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2021年高三英语语法专题主谓一致 Word版含答案在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。
寻其规律，大致可归纳为三个原则，即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。
一、就近一致原则1．由or，not only...but also...，neither...nor...，either...or...，whether...or...，not...but...等连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时，通常根据就近一致原则，谓语动词要与离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。
Neither his parents nor I am able to persuade him to change his mind.他的父母和我都不能说服他改变主意。
2．here/there引导一个句子而主语又不止一个时，通常根据就近原则，谓语动词要与离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。
Here is a ruler，a few pencils and two copybooks.这里有一把尺子、一些铅笔和两本字帖。
二、意义一致原则1．谓语动词必须用单数的情况(1)表示学科的名词以及works(工厂)，news(消息)等作主语时，虽然本身为复数形式，但表示单数意义时，谓语动词仍用单数。
Politics is his favorite subject.政治是他最爱的科目。
(2)表示某些组织机构的名词、书/报名、国名、地名等作主语时，虽然形式上是复数，但所表示的意义是单数，所以谓语动词用单数。
Do you know when the United Nations was set up?你知道联合国是什么时候建立的吗？2．谓语动词必须用复数的情况表示总称意义的名词，如people，police，public，cattle等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
The police are searching for the murderer.警察正在搜捕杀人凶手。
主谓一致主谓一致的概念所谓主谓一致是指“主语和谓语动词”之间,即（主语的人称和单复数形式）决定着（谓语动词对应的形式）。
一、【语法一致】1. <and连接>两个或两个以上单数名词或者代词作主语的时候,谓语动词有以下两种情况：(1) 如果指两个或两个以上不同的人或事物的时候,谓语动词用复数。
He and she _____both students of this school.他和她都是这个学校的学生。
（2）如果连接两个以上的名词指的是同一个人或物, 或者指同一概念的时候, 谓语要用单数。
The singer and dancer____ going to give us a performance.那个歌唱家兼舞蹈演员要给我们表演。
2. 如果主语是<不定式, 动词ing形式或主语从句>的时候,谓语动词一般用单数。
When he is coming seems very important.他什么时候要来看起来很重要。
Collecting stamps is his hobby.收集邮票是他的爱好。
To love her is not to break her wings.爱她就不该折断她自由飞翔的翅膀。
3. 定语从句的<关系代词who, which, that>在从句中作主语时，要与<先行词>的人称和数保持一致。
Those who enjoy singing may join us.Tom, who is your friend, should help you.4. 在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。
例如:Between the two windows hangs a picture.二、[意义一致原则]指主谓一致取决于主语的其实际意义。
（有的主语名词在形式上是单数, 但在意义上却是复数；有的主语名词在形式上是复数, 但在意义上却是单数。
高考英语语法主谓一致用法详解主谓一致是指：1）语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。
3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语，一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。
例如：There is much water in the thermos.但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。
例如：Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.并列结构作主语时谓语用复数，例如：Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。
注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。
例如：The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。
典型例题The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.A. isB. wasC. areD. were答案B. 注：先从时态上考虑。
这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C。
本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。
后面的职务用and 相连。
这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。
主谓一致中的靠近原则1）当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
例如： There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一支笔、一把小刀和几本书。
主谓一致讲解及练习（二）概念：主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系；主谓一致的一致关系由以下三个原则支配：二、语法一致1、意义：语法一致的原则是指主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致：即，主语是单数形式，谓语也采用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语也采用复数形式；A grammar book helps you learn something about the rules of a language. Grammar books help you learn something about the rules of a language.2、关于语法一致的具体情况：1）不定式、动名词、以及从句作主语时应看做单数，谓语动词用单数；Reading often means learning.To read English aloud every morning does you a lot of good.What he said has been recorded .2）如果主语后面跟有with, together with, along with, but, except, like, in addition to, including,主谓一致语法一致意义一致就近原则besides, as well as, as much as, rather than, more than等短语再加一个名词时，谓语动词仍与主语保持一致；A library together with 5000 books was given to our school as a gift.Mr. Johnson as well as his wife and children is visiting the Great Wall now.All but Tom have gone to the cinema.3）用and连接的并列主语，如果主语是同一个人、同一个事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数，否则用复数；A teacher and writer is going to give us a speech.Bread and butter is usually my breakfast.The professor and scientist has already come.A teacher and a writer are in the office.4）用and连接的并列主语被each, every, no或many a修饰时，谓语动词用单数；Each boy and each girl has been given a gift.No teacher and no student is in the classroom.Every pen and every book has been laid on the desk already.Many a boy and many a girl is interested in her lesson.5）each of + 复数代词，谓语动词用单数；复数代词+ each，谓语动词用复数；Each of us has something to say.Each of them has been given a piece of bread.We each have a dictionary.They each have done their work.6）none作主语，修饰可数名词复数时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数；但修饰不可数名词时，谓语动词只能用单数；None of us are (is) perfect.None of these books are (is) mine.None of his money has been found again.None of this worries me.7）名词如trousers, scissors, glasses, goods, clothes等作主语时，谓语动词必须用复数；但当它们前面有a pair of或one pair of修饰时，谓语动词只能用单数；My trousers are black.His glasses are expensive.A pair of trousers lies on my bed.A pair of glasses was given to me as a gift.8）形复意单名词如：news；以-ics结尾的学科名词如：physics, mathematics, economics；国名如：the United States；报纸名如：the New York Times；书名如：Arabian Nights；机构名如：the United Nations等作主语时，谓语动词要用单数；Arabian Nights is full of interesting stories.The New York Times is a popular reading material for students.Physics is my favorite subjects.9）“a/an + 名词+ and a half”；“one and a half + 名词”；“the number of + 名词”等作主语时，谓语动词要用单数；An apple and a half is on the table.One and a half days has passed.The number of the students in our class is 63.10）百分数（或分数）+ of + 可数名词单数（或不可数名词）作主语，谓语动词用单数；百分数（或分数）+ of + 可数名词复数作主语，谓语动词用复数；Twenty percent of land has been turned into a playground.Two thirds of the apple is rotten.Sixty percent of the workers in the factory are women.11）“many a/an + 名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数，但是表达的是复数意义；Many a student is interested in English.Many a teacher has resigned.Many an apple has gone bad.Many a mistake has been made by him.12）“a (large) quantity of + 名词”作主语时，名词是可数名词单数或不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数；名词是可数名词复数时，谓语动词用复数；“a (large) amount of + 不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；“large quantities of + 可数名词复数或不可数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数；“large amounts of + 不可数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数；A large quantity of sugar has been put in the boiled water.A large amount of time has been spent on English.Large quantities of money have been wasted on the project.Large amounts of time have been saved by the new invention.13）“this kind of + 复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；“复数名词+ of this kind”作主语时，谓语动词用复数；This kind of apples was imported from America.Apples of this kind were imported from America.14）“a/an + 单数名词+ or two”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；“one or two + 复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数；A day or two is enough for this work.One or two days are enough for this work.A man or two is to be sent there to help them.One or two men are to be sent there to help them.15）“a set of + 复数名词”及“a series of + 复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；A series of debates was scheduled for the weekend.The sales man told me that a good set of tires was guaranteed to run at least fifty thousand miles.16）在“one of + 复数名词+ 定语从句”结构中，定语从句中的谓语动词用复数；但是如果one前面有the only修饰时，定语从句的谓语动词只能用单数；Mary is one of the students that have been invited to sing at the concert.Mary is the only one of the students that has been invited to sing at the concert.例题：1、The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _____ saved for other purposes.A. isB. areC. wasD. were【解析】D.本题考查时态与主谓一致。
主谓一致讲解及巩固练习主谓一致(Subject- Verb Agreement)，指”人称”和”数方面的一致关系。
(一) 语法一致原则: 即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数. 以下为注意事项:1. with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的主语由前面的主语决定。
Air as well as water is matter.No one except two servants was late for the dinner.2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数. 如:The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人)A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物) 用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
3. 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 如: Serving the people is my great happiness.When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided.4. 用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数.Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming.No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting.Each man and (each) woman is asked to help.5. each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用单数. 复数代词+each, 谓语动词用单数.如:Each of us has something to say.6. 若主语中有more than one 或many a/an , 尽管从意义上看是复数, 但它的谓语动词仍用单数。
牛津高中英语语法复习：主谓一致牛津高中英语语法复习：主谓一致在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。
寻其规律，大致可归纳为三个原则，即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。
（一）语法一致原则：语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。
1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。
如：His father is ring n the far / T stud English ell is nt eas / hat he said is ver iprtant fr us all / The hildren ere in the lassr t hurs ag / Reading in the sun is bad fr ur ees注意：由hat引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或hat从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。
如：hat I bught ere three English bs / hat I sa and d is (are) helpful t u2、由连接词and或bth … and连接起的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。
如：Lu and Lil are tins / She and I are lassates / The b and the girl ere surprised hen the heard the nes / Bth she and he are ung Pineers注意：①若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。
如：The riter and artist has e; / ②由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有n, eah, ever re than a (an) , an a (an)修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。
授课日期时间 A / B / C / D / E / F段主题主谓一致用法总结学习目标1.主谓一致知识点梳理和总结概括；2.主谓一致与其他语法的结合；教学内容1、上次课后巩固作业复习；2、互动探索教学建议：通过改错，让学生找出共同点，并且直接过渡到主谓一致的学习。
改错：1. Her clothes is nearly worn out.2. Her family is all sports lovers.3. She spends most of her times in science researches.4. About 70 percent of the surface of our planet are covered by water.5. Either Bill or John want the football tickets for tomorrow.Key: 1 is 改成are 2 is 改成are 3 times改成time 4 are改成is 5 want改成wants（此部分测试时间为20分钟左右，讲评时间为15分钟左右。
）建议步骤：1)在10分钟内学员独立完成测试；2)老师给出答案，学员相互批改；3)在5分钟内就错题学员间相互合作，讨论错题，保证每一位学员都懂；4)老师随机抽查，根据学生的整体表现给出此部分的班级得分（评分标准参考课堂激励评分标准）（基础题）1. According to a survey, the number of Chinese weibo users ________ (reach) 250 million so farthis year, making China the world's No. 1 weibo-using country.2. World Wildlife Fund's project Earth Hour, which encourages people to turn off the light foran hour on the last Saturday of every March, ________ (carry out) to help to create a promising future for the planet.3 Did you foresee that so many investors ______ (lose) all their money in the stock market?4. All the residents in the area ______ (advise) that they move into new flats within three months.5. Since the 14th and 15th centuries, the Diaoyu Islands _____ (include) in Chinese maps.6. The low-budget film Lost in Thailand just __________ (become) the most bankable Chinese filmof all time.7. ---I don’t think our coach knows the real reason for our losing the match.---Well, surprisingly, he does. Our team leader has been called in and (question) now.8. Dr. Margaret Chan was eventually selected as the world's top health official and it is the firsttime that a Chinese ________(hold) such a high-ranking U.N. post.9. More than 20 cars of the new type _____ (sell) in the first three days after its launch lastSaturday.10. – Mike, did you see Mr. Chapman in the office just now?-- Yes, he ______（interview）, and he looked a little bit nervous.与其他工业国家一样，英国在过去的一百年里发生了巨大的变化。
高一主谓一致讲解及练习定谓语的数。
3. Chinese, French, mathematics, statistics, electronics, economics, politics, linguistics,optics等表示语言或学科的单词作主语时,谓语动词用作单数。
Chinese, Japanese, French, English 表示某国人时,根据意义一致的原则决定谓语的数。
4. works (工厂),means (方法) series (系列), deer( 鹿), sheep(绵羊)根据所暗示的数来决定谓语的数。
5.以-s结尾的表示由成对部分组成的物体的名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
如trousers,glasses, scissors, pants等。
如果这些词与a pair of, a couple of连用，动词的数与pair,couple的数保持-致。
6. clothes, goods, wages, stairs, taxes, earnings, belongings, savings, leavings 作复数用，其后面的谓语动词要用复数。
7. news, music, equipment, luggage, information, furniture, advice, progress等不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
复数形式的专有名词作主语1.表示国家城市、机构、组织的专有名词一般视为单数,作主语时谓语动词用单数。
2.某些表示群岛、山脉、瀑布的专有名词往往作复数用，作主语时谓语动词用复数。
3.以复数形式出现的表示书籍、报纸、杂志的专有名词一般视为单数,作主语时谓语动词用单数。
4.以复数形式出现的表示同姓的一家人或同名、同姓的若干人的名词作主语,谓语动词用复数。
“名词+短语"作主语1.主语之后带有as well as, as much as, rather than, more than, no less than等短语时,谓语动词的数与前面的主语保持一致。
十七、主谓一致1并列结构作主语时的主谓一致1.由and连接主语时and连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数①并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数如：Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students.Like many others,the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold.小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子。
Both rice and wheat are grown in this area.②并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式如：The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting.那位教授兼作家正在会上发言。
His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe.他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行。
注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词；指不同的需要分别加冠词；但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可如：the writer and the educator have visited our school.the writer and educator has visited our school.A boy and girl are playing tennis.③ 并列主语前有each, every, many a, no等修饰时谓语动词用单数如：Each doctor and (each)nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients.Every man,woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity.Every boy and (every)girl admires him for his fine sense of humour.Many a boy and (many a)girl has made the same mistake.No boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里注意：many a跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多如：Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie.④并列主语为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数如：A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up.The kni fe and fork has been washed.War and peace is a constant theme in history.注意；常被视为主体的结构A cup and saucer 一副杯碟A horse and car 马车Aknife and fork 一副刀叉A law and rule 法规A needle and thread 一套针线Fish and chips炸鱼加炸薯条The stars and stripes 星条旗2.由(either)…or或neither…nor等连接的主语时由either…or； neither…nor； or； not only…but (also)…连接主语时,谓语动词陈述句中就近原则如：Either you or Jane is to be sent to New York.要你要么简被派往纽约。
