b x x ==--=-∑∑，a y bx =-；相关指数()()212211n iii nii y y R y y ==-=--∑∑20.椭圆22221(0)x y a b a b +=>>经过点(0,3)，离心率为12，左、右焦点分别为1(,0)F c -，2(,0)F c .〔1〕求椭圆的方程； 〔2〕假设直线l ：12y x m =-+与椭圆交于A ，B 两点，与以12F F 为直径的圆交于C ，D 两点，且满足53AB CD=l 的方程. 21.函数ln ()1xf x x =-. 〔1〕确定函数()f x 在定义域上的单调性；〔2〕假设()xf x ke ≤在(1,)+∞上恒成立，求实数k 的取值范围.〔二〕选考题：共10分.请考生在22、23题中任选一题作答，如果多做，那么按所做的第一题记分.22.[选修4-4：坐标系与参数方程]直线l 的参数方程为cos 2sin x t y t ϕϕ=⎧⎨=-+⎩〔t 为参数，0ϕπ≤<〕，以坐标原点O 为极点，x 轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系，曲线C 的极坐标方程为1ρ=，l 与C 交于不同的两点1P ，2P . 〔1〕求ϕ的取值范围；〔2〕以ϕ为参数，求线段12P P 中点M 的轨迹的参数方程. 23.[选修4-5：不等式选讲] 函数()42f x x x =-+-.〔1〕求不等式()2f x >的解集；〔2〕设()f x 的最小值为M ，假设2x a M +≥的解集包含[0,1]，求a 的取值范围.高三数学十模试题〔文科〕答案一、选择题1-5: ABCBC 6-10: BABDB 11、12：CB二、填空题13. 7 14. 甲 15. 2 16. 64三、解答题17.解：〔1〕在ABD ∆中，222BD AB AD =+2cos AB AD BAD -⋅⋅∠1772127=+-=，得BD =由1cos 7BAD ∠=，得sin 7BAD ∠=在ABD ∆中，由正弦定理得sin sin AD BDB BAD =∠，所以sin 77B ==.〔2〕因为sin B =，B 是锐角，所以cos 7B =， 设BC x =，在ABC ∆中，2222cos AB BC AB BC B AC +-⋅⋅=，即272167x x +-⋅=化简得：290x --=，解得x =或x =，那么CD BC BD =-==由ADC ∠和ADB ∠互补，得sin sin ADC ADB ∠=∠sin B ==， 所以ADC ∆的面积1sin 2S AD DC ADC =⋅⋅⋅∠12773327=⨯⨯⨯=. 18.解：〔1〕设O 为AC 的中点，连接OS ，OD ， ∵SA SC =，∴OS AC ⊥， ∵DA DC =，∴DO AC ⊥， 又,OS OD ⊂平面SOD ，且OSOD O =，AC ⊥平面SOD ，又SD ⊂平面SOD ，∴AC SD ⊥.〔2〕连接BD ，在ASC ∆中，∵SA SC =，60ASC ∠=，O 为AC 的中点，∴ASC ∆为正三角形，且2AC =，3OS =∵在ASC ∆中，2224DA DC AC +==，O 为AC 的中点，∴90ADC ∠=，且1OD =，∵在SOD ∆中，222OS OD SD +=，∴SOD ∆为直角三角形，且90SOD ∠=，∴SO OD ⊥又OS AC ⊥，且AC DO O =，∴SO ⊥平面ABCD .∴B SAD S BAD V V --=13BAD S SO ∆=⋅⋅1132AD CD SO =⨯⋅⋅⋅1132=⨯=19.解：〔1〕由题意得，()()()121n iii nii x x y y b x x ==--=-∑∑557 6.684=≈，∴33 6.626138.6a =-⨯=-，∴y 关于x 的线性回归方程为 6.6138.6y x =-.〔2〕〔i 〕由所给数据求得的线性回归方程为 6.6138.6y x =-，相关指数为()()212211n iii nii y y Ry y ==-=--∑∑236.6413930=-10.06020.9398≈-=.因为0.93980.9522<， 所以回归方程0.23030.06xy e=比线性回归方程 6.6138.6y x =-拟合效果更好.〔ii 〕由〔i 〕得当温度35x C =时，0.2303350.06y e⨯=8.06050.06e =⨯.又∵8.06053167e ≈，∴0.063167190y ≈⨯≈〔个〕.即当温度35x C =时，该种药用昆虫的产卵数估计为190个.20.解：〔1〕由题设知22212b c a b a c ⎧=⎪⎪=⎨⎪⎪=-⎩，解得21a b c =⎧⎪=⎨⎪=⎩22143x y +=. 〔2〕由题设，以12F F 为直径的圆的方程为221x y +=，∴圆心(0,0)到直线l 的距离d =由1d <，得m <(*).∴CD ===. 设11(,)A x y ，22(,)B x y ， 由2212143y x m x y ⎧=-+⎪⎪⎨⎪+=⎪⎩得2230x mx m -+-=， 由根与系数的关系得12x x m +=，2123x x m =-， ∴AB ==.由AB CD =1=，解得3m =±，满足(*). ∴直线l 的方程为123y x =-+或123y x =--. 21.解：〔1〕函数()f x 的定义域为(0,1)(1,)+∞，211ln '()(1)x x f x x --=-， 令1()1ln g x x x =--，那么有21'()x g x x-=， 令21'()0x g x x -==，解得1x =，所以在(0,1)上，'()0g x >，()g x 单调递增， 在(1,)+∞上，'()0g x <，()g x 单调递减.又(1)0g =，所以()0g x ≤在定义域上恒成立，即'()0f x <在定义域上恒成立，所以()f x 在(0,1)上单调递增，在(1,)+∞上单调递减.〔2〕由()x f x ke ≤在(1,)+∞上恒成立得：ln 1x x ke x ≤-在(1,)+∞上恒成立. 整理得：ln (1)0xx k x e --≤在(1,)+∞上恒成立. 令()ln (1)xh x x k x e =--，易知，当0k ≤时，()0h x ≤在(1,)+∞上恒成立不可能，∴0k >， 又1'()x h x kxe x=-，'(1)1h ke =-， 1当1k e ≥时，'(1)10h ke =-≤，又1'()x h x kxe x=-在(1,)+∞上单调递减，所以'()0h x ≤在(1,)+∞上恒成立，那么()h x 在(1,)+∞上单调递减，又(1)0h =，所以()0h x ≤在(1,)+∞上恒成立. 2当10k e <<时，'(1)10h ke =->，11'0k h k e k ⎛⎫=-< ⎪⎝⎭，又1'()x h x kxe x =-在(1,)+∞上单调递减，所以存在0(1,)x ∈+∞，使得0'()0h x =，所以在0(1,)x 上'()0h x >，在0(,)x +∞上'()0h x <，所以()h x 在0(1,)x 上单调递增，在0(,)x +∞上单调递减，又(1)0h =，所以()0h x >在0(1,)x 上恒成立，所以()0h x ≤在(1,)+∞上恒成立不可能. 综上所述，1k e≥. 22.解：〔1〕2(,)33ππ〔2〕sin 21cos 2x y ϕϕ=⎧⎨=--⎩〔ϕ为参数〕 23.解：〔1〕(,2)(4,)-∞+∞ 〔2〕1a ≥。

新教材高考理科综合模拟试题精编详解第十套试题16．图10-2中，P为放在匀强电场中的天然放射源，其放出的射线在电场的作用下分成a、b、c三束，以下判断正确的是（）图10-2A．a为α 射线，b为β 射线B．a为β 射线，b为α 射线C．b为γ 射线，c为α 射线D．b为α 射线，c为γ 射线17．一条船浮在平静的湖水中，其上站立着一人，开始人船都静止，当人沿船头走向船尾时，突然相对于船停止运动，考虑到有较小的水的阻力的影响，则此时（）A．船也立即停止运动B．船将沿人原来运动的方向运动一段时间C．船将沿人原来运动的反方向运动一段时间D．无法确定船是否运动18．对于宇宙的形成，在当代占主要地位的看法是：我们的宇宙诞生于150亿～200亿年前的一次大爆炸其主要依据是（）①光谱分析得到的红移现象，即星体离我们远去②天然放射现象③牛顿运动定律④月球运动中的各种现象A．①④B．②④C．①②D．①③19．一轻质弹簧下端固定于水平地面上，上端与一平板相连处于平衡状态，一泥块从与平板的距离为h高处自由下落，与平板相撞击后与板以相同的速度向下压缩弹簧，如图10-3所示．若撞击时间极短，则（）图10-3A．撞击过程中泥块与板的总动量守恒，机械能守恒B．泥块撞击板后，板具有的最大速度与h无关．C．泥块撞击板后，板具有最大速度的位置与h无关．D．在泥块和板一起下降过程中，它们减少的动能等于克服弹力所做的功20．将质量为2m的长木板静止地放在光滑的水平面上，如图10-4（a）所示．一质量为m的小铅块（可视为质点）以水平初速度v由木板左端恰能滑至木块的右端与木板相对静止，铅块运动中所受的摩擦力始终不变，现将木板分成长度与质量均相等的两段（1、2）后紧挨着仍放在此水平面上，让小铅块仍以图10-4A．小铅块仍能滑到木板2的右端与木板保持相对静止B．小铅块滑过木板2的右端后飞离木板C．小铅块滑到木板2的右端前就与木板保持相对静止D．图（b）所示过程中产生的热量多于图（a）所示过程产生的热量21．假设在质量与地球质量相同、半径为地球半径两倍的天体上，发生的下列事件中，不可能的是（）A．跳高运动员的成绩会更好B．用弹簧秤称体重时，体重数值变小C．从静止降落的棒球落下的速度变慢D．用手投出的蓝球，水平方向的分速度变大22．惠更斯利用摆的等时性发明了带摆的计时器，叫摆钟．摆钟运行时克服摩擦所需的能量由重锤的势能提供，运行的速率由钟摆控制．旋转钟摆下端的螺可以使摆上的圆盘沿摆杆上下移动，如图10-5所示，以下说法正确的是（）①当摆钟不准确时需要调整盘位置②摆钟快了应使圆盘沿摆杆上移③由冬季变为夏季时应使圆盘沿杆上移④把摆钟从武汉移到北京应使圆盘沿摆杆上移A．①②③B．②③④C．②④D．①③图10-5第Ⅱ卷（非选择题，共168分）23．（15分）为测定木块与斜面之间的动摩擦因数，某同学让木块从斜面上端自静止起做匀加速下滑运动，他使用的实验器材仅限于：①倾角固定的斜面（倾角未知），如图10-6所示；②木块；③秒表；④米尺．图10-6（1）实验中应记录的数据是哪些?（2）求计算动摩擦因数的公式；（3）为了减小测量的误差，可采用哪些办法?24．（15分）如图10-7所示，半径为a 的圆形区域内有匀强磁场，磁感应强度B ＝0.2T ，磁场方向垂直纸面向里，半径为b 的金属圆环与磁场同心地放置，磁场与环面垂直，其中a ＝0.4m ，b ＝0.6m ，金属环上分别接有灯1L 、2L ，两灯的电阻均为Ω=20R ．一金属棒MN 与金属环接触良好，棒与环的电阻均不计．Q a 、b图10-8（1）用户正常用电时，a 、b 之间有没有电压?为什么?（2）如果某人站在地面上，手误触火线而触电，脱扣开关是否会断开?为什么?（3）已知原线圈的双线各在铁芯上绕了1N 匝，加在另一侧的副线圈绕了2N 匝．已知正常用电时通过火线和零线的电流都是I ，某人站在地面上，手误触火线而触电时通过人体的电流为I'．把这个变压器视为理想变压器，在人触电的这段时间内，已知a 、b 两端的电压是2V ，求火线线圈两端的电压和通过Q 的电流各多大?参考答案1．C考查要点：考查对机体利用能源物质的顺序的理解 易错剖析：错选B ，把脂肪的利用和贮存搞错了 2．D考查要点：考查对病毒的代谢和营养的理解易错剖析：错选A 的较多，把病毒的细菌的培养等同了3．D考查要点：考查对分化的理解易错剖析：错选B 、C 的较多，对细胞分化是由于基因选择性表达的结果不理解 4．B考查要点：考查硝化细菌的硝化作用易错剖析：不理解土壤中氨态和硝态氮的比例与硝化细菌有关 5．A考查要点：考查糖类和氨基酸之间的转化易错剖析：错选BCD 的同学没有仔细审题，因为人体内糖类过剩意味着BCD 三个条件都满足 6．A考查要点：考查学生对DNA 半保留复制的理解易错剖析：学生没有抓住DNA 复制是半保留的，而错选B 、C 、D 7．B考查要点：考查酶与温度的关系和生物生存的最适温度、极端温度 易错剖析：把最适温度和极端温度混淆而错选A8．D 该信息题选材新颖，但考查的知识点却是分子结构的有关知识，依题意该微粒可表示为+3H 或一种新的阳离子，故A 、B 、C 均错．9．B 等物质的量的NaOH 与稀COOH CH 3、浓42SO H 、稀3H NO恰好反应生成等物质的量的水，若不考虑物质的溶解热和弱电解质电离吸热，应放出相同的热量．但在实际反应中，浓42SO H 溶于水是放热的，使其放出的总热量增多；COOH CH 3是弱酸，只是少部分电离，电离过程中吸热，故中和时放热少．注意放热越多，∆H 值越负．10．D 该题设置意图是培养学生的审题能力．能洞察选项中的某些错误．如A 错，因为辛烷标况下数为A 2N ．11．B 书写离子方程式要注意以下几点：①符合反应的实际情况，A 错．因为还原性-I ＞+2Fe ，∴2Br 与2FeI 等量反应时，只能氧化-I 而没有氧化+2Fe ②方程式必须配平，C 错．③所有参加反应的离子都写出，不能漏掉，D 错．12．C 考查氧化还原反应的有关概念．熟记口决“失升氧化还原剂”，故A 、B 错．还原产物为Cu ， 的H 2③系n 表，酯在错．由于分子中含C ＝C ，易起氧化反应和，故可溶解于水． 17．B 由于人的总动量大于船的总动量18．D 红移现象说明宇宙不断在膨胀．牛顿运动定律说明了红移现象运动的规律19．C 当加速度为零时，平板的速度达到最大值，磁撞属完全非弹性碰撞，能量损失最大．D 项中，减少的动能等于克服弹力和重力的合力所做的功20．C 以长木板为研究对象，从加速度大小不同分析 21．D 由万有引力定律求解22．D 对②中应使圆盘沿摆杆下移，对④项中g 随纬度增大而增大 23．（1）L 、d 、h 、t（2）由2)cos sin (21t g g L θμθ-=得2222cos 2tan gdtL dh gt L -=-=θθμ．（3）多次测量取平均值．24．解：（1）棒做切割磁感线运动时，切割磁感线的部分导体相当于等效电源，所以MN 中产生的感应电动势为0.8VV 54.022.021=⨯⨯⨯==⋅⋅v a B Ea B 48 的自身融合及杂种细胞（AaBb ），自交后能正常生长的植株应是（AB__），占9/16 28．（1）层析液 各种色素随层析液在滤纸上的扩散速度不同 （2）DNA 的复制 （3）6 （4）2F 因为C 和2F 两者之间的DNA 指纹图谱完全相同考查要点：本题的情境PCR 技术和电泳技术是全新的，考查学生在新情境下分析问题和解决问题的能力易错剖析：第3、4小题的错误率较高，对电泳可区分不同大小的分子不理解29．（1）Cl C Se K （2）+K []－30．（1）加聚 （2）Ⅰ式 （3）②④ （4）②③（5）（a ）−−−−→−COOHCH3加 ⎪⎩=m/s102B v A 、B 物体从平台落到水平地面上所用的时间：s 10512==gh t∴ A 、B 落在水平地面上与平台之间的距离：m t v S A A 2==⋅ ⑤（2）A 、B 物体落到水平地面上的动能为：J 50212=+=gh m v m E A A A KA ⑦J 40212=+=gh m v m E B B B KB ⑧。

2019 届高考名校考前提分仿真卷生物（十）注意事项：1、本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

答题前，考生务势必自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。

?2、回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每题的答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需变动，用橡皮擦洁净后，再选涂其余答案标号。

写在试卷上无效。

?3、回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案填写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。

?4、考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、选择题（共 6 小题，每题 6 分，共 36 分，在每题的四个选项中，只有一个选项是切合题目要求的）1．如图表示某细胞正在进行正常的减数分裂，有关该图的表达正确的选项是（）A．处于减数第一次分裂，有 4 个四分体B．有四对同源染色体，8 条染色单体C． 1 和 2 间的片段交换可致使基因重组D． A 和 C间的片段交换可致使染色体构造变异2．以下实验察看到的现象与结论般配正确的选项是（）A．洋葱表皮细胞质壁分别复原后，细胞不再吸水，说明细胞液浓度与外界溶液浓度一致B．动物脂肪细胞用苏丹Ⅲ染色后，能察看到橘黄色的脂肪微滴，说明脂肪细胞代谢旺盛C．层析分别结果显示在相邻色素带之间，叶绿素 a 与叶黄素间距最大，说明相邻色素间，此两者在层析液中的溶解度差别最大D．低温办理的洋葱根尖制成装片，高倍镜下察看分裂期细胞，均看不到纺锤体，说明低温能克制纺锤体的形成。

3．已知5%葡萄糖溶液的浸透压与动物血浆浸透压基真同样。

现给正常小鼠输入必定量的该溶液，一段时间后小鼠体内会发生的生理变化是（）A．血浆中胰岛素与胰高血糖素的比值降落B．位于胰岛组织的血糖感觉器产生喜悦C．下丘脑分泌的抗利尿激素开释量减少，尿量增加D．肾小管和会合管对葡萄糖的重汲取减少，尿液中葡萄糖含量增添有关表达4．化疗药物长春碱能够与微管蛋白联合阻挡纺锤体形成，从而克制癌细胞增殖。

错误的选项是（）A．长春碱在细胞分裂间期发挥作用，阻挡蛋白质合成B．癌症是由细胞中多个基因突变积累造成的C．癌细胞经过有丝分裂增殖，可保持遗传物质的相对稳固D．长春碱不可以特异性作用于癌细胞，会对机体产生副作用5．无子西瓜和无子番茄是人们喜爱的两种农产品，以下对于无子西瓜和无子番茄的表达，正确的选项是（）A．三倍体无子西瓜高度不育，其产生的变异为不行遗传变异B．三倍体无子西瓜减数分裂杂乱，不存在三倍体无子西瓜种子C．生长素并未改变无子番茄的遗传物质，其无子性状是能够遗传的D．无子番茄中没有种子，但其植株中还能发生孟德尔遗传定律6．今年，我国许多城市雾霾天气频发，改良生态环境势在必行。

英语（满分150分，考试时间120分钟）第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）略第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AEver since I was a child, my mouth has caused me trouble. I'm not a bad person. I have just had a hard time learning when to keep my mouth closed.My mom has t o l d m e a g a i n a n d a g a i n. " Robert, your constant bad words are hurting me.If you continue to be this rude, you will get into big trouble. "It has been a problem at school several times too when teachers have told me something l didn't want to hear.I used to feel it was my duty to stand up for myself and them off.One day in English class I began working on my homework until I heard a classmate talking behind me. It was Nathaniel, talking to himself as usual. I said ever so nicely, "Nathaniel, would you be quiet?"Nathaniel continued talking to himself. I quickly shouted " Nathaniel, shut up ! "For the next five minutes, we threw hurtful words hack and forth at each other."At least, I don't have an ugly lazy eye like you!" I shouted. I knew this would bother him deep inside. It would hurt his feelings and shut him up.What I said filled him with anger. He tried to reach over my seat and catch me as he shouted. "That's it! That's it ! "Surprised at his reaction, I sat back in my seat. Never had I seen Nathaniel act like this before.Later on, we were taken to the principal's office. There, the principal told us to discuss the matter. It wasn't until then that I finally found chat when I hurt somephysically, the wounds eventually heal.But when I hurt them with my words, sometimes the pain never goes away.At the end of the discussion, I said sorry to Nathaniel.When I headed back to my room, I spent sometime praying.I began to think about how often what I said hurt others. But I believe that as l keep praying and asking God to help me and he'll tell me when to keep my mouth closed.21.When Robert was a child, it was difficult for him to ________.A. keep his mouth fullB.say good words to othersC.pass the examD.help others again and again22.The underlined word “them” refers to Robert’s _______.A. parentsB.friendsC.teachersD.classmates23.Which of the following is TTRUE?A.Robert’s hurtful words hurt Nathaniel’s feelingsB.Nathaniel never talked to himself in classC.Robert felt sorry for talking too much in classD.Nathaniel said sorry to Robert for hurting him24.In this passage the writer tries to tell us that _______.A.when you hurt someone physically, the pain never goes awayB.we should try to understand and help each other in classC.we should keep praying and asking God to help usD.words cause more pain than violenceBAny diet on which you eat fewer calories than you need to get through the day, like an 800-calorie-per-day diet, can be dangerous. Diets that don't allow any fat also can be bad for you. Everyone needs a certain amount of fat in their diet — up to 30% of total calories — so no one should eat a completely fat-free diet.Don't have diets that restrict certain food groups, either. A diet that requires you to say no to bread or pasta or allows you to eat only fruit is unhealthy. You won't get the vitamins and minerals you need. And although you may lose weight, you'll probably gain it back as soon as you start eating normally again.Some people start dieting because they think all the problems in their lives are because of weight. Others have an area of their lives that they can't control, like an alcoholic parent, so they focus on something they can control — their exercise and food intake(摄入).People who diet may get lots of praise from friends and family when they start losing pounds, which makes them feel good. But eventually a person reaches aweight level —and doesn't lose as much weight as before because the body is trying to keep a healthy weight, so they aren't any happier.Some people may find it hard to control their eating, so they stick with an extreme diet for a little while, but then eat tons of food. Feeling guilty about the binge, they use laxatives（泻药）. Eating too little to maintain a healthy weight or eating only to throw up the calories are both eating disorders, which are harmful toa person's health.25. The reasons why some people start and keep dieting DON’T include________.A. they think their trouble comes from their weight.B. they have a strict parent.C. other people’s praise when they lose some weight.D. there is something they can’t control except food intake.26. The underlined phrase in the last paragraph refers to_______.A.a fat-free dietB.a special dietC.eating too muchD.eating too little27. Which of the following statements is true?A. A person needs about 800 calories each day.B. A person who doesn’t eat bread is unhealthy.C. An improper diet may cause eating disorder.D. Fat takes up the most part of calories inside body.28. According to the passage, when people want to lose weight, they should_________.A. avoid eating some food that can lead to being fatB. control their eating amount and timesC. have a healthy and balanced dietD. throw up some of what they eatCIf you ask students and parents to rate subjects according to their importance, the arts are unavoidably at the bottom of the list. Music is nice, people seem to say, but not important. Too often it is viewed as only entertainment, but certainly not an education priority(优先). This view is shortsighted. In fact, music education is beneficial and important for all students.Music tells us who we are. Because music is an expression of the beings who create it, it reflects their thinking and values, as well as the social environment it came from. Rock music represents a lifestyle just as surely as a Schubert song. The jazz influence that George Gershwin and other musicians introduced into their music is obviously American because it came from American musical traditions. Music expresses our character and values. It gives us identity as a society.Music provides a kind of perception (感知) that cannot be acquired any other way. Science can explain how the sun rises and sets. The arts explore the emotive meaning of the same phenomenon. We need every possible way to discover and respond to our world for one simple but powerful reason: No one way can get it all. The arts are forms of thought as powerful in what they communicate as mathematical and scientific symbols. They are ways we human beings “talk” to eachother. They are the language of civilization through which we express our fears, our curiosities, our hungers, our discoveries, and our hopes. The arts are ways we give form to our ideas and imagination so that they can be shared with others. When we do not give children access to an important way of expressing themselves such as music, we take away from them the meanings that music expresses.Science and technology do not tell us what it means to be human. The arts do. Music is an important way we express human suffering, celebration, the meaning and value of peace and love.So music education is far more necessary than people seem to realize.29. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Music should be of top education priority.B. Music education deserves more attention.C. Music is an effective communication tool.D. Music education makes students more imaginative.30.According to Paragraph 1,students_________.A. view music as an overlooked subjectB. prefer the arts to scienceC. regard music as a way of entertainmentD. disagree with their parents on education32. The author uses jazz as an example to __________in paragraph 2.A. introduce American musical traditionsB. prove music influences people's lifestylesC. compare it with rock musicD. show music reflects a society33. According to the passage, the arts and science________.A. express people's feelings in different waysB. explain what it means to be human differentlyC. approach the world from different anglesD. explore different phenomena of the worldDIt's not about how much money you make, and it's not about who your daddy is.We're talking about being attractive in general, whether it's on a job interview or just gaining the respect of your colleagues.Ask lots of questionsIf you come across as a know-it-all (even if you really do know it all!), it really pushes people away.Rather, asking lots and lots of questions makes people feel like you care, you can be trusted.Great body languageYou body language says a lot about you—it says whether you have confidence , or simply if you rally care. Talking physically, it is one of the most important physical characteristics you need!Stay busyAlways have something to do. Have you ever seen someone just sitting around,doing nothing? How unattractive. Always be busy with something, even if for some reason you have to make something up.Show your pearly whites (or just smile)Smile more, no matter how ugly your teeth are. I'm not kidding about this one. It's not all about the teeth. If you are smiling genuinely, you can draw everyone for 100 meters around to you.Wear what fitsWear clothing that fits you. For women, wearing tight pants or shirts is not attractive. Things that just fit you and your shape are the best not tight. Wear things that fit you nicely, please...And for goodness sake, both sexes, stay away from logos and printed shirts! Most people you may ask do not find this attractive. Stop being some company’s billboard(广告牌)。

中医内科学试题及答案1、患者，女性，48岁。

小便混浊，淋出如米泔水，尿道热涩疼痛，时有口干，舌红苔腻，脉濡数。

本病例最宜选用的方剂是A.程氏萆薢分清饮B.石韦散C.小蓟饮子D.无比山药丸E.知柏地黄丸【答案】A2、符合中医学辨证论治思路的有A.审察病机B.同病异治C.异病同治D.因病选方E.审证求机【答案】A B C E3、治疗胃阴不足呕吐的主方为A.麦门冬汤B.益胃汤C.一贯煎E.沙参麦冬汤【答案】A4、痫病发作日久，神疲乏力，少气懒言，面色不华，纳呆便溏，舌淡脉弱，治宜选用A.六君子汤B.涤痰汤C.参苓白术散D.二陈汤E.以上都不是【答案】A5、厥证的辨证要点包括A.辨病因B.辨虚实C.分气血D.辨阴阳E.分脏腑【答案】A B C6、以下属于瘿病的基本治则的是A.理气化痰C.消瘿散结D.滋阴降火E.活血化瘀【答案】A C7、丁某，男，患肝病多年。

近1周出现腹大按之不坚，胁下胀满，时有疼痛，纳食欠佳，小便短少，嗳气不爽，食后作胀，舌苔白腻，脉弦。

此属何病证A.水湿浸渍型水肿B.水湿困脾型鼓胀C.气滞湿阻型鼓胀D.肝郁气滞型鼓胀E.肝气郁结型胁痛【答案】C8、下列各项中，不符合紫斑临床特征的是A.好发于四肢B.紫斑小如针尖，大者融合成片C.压之褪色D.不高出皮肤E.患者以女性居多【答案】C9、呕吐物为痰浊涎沫者多属A.胃阴不足B.饮食停滞C.脾胃气虚D.痰饮内阻E.肝气犯胃【答案】D10、痰热郁肺证肺胀的治法是A.清热化痰，宣肺平喘B.清热化痰，肃肺止咳C.清肺泄热，降逆平喘D.化痰降气，健脾益气E.涤痰祛瘀，泻肺平喘【答案】C11、肺痈的成痈期的治疗原则是A.清热解毒，清肺消痈B.清肺消痈，祛痰化瘀C.清热解毒，化瘀消痈D.活血化瘀，清肺消痈E.益气养阴，清肺解毒【答案】C12、溃脓期的主症是A.咳吐白色黏痰B.咳吐黄绿浊痰C.咳吐腥臭脓血痰D.咳吐黄脓痰E.咳吐白色泡沫痰【答案】C13、癃闭的病因有A.外邪侵袭B.饮食不节C.情志内伤D.瘀血内停E.体虚久病【答案】A B C D E14、痫证休息期肝火痰热证的治法A.平肝息风，定惊安神B.清肝泻火，化痰宁心C.清热泻火，顺气豁痰D.疏肝和胃，健脾化痰E.涤痰息风，开窍定痫【答案】B15、癫证与狂证总的治疗原则A.调整阴阳B.调理气血C.调理肝气D.平肝降气E.以上都不对【答案】A16、治疗消渴下消的方剂是A.黄芪汤B.六味地黄丸C.金匮肾气丸D.鹿茸丸E.知柏地黄丸【答案】B C D E17、吞咽梗阻，胸膈痞满，时有疼痛，情志抑郁时加重，嗳气呃逆，呕吐痰涎，口干咽燥，大便秘结，舌质红，苔薄腻，脉弦滑。