航海英语50期矫正后MicrosoftWord文档

航海英语2580题库中英文对照学习完整翻译版大连海事大学英语2580题库中英文对照学习完整版[1]______, as the chemical extinguisher agent, should be used for an electric fire.A. dry chemical or foamB. foam or soda acidC. carbon dioxide or foamD. carbon dioxide or dry chemicalKEY: D二氧化碳或干粉灭火器作为化学灭火器，用于扑灭电器火灾。

[2]______: A room on or near the bridge provided with the necessary fittings and furniture for the handling and stowage of charts and where the chronometers are placed.A. Captain’s cabinB. Chief Officer’s lockerC. ChartroomD. Pilot’s cabinKEY: C在驾驶台或附近提供必要的装卸设备或用具和海图的存放和天文钟布置的房间叫做海图室。

[3]______:The main center-line structural member, running fore and aft along the bottom of a ship, sometimes referred to as the backbone.A. FrameB. DeckbeamC. StringerD. KeelKEY: D在船舶底部沿首尾向铺设有时提及当做主骨架的主要首尾结构是龙骨。

[4]______:the vertical distance measured on the vessel’s sideamidships from the load water line to the upper side of the freeboard deck or a point corresponding to it.A. BuoyancyB. FreeboardC. DraftD. DisplacementKEY: B船中部从载重水线垂直测量到干舷甲板上边缘或相应的点的距离叫干舷。

第三部分Passage 3-01Labour should be ordered by 0900 hrs for 2nd shift (1500 to 2300 hrs) on same day and by 1300 hrs for 1st shift (0700 to 1500 hrs) for next day. By1100 hrs, for 3rd shift (2300 to 0500 hrs) in same day.Under normal circumstances, no work is performed during meal hours 1100 to 1200 hrs and 1830 to 1930 hrs. unless the ship is classified as a key vessel or the agent orders work during the meal hours.001. If you want to order labour in this port for the third shift in same day, the order should be made by ____C____ .A. any timeB. 0900 hoursC. 1100 hoursD. 1300 hours 002.___B_____is performed during meal hours under usual circumstances.A. Cargo workB. No cargo workC. Ordering work by AgentD. loading and discharging003. Loading and discharging can be performed during meal hours ___A__A. if the ship is classified as a key vesselB. if agent orders work beforehandC. under normal circumstancesD. either A or B004. What does the word “key” mean ___C_____?A. ladenB. smallC. pivotalD. bigPassage 3-02Before arrival in the United Kingdom, the master will have informed his owners or agents of the approximate time of the vessel's arrival at the pilot station for the port of destination. The vessel should be flying her ensign and also her signal letters and the requisite pilot signal when approaching the pilot station. The international signals, as well as any local port signals, can be found in the Sailing Directions, which is also known as the "Pilot Book"When a pilot is required most ports now require due notice of the vessel's ETA to be sent in by radio. However, this does not relieve the ship's obligation to display the pilot signal ("G" by any of the methods of signaling ) until the pilot is aboard when "H" flag will be flown. If the master or first mate of the vessel has a pilotage certificate for the district then the above is unnecessary, in such case the pilot flag (white and red horizontal halves, as on the pilot vessel) will be flown.005. While the pilot is on ship, ----B---should be displayed on the top of the ship mast.(1) "G" flag (2) "H" flagA. only (1)B. only (2)C. both (1) and (2)D. (1) plus (2)006. What's the meaning of the "ETA"____A____ .A. Estimated time of ArrivalB. Expected time of ArrivalC. Both A and BD. Neither A nor B007. Which statement under below is correct_____A___ .A. The Sailing Directions Book is as same as Pilot BookB. The Sailing Directions Book and the Pilot Book are different booksC. The Pilot Book is a part of the Sailing Directions BookD. The Sailing Directions Book contains the Pilot Book008. Before arrival in the United Kingdom, the master should inform ________ to his owner or agents AA. ETAB. ETDC. GMTD. LTPassage 3-03The basic concept of the GMDSS is that on-shore Search and Rescue authorities, inaddition to shipping in the immediate vicinity of a ship in distress, will be alertedrapidly to an incident so that they can assist in co-ordinating a search and rescue operation with the minimum of delay.The system will also provide for urgency and safety communications, and the dissemination of Maritime Safety Information (MSI) including Navigational Warningsand Weather Messages.GMDSS applies to all ships of 300 G.R.T. or larger, to all passenger ships and allships on international voyages, which are subject to the SOLAS Convention 1974, as amended 1988.GMDSS has been adopted by the IMO.009. What's the meaning of the SOLAS ________ .A. International Regulations for Preventing Collision At Sea.B. International Convention for the Safety of Life At SeaC. Salvage Operations of Life At SeaD. All above are wrong010. The "G.R.T." refers to ________ .A. Gross Register TonnageB. Gross Registered TonnageC. Gross TonnageD. Gross River Tonnage011. GMDSS applies to ________ .A. all ships of 300 G.R.T. and over 300 G.R.T.B. all passenger shipsC. all ships on international routeD. all above are correct012. The full name of GMDSS is ________ .A. Global Maritime Distress Satellite SystemB. Global Maritime Distress and Safety SystemC. Global Marine Distress Satellite SystemD. Global Marine Distress and Safety SystemPassage 3-04The axial thrust of the propeller is the force working in a fore and aft direction. This force causes the ship to move ahead through the water or to go astern. Because of her shape，a ship will move ahead through the water more easily than going astern. The transverse thrust is the sideways force of the propeller as it rotates. The transverse effect of the propeller blades at the top near the surface of the water is not strong enough to counteract the opposite effect of the lower blades. For right-handed propellers this cants the ship's stern to starboard and her bow to port，when the ship is going ahead. The effect is small and can be corrected by the rudder. When the engines are put astern，the effect is the opposite and the stern cants to port. This effect is stronger and cannot easily be corrected. Vessels with left-handed propellers behave in the opposite way.013.The force that causes the ship to move ahead through the water or to go astern is known as________.A. axial thrustB. transverse thrustC. the transverse effect of the propeller blades at the top near the surface ofthe waterD. the transverse effect of the lower blades of the propeller near the bottomof the water014.A left-handed propellers，when the ship is going ahead，will cant ship's stern to________.A. starboardB. portC. to move aheadD. move astern015.The transverse thrust of the propeller is stronger when the ship is________.A. going a sternB. going aheadC. stoppedD. making no way through the water016.The transverse thrust of the propeller can mainly be overcome by ________.A. the rudderB. the propeller itselfC. the nautical instrumentD. wind and tidePassage 3-05The task of a helmsman is to steer the ship precisely according to the instructions of the officer of the watch. On passage, these instructions take the form of a course to be held, regardless of wind, sea or other sources of deviation. At other times, the instructions will call for the ship to be turned to port or starboard, or to be prevented from turning, or to be lined up on a particular heading.A good helmsman uses the least rudder deflection to maintain a steady course. He must learn quickly at the beginning of each trick whether the ship is carrying port or starboard helm.Most ships now set and steer courses in degrees on the full scale of 0-360degrrs.This system replaces the traditional use of the compass scale divided into cardinals and points. Nevertheless, every seaman and navigator must be familiar with the older system, since the necessary for obtaining certain qualifications (e.g. the Certificate of Efficiency as lifeboatmen); points are also used for indication wind direction.017. Nowadays, the “helmsman” is also called ________ onboard.A. Ordinary seamanB. BosunC. Able seamanD. Carpenter 018.What was used for indication the ship's course in traditional navigation________ .A. Adegrees on the full scale of 0-360B. cardinals and points of compassC. sounding in metersD. distance in miles019. When dose the helmsman has to steer the ship precisely ________ .A. according to the instructions of the officer of the watchB. when the ship to be turned or to be prevented from turningC. when the ship to be lined up on a particular headingD. all above are correct020. According to "points are also used for indication wind direction", please predict how to indicate the set of the current________ .A. degreesB. pointsC. centigradeD. Beaufort scalePassage 3-06While every effort is made to ensure that the data provided through the Notices to Mariners service is accurate，the user needs to be aware of the risks to corruption of data. It is important that the user should only use the data on suitable equipment and that，other applications should not be running on the user's machine at the same time. Users should exercise their professional judgement in the use of data，and also consult the Mariners Handbook (NP100) for further details. The user needs to be aware that there is a possibility that data could be corrupted during transmission，or in the process of display or printing on the user's equipment，or if converted to other software formats，and is accordingly advised that the UKHO cannot accept responsibility for any such change，or any modifications or unauthorised changes，made by licensees，or other parties.021.The data may become corrupted in any of the following process except _______.A. during transmissionB. in the display or printing on the user's equipmentC. in converting to other software formatsD. in air mail delivery to the readers022.The use of the data is advised to consult _______ for further details.A. Mariners HandbookB. Sailing DirectionsC. Guide to Port EntryD. Notices to Mariners023.Of the following items _______ is not mentioned for which UKHO will accept noresponsibility.A. change in the process of display or printingB. unauthorised changes made by licensees or other partiesC. modifications made by licensees or other partiesD. professional amendments024.It is implied that _______.A. the data are incorrectB. the data are to be corrected intensivelyC. although the data are accurate enough，you are still advised to use it withcautionD. not to use it if you have not enough time or proper equipment to effect necessarycorrectionPassage 3-07The container ship is different from the conventional type and is an innovation noted for easier handling and quicker turnover of cargoes. Cargoes to be carried by this type of ship are pre-packed into containers before being loaded aboard the ship. Containers are sealed after being packed with cargoes. Made of metal or other durable materials，they are watertight after sealing and can therefore be stowed on deck whilst being carried. One of the features of container ships is that some of the containers are usually stowed on deck.The container ship is becoming increasingly popular in trading circles，and the trend is that the tonnage thereof will grow at a faster pace in future.025.What does "innovation" in the first paragraph mean? ________.A. making changesB. the introduction of an antigenic substance into the body against a specificdiseaseC. The act of introducing something new.D. revolution026.Containers are sealed after being packed with cargoes.A. filledB. loadedC. stuffedD. closed officially or under the supervision of notary public027.Of the following，________ is not the feature of the container ship?A. Some of the containers are usually stowed on deck.B. It is easy for handling and quick turnover of the cargoC. The container ship is becoming increasingly saferD. Cargoes are pre-packed into the container028.The tonnage of container ship is ________.A. decreasingB. increasingC. remaining the sameD. changingPassage 3-08Nautical charts are indispensable to mariners. They，however，are subject to frequent changes，such as those of navigational aids，of waterways due to the dredging and construction，of depths of water，and of removal or appearance of wrecks. In order to keep up-to-date and reliable，nautical charts have to undergo correction. Changes of importance are generally promulgated by weekly edition of Notices to Mariners，which enable mariners to correct the charts by hand. If major changes make it impracticable to do so，the Notices will provide a reproduction of a small area，which is also called block，to be pasted onto the chart in its correct position. 029.Nautical charts need correction because ________.A. navigational aids are sometimes indispensable.B. there are always some mistakesC. wrecks may appear or be removedD. they could never be reprinted030.Correction to charts are made by crew members in accordance with ________.A. Notices to MarinersB. Sailing DirectionsC. Guide to Port EntryD. Supplement031.In the passage，Blocks are ________.A. large scale chartsB. representations of chartsC. reproductions of portions of chartsD. small scale charts032.The purpose of correction to charts is to ________.A. keep them up-to-dateB. make the charts brand-newC. keep the charts available to all mariners in the worldD. keep the charts free from mistakesPassage 3-09Corrections to Sailing Directions are given in Section Ⅳ. Those in force at the end of the year are reprinted in the Annual Summary of Notices to Mariners. A list of corrections in force is published in Section Ⅳ of the Weekly Edition for the last week of each month.It is recommended that corrections be kept in a file with the latest list of corrections in force on top. The list should be consulted when using the parent book to see if any corrections affecting the area under consideration are in force. It is not recommended that corrections be stuck in the parent book or current supplement，but，if this is done，when a new supplement is received care must be taken to retain those corrections issued after the date of the new supplement，which may be several months before its receipt on board.033.________ are reprinted in the Annual Summary of Notices to Mariners.A. The Sailing DirectionsB. The corrections to Sailing DirectionsC. The effective corrections to Notices to MarinersD. The Weekly Edition034.The parent book is ________.A. The Sailing DirectionB. The corrections to Sailing Directions in forceC. the Annual Summary of Notices to MarinersD. the Weekly Edition035.It is recommended that corrections to the Sailing Directions be ________.A. made by handB. consulted at the last week of each monthC. stuck in the parent book or current supplementD. kept in a file with the latest list of corrections in force on top036.If the corrections be stuck in the parent book or current supplement，________.A. when a new supplement is received，those corrections issued after the dateof the new supplement must be retainedB. the parent book must be consultedC. the current supplement must be consultedD. the Annual Summary of Notices to Mariners must be usedPassage 3 -10The amount of detail shown on a chart varies with the scale of the chart. On a large scale chart，for example，full details of all lights and fog signals are shown，but on smaller scales the order of reduction of information in elevation，period，range，until on an ocean chart of the area only lights with a range of 15 miles or more will normally be inserted，and then only their light-star and magenta flare. On the other hand，radio beacons are omitted from large scale charts where their use would be inappropriate，and，unless they are long range beacons，from ocean charts. 037.Ocean charts are ________ ones.A. large scaleB. small scaleC. inappropriateD. omitted038.What cannot be found in the large scale charts? ________.A. Radio beacons of small rangeB. Full details of all lights.C. ElevationsD. Full details of fog signals039.The light-star and magenta flare are shown on ________.A. large scale charts onlyB. small scale charts onlyC. both small and large scale chartsD. neither small nor large scale charts040.The title of this passage should be ________.A. Lights and Beacons on ChartsB. Characteristic of Lights and BeaconsC. Corrections to Small and Large Scale chartsD. Navigational Charts PublicationPassage 3-11DALIAN OBSY GALE WARNING 190600ZCOLD FRONT WILL PASS BOHAI SEA BOHAI STRAITS NORTH AND CENTRAL HUANGHAI SEA CAUSING GALE WINDS TOMORROW AFTERNOON AND EVENING STOP.SYNOPTIC SITUATION 190600ZLOW 994 HPA AT 48N 118E MOVING SE 8 KTS WITH COLD FRONT FROM CENTER PASSISNG 44N 128E HIGH 1013HPA AT 38N 124E STATIONARY STOP24HOURS WEATHER FORECAST FROM 191000ZBOHAI SEA BOHAI STRAITS NORTH AND CENTRAL HUANGHAI SEA PARLY CLOUDY BECOMING OVERCAST TOMORROW WITH RAIN SW WINDS FORCE 7 TO 8 TOMORROW ATERNOON AND EVENING SEA ROUGH BECOMING VERY ROUGH STOP.041.The COLD FRONT will pass Bohai Sea，Bohai Straits，North and central Huanghai Sea onA. The 20thB. The 19thC. The 18thD. The 6th042.________ is stationary at 38N 124E.A. Low 994 HpaB. High 1013 HpaC. Cold frontD. Warm front043.The winds are expected tomorrow to be_______?A. roughB. very roughC. SE 8 knotsD. SW 7-8 in force044.What is the weather like tomorrow in this area? _______.A. It will be partly cloudy becoming overcast with rain and SW force 7-8 windsB. LOW 994 HPA at 48N 118E is moving SE 8 KTS with COLD FRONT from center passing44N 128EC. HIGH 1013HPA at 38N 124E will be stationaryD. It will rain the whole dayPassage 3-12In some parts of a chart where the spaces are rather blank and there are no symbols of any kind，there may be Cautions，Warnings，Notes，etc.，which should be taken into account while using a chart. All of those Cautionary Notes give the mariner facilities to ensure safe navigation，such as to avoid running aground in shallow waters and making damages to nearby fishing gears，and to keep off any hazards in areas where submarine frequently exercises. Furthermore，they are of good help to mariners，as to the reliability of the navigational aids especially in congested waters or narrow channels，to prevent any possible accidents.045.What is the main topic of this passage? ________.A. Regulations of the harborB. Details in the Sailing DirectionsC. Rules of the terminalD. Description on Admiralty Charts046.According to the passage，you must pay attention to ________ while using a chart.A. Cautions，Warnings and NotesB. Reports，Symbols and ChartsC. Explanations，accounts and answersD. Damages，hazards and injuries047.Cautionary Notes are helpful for mariners ________.A. to run aground in shallow watersB. to make damages to nearby fishing gearsC. to keep off hazards in areas where submarine exercisesD. to keep the reliability of the aids to navigation in congested waters or narrowchannels048.Cautions，Warnings，Notes，etc. are likely inserted in some parts of a chart where ________.A. submarine frequently exercisesB. there are fishing gearsC. the waters is congested and the channels are narrowD. the spaces are rather blank and there are no symbols of any kindPassage 3-13Logbooks required by law，to be filled out by masters or officers on duty of every ship，the forms of which must be proved by the shipping companies or marine authorities.Logbooks are used to record the events occurring during the ship's stay in a harbor，at anchorage，or underway，and they are also requested to produce evidences in case officials inquire about accidents.On completion of the voyage the logbook must be submitted to the superintendent of the owner or the marine authorities for justification，checking or approval. Therefore，everything recorded in the logbook must be true and accurate.When a misentry has been made in the log，a red line would be drawn on those parts. The correct entry with signature should be made near or above them. No erasures or cuts are to be allowed.049.The best title for the passage is " ________ "A. The forms of logbooksB. The use of logbooksC. Characteristics of logbooksD. How to check logbooks050.When a misentry has been made in the log，________.A. erasures or cuts are to be allowed.B. it is to be corrected out by masters or officers on duty of every shipC. it is to be produced in case officials inquire about accidents.D. a red line would be drawn on those parts，with correct entry with signaturebeing made near or above them.051.The forms of logbooks must be proved by ________.A. officials who inquire about accidents.B. the shipping companies or marine authorities.C. masters or officers on duty.D. the superintendent of the owner.052.The logbook must be submitted ________ to the superintendent of the owner or the marine authorities for justification，checking or approval.A. on completion of the voyageB. in a harborC. at anchorageD. underwayPassage 3-14For navigation，radar is of incredible value. It provides the navigator with his position，his distance from ships or obstructions nearby and other accurate information to prevent collision and ensure the safety of the ship. Radar can display all objects within its working range clearly，either in clear weather or in thick fog. In addition，if the radar information is correctly interpreted，the navigator can easily work out the speed and direction of an approaching object and take proper measures to keep his ship from any danger.Shore-based radar also plays an important role in shipping. If ship's radar is in trouble，the radar observer at the stations will use VHF radio to alert them to other traffic in the vicinity as well as to advise their position. Up to now，many radar surveillance systems have been installed in most large seaports. They are intended to smooth and control the flow of traffic to and from the harbor.053.For navigation，the radar is ________.A. of no valueB. very importantC. so expensive that people don't know how much it isD. valueless054.Which of the following statements about radar's function for marine purposes is incorrect? ________.A. It provides the navigator the ship's positionB. It provides information to protect ships from collisionC. It displays all the objects at sea clearlyD. It displays the observer's distance from ships and obstructions nearby 055.If the ship's radar is in trouble，the shore-based radar ________.A. may provide the ship of her positionB. should be installed with surveillance systemsC. shall advise the ship to use VHFD. will be put into use immediately056.Radar surveillance systems ________.A. may provide all ships of their technical conditionsB. should be installed with VHFC. shall be correctly interpreted，D. are intended to smooth and control the flow of traffic to and from the harbor.Passage 3-15Communications over relatively short distances can be made by visual or sound signals. Visual signals can be sent by using flags or an Aldis lamp. An Aldis lamp is an electric lamp used for flashing messages in Morse code. The traditional method of signaling from one ship to another is by using flags. There are different colored flags for each letter of the alphabet. There are also pennant-shaped flags for numbers，and a long pennant，known as an answering or code pennant. Three other flags，which are burgee-shaped，are known as substitutes. These show that the flat or pennantis being repeated. Besides standing for a letter of the alphabet，each flag，when hoisted along，has another meaning. For example，the "W" flag also means: "I require medical assistance". Flags can also be hoisted in combinations of two，three or four. Siren，whistle，bell or other sound signals can be used in fog and similar circumstances when visual signals can not be seen.munications over relatively short distances may be made by ________.A. visual signalsB. sound signalsC. Morse CodeD. Either visual or sound signals058.An Aldis lamp is used for ________.A. transmitting Morse codeB. flashing flagsC. sending flag signalsD. sending sound signals059.Burgee-shaped flags are used as substitutes to show ________.A. "repeating"B. "answering"C. "code" pennantD. "I requiring medical assistance"060.________ are used in fog and similar circumstances when visual signals can not be seen.A. Visual signalsB. SubstitutesC. Pennant-shaped flagsD. The ship's siren，whistle or bellPassage 3-16When the senders of goods have large shipment to make，and especially when bulk cargo is concerned，it is advisable that they have some ships at their disposal. Some of the big companies set up a fleet of their own，but the rest may find it more profitable to hire instead of building or buying ships. This is called "chartering". The chartering of the ship is usually done through the intermediary of brokers，who，when hired，will go through all the necessary formalities on behalf of the charterer. In London there is a special center "the Baltic Exchange"，where the brokers operate in much the same way as stock and share brokers on a stock exchange. But it is easy for home shippers to hire Chinese or foreign ships through China National Chartering Corporation，which takes care of chartering business on orders from various import and export corporations.061.When large shipment is concerned，________ is not the way for the sender to have ships at their disposal.A. to charter shipsB. to build shipsC. to buy shipsD. to scrape ships062.In chartering all the necessary formalities are performed through ________.A. the intermediary of agentsB. the intermediary of brokersC. the charterersD. the "Baltic Exchange"063.The function of "the Baltic Exchange" is ________.A. to deal with stocksB. to exchange cargoesC. to operate on sharesD. to charter ships064.China National Chartering Corporation takes care of chartering business for home shippers. "To take care of " means ________.A. to pay attention toB. to be concerned withC. to be liable forD. to take charge ofPassage 3-17A tropical storm is not so extensive as the depression of higher latitudes but，within 75 miles or so of the center，the wind is often far more violent，and the high and confused seas near the center may cause considerable damage to large and well-found ships，while small vessels (for example，destroyers) have foundered. The danger is still greater when ships are caught in restricted waters without adequate room to maneuver. Within 5 to 10 miles of the center the wind is light or moderate and variable，the sky is clear or partially so，and there is a heavy，sometimes mountainous，confused swell. This area is known as the "eye" of the storm. After passing through the relatively windless center of the storm the wind will suddenly，and with great violence，commence to blow from a direction opposite to that experienced on the other side of the windless center. Due to torrential rain visibility near the storm center is almost nil.065.Within ________ of a tropical storm center，the wind is violent.A. no more than 75 milesB. not more than 75 milesC. 75 miles or a greater distanceD. about 75 miles066.Among the following，________ one may not be found in the "eye" of the storm?A. The visibility is moderate or goodB. The wind is light or moderateC. The sky is clear or partly cloudyD. The swell is low or moderate.067.In the passage，"a well-found ship " means ________.A. a ship has been found in any placeB. a ship has been found in good visibilityC. a ship with all the necessary equipment properly maintainedD. a ship in huge size068.The visibility near tropical storm center is ________.A. Very poorB. PoorC. ModerateD. GoodPassage 3-18By turning the GAIN control clockwise，the gain of the receiver increases and the observing range of the target expands. Adjust this control so that the best pictures may be displayed on the screen，according to the range scale in use. In the short。

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文档下载后可定制随意修改，请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，如想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by theeditor. I hope that after you download them,they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized andmodified after downloading,please adjust and use it according toactual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types ofpractical materials,such as educational essays, diaryappreciation,sentence excerpts,ancient poems,classic articles,topic composition,work summary,word parsing,copyexcerpts,other materials and so on,want to know different data formats andwriting methods,please pay attention!Sailing, a fascinating adventure that brings both excitement and challenges. Let's explore the advantages and disadvantages of sailing.First of all, sailing offers a sense of freedom and liberation. As the wind fills the sails, the boat glides gracefully through the water, leaving behind the hustle and bustle of the city. The vast expanse of the sea becomesyour playground, and you can go wherever the wind takes you. It's a unique experience that allows you to escape from the constraints of daily life and immerse yourself in thebeauty of nature.However, sailing is not without its drawbacks. One ofthe biggest challenges is the unpredictable weather. Storms can arise suddenly, and the wind and waves can become treacherous. It requires skill, knowledge, and experienceto navigate through these conditions safely. The constant need to monitor the weather and make adjustments to thesails can be mentally and physically exhausting.Another disadvantage of sailing is the limited space on board. Unlike a spacious house or apartment, a boat has limited living quarters. The lack of space can be a challenge, especially during long voyages. Storage becomes a precious commodity, and every item on board must have a purpose and be carefully organized. It's a constant battle to find a balance between comfort and functionality.On the positive side, sailing allows you to disconnect from the digital world and reconnect with nature. In our modern society, we are constantly bombarded with notifications, messages, and distractions. Sailing provides a unique opportunity to unplug and appreciate thesimplicity of life. Watching the sunset, observing marine life, and feeling the gentle rocking of the boat can be incredibly calming and therapeutic.Nevertheless, sailing also requires a certain level of physical fitness. Maneuvering the sails, hoisting the anchor, and performing other tasks on board can bephysically demanding. It's important to maintain strength and endurance to handle the physical challenges that come with sailing.In conclusion, sailing is a thrilling adventure that offers freedom, a connection with nature, and a break from the digital world. However, it also comes with challenges such as unpredictable weather, limited space, and physical demands. Despite these drawbacks, the rewards of sailing are worth the effort. So, if you're up for an adventure and ready to embrace the unknown, set sail and let the wind guide you to new horizons.。

2007年第1期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题（总第45期）1. chart correction information is not disseminated through the__D_.海图改正资料不是从下列的哪一项中发布（）a. summary of corrections改正摘要b. local notice to mariners地方性航海通告c. daily memorandum 每日摘要d. chart correction card海图改正卡2.chart legends printed in capital letters show that the associated landmark is _A___.海图图式用大写字母打印表示的相应的陆标是（）a. conspicuous显著的b. inconspicuous不显著的c. a government facility or station政府设施或站点d.a radio transmitter无线电发射器3. lines on a chart which connect points of equal magnetic variation are called _D__.海图上连接所有磁差相同的各点的线叫做（）a. magnetic latitudes磁纬度b. magnetic declinations磁赤纬c. dip磁倾角d. isogonic lines 等磁差线4. in which source could you find the number of a chart for a certain geographic area? __B_要查找某一地区的海图图号，你可以从下列哪一种出版物中查找（）a. chart no.1 一号海图b. catalog of charts 海图目录c. IMO practical navigator IMO实用航海学d. IMO light list IMO灯标表5. you are to _D____the convoy at 1745 hours.你将于1745（加入）编队a.get得到b. take 取来c.have 有d. join加入6. You have anchored in the wrong position obstructing other traffic. You must B .你所抛锚的位置不对，妨碍了其他船舶的通行。

航海英语903机编考试卷50期完整答案无阅读第一篇：航海英语903机编考试卷 50期完整答案无阅读50期 903英语机考题目汇编1,[2286]Some of these shoals have been disproved and are not charted．Nevertheless mariners should ______ with particular caution in this area． A.go B.proceed C.move D.remove KEY: B 2,[136]Information on the operating times and characteristics of foreign radiobeacons can be found in which publication? A.List of Lights B.Coast Pilot C.Sailing Directions D.List of Radiobeacons KEY: A 3[247]A red triangular daymark marks ______.A.the centerline of a navigable channel B.the starboard side of a channel C.a prominent object of navigational interest that has no lateral significance D.an area of a channel where passing another vessel is permitted KEY: B 4[293]What information is found in the chart title? A.Date of the first edition B.Date of the edition and，if applicable，the revision rmation on the sounding datum rmation on which IALA buoyage system applies KEY: C 5[284]The maximum difference between mean time and apparent time is ______.A.equal to the longitude expressed in time units B.about 16 minutes C.the difference between the GHA of mean sun and the first point of Aries D.15°of arc KEY: B 6[279]The chart of a beach area shows a very flat slope to the underwater beach bottom.What type of breakers can be expected when trying to land a boat on this beach? A.Surging B.Spilling C.Plunging D.Converging KEY: B 7,the broken magenta lines starting at Mountank point and running generally ENE to Block Island indicate ___A_____ A recommended tracks to Block Island B a submerged cable area C a military exercise area D demarcation [ˌdi:mɑ:ˌkeɪʃən] 分界线lines for application of the COLREGS 8navigate with _D___ small fishing boats are within 0.8miles of me A carefulil B skill C concern D caution 9[469]Mariners are FIRST warned of serious defects or important changes to aids to navigation by means of ______.A.marine broadcast Notice to Mariners B.Weekly Notices to Mariners C.corrected editions of charts D.Light Lists KEY: A 10[353]All events relating to the voyage，such as ship's position，speed and details of the weather，are recorded in ______.同原题库2246 A.Logbook B.Bell Book C.Oil Record Book pass Error Book KEY: A所有与航次有关的事件，诸如船位，航速和气象的详细资料都被记录在航海日记中。

航海英语复习参考01.1 各类证书的内容、展期与更新01.2 各类报表（海事、海关、检疫、边防等）二航海图书资料02.1 航路指南02.2 进港指南03.3 各种业务通知书03.4各种英文业务电报、电传、传真、电子邮件等03.8 船舶检验报告03.9 货物检验报告四船舶管理04.1 船舶安全管理04.2 港口国检查文件及报告04.3 船长业务基本知识04.4 船员职务基本知识五海事法规05.1 海商法05.2 承运人的责任与海牙规则05.3 共同海损与汉保规则05.4 提单05.5 航次租船合同05.6 定期租船合同05.7 光船租船合同05.8 船舶买卖05.9 船舶运输业务05.10 劳务出租合同（6050中与5.1完全重复）05.11 船舶保险合同与业务05.12 货物保险合同与业务目录05.13 海洋法基本知识05.14 海事案例六国际公约06.1 STCW公约的有关内容06.2 SOLAS公约的有关内容06.3 MARPOL公约的有关内容06.4 救助合同与救助公约八船舶操纵08.1 船舶操纵基本知识08.2 锚泊与靠离泊作业08.3 沿海与大洋航行08.4 狭水道、冰区与运河航行08.5 大风浪中航行08.6车、舵、锚、缆令九船舶避碰09.1 海上避碰规则09.2 航行值班与海上避碰09.3 分道通航制11.9 大副批注01.1 各类证书的内容、展期与更新[1]This Certificate will remain in force until May 1, 2009. This Sentence refers to _____ of the Certificate.A. the validityB. the timeC. the dateD. the issueKEY: A本证书将保持有效到2009年5月1日。

这句指的是证书的有效期。

[2]The International Loadline Certificate is a document indicating ______ of the various loadlines of the vessel.A. functionsB. importancesC. actionsD. positionsKEY: D国际载重线证书是显示载重线在船上不同位置的证书。

Chapter 1Passage 01Merchant ships are designed to carry cargo. Some are also designed to carry passengers. They can operate as liners. These are employed on regular routes on a fixed timetable. A list of their arrival and departure dates is published in advance and they sail whether full or not. Liners can be classed as either deep-sea liners or short-sea liners. The former carry mainly containerized cargo across the oceans of the world; the later carry containerized or conventional cargo on shorter routes. Ferries are also classed as liners. These offer a daily or weekly service for passengers and vehicles across channels and narrow seas. A few ships are still employed as passenger liners. They not only carry passengers but also some cargo on routes from Europe to North America and to the Far East. Nowadays the passenger trade is very small and passenger liners usually operate as cruise ships for part of the year.001.The deep-sea liners ________.A. carry mainly containerized cargoB. carry mainly conventional cargoC. offer a daily or weekly service for passengers and vehiclesD. sail across channels and narrow seas.002.The Liners ________.A. always sail fullB. sail regularly even not fullC. always sail in ballastD. will not sail if not full003.A list of the arrival and departure dates of liners ________.A. will be published weeklyB. will be published when they sail，whether full or not，from Europe to North America and to the Far EastC. will not be published even they sail fully loadedD. is published prior to their departure004.It is implied in the passage that ________.A. the number of passenger ships is smallB. all passenger ships will carry some cargo in near futureC. it is not necessary for liners to sail in regular timeD. container carriers should carry some passengersPassage 02Nowadays，most merchant ships are built to carry cargoes. And they mainly operate as tramps. These vessels do not sail on regular routes or keep to a fixed timetable，but are employed where there is cargo for them to carry. Tramps can be classed as deep-sea tramps or short-sea tramps. A number are classed as coasters. These ply on coastal routes and up rivers to inland ports. The traditional tramp cargoes are dry bulk cargoes，but some are designed to carry general cargoes.A large number of merchant ships operate as specialized vessels. These are designed to carry a particular type of cargo. There are several types of specialized vessel. The most common are oil tankers. They are owned by the major oil companies or by independent operators. Two other types of liquid bulk carrier of growing importance are chemical carriers and liquefied natural gas (LNG) carriers.005.The deep-sea tramps ________.A. carry bulk and general cargo across the high seasB. are built to carry passengersC. are mainly coastersD. are specialized vessel006.The coasters ________.A. always sail across the high seasB. commonly carry oil cargoC. are mainly tankersD. sail on coastal routes and up rivers to inland ports007.The importance of LNG carriers ________.A. is growingB. is not mentioned in passageC. is decreasingD. will be discussed further if necessary008.It is implied in the passage that ________.A. the number of specialized vessels is not smallB. all oil tankers will carry some chemicals in near futureC. the tramps and specialized vessels are the basic type of merchant ships.D. container carriers should not be classed as trampsPassage 03Cargo ships can be divided into two basic types. One type carries dry cargo，the other carries liquid cargo; however，an OBO ship is designed to carry both. A traditional dry cargo ship is the multi-deck vessel. Her holds are dividedhorizontally by one or two 'tween decks，because these make stowage of individual packages easier. Dry bulk cargo is carried in bulk carriers. These do not have 'tween decks as cargo is carried loose. The most modern type of dry cargo carrier is the container ship. They carry containers of standard dimensions，consequently stowage is easier. Fruit，meat and dairy produce are carried in refrigerated ships. Oil tankers are the most common type of liquid cargo carrier. They are often very large，because huge quantities of oil need to be transported and one large vessel is more economical to operate than two smaller ones. Two other types of liquid bulk carrier of growing importance are the liquefied natural gas (LNG) carrier and the chemical carrier，although chemical can also be carried in drums in general cargo ships.009.There are ________ types of liquid bulk carrier.A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 5010.A multi-deck vessel has ________ tween decks.A. has manyB. noC. only oneD. has up to two011.Fruit，meat and dairy produce are carried in________.A. containers carriersB. traditional shipsC. OBO shipsD. refrigerated ships012.The types of dry cargo carriers mentioned in the passage are ________.A. tween deckers，OBO shipsB. traditional dry cargo ship and multi-deck vesselC. OBO ships，oil tankers，chemical tankers and LNG carriersD. dry cargo ship，dry bulk cargo carrier，container carriers and refrigerated shipsPassage 04The axial thrust of the propeller is the force working in a fore and aft direction. This force causes the ship to move ahead through the water or to go astern. Because of her shape，a ship will move ahead through the water more easily than going astern.The transverse thrust is the sideways force of the propeller as it rotates. The transverse effect of the propeller blades at the top near the surface of the water is not strong enough to counteract the opposite effect of the lower blades. For right-handed propellers this cants the ship's stern to starboard and her bow to port，when the ship is going ahead. The effect is small and can be corrected by the rudder. When the engines are put astern，the effect is the opposite and the stern cants to port. This effect is stronger and cannot easily be corrected. Vessels with left-handed propellers behave in the opposite way.013.The force that causes the ship to move ahead through the water or to go astern is known as________.A. axial thrustB. transverse thrustC. the transverse effect of the propeller blades at the top near the surface of the waterD. the transverse effect of the lower blades of the propeller near the bottom of the water014.A left-handed propellers，when the ship is going ahead，will cant ship's stern to________.A. starboardB. portC. to move aheadD. move astern015.The transverse thrust of the propeller is stronger when the ship is________.A. going a sternB. going aheadC. stoppedD. making no way through the water016.The transverse thrust of the propeller can mainly be overcome by ________.A. the rudderB. the propeller itselfC. the nautical instrumentD. wind and tidePassage 05The Chief Officer，or First Mate as he is often called，is the Master's chief officer and head of the Deck Department. He is assisted by a Second Officer (Mate)，a Third Officer(Mate)，and sometimes a Fourth Officer(Mate). Several companies employ a First Officer as well as a Chief Officer. The Deck Department also includes a Boatswain (Bosun) and a Carpenter，both petty officers，and a number of ratings. These made up of Able Seamen (AB)，Ordinary Seamen (OS) and a middle grade known as Efficient Deck Hands (EDH). There are other grades of seamen. On some ships Navigating Cadets are carried for training purposes.The Chief Engineer is head of the Engine Department. He is assisted by a Second，Third，Fourth and sometimes Fifth Engineer. An Electrical Officer may also be carried. The engine room petty officers are the Storekeeper and Donkeyman. On tankers there is also a Pumpman. He is also a petty officer. The engine room ratings are Firemen and Greasers. There may also be Engineer Cadets.The Catering Department is under the Chief Steward. It is divided into a saloon and galley section. The former is headed by the Second Steward，the latter by the Ship's Cook. They are both usually petty officers. They are assisted by severalstewards and cooks，and by a number of junior ratings.The Radio Department often consists of only one man: the Radio Officer. On ships where continuous radio watches are kept there may be three radio officers: a Chief，Second and Third.017.________ is not a petty officer.A. BoatswainB. Second StewardC. Radio Officer.D. Storekeeper018.EDH is rank which is higher than________.A. Second StewardB. ABC. OSD. Chief Engineer019.Storekeeper belong to ________.A. Deck DeptB. Engine DeptC. Catering DeptD. Radio Dept020.There are ________ departments on bard a big ship according to the passage.A. twoB. threeC. fourD. fivePassage 06While every effort is made to ensure that the data provided through the Notices to Mariners service is accurate，the user needs to be aware of the risks to corruption of data. It is important that the user should only use the data on suitable equipment and that，other applications should not be running on the user's machine at the same time. Users should exercise their professional judgement in the use of data，and also consult the Mariners Handbook (NP100) for further details. The user needs to be aware that there is a possibility that data could be corrupted during transmission，or in the process of display or printing on the user's equipment，or if converted to other software formats，and is accordingly advised that the UKHO cannot accept responsibility for any such change，or any modifications or unauthorised changes，made by licensees，or other parties.021.The data may become corrupted in any of the following process except _______.A. during transmissionB. in the display or printing on the user's equipmentC. in converting to other software formatsD. in air mail delivery to the readers022.The use of the data is advised to consult _______ for further details.A. Mariners HandbookB. Sailing DirectionsC. Guide to Port EntryD. Notices to Mariners023.Of the following items _______ is not mentioned for which UKHO will accept no responsibility.A. change in the process of display or printingB. unauthorised changes made by licensees or other partiesC. modifications made by licensees or other partiesD. professional amendments024.It is implied that _______.A. the data are incorrectB. the data are to be corrected intensivelyC. although the data are accurate enough，you are still advised to use it with cautionD. not to use it if you have not enough time or proper equipment to effect necessary correctionPassage 07The container ship is different from the conventional type and is an innovation noted for easier handling and quicker turnover of cargoes. Cargoes to be carried by this type of ship are pre-packed into containers before being loaded aboard the ship.Containers are sealed after being packed with cargoes. Made of metal or other durable materials，they are watertight after sealing and can therefore be stowed on deck whilst being carried. One of the features of container ships is that some of the containers are usually stowed on deck.The container ship is becoming increasingly popular in trading circles，and the trend is that the tonnage thereof will grow at a faster pace in future.025.What does "innovation" in the first paragraph mean? ________.A. making changesB. the introduction of an antigenic substance into the body against a specific diseaseC. The act of introducing something new.D. revolution026.Containers are sealed after being packed with cargoes.A. filledB. loadedC. stuffedD. closed officially or under the supervision of notary public027.Of the following，________ is not the feature of the container ship?A. Some of the containers are usually stowed on deck.B. It is easy for handling and quick turnover of the cargoC. The container ship is becoming increasingly saferD. Cargoes are pre-packed into the container028.The tonnage of container ship is ________.A. decreasingB. increasingC. remaining the sameD. changingPassage 08Nautical charts are indispensable to mariners. They，however，are subject to frequent changes，such as those of navigational aids，of waterways due to the dredging and construction，of depths of water，and of removal or appearance of wrecks. In order to keep up-to-date and reliable，nautical charts have to undergo correction. Changes of importance are generally promulgated by weekly edition of Notices to Mariners，which enable mariners to correct the charts by hand. If major changes make it impracticable to do so，the Notices will provide a reproduction of a small area，which is also called block，to be pasted onto the chart in its correct position.029.Nautical charts need correction because ________.A. navigational aids are sometimes indispensable.B. there are always some mistakesC. wrecks may appear or be removedD. they could never be reprinted030.Correction to charts are made by crew members in accordance with ________.A. Notices to MarinersB. Sailing DirectionsC. Guide to Port EntryD. Supplement031.In the passage，Blocks are ________.A. large scale chartsB. representations of chartsC. reproductions of portions of chartsD. small scale charts032.The purpose of correction to charts is to ________.A. keep them up-to-dateB. make the charts brand-newC. keep the charts available to all mariners in the worldD. keep the charts free from mistakesPassage 09Corrections to Sailing Directions are given in Section Ⅳ. Those in force at the end of the year are reprinted in the Annual Summary of Notices to Mariners. A list of corrections in force is published in Section Ⅳ of the Weekly Edition for the last week of each month.It is recommended that corrections be kept in a file with the latest list of corrections in force on top. The list should be consulted when using the parent book to see if any corrections affecting the area under consideration are in force.It is not recommended that corrections be stuck in the parent book or current supplement，but，if this is done，when a new supplement is received care must be taken to retain those corrections issued after the date of the new supplement，which may be several months before its receipt on board.033.________ are reprinted in the Annual Summary of Notices to Mariners.A. The Sailing DirectionsB. The corrections to Sailing DirectionsC. The effective corrections to Notices to MarinersD. The Weekly Edition034.The parent book is ________.A. The Sailing DirectionB. The corrections to Sailing Directions in forceC. the Annual Summary of Notices to MarinersD. the Weekly Edition035.It is recommended that corrections to the Sailing Directions be ________.A. made by handB. consulted at the last week of each monthC. stuck in the parent book or current supplementD. kept in a file with the latest list of corrections in force on top036.If the corrections be stuck in the parent book or current supplement，________.A. when a new supplement is received，those corrections issued after the date of the new supplement must be retainedB. the parent book must be consultedC. the current supplement must be consultedD. the Annual Summary of Notices to Mariners must be usedPassage 10The amount of detail shown on a chart varies with the scale of the chart. On a large scale chart，for example，full details of all lights and fog signals are shown，but on smaller scales the order of reduction of information in elevation，period，range，until on an ocean chart of the area only lights with a range of 15 miles or more will normally be inserted，and then only their light-star and magenta flare. On the other hand，radio beacons are omitted from large scale charts where their use would be inappropriate，and，unless they are long range beacons，from ocean charts.037.Ocean charts are ________ ones.A. large scaleB. small scaleC. inappropriateD. omitted038.What cannot be found in the large scale charts? ________.A. Radio beacons of small rangeB. Full details of all lights.C. ElevationsD. Full details of fog signals039.The light-star and magenta flare are shown on ________.A. large scale charts onlyB. small scale charts onlyC. both small and large scale chartsD. neither small nor large scale charts040.The title of this passage should be ________.A. Lights and Beacons on ChartsB. Characteristic of Lights and BeaconsC. Corrections to Small and Large Scale chartsD. Navigational Charts PublicationPassage 11DALIAN OBSY GALE WARNING 190600ZCOLD FRONT WILL PASS BOHAI SEA BOHAI STRAITS NORTH AND CENTRAL HUANGHAI SEA CAUSING GALE WINDS TOMORROW AFTERNOON AND EVENING STOP.SYNOPTIC SITUA TION 190600ZLOW 994 HPA AT 48N 118E MOVING SE 8 KTS WITH COLD FRONT FROM CENTER PASSISNG 44N 128E HIGH 1013HPA AT 38N 124E STA TIONARY STOP24HOURS WEATHER FORECAST FROM 191000ZBOHAI SEA BOHAI STRAITS NORTH AND CENTRAL HUANGHAI SEA PARL Y CLOUDY BECOMING OVERCAST TOMORROW WITH RAIN SW WINDS FORCE 7 TO 8 TOMORROW ATERNOON AND EVENING SEA ROUGH BECOMING VERY ROUGH STOP.041.The COLD FRONT will pass Bohai Sea，Bohai Straits，North and central Huanghai Sea onA. The 20thB. The 19thC. The 18thD. The 6th042.________ is stationary at 38N 124E.A. Low 994 HpaB. High 1013 HpaC. Cold frontD. Warm front043.The winds are expected tomorrow to be_______?A. roughB. very roughC. SE 8 knotsD. SW 7-8 in force044.What is the weather like tomorrow in this area? _______.A. It will be partly cloudy becoming overcast with rain and SW force 7-8 windsB. LOW 994 HPA at 48N 118E is moving SE 8 KTS with COLD FRONT from center passing 44N 128EC. HIGH 1013HPA at 38N 124E will be stationaryD. It will rain the whole dayPassage 12In some parts of a chart where the spaces are rather blank and there are no symbols of any kind，there may be Cautions，Warnings，Notes，etc.，which should be taken into account while using a chart. All of those Cautionary Notes give the mariner facilities to ensure safe navigation，such as to avoid running aground in shallow waters and making damages to nearby fishing gears，and to keep off any hazards in areas where submarine frequently exercises. Furthermore，they are of good help to mariners，as to the reliability of the navigational aids especially in congested waters or narrow channels，to prevent any possible accidents.045.What is the main topic of this passage? ________.A. Regulations of the harborB. Details in the Sailing DirectionsC. Rules of the terminalD. Description on Admiralty Charts046.According to the passage，you must pay attention to ________ while using a chart.A. Cautions，Warnings and NotesB. Reports，Symbols and ChartsC. Explanations，accounts and answersD. Damages，hazards and injuries047.Cautionary Notes are helpful for mariners ________.A. to run aground in shallow watersB. to make damages to nearby fishing gearsC. to keep off hazards in areas where submarine exercisesD. to keep the reliability of the aids to navigation in congested waters or narrow channels048.Cautions，Warnings，Notes，etc. are likely inserted in some parts of a chart where ________.A. submarine frequently exercisesB. there are fishing gearsC. the waters is congested and the channels are narrowD. the spaces are rather blank and there are no symbols of any kindPassage 13Logbooks required by law，to be filled out by masters or officers on duty of every ship，the forms of which must be proved by the shipping companies or marine authorities.Logbooks are used to record the events occurring during the ship's stay in a harbor，at anchorage，or underway，and they are also requested to produce evidences in case officials inquire about accidents.On completion of the voyage the logbook must be submitted to the superintendent of the owner or the marine authorities for justification，checking or approval. Therefore，everything recorded in the logbook must be true and accurate. When a misentry has been made in the log，a red line would be drawn on those parts. The correct entry with signature should be made near or above them. No erasures or cuts are to be allowed.049.The best title for the passage is " ________ "A. The forms of logbooksB. The use of logbooksC. Characteristics of logbooksD. How to check logbooks050.When a misentry has been made in the log，________.A. erasures or cuts are to be allowed.B. it is to be corrected out by masters or officers on duty of every shipC. it is to be produced in case officials inquire about accidents.D. a red line would be drawn on those parts，with correct entry with signature being made near or above them. 051.The forms of logbooks must be proved by ________.A. officials who inquire about accidents.B. the shipping companies or marine authorities.C. masters or officers on duty.D. the superintendent of the owner.052.The logbook must be submitted ________ to the superintendent of the owner or the marine authorities for justification，checking or approval.A. on completion of the voyageB. in a harborC. at anchorageD. underwayPassage 14For navigation，radar is of incredible value. It provides the navigator with his position，his distance from ships or obstructions nearby and other accurate information to prevent collision and ensure the safety of the ship. Radar can display all objects within its working range clearly，either in clear weather or in thick fog. In addition，if the radar information is correctly interpreted，the navigator can easily work out the speed and direction of an approaching object and take proper measures to keep his ship from any danger.Shore-based radar also plays an important role in shipping. If ship's radar is in trouble，the radar observer at the stations will use VHF radio to alert them to other traffic in the vicinity as well as to advise their position. Up to now，many radar surveillance systems have been installed in most large seaports. They are intended to smooth and control the flow of traffic to and from the harbor.053.For navigation，the radar is ________.A. of no valueB. very importantC. so expensive that people don't know how much it isD. valueless054.Which of the following statements about radar's function for marine purposes is incorrect? ________.A. It provides the navigator the ship's positionB. It provides information to protect ships from collisionC. It displays all the objects at sea clearlyD. It displays the observer's distance from ships and obstructions nearby055.If the ship's radar is in trouble，the shore-based radar ________.A. may provide the ship of her positionB. should be installed with surveillance systemsC. shall advise the ship to use VHFD. will be put into use immediately056.Radar surveillance systems ________.A. may provide all ships of their technical conditionsB. should be installed with VHFC. shall be correctly interpreted，D. are intended to smooth and control the flow of traffic to and from the harbor.Passage 15Communications over relatively short distances can be made by visual or sound signals. Visual signals can be sent by using flags or an Aldis lamp. An Aldis lamp is an electric lamp used for flashing messages in Morse code. The traditional method of signaling from one ship to another is by using flags. There are different colored flags for each letter of the alphabet. There are also pennant-shaped flags for numbers，and a long pennant，known as an answering or code pennant. Three other flags，which are burgee-shaped，are known as substitutes. These show that the flat or pennant is being repeated. Besides standing for a letter of the alphabet，each flag，when hoisted along，has another meaning. For example，the "W" flag also means: "I require medical assistance". Flags can also be hoisted in combinations of two，three or four. Siren，whistle，bell or other sound signals can be used in fog and similar circumstances when visual signals can not be seen.munications over relatively short distances may be made by ________.A. visual signalsB. sound signalsC. Morse CodeD. Either visual or sound signals058.An Aldis lamp is used for ________.A. transmitting Morse codeB. flashing flagsC. sending flag signalsD. sending sound signals059.Burgee-shaped flags are used as substitutes to show ________.A. "repeating"B. "answering"C. "code" pennantD. "I requiring medical assistance"060.________ are used in fog and similar circumstances when visual signals can not be seen.A. Visual signalsB. SubstitutesC. Pennant-shaped flagsD. The ship's siren，whistle or bellPassage 16When the senders of goods have large shipment to make，and especially when bulk cargo is concerned，it is advisable that they have some ships at their disposal. Some of the big companies set up a fleet of their own，but the rest may find it more profitable to hire instead of building or buying ships. This is called "chartering". The chartering of the ship is usually done through the intermediary of brokers，who，when hired，will go through all the necessary formalities on behalf of the charterer. In London there is a special center "the Baltic Exchange"，where the brokers operate in much the same way as stock and share brokers on a stock exchange. But it is easy for home shippers to hire Chinese or foreign ships through China National Chartering Corporation，which takes care of chartering business on orders from various import and export corporations.061.When large shipment is concerned，________ is not the way for the sender to have ships at their disposal.A. to charter shipsB. to build shipsC. to buy shipsD. to scrape ships062.In chartering all the necessary formalities are performed through ________.A. the intermediary of agentsB. the intermediary of brokersC. the charterersD. the "Baltic Exchange"063.The function of "the Baltic Exchange" is ________.A. to deal with stocksB. to exchange cargoesC. to operate on sharesD. to charter ships064.China National Chartering Corporation takes care of chartering business for home shippers. "To take care of " means ________.A. to pay attention toB. to be concerned withC. to be liable forD. to take charge ofPassage 17A tropical storm is not so extensive as the depression of higher latitudes but，within 75 miles or so of the center，the wind is often far more violent，and the high and confused seas near the center may cause considerable damage to large and well-found ships，while small vessels (for example，destroyers) have foundered. The danger is still greater when ships are caught in restricted waters without adequate room to maneuver. Within 5 to 10 miles of the center the wind is light or moderate and variable，the sky is clear or partially so，and there is a heavy，sometimes mountainous，confused swell. This area is known as the "eye" of the storm. After passing through the relatively windless center of the storm the wind will suddenly，and with great violence，commence to blow from a direction opposite to that experienced on the other side of the windless center. Due to torrential rain visibility near the storm center is almost nil.065.Within ________ of a tropical storm center，the wind is violent.A. no more than 75 milesB. not more than 75 milesC. 75 miles or a greater distanceD. about 75 miles066.Among the following，________ one may not be found in the "eye" of the storm?A. The visibility is moderate or goodB. The wind is light or moderateC. The sky is clear or partly cloudyD. The swell is low or moderate.067.In the passage，"a well-found ship " means ________.A. a ship has been found in any placeB. a ship has been found in good visibilityC. a ship with all the necessary equipment properly maintainedD. a ship in huge size068.The visibility near tropical storm center is ________.A. Very poorB. PoorC. ModerateD. GoodPassage 18By turning the GAIN control clockwise，the gain of the receiver increases and the observing range of the target expands. Adjust this control so that the best pictures may be displayed on the screen，according to the range scale in use. In the short range，it is advisable to operate the equipment with this control set at a setting where the receiver gain is rather lowered a little. In the long range，it is advisable to operate the equipment with this control set at a setting where the receiver gain is rather increased a little. With too little gain，the small targets are missed and there is a decrease in the detected range. With excessive gain，since the screen becomes brighter because the noise increases，the contrast between echoes and background noise reduces，making target observation more difficult. In the crowded regions，the gain may be reduced to clear the picture.069.Switching from short range to long range，you will have to _______.A. turn the Gain control clockwiseB. turn the Gain control anticlockwiseC. turn off the GainD. keep the Gain control remaining in its original position070.By turning the Gain clockwise，the contrast between echoes and background noise will _______.A. increaseB. decreaseC. not changeD. increase or decrease according to the range scale in use071.By _______ the best picture will be displayed on the screen，.A. turning the Gain control clockwiseB. turning the Gain control anticlockwiseC. keeping the Gain control remaining in its original positionD. increasing or decreasing the gain according to the range scale in use072.With too little gain，_______.A. the target observation will be more difficult under the increasing contrastB. the contrast between echoes and background noise reducesC. the screen becomes brighter because the noise increasesD. the small targets are missed and there is a decrease in the detected rangePassage 19BISCAY: SW 3 OR 4 INCREASING 6 TO GALE 8，THEN VEERING NW 5. RAIN THEN SHOWERS. MODERATE。