SAT 真题 2009年05月

2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）英语本试题卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。

全卷共12页，先择题部分1至10页，非选择题部分11至12页。

满分120分，考试120分钟。

请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。

选择题部分（共80分）注意事项：1．答题前，老先生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸上。

2．每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再先涂其他答案标号。

不能答在试题卷上。

第一部分：英语知识（共两节，满分30分）第一节：单项填空（共20小题;每小题0.5分，满分10分）从A、B、C和D四个选项中，迁出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。

1．－Hey, you haven’t been acting like yourself, Everything OK?－______.A.I’m fine, thanksB. Sure, it isC. That’s goodD. It’s OK【答案】A【解析】考查情景交际。

俩人对话上句意思为"你一直表现得不像你本人，还好吧？用第二人称，答语肯定用第一人称“--------我很好”。

由人称可以排除B，D；而C项答所非问，选A.2．I don’t understand what the engineer means, but I’ve got ______ rough idea of _____ project plan.A. the; aB. 不填; theC. the; 不填D. a; the【答案】D【解析】考查冠词基本用法。

前空泛指一种大体的想法，后空指双双都知道的那个project 计划，选D。

3．_______and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.A. the; aB. TiredC. TiringD. Being tired【答案】B【解析】考查形容词做伴随状语。

2009年5月口译二级实务真题试卷(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. English-Chinese Translation 2. Chinese-English TranslationPART 1 English-Chinese Translation (50 points, 30 minutes)Interpret the following passages from English into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal and stop it at the signal. You may take notes while you are listening. You will hear the passages only ONCE. Now let’s begin.1．Today we launch UNICEF’s annual flagship report: “The State of the World’s Children 2009”, which this year focuses on maternal and newborn health. The report shows that more must be done to addressmaternal and newborn health to help save and improve the lives of millions of children and their families.[TONE]∥[TONE] Every year, more than 500,000 women die as a result of pregnancy or childbirth complications. Around 70,000 of these deaths are among girls and young women 15 to 19. This is not only a tragic personal loss forthe family, but it also leaves a long-term impact on the health and well-being of children and the developmentof communities and countries. Around 99 per cent of maternal deaths take place in the developing worldwhere having a child remains among the most serious health risks for women. Twenty one per cent ofmaternal deaths take place in just three countries: the Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia and Nigeria.[TONE]∥[TONE] In Niger, the country with the highest lifetime risk of maternal mortality, 1 in 7 women will die fromcomplications related to pregnancy or giving birth. The comparable risk in the developed world is 1 in 8,000.Since 1990, complications related to pregnancy and childbirth have taken the lives of an estimated 10 millionwomen. That is equal to around 20 per cent of the total population of South Africa. In addition, every year,some 4 million newborns die within the first 28 days of life from largely preventable causes. That is about40 per cent of all under-five deaths every year. The burden is disproportionately heavy in Africa and Asia.Ninety five per cent of maternal deaths occur in Africa and Asia combined and 90 per cent of newborn deathsoccur in Africa and Asia. [TONE]∥[TONE] The good news is that between 1995 and 2005 skilled birth attendant coverage increased from 54 percent to 62 per cent in the developing world. During the same period ante-natal care rose from 60 percent to75 per cent. Yet around 50 million births in the developing world or about 40 per cent of all births remainwithout skilled health personnel. [TONE]∥[TONE] And girls must go to school. Women who are educated are more likely to be healthy and to give birth to healthy babies who will survive and grow into adulthood. Educating girls and young women is one ofthe most powerful ways of breaking a vicious cycle of poverty and creating a Supportive environment formaternal and newborn health. [TONE]∥[TONE] At the household level, awareness needs to be increased about the importance of recognizing danger signs and ensuring that care for the woman or infant is sought right away. Changes must also be made at thecommunity level to address issues such as infrastructure and financial resources to ensure access tohealthcare. And finally, health workers must be available, trained, and have the appropriate equipment. [TONE]//[TONE] Progress has been made in reducing child mortality but much more must be done especially inaddressing maternal and newborn health. The world must approach this task with a shared sense ofurgency and a collaborative response. Results will be measured in lives saved and lives improved. Thankyou. [TONE]∥[TONE]正确答案：今天，我们在此发布联合国儿童基金会的年度旗舰报告《2009年世界儿童状况》，今年的报告主要关注孕妇与新生儿健康。

09年高考英语5月抽样测试英语试题本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分.共150分，考试时间120分钟.第I卷（共三部分，共115分）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：What is the man going to read?A．A newspaper. B．A magazine. C．A book.答案是A。

1．What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?A．Husband and wife.B．Employer and Employee.C．Mother and son.2．What’s the weather forecast?A．There will be heavy fog in all areas.B．There will be heavy fog in the east.C．There will be fog in all areas by midnight.3．What did the man do last night?A．He watched a game.B．He lost a game.C．He missed a game.4．What’s the woman worried about?A．Joan won’t come to the conference.B．Joan may be late for the opening speech.C．Joan will miss the next conference.5．What are they talking about?A．The fight against a flood.B．Floods of the past twenty years.C．The effects of the flood.第二节（共15小题；每题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面6段对话或独白。

Critical Reading Written by ivymewcocktail曾经有过Part OneSC第一句：Rebecca knew that to finish…1．Aand前后意思相同，从后半句“学着下定决心（make up her mind）”知Rebecca为完成课题要克服犹豫不决（indecision）的习惯2．C由冒号知前后两句应为相互支持和解释的关系，将选项一个个代入只有C能使两句相互支持，150多年后依然在被阅读（reading），因此是一部长久（enduring）的女性小说3．E根据逗号后面二者相互依靠对方的资源知二者形成的军事经济联盟（alliance）4．A冒号句，后半句解释前面，由“gullibility was remarkable”知Jason易受骗，会相信（trust/believe）最离谱的断言；保留A和E，所以他非常容易受骗（dupe）而不是被模仿（imitate），因此选A5．A因果关系，因为物理学家因喜欢不停问问题而著名，前文应认为好奇是科学禀性的精华（essense）或标志（hallmark），保留A和D；又因其爱问题（也就是好奇），所以被看作这种科学精神的化身（incarnation），而不是敌人（adversary），因此选A6．B因为现如今一些音乐美化非法生活方式，所以它们腐蚀（erode）了基本社会价值7．Bbut转折关系，许多人相信鹦鹉能理解它发出的词，但科学家认为它不具备这种认知（cognitive）的能力8．E冒号句，后半句解释前句空格词，根据后半句，因为每一句话都以必要形式强化了中心思想，所以文章里没有东西是多余（superfluous）的Short Passage(暂缺)Long Passage13.C通过她的自我叙述揭示了一个人物的个性。

实际上本文就讲了一个比较特立独行比较变态的女人。

A 注意是“考古家们”，本文的主人公只有作者。

Last Friday an advisory panel to the European Environment Agency issued an extraordinary scientific opinion: The European Union should suspend its goal of having 10 percent of transportation fuel made from biofuel by 2020.The European Union's biofuel targets were increased and extended from 5.75 percent by 2010 to 10 percent by 2020 just last year. Still, Europe's well-meaning rush to biofuels, the scientists concluded, had produced a slew of harmful ripple effects - from deforestation in Southeast Asia to higher prices for grains.In a recommendation released last weekend, the 20-member panel, made up of some of Europe's most distinguished climate scientists, called the 10 percent target "overambitious" and an "experiment" whose "unintended effects are difficult to predict and difficult to control.""The idea was that we felt we needed to slow down, to analyze the issue carefully and then come back at the problem," Laszlo Somlyody, the panel's chairman and a professor at the Budapest University of Technology and Economics, said in a telephone interview.He said that part of the problem was that when it set the targets, the European Union was trying desperately to solve the problem of rising transportation emissions "in isolation," without adequately studying the effects of other sectors like land use and food supply."The starting point was correct: I'm happy that the European Union took the lead in cutting greenhouse gasses and we need to control traffic emissions," Somlyody said. "But the basic problem is it thought of transport alone, without considering all these other effects. And we don't understand those very well yet."The panel's advice is not binding and it is not clear whether the European Commission will follow the recommendation.It has become increasingly clear that the global pursuit of biofuels - encouraged by a rash of targets and subsides in both Europe and the United States - has not produced the desired effect.Investigations have shown, for example, rain forests and peat swamp are being cleared to make way for biofuel plantations, a process that produces more emissions than the biofuels can save. Equally concerning, land needed to produce food for people to eat is planted with more profitable biofuel crops, and water is diverted from the drinking supply.In Europe and the United States, food prices for items like pizza and bread have increased significantly as grain stores shrink and wheat prices rise.The price of wheat and rice are double those of a year ago, and corn is a third higher, the UN Food and Agriculture Organization said this week."Food price inflation hits the poor hardest, as the share of food in their total expenditures is much higher than that of wealthier populations," said Henri Josserand of the Food and Agriculture Organization.Biofuels are not, of course, the only reason for high food prices. Fuel to transport food is more expensive with oil more than $100 a barrel. There have been unexpected droughts this year as well.But the rush to meet biofuels targets has put our "need" to drive a car to the mall in direct competition with the need to eat in some of the poorest countries in the world.A global analysis performed by forestry experts at the Australian International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, a scientific study group, found that biofuels were "in conflict with the reduction of deforestation" and also had negative effects on farming intensity and food security.It also concluded that the rush to make biofuels from crops like corn, soy and rapeseed did not do much to reduce global greenhouse gasses anyway, producing an "ambiguous effect on greenhouse gas emissions." This is partly because of land use changes like the clearing of forests and partly because the process of converting plants into fuel takes a lot of energy itself.The European Union started promoting biofuels for use in transportation in 2003 as emissions from road transportation had been growing rapidly.It required that 2 percent of transport fuel come from biofuel by 2005 and 5.75 percent by 2010. The first goal was not met and the 2010 goal is expected to be missed as well. Even so, the goal was raised to 10 percent by 2020, raising the pressure for countries to comply.Should we conclude that all biofuels are bad?No. But motivated by the obvious problems now emerging, scientists have begun to take a harder look at their benefits.For example, the European Environment Agency advisory panel suggests that the best use of plant biomass is not for transport fuel but to heat homes and generate electricity.To be useful for vehicles, plant matter must be distilled to a fuel and often transported long distances. To heat a home, it can often be used raw or with minimal processing, and moved just a short distance away.Likewise, the ambitious 10 percent target has led to destruction of vital natural resources, the European Environment Agency recommendation said, "increasing pressures on soil, water and biodiversity" in Europe and elsewhere."We felt we need to understand more about biofuels and to integrate these various goals beforejust moving ahead," said Somlyody, the panel's chairman.完型I've spent years studying happiness, and one of the most siginificant conclusions I've drawn is this: there is little correlation between the circumstances of people's lives and how happy they are. A moment's reflection should make this obvious. We all know people who have had a relatively easy life yet are essentially unhappy. And we know people who have suffered a great deal but generally remain happy.The first secret is gratitude. All happy people are grateful. Ungrateful people cannot be happy. We tend to think that being unhappy leads people to complain, but it's truer to say that complaining leads to people becoming unhappy.The second secret is realizing that happiness is a by-product of something else. The most obvious sources are those pursuits that give our lives purpose--anything from studying insects to playing baseball. The more passions we have, the more happiness we're likely to experience.Finally, the belief that something permanent transcends us and that our existence has some larger meaning can help us to be happiner. We need a spiritual or religious faith, or a philosophy of life. Your philosophy should encompass this truism: if you choose to find the awful, you will be cursed. As with happiness itself, this is largely your decision to make. Once you've determined what your missing tile is, explore whether acquiring it will really make you happy. Then do one of three things: get it, replace it, with a different tile, or forget about it and focus on the tiles in your life taht are not missing.。

2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）英语考生注意：1.本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页）两部分。

全卷共13页。

满分150分。

考试时间120分钟。

2.答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必在答题卡和答题纸上用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号、校验码，并用铅笔在答题卡上正确涂写准考证号和校验码。

3.第Ⅰ卷（1-16小题，25-84小题）由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。

考生应将代表正确的小方格用铅笔涂黑。

注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。

答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。

答案不能涂写在试卷上，涂写在试卷上一律不给分。

第Ⅰ卷中的第17-24小题和第Ⅱ卷的试题，其答案用钢笔或圆珠笔写在答题纸上，如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上也一律不给分。

第Ⅰ卷（共105分）Ⅰ.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirection: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the questions about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Go to the office B. Keep callingC. Try online bookingD. See a doctor2. A. A reporter B. An athleteC.A fishermanD. An organizer3. A. At a post office. B. At a fast-food restaurant.C. At a booking office.D. At a check-in desk.4. A. He already has plans.B. The woman should decide where to eat.C. He will make a reservation.D. The woman can ask her brother for advice.5. A. He got wet in the rainB. The shower was out of orderC. He d idn’t hear the phone ringingD. He got out of the shower to answer the phone.6. A. Reasonable. B. Bright. C. Serious D. Ridiculous.7. A. Send leaflets. B. Go sightseeing.C. Do some gardening.D. Visit a lawyer.8. A. Her doorbel l doesn’t need repair.B. She didn’t expect him to come so early.9. A. She won’t go to the beach if it rains.B. She would like the man to get to the beach.C. It will clear up tomorrow.D. It was pouring when she was at the beach.10. A. What to take up as a hobby. B. How to keep fit.C. How to handle pressure.D. What to play with.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Her school was in a small village.B. She was outstanding at school.C. She was the only Asian girl there.D. Her parents were in London.12. A. London. B. Bath. C. Swindon. D. Oxford.13. A. Coming across a radio producer. B. Taking an earlier train.C. Meeting a professional artist.D. Wearing tow odd shoes.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following speech.14. A. Education children. B. Saving rare animals.C. Recreating an environment.D. Making a profit.15. A. Animals make visitors stressful.B. Animals must live their lives in cages.C. Animals can feel bored and sad.D. Animals are in danger of extinction.16. A. They are still useful and necessary.B. They have more disadvantages then advantages.C. They are a perfect environment for animals.D. They are recreative places for animals.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversations.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.Ⅱ.Grammar and V ocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. Four Chinese models were ______ the 14 people awarded prizes on Friday at the World Supermodel Competition.A. amongB. betweenC. alongD. beside【答案】A【解析】among表示“（三者或三者以上人或事物）之中，之间”；between指“两者之间”；along沿着；beside在旁边。

高中英语2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试试题2019.091,30. The children all turned the famous actress as she entered the classroom.A. looked atB. to look atC. to looking atD. look at2,31. The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only ,but students became more interested in the lessons.A. saved was teachers' energyB. was teachers' energy savedC. teachers' energy was savedD. was saved teachers' energy3,32. Encourage your children to try new things, but try not to them too hard.A. drawB. strikeC. rushD. push4,33. One of the most important questions they had to considerwas of public healthA. whatB. thisC. thatD. which5,34. Everybody was touched words after they heard her moving story.A. beyondB. withoutC. ofD. in6,35. Now that we've discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions ?A. takingB. takeC. takenD. to take7,第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

考情汇总1、难点还是集中在阅读上，小说和双篇文章登顶此次最难的两篇。

2、此次考试的语法部分没有特别难的问题，考生均反映难度适中。

3、写作部分选取的文章非常有利于考生展开分析！4、此次考试数学非常容易，就连北美的同学（美国人）都反映此次数学几乎无压力！5、加试部分为数学，难度依旧非常低。

阅读部分第一篇：小说小说选自美国经典现实主义小说 Sister Carrie，XXX为 Theodore Dreiser，最早出版于1900年。

小说描述了一个贫困的乡村姑娘来到大城市生活，内心向往富足的生活。

为了摆脱穷困，先后跟推销员和酒店经理同居，最后历经磨难，终成一个著名演员。

小说截取的部分在论述 Carrie 在看一出关于纽约奢华生活的舞台剧。

台上演员华衣美服，居所装修华丽，生活应有尽有。

Carrie 不免生出羡慕向往之心。

舞台剧还体现了这些生活在理想状态人还收到感情爱情嫉妒的折磨，这更让Carrie 羡慕，谁不愿意坐在金椅子里发愁，谁会不愿意在洒了香水的挂毯、有坐垫的家具和穿着制服的仆人那样的条件下受些折磨呢？回到她小小的 flat（套间），Carrie 暗暗下决心，假如我不能过上那样的生活，我就等于没有活过，或者说自己活过。

第二篇、自然科学科研型文章研究的主要目的在于探究人类大脑如何区分现实和虚拟（广告/小说人物/童话)信息。

研究者呈现给受试者不同的场景：一，广播听到或报纸阅读到关于布什(总统)和灰姑娘，二，跟总统或跟灰姑娘共进晚餐。

然后利用 MRL 研究他们大脑不同区域的活跃度。

现实和虚拟信息都会激起大脑某些区域比如管记忆的海马沟。

不同的是，现实信息还会激起独特的一个脑区域，这个脑区域跟短时记忆和注意力有关。

一直相对，虚拟的信息会激起一个跟语言相关的脑区域。

研究者后来又在另一拨受试者重复了实验，这次根据跟受试者现实相关的程度设置信息。

结果还是成立，研究者进一步拓展，现实和虚拟其实跟不在于人物本身的现实程度，更跟信息与受试者现实生活的相关度有关。

2009年1月SAT考试写作真题Prompt 1Planning lets people impose order on the chaotic processes of making or doing something new. Too much planning, however, can lead people to follow the same predetermined course of action, to do things the same way they were done before. Creative thinking is about breaking free from the way that things have always been. That is why it is vital for people to know the difference between good planning and too much planning.Adapted from Twyla Tharp, The Creative HabitAssignment:Does planning interfere with creativity? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations.Prompt 2Most people underestimate their own abilities. They tend to remember their failures more vividly than their successes, and for this reason they have unrealistically low expectations about what they are capable of. Those individuals who distinguish themselves through great accomplishments are usually no more talented than the average person: they simply set higher standards for themselves, since they have higher expectations about what they can do.Assignment:Do highly accomplished people achieve more than others mainly because they expect more of themselves? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations.Prompt 3People are taught that they should not go back on their decisions.In fact,our society supports the notion that to change your mind is evidence of weakness andunreliability,leading many people to say,"Once I decide,I decide!"But why do people make such a statement?If factors,feelings,and ideas change,isn't the ability to make a new decision evidence of lexibility,adaptability,and strength?satAdapted from Theodore I.Rubin,Compassion and Self-HateAssignment:Should people change their decisions when cirsumstances change,or is it best for them to stick with their original ecisions?Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue.Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading,studies,experience,or observations.Prompt 4The history of human achievement is filled with stories of people who persevere, refusing to give up in the struggle to meet their goals. Artists and scientists, for instance, may struggle for years without any apparent progress or reward before they finally succeed. However, it is important to recognize that perseverance does not always yield beneficial results.Adapted from Robert H. Lauer and Jeanette C. Lauer, WatershedsAssignment:Is striving to achieve a goal always the best course of action, or should people give up if they are not making progress? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations.2009年3月SAT考试写作真题Prompt 1Think carefully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment belowMany people believe that being honest and honorable limits their options, their opportunities, their very ability to succeed. Unfortunately, in today's me-first culture, ethics may be the only thing people choose to live without! They believe they have only two choices: (1) to win by doing whatever it takes, even if it is wrong, or (2) to be ethical and therefore lose. Few people set out to be dishonest, but nobody wants tolose.satAdapted from John C. Maxwell, There's No Such Thing as "Business" EthicsAssignment:Does being ethical make it hard to be successful? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations.Prompt 2Think carefully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment below.Whatever happened to good manners? Many books and articles have been written about the lack of common courtesy and old-fashioned politeness in today's society. From spoiled children acting out in restaurants to so-called experts yelling at each other on cable news shows, people seem less concerned with good manners and civilized behavior than ever before. On the other hand, if people really want to change the world for the better, they have to risk being seen as impolite or uncivil.Assignment:Is it sometimes necessary to be impolite? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations.2009年5月SAT考试写作真题Prompt 1Think carefully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment below.There are good reasons to pay attention to people who are older or more experienced than we are, even if their opinions on important issues are very different from ours. Of course, not every person older than us is worth learning from, while many young people are. But if the only people we listen to are our age and are likely to see things the same way we do, we will miss out on something important.Assignment:Should we pay more attention to people who are older and more experienced than we are? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Supportyour position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations.satPrompt 2Think carefully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment below.Good decision making generally requires people to think carefully and logically and to pay attention to practical details. However, people who depend on their feelings and emotions to make important decisions are not likely to spend hours gathering information, making lists, considering all possible outcomes, and so forth. When comparing the advantages or disadvantages of one course of action to another, these people ask themselves, "What do my feelings tell me?"Assignment:Should people let their feelings guide them when they make important decisions? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations.Prompt 3Think carefully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment below.Thanks to great advancements in technology, we live today in a world in which knowledge is more readily available to greater numbers of people than ever before in history. Having more and better technology, however, has not made people wiser or more understanding. Indeed, people are so overloaded with information today that they have become less, rather than more, able to make sense of the world around them than our ancestors ever were.Assignment:Has today's abundance of information only made it more difficult for us to understand the world around us? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations.Prompt 4Think carefully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment below.People define themselves by work, by what they "do." When one person asks another, "What do you do?" the answer always refers to a job or profession: "I'm a doctor, an accountant, a farmer." I've often wondered what would happen if we changed the question to, "Who are you?" or, "What kind of person are you?" or even, "What do you do for fun?"Adapted from Stephan Rechtschaffen, Time ShiftingAssignment:Are people best defined by what they do? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations.2009年6月SAT考试写作真题Prompt 1Think carefully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment below.The discovery that someone we admire has done something wrong is always disappointing and disillusioning. Yet even when people we consider heroes have been tarnished by their faults, they are no less valuable than people who appear perfect. When we learn that an admired person, even one who is seemingly perfect, has behaved in less than admirable ways, we discover a complex truth: great ideas and great deeds come from imperfect people like ourselves.Assignment:Do we benefit from learning about the flaws of people we admire and respect? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations.Prompt 2Think carefully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment below.Some people say you should be content with what you have and accept who you are. But it is possible that too much self-acceptance can turn into self-satisfied lack of ambition. People should always strive to improve themselves and to have more in their lives—friends, things, opportunities. After all, where would we be if great people, both in history and in our own time, did not try to have more and to improve themselves?Assignment:Is it best for people to accept who they are and what they have, or should people always strive to better themselves? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations.SAT Essay Prompt 3Think carefully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment below.So-called common sense determines what people should wear, whom they should respect, which rules they should follow, and what kind of life they should lead. Common sense is considered obvious and natural, too sensible to question. But people's common sense decisions may turn out to be wrong, even if they are thought to be correct according to the judgment of vast majorities of people.Adapted from Alain de Botton, The Consolations of PhilosophyAssignment:Can common sense be trusted and accepted, or should it be questioned? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations.Prompt 4Think carefully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment below.Winning does not require people to be against someone else; people can reach their goals through cooperation just as well as they can through competition. Winning is not always the result of selfish individualism. People achieve happiness by cooperating with others to increase the happiness of all, rather than by winning at others' expense. Ours is not a world in which the price of one person's happiness is someone else's unhappiness.Adapted from Gilbert Brim, AmbitionAssignment:When some people win, must others lose, or are there situations in which everyone wins? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations.2009年10月SAT考试写作真题Prompt 1Think carefully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment below.Both in society and in our own lives, today's problems are serious and require serious solutions. Increasingly, however, people are taught to laugh at things that aren't usually funny and to cope with difficult situations by using humor. They are even advised to surround themselves with funny people. There is strong evidence that laughter can actually improve health and help fight disease.Adapted from Marshall Brain, How Laughter WorksAssignment:Is using humor the best way to approach difficult situations and problems? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations.Prompt 2Think carefully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment below.Call it a clan, call it a network, call it a family. Whatever you call it, whoever you are, you need one. You need one because you are human. You didn't come from nowhere. Before you, around you, and, presumably, after you, there are others. Even if you live alone and even if your solitude is by your own choice, you still cannot do without a network or a family.Adapted from Jane Howard, All Happy Clans Are Alike: In Search of the Good FamilyAssignment:Does everyone, even people who choose to live alone, need a network or family? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations.2009年11月SAT考试写作真题Prompt 1Think carefully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment below.Popular culture refers to television shows, movies, books, musical selections, artworks, products, activities, and events that appeal to the interests and desires of large numbers of people. Popular culture tells us a lot about the people of a society. Some people may criticize popular culture or deny its influence on their lives, but one thing is clear: popular culture typically displays the ideas and principles that people value most.Assignment:Are the values of a society most clearly revealed in its popular culture? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations. Prompt 2Think carefully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment below.Some people ruin their chances of achieving success or refrain from attaining a goal because they have learned that success is selfish. But they should not feel guilty about trying to achieve their own goals. People who act on their inner desires—their greatest wishes and ambitions—only make their own and other people's lives better and are more likely to benefit society. Imagine how much better the world would be if everyone could be happy and fulfilled.Adapted from Sheri O. Zampelli, From Sabotage to SuccesAssignment:Do society and other people benefit when individuals pursue their own goals? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations.Prompt 3Think carefully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment below.No matter how much people try and how much they believe in themselves, everyone encounters situations in which it is impossible to succeed. People are often advised, "Never give up," but sometimes, when it seems as though success will not be achieved, they should stop trying, learn from the experience, and move on.Adapted from Phyllis George, Never Say NeverAssignment:Is it better for people to stop trying when they feel certain they will not succeed? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations.2009年12月SAT考试写作真题Prompt 1Think carefully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment below.Thanks to the Internet, the word "friendship" now has a much broader meaning. No longer are the bonds of friendship limited to telephone conversations, shared activities, or speaking face-to-face. In this day and age, very close friendships can be formed withoutthe people ever meeting and by simply typing words on a screen.Adapted from Sharon Hendricks, "A Broader Definition of Friendship"Assignment:Is it easier now to form friendships than ever before? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations.Prompt 2Think carefully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment below.An Internet phone service is offering unlimited free telephone calls for anyone who signs up. There is only one catch: the company will use software to listen to customers' phone conversations and then send customers advertisements based on what they have been talking about. For example, if they talk about movies with their friends, advertisements for movies will appear on their computer screens. Commentators have voiced concern about customers' giving up their privacy in exchange for phone service.Assignment:Should people give up their privacy in exchange for convenience or free services? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations.Prompt 3Think carefully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment below.People are often criticized for working out their own ideas before learning all that others have discovered about a problem or subject. But those people are right; it is possible to know too much, especially at first. The time for thorough inquiry and extensive research is later, after you have made your own discoveries and come to your own conclusions.Adapted from Charles Horton Cooley, Life and the StudentAssignment:Is it better for people to work out their own ideas on a problem or issue before learning how others have approached it? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations.Prompt 4Not yet available。

2009年工商管理硕士专业学位研究生入学全国联考英语试题Section I Vocabulary and Structure (10%)Direction: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes thesentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a pencil.1. The poor lady was too and distressed to talk about the tragedy.A. engagedB. exhaustedC. ignorantD. energetic2. At first , the famous painting doesn't impress the audience at all.A. glanceB. gazeC. stareD. view3. Delegates agree to the plan in , but there were some details they didn't approve.A. disciplineB. theoryC. principleD. nature4. I took the medicine 10minutes ago, but the bitterness is still in my mouth.A. scatteringB. fellingC. maintainingD. lingering5. Since the of human history, human beings have been asking questions like "What is the essence of life."A. duskB. dustC. twinkle C. Dawn6. The eldest son all the family members to discuss how to celebrate the 50th wedding anniversary of their parents.A. ClusteredB. resembledC. assembledD. rendered7. I must leave now. , if you want that book I'LL bring it you tomorrow.A. AccidentallyB. IncidentallyC. OccasionallyD. Subsequently8. My mother is a light sleeper, to any sound even as low as the humming of mosquito.A. alertB. acuteC. keenD. immune9. The newly built factory is in urgent need of a number of skilled and workers.A. consistentB. consciousC. confidentialD. conscientious10. As an outstanding scholar, he has become to the research team.A. seniorB. juniorC. indispensable C. independent11. Sixteen days after the earthquake, 40people, in their village, were rescued.A. trappedB. confinedC. enclosedD. captured12. Working far away from home, Jerry had to from downtown to his office everyday.A. wandersB. commuteC. rambleD. motion13. The finance minister has not been so since he raised taxes to an unbearable level.A. famousB. favorableC. popularD. preferable14. It is unimaginable for someone in such a high in the government to behave so badly in public.A. situationB. positionC. professionD. appointment15. Information given to employees must be , clear and in easy-to-follow language. A．convenient B．continuous C．constant D．concise16. John was very upset because he was by the police with breaking the law.A. sentencedB. arrestedC. accusedD. charged17. David likes country life and has decided farming.A. go in forB. go back onC. go along withD. go through with18. Jennifer has never really her son's death. It's very hard to accept the face that she'll never have a child.A. come to terms withB. come up againstC. come out withD. come down to19. A national debate is now about whether we should replace golden weeks with paid Vacations.A. in the wayB. by the wayC. under wayD. out of the way20. When a psychologist does a general experiment about the human mind, he selects people and asks them questions.A. at easeB. at randomC. in essenceD. in sumSection Ⅱ Cloze (10 points)Directions：For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and blacken the corresponding letter on theANSWER SHEET with a pencil.In1999, the price of oil hovered around $16 a barrel. By 2008, it had 21 the $100 a barrel mark. The reasons for the surge 22 from the dramatic growth of the economies of china and India to widespread 23 in oil-producing regions, including Iraq and Nigeria's delta region. Triple-digit oil prices have 24 the economic and political map of the world, 25 some old notions of power. Oil-rich nations are enjoying historic gains and opportunities, 26 majorimporters—including China and India, home to a third of the world's population -- 27 rising economic and social costs.Managing this new order is fast becoming a central 28 of global politics. Countries that need oil are clawing at each other to 29 scarce supplies, and are willing to deal with any government, 30 how unpleasant, to do it.In many poor nations with oil, the profits are being, lost to corruption, 31 these countries of their best hope for development. And oil is fueling enormous investment funds run by foreign governments, 32 some in the west see as a new threat.Countries like Russia, Venezuela and Iran are well supplied with rising oil 33 , a change reflected in newly aggressive foreign policies. But some unexpected countries are reaping benefits, 34 costs, from higher prices. Consider Germany. 35 it imports virtually all its oil, it has prospered from extensive trade with a booming Russia and the Middle East. German exports to Russia 36 128 percent from 2001 to 2006.In the United States, as already high gas prices rose 37 higher in the spring of 2008, the issue cropped up in the presidential campaign, with Senators McCain and Obama 38 for a federal gas tax holiday during the peak summer driving months. And driving habits began to 39 , as sales of small cars jumped and mass transport systems 40 the country reported a sharp increase in riders.21. A. come B. gone C. crossed D. arrived22. A. covered B. discovered C. arranged D. ranged23. A. intensity B. infinity C. insecurity D. instability24. A. drawn B. redrawn C. retained D. reviewed25. A. fighting B. struggling C. challenging D. threatening26. A. and B. while C. thus D. though27. A. confine B. conflict C. conform D. confront28. A. problem B. question C. matter D. event29. A. look for B. lock up C. send out D. keep off30. A. no matter B. what if C. only if D. in spite of31. A. abolishing B. depriving C. destroying D. eliminating32. A. what B. that C. which D. whom33. A. interests B. taxes C. incomes D. revenues34. A. as many as B. as good as C. as far as D. as well as35. A. Although B. Because C. Since D. As36. A. advanced B. grew C. reduces D. multiplied37. A. even B. still C. rather D. fairly38. A. asking B. requesting C. calling D. demanding39. A. change B. turn C. shift D. transform40. A. for B. from C. across D. overSection III Reading Comprehension (40%)Direction: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D.You should decide on the best choice. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a pencil.Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage:Henric Ibsen, author of the play "A Doll's House", in which a pretty, helpless housewife abandons her husband and children to seek a more serious life, would surely have approved. From January 1st, 2008, all public companies in Norway are obliged to ensure that at least 40% of their board directors are women. Most firms have obeyed the law, which was passed in 2003.But about 75 out of the 480 or so companies it affects are still too male for the government's liking. They will shortly receive a letter informing them that they have until the end of February to act, or face the legal consequences---which could include being dissolved.Before the law was proposed, about 7% of board members in Norway were female, according to the Centre for Corporate Diversity .The number has since jumped to 36%. That is far higher than the average of 9% for big companies across Europe or America's 15% for the Fortune 500.Norway's stock exchange and its main business lobby oppose the law, as do many businessmen." I am against quotas for women or men as a matter of principle," says Sverre Munck, head of international operations at a media firm. "Board members of public companies should be chosen solely on the basis of merit and experience, "be says. Several firms have even given up their public status in order to escape the new law.Companies have had to recruit about 1,000 women in four years. Many complain that it has been difficult to find experienced candidates. Because of this, some of the best women havecollected as many as 25-35 directorships each, and are known in Norwegian business circles as the "golden skirts". One reason for the scarcity is that there are fairly few women in management in Norwegian companies---they occupy around 15% of senior positions. It has been particularly hard for firms in the oil, technology and financial industries to find women with a enough experience.Some people worry that their relative lack of experience may keep women quiet on boards, and that in turn could mean that boards might become less able to hold managers to account. Recent history in Norway, however, suggests that the right women can make strong directors. "Women feel more compelled than men to do their homework," says Ms Reksten Skaugen, who was voted Norway's chairman of the year for 2007, "and we can afford to ask the hard questions, because women are not always expected to know the answers."41. The author mentions Ibsen's play in the first paragraph in order to .A. depict women's dilemma at workB. explain the newly passed lawC. support Norwegian governmentD. introduce the topic under discussion42. A public company that fails to obey the new law could be forced to .A. pay a heavy fineB. close down its businessC. change to a private businessD. sign a document promising to act43. To which of the following is Sverre Munck most likely to agree?A. A set ratio of women in a board is unreasonable.B. A reasonable quota for women at work needs to be set.C. A common principle should be followed by all companies.D. An inexperienced businessman is not subject to the new law.44. The author attributes the phenomenon of "golden skirts" to .A. the small number of qualified females in managementB. the over-recruitment of female managers in public companiesC. the advantage women enjoy when competing for senior positionsD. the discrimination toward women in Norwegian business circles45. The main idea of the passage might be .A. female power and liberation in NorwayB. the significance of Henric Ibsen's playC. women's status in Norwegian firmsD. the constitution of board members in NorwayQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage:While there's never a good age to get cancer, people in their 20s and 30s can feel particularly isolated. The average age of a cancer patient at diagnosis is 67. Children with cancer often are treated at pediatric (小儿科的) cancer centers, but young adults have a tough time finding peers, often sitting side-by-side during treatments with people who could be their grandparents.In her new book Crazy Sexy Cancer Tips, writer Kris Carr looks at cancer from the perspective of a young adult who confronts death just as she's discovering life. Ms. Carr was 31 when she was diagnosed with a rare from of cancer that had generated tumors on her liver and lungs.Ms. Carr reacted with the normal feelings of shock and sadness. She called her parents and stocked up on organic food, determined to become a "full-time healing addict." Then she picked up the phone and called everyone in her address book, asking if they knew other young women with cancer. The result was her own personal "cancer posse": a rock concert tour manager, a model, a fashion magazine editor, a cartoonist and a MTV celebrity, to name a few. This club of "cancer babes" offered support, advice and fashion tips, among other things.Ms. Carr put her cancer experience in a recent Learning Channel documentary, and she has written a practical guide about how she coped. Cancer isn't funny, but Ms. Carr often is. She swears, she makes up names for the people who treat her (Dr. Fabulous and Dr. Guru), and she even makes second sound fun ("cancer road trips," she calls them).She leaves the medical advice to doctors, instead offering insightful and practical tips that reflect the world view of a young adult. "I refused to let cancer ruin my party," she writes. "There are just too many cool things to do and plan and live for."Ms. Carr still has cancer, but it has stopped progressing. Her cancer tips include using time-saving mass e-mails to keep friends informed, sewing or buying fashionable hospital gownsso you're not stuck with regulation blue or gray and playing Gloria Gaynor's "I Will Survive" so loud you neighbors call the police. Ms. Carr also advises an eyebrow wax and a new outfit before you tell the important people in your illness. "people you tell are going to cautious and not so cautiously try to see the cancer, so dazzle them instead with your miracle," she writes.While her advice may sound superficial, it gets to the heart of what every cancer patient wants: the chance to live life just as she always did, and maybe better.46. Which of the following groups is more vulnerable to cancer?A. Children.B. People in their 20s and 30s.C. Young adults.D. Elderly people.47. All of the following statements are true EXCEPT _______.A. Kris Carr is a female writerB. Kris Carr is more than 31-year-old.C. Kris Carr works in a cancer center.D. Kris Carr is very optimistic.48. The phrase "cancer posse" (Line 4, para.3) probably refers to ________A. a cancer research organizationB. a group of people who suffer from cancerC. people who have recovered from cancerD. people who cope with cancer49. Kris Carr make up names for the people who treat her because ________A. she is depressed and likes swearingB. she is funny and likes playing jokes on doctorC. she wants to leave the medical advice to doctorD. she tries to leave a good impression on doctor50. From Kris Carr's cancer tips we may infer that ________A. she learned to use e-mails after she got cancerB. she wears fashionable dress even after suffering from cancerC. hospital gowns for cancer patients are usually not in bright colorsD. the neighbors are very friendly with cancer patientsQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage:Should a leader strive to be loved or feared? This question, famously posed by Machiavelli, lies at the heart of Joseph Nye's new book. .Mr. Nye, a former dean of the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard and one-time chairman of America's National Intelligence Council, is best known for promoting the idea of "soft power", based on persuasion and influence, as a counterpoint to "hard power", based on coercion(强迫) and force.Having analyzed the use of soft and hard power in politics and diplomacy in his previous books, Mr. Nye has now turned his attention to the relationship between power and leadership, in both the political and business spheres .Machiavelli, he notes, concluded that "one ought to be both feared and loved, but as it is difficult for the two to go together, it is much safer to be feared than loved." In short, hard power is preferable to soft power. But modem leadership theorists have come to the opposite conclusion.The context of leadership is changing, the observe, and the historical emphasis on hard power is becoming outdated. In modem companies and democracies, power is increasingly diffused and traditional hierarchies(等级制) are being undermined, making soft power ever more important. But that does not mean coercion should now take a back seat to persuasion. Mr. Nye argues. Instead, he advocates a synthesis of these two views. The conclusion of The Powers to Lead, his survey of the theory of leadership, is that a combination of hard and soft power, which he calls” smart power, is the best approach.The dominant theoretical model of leadership at the moment is, apparently, the “transformational leadership pattern. Anone allergic(反感) to management term will already be running for the exit, but Mr. Nye has performed a valuable service in rounding up and summarizing the various academic studies and theories of leadership into a single, slim volume. He examines different approaches to leadership, the morality of leadership and how the wider context can determine the effectiveness of a particular leader. There are plenty of anecdotes and examples, both historical and contemporary, political and corporate.Also, leadership is a slippery subject, and as he depicts various theories, even Mr. Nye never quite nails the jelly to the wall. He is at his most interesting when discussing the moral aspects of leadership in particular, the question of whether it is sometimes necessary for good leaders to lie -and he provides a helpful 12-point summary of his conclusions. A resuming theme is that as circumstances change, different sorts of leaders are required; a leader who thrives inone environment may struggle in another, and vice versa. Ultimately that is just a fancy way of saying that leadership offers no easy answers.51. From the first two paragraphs we may learn than Mr. Machiavelli's idea of hard power is ______.A. well accepted by Joseph NyeB. very influential till nowadaysC. based on sound theoriesD. contrary to that of modem leadership theorists52. Which of the following makes soft power more important today according to Mr. Nye?A. Coercion is widespread.B. Morality is devalued.C. Power is no longer concentrated.D. Traditional hierarchies are strengthened53. In his book the Powers to lead, Mr. Nye has ermined all the following aspects of leadership EXCEPT_____.A. authorityB. contextC. approachesD. morality54. Mr. Nye's book is particularly valuable in that it _____.A. makes little use of management termsB. summarizes various studies conciselyC. serves as an exit for leadership researchersD. sets a model for contemporary corporate leaders55. According to the author, the most interesting part of Mr. Nye's book lies in his ____.A. view of changeable leadershipB. definition of good leadershipC. summary of leadership historyD. discussion of moral leadershipQuestions 56 to 60are based on the following passage:Americans don't like to lose wars. Of course, a lot depends on how you define just what a war is. There are shooting wars-the kind that test patriotism and courage-and those are the kind at which the U.S excels. But other struggles test those qualities too. What else was the Great Depression or the space race or the construction of the railroads? If American indulges in a bit of flag—when the job is done, they earned it.Now there is a similar challenge: global warming. The steady deterioration(恶化)of the very climate of this very planet is becoming a war of the first order, and by any measure, the U.S. produces nearly a quarter of the world's greenhouse gases each year and has stubbornly made it clear that it doesn't intend to do a whole lot about it. Although 174 nations approved the admittedly flawed Kyoto accords to reduce carbon levels, the U.S. walked away from them. There are vague promises of manufacturing fuel from herbs or powering cars with hydrogen. But for a country that tightly cites patriotism as one of its core values, the U.S. is taking a pass on what might be the most patriotic struggle of all. It's hard to imagine a bigger fight than one for the survival of a country's coasts and farms, the health of its people and stability of its economy.The rub is, if the vast majority of people increasingly agree that climate change is a global emergency, there's far less agreement on how to fix it. Industry offers its pans, which too often would fix little. Environmentalists offer theirs, which too often amount to native wish lists that could weaken American's growth. But let's assume that those interested parties and others will always bent the table and will always demand that their voices be heard and that their needs be addressed. What would an aggressive, ambitious, effective plan look like-one that would leave the U.S. both environmentally safe and economically sound?Halting climate change will be far harder. One of the more conservative plans for addressing the problem calls for a reduction of 25 billion tons of carbon emissions over the next 52 year. And yet by devising a consistent strategy that mixes and blends pragmatism(实用主义)with ambition, the U.S. can, without major damage to the economy, help halt the worst effects of climate change and ensure the survival of its way of life for future generations. Money will do some of the work, but what's needed most is will. "I'm not saying the challenge isn't almost overwhelming," says Fred Krupp. "But this is America, and America has risen to these challenges before."56. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. Human wars.B. Economic crisis.C. America's environmental policies.D. Global environment in general.57. From the last sentence of paragraph 2 we may learn that the survival of a country's coastsand farms, the health of its people and the stability of its economy is__________.A. of utmost importanceB. a fight no one can winC. beyond people's imaginationD. a less significant issue58. Judging from the context, the word "rub"(Line 1, Para.3) probably means_______.A. frictionB. contradictionC. conflictD. problem59. What is the author's attitude toward America's policies on global warming?A. CriticalB. IndifferentC. SupportiveD. Compromising60. The paragraphs immediately following this passage would most probably deal with___________.A. the new book written by Fred KruppB. how America can fight against global warmingC. the harmful effects of global warmingD. how America can tide over economic crisisSection Ⅳ Translation (20 points)Directions：In this section there is a passage in English. Translate it into Chinese and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.With the nation’s financial system teetering(蹒跚) on a cliff. The compensation arrangements for executives of the big banks and other financial firms are coming under close examination again.Bankers’ excessive risk- taking is a significant cause of this financial crisis and has continued, to others in the past, in this case, it was fueled by low interest rates and kept going by a false sense of security created by a debt-fueled bubble in the economy.Mortgage lenders gladly lent enormous sums to those who could not afford to pay themback dividing the laws and selling them off to the next financial institution along the chain, advantage of the same high-tech securitization (证券化) to load on more risky mortgage-based assets.Financial regulation will have to catch up with the most irresponsible practices that led banks down in this road, in hopes averting the next crisis, which is likely to involve different financial techniques and different sorts of assets. But it is worth examining the root problem of compensation schemes that are tied to short-term profits and revenue’s, and thus encourage bankers to take irresponsible risks.Section V Writing (20%)Directions : It is known that text message（手机短信）has both advantages and disadvantages. Some people think it is a blessing, while others regard it as a hell. In this section, you are asked to write an essay on text messaging. You can take either stand and provide specific reasons and examples to support your idea. You should write at least 150 words on ANSWER SHEET.2009年工商管理硕士专业学位研究生入学全国联考英语试题参考答案Section Ⅰ Vocabulary1. B2. A3. C4. D5. D6. C7. B8. A9. D 10. C 11. A 12. B 13. C 14. B 15. D 16. D 17. A 18. A 19. C 20. B Section Ⅱ Cloze21-25 CDDBC26-30 BDCBA31-35 BCDDA36-40 BACACSection Ⅲ Reading Comprehension41-45 DBAAC46-50 DCBBC51-55 DCABD56-60 CADABSection Ⅳ Translation由于国家金融体制动荡不已，情况堪虞，一些大银行和金融机构中的高层的补偿金计划再次成为审视对象。