2000年上海市普通高等学校招生考试保送生综合能力测试

2000年全国普通高等学校招生考试保送生综合能力测试考生注意：本试卷共8页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟一．选择题：在下列各题的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的。

将所选项前的字母填在题后横线上。

每小题2分，共18分。

1．近年来赤潮在我国时有发生，当赤潮发生时，海水中的某些微小浮游生物大量繁殖，使水体呈红、紫等颜色，并对生物造成危害。

（1）下列说法中不正确的是A 赤潮是水体富营养化的结果B 含磷洗涤剂广泛使用与排放是发生赤潮的主要原因之一C 在封闭的海湾更易发生赤潮D 赤潮的发生是与人类活动无关的自然现象（2）下列水域中最容易发生赤潮的是A 杭州湾B 莱州湾C 辽东湾D 珠江口2．随着信息技术的发展，包括核试验在内的许多科学研究都可以用计算机进行模拟试验，这样既可以达到实验效果，又可以节省实验费用，降低实验风险。

（1）从认识论角度看，上述事实说明A 人们可以认识和利用规律B 有些认识不需要通过实践即可获得C 实践发展提供了新的认识工具和手段D 科学理论对实践具有指导作用（2）通过网络实现了多种形式的有偿信息服务，这主要是因为A 信息进入了市场交换B 信息是劳动生产的C 信息可以多次复制D 信息可以多人共享（3）应用网络技术可能对国家安全构成直接威胁的是①在互联网上存在着很多容易扩散的计算机病毒②敌对势力利用网络散布谣言，扰乱社会秩序③外国情报机构可能利用网络技术窃取国家机密④网上黑客经常破坏一些计算机网站A ①②B ②④C ②③D ③④（4）在人们广泛享用网络的同时，我国政府又对网络的合理使用制定了相应的规定，并要求公民遵守这些规定。

这体现了我国公民权利和义务之间的如下关系A 权利与义务是对等和统一的B 权利是由技术进步带来的，义务是由国家规定的第 1 页共6 页C 公民享有权利，然后才承担义务D 公民的权利和义务都是由政府实现的3．材料一：19世纪中期，英国科学家达尔文创立了生物进化学说，提出自然界存在优胜劣汰规律。

2000年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）英语试卷考生注意：1.笔试部分共16页，分第I卷（第21题-第105题）和第II卷。

考试时间为120分钟。

2.笔试部分（第21题-第105题）的答案必须涂在同一张答题纸上，从序号21开始。

每一小题只有一个正确答案，考生应将代表该答案的小方格涂黑。

注意试题题号和答题纸编号一一对应，不能错位。

答案需要更改时，只要将原选项用塑料橡皮擦去，重新选择即可。

答案不能写在试卷上，如写在试卷上一律不给分。

3.本试卷分为第I卷（第1-12页）和第II卷（第13-16页）两部分，全卷共6页。

第II卷（共45分）4.第II卷共两大题，请考生用钢笔或圆珠笔将答案直接写在试卷上。

5.答卷前将密封线内的项目填写清楚。

第I卷（五大题，共135分）一、听力部分（第1——第20题，共30分。

考试时间为30分钟。

）I. Listening ComprehensionPart A Short ConversationsDirections: In Part A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each question, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers in your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. About 60. B. About 50.C. About 30.D. About 25.2. A. Her health. B. The class she missed.C. The coming examination.D. The difficult lessons.3. A. Making an appointment. B. Deciding what to do.C. Checking the time.D. Going to class.4. A. She wants him to stay longer. B. She wishes he had left sooner.C. She knows he must go soon.D. She wants him to go now.5. A. Mother and child. B. Manager and customer.C. Teacher and student.D. Boss and clerk.6. A. Mother and father. B. Teacher and student.C. Two friends.D. Parent and child.7. A. She wonders why they can’t go for a walk.B. Sh e doesn’t want to go for a walk in the park.C. She doesn’t want to go out with the man.D. She thinks it’s a good idea.8. A. In the morning. B. At an early age.C. Half an hour ago.D. At six o’clock.9. A. In a park. B. In a museum.C. In a zoo.D. In a pet store.10. A. Because of the size. B. Because of the colour.C. Because of the material.D.Because of the style.Part B Longer ConversationsDirections: In Part B you will hear two longer conversations. After each conversation you will be asked two questions. The conversations will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 and 12 are based on the following conversation11. A. She can fix the loose connector.B. She’s annoyed by a strange noise.C. She doesn’t like the screen.D. Her computer doesn’t work.12. A. The man is going over to the woman’s place.B. The problem is solved.C. The man doesn’t know what’s wrong with the computer.D. The computer is completely broken.Questions 13 and 14 are based on the following conversation.13. A. A reporter. B. A school teacher.C. A traveler.D. A musician.14. A. To give more concerts. B. TO travel abroad.C. To run a special school.D. To perform more beautifully.Part C PassagesDirections: In Pat C, you will hear two short passages and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 15 through 17 are based on the following passage15. A. She caught a butterfly.B. She set a butterfly free.C. She saw a butterfly flying away.D. She changed a butterfly into a fairy.16. A. Letter her have any wish she would like.B. Letting her go anywhere she would like.C. Making her rich.D. Making her popular in the neighborhood.17. A. How to help others.B. The secret life of a young girl.C. The true meaning of happiness.D. Beauty brings happiness.Questions 18 through 20 are based on the following passage.18. A. Nurse. B. Doctors.C. Patients.D. Visitors.19. A. Having soft drinks.B. Listening to the hospital radio.C. Smoking in certain areas.D. Visiting patients in the morning.20. A. A music programme. B. A medical report.C. Hospital rules.D. A talk show.That’s the end of Listening ComprehensionII. GrammarDirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.21 The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, ___?A. did theyB. didn't theyC. did itD. didn't it22. They are not very good, but we like___.A. anyway to play basketball with themB. to play basketball with them anywayC. to play with them basketball anywayD. with them to play basketball anyway23. My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he ___ your lecture.A. couldn't have attendedB. needn't have attendedC. mustn't have attendedD. shouldn't have attended24. My uncle ___ until he was forty-five.A. marriedB. didn't marriedC. was not marryingD. would marry25. Not a single song ___ at yesterday's party.A. she sangB. sang sheC. did she singD. she did sing26. ___ of the land in that district ___ covered with trees and grass.A. Two fifth …isB. Two fifth …areC. Two fifths …isD. Two fifths …are27. ___ she couldn't understand was ___ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A. What …whyB. That …whatC. What …becauseD. Why …that28. Recently I bought an ancient vase, ___ was very reasonable.A. which priceB. the price of whichC. its priceD. the price of those29. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ___.A. who is heB. who he isC. who is itD. who it is30. She found her calculator ___ she lost it.A. whereB. whenC. in whichD. that31. He sent me an e-mail, ___ to get further information.A. hopedB. hopingC. to hope D hope32. I know nothing about the young lady ___ she is from Beijing.A. exceptB. except forC. except thatD. besides33. What he has down is far from ___.A. satisfactoryB. satisfiedC. satisfaction D satisfy34. You're standing too near the camera. Can you move ___?A. a bit farB. a little fartherC. a bit of fartherD. a little far35. Greenland, ___ island in the world, covers over two million square kilometres.A. it is the largestB. that is the largestC. is the largestD. the largest36. If only he ___ quietly as the doctor instructed, he wouldn't suffer so much now.A. liesB. layC. had lainD. shouldn't lie37. in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.A. Being foundedB. It was foundedC. FoundedD. Founding38. An awful accident ___, however, occur the other day.A. doesB. didC. has toD. had to39. The ___ boy was last seen ___ near the East Lake.A. missing …playingB. missing …playC. missed …playedD. missed …to play40. Tony was very unhappy for ___ to the party.A. having not been invitedB. not having invitedC having not invited D. not having been invited41 --- Shall I help you with that suitcase?--- ___.A. It's all right, thanks.B. Yes, go ahead please.C. I don't want to trouble you too much.D. No, please don't do it.42 --- You've given us a wonderful Chinese dinner, Mrs. Wang.--- ____.A. Oh, I'm afraid I didn't cook very well.B. I'm glad you enjoyed itC. Come again when you are free.D. it's not necessary for you to say so43 ---do you mind if I keep pets in this building?---____.A. I'd rather you didn't, actually.B. Of course not, it's not allowed there.C. Great! I love pets.D. No, you can't.44---I don't have any change with me. Will you pay the fare for me?---____.A. That's fineB. Nothing seriousC. Never mindD. No problem45 ---I didn't know this was a one-way street, officer.---____.A. That's all rightB. I don't believe youC. How dare you say thatD. Sorry, but that's no excuseIII. VocabularyDirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.46. The lion is considered the king of the forest as it is a(n)____ of courage and power.A. exampleB. signC. markD. symbol47. We volunteered to collect money to help the ____ of the earthquake.A. victimsB. folksC. fellowsD. villagers48 If you don't take away all your things from the desk, there won't be enough____for mystationery.A. areaB. placeC. roomD. surface49. It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to ____.A. rewardB. prizesC. awardsD. results50. I wrote him a letter to show my____ of his thoughtfulness.A. achievementB. agreementC. attentionD. appreciation51 One of the advantages of living on the top of the floor of a highrise is that you can get a good ___.A. sightB. sceneC. viewD. look52. ---Excuse me, may I ask you some questions?---Sorry, I'm too busy and haven't a minute to ____.A. spendB. spareC. shareD. stop53. Although the working mother is very busy, she still____ a lot of time to her children.A. devotesB. spendsC. offersD. provides54. When I opened the door, a parcel on the floor ____my eye.A. metB. caughtC. drewD. attracted55. After the president made an official announcement, she expressed her ____opinion.A. personalB. privateC. singleD. individual56. Alice laid her baby on the sofa____ and wrapped it with a blanket.A. silentlyB. tenderlyC. friendlyD. comfortably57. Fred is second to none in maths in our class, but believe it or not, he ____passed the last exam.A. easilyB. hardlyC. actuallyD. successfully58. Our bodies are strengthened by taking exercises. _____, our minds are developed by learning.A. ProbablyB. LikelyC. SimilarlyD. Generally59. He holds an important position in that company; ______, I don't quite trust him.A. ThusB. FurthermoreC. OtherwiseD. Nevertheless60.If you had _____your test paper carefully before handing it in, you would have made fewer mistakes.A. looked upB. thought aboutC. gone overD. gone roundIV. ClozeDirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.(A)Bedtime stories are one of the delights of early childhood. But according to Dr. Julie Spreadbury from Queensland University, parent should not _61__ up reading to their children_62__they enter primary school. She says listening to, reading and discussing the stories help children's_63_. "My_64__ indicates that once children can read themselves, most parent stop reading_65__them," Dr. Spreadbury says."_66__may be at the end of year 1,which is far too_67__."Dr. Spreadbury says _68_reading not only gives children a good start at school. But brings parents and children closer."This makes it _69__for them to open up and talk to parents about things that worrying them, or things they are _70__ in their everyday life."61. A. speed B. keep C. give D. hold62. A. after B. until C. if D. unless63. A. thinking B. comprehension C. relaxation D. development64. A. theory B. research C. story D. decision65. A. about B. from C. to D. through66. A. Some B. Most C. They D. That67. A. difficult B. early C. much D. informal68. A. daily B. healthy C. fast D. bedtime69. A. easier B. funnier C. rarer D. clearer70. A. reading B. promising C. celebrating D. receiving(B)Chinese scientists are again becoming excited about the fact that a large hairy animal may live in central China. Now they hope it won't be too long before they are able to _71_its existence. Their confidence is the _72_of a new discovery of the mystery animal in Hubei Province.Ten Chinese _73__, enjoying a holiday in a National Forest Park, were driving down a road. As their bus turned a corner, the men were suddenly _74_by what they saw. Three_75_animals, covered with long black hair, were crossing the road. On seeing the animal, the engineers immediately stopped and _76_them. _77_, when they saw how the animals moved through the forest with great_78_ and strength, they did not dare to follow any further.The men did not take any _79_. However, scientists are_80_ by the discovery, because the engineers were all very educated people and scientists feel they can _81_What they described.After the discovery, scientists returned to the forest and_82_some hair and measured footprints. About 20 inches appears to be the animal's foot！Chinese scientists have now set up a special group to exchange information and make a_83_of the forest. But in the meantime, some people_84_to believe that this half-man, half-monkey exists. They will not believe that it is _85_until one of the animals have been caught.71. A. prove B. analyze C. protect D. check72. A. basis B. requirement C. result D. preparation73. A. travellers B. engineers C. scientists D. explorers74. A. frightened B. amazed C. upset D. inspired75. A. trained B. projected C. tall D. violent76. A. shot at B. looked at C. fought with D. ran after77. A. However B. Indeed C. Meanwhile D. Anyway78. A. difficult B. speed C. care D. pleasure79. A. bullets B. tools C. medicines D. photographs80. A. surprised B. delighted C. disturbed D. supported81. A. rely on B. deal with C. write down D. pass on82. A. cut B. pulled C. collected D. tore83. A. film B. tour C. choice D. study84. A. come B. refuse C. prefer D. have85. A. wrong B. alive C. real D. correctIV. Reading ComprehensionDirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by five questions or unfinishedstatements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)The famous director of a big and expensive movie planned to film a beautiful sunset over the ocean, so that the audiences could see his hero and heroine in front of it at the end of the film as they said goodbye to each other for ever. He sent camera crew out one evening to film the sunset for him.The next morning he said to the men, "Have you provided me with that sunset? ""No, Sir," the men answered.The director was angry. "Why not? " he asked."Well, Sir, " one of the men answered, "we are on the east coast here, and the sun sets in the west. We can get you a sunrise over the sea, if necessary, but not a sunset.""But I want a sunset!" the director shouted. "Go to the airport, take the next flight to the west coast, and get one. "But then a young secretary had an idea. "Why don't you photograph a sunrise, " she suggested, "and then play it backwards? Then it'll look like a sunset.""That's a very good idea! " the director said. Then he turned to the camera crew and said, "Tomorrow morning I want you to get me a beautiful sunrise over the sea. "The camera crew went out early the next morning and filmed a bright sunrise over the beach in the middle of a beautiful bay（海湾）. Then at nine o'clock they took it to the director. "Here it is, Sir, " they said, and give it to him. He was very pleased.They all went into the studio（摄影棚）. "All right, " the director explained, "now our hero and heroine are going to say goodbye. Run the film backwards so that we can see the 'sunset' behind them. "The "sunset" began, but after a quarter of a minute, the director suddenly put his face in his hands and shouted to the camera crew to stop.The birds in the file were flying backwards, and the waves on the sea were going away from the beach.86.One evening, the director sent his camera crew out____.A. to watch a beautiful sunsetB. to find an actor and an actressC. to film a scene on the seaD. to meet the audience87.Why did the director want to send his crew to the west coast?A. Because he changed his mind about getting a sunsetB. Because he was angry about his crewC. Because it was his secretary's suggestion.D. Because he wanted to get a scene of sunset88.Which of the following is NOT true?A. The crew had to follow the secretary's advice.B. If you want to see a sunrise, the east coast is a place to go.C. The camera crew wasn't able to film the scene the first dayD. The director ordered his crew to stop filming the "sunset"89 The director wanted to film a sunset over the ocean because_____.A. it went well with the separation of the hero and heroineB. when they arrived at the beach it was already in the eveningC. it was more moving than a sunriseD. the ocean looked more beautiful at sunset90.After the "sunset" began, the director suddenly put his face in his hands____.A. because he was moved to tearsB. as he saw everything in the film moving backwardsC. as the sunrise did not look as beautiful as he had imaginedD. because he was disappointed with the performance of the hero and the heroine(B)I came to study in the United States a year ago. Yet I did not know the American society until I was injured in a car accident because after the accident I had to see a doctor-and go to court（法庭）.After the accident, my roommate called a doctor for me. I was very grateful and determined to repay him one day. But the next day, he asked me to pay him $200 for what he had done. I was astonished. He had good reason to charge me, he said. And if I wanted to collect money from the person who was responsible for my injury, I'd have to have a good lawyer. Now that he had helped me to find a good doctor, it was only fair that I should pay him.But every time I went to see the doctor, I had to wait about 50 minutes. He would see two or three patients at the same time, and often stop treating one so as to see another. Yet he charged me $115 each time. The final examination report consisted of ten lines, and it cost me $215.My lawyer was all smiles the first time we met. But after that he avoided seeing me at all. he knew very well the other party was responsible for the accident, yet he hardly did anything. He simply waited to collect his money. He was so irresponsible that I decided to dismiss（解雇）him. And he made me pay him $770.Now I had to act as my own lawyer. Due to my inexperience, I told the insurance the date I was leaving America. Knowing that, they played for time, …and I left without getting a cent.My experiences taught me two things about America: firstly, in a country like America money is everything. It is more important than friendship honour or professional morality（职业道德）. Secondly, foreigners are still being unfairly treated. So when we talk about America, we should see both its good and bad sides.91.The author's roommate offered to help him because_____.A. he felt sorry for the authorB. he thought it was a chance to make some moneyC. he knew the doctor was a very good oneD. he wanted the author to have a good lawyer92. A good doctor is essential for the author to____.A. be properly treatedB. talk with the person responsible for the accidentC. recover before he leaves AmericaD. eventually get the responsible party to pay for his injury93.The word " charge " in the passage means____.A. be responsibleB. accuseC. ask as a priceD. claim94.both the doctor and the lawyer in this passage are very___.A. friendlyB. greedyC. professionalD. busy95.What conclusion can you draw from this story?A. Going to court is something every common in AmericaB. One must be very careful while driving a carC. There are more bad sides in America than good sidesD. Money is more important than other things in the US(C)Laptop（便携式）computers are popular all over the world. People use them on trains and airplanes, in airports and hotels. These laptop connect people to their work place. In the United States today, laptops also connect students to their classrooms.Westlake College in Virginia will start a laptop computer program that allows students to do school work anywhere they want. Within five years, each of the 1,500 students at the college will receive a laptop. The laptops are a part of a $10million computer program at Westlake, a 110-year old college. The students with laptops will also have access to the Internet. In addition, they will be able to use e-mail to "speak" with their tethers, their classmates, and their families. However, the most important part of the laptop program is that students will be able to use computers without going to computer labs. They can work with it at home, in a fast-food restaurant or under the trees-anywhere at all!Because of the many changes in computer technology, laptop use in higher education, such as colleges and universities, is workable. As laptops become more powerful, they become more similar to desktop computers. In addition, the portable computers can connect students to not only Internet, but also libraries and other resources. State higher-education officials are studying how laptops can help students. State Officials also are testing laptop programs at other universities, too. At Westlake College, more than 60 percent of the staff use the computers. The laptops will allow all teachers to use computers in their lessons. As one Westlake teacher said, "Here we are in the middle of Virginia and we're giving students a window on the world. They can see everything and do everything. "96 The main purpose of the laptop program is to give each student a laptop to____.A. use for their schoolworkB. access the InternetC. work at homeD. connect them to libraries97 Why is the word "speak" in the second paragraph in quotation mark?A. They don't really talkB. They use the computer languageC. Laptops have speakersD. None of the above reasons is correct98 Which of the following is true about Westlake College?A. All teachers use computersB. 1,500 students have laptopsC. It is an old college in AmericaD. Students there can do everything99. A window on the world in the last paragraph means that students can____.A. attend lectures on information technologyB. travel around the worldC. get information from around the worldD. have free laptops100. What can we infer（推断）passage?A. The program is successfulB. The program is not workableC. The program is too expensiveD. We don't know the result yet(D)Most people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. This kind of loneliness is not serious. In fact, it is quite normal. For some people, though, loneliness can last for yeas. Now researchers say there are three different types of loneliness.The first kind of loneliness is temporary（暂时的）. This is the most common type. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention. The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation-for example, family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year.The third kind of loneliness is the most severe. Unlike the second type, chronic（长期的）usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who experience habitual loneliness have problems socializing and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition.Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person's social contacts, e.g. friends, family members, co-workers, etc. we depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our families give us emotional support, our parents and teachers give us guidance, and our friends share similar interests and activities. However, psychologists have found that, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes feel they should have more. They question their popularity.Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons: they are unhappy and unable to socialize and there is a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness such as heart disease. While temporary and situational loneliness can be normal, healthy part of life, chronic loneliness can be a sad, and sometimes dangerous condition.101.How would you treat temporary loneliness according to the passage?A. Talk to friendsB. Just ignore itC. Go to see a doctorD. Ask your teachers for guidance102."It" in the last sentence of the second paragraph refers to _____.A. temporary lonelinessB. situational lonelinessC. a new placeD sleeplessness103.The topic of the 4th paragraph is that____.A. one problem of loneliness is a person's social contactsB. we depend on various person for different reasonsC. lonely people don't have many social problemsD. lonely people don't have many friends104. Why do psychologists want to help chronically lonely people?A. Chronic loneliness can cause family problemsB. Chronic loneliness can cause serious illnessC. Chronic loneliness can not be overcomeD. A, B and C are all correct105 What is the best title for the passage?A. Three Kinds of LonelinessB. Loneliness and DiseasesC. Loneliness and Social ContactsD. Chronic LonelinessI. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given in the brackets.1. 让我们利用这次长假去香港旅游。

2000年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试物理（上海卷）考生注意：1．全卷共8页，24题，在120分钟内完成。

2．第21、22、23、24题要求写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤，只写出最后答案，而未写出主要演算过程的，不能得分，有数字计算的问题，答案中必须明确写出数值和单位。

一、（50分）选择题，本大题共10小题，每小题5分，每小题给出的四个答案中，至少有一个是正确的，把正确的答案全选出来，并将正确答案前面的字母填写在题后的方括号内，每一小题全选对的得5分；选对但不全的，得部分分；有选错或不答的，得0分，填写在方括号外的字母，不作为选出的答案。

【00上海】1．下列关于光的说法中正确的是（A ）在真空中红光波长比紫光波长短。

（B ）红光光子能量比紫光光子能量小。

（C ）红光和紫光相遇时能产生干涉现象（D ）红光照射某金属时有电子向外发射，紫光照射该金属时一定也有电子向外发射。

[ ]【00上海】2．关于α、β、γ三种射线，下列说法中正确的是（A ）α射线是原子核自发放射出的氦核，它的穿透能力最强。

（B ）β射线是原子核外电子电离形成的电子流，它具有中等的穿透能力。

（C ）γ射线一般们随着α或β射线产生，它的穿透能力量强。

（D ）γ射线是电磁波，它的穿透能力最弱。

[ ]【00上海】3．一小球用轻绳悬挂在某固定点，现将轻绳水平拉直，然后由静止开始释放小球，考虑小球由静止开始运动到最低位置的过程。

（A ）小球在水平方向的速度逐渐增大。

（B ）小球在竖直方向的速度逐渐增大。

（C ）到达最低位置时小球线速度最大。

（D ）到达最低位置时绳中的位力等于小球重力。

[ ]【00上海】4．如图所示，两根平行放置的长直导线a 和b 载有大小相同方向相反的电流，a 受到的磁场力大小为1F ，当加入一与导线所在平面垂直的匀强磁场后，a 受到的磁场力大小变为2F ，则此时b 受到的磁场力大小变为（A ）2F ， （B ）21F F -， （C ）21F F + （D ）212F F -[ ]【00上海】5．行驶中的汽车制动后滑行一段距离，最后停下；流星在夜空中坠落并发出明亮的光焰；降落伞在空中匀速下降；条形磁铁在下落过程中穿过闭合线圈，线圈中产生电流，上述不同现象中所包含的相同的物理过程是（A ）物体克服阻力做功。

2000年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海 化学试卷第Ⅰ卷 （共66分）考生注意:第Ⅰ卷分三大题（第1-23小题），由机器阅郑，答案必须全部涂写在答题纸上，填涂时用2B 铅笔将选中项涂满涂黑。

注意试题题号和答题纸上编号一一对应，答案需要更改时，用塑料橡皮擦除干净。

相对原子质量 H-1 B-11 C-12 N-14 O-16 Na-23 Mg-24 Cl-35.5 Cu-64 Zn-65 Br-80 Ag-108选择题（本题共16分），每小题2分，只有一个正确行项，答案涂写在答题纸上。

1. 人体内所必需的下列元素中，因摄入量不足而导致骨质疏松的是(A)K (B)Ca (C)Na (D)Fe 2. 下列物质属于原子晶体的化合物是(A)金刚石 (B)刚玉 (C)二氧化硅 (D)干冰据报道，某些建筑材料会产生放射性同位素氡Rn 22286,从而对人体产生伤害，该同位素原子的中子数和质子数之差是(A)136 (B)50 (C)86 (D)2224. 下列物质中，不属于合金的是(A) 硬铝 （B ）黄铜 (C) 钢铁 （D ）水银用特殊方法把固体物质加工到纳米级（1-100nm,1nm=10-9m ）的超细粉末粒子，然后制得纳米材料。

下列分散系中的分散质的微粒直径和这种粒子具有相同数量级的是A.溶液 B.悬浊液 C.胶体 D.乳浊液6. 具有下列电子排布式的原子中，半径最大的是A.ls 22s 22p 63s 23p ?B.1s 22s 22p 3C.1s 22s 2sp 2D.1s 22s 22p 63s 23p 47. 下列物质的水溶液能导电，但属于非电解质的是A.CH 3CH 2COOHB.Cl 2C.NH 4HCO 3D.SO 2随着人们生活质量的不断提高，废电池必须进行集中处理的问题被提到议事日程，其首要原因是A ． 利用电池外壳的金属材料B ． 防止电池中汞、镉和铅等重金属离子对土壤和水源的污染C ． 不使电池中渗泄的电解液腐蚀其他物品D ． 回收其中石墨电极二、选择题（本题共30分），每小题3分，只有一个正确选项，答案涂写在答题纸上。

2000年上海市普通高等学校春季招生考试语文试卷一、阅读（80分）（一）阅读下文，完成1—5题。

（12分）（l）目前解决水的方法主要有：一是靠天，二是靠地下水，三是靠开渠引来河水，四是靠运水。

不过这几种办法都愈来愈跟不上发展的需要，无法从根本上解决问题。

于是人们开始想到向大海要水。

随着科学技术的发展，海水将成为解决沿海城市缺水的救星。

科学家们正面临两方面的问题：首先是海水的直接利用，其次是海水淡化问题。

目前这两方面的技术都有发展。

（2）什么地方可以直接利用海水呢？我们可以从工业、农业和生活三方面看。

在工业上，海水利用是比较成熟的。

世界上许多拥有海水资源的国家和地区，都大量采用海水替代淡水作冷却用水。

日本电力工业的冷却水几乎全部是海水，化学工业的冷却水近1／3是海水。

在美国，海水主要用作电力工业、石油化工、造纸行业的冷却水。

在农业方面，有一些农作物可用海水灌溉。

在生活方面，海水主要用于冲厕和消防。

香港用海水冲厕已有40年历史，目前冲厕用水的70％是海水。

根据国外工业城市的统计，如果冷却水中70％直接使用海水，冲厕用水中70％直接使用海水，则整个城市用水中有一半可用海水代替。

这是个惊人的比例。

（3）直接利用海水要解决什么问题？首先，城市的水道要分成淡水水道和海水水道。

海水水道要解决取水方式、预处理、防腐蚀和防海生物附着堵塞等问题。

经过多年的研究和实践，这些技术问题已不再成为海水直接利用的障碍。

（4）把海水转化为淡水，叫做海水淡化。

海水淡化愈来愈受到人们的重视，到目前为止，蒸馏法、电渗析法、反渗透法等都已达到工业生产的规模。

世界上严重缺水的一些富裕国家，如西亚石油输出国和欧美一些国家，已经确定将海水淡化作为取得淡水的重要途径。

到1989年底，全球已有7千多座海水淡化装备，总装机容量达到1300万立方米。

世界上海水淡化能力的55％分布在中东地区。

海水淡化已成为中东地区以及许多岛屿淡水供应的主要来源。

（5）海水淡化实际上是用能源换淡水，一般耗电较多，费用较高。

2000年上海市普通高等学校招生考试保送生综合能力测试第一部分（7题，共80分）一．（12分）阅读下列内容，回答问题：一位中国老太太喜气洋洋：辛苦一辈子，花了几十年的积蓄，今天终于住进了新买的产权房；一位美国老太太笑容满面：靠贷款买房住了几十年，现在终于还清了贷款，住房产权正式属于自己。

1．两位老太太的消费行为体现了共同的消费原则。

这个原则是什么？2．两位老太太的消费行为有什么不同？3．我国政府在推行货币分房的同时，还积极扩大银行信贷规模，促进住房的商品化。

住房消费的增长，必将带动相关行业的发展。

请用消费功能的有关知识作简要说明。

二．（12分）某学校将举办“历史名城——上海”为主题的小报竞赛。

4．如果你参加这次活动，除教材外还可以通过哪些途径收集相关资料？5．列举1840年至1949年发生在上海的、对全国有重大影响的事件四例（只需写出事件名称）。

6．这一时期，上海群英荟萃，许多人在此为上海或为全国作出了杰出的贡献。

请用50字左右介绍其中一位（应包括其所处时代、主要贡献和你的评价）。

三．（11分）不同国家和地区由于自然环境和经济发展水平的差异，产生的问题不同，采取的对策也不同。

7．当前人口、资源和环境是世界普遍关注的三大问题。

请阅读表格中资料（1991年）回答问题。

发达国家发展中国家自然增长率（%）0.5 2.4少年儿童人口比重（%）21.0 39.0老年人口比重（%）12.0 4.0①发达国家的人口问题主要是可采取的对策是②发展中国家的人口问题主要是可采取的对策是8．地震是突发性很强的自然灾害，大地震可造成严重的人员伤亡和财产损失，防震减灾已引起国家和社会的高度重视。

1950年西藏察隅地区发生8.6级地震，造成3千多人死亡，数千元经济损失；1975年辽宁海城地区发生7.3级地震，造成2千多人死亡，达9亿多元经济损失；1976年河北唐山地区发生7.8级地震，造成24万多人死亡，近100亿元经济损失。

2002年普通高校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）综合能力测试试卷（理科使用）第Ⅰ卷一、选择题四．改革开放以来，我国人民生活水平和生活质量有了较大的改善，电冰箱、空调机、电视机等家用电器得到了普遍使用。

10．下列有关各种家用电器性能的判断中，正确的是A 空调机和电风扇都可以降低室温B 微波炉产生的微波是波长很短的机械波C 电视机和收音机都能接收电磁波D 电冰箱的耗电量夏天与冬天一样多11．下面列出了不同品牌的电视机、电风扇、空调机和电冰箱铭牌上的主要项目，试判断正常工作时，其中功率最大的是12．根据上题铭牌上提供的信息，判断在12小时内正常使用的电冰箱与连续运转的电风扇消耗电能的情况是A 电冰箱比电风扇多B 电风扇比电冰箱多C 电风扇与电冰箱一样多D 电冰箱比电风扇可能多，也可能少13．如果收音机不能正常工作，需要判断干电池是否已经报废，可取出一节干电池用多用表来测量它的电动势，下列步骤中正确的是①把多用表的选择开关置于交流500V档或置于OFF档②把多用表的红表笔和干电池的负极接触，黑表笔与正极接触③把多用表的红表笔和干电池的正极接触，黑表笔与负极接触④在表盘上读出电压值⑤把多用表的选择开关置于直流25V档⑥把多用表的选择开关置于直流5V档A ⑤③④①B ②⑤①④C ⑥③④①D ⑥②④①五．右图是上海锦江乐园新建的“摩天转轮”，它的直径达98米；世界排名第五。

游人乘坐时，转轮始终不停地匀速转动，每转一周用时25分钟，每个箱轿共有6个座位。

14．试判断下列说法中正确的是A 每时每刻，每个人受到的合力都不等于零B 每个乘客都在做加速度为零的匀速运动C 乘客在乘坐过程中对座位的压力始终不变D 乘客在乘坐过程中的机械能始终保持不变15．从图上可以估算出“摩天转轮”座位总数为A 300座B 336座C 378座D 408座第Ⅱ卷十．（本题共12分）四十四年了，经过几代人的努力，中国人终于在五里河体育场喊出“世界杯，我们来了！”30．足球守门员在发球门球时，将一个静止的质量为0.4kg的足球，以10m/s的速度踢出，这时足球获得的动能是J。

复旦大学2000年保送生招生测试数学试题（理科）一、填空题（每小题10分，共60分）1．将自然数按顺序分组：第一组含一个数，第二组含二个数，第三组含三个数，……，第n 组含n 个数，即1；2，3；4，5，6；……．令a n 为第n 组数之和，则a n ＝________________． 2．222sin sin ()sin ()33ππααα+++-＝______________．3．222lim[(2)log (2)2(1)log (1)log ]n n n n n n n →∞++-+++＝_________________． 4．已知平行六面体的底面是一个菱形且其锐角等于60度，又过此锐角的侧棱与锐角两边成等角，和底面成60度角，则两对角面面积之比为__________________．5．正实数x ,y 满足关系式x 2-xy +4＝0，又若x ≤1，则y 的最小值为_____________．6．一列火车长500米以匀速在直线轨道上前进，当车尾经过某站台时，有人驾驶摩托车从站台追赶火车给火车司机送上急件，然后原速返回，返回中与车尾相遇时，此人发现这时正在离站台1000米处，假设摩托车车速不变，则摩托车从出发到站台共行驶了______________米．二、解答题（每小题15分，共90分）1．数列{a n }适合递推式a n +1＝3a n +4，又a 1＝1，求数列前n 项和S n ．2．求证：从椭圆焦点出发的光线经光洁的椭圆壁反射后必经过另一个焦点．你还知道其它圆锥曲线的光学性质吗？请叙述但不必证明．3．正六棱锥的高等于h ，相邻侧面的两面角等于12arcsin2，求该棱锥的体积．(1cos124π=)4．设z 1,z 2,z 3,z 4是复平面上单位圆上的四点，若z 1+z 2+z 3+z 4=0．求证：这四个点组成一个矩形．5．设(1n n n x y +=+x n ,y n 为整数，求n →∞时，n n x y 的极限．6．设平面上有三个点，任意二个点之间的距离不超过1．问：半径至少为多大的圆盘才能盖住这三个点．请证明你的结论．。

2000年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）英语试卷试卷题解考生注意：1.笔试部分共16页，分第I卷（第21题-第105题）和第II卷。

考试时间为120分钟。

2.笔试部分（第21题-第105题）的答案必须涂在同一张答题纸上，从序号21开始。

每一小题只有一个正确答案，考生应将代表该答案的小方格涂黑。

注意试题题号和答题纸编号一一对应，不能错位。

答案需要更改时，只要将原选项用塑料橡皮擦去，重新选择即可。

答案不能写在试卷上，如写在试卷上一律不给分。

3.本试卷分为第I卷（第1-12页）和第II卷（第13-16页）两部分，全卷共6页。

第II卷（共45分）4.第II卷共两大题，请考生用钢笔或圆珠笔将答案直接写在试卷上。

5.答卷前将密封线内的项目填写清楚。

第I卷（五大题，共135分）一、听力部分（第1——第20题，共30分。

考试时间为30分钟。

）I. Listening ComprehensionPart A Short ConversationsDirections: In Part A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each question, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers in your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. About 60. B. About 50.C. About 30.D. About 25.2. A. Her health. B. The class she missed.C. The coming examination.D. The difficult lessons.3. A. Making an appointment. B. Deciding what to do.C. Checking the time.D. Going to class.4. A. She wants him to stay longer. B. She wishes he had left sooner.C. She knows he must go soon.D. She wants him to go now.5. A. Mother and child. B. Manager and customer.C. Teacher and student.D. Boss and clerk.6. A. Mother and father. B. Teacher and student.C. Two friends.D. Parent and child.7. A. She wonders why they can’t go for a walk.B. She doesn’t want to go for a walk in the park.C. She doesn’t want to go out with the man.D. She thinks it’s a good idea.8. A. In the morning. B. At an early age.C. Half an hour ago.D. At six o’clock.9. A. In a park. B. In a museum.C. In a zoo.D. In a pet store.10. A. Because of the size. B. Because of the colour.C. Because of the material.D.Because of the style.Part B Longer ConversationsDirections: In Part B you will hear two longer conversations. After each conversation you will be asked two questions. The conversations will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 and 12 are based on the following conversation11. A. She can fix the loose connector.B. She’s annoyed by a strange noise.C. She doesn’t like the screen.D. Her computer doesn’t work.12. A. The man is goi ng over to the woman’s place.B. The problem is solved.C. The man doesn’t know what’s wrong with the computer.D. The computer is completely broken.Questions 13 and 14 are based on the following conversation.13. A. A reporter. B. A school teacher.C. A traveler.D. A musician.14. A. To give more concerts. B. TO travel abroad.C. To run a special school.D. To perform more beautifully.Part C PassagesDirections: In Pat C, you will hear two short passages and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the fourpossible answers in your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 15 through 17 are based on the following passage15. A. She caught a butterfly.B. She set a butterfly free.C. She saw a butterfly flying away.D. She changed a butterfly into a fairy.16. A. Letter her have any wish she would like.B. Letting her go anywhere she would like.C. Making her rich.D. Making her popular in the neighborhood.17. A. How to help others.B. The secret life of a young girl.C. The true meaning of happiness.D. Beauty brings happiness.Questions 18 through 20 are based on the following passage.18. A. Nurse. B. Doctors.C. Patients.D. Visitors.19. A. Having soft drinks.B. Listening to the hospital radio.C. Smoking in certain areas.D. Visiting patients in the morning.20. A. A music programme. B. A medical report.C. Hospital rules.D. A talk show.That’s the end of Listening ComprehensionII. GrammarDirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.21 The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, ___?A. did theyB. didn't theyC. did itD. didn't it22. They are not very good, but we like___.A. anyway to play basketball with themB. to play basketball with them anywayC. to play with them basketball anywayD. with them to play basketball anyway23. My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he ___ your lecture.A. couldn't have attendedB. needn't have attendedC. mustn't have attendedD. shouldn't have attended24. My uncle ___ until he was forty-five.A. marriedB. didn't marriedC. was not marryingD. would marry25. Not a single song ___ at yesterday's party.A. she sangB. sang sheC. did she singD. she did sing26. ___ of the land in that district ___ covered with trees and grass.A. Two fifth … isB. Two fifth … areC. Two fifths … isD. Two fifths … are27. ___ she couldn't understand was ___ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A. What … whyB. That … whatC. What … becauseD. Why … that28. Recently I bought an ancient vase, ___ was very reasonable.A. which priceB. the price of whichC. its priceD. the price of those29. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ___.A. who is heB. who he isC. who is itD. who it is30. She found her calculator ___ she lost it.A. whereB. whenC. in whichD. that31. He sent me an e-mail, ___ to get further information.A. hopedB. hopingC. to hope D hope32. I know nothing about the young lady ___ she is from Beijing.A. exceptB. except forC. except thatD. besides33. What he has down is far from ___.A. satisfactoryB. satisfiedC. satisfaction D satisfy34. You're standing too near the camera. Can you move ___?A. a bit farB. a little fartherC. a bit of fartherD. a little far35. Greenland, ___ island in the world, covers over two million square kilometres.A. it is the largestB. that is the largestC. is the largestD. the largest36. If only he ___ quietly as the doctor instructed, he wouldn't suffer so much now.A. liesB. layC. had lainD. shouldn't lie37. in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.A. Being foundedB. It was foundedC. FoundedD. Founding38. An awful accident ___, however, occur the other day.A. doesB. didC. has toD. had to39. The ___ boy was last seen ___ near the East Lake.A. missing … playingB. missing … playC. missed … playedD. missed … to play40. Tony was very unhappy for ___ to the party.A. having not been invitedB. not having invitedC having not invited D. not having been invited41 --- Shall I help you with that suitcase?--- ___.A. It's all right, thanks.B. Yes, go ahead please.C. I don't want to trouble you too much.D. No, please don't do it.42 --- You've given us a wonderful Chinese dinner, Mrs. Wang.--- ____.A. Oh, I'm afraid I didn't cook very well.B. I'm glad you enjoyed itC. Come again when you are free.D. it's not necessary for you to say so43 ---do you mind if I keep pets in this building?---____.A. I'd rather you didn't, actually.B. Of course not, it's not allowed there.C. Great! I love pets.D. No, you can't.44---I don't have any change with me. Will you pay the fare for me?---____.A. That's fineB. Nothing seriousC. Never mindD. No problem45 ---I didn't know this was a one-way street, officer.---____.A. That's all rightB. I don't believe youC. How dare you say thatD. Sorry, but that's no excuseIII. VocabularyDirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.46. The lion is considered the king of the forest as it is a(n)____ of courage and power.A. exampleB. signC. markD. symbol47. We volunteered to collect money to help the ____ of the earthquake.A. victimsB. folksC. fellowsD. villagers48 If you don't take away all your things from the desk, there won't be enough____for my stationery.A. areaB. placeC. roomD. surface49. It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to ____.A. rewardB. prizesC. awardsD. results50. I wrote him a letter to show my____ of his thoughtfulness.A. achievementB. agreementC. attentionD. appreciation51 One of the advantages of living on the top of the floor of a highrise is that you can get a good ___.A. sightB. sceneC. viewD. look52. ---Excuse me, may I ask you some questions?---Sorry, I'm too busy and haven't a minute to ____.A. spendB. spareC. shareD. stop53. Although the working mother is very busy, she still____ a lot of time to her children.A. devotesB. spendsC. offersD. provides54. When I opened the door, a parcel on the floor ____my eye.A. metB. caughtC. drewD. attracted55. After the president made an official announcement, she expressed her____opinion.A. personalB. privateC. singleD. individual56. Alice laid her baby on the sofa____ and wrapped it with a blanket.A. silentlyB. tenderlyC. friendlyD. comfortably57. Fred is second to none in maths in our class, but believe it or not, he ____passed the last exam.A. easilyB. hardlyC. actuallyD. successfully58. Our bodies are strengthened by taking exercises. _____, our minds are developed by learning.A. ProbablyB. LikelyC. SimilarlyD. Generally59. He holds an important position in that company; ______, I don't quite trust him.A. ThusB. FurthermoreC. OtherwiseD. Nevertheless60.If you had _____your test paper carefully before handing it in, you would have made fewer mistakes.A. looked upB. thought aboutC. gone overD. gone round IV. ClozeDirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.(A)Bedtime stories are one of the delights of early childhood. But according to Dr. Julie Spreadbury from Queensland University, parent should not _61__ up reading to their children_62__they enter primary school. She says listening to, reading and discussing the stories help children's_63_."My_64__ indicates that once children can read themselves, most parent stop reading_65__them," Dr. Spreadbury says."_66__may be at the end of year 1,which is far too_67__."Dr. Spreadbury says _68_reading not only gives children a good start at school. But brings parents and children closer."This makes it _69__for them to open up and talk to parents about things that worrying them, or things they are _70__ in their everyday life."61. A. speed B. keep C. give D. hold62. A. after B. until C. if D. unless63. A. thinking B. comprehension C. relaxation D. development64. A. theory B. research C. story D. decision65. A. about B. from C. to D. through66. A. Some B. Most C. They D. That67. A. difficult B. early C. much D. informal68. A. daily B. healthy C. fast D. bedtime69. A. easier B. funnier C. rarer D. clearer70. A. reading B. promising C. celebrating D. receiving(B)Chinese scientists are again becoming excited about the fact that a large hairy animal may live in central China. Now they hope it won't be too long before they are able to _71_its existence. Their confidence is the _72_of a new discovery of the mystery animal in Hubei Province.Ten Chinese _73__, enjoying a holiday in a National Forest Park, were driving down a road. As their bus turned a corner, the men were suddenly _74_by what they saw. Three_75_animals, covered with long black hair, were crossing the road. On seeing the animal, the engineers immediately stopped and _76_them. _77_, when they saw how the animals moved through the forest with great_78_ and strength, they did not dare to follow any further.The men did not take any _79_. However, scientists are_80_ by the discovery, because the engineers were all very educated people and scientists feel they can _81_What they described.After the discovery, scientists returned to the forest and_82_some hair and measured footprints. About 20 inches appears to be the animal's foot！ Chinese scientists have now set up a special group to exchange information and make a_83_of the forest. But in the meantime, some people_84_to believe that this half-man, half-monkey exists. They will not believe that it is _85_until one of the animals have been caught.71. A. prove B. analyze C. protect D. check72. A. basis B. requirement C. result D. preparation73. A. travellers B. engineers C. scientists D. explorers74. A. frightened B. amazed C. upset D. inspired75. A. trained B. projected C. tall D. violent76. A. shot at B. looked at C. fought with D. ran after77. A. However B. Indeed C. Meanwhile D. Anyway78. A. difficult B. speed C. care D. pleasure79. A. bullets B. tools C. medicines D. photographs80. A. surprised B. delighted C. disturbed D. supported81. A. rely on B. deal with C. write down D. pass on82. A. cut B. pulled C. collected D. tore83. A. film B. tour C. choice D. study84. A. come B. refuse C. prefer D. have85. A. wrong B. alive C. real D. correctIV. Reading ComprehensionDirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)The famous director of a big and expensive movie planned to film a beautiful sunset over the ocean, so that the audiences could see his hero and heroine in front of it at the end of the film as they said goodbye to each other for ever. He sent camera crew out one evening to film the sunset for him.The next morning he said to the men, "Have you provided me with that sunset? ""No, Sir," the men answered.The director was angry. "Why not? " he asked."Well, Sir, " one of the men answered, "we are on the east coast here, and the sun sets in the west. We can get you a sunrise over the sea, if necessary, but not a sunset.""But I want a sunset!" the director shouted. "Go to the airport, take the next flight to the west coast, and get one. "But then a young secretary had an idea. "Why don't you photograph a sunrise, " she suggested, "and then play it backwards? Then it'll look like a sunset." "That's a very good idea! " the director said. Then he turned to the camera crew and said, "Tomorrow morning I want you to get me a beautiful sunrise over the sea. "The camera crew went out early the next morning and filmed a bright sunrise over the beach in the middle of a beautiful bay（海湾）. Then at nine o'clock they took it to the director. "Here it is, Sir, " they said, and give it to him. He was very pleased.They all went into the studio（摄影棚）. "All right, " the director explained, "now our hero and heroine are going to say goodbye. Run the film backwards so that we can see the 'sunset' behind them. "The "sunset" began, but after a quarter of a minute, the director suddenly put his face in his hands and shouted to the camera crew to stop.The birds in the file were flying backwards, and the waves on the sea were going away from the beach.86.One evening, the director sent his camera crew out____.A. to watch a beautiful sunsetB. to find an actor and an actressC. to film a scene on the seaD. to meet the audience87.Why did the director want to send his crew to the west coast?A. Because he changed his mind about getting a sunsetB. Because he was angry about his crewC. Because it was his secretary's suggestion.D. Because he wanted to get a scene of sunset88.Which of the following is NOT true?A. The crew had to follow the secretary's advice.B. If you want to see a sunrise, the east coast is a place to go.C. The camera crew wasn't able to film the scene the first dayD. The director ordered his crew to stop filming the "sunset"89 The director wanted to film a sunset over the ocean because_____.A. it went well with the separation of the hero and heroineB. when they arrived at the beach it was already in the eveningC. it was more moving than a sunriseD. the ocean looked more beautiful at sunset90.After the "sunset" began, the director suddenly put his face in his hands____.A. because he was moved to tearsB. as he saw everything in the film moving backwardsC. as the sunrise did not look as beautiful as he had imaginedD. because he was disappointed with the performance of the hero and the heroine (B)I came to study in the United States a year ago. Yet I did not know the American society until I was injured in a car accident because after the accident I had to see a doctor-and go to court（法庭）.After the accident, my roommate called a doctor for me. I was very grateful and determined to repay him one day. But the next day, he asked me to pay him $200 for what he had done. I was astonished. He had good reason to charge me, he said. And if I wanted to collect money from the person who was responsible for my injury, I'd have to have a good lawyer. Now that he had helped me to find a good doctor, it was only fair that I should pay him.But every time I went to see the doctor, I had to wait about 50 minutes. He would see two or three patients at the same time, and often stop treating one so as to see another. Yet he charged me $115 each time. The final examination report consisted of ten lines, and it cost me $215.My lawyer was all smiles the first time we met. But after that he avoided seeing me at all. he knew very well the other party was responsible for the accident, yet he hardly did anything. He simply waited to collect his money. He was so irresponsible that I decided to dismiss（解雇）him. And he made me pay him $770. Now I had to act as my own lawyer. Due to my inexperience, I told the insurance the date I was leaving America. Knowing that, they played for time, … and I left without getting a cent.My experiences taught me two things about America: firstly, in a country like America money is everything. It is more important than friendship honour or professional morality（职业道德）. Secondly, foreigners are still being unfairly treated. So when we talk about America, we should see both its good and bad sides.91.The author's roommate offered to help him because_____.A. he felt sorry for the authorB. he thought it was a chance to make some moneyC. he knew the doctor was a very good oneD. he wanted the author to have a good lawyer92. A good doctor is essential for the author to____.A. be properly treatedB. talk with the person responsible for the accidentC. recover before he leaves AmericaD. eventually get the responsible party to pay for his injury93.The word " charge " in the passage means____.A. be responsibleB. accuseC. ask as a priceD. claim94.both the doctor and the lawyer in this passage are very___.A. friendlyB. greedyC. professionalD. busy95.What conclusion can you draw from this story?A. Going to court is something every common in AmericaB. One must be very careful while driving a carC. There are more bad sides in America than good sidesD. Money is more important than other things in the US(C)Laptop（便携式）computers are popular all over the world. People use them on trains and airplanes, in airports and hotels. These laptop connect people to their work place. In the United States today, laptops also connect students to their classrooms.Westlake College in Virginia will start a laptop computer program that allows students to do school work anywhere they want. Within five years, each of the 1,500 students at the college will receive a laptop. The laptops are a part of a $10million computer program at Westlake, a 110-year old college. The students with laptops will also have access to the Internet. In addition, they will be able to use e-mail to "speak" with their tethers, their classmates, and their families. However, the most important part of the laptop program is that students will be able to use computers without going to computer labs. They can work with it at home, in a fast-food restaurant or under thetrees-anywhere at all!Because of the many changes in computer technology, laptop use in higher education, such as colleges and universities, is workable. As laptops become more powerful, they become more similar to desktop computers. In addition, the portable computers can connect students to not only Internet, but also libraries and other resources. State higher-education officials are studying how laptops can help students. State Officials also are testing laptop programs at other universities, too.At Westlake College, more than 60 percent of the staff use the computers. The laptops will allow all teachers to use computers in their lessons. As one Westlake teacher said, "Here we are in the middle of Virginia and we're giving students a window on the world. They can see everything and do everything. "96 The main purpose of the laptop program is to give each student a laptop to____.A. use for their schoolworkB. access the InternetC. work at homeD. connect them to libraries97 Why is the word "speak" in the second paragraph in quotation mark?A. They don't really talkB. They use the computer languageC. Laptops have speakersD. None of the above reasons is correct98 Which of the following is true about Westlake College?A. All teachers use computersB. 1,500 students have laptopsC. It is an old college in AmericaD. Students there can do everything99. A window on the world in the last paragraph means that students can____.A. attend lectures on information technologyB. travel around the worldC. get information from around the worldD. have free laptops100. What can we infer（推断）passage?A. The program is successfulB. The program is not workableC. The program is too expensiveD. We don't know the result yet(D)Most people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. This kind of loneliness is not serious. In fact, it is quite normal. For some people, though, loneliness can last for yeas. Now researchers say there are three different types of loneliness.The first kind of loneliness is temporary（暂时的）. This is the most common type. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention. The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation-for example, family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year. The third kind of loneliness is the most severe. Unlike the second type, chronic （长期的）usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who experience habitual loneliness have problems socializing and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition.Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person's social contacts, e.g. friends, family members, co-workers, etc. we depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our families give us emotional support, our parents and teachers give us guidance, and our friends share similar interests and activities. However, psychologists have found that, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes feel they should have more. They question their popularity.Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons: they are unhappy and unable to socialize and there is a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness such as heart disease. While temporary and situational loneliness can be normal, healthy part of life, chronic loneliness can be a sad, and sometimes dangerous condition.101.How would you treat temporary loneliness according to the passage?A. Talk to friendsB. Just ignore itC. Go to see a doctorD. Ask your teachers for guidance 102."It" in the last sentence of the second paragraph refers to _____.A. temporary lonelinessB. situational lonelinessC. a new placeD sleeplessness103.The topic of the 4th paragraph is that____.A. one problem of loneliness is a person's social contactsB. we depend on various person for different reasonsC. lonely people don't have many social problemsD. lonely people don't have many friends104. Why do psychologists want to help chronically lonely people?A. Chronic loneliness can cause family problemsB. Chronic loneliness can cause serious illnessC. Chronic loneliness can not be overcomeD. A, B and C are all correct105 What is the best title for the passage?A. Three Kinds of LonelinessB. Loneliness and DiseasesC. Loneliness and Social ContactsD. Chronic LonelinessI. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given in the brackets.1. 让我们利用这次长假去香港旅游。

2000年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）数学（文史类）考生注意：本试卷共有22道试题，满分150分。

一、填空题（本大题满分48分）本大题共有12题，只要求直接填写结果，每个空格填对得4分，否则一律得零分。

（1）已知向量{}12-=OA 、{}m OB ,3=，若AB OA ⊥，则=m 。

（2）函数xx y --=312log 2的定义域为 。

（3）圆锥曲线1916)1(22=--y x 的焦点坐标是 。

（4）计算：=+∞→n n n n )2(lim 。

（5）已知b x f x +=2)(的反函数为)(1x f -，若)(1x f y -=的图象经过点)2,5(Q ，则=b 。

（6）根据上海市人大十一届三次会议上的市政府工作报告，1999年上海市完成GDP （GDP是指国内生产总值）4035亿元，2000年上海市GDP 预期增长9%，市委、市府提出本市常住人口每年的自然增长率将控制在0.08%，若GDP 与人口均按这样的速度增长，则要使本市年人均GDP 达到或超过1999年的2倍，至少需 年。

（按：1999年本市常住人口总数约1300万）（7）命题A ：底面为正三角形，且顶点在底面的射影为底面中心的三棱锥是正三棱锥，命题A 的等价命题B 可以是：底面为正三角形，且 的三棱锥是正三棱锥。

（8）设函数)(x f v =是最小正周期为2的偶函数，它在区间[0，1]上的图象为 如图所示的线段AB ，则在区间[1，2]上，)(x f = 。

（9）在二项式11)1(-x 的展开式中，系数是小的项的系数为 。

（结果用数值表示）（10）有红、黄、蓝三种颜色的旗帜各3面，在每种颜色的3面旗帜上分别标上号码1、2和3，现任取出3面，它们的颜色与号码不相同的概率是 。

（11）图中阴影部分的点满足不等式组⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≥≥≤+≤+0,0625y x y x y x ，在这些点中，使目标函数y x k 86+=取得最大值的点的坐标是 。