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数学mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE)公理axiom定理theorem计算calculation运算operation证明prove假设hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.)命题proposition算术arithmetic加plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)被加数augend, summand加数addend和sum减minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.) 被减数minuend减数subtrahend差remainder乘times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.) 被乘数multiplicand, faciend乘数multiplicator积product除divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.)被除数dividend除数divisor商quotient等于equals, is equal to, is equivalent to大于is greater than小于is lesser than大于等于is equal or greater than小于等于is equal or lesser than运算符operator数字digit数number自然数natural number整数integer小数decimal小数点decimal point分数fraction分子numerator分母denominator比ratio正positive负negative零null, zero, nought, nil十进制decimal system二进制binary system十六进制hexadecimal system权weight, significance进位carry截尾truncation四舍五入round下舍入round down上舍入round up有效数字significant digit无效数字insignificant digit代数algebra公式formula, formulae(pl.)单项式monomial多项式polynomial, multinomial系数coefficient未知数unknown, x-factor, y-factor, z-factor 等式，方程式equation一次方程simple equation二次方程quadratic equation 三次方程cubic equation四次方程quartic equation不等式inequation阶乘factorial对数logarithm指数，幂exponent乘方power二次方，平方square三次方，立方cube四次方the power of four, the fourth powern次方the power of n, the nth power开方evolution, extraction二次方根，平方根square root三次方根，立方根cube root四次方根the root of four, the fourth rootn次方根the root of n, the nth root集合aggregate元素element空集void子集subset交集intersection并集union补集complement映射mapping函数function定义域domain, field of definition值域range常量constant变量variable单调性monotonicity奇偶性parity周期性periodicity图象image数列，级数series微积分calculus微分differential导数derivative极限limit无穷大infinite(a.) infinity(n.)无穷小infinitesimal积分integral定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral有理数rational number无理数irrational number实数real number虚数imaginary number复数complex number矩阵matrix行列式determinant弧度radian锐角acute angle直角right angle钝角obtuse angle平角straight angle周角perigon底base边side高height三角形triangle锐角三角形acute triangle直角三角形right triangle直角边leg表面积surface area体积volume空间space坐标系coordinates坐标轴x-axis, y-axis, z-axis横坐标x-coordinate纵坐标y-coordinate原点origin双曲线hyperbola抛物线parabola三角trigonometry正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent统计statistics平均数average加权平均数weighted average方差variance标准差root-mean-square deviation, standarddeviation比例propotion百分比percent百分点percentage百分位数percentile概率，或然率probability分布distribution正态分布normal distribution非正态分布abnormal distributionalgebraic term 代数项like terms, similar terms 同类项numerical coefficient 数字系数literal coefficient 字母系数inequality 不等式triangle inequality 三角不等式range 值域original equation 原方程equivalent equation 同解方程，等价方程linear equation 线性方程(e.g. 5?x?+6=22)quarter 四分之一decimal fraction 纯小数infinite decimal 无穷小数recurring decimal 循环小数tenths unit 十分位natural number 自然数positive number 正数negative number 负数odd integer, odd number 奇数even integer, even number 偶数integer, whole number 整数positive whole number 正整数negative whole number 负整数consecutive number 连续整数eflections of functions 函数的倒映映射chapter threeExponential functions 指数函数exponential decay 指数式衰减exponent 指数properties of exponential functions 指数函数的特性chapter fourTrigonometry 三角学Reciprocal trigonometric ratios 倒数三角函数比Trigonometric functions 三角函数Discrete functions 离散函数。
数学专业英语词汇（部分）n ary relation n元关系n ball n维球n cell n维胞腔n chromatic graph n色图n coboundary n上边缘n cocycle n上循环n connected space n连通空间n dimensional column vector n维列向量n dimensional euclidean space n维欧几里得空间n dimensional rectangular parallelepiped n维长方体n dimensional row vector n维行向量n dimensional simplex n单形n dimensional skeleton n维骨架n disk n维圆盘n element set n元集n fold extension n重扩张n gon n角n graph n图n homogeneous variety n齐次簇n person game n人对策n simplex n单形n sphere bundle n球丛n th member 第n项n th partial quotient 第n偏商n th power operation n次幂运算n th root n次根n th term 第n项n times continuously differentiable n次连续可微的n times continuously differentiable function n次连续可微函数n tuple n组n tuply connected domain n重连通域n universal bundle n通用丛nabla 倒三角算子nabla calculation 倒三角算子计算nabla operator 倒三角算子napier's logarithm 讷代对数natural boundary 自然边界natural boundary condition 自然边界条件natural coordinates 自然坐标natural equation 自然方程natural equivalence 自然等价natural exponential function 自然指数函数natural frequency 固有频率natural geometry 自然几何natural injection 自然单射natural isomorphism 自然等价natural language 自然语言natural logarithm 自然对数natural mapping 自然映射natural number 自然数natural oscillation 固有振荡natural sine 正弦真数natural transformation 自然变换naught 零necessary and sufficient conditions 必要充分的条件necessary and sufficient statistic 必要充分统计量necessary condition 必要条件necessity 必然性negation 否定negation sign 否定符号negation symbol 否定符号negative 负数negative angle 负角negative binomial distribution 负二项分布negative complex 负复形negative correlation 负相关negative definite form 负定型negative definite hermitian form 负定埃尔米特形式negative definite quadratic form 负定二次形式negative function 负函数negative number 负数negative operator 负算子negative parity 负电阻negative part 负部分negative particular proposition 否定特称命题negative proposition 否定命题negative rotation 反时针方向旋转negative semidefinite 半负定的negative semidefinite eigenvalue problem 半负定特盏问题negative semidefinite form 半负定型negative semidefinite quadratic form 半负定二次形式negative sign 负号negative skewness 负偏斜性negative variation 负变差negligible quantity 可除量neighborhood 邻域neighborhood base 邻域基neighborhood basis 邻域基neighborhood filter 邻域滤子neighborhood retract 邻域收缩核neighborhood space 邻域空间neighborhood system 邻域系neighborhood topology 邻域拓扑neighboring vertex 邻近项点nephroid 肾脏线nerve 神经nested intervals 区间套net 网net function 网格函数net of curves 曲线网net of lines 直线网network 网络network analysis 网络分析network flow problem 网络潦题network matrix 网络矩阵neumann boundary condition 诺伊曼边界条件neumann function 诺伊曼函数neumann problem 诺伊曼问题neumann series 诺伊曼级数neutral element 零元素neutral line 中线neutral plane 中性平面neutral point 中性点newton diagram 牛顿多边形newton formula 牛顿公式newton identities 牛顿恒等式newton interpolation polynomial 牛顿插值多项式newton method 牛顿法newton potential 牛顿位势newtonian mechanics 牛顿力学nice function 佳函数nil ideal 零理想nil radical 幂零根基nilalgebra 幂零代数nilpotency 幂零nilpotent 幂零nilpotent algebra 幂零代数nilpotent element 幂零元素nilpotent group 幂零群nilpotent ideal 幂零理想nilpotent matrix 幂零矩阵nilpotent radical 幂零根基nine point circle 九点圆nine point finite difference scheme 九点有限差分格式niveau line 等位线niveau surface 等位面nodal curve 结点曲线nodal line 交点线nodal point 节点node 节点node locus 结点轨迹node of a curve 曲线的结点noetherian category 诺特范畴noetherian object 诺特对象nomogram 算图nomographic 列线图的nomographic chart 算图nomography 图算法non additivity 非加性non archimedean geometry 非阿基米德几何non archimedean valuation 非阿基米德赋值non countable set 不可数集non critical point 非奇点non denumerable 不可数的non denumerable set 不可数集non developable ruled surface 非可展直纹曲面non enumerable set 不可数集non euclidean geometry 非欧几里得几何学non euclidean motion 非欧几里得运动non euclidean space 非欧几里得空间non euclidean translation 非欧几里得平移non euclidean trigonometry 非欧几里得三角学non homogeneity 非齐non homogeneous chain 非齐次马尔可夫链non homogeneous markov chain 非齐次马尔可夫链non isotropic plane 非迷向平面non linear 非线性的non negative semidefinite matrix 非负半正定阵non oriented graph 无向图non parametric test 无分布检验non pascalian geometry 非拍斯卡几何non ramified extension 非分歧扩张non rational function 无理分数non relativistic approximation 非相对性近似non reversibility 不可逆性non singular 非奇的non stationary random process 不平稳随机过程non steady state 不稳定状态non symmetric 非对称的non symmetry 非对称non zero sum game 非零和对策nonabsolutely convergent series 非绝对收敛级数nonagon 九边形nonassociate 非结合的nonassociative ring 非结合环nonbasic variable 非基本变量noncentral chi squre distribution 非中心分布noncentral f distribution 非中心f分布noncentral t distribution 非中心t分布noncentrality parameter 非中心参数nonclosed group 非闭群noncommutative group 非交换群noncommutative ring 非交换环noncommutative valuation 非交换赋值noncommuting operators 非交换算子noncomparable elements 非可比元素nondegeneracy 非退化nondegenerate collineation 非退化直射变换nondegenerate conic 非退化二次曲线nondegenerate critical point 非退化临界点nondegenerate distribution 非退化分布nondegenerate set 非退化集nondense set 疏集nondenumerability 不可数性nondeterministic automaton 不确定性自动机nondiagonal element 非对角元nondiscrete space 非离散空间nonexistence 不存在性nonfinite set 非有限集nonholonomic constraint 不完全约束nonhomogeneity 非齐性nonhomogeneous 非齐次的nonhomogeneous linear boundary value problem 非齐次线性边值问题nonhomogeneous linear differential equation 非齐次线性微分方程nonhomogeneous linear system of differential equations 非齐次线性微分方程组nonisotropic line 非迷向线nonlimiting ordinal 非极限序数nonlinear equation 非线性方程nonlinear functional analysis 非线性泛函分析nonlinear lattice dynamics 非线性点阵力学nonlinear operator 非线性算子nonlinear optimization 非线性最优化nonlinear oscillations 非线性振动nonlinear problem 非线性问题nonlinear programming 非线性最优化nonlinear restriction 非线性限制nonlinear system 非线性系统nonlinear trend 非线性瞧nonlinear vibration 非线性振动nonlinearity 非线性nonlogical axiom 非逻辑公理nonlogical constant 非逻辑常数nonmeager set 非贫集nonmeasurable set 不可测集nonnegative divisor 非负除数nonnegative number 非负数nonnumeric algorithm 非数值的算法nonorientable contour 不可定向周线nonorientable surface 不可定向的曲面nonorthogonal factor 非正交因子nonparametric confidence region 非参数置信区域nonparametric estimation 非参数估计nonparametric method 非参数法nonparametric test 非参数检定nonperfect set 非完备集nonperiodic 非周期的nonperiodical function 非周期函数nonplanar graph 非平面图形nonprincipal character 非重贞nonrandom sample 非随机样本nonrandomized test 非随机化检验nonrational function 非有理函数nonremovable discontinuity 非可去不连续点nonrepresentative sampling 非代表抽样nonresidue 非剩余nonsense correlation 产生错觉相关nonsingular bilinear form 非奇双线性型nonsingular curve 非奇曲线nonsingular linear transformation 非退化线性变换nonsingular matrix 非退化阵nonspecial group 非特殊群nonstable 不稳定的nonstable homotopy group 非稳定的同伦群nonstandard analysis 非标准分析nonstandard model 非标准模型nonstandard numbers 非标准数nonsymmetric relation 非对称关系nonsymmetry 非对称nontangential 不相切的nontrivial element 非平凡元素nontrivial solution 非平凡解nonuniform convergence 非一致收敛nonvoid proper subset 非空真子集nonvoid set 非空集nonzero vector 非零向量norm 范数norm axioms 范数公理norm form 范形式norm of a matrix 阵的范数norm of vector 向量的模norm preserving mapping 保范映射norm residue 范数剩余norm residue symbol 范数剩余符号norm topology 范拓朴normability 可模性normal 法线normal algorithm 正规算法normal basis theorem 正规基定理normal bundle 法丛normal chain 正规链normal cone 法锥面normal congruence 法汇normal coordinates 正规坐标normal correlation 正态相关normal curvature 法曲率normal curvature vector 法曲率向量normal curve 正规曲线normal density 正规密度normal derivative 法向导数normal dispersion 正常色散normal distribution 正态分布normal distribution function 正态分布函数normal equations 正规方程normal error model 正规误差模型normal extension 正规开拓normal family 正规族normal force 法向力normal form 标准型normal form problem 标准形问题normal form theorem 正规形式定理normal function 正规函数normal homomorphism 正规同态normal integral 正规积分normal linear operator 正规线性算子normal mapping 正规映射normal matrix 正规矩阵normal number 正规数normal operator 正规算子normal order 良序normal plane 法面normal polygon 正规多角形normal polynomial 正规多项式normal population 正态总体normal probability paper 正态概率纸normal process 高斯过程normal sequence 正规序列normal series 正规列normal set 良序集normal simplicial mapping 正规单形映射normal solvable operator 正规可解算子normal space 正规空间normal surface 法曲面normal tensor 正规张量normal to the surface 曲面的法线normal valuation 正规赋值normal variate 正常变量normal variety 正规簇normal vector 法向量normality 正规性normalization 标准化normalization theorem 正规化定理normalize 正规化normalized basis 正规化基normalized function 规范化函数normalized variate 正规化变量normalized vector 正规化向量normalizer 正规化子normalizing factor 正则化因数normed algebra 赋范代数normed linear space 赋范线性空间normed space 赋范线性空间northwest corner rule 北午角规则notation 记法notation free from bracket 无括号记号notation of backus 巴科斯记号notion 概念nought 零nowhere convergent sequence 无处收敛序列nowhere convergent series 无处收敛级数nowhere dense 无处稠密的nowhere dense set 无处稠密点集nowhere dense subset 无处稠密子集nuclear operator 核算子nuclear space 核空间nucleus of an integral equation 积分方程的核null 零null class 零类null divisor 零因子null ellipse 零椭圆null function 零函数null hypothesis 虚假设null line 零线null matrix 零矩阵null method 衡消法null plane 零面null point 零点null ray 零射线null relation 零关系null representation 零表示null sequence 零序列null set 空集null solution 零解null system 零系null transformation 零变换null vector 零向量nullity 退化阶数nullring 零环nullspace 零空间number 数number defined by cut 切断数number defined by the dedekind cut 切断数number field 数域number interval 数区间number line 数值轴number notation 数记法number of partitions 划分数number of repetitions 重复数number of replications 重复数number of sheets 叶数number sequence 数列number set 数集number system 数系number theory 数论number variable 数变量numeration 计算numerator 分子numeric representation of information 信息的数值表示numerical 数值的numerical algorithm 数值算法numerical axis 数值轴numerical calculation 数值计算numerical coding 数值编码numerical coefficient 数字系数numerical computation 数值计算numerical constant 数值常数numerical data 数值数据numerical determinant 数字行列式numerical differentiation 数值微分numerical equality 数值等式numerical equation 数字方程numerical error 数值误差numerical example 数值例numerical function 数值函数numerical inequality 数值不等式numerical integration 数值积分法numerical invariant 不变数numerical mathematics 数值数学numerical method 数值法numerical model 数值模型numerical operator 数字算子numerical quadrature 数值积分法numerical series 数值级数numerical solution 数值解numerical solution of linear equations 线性方程组的数值解法numerical stability 数值稳定性numerical table 数表numerical value 数值numerical value equation 数值方程nutation 章动obelisk 方尖形object 对象object language 对象语言object variable 对象变数objective analysis 客观分析objective function 目标函数oblate ellipsoid 扁椭面oblate spheroid 扁椭面oblique angle 斜角oblique angled 斜角的oblique astroid 斜星形线oblique circular cone 斜圆锥oblique circular cylinder 斜圆柱oblique cone 斜圆锥oblique coordinate system 斜角坐标系oblique coordinates 斜角坐标oblique parallelepiped 斜六面体oblique prism 斜棱柱oblique pyramid 斜棱锥oblique strophoid 斜环诉oblique triangle 斜三角形observable 可观测的observable component 可观测分量observation 观测observation function 观测函数observational error 观测误差observer 观察器观测员obstruction 障碍obstruction cocycle 障碍闭上链obstruction theory 障碍理论obstruction to lifting f 提升的障碍obtuse 钝的obtuse angle 钝角obtuse triangle 钝角三角形octagon 八角形octahedral 八面体octahedral form 八面体形式octahedral group 八面体群octahedron 八面体octal digit 八进制数字octal notation 八进记数法octal system 八进制系octant 卦限octuple 八倍的odd 奇的odd dimensional space 奇维空间odd even check 奇偶校验odd function 奇函数odd number 奇数odd parity 负电阻odd permutation 奇置换oddness 奇数性omega consistent 相容性omega group 群one address 单地址one address instruction 单地址指令one digit 单位的one dimensional 一维的one dimensional boundary value problem 一维边值问题one dimensional differential equation 一维微分方程one dimensional integral 单积分one dimensional space 一维空间one figure 单位的one figure number 单位数one parameter 单参数的one parameter family of curves 曲线的单参数族one place number 单位数one place predicate calculus 一元谓词演算one point compactification 单点紧化one point set 退化集one point union 一点并one sample method 单样本法one sided 单侧的one sided continuity 单侧连续性one sided derivative 单边导数one sided differentiability 单侧可微性one sided limit 单侧极限one sided lower approximate limit 单侧下近似极限one sided surface 单侧曲面one sided test 单侧检验one sided upper approximate limit 单侧偏大近似极限one term 单项的one to many correspondence 一对多对应one to many mapping 一对多映射one to one 一对一的one to one correspondence 一一对应one to one mapping 一一映射one to one relation 一一关系one to one sequence 一一序列one valued 单值的one valued function 单值函数onevaluedness 单值性onto hpmpmprphism 满射同态onto mapping 满射open ball 开球open base 开底open cover 开覆盖open disk 开圆盘open interval 开区间open manifold 开廖open map 开映射open mapping theorem 开映射定理open neighborhood 开邻域open ordered set 开有序集open parallelepiped 开平行六面体open rectangular parallelepiped 开长方体open relation 开关系open segment 开线段open semicircle 开半圆open set 开集open sphere 开球open star 开星形open subprogram 开型子程序open subroutine 开型子程序open surface 开曲面operand 运算对象operating characteristic 运算特征operating system 控制系统operation 运算operation code 操纂operation of symmetric difference 对称差运算operational 运算的operational amplifler 运算放大器operational calculus 算子演算operational code 操纂operational research 运筹学operational unit 运算部件operations research 运筹学operator 算子operator algebra 算子代数operator automorphism 算子同构operator domain 算子域operator equation 算子方程operator function 算子函数operator homomorphism 算子同态operator isomorphism 算子同构operator method 符号法operator norm 算子范数operator of finite rank 有限秩算子operator set 算子域operator valued function 算子函数oppose 反对opposite 逆的opposite angles 对角opposite category 对偶范畴opposite sides 对边opposite sign 导号opposite vector 反向向量opposite vertex 对顶opposition 对立optimal 最佳的optimal control 最优控制optimal disjunctive normal form 最优析取范式optimal normal form 最优标准形optimal policy 最优策略optimal position 最优位置optimal process 最优过程optimal step size 最优步长optimal strategy 最优策略optimal trajectory 最优轨道optimal value function 最优值函数optimality 最优性optimality criterion 最优性判别optimality policy 最优策略optimality principle 最优性原理optimalization problem 最优化问题optimally useful direction 最优可用方向optimization 最优化optimization of scheduling 工序的最优化optimization problem 最优化问题optimum 最佳optimum conditions 最优条件optimum programming 最优规划optimum solution 最优解optimum strategy 最优策略optimum system 最佳系统optimum system control 最佳系统控制optimum value 最优值optional sampling 任意抽样optional selection 任意抽样orbit 轨道orbit curve 轨道曲线orbit determination 轨道计算orbit space 轨道空间orbital stability 轨道稳定性order 次数order bounded set 有序有界集order boundedness 有序有界性order code 指令码order complete set 有序完全集order continuous topology 有序连续的拓扑order convergence 有序收敛order function 序函数order homomorphic group 序同态群order homomorphic image 序同态象order homomorphism 序同态order homomorphism operator 序同态算子order interval 有序区间order isomorphic field 序同构域order isomorphic group 序同构群order of a differential equation 微分方程的阶order of a group 群的阶order of an infinitesimal 无穷小的阶order of approximation 逼近的阶order of branch point 支点的阶数order of contact 接触度order of convergence 收敛的阶order of infinities 无穷大的阶order of infinity 无穷大的阶order of magnitude 绝对值的阶order of polynomial 多项式的阶order of rational integral function 有理整函数的阶order of units 位数order of zero point 零点的阶order preserving correspondence 保序对应order preserving isomorphism 保序同构order register 指令寄存器order relation 序关系order simple group 序单群order statistic 顺序统计量order type 有序型ordered 有序的ordered chain complex 有序链复形ordered factor group 有序商群ordered field 有序域ordered group 有序群ordered linear space 有序线性空间ordered module 有序模ordered pair 序对ordered product 有序积ordered sample 有序样本ordered set 有序集ordered set bounded below 下有界有序集ordered simplex 有序单形ordered singular boundary 有序奇异边界ordered triplet 有序三个一组orderisomorphism 序同构orderpreserving relation 保序关系ordinal 序数ordinal number 序数ordinal number class 序数类ordinal number of the second class 第二类的序数ordinal product 序数积ordinal series 序数列ordinal type 有序型ordinary 导常的ordinary differential equation 常微分方程ordinary differential operator 常微分算子ordinary dirichlet series 狄利克雷级数ordinary integral element 寻常积分元素ordinary linear differential equation 线性常微分方程ordinary multiple point 寻常多重点ordinary point 单点ordinary singularity 寻常奇点ordinate 纵坐标ordinate axis 纵轴orient 定向orientability 可定向性orientable 可定向的orientable surface 可定向曲面orientation 定向orientation class 定向类orientation of surface 曲面的定向orientation of torsion 挠率的定向orientation preserving automorphism 保持定向自同构orientation preserving isomorphism 保持定向同构orientation preserving parameter transformation 保持定向参数变换orientation reversing 反转定向的oriented chain complex 有向链复形oriented circle 有向圆oriented contour 有向围道oriented element 有向元oriented homology group 有向同岛oriented intersection 有向交叉oriented line 有向直线oriented plane 有向平面oriented polygon 有向多角形oriented space 有向空间oriented sphere bundle 有向球丛oriented surface 有向曲面origin 坐标的原点origin of coordinates 坐标的原点original 初始的ortho pinacoid 正交平行双面orthocenter 垂心orthocentric 垂心的orthocentric quadrangle 垂心四边形orthocentric tetrahedron 垂心四面体orthocomplement 正交补orthogonal 直交的orthogonal axonometry 正轴测射影法orthogonal basis 正交基orthogonal circle 正交圆orthogonal complement 正交补orthogonal coordinate system 正交坐标系orthogonal coordinates 正交坐标orthogonal decomposition 正交分解orthogonal expansion 正交函数展开orthogonal functions 正交函数orthogonal groups 正交群orthogonal involution 正交对合orthogonal matrix 正交矩阵orthogonal polynomial expansion 正交多项式展开orthogonal polynomials 正交多项式orthogonal projection 正射影orthogonal projector 正交射影算子orthogonal sequence 正交序列orthogonal series 正交级数orthogonal space 正交空间orthogonal square 正交方格orthogonal stochastic process 正交随机过程orthogonal subspaces 正交子空间orthogonal substitution 正交代换orthogonal sum 正交和orthogonal system 正交系orthogonal tests 独立检验orthogonal trajectory 正交轨线orthogonal transformation 正交变换orthogonal vectors 正交向量orthogonality 正交性orthogonality of columns 列正交性orthogonality of lines 行正交性orthogonality relation 正交关系orthogonality rows 行正交性orthogonalization procedure 正交化过程orthogonalization process 正交化过程orthogonally irreducible representation 正交不可约表示orthography 正投影法orthoheliotropism 直向阳性orthohexagonal 正六方的orthomorphism 正交射orthonormal 规格化正交的orthonormal basis 标准正交基orthonormal sequence 标准正交序列orthonormality 标准正交性orthonormalization 标准正交化orthonormalization process 标准正交化过程orthonormalized basis 标准正交化基orthopole 正交极orthotomy 面正交性oscillate 振动oscillating divergent series 振动发散级数oscillating infinite determinant 振动无穷行列式oscillating series 振荡级数oscillation 振动oscillation equation 振动方程oscillation function 振动函数oscillation of a function 函数的振幅oscillation theorem 振动定理oscillatory 振动的osculating circle 密切圆osculating cone 密切锥面osculating conic 密切二次曲线osculating curve 密切曲线osculating figure 密切图形osculating helix 密切螺旋线osculating parabola 密切抛物线osculating plane 密切平面osculating quadric 密切二次曲面osculating sphere 密切球面osculation 密切osculatory 密切的outdegree 出度outer 外部的outer automorphism 外自同构outer boundary 外边界outer capacity 外容量outer diameter 外径outer direct product 外直积outer lebesgue measure 勒贝格外测度outer measure 外测度outer point 外点outer product 外积outer semidirect product 外半直积output 输出output alphabet 输出字母表output device 输出装置output function 输出函数output quantity 输出量output signal 输出信号output state 输出状态output unit 输出设备outside 外部outward normal 外法线oval 卵形线oval surface 卵形曲面overconvergence 过度收敛overcrossing point 上交叉点overdetermined problem 超定问题overdetermined system 超定组overdetermined system of partial differential equations 偏微分方程的超定组overfield 扩张域overflow 溢出overidentification 过分识别overlap 交叠overlapping domains 交叠域overrelaxation 超松弛p adic algebra p进代数p adic fraction p进分数p adic integer p进整数p adic number p进数p adic representation p进表示p adic system p进法p adic valuation p进赋值pack 束pair 对paired comparison 成对比较法paired samples 成双样本pairing 配对pairwise 两两的pairwise independent events 互相独立事件paleogeometry 古几何学pantograph 比例画器放大器parabola 抛物线parabola of order n n阶抛物线parabolic coordinates 抛物线坐标parabolic curve 抛物曲线parabolic cusp 抛物尖点parabolic cylinder 抛物柱面parabolic cylinder function 抛物柱面函数parabolic differential equation 抛物型微分方程parabolic folium 抛物叶形线parabolic orbit 抛物线轨道parabolic point 抛物点parabolic regression 抛物回归parabolic segment 抛物线段parabolic spiral 抛物螺线parabolic type 抛物型parabolograph 抛物图形paraboloid 抛物面paraboloid of revolution 回转抛物面paraboloidal coordinates 抛物面坐标paracompact space 仿紧空间paradox 悖论paradoxical 荒谬的paradoxical set 不合理集合parallactic displacement 视差位移parallel 平行线parallel algorithm 并联算法parallel angle 平行角parallel axiom 平行公理parallel body 平行体parallel circle 平行圆parallel coordinates 平行坐标parallel curve 平行曲线parallel displacement 平行位移parallel edge 平行棱parallel line 平行线parallel operation 并行运算parallel plane 平面平行的parallel projection 平行射影parallel rule 平行直尺parallel shift 并行进位parallel slit 平行缝隙parallel slit domain 平行裂纹域parallel strip 平行带parallel subspace 平行子空间parallel surface 平行曲面parallel translation 并行进位parallelepiped 平行六面体parallelepipedal neighborhood 平行六面体邻域parallelism 平行parallelizability 可平行性parallelizable 可平行的parallelizable manifold 可平行廖parallelizable variety 可平行廖parallelogram 平行四边形parallelogram axiom 平行四边形公理parallelogram identity 平行四边形恒等式parallelogram law 平行四边形定律parallelogram of forces 力的平行四边形parallelotope 超平行体parallels of latitude 纬度线parameter 参数parameter curve 参数曲线parameter group 参数群parameter integral 参数积分parameter representation 参数表示parameter space 参数空间parameter variety 参数簇parametric curvature 参数曲率parametric curve 参数曲线parametric equation 参数方程parametric estimation 参数估计parametric hypothesis 参数假设parametric optimal solution 参数最优解parametric optimization 参数最优化parametric programming 参数规划parametric representation 参数表示parametric surface 参数曲面parametric test 参数检验parametric variable 参变数parametrics 参数学parametrix 拟基本解parametrization 参数化法parametron 变参数元件parastatistics 仲统计法paraxial 旁轴的paraxial rays 旁轴光线parent population 母体parenthesis 圈括弧parenthesize 引入括弧内parity 奇偶性parity check 奇偶校验parity digit 奇偶校验位parseval equality 帕谢互尔等式parted hyperboloid 双叶双曲面partial 部分的partial carry 部分进位partial confounding 部分混区partial correlation 偏相关partial correlation coefficient 偏相关系数partial cross section 部分截面partial denominator 偏分母partial derivative 偏导数partial difference 偏差partial difference equation 偏差分方程partial difference quotient 偏差商partial differential 偏微分partial differential coefficient 偏导数partial differential equation 偏微分方程partial differential equation of elliptic type 椭圆型偏微分方程partial differential equation of first order 一阶偏微分方程partial differential equation of hyperbolic type 双曲型偏微分方程partial differential equation of mixed type 混合型偏微分方程partial differential equation of parabolic type 抛物型偏微分方程partial differential operator 偏微分算子partial differentiation 偏微分法partial fraction 部分分数partial fraction decomposition 部分分数展开partial fraction expansion 部分分数展开partial function 部分函数partial functor 部分函子partial graph 部分图partial linear differential equation 线性偏微分方程partial mapping 部分映射partial matrix 子阵partial numerator 偏分子partial ordering 偏序partial product 部分积partial rank correlation coefficient 偏等级相关系数partial recursive function 部分递归函数partial recursive scheme 部分递归格式partial regression 偏回归partial subgraph 部分子图partial sum 部分和partially adjoint operator 部分伴随算子partially computable function 部分可计算的函数partially differentiable function 可偏微函数partially isometric operator 部分等距算子partially ordered set 半序集partially ordered space 半序空间particular 特别的particular integral 特别积分particular solution 特解partition 分划partition function 分折函数partition of an integer 整数的分拆partition of unity 单位分解partition problem 划分问题partly well ordered set 半良序集pascal distribution 帕斯卡分布pascal hexagon 帕斯卡六边形pascal line 帕斯卡线pascal triangle 帕斯卡三角形passive 被动的path 道路path component 道路连通区path connected space 道路连通空间path matrix 道路矩阵path of a projectile 弹道path of integration 积分路线path space 道路空间pathological function 病态函数pattern 图形pauli matrices 泡利阵payoff 支付payoff function 支付函数payoff matrix 支付阵peak 峰pearson distribution 皮尔逊分布pedal 垂足线pedal circle 垂足圆pedal curve 垂足线pedal surface 垂足曲面pedal transformation 垂足变换pedal triangle 垂足三角形peirce decomposition 皮尔斯分解penalty function 罚函数penalty method 补偿法pencil 束pencil of circles 圆束pencil of conics 二次曲线束pencil of curves 曲线束pencil of lines 线束pencil of parallel lines 平行线束pencil of planes 面束pencil of spheres 球束pendulum 摆pentad 拼五小组pentadecagon 十五边形pentagon 五角形pentagonal number 五角数pentagonal pyramid 五角锥pentagram 五角星pentahedron 五面体pentaspherical coordinates 五球坐标percent 百分率percent error 百分误差percentage 百分率percentile 百分位数perfect cube 完全立方perfect field 完全域perfect form 完全型perfect group 完全群perfect information 完全信息perfect magic square 完全幻方perfect mapping 完全映射perfect matching 全匹配perfect number 完全数perfect number of the second kind 第二类完全数perfect set 完备集perfect space 完全空间perfect square 完全平方perfectly normal space 完全正规空间perigon 周角perimeter 周围period 周期period matrix 周期矩阵period of a function 函数的周期period of oscillation 振荡的周期period relations 周期关系式period strip 周期带periodic 周期的periodic distribution 周期广义函数periodic element 周期元素periodic error 周期误差periodic function 周期函数periodic group 周期群periodic law 周期律periodic motion 周期运动periodic orbit 周期轨道periodic solution 周期解periodic system 周期系periodical decimal fraction 循环十进小数periodicity 周期性periodicity interval 周期性区间periodicity of function 函数的周期性periodogram 周期图periodogram analysis 周期图分析periodograph 周期图periodparallelogram 周期平行四边形peripheral 周边的peripheral device 外围设备peripheral unit 外围设备periphery 周边permanently convergent series 永久收敛级数permissible error 容许误差permissible function 容许函数permissible value 容许值permutation 置换。
高等数学英语词汇高等数学英语词汇引导语：高等数学指相对于初等数学而言，数学的对象及方法较为繁杂的'一部分。
以下是店铺分享给大家的高等数学英语词汇，欢迎阅读!Aabelian group：阿贝尔群; absolute geometry：绝对几何; absolute value：绝对值; abstract algebra：抽象代数; addition：加法; algebra：代数; algebraicclosure：代数闭包; algebraic geometry：代数几何;algebraic geometry and analytic geometry：代数几何和解析几何; algebraic numbers：代数数; algorithm：算法; almost all：绝大多数; analytic function：解析函数; analytic geometry：解析几何; and：且;angle：角度; anticommutative：反交换律; antisymmetric relation：反对称关系; antisymmetry：反对称性; approximately equal：约等于; Archimedean field：阿基米德域; Archimedean group：阿基米德群; area：面积; arithmetic：算术; associative algebra：结合代数; associativity：结合律; axiom：公理; axiom of constructibility：可构造公理; axiom of empty set：空集公理;axiom of extensionality：外延公理; axiom of foundation：正则公理; axiom of pairing：对集公理; axiom of regularity：正则公理; axiom of replacement：代换公理; axiom of union：并集公理; axiom schema of separation：分离公理; axiom schema of specification：分离公理;axiomatic set theory：公理集合论; axiomatic system：公理系统;BBaire space：贝利空间; basis：基; Bézout's identity：贝祖恒等式; Bernoulli's inequality：伯努利不等式 ; Big O notation：大O符号; bilinear operator：双线性算子; binary operation：二元运算; binary predicate：二元谓词; binary relation：二元关系; Booleanalgebra：布尔代数;Boolean logic：布尔逻辑; Boolean ring：布尔环; boundary：边界; boundary point：边界点;bounded lattice：有界格;Ccalculus：微积分学; Cantor's diagonal argument：康托尔对角线方法; cardinal number：基数;cardinality：势; cardinality of the continuum：连续统的势; Cartesian coordinate system：直角坐标系; Cartesian product：笛卡尔积; category：范畴; Cauchy sequence：柯西序列; Cauchy-Schwarz inequality：柯西不等式; Ceva's Theorem：塞瓦定理; characteristic：特征;characteristic polynomial：特征多项式; circle：圆; class：类; closed：闭集; closure：封闭性或闭包; closure algebra：闭包代数; combinatorial identities：组合恒等式; commutativegroup：交换群; commutative ring：交换环; commutativity:：交换律; compact：紧致的;compact set：紧致集合; compact space：紧致空间; complement：补集或补运算; completelattice：完备格; complete metric space：完备的度量空间; complete space：完备空间; complexmanifold：复流形; complex plane：复平面; congruence：同余; congruent：全等; connectedspace：连通空间; constructible universe：可构造全集; constructions of the real numbers：实数的构造; continued fraction：连分数; continuous：连续; continuum hypothesis：连续统假设;contractible space：可缩空间; convergence space：收敛空间; cosine：余弦; countable：可数;countable set：可数集; cross product：叉积; cycle space：圈空间; cyclic group：循环群;Dde Morgan's laws：德·摩根律; Dedekind completion：戴德金完备性; Dedekind cut：戴德金分割;del：微分算子; dense：稠密; densely ordered：稠密排列; derivative：导数; determinant：行列式; diffeomorphism：可微同构; difference：差; differentiablemanifold：可微流形;differential calculus：微分学; dimension：维数; directed graph：有向图; discrete space：离散空间; discriminant：判别式; distance：距离; distributivity：分配律; dividend：被除数;dividing：除; divisibility：整除; division：除法; divisor：除数; dot product：点积;Eeigenvalue：特征值; eigenvector：特征向量; element：元素; elementary algebra：初等代数;empty function：空函数; empty set：空集; empty product：空积; equal：等于; equality：等式或等于; equation：方程; equivalence relation：等价关系; Euclidean geometry：欧几里德几何;Euclidean metric：欧几里德度量; Euclidean space：欧几里德空间; Euler's identity：欧拉恒等式;even number：偶数; event：事件; existential quantifier：存在量词; exponential function：指数函数; exponential identities：指数恒等式; expression：表达式; extended real number line：扩展的实数轴;Ffalse：假; field：域; finite：有限; finite field：有限域; finite set：有限集合; first-countablespace：第一可数空间; first order logic：一阶逻辑; foundations of mathematics：数学基础;function：函数; functional analysis：泛函分析; functional predicate：函数谓词;fundamental theorem of algebra：代数基本定理; fraction：分数;Ggauge space：规格空间; general linear group：一般线性群; geometry：几何学; gradient：梯度;graph：图; graph of a relation：关系图; graph theory：图论; greatest element：最大元;group：群; group homomorphism：群同态;HHausdorff space：豪斯多夫空间; hereditarily finite set：遗传有限集合; Heron's formula：海伦公式; Hilbert space：希尔伯特空间;Hilbert's axioms：希尔伯特公理系统; Hodge decomposition：霍奇分解; Hodge Laplacian：霍奇拉普拉斯算子; homeomorphism：同胚; horizontal：水平;hyperbolic function identities：双曲线函数恒等式; hypergeometric function identities：超几何函数恒等式; hyperreal number：超实数;Iidentical：同一的; identity：恒等式; identity element：单位元; identity matrix：单位矩阵;idempotent：幂等; if：若; if and only if：当且仅当; iff：当且仅当; imaginary number：虚数;inclusion：包含; index set：索引集合; indiscrete space：非离散空间; inequality：不等式或不等; inequality of arithmetic and geometric means：平均数不等式; infimum：下确界; infiniteseries：无穷级数; infinite：无穷大; infinitesimal：无穷小; infinity：无穷大; initial object：初始对象; inner angle：内角; inner product：内积; inner product space：内积空间; integer：整数; integer sequence：整数列; integral：积分; integral domain：整数环; interior：内部;interior algebra：内部代数; interior point：内点; intersection：交集; inverse element：逆元;invertible matrix：可逆矩阵; interval：区间; involution：回旋; irrational number：无理数;isolated point：孤点; isomorphism：同构;JJacobi identity：雅可比恒等式; join：并运算;K格式： Kuratowski closure axioms：Kuratowski 闭包公理;Lleast element：最小元; Lebesgue measure：勒贝格测度; Leibniz's law：莱布尼茨律; Liealgebra：李代数; Lie group：李群; limit：极限; limit point：极限点; line：线; line segment：线段; linear：线性; linear algebra：线性代数; linear operator：线性算子; linear space：线性空间; linear transformation：线性变换; linearity：线性性; list of inequalities：不等式列表; list oflinear algebra topics：线性代数相关条目; locally compact space：局部紧致空间; logarithmicidentities：对数恒等式; logic：逻辑学; logical positivism：逻辑实证主义; law of cosines：余弦定理; L??wenheim-Skolem theorem：L??wenheim-Skolem 定理; lower limit topology：下限拓扑;Mmagnitude：量; manifold：流形; map：映射; mathematical symbols：数学符号; mathematicalanalysis：数学分析; mathematical proof：数学证明; mathematics：数学; matrix：矩阵;matrix multiplication：矩阵乘法; meaning：语义; measure：测度; meet：交运算; member：元素; metamathematics：元数学; metric：度量; metric space：度量空间; model：模型; modeltheory：模型论; modular arithmetic：模运算; module：模; monotonic function：单调函数;multilinear algebra：多重线性代数; multiplication：乘法; multiset：多样集;Nnaive set theory：朴素集合论; natural logarithm：自然对数; natural number：自然数; naturalscience：自然科学; negative number：负数; neighbourhood：邻域; New Foundations：新基础理论; nine point circle：九点圆; non-Euclidean geometry：非欧几里德几何; nonlinearity：非线性; non-singular matrix：非奇异矩阵; nonstandard model：非标准模型; nonstandardanalysis：非标准分析; norm：范数; normed vector space：赋范向量空间; n-tuple：n 元组或多元组; nullary：空; nullary intersection：空交集; number：数; number line：数轴;Oobject：对象; octonion：八元数; one-to-one correspondence：一一对应; open：开集; openball：开球; operation：运算; operator：算子; or：或; order topology：序拓扑; ordered field：有序域;ordered pair：有序对; ordered set：偏序集; ordinal number：序数; ordinarymathematics：一般数学; origin：原点; orthogonal matrix：正交矩阵;Pp-adic number：p进数; paracompact space：仿紧致空间; parallel postulate：平行公理;parallelepiped：平行六面体; parallelogram：平行四边形; partial order：偏序关系; partition：分割; Peano arithmetic：皮亚诺公理; Pedoe's inequality：佩多不等式; perpendicular：垂直;philosopher：哲学家; philosophy：哲学; philosophy journals：哲学类杂志; plane：平面; pluralquantification：复数量化; point：点; Point-Line-Plane postulate：点线面假设; polarcoordinates：极坐标系; polynomial：多项式; polynomial sequence：多项式列; positive-definitematrix：正定矩阵; positive-semidefinite matrix：半正定矩阵; power set：幂集; predicate：谓词; predicate logic：谓词逻辑; preorder：预序关系; prime number：素数; product：积;proof：证明; proper class：纯类; proper subset：真子集; property：性质; proposition：命题; pseudovector：伪向量; Pythagorean theorem：勾股定理;QQ.E.D.：Q.E.D.; quaternion：四元数; quaternions and spatial rotation：四元数与空间旋转;question：疑问句; quotient field：商域; quotient set：商集;Rradius：半径; ratio：比; rational number：有理数; real analysis：实分析; real closed field：实闭域; real line：实数轴; real number：实数; real number line：实数线; reflexive relation：自反关系; reflexivity：自反性; reification：具体化; relation：关系; relative complement：相对补集;relatively complemented lattice：相对补格; right angle：直角; right-handed rule：右手定则;ring：环;Sscalar：标量; second-countable space：第二可数空间; self-adjoint operator：自伴随算子;sentence：判断; separable space：可分空间; sequence：数列或序列; sequence space：序列空间; series：级数; sesquilinear function：半双线性函数; set：集合; set-theoretic definitionof natural numbers：自然数的集合论定义; set theory：集合论; several complex variables：一些复变量; shape：几何形状; sign function：符号函数; singleton：单元素集合; social science：社会科学; solid geometry：立体几何; space：空间; spherical coordinates：球坐标系; squarematrix：方块矩阵; square root：平方根; strict：严格; structural recursion：结构递归;subset：子集; subsequence：子序列; subspace：子空间; subspace topology：子空间拓扑;subtraction：减法; sum：和; summation：求和; supremum：上确界; surreal number：超实数; symmetric difference：对称差; symmetric relation：对称关系; system of linearequations：线性方程组;Ttensor：张量; terminal object：终结对象; the algebra of sets：集合代数; theorem：定理; topelement：最大元; topological field：拓扑域; topological manifold：拓扑流形; topological space：拓扑空间; topology：拓扑或拓扑学; total order：全序关系; totally disconnected：完全不连贯;totally ordered set：全序集; transcendental number：超越数; transfinite recursion：超限归纳法; transitivity：传递性; transitive relation：传递关系; transpose：转置; triangleinequality：三角不等式; trigonometric identities：三角恒等式; triple product：三重积; trivialtopology：密着拓扑; true：真; truth value：真值;Uunary operation：一元运算; uncountable：不可数; uniform space：一致空间; union：并集;unique：唯一; unit interval：单位区间; unit step function：单位阶跃函数; unit vector：单位向量;universal quantification：全称量词; universal set：全集; upper bound：上界;Vvacuously true：??; Vandermonde's identity：Vandermonde 恒等式; variable：变量;vector：向量; vector calculus：向量分析; vector space：向量空间; Venn diagram：文氏图;volume：体积; von Neumann ordinal：冯·诺伊曼序数; von Neumann universe：冯·诺伊曼全集;vulgar fraction：分数;ZZermelo set theory：策梅罗集合论; Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory：策梅罗-弗兰克尔集合论; ZF settheory：ZF 系统; zero：零; zero object：零对象;下载全文。
横坐标Abscissa 横轴Abscissa axis 绝对值Absolute value Absolutely convergent Absolutely convergent series Acceptance region Acute angle 绝对收敛绝对收敛级数接受区域锐角锐角三角形加法Acute triangle Addition 伴随矩阵代数Adjoint matrix Algebra 角Angle 圆心角Angle at the centre Angle in a circular segment Anti-clockwise Anti-symmetric matrix Arc cosecant 圆周角反时针方向反对称矩阵反余割反余弦Arc cosine 反余切Arc cotangent Areal element Argument 面积元素幅角算术中项结合律Arithmetic mean Associative law Asymptote 渐近线渐近线Asymptotic line Augmented matrix Auxiliary line Average 增广矩阵辅助线平均值轴Axis 横坐标轴纵坐标轴对称轴Axis of abscissas Axis of ordinates Axis of symmetry Basis 基贝叶斯定理伯努利试验二元Bayes’ Theorem Bernouill’s trial Binary 二项分布二项式定理二元正态分布分块对角矩阵旋转体Binomial distribution Binomial Theorem Bivariate normal distribution Block diagonal matrix Body of rotation Bounded 有界的上有界的下有界的有界区域 Bounded above Bounded below Bounded region有界变量无限的Bounded variable Boundless 微积分Calculus 消去律Cancellation law Canonical form Casual 标准型随机的圆心Center of a circle Central limit Theorem Central moment Certain event 中心极限定理中心矩必然事件链式法则基变换Chain rule Change of base Characteristic equation Characteristic root Characteristic value Characteristic vector Chybyshev inequality Chi square distribution Circle 特征方程特征根特征值特征向量切比雪夫不等式2 分布 圆 圆锥 Circular cone圆柱 Circular cylinderCircular ring圆环 圆周 CircumferenceClass interval组距 组限 Class limits组平均 组中值 顺时针的 闭区间 闭集 Class meanClass midpointClockwiseClosed intervalClosed set系数 Coefficient相关系数 余子式 列 Coefficient of correlationCofactorColumn列秩 Column rank列向量 公分母 公差 Column vectorCommon denominatorCommon differenceCommon divisorCommon factorCommon logarithmCommon multipleCommon ratioCommutative lawComplement minor 公约数 公因子 常用对数 公倍数 公比 交换律 余子式补集Complementary set Complex number Composite function Composition 复数复合函数 复合复合事件 复利Compound event Compound interest Concave 凹凸Convex 条件收敛 条件概率条件概率密度 条件概率分布 条件概率函数 置信区间 置信水平 共轭复数 连通域常数Conditional convergence Conditional probability Conditional probability density Conditional probability distribution Conditional probability function Confidence interval Confidence level Conjugate complex number Connect domain Constant 约束条件 连续性左连续右连续连续点连续分布连续随机变量 收敛Constraint condition Continuity Continuity from the left Continuity from the right Continuity point Continuous distribution Continuous random variable Converge 收敛性收敛域依概率收敛 收敛半径 逆命题卷积Convergence Convergence domain Convergence in probability Convergence radius Converse proposition Convolution 坐标Coordinate 坐标轴坐标平面 坐标系坐标变换 共面Coordinate axis Coordinate planes Coordinate system Coordinate transformation Coplane 互素Coprime 推论Corollary 相关系数 余割Correlation coefficient Cosecant 余弦Cosine 余切Cotangent 可列 Countable可列可加性 协方差协方差矩阵 准则Countable additivity Covariance Covariance matrix Criterion 临界值立方体立方根立方Critical value Cube Cube root Cubic 三次插值 立方根三次样条函数 曲线Cubic interpolation Cubic root Cubic splines Curve 曲线Curve line 曲面Curve surface Cusp 尖点曲线的尖点 柱Cusp of a curve Cylinder 柱面Cylindrical surface D’Alembert’s criterion Data procession Decade 达朗贝尔准则 数据处理 十进制推论Deduction 定积分定二次型 定义Definite integral Definite quadratic form Definition 退化双曲线 次数Degenerate hyperbola Degree 置信度多项式的次数 密度函数 分母Degree of confidence Degree of polynomial Density function Denominator Denumerable Derivative 可列的导数左导数右导数行列式偏差Derivative on the left Derivative on the right Determinant Deviation 对角线对角阵矩阵的对角化 直径Diagonal line Diagonal matrix Diagonalization of matrix Diameter 菱形Diamond 差、差分 差分方程 可微的 Difference Difference equation Differentiable微分Differential 微积分Differential and integral calculus Differential coefficient Differential equation Differential equation of first order Differential equation of higher order Differential of area Differential operation Differentials of higher order Differentiate 微商微分方程一阶微分方程 高阶微分方程 面积元素 微分运算 高阶微分 求微分微分积分方程 数值逼近 维Differention integral equation Digital approximation Dimension 有向直线最速下降方向 狄利克雷函数 不连通的 不连续点第一类不连续点 第二类不连续点 离散Directed line Direction of steepest descent Dirichlet’s function Disconnected Discontinuity point Discontinuity point of the first kind Discontinuity point of the second kind Discrete 离散分布离散随机变量 判别式Discrete distribution Discrete random variable Discriminant 不相交事件 相异根Disjiont events Distinct root 分布Distribution 分布函数 分配律Distribution function Distributive law 发散Diverge 发散级数多项式相除法 因子Divergent series Division algorithm for polynomial Divisor 域Domain 收敛域Domain of convergence Domain of definition Domain of integration Dot product 定义域积分区域 内积二重积分 二重极限 双精度Double integral Double limit Double precision 二重根Double root 对偶Dual 对偶律Dualization law 有效估计 Efficiency estimation有效估计量特征多项式特征值Efficiency estimator Eigenpolynomial Eigenvalue特征向量弹性Eigenvector Elasticity元素Element柱的母线面积元素矩阵的元素集合的元素基本事件初等函数初等数学初等变换消元法Element of cylinder Element of area Element of matrix Element of set Elementary event Elementary function Elementary mathematics Elementary transformation Elimination椭圆Ellipse 椭球Ellipsoid椭圆柱面经验方差经验分布函数空集Elliptic cylinderEmpirical variance Empirical distribution function Empty set端点Endpoint 总体Ensemble总体均值可数Ensemble average Enumerable可数无穷等概率Enumerable infinite Equal probability Equal ratio等比等可能事件方程Equally likely event Equationn次方程等腰三角形相似变换等边三角形等价Equation of n-th order Equicrural triangle Equiform transformation Equilateral triangle Equivalence等价变换等价关系误差Equivalence transformation Equivalent relationError误差分析误差检验测量误差估计Error analysisError checkError of measurement Estimate区间估计相关的估计量回归系数估计Estimate by a interval Estimate of correlation Estimate of regression coefficient总体比例估计 总体方差估计 估计量Estimate of population proportion Estimate of population variance Estimator 欧几里德空间 偶数Euclidean space Even 偶函数Even function 偶数Even number 事件Event 小概率事件 幂级数展开 期望Event of small probability Expansion into power-series Expectation 试验Experiment 显函数Explicit function Exponent 指数指数曲线 指数曲线 指数分布 指数函数 开立方Exponent curve Exponential curve Exponential distribution Exponential function Extraction of cubic root Extraction of square root Extremal 开平方极值极值点Extreme point 极值Extreme value 因子Factor 阶乘Factorial 因式分解 曲线族Factoring Family of curve Fiducial interval Fiducial limit 置信区间 置信限定义域Field of definition Field of rational numbers Finite 有理数域 有限的有限区间 有限开区间 一阶矩Finite interval Finite open interval First moment 拟和Fitting 曲线拟和 多项式拟和 直线拟和 浮点运算 焦点Fitting of a curve Fitting of a polynomial Fitting of a straight line Floating point operation Focus 公式Formula 四则运算 分数Four arithmetic operation Fraction 分数线 Fraction stroke相对误差 分数Fractional error Fractional number Frequency 频率边界点Frontier point 满秩Full rank 函数Function 一元函数 一次函数 多元函数 n 元函数 基本函数 基本解Function of a single variable Function of first degree Function of many variables Function of n-variables Fundamental function Fundamental solution Fundamental system of solutions Fundamental theorem Gamma distribution Gamma function 基础解系 基本定理 分布函数高斯分布 母线Gaussian distribution Generator 几何平均 几何分布 几何平均 几何级数 几何级数 几何Geometric average Geometric distribution Geometric mean Geometric series Geometrical series Geometry 空间几何 黄金分割 拟和优度拟和优度检验 斜率Geometry of space Golden cut Goodness of fit Goodness of fit test Gradient 图示法Graphical method Great circle of a sphere Greatest common factor Greatest lower bound Greatest value 球的大圆 最大公因子 下确界最大值分组误差区间分半搜索 调和级数 高阶导数 高阶差分高阶微分方程 高阶微分 高阶Grouping error Half interval search Harmonic series Higher derivative Higher difference Higher differential equation Higher differentiation Higher order 高次项Higher term 高阶导数高阶常微分方程 Higher-order derivative Higher-order ordinary differential equation高阶偏微分方程高阶偏导数直方图Higher-order partial differential equation Higher-order partial derivative Histogram齐次Homogeneous齐次微分方程齐次方程齐次函数齐次线性微分方程齐次线性方程齐次多项式n次齐次多项式水平渐近线水平线Homogeneous differential equation Homogeneous equation Homogeneous function Homogeneous linear differential equation Homogeneous linear equation Homogeneous polynomial Homogeneous polynomial of degree n Horizontal asymptoteHorizontal line水平面Horizontal plane 双曲线Hyperbola双曲面Hyperboloid单叶双曲面双叶双曲面超几何分布假设Hyperboloid of one sheet Hyperboloid of two sheets Hypergeometric distribution Hypothesis假设检验幂等矩阵单位元素单位矩阵病态Hypothesis testing Idempotent matrix Identical element Identity matrixIll-condition病态方程病态矩阵虚轴Ill-conditioned equation Ill-conditioned matrix Imaginary axis虚数Imaginary number 虚根Imaginary root虚数单位隐式Imaginary unit Implicit隐函数Implicit function不可能事件广义积分广义二重积分倾角Impossible event Improper integral Improper double integral Inclination angle夹角Included angle集合的包含不相容Inclusion of sets Incompatible不相容事件不定积分不定二次型独立Incompatible event Indefinite integral Indefinite quadratic form Independence随机变量独立性Independence of random variable独立事件独立随机事件 独立随机变量 自变量 Independent event Independent random event Independent random variable Independent variable Indeterminate form Index of a quadratic form Index of inertia 未定式二次型的指数 惯性指数 不等式Inequality 无限自由度 无穷间断点 无穷区间 无穷极限 无穷级数 无穷集 Infinite degree of freedom Infinite discontinuity Infinite interval Infinite limit Infinite series Infinite set 无穷大量 无穷小量 拐点Infinitely large quantity Infinitely small quantity Inflection point 固有误差 非齐次 Inherent error Inhomogeneous Initial condition Initial value 初始条件 初值内点Inner point 内积Inner product 向量内积 内径Inner product of vector Inradius 内切圆 Inscribed circle 瞬时Instantaneous 整数Integer 可积的 Integrable 积分Integral 整式Integral expression Integral mean value Integration 积分中值 积分法部分分式积分法 分部积分法 换元积分法 截距Integration by partial fraction Integration by parts Integration by substitution Intercept 内点Interior point 内积Interior product Intermediate value theorem Interpolation 介值定理 插值插值多项式 交Interpolation polynomial Intersection 集合的交 交点 Intersection of sets Intersection point区间Interval 区间估计收敛区间反三角函数 反函数Interval estimation Interval of convergence Inverse circular function Inverse function Inverse interpolation Inverse logarithm Inverse mapping Inverse matrix 逆插值反对数逆映射逆矩阵倒数Inverse of a number Inverse operation Inverse proposition Inverse sine 逆运算逆命题反正弦反对称Inverse symmetric Inverse theorem Inverse transformation Invertible 逆定理逆变换可逆可逆矩阵无理数Invertible matrix Irrational 无理数Irrational number Irrelevance 不相关不可逆Irreversible 等腰直角三角形 等腰梯形等腰三角形 累次积分迭代Isosceles right triangle Isosceles trapezoid Isosceles triangle Iterated integral Iteration 雅可比行列式 联合密度联合分布联合分布函数 联合概率密度 联合概率分布 约当标准型 约当矩阵跳跃间断点 拐点Jacobian Joint density Joint distribution Joint distribution function Joint probability density Joint probability distribution Jordan canonical form Jordan matrix Jump discontinuity Knee 已知Known 拉格朗日方程 拉格朗日乘数 拉格朗日插值 结合律Lagrange equation Lagrange multiplier Lagrange interpolation Law of association Law of commutation Law of distribution Law of large number交换律分配律大数定律主对角线首项元素最小公倍数 最小二乘法 左连续Leading diagonal Leading element Least common multiple Least square method Left continuous Left derivative 左导数左极限Left limit 左乘法Left multiplication Leibniz’s formula Lemma 莱布尼兹公式 引理弧长Length of arc 线段长度峰度Length of segment Leptokurtosis 显著水平似然方程似然函数极限Level of significance Likelihood equation Likelihood function Limit 极限分布线段Limiting distribution Line segment 线性代数线性相关线性相关线性微分方程 线性方程线性表示线性函数线性无关线性回归线性表示线性空间线性变换线性相关线性无关局部极大值 局部极小值 对数Linear algebras Linear correlation Linear dependence Linear differential equation Linear equation Linear expression Linear function Linear independence Linear regression Linear representation Linear space Linear transformation Linearly dependent Linearly independent Local maximum Local minimum Logarithm 对数函数对数的底纵轴Logarithm function Logarithmic base Longitudinal axis Lower bound 下界下三角矩阵 最小公倍数 菱形Lower triangular matrix Lowest common multiple Lozenge 马克劳林级数 长轴 Maclaurin series Major axis优化Majorization 尾数Mantissa 多值函数映射Many-value function Map 边缘密度边缘分布临界值Marginal density Marginal distribution Marginal value 数学期望数学归纳法 乘方Mathematical expectation Mathematical induction Mathematical power Mathematical statistics Matrix 数理统计矩阵二次型的矩阵 系数矩阵矩阵的迹最大的Matrix of a quadratic form Matrix of coefficients Matrix trace Maximal 最大值Maximal value 最大Maximum 最大似然最大似然估计 最大点Maximum likelihood Maximum likelihood estimate Maximum point 平均值Mean 平均数Mean number 均方差Mean square deviation Mean square error Mean value 均方误差平均值均值向量平均速度精确度Mean vector Mean velocity Measure of precision Median point 中点、重心 配方法Method of completing the square Method of geometry Method of iteration Method of least squares Method of maximum likelihood Method of minimum squares Method of moment Method of optimization Method of parabolas Method of random sampling Method of steepest descent Method of substitution Method of variation of constants Method of weighted mean Metric space几何方法迭代法最小二乘法 最大似然法 最小二乘法 矩法最优化方法 抛物线法随机抽样法 最速下降法 置换法常数变异法 加权平均法 度量空间中点Middle point 中点Mid-point 中值Mid-value 最小的Minimal 最小点Minimal point 最小值Minimal value 最小值Minimum 最小方差估计 子式Minimum variance estimation Minor 子行列式次对角线减、负Minor determinant Minor diagonal Minus 负无穷大带分数Minus infinity Mixed fraction 混合偏导数 众数Mixed partial derivative Mode 模Moduli 模Modulo 模Modulus 复数的模矩Modulus of complex number Moment 矩函数Moment function Moment generating function Moment method of estimation Monodrome function Monogamy 矩母函数矩估计法单值函数一一对应单项式Monomial expression Monotone 单调单调收敛定理 单调递减单调递增单调序列单调数列单调减少单调函数单调增加单调减少函数 单调增加函数 单调性Monotone convergence theorem Monotone decreasing Monotone increasing Monotone sequence Monotone sequence of numbers Monotonic decreasing quantity Monotonic function Monotonic increasing quantity Monotonically decreasing function Monotonically increasing function Monotonicity 单值函数可去奇点可去奇点m 次样条函数 多维的Monotropic function Movable singular point Moving singularity m-splines Multidimensional Multidimensional normal distribution多维正态分布多值函数多项式Multiform function Multinomial 复合Multiple 多重特征值 多重积分多重极限重数Multiple eigenvalues Multiple integral Multiple limits Multiple numbers 重根Multiple root 多值函数矩阵乘法乘法定理特征值的重数 根的重数多值函数多元正态分布 多元样条函数 互不相容互逆的Multiple valued function Multiplication of matrices Multiplication theorem Multiplicity of eigenvalue Multiplicity of root Multivalued function Multivariate normal distribution Multivariate splines Mutually exclusive Mutually inverse 自然对数自然对数n 维正态分布 n 维概率分布 n 维空间Napierian logarithms Natural logarithm n-dimensional normal distribution n-dimensional probability distribution n-dimensional space Necessary and sufficient condition Necessary condition 充分必要条件 必要条件负的Negative 负相关Negative correlation Negative definite matrix Negative definite quadratic form Negative number 负定矩阵负定二次型 负数半负定二次型 负号Negative semidefinite quadratic form Negative sign 邻域Neighborhood 牛顿插值公式 n 重极限Newton’s interpolatio n formula n-fold limit 幂零矩阵不可数集不可微函数 不可数集非齐次的非齐次微分方程非齐次线性微分方程 非齐次线性方程 非线性的非线性方程 Nilpotent matrix Non-denumerable set Non-differentiable function Non-enumerable set Non-homogeneous Non-homogeneous differential equation Non-homogeneous linear differential equation Non-homogeneous linear equation Nonlinear Nonlinear equation非线性回归非线性回归分析非负定矩阵非奇异的非奇异线性变换非奇异矩阵非零向量正态分布法线Nonlinear regression Nonlinear regression analysis Nonnegative definite matrix NonsingularNonsingular linear transformation Nonsingular matrixNon-vanishing vectorNormal distributionNormal line标准正交基正态总体零因子Normal orthogonal basis Normal populationNull divisor零矩阵Null matrix零点Null point零解Null solution零向量Null vector排列数Number of permutationsNumerable可数的分子Numerator数值分析数值计算数值计算数值计算数值积分组合Numerical analysis Numerical calculation Numerical computation Numerical evaluation Numerical integration Combination观测值Observed value 钝角Obtuse angle钝角三角形事件的出现奇函数Obtuse triangle Occurrence of event Odd function奇数Odd number奇排列Odd permutationOdd-even奇偶奇偶性Odevity一维概率分布一一映射单侧One-dimensional probability distribution One-one mappingOne-sided单侧导数单侧极限一一对应一一映射单值函数开区间One-sided derivativeOne-sided limitOne-to-one correspondence One-to-one mappingOne-valued function Open interval开邻域Open neighborhoodOpen region开区域开集Open set 运算法则 最优解 Operational rule Optimal solution Optimize 最优化 最优解 Optimum solution Optimum value Order of a differential equation Order of a matrix Order of infinitesimal Order of infinity Ordinary differential Ordinary differential equation Origin 最优值微分方程的阶 矩阵的阶 无穷小的阶 无穷大的阶 常微分常微分方程 原点初始值 Original value 垂心Orthocenter 正交的 Orthogonal 正交基 Orthogonal basis Orthogonal transformation Orthogonal vectors Orthogonalization Orthonormal basis Oscillatory series Outer diameter 正交变换 正交向量 正交化标准正交基 振荡级数 外径外点Outer point 无顺序 Out-of-order 外径Outside diameter Pairwise independence Pairwise independence events Pairwise orthogonal Parabola 两两独立两两独立事件 两两正交 抛物线 抛物柱面 悖论Parabolic cylinder Paradox 平行Parallel 平行直线 平行四边形 参数Parallel straight lines Parallelogram Parameter 参数估计 总体参数 参数方程 参变量 Parameter estimation Parameter of population Parameter equation Parametric variable Parenthesis 圆括号 奇偶性 Parity 奇偶数字 部分相关 偏导数 Parity digit Part correlation Partial derivative偏微分Partial differential Partial differential equation Partial fraction expansion Partial sum 偏微分方程 部分分式展开 部分和 特解Particular solution Partitioned matrix Peak 分块矩阵 峰值百分数 Percentage 周长Perimeter 周期Period 循环小数 容许误差 排列Periodic decimal Permissible error Permutation 垂线Perpendicular 垂直Perpendicularity Piecewise 分段分段函数分段线性插值 分段多项式插值 枢轴元素 旋转Piecewise function Piecewise linear interpolation Piecewise polynomial interpolation Pivotal Pivoting 平面图形 平面Planar graph Plane 平面几何 极坐标 Plane geometry Plane polar coordinates Plumb-line 铅垂线 正无穷大 点估计 Plus infinity Point estimation Point of discontinuity Point of inflection Point of intersection Point of tangency Point slope form Poisson distribution Polar axis 间断点 拐点交点切点点斜式 泊松分布 极轴极坐标 Polar coordinates Polar radius 极半径 极点Pole 极坐标的极点 多边形 Pole of polar coordinates Polygon 多项式Polynomial 多项式插值函数 n 次多项式 总体Polynomial interpolating function Polynomial of degree n Population 总体中心矩 Population central moment总体分布总体均值总体矩Population distribution Population mean Population moment Population parameter Population variance Positive总体参数总体方差正的正定的Positive definite正定矩阵正定二次型正定对称矩阵正整数Positive definite matrixPositive definite quadratic form Positive definite symmetric matrix Positive integer正数Positive number半正定的半正定矩阵半正定二次型正平方根正项级数正定矩阵可能性Positive semi-definitePositive semi-definite matrix Positive semi-definite quadratic form Positive square rootPositive term seriesPositively definite matrix Possibility后验概率右乘Posterior probability Postmultiplication Postulate公设幂Power幂函数Power function幂数Power of a numberPower series幂级数幂级数展开原函数Power series expansion Primary function素数Prime number主对角线主子式Principal diagonal Principal minor微分算子的主部主值Principal part of a differential operator Principal value先验概率概率模型概率Prior probability Probabilistic model Probability依概率收敛概率分布概率论Probability convergence Probability distribution Probability theory Process of iteration Product event迭代法积事件乘积公式集的交Product formula Product of sets右导数Progressive derivativeProlate axis长轴反证法 归纳证明 真分数 真子集 真包含 连续性 命题Proof of contradiction Proof of induction Proper fraction Proper subset Proper include Property of continuity Proposition 伪码Pseudo code 纯虚数 二次的 二次曲线 二次型 二次函数二次齐次多项式 平方根 平方和 二次曲面 二次项 求积分 二次曲线 二次柱面 二次型 二次曲面 分位数 拟牛顿法 商Purely imaginary number Quadratic Quadratic curve Quadratic form Quadratic function Quadratic homogeneous polynomial Quadratic root Quadratic sum Quadratic surface Quadratic term Quadrature Quadric curve Quadric cylinder Quadric form Quadric surface Quantile Quasi-Newton method Quatient 弧度Radian 根号Radical 被开方数 开方Radicand Radication 半径Radius 小数点 随机的 随机事件 随机试验 随机变量 随机向量 随机性函数的值域 秩Radix point Random Random event Random experiment Random variable Random vector Randomness Range of function Rank 稀疏Rarefaction 比率Ratio 等比Ratio of equality Rational fraction Rational number 有理分式 有理数射线Ray瑞利分布实的Rayleigh distribution Real实轴Real axis实数Real number实二次型倒数Real quadratic form Reciprocal互逆矩阵矩形Reciprocal matrix Rectangle直角坐标直角坐标系递推公式接受域收敛区域拒绝域回归Rectangular coordinates Rectangular coordinate system Recurrence equationRegion of acceptance Region of convergence Region of rejection Regression回归分析回归方程相关系数等价关系相对导数相对误差剩余Regression analysis Regression equation Related coefficient Relation of equivalence Relative derivative Relative error Remainder可去间断点累次积分累次极限重根Removable discontinuity Repeated integral Repeated limits Repeated root Residual残差残差平方和弹性Residual sum of squares Resilience可逆的菱形Reversible Rhomb直角Right angle右连续性右导数直角三角形罗尔定理根Right continuous Right derivative Right triangle Rolle’s theouem Root开平方根均方根舍入误差行RootingRoot-mean-square Round off error Row行秩Row rank行向量鞍点Row vector Saddle样本Sample样本均值样本相关系数样本均值样本矩Sample averageSample correlation coefficient Sample meanSample momentSample point样本点样本容量样本空间样本标准差样本方差抽样Sample sizeSample spaceSample standard deviation Sample variance Sampling抽样检验斯密特正交化法正割Sampling inspection Schmidt’s orthogonalization Secant次对角线分段连续扇形Secondary diagonal Sectionally continuous Sector半轴Semi-axis 半圆Semi-circle半定二次型半正定型序列Semi-definite quadratic form Semi-positive definite form Sequence事件序列数列Sequence of events Sequence of numbers Series级数级数展开函数级数集合Series expansion Series of functions Set方程组Set of equationsSet union集的并符号差Signature显著水平有效数字相似矩阵相似三角形相似性Significance level Significant figure Similar matrices Similar triangles Similarity相似变换简单平均简分数Similarity transformation Simple averageSimple fractionSimple root单根联立方程正弦Simultaneous equations Sine奇异的Singular奇异矩阵正弦曲线Singular matrix Sinusoidal curve斜率Slope解向量空间Solution vector Space稀疏矩阵球形Sparse matrix Sphere球冠Spherical cap 球冠Spherical crownSpline样条样条函数迹Spline function Spur矩阵的迹平方Spur of matrix Square方阵Square matrixSquare root 平方根残差平方和标准差标准正态分布标准化随机变量初始值统计Square sum of residues Standard deviation Standard normal distribution Standardized random variable Starting valueStatistic统计假设最速下降算法步长Statistical hypothesis Steepest descent algorithm Step length随机的直线Stochastic Straight line严格单调严格单调递减严格单调递增子集Strictly monotoneStrictly monotone decreasing Strictly monotone increasing Subaggregate子块Subblock子行列式子矩阵子集Subdeterminant Submatrix Subset代换Substitution充分条件充分估计量充分统计量并集Sufficient condition Sufficient estimates Sufficient statisticsSum aggregateSum of squares of deviations Supremum离差平方和上确界补集SupplementarySymmetric对称对称矩阵系统误差坐标系Symmetric matrix System error System of coordinates方程组System of equations System of fundamental solutions System of linear equations System of nonlinear equations Tangent 基础解系线性方程组非线性方程组 正切切线Tangent line 曲线的切线方程 切线Tangential equation of a curve Tangential line 泰勒级数泰勒公式t 分布Taylor series Taylor’s formula t-distribution 逐项微分多项式的项级数的项假设检验检验统计量假设检验立方Term by term differentiation Term of a polynomial Term of a series Test of hypothesis Test statistics Testing of hypothesis Third power 三维空间全微分Third-dimensional space Total differential Total differentiation Total probability Totality 全微分全概率总体迹Trace 矩阵的迹变换Trace of a matrix Transform 变换Transformation 变换矩阵坐标变换转置Transformation matrix Transformation of coordinates Transpose 矩阵的转置转置矩阵横截面Transpose of a matrix Transposed matrix Transversal surface Triangle 三角形三角函数三角行列式三角矩阵截短误差二维空间二重极限两点分布双侧检验无偏的Triangle function Triangular determinant Triangular matrix Truncation error Two-dimensional space Two-limit Two-point distribution Two-sides test Unbiased 无偏估计无偏估计 Unbiased estimate Unbiased estimation无偏性Unbiasedness Underdeterminant Uniform distribution Uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimation Unilateral limit Union 子行列式均匀分布一致最小方差无偏估计 单侧极限并集合的并唯一解Union of sets Unique solution Unit circle 单位圆单位长度单位向量未知数Unit length Unit vector Unknown number Unsymmetrical Untrivial solution Upper bound 不对称的非零解上界上三角矩阵有效性Upper triangular matrix Validity 趋于零Vanishingly 变量Variable 方差Variance 方差分析变量Variance analysis Variant 簇Variety 向量Vector 向量范数向量积Vector norm Vector product Vector space 向量空间铅垂渐近线竖轴Vertical asymptote Vertical axis 弱收敛Weak convergence Weak law of large numbers Weight 弱大数定律权加权平均值加权平均值无偏性Weighted average Weighted mean Without bias 零一分布 Zero-one distribution。
摘要：第一段：写论文解决什么问题1．问题的重述a. 介绍重点词开头：例1：“Hand move” irrigation, a cheap but labor-intensive system used on small farms, consists of a movable pipe with sprinkler on top that can be attached to a stationary main.例2:……is a real-life common phenomenon with many complexities.例3：An (effective plan) is crucial to………b. 直接指出问题：例 1：We find the optimal number of tollbooths in a highway toll-plaza for a given number of highway lanes: the number of tollbooths that minimizes average delay experienced by cars.例2：A brand-new university needs to balance the cost of information technology security measures with the potential cost of attacks on its systems.例3：We determine the number of sprinklers to use by analyzing the energy and motion of water in the pipe and examining the engineering parameters of sprinklers available in the market.例4: After mathematically analyzing the …… problem, our modeling group would like to present our conclusions, strategies, (and recommendations )to the …….例5：Our goa l is... that (minimizes the time )……….2．解决这个问题的伟大意义反面说明。
数学专业英语词汇(S)s admissible s容许的s matrix s矩阵saddle point 鞍点saddle point method 鞍点法 salient angle 凸角salient point 折点saltusfunction 跳跃函数 sample 样本sample correlation coefficient 样本相关系数sample correlation matrix 样本相关阵sample covariance 样本协方差 sample covariance matrix 样本协方差阵sample dispersion 样本方差 sample function 样本函数 sample mean 样本均值sample median 样本中位数 sample moment 样本矩sample point 样本点sample quartile 样本四分位数 sample size 样本的大小 sample space 样本空间sample survey 样本甸sample unit 抽样单位sample variable 样本变量 sample variance 样本方差 sampling 抽样sampling distribution 样本分布 sampling error 抽样误差 sampling fraction 抽样比 sampling inspection 抽样检查 sampling method 抽样法sampling moment 样本矩 sampling ratio 抽样比sampling survey 样本甸 sampling unit 抽样单位 sarrus rule 萨律法satisfiable 可满足的satisfy 满足saturated set 浸润集saturated subset 浸润子集saturated vertex 饱和顶点 saturation curve 饱和曲线 scalar 纯量scalar curvature 纯量曲率 scalar density 纯量密度scalar field 纯量场scalar flow of vector field 向量场的纯量流scalar matrix 纯量阵scalar multiplication 纯量乘法 scalar product 纯量积scalar quantity 纯量scalar triple product 纯量三重积 scalar valued function 纯量值函数scalar valued map 纯量值映射 scale 图度scale factor 标度因子scale mark 分核度scale parameter 尺度参数scale transformation 标度变换法 scalene triangle 不规则三角形scalenohedron 偏三角面体scalenous triangle 不规则三角形 scatter 散布scatter diagram 散布图scattered set 无核集scattergram 点状图scattering theory 散射理论 schauder theorem 肖德不动点定理scheduling and production planning 生产计划理论scheduling problem 日程计划问题 schematic diagram 简图scheme 模式schlicht 单叶的schlicht domain 单叶域schlicht function 单叶函数 schlicht mapping 单叶映射 schlicht surface 单叶曲面 schmidt orthogonalization 施密特正交化法schwartz space 施瓦尔兹空间 schwarz formula 施瓦尔兹公式 schwarz inequality 施瓦尔兹不等式 scope 辖域screw 螺旋体search process 搜她程secant 正割secant curve 正割曲线second axiom of countability 第二可数公理 second boundary condition 诺伊曼边界条件 second boundary value problem 诺伊曼问题 second comparison test 第二比较检验 second component 第二分量second countability axiom 第二可数公理 second derivative 二次导数second factor 第二因子second fundamental form 第二基本形式 second limit theorem 第二极限定理 second variation 第二变分secondary diagonal 次对角线secondary extremal 配连极值secondary obstruction 第二障碍section 截口section functor 截面函子section graph 部分等距算子sectional area 截面积sectional curvature 截面曲率sector 扇形sectorial harmonic 扇低函数secular equation 长期方程sedenion 十六元数segment 线段segment of a circle 弓形segment of a curve 弧段segmentation 分割selection 选择self adjoint boundary value problem 自伴边值问题self adjoint differential equation 自伴微分方程self adjoint eigenvalue problem 自伴特盏问题 self adjoint element 自伴元self adjoint linear mapping 自伴线性映射 self adjointness 自伴性self checking code 自校验代吗self complementary graph 自补图 self conjugate 自共轭的self conjugate partition 自共轭分拆 self dual 自对偶的self dual category 自对偶范畴self dual group 自对偶群self intersection number 自交数self loop 自身环self orthogonal submodule 自成正交子模 self polar curve 自配极曲线self polar tetrahedron 自配极四面形 self polar triangle 自配极三角形self tangency 自切self weighting sample 自加权样本 selfadjoint linear subspace 自伴线性子空间 selfadjoint operator 自伴算子selfconjugate latin square 自共轭拉丁方 selfosculating point of curve 曲线的自密切点 semantic equivalence 语义等价semantical decision problem 语义判定问题 semantical paradox 语义悖论semantics 语义学semi exact 半正合的semi interquartile 半内四分位数间距 semi invariant 半不变式semi invariant exterior derivative 半不变外微分 semi logarithmic representation 半对数表示 semiadditive category 半加性范畴 semianalytic set 半解析集合semiangle 半角semiaxis 半轴semibounded 半有界的semibounded operator 半有界算子semicircle 半圆semicircular 半圆的semicircular domain 半圆域semicircular protractor 量角器分度规 semicontinuity 半连续性semicontinuous 半连续的semicontinuous function 半连续函数 semicontinuum 半连续统semiconvergent series 半收敛级数 semicubical parabola 半三次抛物线semidefinite eigenvalue problem 半定特盏问题 semidefinite kernel 半定核semidefinite operator 半定算子semidefinite quadratic form 半定二次形式 semidefinite variational problem 半定变分问题 semidiameter 半径semidirect product 半直积semidiscretization 半离散化semifinite 半有限的semifinite trace 半有限迹 semigroup 半群semigroup algebra 半群代数 semigroup of operators 算子半群semihereditary ring 半遗传环 semilinear 半线性的semilinear mapping 半线性映射 semilinear substitution 半线性代换semilinear transformation 半线性变换 semilocal ring 半局部环semilogarithmic diagram 半对数图 semilogarithmic paper 半对数坐标纸semimagic square 半幻方semimajor axis 半长轴semimajorant 半强函数semimartingale 半semimean axis 半中轴semimetric 半度量semiminor axis 半短轴semiminorant 半弱函数semimodular lattice 半模格 semimodularity 半模性seminorm 半范数semiorder 半有序semiordered banach space 半有序巴拿赫空间semiordered set 半有序集 semipath 半通路semiperiod 半周期semipolar set 半极集semiprimary ring 半准素环 semiprime ideal 半素理想 semiprimitive ring 半本原环 semiquaternion 半四元数semireductive 半可简约的 semireflexive 半自反的semireflexive space 半自反空间 semireflexivity 半自反性 semiregular point 半正则点 semiregular space 半正则空间 semiregular topology 半正则拓扑 semiscalar product 半纯量积 semisimple algebra 半单代数 semisimple group 半单群semisimple module 半单模semisimple representation 半单表示 semisimple ring 半单环semisimplicial complex 半单纯复形 semisimplicial map 半单纯映射semisphere 半球semispherical 半球的semitangent 半切线semitransverse axis 半贯轴 semiuniform space 半一致空间 sense of rotation 旋转指向 senseclass 指向类sensepreserving mapping 保向映射 sensitivity analysis 灵敏度分析sentence 命题sentential calculus 命题演算 sentential connective 命题联结词sentential function 谓词separability 可分离性separable closure 可分闭包 separable degree 分离度separable element 可分元separable extension 可分扩张 separable field 可分域separable game 可分对策separable graph 可分图separable polynomial 可分多项式 separable sets 可分集separable space 可分空间separable stochastic process 可分随机过程separable topological space 可分拓扑空间separable transcendental extension 可分超越扩张separate 分离separated equation 分离变数方程 separated sets 隔离集separated space 分离空间separating edge 分离棱separating plane 分离平面separating transcendence basis 可分超越基separation 分离separation axiom 分离公理separation of the zeros 零点分离 separation of variables 分离变量separation principle 分离原理separation relation 分离关系 separation theorem 分离定理separator 分隔符sequence 序列sequence convergent almost everywhere 几乎处处收敛列sequence of arcs 弧序列sequence of complex numbers 复数序列 sequence of differences 差分序列 sequence of distinct points 一一序列 sequence of functions 函数序列sequence of iterations 迭代序列 sequence of numbers 数列sequence of partial sums 部分和列 sequence of points 点序列sequence of sets 集序列sequence of signs 符号序列sequence space 序列空间sequencing 排序sequencing problem 日程计划问题 sequent 串联的sequential analysis 序贯分析 sequential compactness 列紧性sequential control 顺序控制sequential estimation 序列估计 sequential likelihood ratio test 序贯似然比值检验sequential programming 顺序规划 sequential sampling 序贯抽样sequential sampling plan 序列抽样法 sequential switching circuit 依次转接电路 sequential test 序贯检定sequential word function 序贯字函数 sequentially compact set 列紧集sequentially complete space 序列完备空间 serial correlation 自相关serial correlation coefficient 序列相关系数series 级数series development 级数展开series expansion 级数展开series of functions 函数级数 series solution 级数解serpentine 蛇形线service model 服务模型sesquilinear form 半双线性形式 set 集set algebra 集代数set function 集函数set of condensation points 凝聚点集 set of continuum power 连续统势的集 set of limit 极限集合set of lower bounds 下界集 set of measure zero 零测度集 set of numbers 数集set of points 点集set of sets 集的集set of strategies 策略集set of ternary numbers 三进制数集 set of upper bounds 上界集 set theoretic addition 集论的加法 set theoretic image 集合论的象 set theoretic intersection 集论的交 set theoretic operation 集论的运算 set theoretic proof 集论的证 set theoretic union 集论的并集 set theoretical 集论的set theory 集论set topology 集论拓扑set valued functor 集值函子 set valued mapping 集值映射 sexadecimal digit 十六进制数字 sexadecimal notation 十六进记法 sexadecimal number system 十六进制数系 sexagesimal arithmetic 六十进算术 sexagesimal system 六十进制 sextant 六分仪sextic 六次曲线sextic equation 六次方程shadow 影shadow price 影子价格shape 形状shape theory 形状理论sheaf 层sheaf homomorphism 层同态sheaf of germs of continuous functions 连续函数的芽层sheaf of planes 平面束sheaf theoretic 层理论的shear 剪切shearing modulus 刚性模量shearing strain 切应变shearing stress 切应力sheet 叶sheets of rieman surface 黎曼曲面的叶 shell 壳层shift 移动shift operator 位移算子shift register 移位寄存器shilov boundary 希洛夫边界short division 短除法shorten 缩短shortening 缩短shortest 最短线shortest confidence interval 最短置信区间 shortest distance 最短距离shortest path 最短道路shortest path problem 最短道路问题 shortest route 最短道路shortest route problem 最短道路问题 side 边side condition 边条件side elevation 侧视图sieve 筛sieve method 筛法sieve of eratosthenes 厄拉多塞筛 sigma additivity 可列可加性 sigma algebra 代数sigma compact space 紧空间sigma compactness 紧性sigma complete filter 完备滤子 sigma complete lattice 完全铬 sigma complete lower semilattice 完备下半格sigma complete semilattice 完备半格 sigma discrete family of subsets 子集的离散族sigma finite measure 有限测度 sigma function 函数sigma locally finite family of subsets 子集的局部有限族sigma monogenic function 单演函数 sigma space 空间sigmacompleteness 完备性sigmafield of sets 集的域sigmalattice 格sigmoid s形曲线sign 符号sign digit 符号数字sign of equality 等号sign of inclusion 包含记号 sign of inequality 不等号 sign of intersection 相交记号 sign of multiplication 乘号 sign of permutation 置换的符号 sign of subtraction 减法 sign of summation 连加号 sign of the membership relation 从属关系记号sign of union 并号signal 信号signature of permutation 置换的符号 signed numbers 带符号数signed rank test 符号秩检验 signed tree 指定符号的树 significance level 显著性水平 significance of a deviation 偏差的显著性significance test 显著性检定 significant 有效的significant digit 有效数字 significant figure 有效数字 signum 正负号函数similar figures 相似形similar function 相似函数 similar matrix 相似矩阵similar ordered set 相似有序集 similar region 相似域similar test 相似检验similar triangles 相似三角形 similarity 相似similarity principle 相似性原理 similarity theorem 相似性定理similarity transformation 相似变换 similitude 相似similitude transformation 相似变换 simple 单的simple abelian variety 单阿贝耳簇 simple algebra 单代数simple arc 简单弧simple branch point 单分枝点 simple broken line 单折曲线 simple chain 简单链simple character 简单特贞 simple circuit 简单围道simple closed curve 简单闭曲线 simple component 单分量simple compression 单压缩 simple connectedness 单连通性 simple connectivity 单连通性 simple continued fraction 正则连分数 simple continued fraction expansion 简单连分数展开simple convergence 点态收敛 simple correlation coefficient 单相关系数simple cycle 简单循环simple domain 单叶域simple eigenvalue 简单特盏 simple elongation 单伸长simple event 简单事件simple extension 单扩张simple extension field 单扩张域 simple fixed point 单纯不动点 simple fraction 普通分数simple function 单叶函数simple graph 简单图simple group 单群simple harmonic motion 简谐运动 simple hypothesis 简单假设 simple integral 单积分simple intersection point 单纯交点 simple iterative method 单迭代法simple lattice 单格simple lie algebra 单李代数 simple module 单模simple object 简单对象simple path 简单道路simple pendulum 单摆simple point 单点simple polygon 简单多边形 simple polyhedron 简单多面体 simple product 简单积simple proper value 简单特盏 simple quadrilateral 简单四边形 simple random sampling 简单随机样本 simple regression 简单回归 simple regression coefficient 单回归系数simple ring 单环simple root 单根simple sample 简单样本simple sampling 简单抽样simple series 简单级数simple set 单集simple spectrum 单谱simple surface 简单曲面simple tangent 单切线simple theory of types 简单类型论 simple transcendental extension 单超越扩张 simplex 单形simplex method 单形法simplex multiplier 单形乘数simplex tableau 单形表simplex theorem 单形定理simplicial approximation 单纯逼近 simplicial cell 单纯胞腔simplicial chainmapping 单纯链映射 simplicial cochain complex 单纯上链复形 simplicial cohomology group 单纯上同岛 simplicial complex 单纯复形simplicial homology 单纯同调simplicial map 单形映射simplicial mapping cylinder 单形映射柱 simplicial pair 单形对simplicialapproximation theorem 单纯逼近定理 simplification 简化simplified fraction 简化分数simplified newton method 简化牛顿法 simply connected group 单连通群simply connected region 单连通区域 simply connected spatial domain 单连通空间域 simply convergent filter 单收敛滤子 simply ordered group 全有序群simply periodic function 单周期函数 simplyconnected domain 单连通域simpson rule 辛卜生法则simulation 模拟simultaneity 同时性simultaneous confidence intervals 联合置信区间 simultaneous diagonalization 同时对角化 simultaneous differential equation 联立微分方程 simultaneous differential equations 联立微分方程simultaneous equations 方程组simultaneous estimation 联立估计 simultaneous invariant 联立不变式simultaneous substitution 同时代入 sine 正弦函数sine curve 正弦曲线sine function 正弦函数sine integral 正弦积分sine integral function 正弦积分函数 sine law 正弦定律sine spiral 正弦螺线sine theorem 正弦定理sine wave 正弦波single 单的single address 单地址的single address code 一地址代码 single address instruction 单地址指令single address system 单地址系统 single factor method 单因子法 single step method 单步法single step process 单步法single valued 单值的single valued analytic function 单值解析函数single valued correspondence 单值对应 single valued function 单值函数 single valued operation 单值运算 single valued relation 单值关系single valuedness 单值性singlevalued mapping 单值映射 singly periodic function 单周期函数singular 奇异的singular automorphism 奇异自同构 singular bivariate normal distribution 奇异二元正态分布singular boundary 奇异边界singular boundary point 奇异边界点 singular chain 奇异链singular chain complex 奇异链复形 singular cohomology group 奇异上同岛 singular complex 奇异复形singular conic 奇二次曲线singular correspondence 奇对应 singular cycle 连续循环singular distribution 退化分布 singular element 奇元素singular elliptic function 奇异椭圆函数 singular function 奇异函数singular function of bounded variation 有界变差奇异函数singular graph 奇异图singular homology 奇异下同调 singular homology class 奇异同掂singular homology group 连续同岛 singular integral 奇解singular integral element 奇异积分元素 singular integral equation 奇异积分方程singular kernel 奇核singular line element 奇异线素 singular linear operator 奇异线性算子singular linear transformation 奇异线性变换singular locus 奇轨迹singular mapping 奇异映射singular matrix 退化阵singular operator 奇异算子 singular ordinal 特异序数singular part 奇异部分singular plane 奇异平面singular point 奇点singular proposition 特称命题 singular quadric 奇异二次曲面 singular series 奇异级数singular solution 奇解singular space 奇异空间singular submodule 奇子模singular subspace 奇异子空间 singular surface 奇曲面singular transformation 奇异变换 singular value 奇异值singular variational problem 奇异变分问题singular vector 奇异向量singularity 奇点sink 收点sinusoid 正弦摆线sinusoidal 正弦的sinusoidal function 正弦函数 sinusoidal law 正弦定律sinusoidal spiral 正弦螺线 situation 情况size 样本的大小skeleton 骨架skew curve 空间曲线skew derivation 斜微分skew determinant 斜对称行列式skew distribution 偏斜分布 skew field 非交换域skew hermitian form 斜埃尔米德型 skew hermitian matrix 斜埃尔米德矩阵 skew lines 偏斜线skew position 歪扭位置skew quadrilateral 挠四边形 skew surface 非可展直纹曲面 skew symmetric 反对称的skew symmetric determinant 斜对称行列式skew symmetric matrix 斜对称矩阵 skew symmetric tensor 斜对称张量slack variable 松弛变量slide rule 计算尺sliding vector 滑动向量slitregion 裂纹区域slope 斜率slope function 斜率函数slope intercept form 斜截式 slope line 倾斜线slope of a curve 曲线的斜率 slowly increasing sequence 缓增序列small circle 小圆small inductive dimension 小归纳维数 small sample 小样本small set 小集smallest element 最小元smash 收缩smooth curve 平滑曲线smooth map 光滑映射smooth morphism 光滑射smooth projective plane curve 光滑射影平面曲线smoothing 光滑化smoothness 光滑度sobolev embedding theorem 水列夫嵌入定理sobolev space 水列夫空间sojourn time 逗留时间solenoidal group 螺线群solenoidal vector field 螺线向量场 solid 立体;固体solid angle 立体角solid geometry 立体几何solid n sphere n维球体solid of revolution 旋转体soliton 孤立子soluble 可解的solution 解solution curve 积分曲线solution domain 解域solution formula 解公式solution set of equation 方程的解集 solution space 解空间solution surface 积分曲面 solution tree 解树解答树solution vector 解向量solvability 可解性solvable 可解的solvable equation 可解方程 solvable group 可解群solvable ideal 可解理想solve 解sorter 分类器source 发点source free vector field 无源向量场 source function 格林函数source of field 场源source program 源程序space 空间space coordinates 空间坐标 space curve 空间曲线space integral 体积积分space like manifold 类空廖 space of left cosets 左傍系空间 space of matrices 矩阵空间 space of quaternions 四元数空间 space of right cosets 右傍系空间 space quadratic transformation 空间二次变换space region 空间区域span 生成spanning tree 最大树生成树 sparse matrix 稀巯阵spatial 空间的spatial co ordinate 空间坐标 spatial isomorphism 空间同构 spatial point 空间点special divisor class 特殊除子类 special functional equations 特殊函数方程special functions 特殊函数special group 特殊群special homology manifold 特殊同滴 special jordan algebra 特殊约当代数 special linear group 特殊线性群 special linear homogeneous group 特殊线性齐次群special orthogonal group 特殊正交群 special purpose computer 专用计算机 special representation 特殊表示 special unitarian group 特殊酉群special valuation 特殊赋值specialization 特定化specific 特殊的specific address 绝对地址specific heat 比热specificity 特性spectral analysis of operators 算子的谱分析spectral decomposition 谱表示 spectral density 谱线密度spectral distribution 谱分布 spectral distribution curve 光谱分布曲线 spectral function 谱函数spectral functor 谱函子spectral geometry 谱几何spectral integral 谱积分spectral invariant 谱不变量 spectral line 谱线spectral mapping theorem 谱映射定理 spectral measure 谱测度spectral multiplicity 谱重度 spectral norm 谱模spectral point 谱点spectral property 谱性质spectral radius 谱半径spectral representation 谱表示 spectral sequence 谱序列spectral set 谱集spectral space 谱空间spectral subspace 谱子空间spectral synthesis 谱综合spectral theorem 谱定理spectrum 谱spectrum of a matrix 阵的谱 speed 速度sphere 球sphere bundle 球丛sphere of contact 相切球面sphere of the inversion 反演球 spherical 球形的spherical angle 球面角spherical astronomy 球面天文学 spherical asymptote 球面渐近线spherical bessel function 球贝塞耳函数 spherical cap 球冠spherical cohomology class 球上同掂 spherical coordinates 球极坐标spherical curvature 球面曲率spherical curve 球面曲线spherical cyclic curve 球面循环曲线 spherical derivative 球面导数spherical domain 球面域spherical epicycloid 球面外摆线 spherical excess 球面角盈spherical fiber 球面纤维spherical function 球函数spherical geometry 球面几何学 spherical harmonic function 球面低函数spherical harmonics 球面低函数 spherical helix 球面螺旋线spherical homology class 球面同掂 spherical image 球面象spherical indicatrix 球面指标 spherical indicatrix of binormal 副法线球面指标spherical indicatrix of principal normal 吱线球面指标spherical indicatrix of tangents 切线球面指标spherical mean 球中值spherical neighborhood 球形邻域 spherical parallelogram 球面平行四边形 spherical polar coordinates 球极坐标 spherical polygon 球面多边形spherical pyramid 球面棱锥spherical sector 球心角体spherical segment 球截形spherical shell 球壳spherical space 球面空间spherical surface 球面spherical triangle 球面三角形 spherical triangular coordinates 球面三角坐标spherical trigonometry 球面三角学spherical zone 球带spherics 球面几何学sphero quartic 球面四次曲线 spheroid 回转椭圆面spheroidal coordinates 球体坐标 spheroidal function 球体低函数spheroidal harmonic 球体低函数 spheroidal wave function 球体波函数spinode 第一类尖点spinor 旋子spinor field 旋量场spinor genus 旋量狂spinor group 旋子群spinor representation 旋量表示 spiral 螺线spiral point 螺线极点spiral surface 螺面spline 样条spline function 样条函数 spline interpolation 样条内插 splitting 分裂splittingfield 分裂域spur 迹squarable 可平方的square 正方形square bracket 方括弧square contingency 平方列联 square deviation 平方偏差 square matrix 方阵square measure 平方测度square mesh 正方网格square root 平方根square root transformation 平方根变换square summable function 平方可积函数squareintegrable function 平方可积函数stability 稳定性stability conditions 稳定条件 stability criterion 稳定性判据stability group 稳定群stability number 稳定数stability region 稳定区stabilization 稳定stabilization method 稳定法 stabilizer 迷向群stable convergence 稳定收敛 stable equilibrium 稳定平衡 stable homotopy group 稳定同伦群 stable manifold 稳定廖stable orbit 稳定轨道stable point 稳定点stable process 稳定过程 stable set 稳定集合stable solution 稳定解stable state 稳定状态stalk 茎standard complex 标准复形 standard deviation 标准差 standard equation 标准方程 standard form 标准型standard isobaric surfaces 标准等压面standard n simplex 标准n单形 standard regression coefficient 标准回归系数standard simplex 标准单形 standard topology 标准拓扑 standardization 标准化standardize 使标准化standardized normal distribution 标准化正态分布standardized normal variate 标准化正态变量standardized variable 标准化变量 standardized variate 标准化变量star body 星形体star covering 星形覆盖star neighborhood 星形邻域 star of a simplex 单形的星形 star region 拟星形域star shaped domain 拟星形域 starlike domain 拟星形域 starlike mapping 拟星形映射 starlike set 拟星集starrefinement 星型加细 start time 开始时间state 状态state coordinates 状态坐标 state function 状态函数 state of equilibrium 平衡状态 state region 状态区域state space 状态空间state variable 状态变数state vector 状态向量statement 命题static model 静态模型statics 静力学stationary 平稳的stationary curve 平稳曲线stationary distribution 平稳分布 stationary flow 平稳流定常流stationary function 平稳函数stationary osculating plane 平稳密切面 stationary point 平稳点stationary point process 平稳点过程 stationary process 平稳随机过程stationary state 定态stationary time series 平稳时间序列 stationary value 平稳值statistic 统计量statistical 统计的statistical accuracy 统计精确度 statistical analysis 统计分析statistical data analysis 统计数据分析 statistical decision function 统计判决函数 statistical decision problem 统计判决问题 statistical decision procedure 统计判决程序 statistical decision process 统计判决过程 statistical distribution 统计分布 statistical ergodic theorem 平均遍历定理 statistical error 统计误差statistical estimate 估计statistical estimation 统计估计 statistical hypothesis 统计假设statistical hypothesis testing 统计假设检验 statistical inference 统计推断statistical mechanics 统计力学statistical method 平均法statistical model 随机性模型statistical optimization 统计最佳化 statistical quality control 统计质量管理 statistical thermodynamics 统计热力学 statistics 统计学statistics of extreme values 极值统计 statistics of extremes 极值统计 steady 平稳的steady state 定态steenrod algebra 斯丁洛特代数steenrod operation 斯丁洛特运算 steepest descent method 最速下降法steering program 痔序steering routine 痔序steinberg group 斯坦因伯格群step 步长step function 阶梯函数step length 步长stepping stone method 起脚石法 steradian 球面度stereoangle 立体角stereogram 立体频数stereographic projection 球极平面射影 stereography 立体平画法stereometry 立体几何stiefel whitney class 斯蒂费尔惠特尼类 stieltjes integral 斯蒂尔吉斯积分 stirling formula 斯特林公式stochastic 随机的stochastic approximation 随机逼近 stochastic automaton 随机自动机stochastic connection 随机联络 stochastic control 随机控制stochastic dependence 随机相依 stochastic differential equation 随机微分方程stochastic differentiation 随机微分法 stochastic dynamic model 随机动态模型 stochastic dynamic programming 随机动态规划 stochastic filtering 随机滤波stochastic game 随机对策stochastic independence 随机独立 stochastic integral 随机积分stochastic integral equation 随机积分方程 stochastic integration 随机积分 stochastic matrix 随机阵stochastic maximum principle 随机极大原理 stochastic model 随机性模型stochastic optimization 随机规划法 stochastic process 随机过程stochastic programming 随机规划法 stochastic variable 随机变数stochastically dependent event 随机相依事件 stochastically independent event 随机独立事件stokes integral theorem 斯托克斯定理stokes theorem 斯托克斯定理 stop time 停止时间stopped process 停止过程 stopping rule 停止规则 storage 存储store 存储器store capacity 存储容量 store cell 存储单元straight 直的straight angle 平角straighten 弄平straightline 直线strain 应变strain tensor 应变张量 strategic equivalence 策略等价性 strategic model 策略模型 strategy 策略strategy of a game 对策的策略 strategy polygon 策略多角形stratification 层化stratified sample 分层样本 stratified sampling 分层抽样 stratified selection 分层抽样 stratum 层stream function 怜数streamline 吝strength 强度stress 应力stress ellipsoid 应力椭球 stress function 应力函数 stress of a body 体应力 stress tensor 应力张量 stretching transformation 伸缩变换strict convexity 严格凸性 strict decreasing 严格递减 strict epimorphism 严格满射 strict extremum 严格极值 strict implication 严格蕴涵 strict increasing 严格递增 strict inductive limit 严格归纳极限strict inequality 严格不等式 strict isotonicity 严格保序性 strict isotony 严格保序性strict minimum 严格极小strict morphism 严格射strict solution 严格解strict upper bound 严格上界strictly concave function 严格凹函数 strictly convex function 严格凸函数 strictly convex space 严格凸空间 strictly decreasing 严格减少的strictly dominant strategy 严格优策略 strictly finer topology 严格较细拓扑 strictly increasing 严格递增的strictly increasing mapping 严格递增映射 strictly lower triangular matrix 严格下三角矩阵 strictly monotone decreasing 严格单递减的 strictly monotone increasing 严格单递增的 strictly monotonic function 严格单弹数strictly monotonic mapping 严格单党射 strictly monotonic sequence 严格单凋列 strictly normed linear space 严格赋范线性空间 strictly positive measure 严格正测度 strictly upper triangular matrix 严格上三角矩阵 strip 带strip of conditional convergence 条件收敛带 strip region 带形区域strong component 强分支strong convergence 强收敛strong convergent operator 强收敛算子 strong deformation retract 强形变收缩核 strong discontinuity 强间断strong dual 强对偶strong ellipticity 强椭圆型strong epimorphism 强满射strong extremum 强相对极值strong inequality 严格不等式strong law of large numbers 强大数定律 strong markov process 强马尔可夫过程 strong monomorphism 强单射strong operator topology 强算子拓扑 strong solution 强解strong summability 强可和性strong topology 强拓扑strongly coercive 强强制的strongly connected compactum 强连通紧统 strongly connected graph 强连通图strongly continuous map 强连续映射 strongly elliptic operator 强椭圆算子 strongly inaccessible cardinal 强不可达基数 strongly inaccessible ordinal 强不可达序数 strongly mixing transformation 强混合变换 strongly paracompact space 强仿紧空间 strongly plurisubharmonic function 强多重次低函数strongly pseudoconvex domain 强伪凸域 strophoid 环诉structural morphism 结构射structural stability 构造稳定性 structure 结构structure constant 构造常数structure equations 结构方程structure formula 结构公式structure function 结构函数structure group 结构群structure morphism 结构射structure sheaf 结构层structure theorem 结构定理structured complex 结构复形student t distribution 学生t分布 sturm chain 斯图谟链sturm liouville eigenvalue problem 斯图谟刘维尔特盏问题subadditive function 次加性函数 subadditive functional 次加性泛函subadditive interval function 次加性区间函数 subadditive set function 次加性集函数 subadditivity 次可加性subalgebra 子代数subautomaton 子自动机subbase 子基subbundle 子丛subcategory 子范畴subchain 子链subclass 子类subcoalgebra 子上代数subcomplex 子复形subcontinuum 子连续统subcovering 子覆盖subdeterminant 子行列式subdifferential 次微分subdirect sum 次直和subdivide 细分subdivision 重分subdivision chain 剖分链 subdomain 子域subfamily 子族subfield 子域subformula 子公式subgradient 次梯度subgraph 子图subgroup 子群subgroupoid 子群化subharmonic 次低的subharmonic function 次低函数 subideal 子理想subinterval 子区间subject 质subjective probability 诸概率 sublattice 子格sublinear functional 次线性泛函 submanifold 子簇submartingale 半submatrix 子阵submersion 浸没submodel 子模型submodule 子模submultiple 因数subnet 子网subnormal 次法线subobject 子对象subordinate category 从属范畴 subordinate construction 从属构造subordinate partition of unity 从属单位分解subpolyhedron 子多面体subpresheaf 子预层subproduct 子积subprojective manifold 次射影廖 subquasigroup 子拟群subquotient of a module 模的子商 subreflexive 子反射的subregion 子域subrelation 子关系subrepresentation 子表示 subring 子环subroutine 子程序subsample 子样本subsampling 二段抽样subsampling unit 二段抽样单位 subscheme 子概型subscript 下标subsemigroup 子半群subsemiring 子半环subsequence 子序列subseries 子级数subset 子集。
数学专业英语词汇（L）l distribution l分布l function l函数l integral 勒贝格积分l measurable function 勒贝格可测函数l null set l零集l'hospital rule 洛必达规则labeled graph 标号图labile 不稳定的laboratory system of coordinates 实验室坐标系labyrinth 迷宫lacation principle 介值定理lacunarity 缺项性lacunary series 间隙级数lacunary space 缺项空间lag 延迟lag correlation 滞后相关lag correlation coefficient 滞后相关系数lag covariance 落后协方差lag of phase 相位滞后lag regression 落后回归lagrange bracket 拉格朗日括号lagrange equation of motion 拉格朗日运动方程lagrange interpolation formula 拉格朗日插置公式lagrange interpolation polynomial 拉格郎日插值多项式lagrange multiplier 拉格朗日乘子lagrange problem 拉格朗日问题lagrange remainder term 拉格朗日剩余项lagrange residual term 拉格朗日剩余项lagrange theorem 拉格朗日定理lagrangian 拉格朗日算子thermocouple pyrometer 热电偶高温计lagrangian function 拉格朗日算子lagrangian operator 拉格朗日算符laguerre differential equation 拉盖尔微分方程laguerre function 拉盖尔函数laguerre polynomial 拉盖尔多项式lambert series 兰伯特级数lame equation 拉梅方程lame function 拉梅函数laminar 薄层的laminar flow 层流片流landau symbol 兰道记号landen transformation 兰登变换language of formula 公式语言laplace beltrami operator 拉普拉斯贝尔特拉米算子laplace distribution 拉普拉斯分布laplace equation 拉普拉斯方程laplace expansion 拉普拉斯展开laplace expansion theorem 拉普拉斯展开定理laplace integral 拉普拉斯积分laplace linear equation 拉普拉斯线性方程laplace transform 拉普拉斯变换laplacian 拉普拉斯算子laplacian equation 拉普拉斯方程large sample analysis 大样本分析large sample test 大样本检验last multiplier 最后乘子last term 末项latency 潜在latent 潜在的lateral 横的lateral area 侧面积lateral surface 侧面latin cube 拉丁立方latin rectangle 拉丁矩形latin square 拉丁方latitude 纬度lattice 格子;格lattice constant 点阵常数lattice design 格子设计lattice distribution 格分布lattice function 点阵函数lattice isomorphism 格同构lattice matrix 点阵矩阵lattice of sets 集格lattice operation 格运算lattice ordered group 格序群lattice point at the boundary 边界格点lattice theoretic 格论的lattice theory 格论latticehomomorphism 格同态latus rectum 通径laue's equations 劳卮方程laurent series 罗郎级数law 法则law of commutation 交换律law of composition 合成律law of cosines 余弦定律law of deduction 演绎定律law of double negation 双重否定律law of errors 误差律law of excluded middle 排中律law of exponentiation 指数定律law of inertia 惯性律law of iterated logarithm 迭对数定律law of large numbers 大数定律law of similarity transformation 相似变换律law of sines 正弦定律law of small numbers 小数定律law of tangents 正切定律laws of integral exponents 整指数定律leading coefficient 首项系数leading diagonal 衷角线leading ideal 猪想leading term 知项leaf 叶least common denominator 最小公分母least common left multiple 左最小公倍数least common multiple 最小公倍数least common right multiple 右最小公倍数least significant digit 最小有效数字least squares approximation 最小二乘逼近least squares estimator 最小二乘估计量least upper bound 最小上界lebesgue area 勒贝格面积lebesgue decomposition 勒贝格分解lebesgue integrable 勒贝格可积的lebesgue integral 勒贝格积分lebesgue measurable 勒贝格可测的lebesgue measure 勒贝格测度lebesgue number 勒贝格数lebesgue space 勒贝格空间lebesgue stieltjes integral 勒贝格斯蒂尔吉斯积分left adjoint 左伴随的left adjoint homomorphism 左伴随同态left almost periodic function 左殆周期函数left alternative division ring 左交错可除环left alternative law 左交错律left alternative ring 左交错环left annihilator 左零化子left artinian ring 左阿廷环left associated element 左相伴元素left balanced functor 左平衡函子left closed object 在闭对象left completion 左完备化left continuous 左方连续的left continuous function 左连续函数left coset 左陪集left coset space 左傍系空间left derivative 左导数left derived functor 左导函子left differential 左微分left direct product 左直积left directed quasiorder 逆有向拟序left distributive 左分配的left distributive law 左分配律left divisor 左因子left end point 左端点left exact functor 左正合函子left exactness 左正合性left faithful functor 左一一的函子left hand differentiable function 左可微函数left hand lower dini derivative 左下狄尼导数left hand side 左边left hand symmetrizable kernel 左方可对称化核left hand upper dini derivative 左上狄尼导数left handed co ordinate system 左手坐标系left handed curve 左旋曲线left handed system 左手坐标系left hereditary ring 左遗传环left homotopy inverse 左同伦逆元left ideal 左理想left identity element 左幺元left injective dimension 左内射维数left inner product 左内积left invariant mean 左不变平均值left invariant measure 左不变测度left inverse 左逆的left inverse element 左逆元left inverse matrix 左逆阵left inverse operator 左逆算子left invertible element 左可逆元left invertible mapping 左可逆映射left isolated point 左孤立点left kernel 左核left length 左长left limit value 左极限值left linear topology 左线性拓扑left localization 左局部化left mean 左平均left module 左模left monotonicity 左单翟left multiplication ring 左乘环left noetherian semigroup 左诺特半群left non zerodivisor 左非零因子left operator 左算子left order 左整环left periodic group 左周期群left primitive ideal 左本原理想left primitive ring 左本原环left projective space 左射影空间left quasi inverse 左拟逆元left quasi regularity 左拟正则性left quasi simple ring 左拟单环left quasigroup 左拟群left quotient 左商left quotient field 左商域left quotient ring 左商环left radical 左根基left regular element 左正则元素left regular representation 左正则表示left regularity 左正则性left remainder 左剩余left representation 左表示left resolution 左分解left satellite 左卫星函子left semihereditary ring 左半遗传环left semilinear mapping 左半线性映射left side contiuous function 左连续函数left side derivative 左导数left side half open interval 左半开区间left side limit value 左极限值left sided decomposition 左分解left simple groupoid 左单广群left simple semigroup 左单半群left tensor product 左张量乘积left topology 左拓扑left translation 左平移left zero divisor 左零因子leg of a right triangle 直角三角形的侧边legendre function 勒让德函数legendre polynomial 勒让德多项式legendre relation 勒让德关系legendre symbol 勒让德记号legendre transform 勒让德变换leibniz series 莱布尼兹级数leibniz theorem 莱布尼兹定理lemma 引理lemniscate 双纽线lemniscate function 双纽线函数lemniscate of bernoulli 伯努利双纽线length 长度length of arc 弧长length of curve 曲线的长length of normal 法线的长length of queue 队列长度length of tangent 切线的长length of vector 向量的长length unit 长度单位lens 透镜lens space 透镜空间leptokurtic distribution 尖峰态分布less than or equal 小于或等于letter 文字level 水准level curve 阶层曲线level line 等高线level plane 水准面level surface 等位面lever 杠杆levi decomposition 列维分解levi problem 列维问题lexicographic 词典的lexicographic order 字典顺序liapunov function 李雅普诺夫函数library 厍library subroutine 库存子程序lie algebra 李代数lie continuous group 李连续群lie derivative 李导数lie group 李群lie homomorphism 李同态lie ring 李环lie series 李级数lie subring 李子环life insurance 寿命保险life table 死亡率表life time 生存时间lifting 提升lifting map 提升映射lifting theorem 提升定理like term 同类项likelihood 似然likelihood function 似然函数likelihood ratio 似然比likelihood ratio test 似然比值检验limacon of pascal 帕斯卡蚶线limes inferior 下极限limes superior 上极限limit 极限limit case 极限情况limit circle 极限圆limit circle type 极限圆型limit cycle 极限环limit distribution 极限分布limit element 极限元limit function 极限函数limit in the sense of pointwise convergence 点态收敛极限limit of efficiency 有效极限limit of error 误差限度limit of integration 积分极限limit of proportionality 比例极限limit on the left 左极限limit on the right 右极限limit ordinal number 极限序数limit point 极限点limit point type 极限点型limit relation 极限关系limit theorem 极限定理limit theorem in probability theory 概率论极限定理limit value 极限值limitation 限制limited 有界的limited function 有界函数limiting cone 极限锥limiting distribution 极限分布limiting point 极限点limiting position 极限位置limitless 无界的limits of integration 积分限line 线line at infinity 无穷远线line bundle 线丛line coordinates 线坐标line critical graph 线临界图line element 线素line graph 线图line integral 线积分line of curvature 曲率线line of discontinuity 不连续线line of horizon 水平线line of intersection 交线line of nodes 交点线line of steepest descent 最速下降线line of vector 向量线line segment 线段linear 线的linear acceleration 线性加速度linear algebra 线性代数linear approximation 线性近似linear approximation problem 线性逼近问题linear associative algebra 线性结合代数linear closure 线性闭包linear combination 线性组合linear convergence 线性收敛linear density 线密度linear dependence 线性关系linear difference equation 线性差分方程linear differential equation 线性微分方程linear differential equation with constant coefficients 常系数线性微分方程linear dimension 线性维数linear eigenvalue problem 线性特盏问题linear equation 线性方程linear extrapolation 线性外插linear form 线性形式linear fractional function 单应函数linear fractional transformation 线性分式变换linear function 线性函数linear functional 线性泛函linear genus 线性狂linear group 线性群linear homogeneous equation 线性齐次方程linear hull 线性闭包linear independence 线性无关linear integral equation 线性积分方程linear integral equation of the third kind 第三种线性积分方程linear interpolation 线性插值linear isomorphism 线性同构linear manifold 线性廖linear map 线性映射linear measure 线性测度linear operator 线性算子linear optimization 线性最优化linear optimization problem 线性最优化问题linear order 线性有序类linear orderedness 线性次序linear ordinary differential equation 线性常微分方程linear pencil 线性束linear programming 线性规划linear quotient optimization 线性商最优化linear regression 线性回归linear relationship 线性关系linear space 线性空间linear subspace 线性子空间linear subsystem 线性子系linear system 线性系linear system of curves 线性曲线系linear system of differential equations 线性微分方程系linear transformation 线性变换linear vector function 线性向量函数linear velocity 线速度linearity 线性linearization 线性化linearly dependent set 线性相关集linearly dependent system 线性相关集linearly independent set 线性无关系linearly independent system 线性无关系linearly ordered class 线性有序类linearly ordered set 线性有序集link group 连接群liouville number 刘维尔数liouville theorem 刘维尔定理lipschitz condition 李普希茨条件lipschitz constant 李普希茨常数lipschitz continuity 李普希茨连续性lipschitz continuous function 李普希茨连续函数lipschitz space 李普希茨空间listing knot 8字纽结liter 升literal constant 文字常数literal expression 文字式litre 升lituus 连锁螺线load 载荷load curve 载荷曲线lobachevski space 双曲空间lobachevskian geometry 双曲几何学local arcwise connectedness 局部弧连通性local base 局部基local betti group 局部贝蒂群local borel set 局部波莱尔集local class field theory 局部类域论local compactness 局部紧性local condition 局部条件local continuity 局部连续性local convergence 局部收敛local coordinate system 局部坐标系local degree 局部次数local degree of map 局部映射度local extremum 局部极值local group 局部群local isomorphism 局部同构local lie group 局部李群local limit theorem 局部极限定理local lipschitz condition 局部李普希茨条件local maximum 局部极大local minimum 局部极小local parameter 局部参数local property 局部性质local ring 局部环local ringed space 局部环式空间local uniformization 局部单值化local uniformizing 局部单值化localization 局部化localization principle 局部化原理localizing subcategory 局部化子范畴locally analytic function 局部解析函数locally arcwise connected space 局部弧连通空间locally bounded function 局部有界函数locally closed set 局部闭集locally compact mapping 局部紧映射locally compact space 局部紧空间locally connected continuum 局部连通连续统locally connected set 局部连通集locally connected space 局部连通空间locally constant function 局部常值函数locally constant sheaf 局部常数层locally contractible space 局部可缩空间locally convex algebra 局部凸代数locally convex space 局部凸空间locally convex topology 局部凸拓扑locally euclidean connection 局部欧几里得联通locally euclidean group 局部欧几里得群locally euclidean manifold 局部欧几里得廖locally euclidean space 局部欧几里得空间locally finite category 局部有限范畴locally finite complex 局部有限复形locally finite family of sets 局部有限集族locally finite graph 局部有限图locally finite sum 局部有限和locally flat 局部平坦的locally free sheaf 局部自由层locally homomorphic function 局部同态函数locally pathconnected space 局部道路连通空间locally regular confidence region 局部正则置信区域locally separable space 局部可分空间locally soluble group 局部可解群locally trivial embedding 局部平凡嵌入locally unbiased test 局部无偏检验locally uniformizing parameter 局部单值化参数locally uniformly convergent sequence 局部一致收敛序列locally zero function 局部零函数location 存储单元location parameter 位置参数location principle 介值locus 轨迹log curve 对数曲线log log paper 重对数坐标纸logarithm 对数logarithm table 对数表logarithm to the base 10 常用对数logarithm to the basese 讷代对数logarithmic 对数的logarithmic branchpoint 对数分歧点logarithmic convexity 对数凸性logarithmic coordinates 对数座标logarithmic curve 对数曲线logarithmic decrement 对数衰减logarithmic derivative 对数导数logarithmic distribution 对数分布logarithmic equation 对数方程logarithmic function 对数函数logarithmic integral 对数积分logarithmic normal distribution 对数正态分布logarithmic paper 对数坐标纸logarithmic potential 对数位势logarithmic residue 对数残数logarithmic scale 对数尺度logarithmic series 对数级数logarithmic singularity 对数奇点logarithmic slide rule 对数计算尺logarithmic spiral 对数螺线logarithmic table 对数表logic 逻辑logic calculus 逻辑学logic of pocket calculator 袖珍计算机的逻辑logic of relations 关系逻辑logic product 合取logic sum 析取logical 逻辑的logical circuit 逻辑电路logical comparison 逻辑比较logical diagram 逻辑图logical element 逻辑元件logical operation 逻辑运算logical paradox 逻辑悖论logical shift 逻辑移位logical symbol 逻辑符号logical variable 逻辑变量logically true proposition 逻辑地真命题logicism 逻辑皱logico mathematical model 逻辑数学模型logistic 暹辑斯谛logistic curve 逻辑斯谛曲线logistic system 形式系统lognormal distribution 对数正态分布longitude 经度longitudinal 经度的longitudinal axis 纵向轴loop 闭路loop of a curve 曲线的闭路loop space 圈空间lopology of the uniformity 一致拓扑lorentz group 洛伦茨群thermocouple pyrometer 热电偶高温计lorentz transformation 洛伦茨变换loss 损失loss function 损失函数loss system 损失系统lot 一批lot tolerance fraction defective 批容许废品率low of cosines 余弦定律lower approximate limit 下近似极限lower bound 下界lower central series 降中心列lower class 下类lower control limit 下控制界限lower darboux integral 达布下积分lower darboux sum 达布下和lower density 下密度lower dini derivative 狄尼下导数lower envelope 下包络lower half plane 下半平面lower integral 下积分lower limit 下限lower limit of integration 积分的下极限lower measure 内测度lower order 低位lower pure value 下方值lower quartile 第一四分位数lower semi modular lattice 下半模格lower semicontinuity 下半连续性lower semicontinuous decomposition 下半连续分解lower semicontinuous function 下半连续函数lower semilattice 下半格lower sum 下和lower triangular matrix 下三角形矩阵lower value 下方值lower variation 负变差lowest common denominator 最小公分母lowest common multiple 最低公倍数lowest term 最低项loxodrome 斜驶曲线loxodromic matrix 斜驶矩阵loxodromic spiral 斜驶曲线loxodromic transformation 斜驶变换lozenge diagram 菱形图形lune 弓形。
美国数学大联盟常用英文词汇一、基础数学词汇1. Arithmetic 算术2. Algebra 代数3. Geometry 几何4. Trigonometry 三角学5. Calculus 微积分6. Statistics 统计学7. Probability 概率论8. Combinatorics 组合数学9. Number theory 数论10. Set theory 集合论二、代数词汇1. Variable 变量2. Equation 方程3. Inequality 不等式4. Function 函数5. Graph 图像6. Polynomial 多项式7. Factorization 因式分解8. Exponent 指数9. Logarithm 对数10. Matrix 矩阵三、几何词汇1. Point 点2. Line 线3. Plane 平面4. Angle 角度5. Triangle 三角形6. Quadrilateral 四边形7. Circle 圆8. Perimeter 周长9. Area 面积10. Volume 体积四、三角学词汇1. Sine 正弦2. Cosine 余弦3. Tangent 正切4. Cosecant 余割5. Secant 正割6. Cotangent 余切7. Arcsine 反正弦8. Arccosine 反余弦9. Arctangent 反正切10. Radian 弧度五、微积分词汇1. Derivative 导数2. Integral 积分3. Limit 极限4. Series 级数5. Sequence 数列6. Differentiation 微分7. Integration 积分8. Differential equation 微分方程9. Taylor series 泰勒级数10. Fourier series 傅里叶级数六、统计学词汇1. Data 数据2. Sample 样本3. Population 总体4. Mean 平均值5. Median 中位数6. Mode 众数7. Standard deviation 标准差8. Variance 方差9. Probability distribution 概率分布10. Hypothesis testing 假设检验七、概率论词汇1. Event 事件2. Probability 概率3. Random variable 随机变量4. Probability space 概率空间5. Conditional probability 条件概率6. Bayes' theorem 贝叶斯定理7. Independence 独立性8. Law of large numbers 大数定律9. Central limit theorem 中心极限定理10. Random walk 随机游走八、组合数学词汇1. Permutation 排列2. Combination 组合3. Binomial coefficient 二项式系数4. Pascal's triangle 帕斯卡三角形5. Catalan number 卡塔兰数6. Fibonacci sequence 斐波那契数列7. Partition 分割8. Graph theory 图论9. Ramsey theory 拉姆齐理论10. Combinatorial design 组合设计九、数论词汇1. Prime number 质数2. Composite number 合数3. Divisor 因数4. GCD 最大公约数5. LCM 最小公倍数6. Modular arithmetic 模运算7. Fermat's little theorem 费马小定理8. Euler's theorem 欧拉定理9. Chinese remainder theorem 中国剩余定理10. RSA encryption RSA加密十、集合论词汇1. Set 集合2. Element 元素3. Union 并集4. Intersection 交集5. Complement 补集6. Power set 幂集7. Cartesian product 笛卡尔积8. Function 函数9. Relation 关系10. Equivalence relation 等价关系美国数学大联盟常用英文词汇一、基础数学词汇1. Arithmetic 算术2. Algebra 代数3. Geometry 几何4. Trigonometry 三角学5. Calculus 微积分6. Statistics 统计学7. Probability 概率论8. Combinatorics 组合数学9. Number theory 数论10. Set theory 集合论二、代数词汇1. Variable 变量2. Equation 方程3. Inequality 不等式4. Function 函数5. Graph 图像6. Polynomial 多项式7. Factorization 因式分解8. Exponent 指数9. Logarithm 对数10. Matrix 矩阵三、几何词汇1. Point 点2. Line 线3. Plane 平面4. Angle 角度5. Triangle 三角形6. Quadrilateral 四边形7. Circle 圆8. Perimeter 周长9. Area 面积10. Volume 体积四、三角学词汇1. Sine 正弦2. Cosine 余弦3. Tangent 正切4. Cosecant 余割5. Secant 正割6. Cotangent 余切7. Arcsine 反正弦8. Arccosine 反余弦9. Arctangent 反正切10. Radian 弧度五、微积分词汇1. Derivative 导数2. Integral 积分3. Limit 极限4. Series 级数5. Sequence 数列6. Differentiation 微分7. Integration 积分8. Differential equation 微分方程9. Taylor series 泰勒级数10. Fourier series 傅里叶级数六、统计学词汇1. Data 数据2. Sample 样本3. Population 总体4. Mean 平均值5. Median 中位数6. Mode 众数7. Standard deviation 标准差8. Variance 方差9. Probability distribution 概率分布10. Hypothesis testing 假设检验七、概率论词汇1. Event 事件2. Probability 概率3. Random variable 随机变量4. Probability space 概率空间5. Conditional probability 条件概率6. Bayes' theorem 贝叶斯定理7. Independence 独立性8. Law of large numbers 大数定律9. Central limit theorem 中心极限定理10. Random walk 随机游走八、组合数学词汇1. Permutation 排列2. Combination 组合3. Binomial coefficient 二项式系数4. Pascal's triangle 帕斯卡三角形5. Catalan number 卡塔兰数6. Fibonacci sequence 斐波那契数列7. Partition 分割8. Graph theory 图论9. Ramsey theory 拉姆齐理论10. Combinatorial design 组合设计九、数论词汇1. Prime number 质数2. Composite number 合数3. Divisor 因数4. GCD 最大公约数5. LCM 最小公倍数6. Modular arithmetic 模运算7. Fermat's little theorem 费马小定理8. Euler's theorem 欧拉定理9. Chinese remainder theorem 中国剩余定理10. RSA encryption RSA加密十、集合论词汇1. Set 集合2. Element 元素3. Union 并集4. Intersection 交集5. Complement 补集6. Power set 幂集7. Cartesian product 笛卡尔积8. Function 函数9. Relation 关系10. Equivalence relation 等价关系十一、数学竞赛相关词汇1. Contest 竞赛2. Problem 问题3. Solution 解答4. Strategy 策略5. Practice 练习6. Challenge 挑战7. Competition 比赛8. Award 奖项9. Medal 奖牌10. Rank 排名十二、数学教育相关词汇1. Curriculum 课程2. Lesson 课3. Exercise 练习4. Homework 作业5. Test 测试6. Assessment 评估7. Instruction 指导8. Resource 资源9. Tool 工具10. Technique 技巧十三、数学研究相关词汇1. Research 研究2. Theory 理论3. Hypothesis 假设4. Proof 证明5. Result 结果6. Experiment 实验7. Observation 观察8. Analysis 分析9. Conclusion 结论10. Publication 发表十四、数学应用相关词汇1. Application 应用2. Model 模型3. Algorithm 算法4. Simulation 模拟5. Optimization 优化6. Data 数据7. Analysis 分析8. Solution 解答9. Design 设计10. Evaluation 评估十五、数学文化相关词汇1. History 历史2. Development 发展3. Influence 影响4. Mathematician 数学家5. Theory 理论6. Concept 概念7. Idea 思想8. Innovation 创新9. Tradition 传统10. Legacy 遗产通过掌握这些常用英文词汇，你将能够更好地理解和参与美国数学大联盟的数学竞赛、教育、研究以及应用等领域的讨论和交流。
数学核心素养在小学数学中如何落实近年来，核心素养已成为中小学素质教育的重要组成部分。
教育部立项研究的核心素养分为学生发展核心素养和学科核心素养两个方面。
学生发展核心素养指的是学生需要具备的必备品格和关键能力，从自主发展、社会参与和文化基础三个方面展开，旨在培养全面发展的社会主义事业建设者和接班人。
而学科核心素养则包括了数学抽象、逻辑推理、数学建模、直观想象、数学运算和数据分析六个素养。
数学核心素养是指具有数学基本特征的思维品质和关键能力，能够适应学生个人终身发展和社会发展的需要。
其中，数学抽象指的是从事物中抽象出数学研究对象的能力；逻辑推理则指从一些事实和命题出发，依据规则推出其他命题的能力；数学建模则是对现实问题进行数学抽象，用数学语言表达问题、用数学知识与方法构建模型解决问题的能力。
在小学阶段，数学学科的核心素养与高中阶段是相同的，也就是上述六个素养。
因此，小学教学中需要落实这六个核心素养。
同时，也需要关注学生发展核心素养，培养学生的自主发展能力和践行社会主义核心价值观的能力。
总之，数学核心素养在小学教学中的落实是非常重要的。
教师们需要注重培养学生的数学思维能力和数学素养，同时也要关注学生的综合素质发展。
直观想象是指通过几何直观和空间想象来感知事物的形态与变化，并利用图形理解和解决数学问题的能力。
这包括借助空间认识事物的位置关系、形态变化与运动规律，利用图形描述、分析数学问题，建立数与形的联系，构建数学问题的直观模型，探索解决问题的思路。
数学运算是指在明确运算对象的基础上，依据运算法则解决数学问题的能力。
这包括理解运算对象，掌握运算法则，探究运算思路，选择运算方法，设计运算程序，求得运算结果等。
数据分析是指针对研究对象获取数据，运用统计方法对数据进行整理、分析和推断，形成关于研究对象知识的能力。
这包括收集数据，整理数据，提取信息，构建模型，进行推断，获得结论。
这6个核心素养并不是相互分离的，而是有密切联系的。
0349]《数学建模》第一批次[填空题]名词解释: 1．原型2．模型3．数学模型4．机理分析5．测试分析6．理想方法7．计算机模拟8．蛛网模型9．群体决策10．直觉11．灵感12．想象力13．洞察力14．类比法15．思维模型16．符号模型17．直观模型18．物理模型19．2倍周期收敛 20．灵敏度分析21．TSP 问题22．随机存储策略23．随机模型24．概率模型25．混合整数规划26．灰色预测参考答案：1．原型：原型指人们在现实世界里关心、研究或者从事生产、管理的实际对象。
2．模型：指为某个特定目的将原形的某一部分信息简缩、提炼而构造的原型替代物。
3．数学模型：是由数字、字母或其它数字符号组成的，描述现实对象数量规律的数学公式、图形或算法。
4．机理分析：根据对客观事物特性的认识，找出反映内部机理的数量规律，建立的模型常有明显的物理意义或现实意义。
5．测试分析：将研究对象看作一个"黑箱”系统，通过对系统输入、输出数据的测量和统计分析，按照一定的准则找出与数据拟合得最好的模型。
6．理想方法：是从观察和经验中通过想象和逻辑思维，把对象简化、纯化，使其升华到理状态，以其更本质地揭示对象的固有规律。
7．计算机模拟：根据实际系统或过程的特性，按照一定的数学规律用计算机程序语言模拟实际运行情况，并依据大量模拟结构对系统或过程进行定量分析。
8．蛛网模型：用需求曲线和供应曲线分析市场经济稳定性的图示法在经济学中称为蛛网模型。
9．群体决策：根据若干人对某些对象的决策结果，综合出这个群体的决策结果的过程称为群体决策。
10．直觉：直觉是人们对新事物本质的极敏锐的领悟、理解或推断。
11．灵感：灵感是指在人有意识或下意识思考过程中迸发出来的猜测、思路或判断。
12．想象力：指人们在原有知识基础上，将新感知的形象与记忆中的形象相互比较、重新组合、加工、处理，创造出新形象，是一种形象思维活动。
13．洞察力：指人们在充分占有资料的基础上，经过初步分析能迅速抓住主要矛盾，舍弃次要因素，简化问题的层次，对可以用那些方法解决面临的问题，以及不同方法的优劣作出判断。
建模相关专业词汇
建模是一个涉及多个领域的广泛概念，包括计算机科学、数学、物理、工程等。
以下是一些与建模相关的专业词汇：
模型（Model）：是对现实世界或抽象系统的简化表示，用于研究、分析或预测系统的行为。
数学建模（Mathematical Modeling）：使用数学语言、符号和公式来描述和解释现实世界的现象或过程。
物理建模（Physical Modeling）：通过建立物理方程和模拟物理过程来理解和预测实际系统的行为。
计算机建模（Computer Modeling）：使用计算机程序和算法来模拟和预测系统的行为。
统计建模（Statistical Modeling）：利用统计学原理和方法来建立模型，以描述和预测数据的分布和变化。
系统建模（System Modeling）：对系统的结构和行为进行建模，以了解系统的整体性能和稳定性。
仿真（Simulation）：通过模拟实际系统的运行过程，来预测系统的性能和行为。
优化建模（Optimization Modeling）：通过建立优化模型，以寻找系统性能的最优解或近似最优解。
动态建模（Dynamic Modeling）：对系统的动态行为进行建模，以了解系统随时间的变化过程。
静态建模（Static Modeling）：对系统的静态特性进行建模，以了解系统在特定条件下的性能。
以上仅是与建模相关的一些常见专业词汇，实际上建模领域涉及的词汇和概念非常广泛，具体还需根据具体的应用领域和背景进行深入了解。
数学专业词汇Aabsolute value 绝对值 accept 接受 acceptable region 接受域additivity 可加性adjusted 调整的alternative hypothesis 对立假设analysis 分析 analysis of covariance 协方差分析 analysis of variance 方差分析 arithmetic mean 算术平均值association 相关性assumption 假设assumption checking 假设检验 availability 有效度average 均值Bbalanced 平衡的band 带宽bar chart 条形图beta-distribution 贝塔分布 between groups 组间的 bias 偏倚 binomial distribution 二项分布 binomial test 二项检验Ccalculate 计算 case 个案 category 类别 center of gravity 重心 central tendency 中心趋势 chi-square distribution 卡方分布 chi-square test 卡方检验 classify 分类 cluster analysis 聚类分析coefficient 系数coefficient of correlation 相关系数collinearity 共线性column 列compare 比较comparison 对照components 构成，分量compound 复合的confidence interval 置信区间consistency 一致性 constant 常数continuous variable 连续变量control charts 控制图correlation 相关covariance 协方差 covariance matrix 协方差矩阵 critical point 临界点critical value 临界值 crosstab 列联表cubic 三次的，立方的 cubic term 三次项 cumulative distribution function 累加分布函数 curve estimation 曲线估计Ddata 数据default 默认的definition 定义deleted residual 剔除残差density function 密度函数 dependent variable 因变量 description 描述 design of experiment 试验设计deviations 差异df.(degree of freedom) 自由度diagnostic 诊断 dimension 维 discrete variable 离散变量discriminant function 判别函数 discriminatory analysis 判别分析distance 距离distribution 分布D-optimal design D-优化设计Eeaqual 相等 effects of interaction 交互效应 efficiency 有效性eigenvalue 特征值 equal size 等含量 equation 方程error 误差 estimate 估计 estimation of parameters 参数估计 estimations 估计量 evaluate 衡量 exact value 精确值expectation 期望 expected value 期望值 exponential 指数的 exponential distributon 指数分布 extreme value 极值F factor 因素，因子 factor analysis 因子分析 factor score 因子得分factorial designs 析因设计factorial experiment 析因试验 fit 拟合fitted line 拟合线 fitted value 拟合值 fixed model 固定模型 fixed variable 固定变量 fractional factorial design 部分析因设计 frequency 频数F-test F检验full factorial design 完全析因设计function 函数Ggamma distribution 伽玛分布geometric mean 几何均值group 组Hharmomic mean 调和均值 heterogeneity 不齐性histogram 直方图 homogeneity 齐性 homogeneity of variance 方差齐性hypothesis 假设 hypothesis test 假设检验Iindependence 独立independent variable 自变量independent-samples 独立样本index 指数index of correlation 相关指数interaction 交互作用interclass correlation 组内相关interval estimate 区间估计intraclass correlation 组间相关 inverse 倒数的iterate 迭代Kkernal 核 Kolmogorov-Smirnov test柯尔莫哥洛夫-斯米诺夫检验 kurtosis 峰度Llarge sample problem 大样本问题layer 层least-significant difference 最小显著差数 least-square estimation 最小二乘估计 least-square method 最小二乘法level 水平level of significance 显著性水平leverage value 中心化杠杆值life 寿命life test 寿命试验likelihood function 似然函数 likelihood ratio test 似然比检验 linear 线性的 linear estimator 线性估计linear model 线性模型linear regression 线性回归linear relation 线性关系 linear term 线性项 logarithmic 对数的logarithms 对数 logistic 逻辑的 lost function 损失函数Mmain effect 主效应 matrix 矩阵 maximum 最大值 maximum likelihood estimation 极大似然估计mean squared deviation(MSD) 均方差 mean sum of square 均方和 measure 衡量media 中位数M-estimator M估计minimum 最小值missing values 缺失值 mixed model 混合模型 mode 众数model 模型Monte Carle method 蒙特卡罗法 moving average 移动平均值multicollinearity 多元共线性multiplecomparison 多重比较multiple correlation 多重相关multiple correlation coefficient 复相关系数multiple correlation coefficient 多元相关系数 multiple regression analysis 多元回归分析 multiple regression equation 多元回归方程 multiple response 多响应 multivariate analysis 多元分析Nnegative relationship 负相关nonadditively 不可加性nonlinear 非线性nonlinear regression 非线性回归noparametric tests 非参数检验 normal distribution 正态分布 null hypothesis 零假设 number of cases 个案数Oone-sample 单样本 one-tailed test 单侧检验 one-way ANOVA 单向方差分析 one-way classification 单向分类 optimal 优化的optimum allocation 最优配制order 排序order statistics 次序统计量origin 原点orthogonal 正交的outliers 异常值Ppaired observations 成对观测数据 paired-sample 成对样本 parameter 参数parameter estimation 参数估计 partial correlation 偏相关partial correlation coefficient 偏相关系数 partial regression coefficient 偏回归系数 percent百分数percentiles 百分位数pie chart 饼图point estimate 点估计poisson distribution 泊松分布polynomial curve 多项式曲线 polynomial regression 多项式回归polynomials 多项式positive relationship 正相关power 幂P-P plot P-P概率图 predict 预测 predicted value 预测值 prediction intervals 预测区间 principal component analysis 主成分分析 proability 概率 probability density function 概率密度函数probit analysis 概率分析proportion 比例Qqadratic 二次的 Q-Q plot Q-Q概率图 quadratic term 二次项 quality control 质量控制 quantitative 数量的，度量的quartiles 四分位数Rrandom 随机的 random number 随机数 random number 随机数random sampling 随机取样 random seed 随机数种子 random variable 随机变量 randomization 随机化 range 极差 rank 秩rank correlation 秩相关rank statistic 秩统计量regression analysis 回归分析 regression coefficient 回归系数 regression line 回归线 reject 拒绝 rejection region 拒绝域 relationship 关系 reliability 可*性 repeated 重复的 report 报告，报表 residual 残差 residual sum ofsquares 剩余平方和 response 响应 risk function 风险函数robustness 稳健性 root mean square 标准差 row 行 run 游程 run test 游程检验Sample 样本 sample size 样本容量 sample space 样本空间sampling 取样 sampling inspection 抽样检验 scatter chart 散点图 S-curve S形曲线 separately 单独地 sets 集合 sign test 符号检验 significance 显著性 significance level 显著性水平 significance testing 显著性检验 significant 显著的，有效的significant digits 有效数字skewed distribution 偏态分布 skewness 偏度 small sample problem 小样本问题 smooth 平滑 sort 排序 soruces of variation 方差来源space 空间spread 扩展square 平方standard deviation 标准离差 standard error of mean 均值的标准误差standardization 标准化 standardize 标准化 statistic 统计量statistical quality control 统计质量控制std. residual 标准残差 stepwise regression analysis 逐步回归stimulus 刺激strong assumption 强假设stud. deleted residual 学生化剔除残差stud. residual 学生化残差subsamples 次级样本 sufficient statistic 充分统计量 sum 和 sum of squares 平方和 summary 概括，综述Ttable 表 t-distribution t分布 test 检验 test criterion 检验判据 test for linearity 线性检验 test of goodness of fit 拟合优度检验 test of homogeneity 齐性检验 test of independence 独立性检验test rules 检验法则test statistics 检验统计量testing function 检验函数time series 时间序列 tolerance limits 容许限 total 总共，和transformation 转换 treatment 处理 trimmed mean 截尾均值 true value 真值 t-test t检验 two-tailed test 双侧检验Uunbalanced 不平衡的unbiased estimation 无偏估计unbiasedness 无偏性 uniform distribution 均匀分布Vvalue of estimator 估计值 variable 变量 variance 方差variance components 方差分量variance ratio 方差比various 不同的 vector 向量Wweight 加权，权重 weighted average 加权平均值 within groups 组内的ZZ score Z分数2. 最优化方法词汇英汉对照表Aactive constraint 活动约束 active set method 活动集法analytic gradient 解析梯度 approximate 近似 arbitrary 强制性的 argument 变量 attainment factor 达到因子Bbandwidth 带宽 be equivalent to 等价于 best-fit 最佳拟合 bound 边界Ccoefficient 系数complex-value 复数值component 分量constant 常数constrained 有约束的constraint 约束constraint function 约束函数 continuous 连续的 converge 收敛 cubic polynomial interpolation method三次多项式插值法 curve-fitting 曲线拟合Ddata-fitting 数据拟合 default 默认的，默认的 define 定义diagonal 对角的direct search method 直接搜索法direction of search 搜索方向 discontinuous 不连续Eeigenvalue 特征值empty matrix 空矩阵equality 等式exceeded 溢出的Ffeasible 可行的feasible solution 可行解finite-difference 有限差分 first-order 一阶GGauss-Newton method 高斯-牛顿法 goal attainment problem 目标达到问题 gradient 梯度 gradient method 梯度法Hhandle 句柄 Hessian matrix 海色矩阵Independent variables 独立变量inequality 不等式infeasibility 不可行性infeasible 不可行的initial feasible solution 初始可行解 initialize 初始化 inverse 逆 invoke 激活 iteration 迭代 iteration 迭代JJacobian 雅可比矩阵LLagrange multiplier 拉格朗日乘子large-scale 大型的least square 最小二乘 least squares sense 最小二乘意义上的 Levenberg-Marquardt method 列文伯格-马夸尔特法 line search 一维搜索linear 线性的linear equality constraints 线性等式约束 linear programming problem 线性规划问题 local solution 局部解M medium-scale 中型的 minimize 最小化 mixed quadraticand cubic polynomial interpolation and extrapolation method 混合二次、三次多项式内插、外插法 multiobjective 多目标的Nnonlinear 非线性的 norm 范数Oobjective function 目标函数observed data 测量数据optimization routine 优化过程 optimize 优化 optimizer 求解器 over-determined system 超定系统Pparameter 参数partial derivatives 偏导数polynomial interpolation method 多项式插值法Qquadratic 二次的 quadratic interpolation method 二次内插法 quadratic programming 二次规划Rreal-value 实数值residuals 残差robust 稳健的robustness 稳健性，鲁棒性S scalar 标量semi-infinitely problem 半无限问题Sequential Quadratic Programming method 序列二次规划法simplex search method 单纯形法 solution 解 sparse matrix 稀疏矩阵 sparsity pattern 稀疏模式 sparsity structure 稀疏结构 starting point 初始点 step length 步长 subspace trust region method 子空间置信域法 sum-of-squares 平方和symmetric matrix 对称矩阵Ttermination message 终止信息 termination tolerance 终止容限 the exit condition 退出条件 the method of steepest descent 最速下降法 transpose 转置Uunconstrained 无约束的 under-determined system 负定系统Vvariable 变量 vector 矢量Wweighting matrix 加权矩阵3 样条词汇英汉对照表Aapproximation 逼近array 数组 a spline in b-form/b-spline b样条 a spline of polynomial piece /ppform spline 分段多项式样条Bbivariate spline function 二元样条函数 break/breaks 断点Ccoefficient/coefficients 系数 cubic interpolation 三次插值/三次内插cubic polynomial 三次多项式cubic smoothing spline 三次平滑样条cubic spline 三次样条cubic spline interpolation 三次样条插值/三次样条内插curve 曲线Ddegree of freedom 自由度 dimension 维数Eend conditions 约束条件input argument 输入参数interpolation 插值/内插 interval 取值区间Kknot/knots 节点Lleast-squares approximation 最小二乘拟合Mmultiplicity 重次 multivariate function 多元函数Ooptional argument 可选参数 order 阶次 output argument 输出参数P point/points 数据点Rrational spline 有理样条 rounding error 舍入误差（相对误差）Sscalar 标量 sequence 数列（数组） spline 样条 spline approximation 样条逼近/样条拟合spline function 样条函数spline curve 样条曲线 spline interpolation 样条插值/样条内插 spline surface 样条曲面 smoothing spline 平滑样条Ttolerance 允许精度Uunivariate function 一元函数Vvector 向量Wweight/weights 权重4 偏微分方程数值解词汇英汉对照表Aabsolute error 绝对误差absolute tolerance 绝对容限adaptive mesh 适应性网格Bboundary condition 边界条件Ccontour plot 等值线图 converge 收敛 coordinate 坐标系Ddecomposed 分解的 decomposed geometry matrix 分解几何矩阵diagonal matrix 对角矩阵Dirichlet boundary conditions Dirichlet边界条件Eeigenvalue 特征值 elliptic 椭圆形的 error estimate 误差估计 exact solution 精确解Ggeneralized Neumann boundary condition 推广的Neumann边界条件 geometry 几何形状 geometry description matrix 几何描述矩阵geometry matrix 几何矩阵graphical user interface（GUI）图形用户界面Hhyperbolic 双曲线的Iinitial mesh 初始网格Jjiggle 微调LLagrange multipliers 拉格朗日乘子 Laplace equation 拉普拉斯方程 linear interpolation 线性插值 loop 循环Mmachine precision 机器精度 mixed boundary condition 混合边界条件NNeuman boundary condition Neuman边界条件 node point 节点 nonlinear solver 非线性求解器 normal vector 法向量PParabolic 抛物线型的 partial differential equation 偏微分方程plane strain 平面应变plane stress 平面应力Poisson's equation 泊松方程polygon 多边形positive definite 正定Qquality 质量Rrefined triangular mesh 加密的三角形网格relative tolerance 相对容限 relative tolerance 相对容限 residual 残差 residual norm 残差范数Ssingular 奇异的。
数学专业英语词汇(P)p adic algebra p进代数p adic fraction p进分数p adic integer p进整数p adic number p进数p adic representation p进表示p adic system p进法p adic valuation p进赋值pack束pair对paired comparison成对比较法paired samples成双样本pairing配对pairwise两两的pairwise independent events互相独立事件paleogeometry古几何学pantograph比例画器放大器parabola抛物线parabola of order n n阶抛物线parabolic coordinates抛物线坐标parabolic curve抛物曲线parabolic cusp抛物尖点parabolic cylinder抛物柱面parabolic cylinder function抛物柱面函数parabolic differential equation抛物型微分方程parabolic folium抛物叶形线parabolic orbit抛物线轨道parabolic point抛物点parabolic regression抛物回归parabolic segment抛物线段parabolic spiral抛物螺线parabolic type抛物型parabolograph抛物图形paraboloid抛物面paraboloid of revolution回转抛物面paraboloidal coordinates抛物面坐标paracompact space仿紧空间paradox悖论paradoxical荒谬的paradoxical set不合理集合parallactic displacement视差位移parallel平行线parallel algorithm并联算法parallel angle平行角parallel axiom平行公理parallel body平行体parallel circle平行圆parallel coordinates平行坐标parallel curve平行曲线parallel displacement平行位移parallel edge平行棱parallel line平行线parallel operation并行运算parallel plane平面平行的parallel projection平行射影parallel rule平行直尺parallel shift并行进位parallel slit平行缝隙parallel slit domain平行裂纹域parallel strip平行带parallel subspace平行子空间parallel surface平行曲面parallel translation并行进位parallelepiped平行六面体parallelepipedal neighborhood平行六面体邻域parallelism平行parallelizability可平行性parallelizable可平行的parallelizable manifold可平行廖parallelizable variety可平行廖parallelogram平行四边形parallelogram axiom平行四边形公理parallelogram identity平行四边形恒等式parallelogram law平行四边形定律parallelogram of forces力的平行四边形parallelotope超平行体parallels of latitude纬度线parameter参数parameter curve参数曲线parameter group参数群parameter integral参数积分parameter representation参数表示parameter space参数空间parameter variety参数簇parametric curvature参数曲率parametric curve参数曲线parametric equation参数方程parametric estimation参数估计parametric hypothesis参数假设parametric optimal solution参数最优解parametric optimization参数最优化parametric programming参数规划parametric representation参数表示parametric surface参数曲面parametric test参数检验parametric variable参变数parametrics参数学parametrix拟基本解parametrization参数化法parametron变参数元件parastatistics仲统计法paraxial旁轴的paraxial rays旁轴光线parent population母体parenthesis圈括弧parenthesize引入括弧内parity奇偶性parity check奇偶校验parity digit奇偶校验位parseval equality帕谢互尔等式parted hyperboloid双叶双曲面partial部分的partial carry部分进位partial confounding部分混区partial correlation偏相关partial correlation coefficient偏相关系数partial cross section部分截面partial denominator偏分母partial derivative偏导数partial difference偏差partial difference equation偏差分方程partial difference quotient偏差商partial differential偏微分partial differential coefficient偏导数partial differential equation偏微分方程partial differential equation of elliptic type椭圆型偏微分方程partial differential equation of first order一阶偏微分方程partial differential equation of hyperbolic type双曲型偏微分方程partial differential equation of mixed type混合型偏微分方程partial differential equation of parabolic type抛物型偏微分方程partial differential operator偏微分算子partial differentiation偏微分法partial fraction部分分数partial fraction decomposition部分分数展开partial fraction expansion部分分数展开partial function部分函数partial functor部分函子partial graph部分图partial linear differential equation线性偏微分方程partial mapping部分映射partial matrix子阵partial numerator偏分子partial ordering偏序partial product部分积partial rank correlation coefficient偏等级相关系数partial recursive function部分递归函数partial recursive scheme部分递归格式partial regression偏回归partial subgraph部分子图partial sum部分和partially adjoint operator部分伴随算子partially computable function部分可计算的函数partially differentiable function可偏微函数partially isometric operator部分等距算子partially ordered set半序集partially ordered space半序空间particular特别的particular integral特别积分particular solution特解partition分划partition function分折函数partition of an integer整数的分拆partition of unity单位分解partition problem划分问题partly well ordered set半良序集pascal distribution帕斯卡分布pascal hexagon帕斯卡六边形pascal line帕斯卡线pascal triangle帕斯卡三角形passive被动的path道路path component道路连通区path connected space道路连通空间path matrix道路矩阵path of a projectile弹道path of integration积分路线path space道路空间pathological function病态函数pattern图形pauli matrices泡利阵payoff支付payoff function支付函数payoff matrix支付阵peak峰pearson distribution皮尔逊分布pedal垂足线pedal circle垂足圆pedal curve垂足线pedal surface垂足曲面pedal transformation垂足变换pedal triangle垂足三角形peirce decomposition皮尔斯分解penalty function罚函数penalty method补偿法pencil束pencil of circles圆束pencil of conics二次曲线束pencil of curves曲线束pencil of lines线束pencil of parallel lines平行线束pencil of planes面束pencil of spheres球束pendulum摆pentad拼五小组pentadecagon十五边形pentagon五角形pentagonal number五角数pentagonal pyramid五角锥pentagram五角星pentahedron五面体pentaspherical coordinates五球坐标percent百分率percent error百分误差percentage百分率percentile百分位数perfect cube完全立方perfect field完全域perfect form完全型perfect group完全群perfect information完全信息perfect magic square完全幻方perfect mapping完全映射perfect matching全匹配perfect number完全数perfect number of the second kind第二类完全数perfect set完备集perfect space完全空间perfect square完全平方perfectly normal space完全正规空间perigon周角perimeter周围period周期period matrix周期矩阵period of a function函数的周期period of oscillation振荡的周期period relations周期关系式period strip周期带periodic周期的periodic distribution周期广义函数periodic element周期元素periodic error周期误差periodic function周期函数periodic group周期群periodic law周期律periodic motion周期运动periodic orbit周期轨道periodic solution周期解periodic system周期系periodical decimal fraction循环十进小数periodicity周期性periodicity interval周期性区间periodicity of function函数的周期性periodogram周期图periodogram analysis周期图分析periodograph周期图periodparallelogram周期平行四边形peripheral周边的peripheral device外围设备peripheral unit外围设备periphery周边permanently convergent series永久收敛级数permissible error容许误差permissible function容许函数permissible value容许值permutation置换permutation group置换群permutation homeomorphism置换同胚permutation operator置换算子permutation without repetition无重复排列permute排列perpendicular垂直线perpendicular at midpoint垂直等分线perpendicular plane垂直面perpendicularity正交性perpetuity永久personal error个人误差personal move个人步personal probability诸概率perspective透视perspective affine figure仿射图形perspectivity透视性pert程序监定技术perturb扰动perturbation扰动perturbation function摄动函数perturbation method摄动法perturbation of linear operators线性算子的摄动perturbation parameter摄动参数perturbation theory摄动理论perturbed motion摄动运动perturbed system摄动组pfaffian equation普法夫方程phase位相phase angle相角phase boundary相界phase condition相位条件phase coordinates相坐标phase diagram平衡图phase difference相差phase integral相积分phase modulation相位灯phase plane相位平面phase shift相移phase shift analysis相移分析phase space相空间phase transition相转移phase vector相向量phase velocity相位速度phenomenon现象photogeometry摄影几何学physical constant物理常数physical coordinates of vector field向量场的物理坐标physics物理学picard exceptional value皮卡例外值picard group皮卡群picard integral皮卡积分picard manifold皮卡簇picard variety皮卡簇pictogram象形图piecewise continuity分段连续性piecewise continuous function分段连续函数piecewise differentiable function分段可微函数piecewise linear element分段线性元素piecewise linear function分段线性函数piecewise linear map分段线性映射piecewise linearization分段线性化piecewise monotonic function分段单弹数piecewise regular boundary分段正则边界piecewise regulated function分段正则函数piecewise smooth分段光滑的piecewise smooth contour分段光滑围道piecewise smooth curve分段光滑曲线pilot survey试验甸pivot知pivot column知列pivot element知pivot row枢轴行pivoting旋转place位place value位值plan of experiment实验计划planar developable surface平面可展曲面planar graph平面图planar point平面点plane平面plane angle平面角plane at infinity无穷远平面plane concave平凹的plane configuration平面构形plane convex平凸的plane coordinates面坐标plane curve平面曲线plane dihedral angle平面二面角plane domain平面域plane figure平面图形plane geometry平面几何plane graph平面图plane of coordinates坐标平面plane of incidence入射面plane of perspectivity透视平面plane of projection射影平面plane of similarity相似平面plane of support支柱的平面plane of symmetry对称面plane of the section截口平面plane projective geometry平面射影几何plane surface平曲面plane symmetry平面对称plane triangle平面三角形plane trigonometry平面三角学plane vector field平面向量场planimeter面积仪planimetry测面积学planisphere平面球形图plano concave平凹的plano convex平凸的plasticity塑性plateau problem平稳问题platykurtic distribution低峰态分布platykurtosis低峰态player局中人plurigenus多狂pluriharmonic多重低的pluriharmonic function多重低函数plurisubharmonic多重次低的plurisubharmonic function多重次低函数plurisuperharmonic多重上低的plus加plus infinity正无穷大plus sign正号poincare conjecture庞加莱猜想poincare half plane上半平面poincare lemma庞加莱引理poincare manifold庞加莱廖poincare matrix庞加菜矩阵poincare model庞加莱模型poincare series庞加莱级数point点point at infinity无穷远点point circle点圆point diagram点图表point ellipse零椭圆point equation点方程point estimation点估计point finite cover点有限覆盖point function点函数point group点群point ideal点理想point involution点列对合point lattice点格point mass点质量point measure点测度point of adherence接触点point of closure触点point of condensation凝聚点point of continuity连续点point of convergence收敛点point of determinacy确定点point of discontinuity不连续点point of divergence发散点point of division分点point of indeterminacy歧点point of infinity无穷远点point of inflection拐点point of intersection交点point of irreducibility不可约性点point of semicontinuity半连续点point of support支撑点point of tangency切点point of uniform convergence一致收敛点point pair点偶point process点过程point range点列point sequence点序列point set点集point slope form点斜式point spectrum点谱point sphere点球point symmetry点对称pointed complex有点复形pointed cone尖锥pointed set有点集pointed simplicial complex有点单纯复形pointer地址计数器pointwise bounded sequence点态有界序列pointwise continuity点态连续性pointwise continuous function点态连续函数pointwise convergence点态收敛pointwise convergent family点态收敛族pointwise convergent sequence点态收敛序列pointwise discontinuity点态不连续性pointwise monomorphism点态单射pointwise relaxation点态松弛poisson bracket泊松括号poisson distribution泊松分布poisson equation泊松方程poisson ratio泊松比poisson summation泊松求积poisson summation formula泊松求和公式polar极的polar angle极角polar axis极轴polar circle极圆polar conic极圆锥曲线polar coordinate chart极坐标图polar coordinate paper极坐标图polar coordinates极坐标polar curve配极曲线polar decomposition极分解polar developable配极可展曲面polar diagram极线图polar distance极距polar equation极方程polar form极形式polar form of complex number复数的极式polar integral equation极性积分方程polar line极线polar normal极法线polar of a quadratic form二次形式的极polar plane极面polar planimeter极面积仪polar radius极半径polar reciprocal body配极体polar set极集polar subtangent极次切距polar surface极曲面polar system极系polar tetrahedron配极四面体polar theory配极论polar triangle极三角形polar trihedral极三面形polar vector极向量polarity配极polarization identity极化恒等式polarized abelian variety配极阿贝耳簇polarized variety配极簇pole极pole of a function函数的极pole of resolvent预解式的极policy策略policy iteration策略迭代法polycylinder多圆柱polygamma function多函数polygon多角形polygon of forces力的多角形polygonal domain多角形域polygonal line折线polygonal net多角形网polygonal number多角数polygonal set多角集polyharmonic equation多重低方程polyharmonic function多重低函数polyhedral angle多面角polyhedral complex多面复形polyhedral domain多面体域polyhedral game多面体对策polyhedral group多面体群polyhedral set多面集polyhedron多面体polyhex六面体polynomial多项式polynomial approximation多项式近似polynomial coefficient多项式系数polynomial distribution多项分布polynomial equation多项式方程polynomial expansion多项展开式polynomial game多项式对策polynomial model多项式模型polynomial of a variable一变量多项式polynomial of best approximation最佳逼近多项式polynomial of degree n n次多项式polynomial of n th degree n次多项式polynomial polyhedron多项式多面体polynomial representation多项式表示polynomial ring多项式环polynomial solution多项式解polynomial theorem多项式定理polynomial trend多项式瞧polytropic curve多变曲线polytropic line多变曲线pontryagin maximum principle庞特里雅金极大原理pooled error合并误差population母体population genetics总体遗传学population mean总体均值population parameter总体参数population statistics人口统计position位置position function位置函数position of a relative maximum相对极大点position of an extremum极值点position parameter位置参数position vector位置向量positional game位置对策positional notation位置记数法positive angle正角positive component正分量positive cone正锥positive correlation正相关positive definite eigenvalue problem正定特盏问题positive definite form正定型positive definite kernel正定核positive definite matrix正定矩阵positive definite operator正定算子positive definite quadratic form正定二次型positive direction正方向positive function正函数positive integer自然数positive linear operator正线性算子positive logic正逻辑positive matrix正阵positive number正数positive operator正算子positive part正部分positive real function正实函数positive real number正实数positive root正根positive semidefinite form半正定型positive semidefinite matrix非负半正定阵positive sign正号positive term series正项级数positive variation正变差positively definite eigenvalue problem正定特盏问题positively definite sequence of numbers正定数列positively definite variational problem正定变分问题positively related正相关的possibility可能性posterior distribution后验分布posterior probability后验概率postnikov system波斯特尼科夫系postulate公设postulation假定potency基数potency of a set集的势potential位势potential difference位势差potential energy势能potential field位势场potential flow位势流potential function位势函数potential gradient位势梯度potential infinity潜无穷potential scattering位势散射potential theoretical位势论的potential theory位势论power幂power associative algebra幂结合代数power density谱线密度power expansion按幂展开power exponent幂指数power function幂函数;功效函数power mean幂平匀power of set集的势power residue symbol幂剩余符号power series幂级数power series expansion幂级数展开power series method幂级数法power series ring幂级数环power set幂集power spectrum功率谱practical unit实用单位pre hilbert norm准希耳伯特模pre hilbert space准希耳伯特空间preadditive category预加性范畴precession进动precise精确的precision精度precompact linear mapping准紧线性映射precompact set准紧集precompact space准紧空间precompactness准紧性predecessor前趋predecessor function前钳数predicate谓词predicate calculus谓词演算predicate calculus of the third order三阶谓词演算predicate calculus with identity带恒等式的谓词演算predicate constant谓词常数predicate logic谓词演算predicate symbol谓词符号predicate variable谓词变项prediction law预报律prediction theory预报理论predictor预示predictor corrector method预示校正法predual预对偶preference relation选择关系preference testing选择检验prefix前束prehistory履历preimage逆象premise前提prenex formula前束式prenex normal form前束范式preorder拟序preradical预根式prescheme前概型preservation保存preserve保存preset parameter预置参数presheaf预层pressure压力presume假定presumption假定presuppose假定presupposition假定price价格primal problem原始问题primal simplex method原来单形法primal solution原来问题解primal variable原来变量primary abelian group准素阿贝耳群primary component准素分支primary decomposition原始分解primary difference第一差别类primary ideal准素理想primary minimum肢小primary obstruction第一障碍类primary ring准素环primary submodule准素子模prime component素分量prime conjunction素连接prime divisor素因子prime dual ideal素对偶理想prime element素元prime factor素因数prime factorization素因子分解prime field素域prime filter素滤子prime formula原始公式prime graph素图prime ideal素理想prime ideal theorem素理想定理prime number素数prime number problem素数问题prime number theorem素数定理prime pair素数对prime polynomial素多项式prime polynomial ideal素多项式理想prime power素数幂prime spot素点primitive cohomology原始上同调primitive element本原元素primitive equation本原方程primitive function原函数primitive group本原群primitive idempotent element本原幂等元素primitive period原始周期primitive period parallelogram原始周期平行四边形primitive period system原始周期primitive periods原始周期primitive polynomial本原多项式primitive recursive attribute原始递归属性primitive recursive function原始递归函数primitive recursive isomorphism原始递归同构primitive recursive predicate原始递归渭词primitive root原根principal adele症代尔principal anti automorphism执自同构principal axes of stress应力轴principal axis轴principal axis transformation轴变换principal branch殖principal branch of general power一般幂的枝principal branch of natural logarithm自然对数的枝principal branch of radical根基的枝principal bundle衷principal character重贞principal circle植principal coincidence curve筑合素曲线principal component种量principal congruence subgroup脂余子群principal curvature助率principal curve助线principal diagonal衷角线principal direction纸向principal distribution parameter种布参数principal divisor烛子principal factor烛子principal fibration炙维化principal filter炙子principal fractionary ideal种式理想principal genus竹principal ideal猪想principal ideal domain猪想整环principal ideal ring猪想环principal ideal theorem猪想定理principal isobaric surfaces标准等压面principal map殖射principal matrix重阵principal maximum肢小principal minor钟行列式principal moment of inertia知动惯量principal normal吱线principal normal bundle吱线丛principal normal vector吱线向量principal part挚principal part of laurent series罗郎级数的挚principal plane纸面principal point帚principal series烛列principal solution肘principal surface助面principal tangent中线principal term诸principal trace郑principal uniformization芝值化principal value值principal value of argument辐角的值principal value of integral积分的值principal value of power幂的值principal value of radical根基的值principal variable咒数principle原理principle of abstraction抽象原理principle of balayage扫除原理principle of choice选择公理principle of comparison比较原理principle of continuity连续原理principle of correspondence对应原则principle of counting constants常数计数原理principle of domination优势原理principle of duality对偶原理principle of energy能量原理principle of equilibrium平衡原理principle of harmonic measure低测度原理principle of indeterminancy测不准原理principle of least action最小酌原理principle of least curvature最小曲率原理principle of mathematical induction数学归纳法原理principle of reflection反射原理principle of relativization相对化原理principle of transfinite induction超限归纳原理principle of variation变分原理principle of virtual displacement虚位移原理prior distribution先验分布prior probability先验概率prism角柱prismatic棱柱的prismatic surface棱柱曲面prismatoid旁面三角台prismoidal formula似棱体公式pro finite group射有限群probabilistic概率的probabilistic method in statistical mechanics统计力学中的概率方法probability概率probability curve概率曲线probability density概率密度probability distribution概率分布probability distribution function分布函数probability element概率元素probability field概率场probability function概率函数probability generating function概率母函数probability integral概率积分probability matrix随机阵probability measure概率测度probability model随机性模型probability of occurrence事件概率probability paper概率纸probability sampling概率抽样probability space概率空间probability theory概率论probability unit概率单位probability vector概率向量probable deviation概差probable ellipse概率椭圆probable ellipsoid概率椭球probable error概差probit概率单位probit analysis概率单位分析problem of contact接触问题problem of fixed points不动点问题problem of geometrical construction几何准问题problem of moments矩问题problem of prime twins孪生素数问题problem on obstacle障碍问题process过程process control过程控制process with independent increments独立增量过程processing处理producer's risk厂方风险product积product algebra积代数product bundle积丛product category积范畴product complex积复形product directed set积有向集product formula乘积公式product integral乘积积分product mapping积映射product measure乘积测度product metric乘积度量product module积模product moment积矩product moment correlation积矩相关product of events事件的积product of relation关系的积product preserving functor积保存函子product representation of equation方程的积表示product series积级数product set积集product sign乘号product space积空间product topology积拓扑product transformation积变换product uniformity积一致性product variety积簇production生成profit利益program程序program library程序库program parameter程序参数program register程序寄存器program tape程序带program test程序检验programmer程序设计员programming程序设计progression级数project射影projecting cone射影锥projecting plane射影面projection射影projection gradient method投影梯度法projection matrix射影矩阵projection plane射影平面projective algebraic variety射影代数簇projective arc length射影弧长projective collineation射影直射变换projective cone射影锥projective conic射影圆锥曲线projective connection射影联络projective coordinate system射影坐标系projective coordinates射影坐标projective cover射影覆盖projective curvature tensor射影曲率张量projective deformation射影变形projective differential geometry射影微分几何学projective dimension射影维数projective general linear group射影一般线性群projective generation射影产生projective geometry射影几何学projective group射影群projective limit逆向极限projective line射影直线projective line element射影线元projective mapping射影映射projective metric射影度量projective minimal surface射影极小曲面projective module射影模projective normal射影法线projective object射影对象projective parameter射影参数projective pencil of lines射影线束projective plane射影平面projective principal normal射影吱线projective property射影性质projective quadric射影二次曲面projective relation射影关系projective representation射影表示projective set射影集合projective space射影空间projective tensor射影张量projective theorem射影定理projective transformation射影变换projective variety射影簇projective vector射影向量projectively flat space射影平坦空间projectivity射影关系projector射影算子prolate cycloid长辐旋轮线prolate ellipsoid长椭球prolate spheroid长椭球prolongation开拓promotion of convergence收敛的促进proof证明proof of existence存在证明proof theory证蜜propagation传播propagation of errors误差传播proper class本原元素proper convex body固有凸体proper convex function特展函数proper divergence定发散proper dual ideal固有对偶理想proper face真面proper factor真因子proper factor group真剩余群proper fraction真分数proper fractional function真分数函数proper frequency固有频率proper function特寨数proper lorentz group正常洛伦茨群proper morphism真射proper motion固有运动proper movement固有运动proper orthogonal group特殊正交群proper orthogonal matrix特正交矩阵proper point固有点proper point of inflection固有变曲点proper quadric真二次曲面proper subgraph真子图proper subgroup真子群proper subset真子集proper subspace本沼空间proper value特盏proper vector特镇量properly discontinuous纯不连续的properly discontinuous group纯不连续群properly divergent sequence正常发散序列properly divergent series正常发散级数proportion比例proportional比例的proportional allocation比例配置proportional compasses比例规proportional component比例分量proportional counter正比计数器proportional part比例部分proportional quantities比例量proportional region正比区proportional sampling比例抽样proportionality比例proportionality coefficient比例系数proportionality factor比例系数proportionality limit比例极限proposition命题propositional algebra命题代数propositional calculus命题演算propositional connective命题联结词propositional function命题函数propositional inference命题推演propositional logic命题逻辑propositional variable命题变元protractor量角器分度规provability可证迷provable可证媚;可证的provable formula可证公式prove证明论证proximity附近proximity relation邻近关系proximity space邻近空间pseudo abelian category伪阿贝耳范畴pseudo euclidean space伪欧几里得空间pseudo random number伪随机数pseudo tensor伪张量pseudoanalytic function伪解析函数pseudoarc伪弧pseudobasis伪基pseudocatenary伪悬链线pseudocatenoid伪悬链曲面pseudocode伪码pseudocoherent sheaf伪凝聚层pseudocompact伪紧的pseudocomplement伪余pseudocomplemented lattice伪有余格pseudocomplex manifold伪复廖pseudoconformal geometry伪保角几何pseudoconformal mapping伪保角映射pseudoconvex伪凸的pseudoconvex domain伪凸域pseudoconvex function伪凸函数pseudoconvexity伪凸性pseudocycle伪循环pseudocycloid伪旋轮线pseudodifferential operator伪微分算子pseudodistance伪距离pseudoelliptic function伪椭圆函数pseudoelliptic integral伪椭圆积分pseudofunctor伪函子pseudogroup of transformations伪变换群pseudoharmonic function伪低函数pseudoinverse operator伪逆算子pseudomanifold伪廖pseudomeasure伪测度pseudometric伪度量pseudometric space伪度量空间pseudometric uniformity伪度量一致性pseudometrizable uniform space伪可度量化的一致空间pseudonorm伪范数pseudonormed space伪赋范空间pseudoperiod伪周期pseudoperiodic function伪周期函数pseudoprime number伪素数pseudoproduct伪积pseudorandom number伪随机数pseudorecurrence伪递推pseudoscalar伪纯量pseudoscalar coupling伪标量耦合pseudosphere伪球面pseudospherical space伪球形空间pseudospherical surface伪球形曲面pseudospiral伪螺线pseudotensor伪张量pseudotractrix伪曳物线pseudotriangle伪三角形pseudovaluation伪赋值pseudovector伪向量psi function双函数psychometrics计量心理学puiseux series皮瑟级数pulsation脉动pulse脉冲pulse length脉冲长度punch card穿孔卡片punch position穿孔位置punch tape穿孔带punched hole穿孔punctured disk有孔圆盘puppe exact sequence普佩正合序列pure complex纯复形pure continuous spectrum纯连续谱pure geometry综合几何学pure mathematics抽象数学pure point spectrum纯离散谱pure predicate calculus of first order一阶纯谓词演算pure set theory一般集合论pure state纯状态pure strategy纯策略pure surd纯不尽根purely discrete spectrum纯离散谱purely imaginary number虚数purely inseparable纯不可分的purely inseparable element纯不可分元素purely inseparable extension纯不可分扩张purely transcendental extension纯超越扩张pursuit curve追踪曲线pyramid角锥pyramidal角锥的pyramidal surface棱锥曲面pythagoras theorem毕达哥拉斯定理pythagorean field毕达哥拉斯域pythagorean numbers毕达哥拉斯数。
高等数学教材专用词汇高等数学是大学数学的一门重要课程，它包含了许多专用的数学术语和概念。
掌握这些专用词汇对于学习和理解高等数学知识非常重要。
在本文中，我们将介绍一些常见的高等数学教材专用词汇，并对其进行简要解释。
1. 极限（limit）在高等数学中，极限是一个基本概念。
它描述了当自变量趋向某个值时，函数的变化趋势。
极限基本符号为lim，表示当自变量x趋近于某个值a时，函数f(x)趋近于某个值L。
2. 微积分（calculus）微积分是高等数学的核心内容之一，由导数和积分组成。
导数描述了函数在某一点处的变化率，积分描述了函数在一定区间上的累积效应。
微积分被广泛应用于自然科学、工程学和经济学等领域。
3. 导数（derivative）导数是描述函数变化率的工具，它可以反映函数在某一点处的斜率。
导数常用符号为f'(x)，表示函数f(x)的导数。
导数在高等数学中有着广泛的应用，如求解最值、判断函数的变化趋势等。
4. 积分（integral）积分是求解函数在一定区间上的累积效应的工具。
积分的符号为∫，表示对函数进行积分运算。
根据不同的情况，积分分为不定积分和定积分两种形式。
积分在求解曲线下的面积、计算变量的平均值等方面具有重要应用。
5. 无穷大（infinity）无穷大表示一个数的大小超过任何有限数的概念。
在高等数学中，我们将无穷大用符号∞表示。
无穷大是描述极限的重要概念，它可以用来表示函数在某一点或在无穷远处的极限。
6. 一阶导数（first derivative）一阶导数是函数的导数的一种特殊形式，它描述了函数的变化率。
一阶导数也称为函数的斜率，它可以告诉我们函数在某一点上是向上增加还是向下减少。
7. 二阶导数（second derivative）二阶导数是函数的一阶导数的导数，它描述了函数的变化率的变化率。
二阶导数可以帮助我们判断函数的凸凹性，即函数曲线是向上凸起还是向下凹陷。
8. 偏导数（partial derivative）偏导数是多变量函数中的导数的一种形式。
数学专业英语词汇(F)f distribution f分布f ratio 方差比f space f空间f test f检定face 面face centered 面心的face centered cubic 面心立方体的face of a polyhedron 多面体面face operator 面算子factor 因子factor analysis 因子分析factor combination 因子组合factor group 商群factor groupoid 商广群factor loading 因子载荷factor matrix 因子矩阵factor model 因子模型factor module 商模factor of a polynomial 多项式的因子factor of proportionality 比例系数factor out 提出撰因子factor ring 商环factor set 商集factor space 商空间factor system 因子组factor theorem 因子定理factorability 因子可分解性factorable 可因子分解的factorial 阶乘factorial cumulant 阶乘累积量factorial design 因子设计factorial experiment 析因实验factorial notation 阶乘记号factorial of an integer 整数的阶乘factorial polynomial 阶乘多项式factorial series 阶乘级数factoring 因式分解factorizable 可因子分解的factorization 因式分解factorization method 因子分解方法factorization theorem 因子分解定理factorize 因子分解fair game 适当对策faithful anti representation 一一反表示faithful functor 一一的函子faithful module 一一的模faithful representation 一一表示faithfully flat ring 一一平坦环false 假的false conclusion 假结论family 族family of curves 曲线族family of elements 元素族family of functions 函数族family of orthogonal curves 正交曲线族family of planes 平面族family of sets 集族family of solutions 解族family of surfaces 曲面族fan 扇形farey series 法雷级数fast fourier transformation 快速傅里叶变换fatou lemma 法都引理favorable case 有利情形favorable event 有利事件feasible base 可行基feasible constraint 可行约束feasible control 可行控制feasible direction 可行方向feasible point 可行点feasible region 可行区域feasible restriction 可行约束feasible solution 可行解feeble solution 弱解fermat last theorem 费马最后定理fermat number 费马数fermat spiral 费马螺线fermat theorem 费马定理feynman integral 费曼积分fiber 纤维fiber bundle 纤维丛fiber map 纤维映射fiber preserving mapping 保纤映射fiber space 纤维空间fibonacci number 斐波那契数fibring 纤维空间fiducial distribution 置信分布fiducial estimation 置信估计fiducial inference 置信推理fiducial limit 置信限fiducial probability 置信概率fiducial region 置信区域field 域;场field of algebraic functions 代数函数域field of constants 常数域field of definition 定义域field of events 事件场field of extremals 极值曲线场field of forces 力场field of numbers 数域field of rational functions 有理函数域field of rationals 有理数域field of real numbers 实数域field of scalars 系数域field of sets 集域field theory 域论;场论figure 图形filter 滤子filter base 滤子基filtered category 滤子化范畴filtered degree 滤子化次数filtered group 过滤群filtering 过滤filtration 过滤final decision 最后判决final functor 尾函子final state 终态final topology 终拓扑fine sheaf 强层fine topology 细拓扑fineness 细度finer topology 较细拓扑finish time 终止时间finite automaton 有限自动机finite base 有限基finite cardinal 有限基数finite constructibility 有限可构成性finite continued fraction 有限连分数finite cyclic group 有限循环群finite definability 有限可定义性finite difference approximation 有限差分逼近finite difference equation 有限差分方程finite dimensional 有限维的finite dimensional extension field 有限维扩张域finite dimensional operator 有限维算子finite discontinuity 有限不连续性finite element method 有限元法finite equation 有限方程finite extension 有限维扩张域finite field 有限域finite function 有限函数finite game 有限对策finite group 有限群finite induction 有限归纳法finite mathematics 有限数学finite measure 有限测度finite model 有限模型finite multiplier 有限乘数finite nilpotent group 有限幂零群finite number plane 有限数平面finite ordinal number 有限序数finite part 有限部分finite partition 有限划分finite point 有限点finite presentation 有限表示finite progression 有限级数finite quantity 有限量finite sequence 有限序列finite series 有限级数finite set 有限集finite sum 有限和finite valued function 有限值函数finitely additive 有限加性的finitely additive measure 有限加性测度finitely cocomplete category 有限共完全范畴finitely complete category 有限完全范畴finitely generatable vector space 有限可生成向量空间finitely generated abelian group 有限生成阿贝耳群finitely generated algebra 有限生成代数finitely generated extension field 有限生成扩张域finitely generated group 有限生成群finitely generated ideal 有限生成理想finitely generated module 有限生成模finitely presented 有限出现的finitely presented group 有限出现群finitely representable 有限可表示的finitely valued function 有限值函数finiteness 有限性finiteness principle 有限性原理finiteness theorem 有限性原理finsler manifold 芬斯莱廖first approximation 首次近似first axiom of countability 第一可数性公理first boundary condition 狄利克雷边界条件first boundary value problem 狄利克雷问题first class 第一类first comparison test 第一比较检验first derivative 一阶导数first fundamental form 第一基本形式first fundamental form of surface 曲面的第一基本形式first integral 初积分first isomorphism theorem 同态定理first mean value theorem 平均值定理first obstruction 第一障碍类first order theory 一阶理论first quadrant 第一象限first quartile 第一四分位数first term 首项first theorem of the mean 第一平均值定理fisher z distribution 费歇耳z分布fitted curve 拟合曲线fitting 拟合five color theorem 五色定理five figure 五位数的five point finite difference scheme 五点有限差分格式five sided 五面的fix 固定fixed element 不变元fixed error 偏倚fixed point 定点fixed point calculation 定点计算fixed point method 不动点法fixed point of mapping 映射的不动点fixed point representation 定点表示法fixed point theorem 不动点定理fixed sample 固定样本fixed vector 固定向量flabby resolution 松弛分解flabby sheaf 散射层flag 旗flag manifold 旗廖flat morphism 平坦射flat point 平坦点flat space 平坦空间flat surface 平面flatness 平坦性flecnode 拐结点flex 拐点floating point 浮点floating point calculation 浮点记数法floating point notation 浮点记数法floating point representation 浮点记数法flow 流flow line 吝flow of scalar field 纯量场的流flow problem 潦题fluctuation 起状fluent 变数fluid 铃fluid dynamics 铃动力学fluid mechanics 铃力学flux 量flux of the vector 量fluxion 导数focal axis 焦轴focal chord 焦弦focal circle 焦圆focal conic 焦点圆锥曲线focal distance 焦距focal length 焦距focal line 焦线focal plane 焦平面focal point 焦点focal radius 焦半径focal strip 焦带focal surface 焦曲面focus 焦点focus of a parabola 抛物线的焦点fold singularity 折奇性folding 卷积foliated manifold 叶状廖foliation 叶状结构folium 叶形线folium of descartes 笛卡儿叶形线follow 跟foot 垂足foot of a perpendicular 垂足force 力force function 力函数force of gravity 重力force of inertia 惯性力force polygon 力的多角形force triangle 力三角形force vector 力向量forced oscillation 受迫振动forced vibration 受迫振动forcing method 力迫法forecasting 预报form 形式formal 形式的formal derivative 形式导数formal language 形式语言formal logic 形式逻辑formal model 形式模型formal power series 形式幂级数formal system 形式系统formally real field 形式实域formation 形成formation rule 形成规则formless 无形状的formula 公式formula language 公式语言formula of computation 计算公式formula of propositional logic 命题逻辑公式formulate 公式化formulation 用公式表示forward difference 前向差分forward difference operator 前向差分算子forward difference quotient 前向差商forward solution 前向解法foundation 基础foundation of geometry 几何基础foundations of geometry 几何基础foundations of mathematics 数学基础four address 四地址的four address instruction 四地址指令four color conjecture 四色猜想four color problem 四色问题four color theorem 四色定理four digit 四位的four dimensional 四维的four dimensionality 四维性four fold table 四重表four vector 四元向量four vertex theorem 四顶点定理fourier analysis 傅里叶分析fourier analyzer 傅里叶分析仪fourier bessel series 傅里叶贝塞耳级数fourier bessel transformation 汉克尔变换fourier coefficient 傅里叶系数fourier cosine transform 傅里叶余弦变换fourier expansion 傅里叶展开fourier integral 傅里叶积分fourier integral equation 傅里叶积分方程fourier integral theorem 傅里叶积分定理fourier kernel 傅里叶核fourier series 傅里叶级数fourier sine transform 傅里叶正弦变换fourier synthesis 傅里叶综合法fourier transform 傅里叶变换fourierstieltjes transform 傅里叶斯蒂尔吉斯变换fractal 分形fractal dimension 分形维数fraction 分数fraction in lowest terms 最简分数fractional derivative 分数导数fractional equation 分数方程fractional exponent 分式指数fractional function 分数函数fractional ideal 分式理想fractional integral 分数次积分fractional number 分数fractional part 分数部分fractional rational function 分数有理函数fractional replication 分数配置fractionary ideal 分式理想frame 架frechet derivative 弗雷谢导数frechet differentiable function 弗莱谢可微函数frechet differential 弗雷谢微分frechet space f空间fredholm alternative 弗雷德霍姆择一fredholm alternative theorem 弗雷德霍姆择一定理fredholm determinant 弗雷德霍姆行列式fredholm integral equation 弗雷德霍姆积分方程fredholm operator 弗雷德霍姆算子fredholm point 弗雷德霍姆点fredholm radius 弗雷德霍姆半径fredholm type integral equation 弗雷德霍姆型积分方程free decision variable 自由决策变量free end 自由端free group 自由群free groupoid 自由广群free index 自由指标free liberty 自由可动性free mobility 自由可动性free monoid 自由独异点free optimization problem 自由最优化问题free product 自由积free semigroup 自由半群free subscript 自由添标free ultrafilter 自由超滤子free variable 自由变量free vector 自由向量frequency 频率frequency curve 频率曲线frequency diagram 频率图frequency distribution 频率分布frequency function 频率函数frequency polygon 频数多边形frequency theory of probability 概率的频率论fresnel integral 菲涅耳积分friction 摩擦frobenius algebra 弗罗宾尼斯代数frobenius automorphism 弗罗宾尼斯自同构frobenius group 弗罗宾尼斯群front 前面frontier 边界frontier point 边界点frustum of a paraboloid 平截头抛物面体frustum of cone 平截头圆锥体frustum of pyramid 截棱锥fubini theorem 富比尼定理fuchsian function 富克斯函数fuchsian group 富克斯群fulcrum 支点full inhomogeneous lorentz group 完全非齐次洛伦茨群full line 实线full linear group 全线性群full solid angle 完全立体角full subcategory 完全子范畴full unimodular group 完全幺模群fully faithful 完全一一的fully faithful functor 完全一一函子fully normal space 仿紧空间fully reducible star body 完全可约星形体fully transitive group 全可迁群function 函数function algebra 函数代数function chart 函数尺function code 操纂function constant 函数常数function continuous on the right 右连续函数function field 函数域function of bounded variation 有界变差函数function of class 类函数function of complex variable 复变函数function of confluent type 合镣函数function of function 合成函数function of n variables n元函数function of one variable 一元函数function of several real variables 多实元函数function of several variables 多元函数function of third order 三阶函数function of unbounded variation 无界变差函数function representation 函数表示function sequence 函数序列function series 函数级数function space 函数空间function symbol of n arguments n变数函数符号function theoretic 函数论的function theoretic null set 函数论的零集function theory 函数论function value 函数值function variable 函数变数functional 泛函functional analysis 泛函分析functional calculus 函项演算functional constant 函数常数functional dependence 函数相关functional determinant 函数行列式functional differential equation 泛函微分方程functional equation 函数方程functional expression 函数式functional matrix 函数矩阵functional relation 函数关系functional scale 函数尺functional space 函数空间functional symbol 函数符号functional transformation 泛函变换functionelement 函数元素functor 函子fundamental 基本的fundamental class 基本类fundamental cocycle 基本上循环fundamental conjunction 基本合取fundamental constants 基本常数fundamental curve 基本曲线fundamental cycle 基本闭链fundamental determinant 基本行列式fundamental discriminant 基本判别式fundamental domain 基本域fundamental element 基本元素fundamental equations 基本方程fundamental form 基本形式fundamental formulae 基本公式fundamental frequency 基频fundamental function 特寨数fundamental group 基本群fundamental groupoid 基本广群fundamental homology class 基本同掂fundamental identity 基本恒等式fundamental invariant 基本不变量fundamental law 基本律fundamental lemma 基本引理fundamental lemma of calculus of variation 变分法的基本引理fundamental matrix 基本矩阵fundamental net 基本有向点族fundamental parallelepipedon 基本平行六面体fundamental period 基本周期fundamental period parallellogram 基本周期平行四边形fundamental period parallelogram 原始周期平行四边形fundamental point 基本点fundamental polygon 基本多角形fundamental sequence 柯悟列fundamental set 基本集fundamental solution 基本解fundamental surface 基本曲面fundamental system of solutions 基本解组fundamental tensor 基本张量fundamental tetrahedron 基本四面体fundamental theorem 基本定理fundamental theorem of algebra 代数基本定理fundamental theorem of calculus 微积分基本定理fundamental transformation 基本变换fundamental unit 基本单位fundamentals 原理fuzzy set 模糊集。
算法常用术语中英对照算法常用术语中英对照Data Structures 基本数据结构Dictionaries 字典Priority Queues 堆Graph Data Structures 图Set Data Structures 集合Kd-Trees 线段树Numerical Problems 数值问题Solving Linear Equations 线性方程组Bandwidth Reduction 带宽压缩Matrix Multiplication 矩阵乘法Determinants and Permanents 行列式Constrained and Unconstrained Optimization 最值问题Linear Programming 线性规划Random Number Generation 随机数生成Factoring and Primality Testing 因子分解/质数判定Arbitrary Precision Arithmetic 高精度计算Knapsack Problem 背包问题Discrete Fourier Transform 离散Fourier变换Combinatorial Problems 组合问题Sorting 排序Searching 查找Median and Selection 中位数Generating Permutations 排列生成Generating Subsets 子集生成Generating Partitions 划分生成Generating Graphs 图的生成Calendrical Calculations 日期Job Scheduling 工程安排Satisfiability 可满足性Graph Problems -- polynomial 图论-多项式算法Connected Components 连通分支Topological Sorting 拓扑排序Minimum Spanning Tree 最小生成树Shortest Path 最短路径Transitive Closure and Reduction 传递闭包Matching 匹配Eulerian Cycle / Chinese Postman Euler回路/中国邮路Edge and Vertex Connectivity 割边/割点Network Flow 网络流Drawing Graphs Nicely 图的描绘Drawing Trees 树的描绘Planarity Detection and Embedding 平面性检测和嵌入Graph Problems -- hard 图论-NP问题Clique 最大团Independent Set 独立集Vertex Cover 点覆盖Traveling Salesman Problem 旅行商问题Hamiltonian Cycle Hamilton回路Graph Partition 图的划分Vertex Coloring 点染色Edge Coloring 边染色Graph Isomorphism 同构Steiner Tree Steiner树Feedback Edge/Vertex Set 最大无环子图Computational Geometry 计算几何Convex Hull 凸包Triangulation 三角剖分Voronoi Diagrams Voronoi图Nearest Neighbor Search 最近点对查询Range Search 范围查询Point Location 位置查询Intersection Detection 碰撞测试Bin Packing 装箱问题Medial-Axis Transformation 中轴变换Polygon Partitioning 多边形分割Simplifying Polygons 多边形化简Shape Similarity 相似多边形Motion Planning 运动规划Maintaining Line Arrangements 平面分割Minkowski Sum Minkowski和Set and String Problems 集合与串的问题Set Cover 集合覆盖Set Packing 集合配置String Matching 模式匹配Approximate String Matching 模糊匹配Text Compression 压缩Cryptography 密码Finite State Machine Minimization 有穷自动机简化Longest Common Substring 最长公共子串Shortest Common Superstring 最短公共父串robustness 鲁棒性rate of convergence 收敛速度数据结构方面数据结构基本英语词汇数据抽象 data abstraction数据元素 data element数据对象 data object数据项 data item数据类型 data type抽象数据类型 abstract data type逻辑结构 logical structure物理结构 phyical structure线性结构 linear structure非线性结构 nonlinear structure基本数据类型 atomic data type固定聚合数据类型 fixed-aggregate data type可变聚合数据类型 variable-aggregate data type 线性表 linear list栈 stack队列 queue串 string数组 array树 tree图 grabh查找，线索 searching更新 updating排序（分类) sorting插入 insertion删除 deletion前趋 predecessor后继 successor直接前趋 immediate predecessor直接后继 immediate successor双端列表 deque(double-ended queue)循环队列 cirular queue指针 pointer先进先出表（队列）first-in first-out list后进先出表（队列）last-in first-out list栈底 bottom栈定 top弹出 pop队头 front队尾 rear上溢 overflow下溢 underflow数组 array矩阵 matrix多维数组 multi-dimentional array以行为主的顺序分配 row major order以列为主的顺序分配 column major order 三角矩阵 truangular matrix对称矩阵 symmetric matrix稀疏矩阵 sparse matrix转置矩阵 transposed matrix链表 linked list线性链表 linear linked list单链表 single linked list多重链表 multilinked list循环链表 circular linked list双向链表 doubly linked list十字链表 orthogonal list广义表 generalized list链 link指针域 pointer field链域 link field头结点 head node头指针 head pointer尾指针 tail pointer串 string空白（空格）串 blank string空串（零串）null string子串 substring树 tree子树 subtree森林 forest根 root叶子 leaf结点 node深度 depth双亲 parents孩子 children兄弟 brother祖先 ancestor子孙 descentdant二叉树 binary tree平衡二叉树 banlanced binary tree 满二叉树 full binary tree完全二叉树 complete binary tree遍历二叉树 traversing binary tree 二叉排序树 binary sort tree二叉查找树 binary search tree线索二叉树 threaded binary tree哈夫曼树 Huffman tree有序数 ordered tree无序数 unordered tree判定树 decision tree双链树 doubly linked tree数字查找树 digital search tree树的遍历 traversal of tree先序遍历 preorder traversal中序遍历 inorder traversal后序遍历 postorder traversal图 graph子图 subgraph有向图 digraph(directed graph)无向图 undigraph(undirected graph) 完全图 complete graph连通图 connected graph非连通图 unconnected graph强连通图 strongly connected graph 弱连通图 weakly connected graph加权图 weighted graph有向无环图 directed acyclic graph 稀疏图 spares graph稠密图 dense graph重连通图 biconnected graph二部图 bipartite graph边 edge弧 arc路径 path回路（环）cycle弧头 head弧尾 tail源点 source终点 destination汇点 sink权 weight连接点 articulation point初始结点 initial node终端结点 terminal node相邻边 adjacent edge相邻顶点 adjacent vertex关联边 incident edge入度 indegree出度 outdegree最短路径 shortest path有序对 ordered pair无序对 unordered pair简单路径 simple path简单回路 simple cycle连通分量 connected component邻接矩阵 adjacency matrix邻接表 adjacency list邻接多重表 adjacency multilist遍历图 traversing graph生成树 spanning tree最小（代价）生成树 minimum(cost)spanning tree 生成森林 spanning forest拓扑排序 topological sort偏序 partical order拓扑有序 topological orderAOV网 activity on vertex networkAOE网 activity on edge network关键路径 critical path匹配 matching最大匹配 maximum matching增广路径 augmenting path增广路径图 augmenting path graph查找 searching线性查找（顺序查找）linear search (sequential search) 二分查找 binary search分块查找 block search散列查找 hash search平均查找长度 average search length散列表 hash table散列函数 hash funticion直接定址法 immediately allocating method数字分析法 digital analysis method平方取中法 mid-square method折叠法 folding method除法 division method随机数法 random number method排序 sort内部排序 internal sort外部排序 external sort插入排序 insertion sort随小增量排序 diminishing increment sort选择排序 selection sort堆排序 heap sort快速排序 quick sort归并排序 merge sort基数排序 radix sort外部排序 external sort平衡归并排序 balance merging sort二路平衡归并排序 balance two-way merging sort多步归并排序 ployphase merging sort置换选择排序 replacement selection sort文件 file主文件 master file顺序文件 sequential file索引文件 indexed file索引顺序文件 indexed sequential file索引非顺序文件 indexed non-sequential file直接存取文件 direct access file多重链表文件 multilist file倒排文件 inverted file目录结构 directory structure树型索引 tree index。
