优化方案(新课标,全国卷Ⅰ)高考英语二轮复习 第二部分 题型专题突破 三 七选五跟踪训练

推理判断题推理判断题(一)A(2020·江西重点中学盟校第一次联考)Based on new analysis，we are rapidly approaching major climate change and the effects on society and the environment could be quite severe.Geographers predict that within the next eighty years，current world climate zones could shift and some could completely disappear.Polar regions will get colder while tropical regions will get even hotter，forcing animals to migrate(迁徙) north.Climate changes like these could lead to the spread of diseases.Tropical storms and hurricanes will not only increase but may also become more intense.If the changes come too quickly，animal and plant species may not be able to adapt fast enough and could disappear.According to Science Daily，a new study predicts that by the year 2100，many of today’s familiar climates will be replaced by climates unknown in today’s world.It is urgent that we reduce the risks of these far－reaching consequences for the whole world.The planet itself has been showing signs of change.In 2020，a serious tsunami created by a major earthquake killed thousands in Sumatra and in 2020，thousands died in China because of another severe earthquake.Egypt was hit in 2020 with a major earthquake and Haiti was devastated in 2020 by yet another massive earthquake.Within just the last few months，new reports from around the world have been coming in and most agree that our climate situation is much worse than previously thought.At this point，it doesn’t matter what is causing it，but rather，what can be done about it.What’s more，our world is getting more and more unstable every year.There is war and threat of wareverywhere.Natural disasters are becoming more frequent and serious.However，other planets are experiencing global warming as well as our own and some scientists believe there may be some connection between this.No one knows anything for sure at this point because there is simply not enough data.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。

书面表达A(2015·潍坊4月模拟)假如你的朋友有一幅郑板桥的画，要在国际购物网站eBay上出作者郑板桥，清代画家，擅长花卉木石，尤擅写竹画作主题：竹子尺寸：138 cm×38 cm售价：30 000美元收藏理由：代表作之一，保存完好，极具升值空间注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________One possible version：As a well－known painter in Qing dynasty，Zheng Banqiao enjoys great popularity in China all the is famous for painting flowers，trees and stones，especially painting happens to be one of his masterpieces on measures 138 centimeters long and 38 centimeters ，preserved with great care by the former owners，it is still in very good ，it is for sale at a price of 30，000 do believe you have good reasons to buy may keep it for long if you if you sell it in the future，it is sure to be worth more money.B(2015·太原一模)近年来，人们对中国传统节日的关注程度日益下降，而洋节日却越来赞成的理由1.有助于吸收外来文化，促进跨文化交流；2．有些节日具有教育意义，如母亲节、感恩节等。

篇章结构题A(2015·湖南衡阳一联)There is an old Chinese proverb that states “One generation plants the trees；another gets the shade”，and this is how it should be with mothers and daughters.The relationship between a mother and daughter is sometimes confusing.If close，the relationship can be similar to friendship.However，the mother and daughter relationship has unique characteristics that distinguish it from a friendship.These characteristics include the hierarchy(等级) and unconditional love，which preclude mothers and daughters from being best friends.Marina，27 years old，says，“I love spending time with my mom，but I wouldn’t consider her my best friend.Best friends don’t pay for your wedding.Best friends don’t remind you how they carried you in their body and gave you life！Best friends don’t tell you how wise they are because they have been alive at least 20 years longer than you.”This doesn’t mean that the mother and daughter relationship can’t be very close and satisfying.While some adult relationships are still troubled，many find them to be extremely rewarding.This generation of mothers and adult daughters has a lot in common which increases the likelihood of shared companionship.Mothers and daughters have always shared the common experience of being homemakers，responsible for maintaining and passing on family values and traditions.Today contemporary mothers and daughters also share the experience of the workforce and technology，which may bring them even closer together.Best friends may or may not continue to be best friends，but for better or worse，the mother and daughter relationship is permanent，even if they aren’t speaking for some unfortunate reasons.The mother and child relationship is still closer than any other.There is not an equal relationship.Daughters should not feel responsible for their mother’s emotional well－being.It isn’t that they don’t care deeply about their mothers.It’s just that they shouldn’t be burdened with their mother’s well－being.The mother and daughter relationship is a relationship that is not replaceable by any other.Mothers never stop being mothers，which includes frequently wanting to protect their daughters and often feeling responsible for their happiness.Mother always “trumps” friends.【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。

满分练(二)阅读理解+七选五(限时:40分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2023安徽蚌埠三模)Discover world-class culture on a walking tour of four of the German capital’s best museums.DDR MUSEUMBegin on the banks of the River Spree at the brilliant DDR Museum,which provides a unique look into everyday life in former East Germany.Visitors are encouraged to get hands-on with the exhibits,many of which have come from private households.Niitors eanJgo for a drive in a model Trabant—the cars were nicknamed ‘Trabis’—or explore a detailed reconstruction of a flat in an East Berlin tower block.HUMBOLDT FORUMHead over Karl-Liebkheeht Bridge to Museum Island and the new HumboldtForum.Built on the footprint of the 18th century Royal Palace,badly damaged in the Second World War,the building c ombines the palace’s reconstructed baroque(巴洛克) architecture with contemporary style.As well as an exhibition showing the site’s history,the Humboldt Forum houses the Berlin State Museums’ collections of global art.PERGAMON MUSEUMWalk past the Altes Museum to the Pergamon Museum,which displays ancient Roman,Greek and Middle Eastern art and archaeology.The three-winged complex houses a wealth of treasures and splendid reconstructions of architectural monuments,including the vivid blue,sixth-century Ishtar Gate of Babylon and the 170 BC Pergamon Altar (note that the hall housing the latter is closed for reconstruction until 2025).GEMALDE GALERIEWalk along Berlin’s central avenue,Unter den Linden,all the way to the Brandenburg Gate.From there,head southwest across leafy Tiergarten park and you’ll emerge at the modernist Berlin Kulturforum.Here you’ll find the Gemalde Galerie—the Gallery of Old Masters—one of the world’s most important collections of European paintings.Take time to admire masterpieces by the likes of Caravaggio,Rembrandt and Raphael.1.What can visitors do in DDR Museum?A.Experience royal life.B.Drive a real Trabant car.C.Explore rebuilding of a tower.D.Operate the exhibits with hands.2.Which museum houses worldwide artworks?A.DDR Museum.B.Humboldt Forum.C.Pergamon Museum.D.Gemalde Galerie.3.What do the four museums have in common?A.They were reconstructed.B.They display modern art.C.They are located in Berlin.D.They provide driving tours.B(2023福建漳州三模)Mary had struggled to find the right words to convey her thoughts and feelings ever since she was a child.She was often told that she was “too quiet” or “too shy”,and as she grew older,she became increasingly self-conscious about her inability to articulate herself.It wasn’t that she didn’t have anything to say—far from it.Mary’s mind was constantly racing with ideas and observations,but no matter how hard she tried,she just couldn’t seem to get the words out.“Mary,I need to talk to you,” Mr.Thompson,the boss of Mary’s new co mpany,said one day,his voice serious.Mary’s heart sank.“Don’t worry,” Mr.Thompson said,noticing Mary’s panic.“It’s not that kind of conversation.I just want to talk to you about something that’s been on my mind lately.”He paused for a moment,collecting his thoughts.“I’ve noticed that you’ve been struggling a bit lately.It seems like you’re having a tough time communicating with customers.I hear that you’re proficient at writing.So why not join our Advertising Department?Besides,I have another suggestion...”Mary kept nodding,unable to find the words to express her gratitude.Following Mr.Thompson’s suggestion,Mary joined a writing competition.She had always been a talented writer,and she knew that she had the potential to create somethingtruly special.So she set to work,pouring her heart and soul into her essay.The words started flowing,and Mary found herself writing with a newfound sense of clarity and purpose.The judges of the competition were amazed by Mary’s essay,and they selected it as the winner.Mary was thrilled,and she was grateful to have finally found the right way to do a good job.4.What does the underlined word “articulate” mean in paragraph 1?A.Teach.B.Express.C.Behave.D.Encourage.5.Why did Mr.Thompson have a talk with Mary?A.To point out her mistakes.B.To advise her to quit the job.C.To offer her some help.D.To comfort her struggles.6.What was Mary’s feeling when creating her essay?A.Confident.B.Determined.C.Inspired.D.Relaxed.7.What can best describe Mary’s experience?A.Actions speak louder than words.B.All things are easy that are done willingly.C.Loses on one side and gains on the other.D.Diligence can make up for lack of intelligence.C(2023广东江门二模)New words emerge in English all the time.In fact,in recent years more new words and phrases are entering the language than ever before,partly due to the increased willingness of lexicographers (词典编纂者) to include them in the dictionaries.John Algeo who studies the history of language says,“As our culture changes,the language changes.American culture is going through a time of rapid change.”Technology is moving fast,which has a big effect on language.The computer world produces hundreds of new words.New terms also come from business,medicine,and other fields.Many new English words come from other languages.David Jost helps create the American Heritage Dictionary.“We constantly borrow words from other cultures,” he says.“This will go on forever in cultures.”“People in many parts of the world speak English now.That is another reason why so many new words are entering the language,” says Algeo.The American Dialect Society has a contest each year.The society selects a “new word of the year”,which gains high level of popularity on media for some st year the winner was “information superhighway”,referring to a whole set of electronic network of information and people getting access to this network by computer.New words often come in several forms,such as the back-formation (like enthuse from enthusiasm),the clipping (like zoo from zoological garden),and the compounding,etc.Over time,one form tends to win out.Take the compounding for instance.“Domestic partners” has been growing popular lately,even though many terms have been used to describe couples who live together but are not married.“A new word rarely can be traced to one source,” says Algeo.“Several people tend to create a new word when a need for one exists.”“Most new words have a limited life ‘span’,” say language experts.Only a few will survive through the next 100 years.8.What might have least effect on English language?A.Culture.B.Technology.C.Other languages.nguage contests.9.What does the writer want to demonstrate by mentioning “domestic partners”?A.It is a compounding word.B.New words often come in several forms.C.Over time,one form tends to win out.D.A new word rarely can be traced to one source.10.What can we learn from the passage?A.New words occur all of a sudden.B.New words will become old or extinct.rmation technology helps the American Dialect Society.D.American culture changes rapidly as well as English language.11.What’s the best title of this passage?A.New Words Developing NaturallyB.English Language Changing RapidlyC.English Vocabulary in a State of DevelopmentD.New Words Influencing English LanguageD(2023河北张家口二模)A new study found some primates (灵长类) are leaving their tree homes and spending more time on the ground.Led by Timothy Eppley,Ph.D.,scientists studied nearly 50 species of monkeys and lemurs (狐猴) to look at the reason behind these changes.About 15 years ago,Eppley worked with southern bamboo lemurs,which were known to spend most of their days in the trees,feeding on bamboo leaves.However,he was surprised to find these lemurs were spending most time on the ground and had an incredibly diverse diet.He wondered whether habitat reduction and limited food resource availability were driving them move to the ground.This inspired him to begin this study.He reached out to every researcher he could find who may have significant data on primates from Madagascar or the Americas,the two places with almost all tree-dwelling primates.Eppley examined more than 150,000 hours of data observed on 32 monkey species and 15 lemur species at 68 sites.He found that they spent an average of only 2.5% of their time on the ground each month.But the findings showed some interesting differences.“As habitats are degraded and the climate worsens,primates that are flexible enough to adapt because of their diverse diets or live in larger groups may be more likely to shift to life on the ground,” Eppley says.“However,other species that rely on fruit diets or live in small groups are less adaptable and are less willing to leave the tree.For these species,we will still need to enforce fast and effective conservation strategies to ensure their survival.”Although moving to the ground has some advantages in certain situations,primates can face problems when they leave the trees.They can become victims of other animals and diseases.Besides,they will be faced with finding appropriate food resources on the ground,thus having a broad or flexible diet is important.Primates are important seed spreaders within their forest habitats.The loss of primates would lead to negative effects on the ecosystem.12.Why did Timothy Eppley begin his study?A.To try to make primates more adaptive.B.To study how monkeys differ from lemurs.C.To figure out the reason for the loss of bamboo.D.To find out why primates are turning to the ground.13.How did Timothy Eppley carry out his research?A.By doing experiments.B.By observing in the wild.C.By studying collected data.D.By interviewing the locals.14.Which kind of primates are more likely to come down from trees?A.Those eating diverse diets.B.Those with a large size.C.Those feeding mainly on fruits.D.Those living in small groups.15.What will become a concern according to the study?A.Animals will become less adaptive.B.The forest ecosystem will become worse.C.More natural habitats will be lost.D.More animal-related diseases will appear.Ⅱ.七选五(2023河北保定一模)Gardening can be a fun and rewarding activity for people of all ages,but it can be especially beneficial for children.Gardening enhances children’s senses and motor skil ls.In addition to being able to touch the soil,use various tools and seeds,children can also spot the differences between different plants,and hear sounds of different insects.1.Gardening activities likedigging,planting,watering,and weeding can stimulate movements of the body,particularly arms and hands,and help children learn about the natural world.2.Children’s curiosity about plants starts with the first seed they sow.They learn about natural process by observing the growth and fruit ripen.They also come to appreciate the vital role of insects and worms for plants and recognize that everything in nature is connected.Plant care fosters (培养) patience and responsibility.3,and children learn what it means to be responsible for something to help ensure its health.Gardening also teaches children about caring for the environment,fostering a love and respect for nature.Gardening promotes nutrition and healthy choices for kids.Planting and cultivating (培育) plants,picking vegetables and fruit,and involving kids in cooking with what they grew will certainly result in a wish to try and consume the food they prepared.They will gladly try vegetables and fruit they planted and cultivated themselves.4.Gardening gives your family bonding time.Bonding with your family is so important,but it can be hard to realize with the digital age.5,which contributes to parent-child relationship.A.Plants need regular and consistent careB.Gardening gives you a chance to dial this backC.Children get a head start on learning about scienceD.Gardening involves scientific observations and creativityE.It provides good,healthy outdoor activity for the whole familyF.This helps children to nurture self-confidence and healthy diet habitsG.Interacting with the surrounding nature encourages the learning process答案：满分练(二)阅读理解+七选五Ⅰ.A[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。

推理判断题A(2020·北京东城区综合练习二)Hunger is the greatest motive for the inexperienced cook.But many people are now worried that we are producing a generation without the slightest idea of how to cook—a generation that is frightened to cook.I have just received a handout from Focus on Food，which is running a competition to get children back into the kitchen.Has television cooking become a replacement for the real thing？Is this an age where famous professional cooks have turned cooking into a sort of show，with dishes far too difficult for the beginner to copy?I decided to ask my oldest daughter，Miranda，for her opinion.Are children learning enough about the importance of good cooking？Do they know cooking is a basic life skill？Sociology and other “new” subjects are all very well，but without the ability to cook，or to understand the pleasure and principles of good food and its relationship to good health，are we really preparing them for adult life?Miranda started her cooking at the age of nine，when she decided to enter the Sainsbury’s Future Cook competition.She was motivated by a different kind of greed：the first prize—a trip to Disney World.The problem，from the parental point of view，was that if she made it through to the regional (区域性的) finals，she would have to cook her meal in front of the judges.Some 30，000 children entered and she made it through as the youngest regional finalist.Now she had to learn to cook.Her hands were not even big enough to hold the knife and slice the onions.Six Saturdays running we ate the same lunch—Mozzarella meatballs in fresh tomato juice and blueberry.First，she cooked by my side，then alone with timings and instructions.Finally，she went alone against the clock.The kitchen looked like a battlefield，but she had gained victory.The tiny be－capped figure then stood in an unknown Bristol hotel，looking like a professional who had been at the stove for years.She didn’t win，but she came home with ￡50 and the most valuable part of them all：confidence.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。

词义猜测题词义猜测题(一)A(2016·洛阳统一考试)One winter, my cousin and I were playing toy blocks in the yard. My mom was out for shopping to get groceries and my dad was asleep upstairs in his room. Suddenly, it started to snow. First it was just a little. But then it started to pour heavily.Then, we put the finishing touches to our blocks and headed back inside. Right when I opened the sliding glass door, my cousin fell down on the slippery wooden stairs. I let go of the door, my worst mistake, you see. The door locks automatically but I had put a rock, right next to the door so it wouldn’t close. But while I was running to m y cousin’s aid I’d accidentally kicked the rock.Now, my cousin and I were locked outside. And unfortunately it started to get really windy. It was really freezing with the snow. First we started to call my dad, but he was sleeping soundly. I mean, slept through a tornado soundly. It was of no use.Then I tried to climb over the fence but it didn’t work because the fence was iced by snow and wind, and the fence is six feet high. So, I climbed up to my tree house and brainstormed some ideas on ways to get in. At one point, I was seriously considering jumping out of the tree house and using the trampoline(蹦床) to jump over the fence.So, we got to work. First, I took out the trampoline. Then I started to jump. First try—I almost cracked my head. Second try—this time I convinced my cousin to do it but at the last second, he chickened_out. Third try—I jumped and missed but at the last second, my hand caught the fence, and with a lot of pushing I finally climbed over the fence and luckily, I fell on a big snowdrift.Then I got inside and unlocked the door for my cousin to get in. Finally, my mom came back. Then we shared this story to my mom and dad.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是作者与表弟在后院玩耍时突遇风雪天气，因意外他们被锁在门外的经历。

第七组(建议用时：30分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解(2015·呼和浩特第一次调研)Many people may be surprised by the number of chemicals that they are exposed to through everyday household products.In a study 25 women had their homes and bodies tested for 89 environmental pollutants—including pesticides(杀虫剂) and chemicals found in plastics and cleaning products. On average 20 chemicals were found on their bodies or in their homes.Much is unknown about the possible health effects of chemicals in everyday household products. But certain chemicals—like phthalates (邻苯二甲酸盐) found in plastics—have been linked to potential health risks, including higher risks of certain cancers, though the evidence mainly comes from research on lab animals. Other household chemicals are known to harm the skin, eyes and airways—and may worsen asthma(哮喘). Many more chemicals found remain untested.Chemicals likely come from a range of sources, so it is not always clear how to reduce people’s exposure, according to Dr Rebecca Altman, the lead researcher on the new study.In the original study, she noted, women were given advice based on the particular chemicals they were exposed to—such as using fragrance, free washing liquid and personal­care products.For the current study, Altman and her colleagues interviewed two dozen women who’d taken part in the previous study to see how they would react to information about their household chemical exposures. They found that the women were generally surprised at the range of chemicals found in their homes and bodies. They were also surprised that even some banned things were found.With many questions about the health effects of household chemicals unanswered, some experts worrythat giving people information about their everyday exposures will cause unnecessary fear. However, the researchers found that the women in their study were typically not alarmed，and instead wanted “more rather than less” information on the issue.1．Which of the following statements about chemicals in household products is TRUE?A．It is uncertain what effects some chemicals have on health.B．Long term exposure to them is certain to cause a deadly illness.C．In the study it was found that certain chemicals can cause cancers.D．Some of them have bad effects on health, while some have good effects.2．The underlined word “airways” in Paragraph 3 most probably refers to ________．A．things that look like fine threads growing in the bodyB．the passage running from your nose and throat to the lungsC．the passage between rows of rooms in a buildingD．the area just inside the front door of a building3．Why is it not clear how to reduce exposure to chemicals?A．Because all everyday products contain chemicals.B．Because much is unknown about the sources.C．Because measures have not been tested for their effects.D．Because chemicals come from a variety of sources.4．According to Dr Rebecca Altman，________．A．women were more likely to be harmed by chemicalsB．it is unnecessary to inform people about the study resultsC．fragrant products may contain harmful chemicalsD．further study on everyday products should be done immediatelyⅡ.完形填空(2015·邢台高三摸底考试)My 13­year­old son and I had quite the adventure this morning! We frequently passed by a ___1__ landscaped yard with a nice little flower garden. I wanted to ___2___ my thanks for the time and effort put inby the ___3___， but I’ve never seen him or her, so we went to a local nurseryand bought a gift card that I would leave with a __4___ and a smile card the next time that I passed by.We also ran to Walmart and ___5__ a few $10 gift cards along with somenote cards and our other __6__．While we were putting our things away in the car,my son __7__ that a lady that had just parked next to us looked a little__8__. As soon as she entered the __9__，we grabbed a note card, made a note___10__， and added a gift card for her to find when she got back to her __11__，hoping to comfort her feelings.After that, we went for a(n) ___12__ breakfast. The restaurant was pretty__13__ and the people working in the kitchen seemed to be busy forever. A young couple ___14__ across the dining table from us was having some trouble with their __15__， who looked to be about four or five. He grew __16__ and impatient with the wait and they had their hands __17__keeping him from making troubles.I remembered being in their __18__， so I stopped their ___19___ andhad their breakfast added to my check. Great __20__ to my day, and I can’t wait to do it again！B．carelesslyC．roughly D．beautifullyB．recognizeC．design D．accept3. A．nurseB．dentistC．gardenerD．passer­byB．noteC．book D．diplomaB．borrowedC．sold D．imported6. A．instruments B．dessertsC．vegetables D．groceries7. A．suspected B．observedC．imagined D．reserved8. A．elegant B．generousC．excited D．upsetB．clinicC．bank D．nursery10. A．slowly B．unwillinglyC．quickly D．shyly11. A．house B．carC．bike D．bench12. A．early B．boringC．expensive D．lateB．emptyC．packed D．desertedB．loadedC．seated D．arrangedB．daughterC．dog D．petB．tirelessC．careless D．restlessB．fullC．normal D．necessaryB．glovesC．shoes D．socksB．childC．customer D．hostessB．startC．story D．dreamⅢ.语法填空(2015·河南普通毕业班适应性练习)A young lady confidently walked around the room with a raised glass of water, and everyone knew she was going to ask the question，“half empty or half full？”She 1.____________ (fool) them all.“How heavy is this glass of water？” she inquired with a smile.2.____________ (answer) came out from 8 oz. to 20 oz.She replied，“The absolute weight doesn’t matter.3.____________ depends on how long I hold it. If I hold it for a minute, that’s not a problem. If I hold it for an hour, I 4.____________ (have) an ache in my right arm. If I hold it for a day, you’ll have to call an ambulance. In each case it’s the same weight, but the longer I hold it, the 5.____________(heavy) it becomes.” She continued，“And that’s the way it is with stress. If we carry our burdens all the time, sooner or later, as the burden becomes 6.____________ (increasing) heavy, we won’t be able to carryon.”“As with the glass of water, you have to put it down for a while and rest before7.____________ (hold) it again. When we’re refreshed, we can carry on8.____________ the burden—holding stress longer and better each time practiced.”So, as early in the evening 9.____________ you can, put all your burdens down. Don’t carry them through the evening and into the night.Pick them 10.____________ tomorrow.第七组Ⅰ.阅读理解【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，阐述了人们在日常生活中所使用的家居用品中所含的化学成分可能给人的健康带来的诸多影响。