初中英语时态语态总结
英语中一共有十六种时态，初中阶段主要学习和考到八种时态，主要包括一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时，现在完成时，过去将来时和过去完成时。
一、一般现在时
1.用法:
1）表示现阶段经常性，习惯性的动作或存在的状态、特征或客观真理。常用的时间状语有often ，usually ，sometimes ，always ，every day ，never ，in the morning，every week/day 等。
e.g. I get up at six every morning. （经常性动作）
He plays tennis once a week. （习惯性动作）
The sun rises in the east. （客观真理）
My mother is a teacher. She teaches English in a school. （现在的状态）
2) 在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。
e.g. If you don’t go soon, you’ll be late.
3) begin, come., go, leave, start, stop 等动词常用一般现在时表示按计划、规定将要发生的事情。
e.g. Class begins at eight in the morning.
2.构成：
1）主语是I, we, you, they和名词复数时作谓语的行为动词用原形。主语是he, she , it和名词单数时，动词使用第三人称单数。
2）主语为第三人称和名词单数时：
肯定式:S+V/动词的第三人称单数
否定式:S+ don't/doesn't +V+其他
疑问式:Do/Does+S+V+其他
简略回答:(肯)Yes,S+do/does
(否)No,S+do/does not
3）当主语是第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数时：
肯定式: S + be +···
否定式: S+ be +not + ···
疑问式: Am /Is /Are + S+ ···?
简略回答: (肯) Yes,S + be.
(否) No,S + be.
真题：
1.——Can your father drive? (08 武汉)
——Yes, and he usually to school.
A drove
B is driving
C drives
D has driven
2.If I find his phone number, I you. (09 北京)
A tell
B told
C will tell
D have told
3. The teacher told the students that the earth round, not flat. (08 天津)
A is
B was
C has been
D is being
二、一般过去时
1. 表示过去某段时间发生的事，存在的状态或过去反复发生的动作时用一般过去时。常用于一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday，three months ago，last year，in 1979等。
2. 用法：
1）过去发生的动作。
e.g. The police stopped me on my way home last night.
2）过去存在的状态。
e.g. They weren't able to come because they were so busy.
3）be used to doing 表示过去常常做某事。也是一般过去时的标记。
e.g. She was used to feeding the cats in the yard.
3. 构成：
S+V-ed
1）用动词的过去式。作谓语的行为动词的词尾变化如下：
2）一般过去时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以be和like为例）：
真题：
1. Yesterday，Tony’s family a good time. (08 泸州)
A has
B have
C had
2. We were in Qingdao last week and great fun there. (08 北京)
A will have
B have had
C had
D have
3. My grandmother us stories when I was young. ( 09 锦州)
A was used to tell
B is used to telling
C are used to tell
D was used to telling
三、一般将来时
1.用法：表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用于一般将来时的时间状语：tomorrow，next week，in 2008等。
1）将要发生的动作。
e.g. I will leave for Beijing tomorrow.
2）将要存在的状态。
e.g. This time next year I will be in Japan. Where will you be?
3）打算要做的事。
e.g. Are you going to watch the film on television tonight?
4）come，go, start, move, sail 等动词常用进行时态表示按计划将要发生的事。
e.g. The whole family is going for two months.
5) 在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。
e.g. If you don’t go soon, you’ll be late.
2.构成：
1）助动词will(shall)+v
2）be +going to +v
3.will 和be going to 的区别：
1）表示带意愿色彩的将来用will。
e.g. I will stay with you in the future.
2) 询问对方是否愿意或表示客气的邀请和命令时用will。
e.g. Will you go to the park with me?
Will you please open the door?
3) 表示客观的将来，用will。
e.g. I will be 22 years old next year.
4) be going to常用于口语中用来表示即将发生的动作或存在的状态。
e.g. We’re going to help some farmers with their work.
5) 表示打算或准备要做的事用be going to
e.g. She’s going to leave at 10 o’clock tomorrow.
6) 根据某种迹象判断可能要发生的事用be going to。
e.g. Look at the clouds. It’s going to rain.
真题：
1.——Why are you in such a hurry, Mike? ( 09 福州)
——There an NBA basketball game in ten minutes.
A will have
B will be
C is going to have
D are going to be
