初三英语下学期中考英语阅读理解训练单元易错题难题提优专项训练试卷
一、中考英语阅读理解训练
1．阅读理解
When our son Bradley was ten, the new bicycle he had received earlier that year was stolen. Owning a bicycle was a big deal to our children when they were little. They spent hours and hours, day after day, on their bicycles, riding up and down the footpath, and at the front of the house. We also rode together as a family a lot. Bicycling was a great way to get the kids out of the house and into the fresh air without spending any money.
Bradley had discovered that his bicycle had been stolen from our backyard in Campbell town, South Australia, when he and his sister went outside for a morning ride. He couldn't believe that someone would do this.
He got a large piece of cardboard, painted a sign begging for the bicycle to be returned, and tied the sign to the letterbox. The following morning, when I went out to collect the mail, I found a white envelope with the magical words," Buy yourself a new bicycle". There was a $100 banknote inside.
We were very touched that someone had the heart to do this. We've never been able to thank the person but we suspect（猜想）that it may have been one of our wonderful neighbors. Bradley painted a big" !" on the sign and we left it outside for a couple of weeks afterwards, hoping the kind stranger would drive down our street.
A delighted Bradley was able to buy a new bicycle. As the years went on, the bicycles became bigger and more expensive but remained just as important for those family bicycle rides. Now Bradley is 25. Sometimes I miss the days when receiving a bicycle was the best thing in the world to them.
All these years later we are still thankful for the stranger's kindness. We were a young family with three little children and it meant a lot to us. We still talk about it and, even now, wonder who the kind stranger was.
（1）According to the passage, Bradley often when he was a child.
A. made signs
B. rode a bike
C. took a walk
D. collected mails
（2）Which of the following is the best to fill in the blank in Paragraph 4？
A. Thank you
B. Come back
C. A new bicycle
D. A good boy
（3）From the action of the stranger, we can learn that .
A. love builds a warm family
B. a special memory lasts long
C. a kindness helps others a lot
D. happiness makes a better life
（4）The best title for the passage can be .
A. A Rich Stranger
B. A Bicycle for Bradley
C. A Thankful Mother
D. A Banknote for the Family
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】文章讲述了作者的小儿子的自行车被偷了，小男孩期待它能回来，于是写了一个牌子，第二天他们在信箱发现100元钱，让他自己买个新自行车，我们一直不知道这个好心的陌生人是谁，我们一直很感恩。
（1）推理题。根据They spent hours and hours, day after day, on their bicycles, riding up and down the footpath, and at the front of the house. We also rode together as a family a lot.可知Bradley小时候经常骑自行车，故选B。
（2）推理题。根据We've never been able to thank the person but we suspect（猜想）that it may have been one of our wonderful neighbors,和hoping the kind stranger would drive down our street.可知应是“谢谢您”，故选A。
（3）推理题。根据All these years later we are still thankful for the strangers kindness. We were a young family with three little children and it meant a lot to us.可知善举能帮助其他人很多，故选C。
（4）主旨题。根据文章讲述了作者的小儿子的自行车被偷了，小男孩期待它能回来，于是写了一个牌子，第二天他们在信箱发现100元钱，让他自己买个新自行车，我们一直不知道这个好心的陌生人是谁，我们一直很感恩，故表示应是A Bicycle for Bradley 布拉德利的自行车，故选B 。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文推断题主旨题，推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
2．阅读理解
Improve Your Learning Skills!
Want higher marks?
Have an important exam soon?
Come to the workshop and learn how to:
?Read faster
?Take better notes
?Improve your spelling
Wednesday, March 13, 3 pm-5 pm, Room 314
Bring a notebook, a dictionary, and a pencil.
See you there.
A. reading
B. grammar
C. speaking
D. pronunciation
（2）People need to stay in the workshop for ______.
A. one hour
B. two hours
C. three hours
D. four hours
（3）People should bring ______ if they go to the workshop.
A. a pen
B. a notebook
C. an English book
D. a computer
（2）B
（3）B
【解析】【分析】本文是关于如何提高英语的广告。
（1）细节题。根据 Read faster 可知在研讨会上可以提高阅读，故选A。
（2）细节题。根据 Wednesday, March 13, 3 pm-5 pm可知人们在研讨会上待2个小时，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据 Bring a notebook 看着需要带笔记本，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。
3．阅读理解
Vanuatu is an island nation in the South West Pacific. It is one of the smallest countries in the world. But for those who are interested in adventure and sports, there is a lot to do. Vanuatu's islands offer visitors two of the most exciting and dangerous activities in the world: volcano（火山） surfing and land diving.
Volcano Surfing On Tanna Island, Mount Yasur rises 361 metres into the sky. Yasur is an active volcano, and it erupts（爆发） almost every day, sometimes several times a day. For centuries, people have climbed this mountain to visit the top. Recently, people have also started climbing Yasur to surf the volcano. In some ways, volcano surfing is like surfing in the sea, but in other ways it's very different. Volcano surfers try to escape the erupting volcano-- without getting hit by flying rocks! It's fast, fun and dangerous- the perfect extreme sport（极限运动）.
Land Diving Most people are familiar with bungee jumping, but do you know bungee jumping started on Pentecost Island in Vanuatu and is almost fifteen centuries old? The activity, first called land diving, is part of a religious ceremony（宗教仪式）. A man ties tree vines（树藤） to his legs. He then jumps head- first from a high tower to touch the earth with the top of his head- without breaking the vine. Every spring, island natives （men only）still take part in this amazing activity.
（1）In the first paragraph, what does the underlined word refer to?
A. People.
B. Animals.
C. Activities.
D. Islands.
（2）According to the passage, Mount Yasur?
A. is no longer active
B. is on Pentecost Island
C. erupts almost every day
D. rises 800 metres into the sky
（3）Why have people recently started climbing Mount Yasur?
A. Because people can climb it easily.
B. Because people can make money.
C. Because people can watch snow on it.
D. Because people can surf the volcano.
（4）Which of the following about land diving is TRUE?
A. It is not dangerous at all.
B. It was first called "bungee jumping".
C. It is a traditional activity in Vanuatu.
D. It came to Vanuatu from another country.
（5）What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To tell people not to do dangerous sports.
B. To explain what volcano surfing and land diving are.
C. To talk about the world's best volcano surfer and land diver.
D. To compare activities in Vanuatu with sports in New Zealand.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）D
（4）C
（5）B
【解析】【分析】主要讲了瓦努阿图群岛为游客提供了世界上最激动人心和最危险的两项活动：火山冲浪和陆地潜水。
（1）细节题。根据句子定语从句who可知指的是人，可知对于对冒险和运动感兴趣的人来说，有许多事情可做，所以those指的是人，故选A。
（2）细节题。根据Mount Yasur rises 361 metres into the sky. Yasur is an active volcano, and it erupts（爆发） almost every day可知Mount Yasur几乎每天爆发，故选C。
（3）细节题。根据Recently, people have also started climbing Yasur to surf the volcano.最近，人们也开始攀登雅苏火山。故选D。
（4）细节题。根据Land Diving Most people are familiar with bungee jumping, but do you know bungee jumping started on Pentecost Island in Vanuatu and is almost fifteen centuries old?陆地跳水大多数人都熟悉蹦极跳，但你知道蹦极跳始于瓦努阿图的五重岛，几乎有十五世纪的历史吗？可知它是一种传统的活动，故选C。
（5）细节题。根据Vanuatu's islands offer visitors two of the most exciting and dangerous activities in the world: volcano（火山） surfing and land diving.可知主要讲了瓦努阿图群岛为游客提供了世界上最激动人心和最危险的两项活动：火山冲浪和陆地潜水，目的是介绍火山冲浪和陆地潜水是什么，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
4．阅读理解
To protect the environment, we are on the way. Here are a few things we can do.
Unwanted gifts? Give them away!
Have you ever received a gift that you didn't like? Did you throw it away? If so, you can have another choice now. Two British companies hopes people will give away their unwanted gifts to them. And they will resell the gifts to raise money for the poor. In this way, the gifts can be refused and have a future life. And people can make a difference to the world.
Wear the trousers that reduce（减少） pollution!
A chemistry scientist and a fashion designer（时装设计师）have created a new kind of trousers. The trousers are made of a new material which can help reduce air pollution around us. Scientists have tested the material. The result shows that it isn't harmful to human. This new kind of trousers may appear at the market in two years. Professor Ryan said, "If thousands of people wear the trousers, the air quality will be improved."
Plant trees with Felix
Felix Finkbeiner, a 14-year-old German boy, is not famous as a child actor but an environment hero. At the age of 9, Felix got the idea that children could do something to protect the environment. So he started a club. Felix soon got support from children all over the world. Some of them have become his good friends. The club has an aim of planting 212 million trees. They have planted over 3.5 million trees all around the world. Felix said, "The answer to controlling global （全球的） warming is trees-lots of trees!”
（1）The companies resell the unwanted gifts .
A. to make the unwanted gifts useful
B. to help people learn to think carefully
C. to save money from it
D. to make money for themselves
（2）The trousers mentioned in the passage .
A. have been created by a physics scientist and a fashion designer
B. can help make air pollution less
C. will do harm to people
D. will be popular in two years
（3）Felix started a club .
A. to become famous
B. to become a child actor
C. to protect the environment with other children
D. to make friends with the children around the world
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这篇短文主要介绍了人们为了保护环境而想出的三种方法。（1）细节理解题。根据 And they will resell the gifts to raise money for the poor. 可知这家公司回收礼品主要是为了从中为贫困人群募集资金，故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据 Wear the trousers that reduce（减少） pollution! 及下文描述，可知这种裤子有利于减少空气污染。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段At the age of 9, Felix got the idea that children could do something to protect the environment. So he started a club. Felix soon got support from children all over the world. 可知他建立这个俱乐部的主要目的就是为了和全球的孩子们在一起保护地球，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力，首先通读全文，掌握大意，然后根据问题在文章中找到依据，选出正确答案。
5．阅读理解
These days haze（雾霾）is around us here and there. In fact, everyone has the power to change their living habits to help reduce it. Many local governments call on their people to take action to make the air cleaner.
Transport is one of the biggest contributors（促成物） to haze. When, where, bow, why and what you drive all affect air quality. When one drives to work for one year, he uses as much energy as a bus rider uses in 10 years. So walk or ride your bicycle to work or school whenever possible. If it is necessary, you can use public transport instead of your car. Each person using public transport for a year instead of a car can save nearly a tonne of pollutants, including CO2, from going into the atmosphere.
Carpooling is another way to reduce carbon emissions （排放）. Carpooling is the sharing of car journeys so that more than one person travels in a car. It immediately reduces your car's emissions by half.
What you do inside your living space can have a big effect on the air quality outside it. You can do a lot of things inside and around your home that will help you pollute less and save some money.
A large amount of our energy supply comes from burning coal, another contributor to haze. By cutting down your electricity use, you are cutting down on haze. So you may try to reduce your use of electricity by turning off lights, using your air conditioner wisely during the summer months, or updating some of your electrical appliances to low-energy models. For example, you can use energy-saving lamps that require less energy and last 10 times longer than common bulbs.
（1）Which does the writer think should play an important role in reducing haze?
A. City cleaners.
B. Haze producers.
C. Local governments.
D. Common people.（2）We can infer（推断） from the passage that the writer thinks .
A. cars can be used only when people have to
B. cars should be given up as soon as possible
C. cars must be improved to reduce air pollution
D. cars may cause the most serious pollution of all
（3）We should reduce the use of electricity mainly because .
A. we can save a lot of money by using less energy
B. coal is now becoming rarer and rarer on our planet
C. harmful things come out while electricity is produced
D. electrical appliances send out something harmful to our air
（4）Which can be the best title for the passage?
A. What Are Causing Haze Around Us
B. What You Can Do to Reduce Haze
C. How Dangerous Haze Is to Our Life
D. How Important It Is to Reduce Haze
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要介绍了几种减少雾霾的方法，第一种为尽量使用公共交通工具外出，第二种为尽量拼车出行，第三种为减少电力的使用。
（1）细节题。结合第一段第二句 In fact, everyone has the power to change their living habits to help reduce it. 可知，每个人都有能力通过改变自己的生活习惯来减少雾霾。因此，作者
认为在减少雾霾上，普通人应该发挥重要作用，故选D。
（2）推断题。由第二段 So walk or ride your bicycle to work or school whenever possible. If it is necessary, you can use public transport instead of your car. 可知，尽可能步行或骑自行车，必要时乘坐公共交通工具也不要开车。因此作者认为仅当不得已的时候才应该才去开车，故选A。
（3）细节题。结合第五段第一句A large amount of our energy supply comes from burning coal, another contributor to haze. 可知，发电时，我们需要烧煤等，而这会释放出有害物质，进而污染空气。C项意为“当生产电力时会释放有害物质”，符合题意，故选C。
（4）主旨题。通读全文，文章主要介绍了几种减少雾霾的方法，第一种为尽量使用公共交通工具外出，第二种为尽量拼车出行，第三种为减少电力的使用。故文章主旨在于普通人可以做些什么、采取什么措施来减少雾霾，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力，首先通读全文，掌握大意，然后根据问题在文章中找到依据，选出正确答案，注意阅读方法的运用。
6．阅读理解
The word, "photography", was first used in 1839. It comes from the Greek words that mean "to write with light". But photography could only give people static pictures. So scientists were trying hard to find ways to make pictures that can move. They made lots of experiments, but failed again and again. It was Eadweard Muybridge who finally succeeded. He was the first photographer to try this successfully. But how did he make it? It was an interesting story.
Back in 1872, people didn't know exactly（确切地）whether all four of a horse's hooves （蹄）left the ground at the same time when it was running. A gentleman called Leland Stanford made a bet with his friend about it. Most people believed that a horse always had one hoof on the ground, or it would fall over. But Stanford didn't think so.
At that time, it was hard to know who could win the bet, because a horse's legs move so fast that it is impossible to tell just by looking. So they needed a way to record the movement of a running horse. Then Stanford offered $ 25,000 to the famous photographer, Muybridge, to help find the answer. In the beginning, Muybridge failed to get clear images, but he didn't give up. He continued to improve his cameras. In 1878, after many experiments, he managed to get a sequence（连续） of 12 photos. One of them clearly showed that all four of the horse's hooves were off the ground at the same time. And when the photos moved fast, people could see a horse running.
Though Edison is usually considered as the person who created the first movie in 1889, it was the work of Eadweard Muybridge and the bet that led to Edison's invention.
（1）The underlined word "static" in Paragraph 1 most probably means .
A. pretty
B. dark
C. moving
D. still
（2）What did Leland Stanford make a bet with his friend about?
A. Whose horse ran faster.
B. Whether a horse would fall over while running.
C. Whether it was possible for scientists to make moving pictures.
D. Whether a horse's hooves all left the ground at the same time while running.
（3）Muybridge finally found the exact answer to the bet in .
A. 1839
B. 1872
C. 1878
D. 1889
（4）The passage mainly tells us .
A. that Thomas Edison created the first movie
B. that Eadweard Muybridge created the first static pictures
C. how photography helped people know more about animals
D. how Eadweard Muybridge got pictures of motion（移动） successfully
【答案】（1）D
（2）D
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介绍了 Eadweard Muybridge拍到移动的照片的故事。（1）词义猜测题。根据下文 So scientists were trying hard to find ways to make pictures that can move. 所以科学家很努力地尝试找到让照片动起来的方法，可知以前的照片是静止的，static意为still“静止的”。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段 Back in 1872, people didn't know exactly（确切地） whether all four of a horse's hooves（蹄） left the ground at the same time when it was running. 可知，Leland Stanford和朋友打赌马在奔跑的时候是不是四只马蹄都离地。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段In 1878, after many experiments, he managed to get a sequence（连续）of 12 photos. 可知，直到1878年，Muybridge ，才设法拍到连续的12张照片。故选C。
（4）主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了Eadweard Muybridge拍到移动的照片的故事。故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先快速浏览、分析问题，抓住关键词；其次带着问题通读全文，了解文章大意，找到依据，确定答案；最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
7．阅读理解
The phenomenon （现象） of a bike rider getting hit by an opening car door is so common that it has its own term: dooring.
According to a study in Chicago, as many as 1 in 5 bike accidents are caused by car doors—in total, there is nearly one dooring each day in the Windy City （Chicago）.
Even when the bike riders try to turn to the other direction to escape from the opening doors, they can end up getting hit by cars.
Then how can we reduce such kind of accidents? Is there any practical way to solve that problem? Yes. It's the Dutch Reach, which has been popular on the Internet recently. The Dutch Reach is a practice where instead of using your near hand—usually the driver's left hand—to open your car door, you use your far hand—your right hand.
By doing that, you will turn your body around. And you turn your head and shoulders back, so you are looking directly out. First, pass the rearview mirror. And then, you are very easily able to
look back and see if there are coming bicycles or cars or anything else. The simplicity of the approach is part of its intelligence.
（1）What is dooring?
A. The opening of the car door.
B. The accidents caused by opening the car door.
C. That bike riders are hit by opening car doors.
D. The accidents that happened in the Windy City.
（2）__________ of bike accidents are caused by dooring according to the study.
A. 1%
B. 5%
C. 20%
D. 25%
（3）Which hand do you use to open the door in the Dutch Reach?
A. The left hand if I am the driver.
B. The right hand if I am the driver.
C. The right hand if I sit at the back.
D. The right hand if I sit next to the driver.
（4）What does the underlined phrase "rearview mirror" mean in Chinese?
A. 门把手
B. 雨刮器
C. 后视镜
D. 挡风玻璃【答案】（1）C
（2）C
（3）B
（4）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：骑自行的人被打开的车门撞到是很普遍的现象，怎样避免这种状况的发生呢？
（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句The phenomenon （现象） of a bike rider getting hit by an opening car door is so common that it has its own term: dooring.理解可知，dooring就是骑自行车的人被汽车车门撞倒了，故选C。
（2）理解计算题。根据文中的语句According to a study in Chicago, as many as 1 in 5 bike accidents are caused by car doors—in total, there is nearly one dooring each day in the Windy City （Chicago）.理解可知，根据芝加哥的一项研究，多达五分之一的自行车事故是由车门引起的，也就是20%，故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句The Dutch Reach is a practice where instead of using your near hand—usually the driver's left hand—to open your car door, you use your far hand—your right hand.理解可知，在这种练习中，司机要用右手而不是左手去开门，故选B。
（4）词义推测题。根据文中的语句 First, pass the rearview mirror. And then, you are very easily able to look back and see if there are coming bicycles or cars or anything else. 理解可知，rearview mirror是后视镜的意思，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词义推断题及推理判断题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题，词义推断题以及判断题都需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。
8．阅读理解
At my primary school, I was one of the smartest kids there. I never studied, but always got perfect scores. I thought I was born clever. At least I believed so. I was also a prodigy in music
according to myself. I could sing better than almost everyone else in my school. I was pretty sure that once I got to the sixth grade, everyone would be surprised by me.
But actually, they weren't.
When I arrived at my new class, I couldn't wait to show everyone what I could do. However, there was always someone else who could do better than me. My grades began to suffer. More talented（有天资的）girls often sang solos（独唱）. I believed I wasn't smart. I believed I wasn't talented. I believed I was a failure.
Over the next two years, I had to work very hard. Every prize for the best singer was given to me for hard work and effort. Grades were still very poor but they improved little by little. I worked really hard. However, I was never the best at everything.
I haven't realized until recently that I really don't have to be the best at everything. I was too hard on myself. In fact, when I did badly in a test, my classmates never laughed at me.
No one is perfect. There will probably always be someone better than me at something. Anyway, there are about seven billion people in this world. I will never be the No.1 at everything, and that's really okay.
（1）What does the underlined part "a prodigy" probably mean in English?
A. A smart kid.
B. A crazy fan.
C. A common child.
D. A lazy girl.
（2）When the writer was at the new class, ___________.
A. she lost her interest in music
B. she had difficulty in learning
C. she surprised everyone in the class
D. she got separated from her friends
（3）What has the writer realized recently?
A. There is no success without effort.
B. Being talented is the key to success.
C. Don't expect too much of yourself.
D. It's not necessary to care about the result.
（4）Which would be the best title for this passage?
A. When I wasn't perfect
B. My past life as a young girl
C. Hard work doesn't work
D. What to do when you're not perfect
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）A
【解析】【分析】文章大意：作者通过对自己学习经历的叙述，阐述了"人无完人"的人生道理。
（1）词义猜测题。根据文中句子I could sing better than almost everyone else in my school．可以推断出作者在音乐方面也是一个聪明的孩子，选A。
（2）理解推断题。根据文中的语句When I arrived at my new class, I couldn't wait to show everyone what I could do. However, there was always someone else who could do better than me. My grades began to suffer. 理解可知，作者在新学校，在学习上遇到了困难，故选B。（3）细节理解题。根据文章的第五段I really don't have to be the best at everything．可推断出，作者意识到不要对自己期望太高，故选C。
（4）归纳概括题。本文主要叙述了作者尽力使自己在各方面都很突出，力求完美，结果
失败的故事．故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词义推断题，推理判断题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题，词义推断题以及判断题都需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。
9．阅读理解
Different countries have different greeting customs. Read this article to know more about the greeting customs in different cultures, and make sure you greet people in the right way next time. France
French people greet each other with a handshake, but close friends kiss each other on both cheeks when they meet. They do this gesture when meeting and before leaving.
South Korea
In South Korea, it is a sign of respect for people to bow when greeting each other, In South Korea, a bow is followed by a handshake. While shaking someone's hand, it is polite to support the right forearm with the left hand. However, South Korean women do not shake hands with Western men; instead, they bow slightly.
Brazil
Kissing women on the cheek is a common way of greeting. In a formal situation, a handshake is often done to show respect. Men should shake hands before and after meeting, and once they have become familiar with each other, a light hug is often given to each other.
Ghana
In a social situation, it's polite to greet everyone in the room. A handshake is used in greeting, and the palm must directly touch the palm of the other. It's considered disrespectful to touch the back of the hand.
The Philippines
There are several ways of greeting people in the Philippines. An elderly person places his or her right hand on the forehead of a child to "bless" the latter. This is called" mano". Relatives and family members greet each other with a kiss on the cheek. Friends greet each other with a polite nod or a handshake.
A. meet for the first time
B. be close friends
C. be in a social situation
D. be in a formal situation
（2）In Brazil, it is very common to _____ between good friends.
A. shake hands
B. kiss on the cheek
C. bow to each other
D. give a light hug （3）Which of the following is about Ghana?
A. Friends can give a light hug to each other.
B. People can give a nod or handshake.
C. It's impolite to touch the back of the hand.
D. Family members can greet each other with a kiss.
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）C
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了不同的国家有不同的问候习俗，了解更多不同文化中的问候
习俗，确保下次你用正确的方式问候别人。
（1）推理题。根据close friends kiss each other on both cheeks when they meet亲密的
朋友见面时会亲吻对方的双颊可知，迈克亲吻一个法国男孩吉姆的脸颊，他们可能是亲密
的朋友，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据a light hug is often given to each other可知，在巴西，好朋友之间轻
轻拥抱一下很常见，故选D。
（3）细节题。根据It's considered disrespectful to touch the back of the hand可知，在
加纳触摸手背是不礼貌的，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断
题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
10．阅读理解
In your school, are you allowed to choose the subjects you want to learn? Of course, the answer is "No" here in China.
In America there is a school trying something new. At a high school in Florida, students will be able to choose their own classes. We all know that some students are better at some subjects than others. Some students plan to go on to college, while others do not. At this school students are able to find subjects they are interested in, and possibly even find the field（领域）they would like to go into after finishing school. They are allowed to choose a subject like biology, math, a foreign language, or study skills like car repair（修理）.
Some people think this is a good idea, because it helps students think about what they want to do in the future, and the school helps to give them the knowledge and skills needed to get there. They say that giving the students the chance to choose their own classes makes high school more interesting. Others disagree. They think it will make it difficult for students to discover different possibilities（潜力）.They point out that fourteen-year-old teenagers are too young to know what they want to do in the future.
What do you think? Would you like to be able to choose your own classes? Many useful changes have been made in education, but seeing the differences in each student is also important. How can we help each student become a better student?
（1）Some people think allowing students to choose their own classes helps them _________.
A. show how smart they are
B. know differences between them
C. prepare for their futures
D. know their duties in life
（2）Some people don't agree students should choose their own classes because they think
_________.
A. some students are too nervous to make a right decision
B. some students shouldn't be workers in the future
C. some students care little about their own futures
D. some students aren't old enough to know what they want to do in the future
（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. All the high schools in Florida give the students the chance to choose their own classes.
B. All the people think allowing students to choose their classes can help them find their own possibilities.
C. The school in Florida helps students by giving the knowledge and skills they will need.
D. In the writer's opinion, it's not important to see the differences in each student in school education.
（4）What's the best title for the passage?
A. Chinese education
B. A new way of education
C. To change our education
D. To improve learning skills
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了美国的教育现象，学生可以自己选择学习科目，而在中国不能，有人认为这种制度好也有人认为不好。
（1）细节理解题，根据Some people think this is a good idea, because it helps students think about what they want to do in the future,可知允许学生选课可以帮着孩子们为未来做准备，故答案是C。
（2）细节理解题，根据They point out that fourteen-year-old teenagers are too young to know what they want to do in the future可知，不同意的人认为，孩子们太小不知道他们未来想做什么，故答案是D。
（3）正误判断题，根据At this school students are able to find subjects they are interested in, and possibly even find the field（领域）they would like to go into after finishing school. They are allowed to choose a subject like biology, math, a foreign language, or study skills like car repair（修理）.可知，佛罗里达的这所学校既让学生们学习知识，也让学生们学到技能，故答案是C。
（4）标题判断题，根据文章内容可知，文章介绍了美国的教育方式，B选项最接近短文中心思想，故答案是B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、正误判断题和标题判断题几种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；正误判断题也属于细节理解题，需要根据文章内容进行正误判定；标题判断题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想，最后凝练句式获取答案。
11．阅读理解
Interesting festivals in the world
Throwing tomatoes-Spain（西班牙）
Spain takes "tomato fights" to a whole new level. But the tomatoes are
being thrown, not eaten. The festival takes place on the last
Wednesday in August, Trucks（卡车） carry tomatoes into the square.
People rush to the tomatoes and throw them into the crowd.
Rolling cheese -England
This festival is celebrated in May. It takes place on Copper's Hill. A large
wheel of cheese（奶酪）is rolled down Copper's Hill, The festival is
actually a race where people run down the hill after the rolling cheese.
The first person to cross the finish line at the bottom of the hill wins
the cheese.
Burning man -The United States
The Burning Man Festival is held annually, spanning from the last
Sunday in August to the first Monday in September（Labor Day）. The
festival takes place in Black Rock Desert. The best part of the festival is
the burning of a large sculpture of a man.
Pouring water-Thailand
The Songkran Festival is the celebration of the New Year in Thailand.
Rather than a single day, Thailand celebrates the New Year from April
13th to April 15th. Thai people run after each other, pouring water.
Songkran is one of the most important reasons why foreigners travel to
the beautiful land.
A. Spain.
B. England.
C. The United States.
D. Thailand.
（2）Which activity is held in Black Rock Desert?
A. Throwing tomatoes.
B. Rolling cheese.
C. Burning man.
D. Pouring water.（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The tomatoes are thrown into the crowd to eat.
B. Not all the festivals above fall on a single day.
C. Burning a large real man is the best part of the Burning Man Festival.
D. Songkran is the only reason for attracting lots of tourists.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文介绍了世界上有趣的节日：西班牙的扔西红柿节、英格兰的滚奶酪节、美国的火烧人狂欢节和他国的泼水节。
（1）细节理解题，根据Rolling cheese -England This festival is celebrated in May. 可知五月份可以去英国，故答案是B。
（2）细节理解题，根据 Burning man -The United States The festival takes place in Black Rock Desert. 可知火烧人狂欢节放生在黑岩沙漠，故答案是C。
（3）正误判断题，根据文章内容可知，哪一个节日也不是在一天之内结束的，因此B的陈述是正确的，故答案是B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和正误判断题。细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；正误判断题属于细节理解题的一种，也需要根据文章内容进行判定。
12．阅读理解
Many of us don't pay much attention to the importance of eye care. It is said that if you take care of your body, then you can surely be healthy. That is why our eyes should be given a lot of care. Natural eye care should be put in the first place.
There are several causes leading to poor eyesight like not eating enough food, genes（基因）and. aging（老化）. Televisions, computers and reading are also the causes of having poor eyesight. If you happen to work in front of a computer, you'd better take a break every once in a while.
Something dirty can cause redness and it will make you feel uncomfortable. It is bad for your eyes, too. If this happens, the best way is to clean your eyes by using cold water. You must also try your best to protect your eyes from harmful things. For example, sunglasses are not just for fashion but they can also serve as a great way to protect your eyesight from UV rays.
Eating healthy food will do good to your eyesight. Remember that vitamins A, C and E are good for eyes. Try to eat food groups that have these vitamins. And you should do eye exercises because they protect your eyesight, too. If a person exercises regularly（定期地） and eats the right kind of food, his eyes will stay in good condition for a long time.
All above are natural ways of eye care that help us keep healthy eyes. Being happy all the time can be helpful to a person's eyesight, too. In a word, eye care is very important, no matter how old a person is.
（1）________________ is the most important way to protect our eyes.
A. Taking medicine
B. Natural eye care
C. Seeing the doctor
D. Being happy all the time
（2）All the flowing causes can lead to poor eyesight EXCEPT ________________.
A. computers
B. aging
C. reading
D. height
（3）What should you do if you have to work in front of a computer according to the text?
A. Have a rest after working for a while.
B. Eat healthy food.
C. Clean eyes by using cold water.
D. Wear a pair of sunglasses.
（4）The underlined phrase "UV rays" means "________________"in Chinese.
A. 闪电
B. 沙尘
C. 紫外线
D. 超声波（5）What is the best title for the text?
A. Ways of doing eye exercises
B. Ways of eye care
C. Ways of being happy
D. Ways of being healthy
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）A
（4）C
（5）B
【解析】【分析】主要讲了眼睛保健的方式。
（1）细节题。根据Natural eye care should be put in the first place.可知自然眼部护理应该放在首位，是保护眼睛的最好的方法，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据There are several causes leading to poor eyesight like not eating enough food, genes（基因） and. aging（老化）.可知有几种原因导致视力不好，比如不吃足够的食物、基因和衰老。没有height身高，故选D。
（3）细节题。根据If you happen to work in front of a computer, you'd better take a break every once in a while.可知如果你碰巧在电脑前工作，最好偶尔休息一下。故选A。
（4）推断题。根据sunglasses are not just for fashion but they can also serve as a great way to protect your eyesight from UV rays.可知太阳镜的作用是保护眼睛免受紫外线的伤害，所以UV rays的意思是紫外线，故选C。
（5）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了眼睛保健的方式，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
13．阅读理解
It seems that more and more Americans want schools to teach foreign languages to children under five years old. The most popular way to teach young children another language is called immersion （沉浸式语言教学法）. Children in the immersion program hear only the new language in the classroom. The children play games, sing songs and talk to one another in the new language. Some experts （家）say the immersion program is the most effective （有效的） for young children to learn a language. But there can be a problem when children in the United States begin to learn another language at such an early age. Not many elementary schools continue to teach a foreign language. Only seven of the fifty states require （要求） schools to teach a foreign language to students between the ages of six and twelve. Language experts say it is easier for younger children to learn a language. Still, American schools generally do not begin to teach foreign languages until secondary school. By then, students are about thirteen years old.
American schools face difficult choices about the cost of educational programs. The government has increased support for foreign language study in its Education Law called "No Child Left Behind".
At college, the Modern Language Association says more students than ever are studying foreign languages and more languages are being studied now. Spanish is the most widely taught at American colleges and universities. French, German, Chinese and Italian are also popular.（1）Where is Spanish the most widely taught?
A. At American colleges and universities.
B. At American secondary schools. C At American high schools. D. At American elementary schools.
（2）Students in the immersion program can do the following things EXCEPT ____.
A. hearing the new language
B. hearing their native language C playing games in the new language D. talking to one another in the new language?
（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The government doesn't support this program.
B. All schools will take part in the immersion program.
C. It's not good for children to learn a foreign language at an early age.
D. Not many elementary schools continue to teach a foreign language.
（4）What is the passage mainly about?
A. Foreign language teaching in American families.
B. A foreign language teaching method in America.
C. Foreign language teaching at American universities.
D. Foreign language teaching at American high schools.
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）B
（4）B
【解析】【分析】主要讲了美国最受欢迎的教孩子们外国语言的方法——沉浸式语言教学法。
（1）细节题。根据Spanish is the most widely taught at American colleges and universities.可知西班牙语是美国学院和大学最被广泛教的语言，故选A。
（2）细节题。根据Children in the immersion program hear only the new language in the classroom. The children play games, sing songs and talk to one another in the new language.可知孩子们在沉浸式语言教学法中听见新语言、用新语言玩游戏、唱歌和相互谈论，故选B。（3）细节题。根据Not many elementary schools continue to teach a foreign language.没有多少小学继续教授外语。故选D。
（4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了美国最受欢迎的教孩子们外国语言的方法——沉浸式语言教学法。故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
14．阅读理解
We all know that many women like to wear dresses. They enjoy many kinds of colourful and popular dresses. But have you ever heard of a 4D dress?
Jessica Rosenkrantz in the USA used 3D printing technology to make a very special and new dress. It will help with the problems of different styles of women's dresses.
The dress maker called the special dress a"4D dress" ". It is like the fabric（织物）. It can turn
into different kinds of shapes.
The company, in Massachusetts, the USA, also made a smartphone and an app（应用）. They can help women to control their dresses. If women use the phone and the app, they can change the colour, the style and many other things of the dresses. Isn't it very interesting?
When she talked about her work, Jessica said, "There will be many more changeable dresses for women in the future. I am interested in making them too, I can't wait to make different kinds of new dresses for women."
（1）What will the 4D dress do for women?
A. It will make women relax themselves a lot.
B. It will turn into different styles for women.
C. It will help women keep thin and beautiful.
D. It will help women find good jobs easily.
（2）What does the underlined word "It" in the passage refer to?
A. The 4D dress.
B. 3D printing technology.
C. A company.
D. The dress maker.（3）What will Jessica do in the future?
A. She will have many companies around the world.
B. She will buy a very new smartphone and use the app.
C. She will make many more changeable dresses.
D. She will help women choose more beautiful dresses.
（4）From the passage, we can infer that _________________.
A. Jessica Rosenkrantz used a common thing to make the 4D dress
B. the 4D dress can only turn into ten kinds of shapes for women
C. the company in the UK made the smartphone to control the 4D dress
D. women may use the phone and the app to change the style of the dress
（5）What's the best title for this passage?
A. Women's hobbies
B. Women's styles
C. Jessica's drear
D. The 4D dress 【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
（5）D
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了4D连衣裙，未来会有更多适合女性的多变服装。
（1）推理题。根据 they can change the colour, the style and many other things of the dresses 可知， 4d服装对于女性来说，它会变成不同的风格，故选B。
（2）词义猜测题。根据The dress maker called the special dress a"4D dress" ". It is like the fabric（织物）. It can turn into different kinds of shapes服装制造商称这种特殊服装为“4d服装”。它就像织物（织物）。它可以变成不同的形状可知it指代4D连衣裙，故选A。（3）细节题。根据 I can't wait to make different kinds of new dresses for women 可知杰西卡将来会做很多更易变的衣服，故选C。
（4）推理题。根据If women use the phone and the app, they can change the colour, the style and many other things of the dresses 如果女性使用手机和应用程序，她们可以改变衣服的颜色、风格和其他许多东西可知，女性可能会使用手机和应用程序来改变着装风格，故选
D。
（5）主旨题。根据本文介绍了4D连衣裙，未来会有更多适合女性的多变服装可知The 4D dress是适合的标题，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
15．阅读理解
How do you turn your interests into a business （生意）? Mohammed Ali, 15, a teen gamer from Dewsbury in West Yorkshire, UK, is a good example.
At the age of 12, he learned how to code （编程） by using YouTube and even made his own video game. Users have to pay 5.99 pounds （56 yuan） per month to play the game. He has already made 30,000 pounds. He also makes websites and is working on a finance app （理财应用软件）, which will be open to the public in August.
Ali has saved lots of money for his future university costs and even bought two sofas for his family's living room.
"When I first started making money, I thought I'd just spend it all. Then I thought, why should I spend it all? I save most of it in the bank, because I want to do more in the future," he told the Daily Mail.
He became interested in computers when his parents bought him one at the age of 6. He often played video games on his computer. But after playing so many games, he decided to make his own.
Then, Ali learned how to code using YouTube videos and by reading books on the subject. In 2012，he made his own game called Project 2006 after working on it for seven months. It was a role-playing game and more than 3, 000 people are members. After his game became popular, he started a website-making business.
In the future, he wants to go to university and study computer science. "I'm looking forward to studying computer science, not business because I've got a lot of experience in business already," he told the Daily Star.
（1）What did Mohammed Ali do, according to the first two paragraphs?
A. He learned how to code for YouTube.
B. He made a video game by himself.
C. He started a video store and has made 287, 000 yuan.
D. He set up a website for people to do business.
（2）What did Ali do with the money?
A. He kept it to pay for university.
B. He spent it all on his family.
C. He put all of his money into his new app.
D. He bought computers for his parents and himself.
（3）Which one is in the right order?
①Ali made a website
②Ali got a computer from his parents.
③Ali made a game project.
④Ali learned how to code from videos.
A. ②④①③
B. ④②①③
C. ④①②③
D.
②④③①
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文讲了Ali很喜欢电脑，从小就玩游戏，因为对电脑的兴趣，自己开发了游戏，并且能够挣钱，最后喜欢上了计算机，也告诉人们做自己喜欢做的事，只要去做就会成功。
（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句At the age of 12, he learned how to code （编程）by using YouTube and even made his own video game. 理解可知，阿里自己做了一个电子游戏。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句 Ali has saved lots of money for his future university costs and even bought two sofas for his family's living room.理解可知，阿里为将来的大学学费攒了不少钱，故选A。
（3）细节理解题。由文中语句He became interested in computers when his parents bought him one at the age of 6.可知，阿里再六岁得到一台电脑；由文中语句 At the age of 12, he learned how to code （编程） by using YouTube and even made his own video game. 可知阿里学习编程；由文中语句 In 2012，he made his own game called Project 2006 after working on it for seven months. 可知，由文中的语句阿里做了一个游戏计划。由文中语句After his game became popular, he started a website-making business.可知，阿里制造了一个网站，正确的顺序为②④③①，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解题。认真阅读原文，把握文章大意，对文章脉络有整体的了解，能仔细查找文中细节，并能根据文章内容进行合理的推测判断。
16．阅读理解
Some people bring out the best in you in a way that you might never have fully realized on your own. My mother was one of those people.
My father died when I was one year-old. While I was growing up, we led a very hard life, but my mom gave me a lot of love. Bach night, she seated me on her lap and, spoke the words that would change my life," Kemmons, you are sure to be a great man and you can do anything in life if you work hard enough to get it."
At fourteen, I was hit by a car and the doctors said that I would never walk again. Every might my mother spoke to me in her gentle, loving voice, telling me whatever those doctors said, I could walk again if I wanted to. She drove that message so deep into my heart that I finally believed her. A year later, I walked on my own to school!