玛氏面试案例分析培训 Case interview

其实现在也还没有决定去玛氏，内心在强大的挣扎中，一面是自己喜欢的公司和事业，一面是更高的职业起点和薪水，所以我也不知道怎么做决定。

还是攒人品写玛氏的面经吧。

玛氏的宣讲会因为和荷兰银行重了，所以没有去，不过后来听说有巧克力发，后悔了。

笔试波澜不惊，因为对SHL还是比较有信心的，那时候也没有笔试被鄙视的经历，但是玛氏的笔试还是挺难的，虽然我数学做完了还有检查，但是阅读就还有2篇没有做完。

比较ft的是我那个考场有人作弊，就是还没有宣布开始就有人开始做，我可以很清楚地看到我前面一排人的行动。

在这里，我还是想说，诚信第一，个人和北大的声誉要紧。

然后就是一面。

Group discussion还是非常有趣的，我自然而然当了leader，我也不知道怎么回事从什么时候开始，就开始领导小组的进度了，其实我最怕被人12.2-12.4去北京参加玛氏的终面AC，是抱着一种不知所措的心情搭上的飞往京城的飞机。

此次北京之行的收获不仅在于一个沉甸甸的结果，更多的是，在这短短三天内，我认识了一个曾未认识过的自己，收获了一个让我自己以及我的beloved的family和朋友都可以安心的我。

背景：这次进京，我不是一个可以轻松的可以高昂着头一笑而过的candidate。

我着实是带着压力去的。

而且这个压力是在我终面的前一晚戏剧性地达到了顶峰。

我的Job Hunting真正进行的只有三家：玛氏、太古和英博。

太古：暑期实习的地儿，原以为是很稳健的拿到全职Offer。

国庆期间，在正式招聘的网申都尚未截至时，我们8个实习生奔到香港直接参加了Final Interview。

然而之后结果一直未出。

拖到10月底，接到通知，公司决定给我加一轮太古航空的final面，同时并未告知我太古地产的结果。

11.2面完航空后，等了两周，在以为要出结果的时候，得到通知，说要等到12月初正式招聘全部结束后，给我答复。

（这中间夹杂了更为复杂的过程，若干。

省略。

）英博：因为对太古Offer的过于自信，导致基本没有备胎。

MARS InterviewCASE STUDYTelekenesis Inc.PricewaterhouseCoopers has recently proposed on, and appears to have won, a major engagement to create an information technology strategy for Telekenesis. PricwaterhouseCoopers has worked for Telekenesis in the past, but has not done any significant work for over a year and a half. This is PricwaterhouseCoopers’ first substantial engagement with the company.Company BackgroundTelekenesis was formed in 1992 by executives from four former Regional Bell Operating Companies (RBOCs) and two principals in Silicon Valley technology start-ups. One of the principals is from a start-up company that pioneered a new kind of wireless propagation technology.Telekenesis was founded on the principle that the current telecommunications industry is populated with companies who are almost congenitally incapable of optimizing their form of organization and culture to meet the competitive challenges of the 1990s. The founders believe that local loop technology, which relies on communication devices which are peers in a large technology community, where every device has a permanent and unchangeable identification, is the silver bullet of the telecommunications industry, and that the RBOCs are not ready or willing to exploit it. Local loop technology (LLT) is considered by RBOC management to be radical, unproven and unreliable.Telekenesis Inc. is modestly profitable, with $131,000,000 in sales and approximately 200,000 customers spread out over four adjacent, mostly rural geographies. Approximately 90% of its sales come from four small local telephone companies. The company's strategy is to use the operating experience and customer positioning of the four local telephone companies to develop and implement local loop wireless service or LLWS (often pronounced "laws"). The concept behind this service is based on the fact that the current phone companies control wiring to and from a central office facility. This facility is in effect a big switching box. The central office acts like a big hub with many spokes radiating from it. LLWS eliminates the central office and substitutes simple, unobtrusive, premises wireless relay equipment. There is at least one local loop server facility that is somewhat analogous to a central office but not needed to maintain service. The server facility is used to monitor quality and provide a trap for billing.Local loop wireless services are fully integrated. They include telephonic communication as well as cellular, pager, on-demand video, and "highway" services. Highway services permit companies within the local loop to communicate with each other as if they were on a large universal local area network. Computers located in both home and office are immediately interconnected by the local loop. Importantly, there are literally no wires involved in any of these services (except of course for plugging into the wall to get electricity). Physical customer hook-ups are non-existent. Customers are granted access, and services and information are secured through software interfaces in LLWS devices, such as television sets, laptop computers, pagers, etc. Telekenesis has a number of arrangements with software and hardware vendors to create LLWS devices.Understandably, the industry discounts LLWS as another "high tech California fantasy." Bell Core engineers, while acknowledging the future potential of local loop technology, dispute Telekenesis's claims that the bandwidth and quality is actually present in production, commercially available products to be installed in the real world.Telekenesis' doctrine is to completely convert all 200,000 current subscribers of the four local phone companies at once, with no phase in. Each of the four local companies will be converted separately. Telekenesis bought the four local phone companies in order to have large scale pilot sites for local loop wireless services. Telekenesis' fundamental business proposition is that the changing regulatory landscape will allow it to compete with local Bell telephone companies, providing a higher performance,lower cost alternative to the existing local phone companies for local and long-distance telephone service, paging, cable t.v., and cellular phones.Industry TrendsThe early 1980s were a time of turmoil for the telecommunications industry. For the first time in history, AT&T was deregulated and lost its monopoly status. This meant competition for AT&T where none had existed before. Long-distance was the arena of competition."Telecommunications" includes much more than simply making a phone-call. It encompasses cable television service and network connectivity which brings interactive television, shopping forums, education and information services into the home. The phone lines that the telecommunications companies control enable computers to communicate from remote locations, and can gather information from databases and news services around the world within seconds.The possibilities for profits in this arena are practically limitless, and the sphere of competition is expanding. Up to 1994, only long-distance carriers were in competition, but local calling areas are going to be opened up for competition in the late 1990s.Telekenesis OrganizationThere are currently three business units: 1) residential, which is divided into the "plain vanilla" customers that have only one phone line into the house and no add-ons such as cellular phones, pagers, additional lines, etc. and 2) residential customers who have add-on services and are good candidates for taking advantage of the new technology; and 3) small business. Each of Telekenesis's business units has a President who reports to the CEO. In addition, R&D and Technology Assurance, essentially a quality management program, also report directly to the CEO. Telekenesis is tightly controlled by the principals who founded the company and all the senior positions just described are held by the founders.There are really no Corporate functional areas such as Finance, Purchasing, Distribution, and Human Resources. These functions exist in the original phone companies as they did before the companies were acquired. An outsider with the title of Chief Financial Officer runs the Corporate functional area. She had a brief tenure as the CFO of an RBOC. The Technology Assurance Group helps support the existing communications and networking infrastructure.Telekenesis Current SituationPricewaterhouseCoopers was retained because of their knowledge of the RBOCs and an audit relationship with the four local phone companies. They were retained by Telekenesis for special start-up services, legal and regulatory counsel and assistance in dealing with obtaining additional venture capital financing. Because of the technology nature of Telekenesis, the PricwaterhouseCoopers Financial Advisory Services partner contacted IT Strategic Services. The Firm has now been asked to deal with the operational dimensions of Telekenesis as it commences detailed tactical planning for LLWS activation. Another management consulting firm is providing some business strategy consulting to Telekenesis. PricewaterhouseCoopers has been asked to propose on three major stages of work: 1) process vision; 2) tactical doctrine; 3) infrastructure and value. These are meant to give Telekenesis "process efficacy." This is their language.The current company is, in effect, the combination of the four small southern telephone companies that were acquired and are now operated by Telekenesis. However, except for top management, the vast majority of employees of the telephone companies were retained, as were the administrative and operational support systems. Some of those employees are very excited to be able to participate in this opportunity, but a lot of the old timers are dubious and apprehensive.All telephone company processes and functions are essentially the same as before the acquisition by Telekenesis. Telekenesis concentrated on establishing a simple, "no frills" system for collecting financialand operating information on the telephone companies but did virtually nothing to change the actual operations of the companies.Marley and Cratchet (the two silicon valley entrepreneurs) expect that the consultant selected will be able to bring fresh creative ideas to the process of what they term is "...creating a 21st Century company for a 21st Century business." Included in their definition of process efficacy is the notion of "enterprise extensibility," or put more simply put the capability to seamless team with external suppliers in a variety of value-adding, integrative relationships that can be episodic or persistent. Particularly important is the aspect of Telekenesis strategy in which vendors will provide LLWS compatible devices to customers who will pay a one-time $15 fee for the equipment.All four Telekenesis executives expect that the process efficacy initiatives will include information systems and technology strategy and planning. They want the consultant to provide a guaranteed "operational profile" that states that the recommended configuration of hardware and software, costing $xx and operational by 19yy will be able to support the local loop wireless service business.There are four distinct flavours of legacy systems across the four companies. Hardware and software is different, with three of the companies having an IBM mainframe in addition to other computers. Telekenesis installed IMRS on a high end x486 computer to provide financial consolidation and reporting of the four companies. Spreadsheet disks prepared at month end are FedExed to Telekenesis home office in Bernardsville, New Jersey and loaded into IMRS.Questions：Do you believe you have enough information to develop an Business/IT strategy for this client? If no, what additional information would you require?What skills would the consulting team need to successfully complete this engagement?How would you structure the work for this engagement?What are the risks that Telekenesis faces?What types of business processes will be needed?How would you integrate the processes of the four existing local phone companies and Telekenesis?。

玛氏（）培训教材玛氏（）公司自20世纪初由弗兰克8226;马斯创立以来，无论在美国本土还是全球市场上，都可以称为巧克力行业当之无愧的霸主。

目前，玛氏全球年销售额超过140亿美元，糖果巧克力产品和宠物类产品销量分别位居全球同类产品首位，在这一点上连全世界最大的食品公司“雀巢”也自叹弗如。

在中国市场上，玛氏从20世纪70年代就开始在中国采购糖果原材料，1983年通过代理在中国销售产品，1990年作为最大的赞助商之一以's品牌赞助了第十一届亚运会，1993年，玛氏在中国投资企业——爱芬食品（北京）有限公司巧克力工厂成立。

在雀巢、好时、吉百利、费列罗等世界巧克力巨头激烈争夺中国市场的情况下，玛氏公司连续8年保持巧克力销量、品牌知名度第一的宝座，其中德芙、's、德可丝等成为中国消费者购买巧克力的首选品牌。

玛氏在中国的成功并不简单，除了在产品、渠道、广告、公关等方面表现出色外，其终端管理工作更可谓技高一筹，玛氏成功的经验非常值得中国糖果生产企业借鉴，现就玛氏终端管理进行剖析，但愿能起到抛砖引玉的作用。

玛氏三角形：终端操作以品牌建设为最终目的在今天终端致胜时代的背景下，各大厂家纷纷在终端拼命投入，导致终端的“胃口”越来越大，不仅是各种巧立名目的收费项目不断增多（一家外资商业企业收费项目多达30多项），而且每项费用也在呈直线上升（一家外资商业企业进场费高达3000元/条码，春节期间一个堆头被狂吵到了10万元/15天促销期）。

和进入中国市场的其它行业的跨国巨头一样，玛氏亦非常重视终端的管理工作，在有限的货架空间上和对手展开激烈的争夺、丝毫也不相让。

但和对手尤其是中国本土企业相比，玛氏的终端管理始终坚持两个原则：一是终端市场不投入巨额的进场费和陈列费；二是终端推广不以追求短期销量为最终目的。

玛氏之所以能够坚持其这两个原则，并把终端工作做得出类拔萃，则是得益于其著名的“玛氏三角形”法则：法则一：公司总的营销费用是有限的，终端费用、人员工资和广告投入三个角要互相平衡，就必须使三角形的重心稳定，就是营销费用要向人员工资和广告投入两个角进行重点倾斜；法则二：在市场争夺中，只有品牌是唯一区别于竞争对手的东西，只有品牌是能够和零售商进行抗衡的最大筹码，而广告投入是快速消费品品牌建设的重要武器。

玛⽒⾯试感受分享南京⼤学⼩百合站相关推荐玛⽒⾯试感受分享（南京⼤学⼩百合站） 信区: JobAndWork 标题: 玛⽒⾯试归来，与各位分享感受(from UIBE) 发信站: 南京⼤学⼩百合站 (Mon Dec 10 22:49:29 2007) 转⾃对外经贸同学的blog 昨天结束了玛⽒的终⾯回到学校，两天的AC(评估中⼼)轻松⼜紧凑，公司提供了豪华的温 泉套房和丰盛的⾷物，虽然我是抱着度假的态度过去的(因为基本已经决定签下我更喜欢的 强⽣医疗)，但是还是很认真的对待了整个⾯试过程，也从中学到⼀些新的东西，衍⽣出⼀ 些新的想法。

下⾯做⼀个简单的分享，希望能对今后⾯试的朋友们有所启发。

关于Case Study 我今年AC的第⼀部分就是个⼈的Case Study, 90分钟时间，⼤概8页的英⽂材料，主要是 让你作为⼀个咨询顾问为⼀家公司提出新的市场和销售策略以提⾼公司的销售业绩和财务 表现。

材料中的内容⾮常全⾯，涵盖了公司财务，销售，市场，⽣产以及物流等等内容， 也包括⼤量的财务数据以及竞争对⼿的情况。

你需要在90分钟内分析材料并且写下你想要 Present的内容，时间⼀到所有的材料上交，在最后演⽰前没有机会再看，所以记忆也⾮常 重要。

我的建议： 1，不要过于注重每⼀个细节，但Present的内容尽量要有数据⽀持!⼀般的Case Study 中都会有不少数据，并且很多都需要进⾏计算。

但是在时间有限的情况下，想要⽤很精确 的计算结果以及数学模型来解决问题是不太可能的，所以建议⼤家不要将所有精⼒都集中 在复杂的数据上，挑那些最能⽀持⾃⼰最终⽅案的数据并且做⼀些简单的计算，这样既能 节省时间，也不会显得结论过于主观。

2，说出材料中没有的东西!由于信息量⽐较⼤，阅读就需要⽐较长的时间，⽽且还要动 笔写，所以留给我们分析的时间并不多。

但分析的过程在我看来最为重要。

⾯试官希望听 到材料中没有的`东西，希望听到新的⽅案和观点，⽽不是对于材料内容的总结和概括。

MARS Interview(Case Study section)Case 1: Coffee ShopThe ProblemA friend asked me if I wanted to buy his coffee shop for $100,000. Do you think I should do it?Information GatheringRead this information well before you give the case. Share this information in each bulletonly if the candidate asks for it in a clear and deliberate way. Location: The coffee shop is in Vail, ColoradoProducts/Prices:Cup of coffee, $4.00Bottled Water, $2.00Pastries, $3.00Variable Cost:All products have a 50% marginCustomers:The shop serves mostly locals, not tourists, so demand is consistent throughout the yearOther Costs:Rent was $500 per monthWages (for 2 employees) were $8.00 per hour.The shop is open 12 hours a day, six days a weekTell the candidate that he can assume that the coffee shop will bring in consistent profits.AnalysisThis is a valuation question. So to get the value of the coffee shop we need first to get theprofitability.RevenuesEstimate market size.Assume that the coffee shop gets 10 customers per hour in slow hour and 20 customersper hour in a busy hour. The first and last 2 hours of the day are busy hours. So the coffeeshop gets 20x4 + 10x8 = 160 customers/day.If we assume all the hours as busy hours on Saturday, then we have 20x12=240 hours on Saturday.Number of customers / week = 160 x 5 + 240 x 1 = 1040Number of customers / year = 1040 x 50 = 50,200Assume 60% of customers order coffee, 30% order pastry, and 10% order a bottle of water, then the spend is:50,000 x 60% x 4 + 50,000 x 30% x 3 + 50,000 x 10% x 2 = $175,000Fixed CostsRent = 500 x 12 = $6,000Wages = $8 x 12 x 6 x 50 = $30,000We can also make assumptions about utilities and insurance.ProfitsProfits = 175,000 x 50% - 36,000 = $52,500Assume a 40% tax rate:Profits after tax = 52,500 x (1-40%) = $31,500ValuationIf we assume that the coffee shop is in operation for 5 years and we use a 10% WACC, then its value would be:Value = 31,500 + 31,500/ 1.1 + 31,500/1.1^2 + 31,500/1.1^3 + 31,500/1.1^4 = $131,000ConclusionAs long as the sales would be consistent for the rest of the 5 years, it would be profitable to buy the coffee shop. Further analysis could be done on the management experience and the competition to ensure that sales would be consistent.Case 2: HEALTHThe ProblemA US health care provider suffered a profit decline last year. You are hired to solve this problem.Information GatheringRead this information well before you give the case. Basic information shouldbe given as the candidate asks for it, but the rest of the interview is very directive. The candidate is supposed to follow the direction and do the math confidently. The interview style is pleasant and helpful.Background Information• The key revenues come from commissions.• H Health signs contracts with patients and provides medical services.• H Health has 300 contracted physicians.• A “referral” is necessary if certain medical treatment/service can’t be provided by Health’s contracted physicians.Question 1: How would you approach this problem?Answer:Profit = Revenue – Cost= No. of patients * (unit price – variable cost) – fixed costThe candidate can be creative to come up with possible reasons for revenue decrease andcost increase. Some examples –Revenue declined:-number of patients dropped-unit price dropped-competition grew their market shareCost increased:-VC: number of visits increased (e.g. major flu), per person cost increased (e.g. cost ofthe medicine), referral cost increased-FC: physician’s salary increasedQuestion 2: Competitor analysis – why is our referral cost higher than the competitor?H Health SunshineNumber of patients 300,000 500,000Referral cost $20 (per member, per month) $15 (same)Answer: (again, the candidate is encouraged to be creative)- Economies of scale- Lower administration costs-More contracted physiciansQuestion 3: Assuming none of the contracted physicians have the specialty of cardiology, estimate the number of referrals per year for cardiology based on thefollowing information:Number of patients: 300,00020% of the total population is > 65 years old, and 30% of them need treatmentFor the rest of the population, there’s a 10% chance for them to require the treatmentThe treatment usually requires 5 visits to the doctor per year.Answer:>65 years = 300,000*0.2*0.3 = 18,000<65 years = 300,000*0.8*0.1 = 24,00042,000*5 times/year = 210,000 (times/year)Question 4: The actual number of referrals is 300,000. Why is it higher than the estimate?Answer:population-They underestimated the number of visits per year-More demanding patients ask to be referred even if they don’t have such issues-Physicians refer non-cardiology patients because they don’t want to take the risk and are not motivated to provide services even if they are capable Question 5: How much does the number of referrals have to decrease in order to justify following incentive plan to encourage contracted physicians to be more responsible?Incentive plan:Bonus: $100,000 / year to top 10 physicians with the lowest referral rate Training: $1,000,000Referral cost: $200 per referralCurrent no. of referral: 300,000Answer:Total cost = 2,000,0002,000,000/200 = 10,000Question 6: If the incentive plan can reduce the number of referrals by 5% for yearone and 2% for year two, what is the total saving?Answer:Y1 = 300,000*5% = 15,000Y2 = (300,000 – 15,000)*2% = 5,700Total saving = (15,000 + 5,700)*$200 - $2,000,000*2 = $140,000Question 7: Apart from Cardiology, how can H Health improve the number of referrals in general?Answer:-Increase training to improve physician’s capability-Extend the incentive program to other departments-Improve the quality of relationship with the patients and build up the trust-Improve/remove physicians who are outliers with extremely high referral rate -Increase the no. of contracted physicians-Partner with other health care provider to lower referral costConclusionAccording to the example of cardiology, H Health should improve its profitability by lowering the referral cost. H Health can• reduce the number of referrals, and/or• reduce the cost per referral。

玛氏官方发布的开放性问题命题（原题）：玛氏3人团队开放（open）问题：请在你们团队中拿出一个最理想的毕业生培训项目。

要求不可以抄袭其他公司（包括玛氏）的设计方案，而是你本人和团队成员讨论得到的想法。

设计时，可以包括以下几个方面：项目的目的是什么？项目的目标学员是什么样的群体？项目应有的机制？经过项目培训，学员的职业路径是怎样的？这项培训计划应提供什么样的职业机会来支持学员的发展？该项目的成功标准是什么？该项目对于公司的投入会有怎样的合理回报？如何确保该项目的市场竞争力？参考作业【培训题目】：储备管理人员应具备的观察与发现能力【培训目的】：做一个好的管理者，首先要学会正确的观察方法，继而形成快速发现问题的能力，接下来才能对症下药解决问题。

而所谓管理，实际上就是管理者以独特的视角发现问题并解决问题的过程。

在这个过程中，观察和发现是最具感性的能力，而解决问题是理性较强的环节，后者能够较为轻松地通过学习而习得，唯有前者需要从各种生活细节及习惯去培养。

本课题就是让学员尽快形成这种观察与发现的行为态度，为未来晋升为合格管理者做好充分的准备。

【培训对象】：本培训主要面向志在成为管理者的、具备一定独特视角的潜力型学员【培训系统】：1、培训方式：生动的理论讲解结合沙盘实战理论讲解，是将观察与发现能力就行形象的拆解，主要通过各种案例来表述，比如援引公司内部、知名企业的典型管理案例以及部分管理寓言来展开阐述，通过这些生动的案例，学员会对观察和发现有一定的感悟，比枯燥的理论知识更加容易学习和融会贯通。

沙盘实战，这是学以致用最关键的一环，也是检验学员阶段性学习效果的重要工具。

本案培训中，沙盘实战环节将会安排两个场景：卖场现场实战演练和项目小组讨论。

卖场现场实战演练又包括对静态陈展的观察训练和对路演的组织发现。

静态陈展的观察会训练其站在顾客角度发现陈列与购买欲之间的关系，从而使其发现陈列的造型和位置对顾客购买动机的影响。

麦肯锡案例面试题：Magna Health案例分析（英文，有答案)面试, 案例分析Practice CasesMagna HealthIntroductionTo step through this case example, we will give you some information, ask a question，and then，when you are ready, give you a sample answer。

We hope that the exercise will give you a sense of the flow of a case interview. (Please note，you can stop this exercise and pick up where you left off later. Your cookies must be on to use this feature）.In this exercise, you will answer a series of questions as the case unfolds。

We provide our recommended answers after each question，with which you can compare your own answers. We want to emphasize that most questions in a case study do not have a single right answer。

In a live case interview，we are more interested in your explanation of how you arrived at your answer, not just the answer itself。

玛氏网申面试全过程分享1)组队网申——非常幸运的郑重的说，我们队有两位重量级的队员所以让我可以走到最后，在此非常感激他们！他们是去PG的企管巨牛张卉和伍斯睿。

网申要写一份策划去promote 自己整个队伍，有字数限制。

我们就用了“小可可也有大梦想”的主题，把制作巧克力的6道工序配合我们几个的特性去展现，打童话路线风格。

(2)笔试——这个是机房做的，主要分英语写作、英语口语、逻辑及数字几部分。

写作和口语都类似托福的，如果口语不太好的同学，很简单，准备一张所有问题的问题纸，趁没人的时候读吧～～逻辑和数学还挺好玩的，有点像小学奥数题，数字就是SHL，因为这些我都比较熟悉，所以不难，如果数学不太好的同学就要去之前多练了。

(3)英语小组讨论——两个通过的组共6人组成一个大组，任务是在3个将要出国做研究并申请奖学金的同学中选出最好的一个，给他奖学金。

然后6个人每2人抽到1个学生，然后组成联盟去convince另外4个人选我手上这个学生(当然资料上有关于这个学生的资料的)。

我的战略也是画一个矩阵，纵坐标写3个学生，横坐标列出我们设定的筛选标准，然后打分，解决。

最后由于我们组的2个PGer早就想帮我一把去北京的了，所以极力推荐我做presenter，然后也幸运地我presentation表现得不错，所以就通过了。

我们6个人总共通过了2个，另外一位是广外的ppmm晓婷，我们算是很高比率了，一般都是1或0的。

(4)北京AC——总共3个部分，全部英文。

第一部分——英文小组讨论，6个人一组，内容是关于一艘沉没在河里的古迹级别的船，这段时间由于河流的工厂要XXX会对这艘河里的古迹有影响，所以我们要设计究竟是否打捞，应该怎样做？信息量还可以，我当时的战略是重点关注于某个选择环节，突出我的核心竞争力(again逻辑思维和数字敏感)。

我主要compare了两种打捞方式所耗费的时间，和耗费的工具等，然后提供给我们队友进行筛选。

第二部分——英文个人案例分析，我竟然抽到对着玛氏中国的总经理(埃及人)。

面试案例及应对策略案例面试面试官先给出一个总体的介绍，告诉你案例发生的背景（如时间、地点、产品、客户等）。

以及你需要解决的问题。

一般对于申请公司的入门级职位（entry level）的应聘者而言，案例一般就是一下的分类：销售下降(Sales Decline)利润下降(Profit Decline)行业分析(Industry Analysis)方案评估(Option Evaluation)但是无论Case是什么，所采用的方法都是类似的。

我们把在Business Case Interview里面所有的技巧和主意事项归结为“MAFIA”法则：M-Minutia细节◆做笔记当面试官开始向你阐述这个案例的时候，一定要在纸上记录有关的信息，尤其是关键的背景资料和数据。

如果你因为没有记录再让面试官把案例重复一遍，这会是一件很尴尬的事情。

◆不要做任何假设千万不要在面试官刚叙述完这个案例之后就假设可能的根本问题，这样会使得你的分析变得不全面，因此很容易错过一些关键信息。

即使你有着相关行业的实习，即使你觉得销量下降可能是因为广告不够或者其他原因，也要按逻辑步骤一步一步分析。

一定要记住：面试官看重的不是你能否很快的给出答案或者很有直觉的解决问题，而是看重你能否通过结构化的思路来分析问题。

假设你是客户，你是更信得过一个听完你的困境就告诉你解决方案的咨询师呢，还是一个通过结构化分析给出结论的咨询师？◆保持眼部交流(eye contact) 在面试过程当中一定要保持和面试官的eye contact，尤其是在回答问题的时候，这是自信和权威的表现。

要知道，作为咨询师，你经常需要和公司的最高层进行交流，要让他们相信，你是作为权威在帮他们解决最棘手的问题的。

◆不要急于开口面对一个案例，在面试官阐述完毕之后，先考虑一下，整理出来一个思路，再开始进行分析。

在整个过程当中，都要思考清楚了再问，宁愿问的问题少，但是每个都很关键，也不要问了一堆自己刚开口就后悔的问题。