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真题演练(三)[2015·江苏]AVisitor Code•Arrive with nothing that can harm New ZealandIf you are arriving from overseas，bring no food，animal or plant material into the country.If in doubt declare it to Customs.•Protect plants and animalsNever allow dogs or other pets to run freely in areas of nesting birds，other wildlife，or where signposted.•Get rid of rubbishAlways get rid of your rubbish properly and recycle waste(e.g.，glass，paper) where possible.•Be considerate with other wasteIf using a portable toilet always throw away your toilet waste at a proper waste station.In the back country，bury your toilet waste in a shallow hole away from waterways.•Keep New Zealand’s water cleanBecause soaps and other wastes can harm waterways，be careful your washing water doesn’t pollute the sea，lakes and rivers.•Take care with fireAlways observe district fire bans.Be careful if you smoke or have an outdoor fire or barbecue—make sure ashes are cold before leaving.•Camp or picnic carefullyWhen camping or picnicking，use facilities provided.•Keep to the trackKeep to the track，where one exists，so you lessen the chance of damaging fragile plants.•Be considerateWhen driving，minimize noise and observe no smoking signs.56．According to the Code，visitors should act .A．with care and respectB．with relief and pleasureC．with caution and calmnessD．with attention and observation答案 A解析推理判断题。
绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标III卷）英语注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5短对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
@网例: How much is the shirt ?A. £ 19.15.B. £ 9.18.C. £ 9.15.1. What does Joh n find difficult in lear ning Germa n ?A .Pronun ciatio n. B. Vocabulary. C. Grammar.2. What is the probable relati on ship betwee n the speakers ?A. Colleagues.B. Brother and sister.C. Teacher and stude nt.3. Where does the conversation probably take place ?A. In a ban k.B. At a ticket office.C. On a train.4. What are the speakers talk ing about ?A. A restaura nt.B.A street.C.A dish.5. What does the woma n thi nk of her in terview ?A. It was tough.B. It was in terest ing.C. It was successful.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 项中选出最佳选项。
2017届新课标高考英语阅读理解猜测词意（词义）解题策略高考考情分析解读：词义猜测题是高考阅读理解题中的一种常见的题型。
词义猜测可以是对一个单词的意义推断，也可以是对一个短语或一个句子的意义推断，既可以是生词生义，也可以是熟词新义，还可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断。
通过对近年新课标全国卷分析统计来看，词义猜测题一般有1－2题。
考查相对比较稳定，但难度略有增加，需要在复杂的句式中通过上下文综合分析才能得出答案。
在词义猜测题中，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据短文提供的语境，通过阅读上下文，根据已知的信息或常识来推测尚不熟悉的词或词组的含义。
2016年全国卷设问形式例子：(1)What does the underlined word “downside”in Paragraph 4 probably mean？(2016年课标全国卷Ⅱ)(2)What does the underline phrase “a pipe dream”in Paragraph 3 mean？(2016年课标全国卷Ⅲ)(3)What does the word “contributions”in the last paragraph refer to？(2015年课标全国卷Ⅰ)常见的命题形式有：The underlined word in the second paragraph means “________”．Which of the following words is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the last paragraph?The underlined word “________”in Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by “________”．What does the phrase “________”in Paragraph 1 mean?本学案结构：代词指代猜测题目句子猜测句意题目附：典故谚语知识储备单词或短语意思猜测题该题型着重考查考生根据上下文猜测词义的能力，这也是一个从“已知”得出“未知”的过程，即利用上下文的已知部分(尤其是该词或短语前后的句子)进行推理，有时还需要依靠常识和经验来猜测词义。
课时作业3Ⅰ.阅读理解(2017·湖南省衡阳市联考)Beaches are not only great for lying on and doing water sports, and in fact one of the best ways of enjoying them is a classic beach walk. Here at iWantSun. Co. UK, we've been searching the globe to find you the world's best and most glorious beach walks, and here's our pick of the top.The Footpath of the Gods, Amalfi Coast, ItalyThe name says it all really and you truly do feel up there to walking along this wonderful mountain coastal path, which offers some of the most striking views on the planet. The path begins at town of Bomerano to charming Positano along the UNESCO World Heritage area of the Amalfi Coast. The whole walk will take you approximately four and a half hours to complete and pass over narrow rocky paths, past sheer cliffs and shining blue bays.Sydney's Great Coastal Walk, AustraliaSydney's coastline is one of the most beautiful and diverse in the world. Here you have national parks, historic sites, steep cliffs, sparkling beaches and quiet bays all in one place. Sydney's Great Walk runs all the way from Barrenjoey in the north to Royal National Park in the south and takes an incredible seven days to complete. However, if you're not up to doing the full walk, then there are many different parts of the walk that you can do right in the city. Walking from the city's famous Bondi Beach to the sweeping curve of Bronte Beach takes just an hour, which takes in some top scenery.Great Ocean Walk, AustraliaThe Great Ocean Walk stretches 104 km along Victoria's famous Great Ocean Road, located on the southern coast of Australia, from the resort town Apollo Bay to the magnificent Twelve Apostles. The Twelve Apostles are the area's famous stone landmarks which stand out like giants from the sea. The walk passes through a range of landscapes and sights, from national parks, famous surfing spots and deserted beaches, to wild coastlines, cascading waterfalls, lush forests, historic lighthouses and ghostly shipwrecks. Day walks and shorter three-hour walks such as the Wreck Beach Walk or the Lighthouse Cemetery and Lookout Walk can also be enjoyed.So next time when you're looking for a beach holiday don't just think about the resorts and the sand, but consider a more active sun holiday, discovering some of the best beaches in the world.1．The author intends to tell us ________.A．the world's best places for beach walksB．the wonderful beaches in the worldC．the ideal tourism resort for healthD．the beautiful beaches in Australia2．When you arrive at the Amalfi Coast ________.A．you must be fed up with the footpathB．you will be fascinated by the sceneryC．you can start walking from PositanoD．you may be trapped in narrow rocky paths3．What is the distinct characteristic of Sydney's Great Coastal Walk?A．It takes about more than five hours to complete.B．It starts from Royal National Park in the south.C．It provides visitors a variety of great landscapes.D．It really has the longest coastline in the world.4．According to the fourth paragraph we can know that ________.A．Apollo Bay is at the end of the Great Ocean WalkB．the Twelve Apostles exists below the surface of the seaC．the Wreck Beach Walk can also give visitors pleasureD．most visitors can finish the 104 km walk in three hours答案与解析本文介绍了世界上最适合海滩散步的几个地方。
第二讲词义猜测题题型1猜测单词类[示例](2016·全国卷Ⅱ，B)Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time. His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home. I was delighted at the presence of such a student. Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work. His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect(感染) other students.Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. Without fail one would declare，“But I’m just not creative.”27．What does the underlined word “downside”in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Mistake.B．Drawback. C．Difficulty. D．Burden.[解题思路]第一步阅读文章，在画线词前后找出相关信息词①Encouraging__this__kind__of__thinking__has__a__downside.②I__ran__the__risk__of__losing__those__students__who__had__a__different__style__of__thinki ng.第二步对比信息词与选项，找出符合题干要求的选项尝试解答____B____[答题技巧]1．识别题干关键(1)The underlined word...probably means____________．(2)Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word...?2．“文中信息”巧利用(1)同义或定义解释法。
高三英语阅读理解词义猜测题解题方法总结单选题30题1.The word "procrastinate" in the sentence "He is always procrastinating his work." can be guessed from the context. The possible meaning is _____.A.finish quicklyB.start earlyC.put offD.do carefully答案：C。
本题通过上下文逻辑关系来猜测词义。
句子“He is always procrastinating his work.”表示“他总是拖延工作”，选项A“finish quickly（快速完成）”、选项B“start early（早早开始）”、选项D“do carefully 认真做）”都不符合语境，只有选项C“put off 推迟）”符合“拖延工作”的意思。
解题技巧为通过上下文逻辑关系猜测词义。
2.The new word "biodegradable" can be understood by analyzing its parts. The meaning is related to being able to _____.st foreverB.be broken down by living thingsC.be very expensiveD.be made quickly答案：B。
本题利用构词法来猜测词义。
“bio-”表示“生命、生物”，“degradable”表示“可降解的”，所以“biodegradable”的意思是“可被生物降解的”。
选项A“last forever（ 永远持续）”、选项C“be very expensive非常昂贵）”、选项D“be made quickly（快速制成）”都与构词法分析出的意思不符，只有选项B“be broken down by living things 被生物分解）”符合。
A(2017·云南高三检测一)My doorbell rings at 11 a．m. On the step, I find an elderly Chinese lady. She is small and slight. She holds a paper carrier bag in her hands.I know this lady. It is by no means her first visit. Her daughter, Nicole, bought the house next door last October.Nicole, who is currently in Shanghai, has apparently told her mother that I am having heart surgery shortly, and the result is that her mother has decided I need to be supplied with meals.I know what is inside the paper carrier bag—a stainless steel container with a meal of rice, vegetables and either chicken, meat or shrimp. This has become an almostdaily occurrence.Communication between my benefactor(恩人) and me is somewhat handicapped by the fact that she doesn’t speak English and all I can say in Mandarin is “ hello”. Once, she brought an iPad and pointed to the screen, which displayed a message from Nicole telling me that her mother wanted to know if the food was all right.“Your mother just can’t be bringing me meals like this all the time，”I protested. “I can hardly reciprocate by cooking something from my native land, like roast beef or Yorkshire pudding for her, ”I said.“Oh, no，”Nicole said. “Don’t worry about that. She has to cook for the family anyway, and she wants to do it for you. You can call her Wing, which is her surname. ”The tenant in my basement suite is a university student who speaks Mandarin quite well, so with her help, I have found out that Wing is 68—13 years younger than I am. For my part, I was raised in wartime Britain.So here we are, two grandmothers a world away from where we were raised, neither of us able to speak the other’s language. But the doorbell keeps ringing and there is the familiar paper carrier bag, handed smilingly to me by Wing.Right now I am working on some more Mandarin words—it’s the least I can do after such a display of kindness.“Thank you”is, of course, the first one, which somehow seems inadequate.[解题导语]本文是一篇记叙文。
2018高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题专题突破Step1猜测词义常见设问方式1.Which of the following is the nearest in meaning to “’’？2.What does the author probably mean by “’’?in the contest means _____.3.The word “’’4.The term can be best replaced by _____.probably refers to ____.5.The word “’’refers to ______.6.As used in the line … the word “’’7.According to the passage, the word “’’is known as_____.to refer to ____8.The passage use the word “’’means____.9.According to the author, the underlined word “’’10.From the context/ passage, we can infer that the word “’’means _____.在词义猜测题中，有些词汇并非生词，只需要根据上下文去推测它应在文章中的具体含义，或找出其指代对象。
做这类题，应仔细阅读出现该词的上下文，文章中往往会对这类词或短语进行重复解释或概括归纳。
因此答案往往可从文章中找出或推测出。
Step2. 方法探究1. Charlotte’s tale was inspired by the girls’ coin collection. “We’ve collected foreign coins foryears-since our families went on holiday to Tenerife,”she explains. “That was before the Euro, so we put pesetas in.”The underlined word “pesetas” in Paragraph 2 is a kind of _______.A. storyB. collectionC. inspirationD. foreign coin2. Today when many tend to worry more about their own happiness, Houng’s deeds remind usof what we usually neglect: love and care for others. Without these, none of us could survive.Houng turned down donations from others. He said he felt encouraged by kind offers, but he could depend on his own work.The underlined word “donation” in Para.3 probably means ______.A. invitation to give a speechB. something, especially given to help othersC. questions asked by interviewersD. chances to be a hero【思考归纳】这两道题你是如何得出答案的？从中你有什么启发和收获？跟大家分享一下。
2018年高考全国卷（Ⅲ）英语试题解析版第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)AWelcome to Holker Hall & GardensVisitor InformationHow to Get to HolkerBy Car： Follow brown signs an A590 from JB6, M6.Approximale travel times: Windermere-20 minutes, Kendal-25 minutes, Lancaster-45 minutes, Manchester-I hour 30 minutes.By Rail: The nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth, Lancaster Preston for connections to major cities & airports.Opening TimesSunday-Friday (closed on Saturday)11:00 am-4:00pm,30 March-2nd November. Admission ChargesHall & Gardens GardensAdults: £12.00 £8.00Groups £9 £5.5Producers: Market 13th AprilJoin us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas.Holker Garden Festival 30th MayThe event celebrate its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in gardening.National Garden Day 28th AugustHolker once again opens is gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide.Winter Market 8th NovemberThis is an event for all the family. Wander among a variety of shops selling gifs while enjoyinga live music show and nice street entertainment.21. How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester?A. 20minutes.B. 25 minutes.C. 45 minutes.D. 90 minutes.22. How much should a member of a tour group pay to visit to Hall & Cardens?A. £l2.00.B. £9.00.C. £8.0D. £5.5023. Which event will you go to if you want to see a live music show?A. Producers' Market.B. Holker Garden Festival.C. National Garden Day.D. Winter Market.【答案】21. D 22. B 23. D【解析】文章为旅游指南。
A(2017·河北石家庄高三质检)Recently I and other Red Cross volunteers met a group of victims from Hurricane Katrina. We were there, as mental health professionals, to offer ‚psychological first aid‛ and I was struck by the simple healing power of presence. As we walked in the gate to the shelter, we were greeted with a burst of gratitude(感激) from the first person we met. I felt appreciated, but also guilty, because I hadn’t really done anything yet.I first realized the power of presence many years ago when a friend’s mother passed away unexpectedly. I received a call saying she had just passed away. I wanted to rush down there immediately, but didn’t want to intrude (打扰) on this very personal period of sadness. I was torn about what to do. Another friend with me then said, ‚Just go. Just be there.‛I did, and I will never regret it.Since then, I have not hesitated to be in the presence of others. Once I sat at the bedside of a young man suffering from the pain of his AIDS-related dying. He was not awake, and obviously unaware of others’presence. However, the atmosphere was by no means solemn. His family, playing guitars and singing, allowed him to be present with them as though he were still fully alive.In my life, I am repeatedly struck by the healing power of presence. In it, none of us are truly alone. It not only is something we give to others but also changes me for the better.[解题导语] 本文主要讲述了“我”通过一些活动意识到“到场”的意义的故事。
1．Why were the hurricane victims grateful to the author?A．He built shelters for them.B．He gave immediate first aid to them.C．He came to stay with them.D．He brought mental health professionals.C 解析：细节理解题。
根据第一段第二句“We were there, as mental health professionals, to offer ‘psychological first aid’ and I was struck by the simple healing power of presence.‛可知，因为“我”在他们受灾时和他们在一起，所以他们感激“我”，故C项正确。
2．What did the author do when his friend’s mother passed away?A．He hesitated over whether to go.B．He went to his friend’s at once.C．He knew what to do instantly.D．He decided not to disturb his friend.A 解析：细节理解题。
根据第二段中的“I wanted to rush down there immediately, but didn’t want to intrude (打扰) on this very personal period of sadness. I was torn about what to do.”可知，‚我”想要立即去朋友那里，但又不愿意去打扰朋友，据此可知，当朋友的母亲去世时，‚我‛犹豫是否要去朋友那里。
3．What does the underlined word “solemn”in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A．Heavy but warm.B．A little sad but cosy.C．Relaxing and delightful.D．Very serious and unhappy.D 解析：词义猜测题。
根据第三段最后一句中的‚His family, playing guitars and singing‛可知，男青年的家人在弹奏吉他并唱歌；结合画线词所在句中的“However...no means”和第三段第二句中的“a young man suffering from the pain of his AIDS-related dying”可以判断，在家人的陪伴下，气氛并不悲伤和严肃，据此可以判断，画线词意为“严肃的”，故D项正确。
4．What has the author learned from his experience?A．A friend in need is a friend indeed.B．Being present can make a big difference.C．The family harmony is the happiest thing in life.D．Being a volunteer can make one’s life more significant.B 解析：推理判断题。
根据最后一段的前两句“In my life, I am repeatedlystruck by the healing power of presence. In it, none of us are truly alone.‛并结合第二段的第一句可知，从自己的经历中“我”意识到了“到场”的重要意义，故B项正确。
B(2017·重庆调研推测二)As the world becomes more connected, the number of people living outside their home country is on the rise. To find out what makes expats(移民) happy in their new hometown, the global community network InterNations recently conducted their annual Expat Insider survey.In Malta, warm weather and nearness to Europe are the big draws for this Mediterranean nation. The climate leads to a slower pace of life.‚Some shops have a ‘siesta’ early in the afternoon, and many people notice slow service at the restaurants，‛ said an InterNations Consul from Rome. ‚I remember sitting at a table around 8 p．m. once and leaving at midnight! We only had a starter and one main.”In Ecuador, friendly people, affordable healthcare and tasty, cheap food are just a few reasons as to why expats love living in Ecuador. Plus, the country’s diverse cities give expats a lot of choices.‚The beauty of Ecuador is the variety，‛ said an InterNations ambassador. ‚The people who come to retire in Ecuador often look for a lower cost of living, so the coastline, the southern part of Ecuador and Ambato will fit this type of expat. In the case of business－minded or outgoing expats, Quito, Guayaquil and Cuenca are the cities to live in.‛The bigger cities do come at a cost, he warned, with higher prices for rent and eating out.In New Zealand, the country’s natural beauty draws people from across the world, and with easy access to both cities and beaches, expats usually adopt the local relaxed lifestyle.An InterNations Ambassador from Hong Kong notes that a typical Kiwi works 8：30 a．m. to 5 p．m., never overtime, and enjoys meals and weekend。
