当代研究生英语读写教程下册英语复习-选择题

当代研究生英语课后答案-部分（第一章到第五章）①Born to Surf (The web magazine From the Window-----)1.even2.as3.that4.won5.annually6.by7.they8.virtual9.because10.simply 11.across 12.still 13.exactly14.concern15.response 16.access17.to18.led 19.between 20.place②（When you can e-mail your colleagues form the comfort--）1.viewed2.almost3.even4.lower5.means6.reality7.become8.like9.grow 10.proving 11.status 12.afford 13.faced 14.necessarily 15.disciplined 16.longer 17.own 18.schedule19.taking 20.until③（When 1998 began, East Africa should have-----）1.been2.raise3.spread out4.dying of5.began6.caused7.According to8.up to9.as 10.unusual 11.be linked to 12.of course13.however e onto 15.ranging④（We may roughly classify the speaker of English into----）1.fonmer2.among3.purpose4.for5.serves6.strengthened7.official8.majority9.nearily 10.similar 11.extends 12.through 13.lilits 14.adds 15.familiar 16.ways 17.and 18.ability 19.as20.means⑤(It is an astonishing fact that there are law of nature-----)1.quantitatively2.make up3.at least4.unlikely5.even if6.greater thanmon-sense8.turn out to be9.increases 10.in the direction plains 12.the theory of Relativity13.close to 14.so far as15.not only①The possibility of a real market-style evolution of governance is hand. In cyberspace, we’ll be able to test and evolve rules governing what needs to be governed —intellectual property, content and access control, rules about privacy and free speech. Some communities will allow anyone in; others will restrict access to members who qualify on one basis or another. Those communities that prove self-sustaining will prosper (and perhaps grow and split into subsets with ever-more-particular interests and identites).Those that can’t survive —either because people lose interest or get scared off —will simply wither away.一个真正的市场型管理模式很快成为可能，在信息空间，我们将能够检验并完善所需要的管理制度——知识产权制度、服务内容与使用权的控制制度，个人隐私权和与自由言论制度等，有些群体允许任何人加入，而有些则只允许符合这样或那样条件的人加入，能够自持的群体会兴旺发展(或许也会因为志趣与身份日趋特殊，而发展成为几个分支)。

Unite one:There are two factors which determine an individual，s intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born 1.with .Human brains differ considerably, 2.some being more capable than others .3.But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with ,an individual will have a low order of intelligence4.unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what5.happens to the individual-the sort of environment in which he is brought6.up .If an individual is handicapped7.environmentally, it is likely that his brain will8.fail to develop and he will9.never attain the level of intelligence of which he is 10.capable. The importance of environment in determining an individual，s intelligence can be 11.demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and John. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in 12.separate foster homes. Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an 13.isolated community with poor educational 14.opportunities. John, 15.however, was educated in home of well-to-do parents who had been to college, This environmental 16.difference continued until the twins were 17.in their late teens, 18.when they were given tests to 19.measure their intelligence. John，s I.Q was 125,twenty-five points higher than the 20.average and fully forty points higher than his identicalbrother.Unite tow:Recent studies of the human brain have resulted in some interesting discoveries. Scientists believe that a way to improve the power of the brain may soon be possible.Scientists have 1.discovered that the brain can make its own drugs. The brain contains a protein 2.substance which can act directly 3.on the brain to change aspects of mental activity. Some may change or improve, for example, 4.creativity, intelligence, imagination, and good memory.Chemicals found in the brain 5.carry messages .In recent years scientists have found chemicals that 6.affect mood, memory and other happenings of the 7.mind .About 25 have been found 8.so far .Today the role of 9.chemicals and protein substance in human behaviour is creating much 10.interest .Research seems to show that they may help 11.control insomnia, pain, and mental illness .They have a great capacity to 12.stimulate the brain to conquer deficiencies. 13.They also improve the qualities of memory and 14.learning already in the brain .They hold the secret to mood and emotion. Some day there may be a chemical way to create a better more 15.efficient brain.Unite three:By measuring the amount of HIV，s genetic material in various representative tissue samples from infected people, and extrapolating form these 1.samples to the entire body, Haase estimates that at most 1 in 2,500 cells, maybe fewer, is infected with HIV. This is nowhere near enough for direct cell killing to account for the depletion in their numbers that 2.leads to AIDS.Haase says that his own work now shows that large numbers of CD4 cell ate becoming 3.trapped in lymph tissue, and he believes that HIV also 4.disrupts the production of new cells. In common with a number of other researchers, he also believes that HIV may cause the 5.loss of uninfected CD4 cells by triggering abnormally high levels of cell suicide ,or apoptosis-a separate process that has been a subject of research throughout the 1990s .Taken together, these 6.findings clearly suggest that HIV keeps the 7.immune system in a state of constant activation, and unbalances it in four 8.ways :by trapping mature cells ,by stopping the production of new cells, by triggering abnormally high rates of apoptosis and by killing a small but significant 9.number of cellsdirectly. Their combined impact leaves the immune system depleted and unable to 10.cope with opportunistic infections.How will any of this affect treatments? Would better knowledge of the ways in 11.which the virus disturbs the immune system enable researchers to 12.rebuild it ,broadening the depleted repertoire of CD4 cells ? Roederer , at least, thinks that drugs that directly affect the immune system will be needed.Others go 13.further, Jay Levy at the University of California , San Francisco, worries that 14.prolonged treatment with cocktails of antiviral 15.drugs might even fool the immu ne system and “put it to rest”, by keeping levels of HIV so low in the body 16.that they fail to trigger any immune responses 17.at all. This might make individuals who stop 18.taking the drugs even more vulnerable. He19.argues that immune-restoring treatments should be given20.alongside antiviral drugs. Already, some researchers are working on novel approaches such as developing genetically engineered T cell to replace lose CD4 cells.Unite four: what is Golbalization?Economic “globalization” is a historical process, the result of human innovation and technological progress .It refers to theincreasing integration of economies around the world , particularly through trade and financial flows. The term sometimes also 1.refers to the movement of people (labor) and knowledge (technology) 2.across international borders. There are also broader cultural, political and environmental dimensions of globalization that are not 3.covered here .At its most basic, there is 4.nothing mysterious about globalization. The term 5.has come to common usage since the 1980s, reflecting technological advances that 6.make it easier and quicker to complete international 7.transactions–both trade an financial flows, It refers to an extension beyond national borders of the same market forces that have operated for centuries 8.at all levels of human economic activity-village markets, urban industries ,or financial centers.Markets promote efficiency 19.through competition and the division of labor-the specialization that allows people and economies to 10.focus on what they do best .Global markets offer greater opportunity for people to tap into more and larger markets around the world. It means that they can11. have access to more capital flows, technology, cheaper imports, and larger export markets. But markets do not 12.necessarily ensure that the benefits of increased efficiency are shared by all. Countries must 13.beprepared to embrace the policies needed, and 14.in the case of the poorest countries may need the support of the international munity as they do so .Unite five: Spinal CordsAgricultural and public-health experts in Britain find many other serious flaws in the government's 1.handling of the mad-cow epidemic. Officials waited 18 months after discovering the first cases of BSE to declare it a “notifiable” 2.disease ,requiring that all cases be reported to the authorities. They waited nearly three years to 3.forbid use of cattle brains and spinal cords in food for4.humans.The government offered to compensate farmers for5.any suspected BSE cases they destroyed—but at far less then the animal's6.normal value, a rate that7.discouraged farmers from reporting the disease in their herds, according to critics. “It could all have been over in a month,” says Millstone. “It might have cost a few million pounds. But that's a fraction of what it's going to cost now.”Currie argues that the government 8.likewise fumbled when it disclosed the possible link between CJD and mad-cow disease. “If you are going to announce a health scare,” she says, “you have to 9.announce at the same time what you are going to do about it.”The government has yet to announce any 10.preventive measures beyond afew tightened restricttions, such as the ban on mammalian meat in cattle feed. Currie herself knows all too well how easy it is to start a public health 11.panic ; she left her post as health minister after helping touch off a scare in the winter of 1988-98 over the safety of British eggs and other farm 12.products.。

Unit1Task11.The show will tour the provinces(范围) after it closes in London.这场表演在伦敦表演结束后将在各个省巡演。

2.Nancy woke（醒来）to the sound of birds outside her window.南希醒来时听到窗外鸟儿的声音。

3.The stigma of being a bankrupt is likely to haunt（长期困扰）him for the rest of his life.作为破产者的耻辱可能会在他的余生中困扰他4.We’ve never had much trouble（使烦恼）with vandals（故意破坏公共财物者）around here.5.Unpainted wooden furniture weather（风化）to a gray color.未涂漆的木制家具天气（风化）为灰色。

6.There have been demonstrations in the streets in the wake（尾随）of the recent bomb attack.7. The term “cardboard city” was coined（创造）to describe communities of homeless people living in cardboard boxes.8. The trouble（引起麻烦的事）is that these restrictions have remained while other things have changed.麻烦（引起麻烦的事）是这些限制仍然存在而其他事情已经发生变化。

9. The company just managed to weather（平稳度过）the recession.该公司刚刚成功度过经济衰退期。

一，选择1，This book (contains) all the information you need.2，The government (restricts) the number of foreign cars that could be imported. 3，As a teacher you should not show (favor) towards any of your students.4，Traffic is (regulated) by police at every intersection.5，How much do you (charge) for this pair of shoes?6，We can (leave off) now and return to work in the morning.7，That matter can be left (over) until our next morning.8，I learned that he was (on) sick leave from a government office.9，It was one of the most beautiful sights that I had even set eyes (on).10, Each week he tried to set (aside) a few dollars of his salary.11, All this ceremony is just (for show); it doesn’t mean a thing.12 ,Bill is afraid to (show his face) since Tom threatens to beat him up.13, She has been behaving foolishly; I hope you will (bring her to senses).14, The classroom is 30 feet (in length) and 20 feet in breadth.15, I’m leaving this job because I’m tried of being (pushed around).16, After the rain, the orchard seems to have (burst into) blossom overnight.17, The two men stood (glaring at)each other, while the crowd looked on with amusement.18, When you have any problems in your studies, you can always (look to) John for help.19, Theodore Roosevelt was a (versatile) man ; he was successful as a statesman, soldier….20, The small town has (undergone) many changes during last 10 years.21, The old farmer (survived) his wife, living until 105 years of ages.22, Poor eyesight is a (handicap) to many students.23, The wheat crop will be (decimated) with strong spring rains.24, The various parts of the essays do not adequately (interrelate).25, Hot weather (multiplies) the bacteria in the milk rapidly.26, If something very substantial is not done next month , he cannot (retain)his office.27, We sent him an invitation but he (declined).28, The lifeguard pulled the (inanimate) body out of the pool.29, If you are to be accepted as a member of the club you must (abide) by its rules. 30, (Even if) you dislike ancient monuments, Warrick Castle is worth a visit.31, The cites will to be (deflated) and the population distributed in villages.32, He gave a (distorted) account of what has happened.33, His speech (fermented) trouble among the works.34, The criminal was told he would be (immune)from punishment if he said what……35, If you (strain) the elastic band any more, it will break.36, The Egyptians (inhabit) an area equal to France and Spain combines.37, He is (by no means) considered to be a great explorer.38, It was a long time before scientists could (penetrate) the mystery of the atom.39, inhale (breathe in)40, scent (fragrance)41, beam (smile happily)42, solid (heavy)43, suspicious (unbelieving)44, steady (regular)45, accomplishment (success)46, impressionable (easily noticeable)47, The speaker was a long way (off the track).48, The new government tried to (defuse) the growing discontent of the people.49, The (catch) is how to grow rice in a dry area.50, They were surprised to see the efficiency of the(well-oiled) military machine of ……51, He was (upset) to learn that he had been left out of the basketball team.52, It is fortunate when a young man’s career goals(coincide)with what his parents ……53, If the body is robbed this way for too long, vital organs (break down).54, If your car (conks out) on a turnpike, wait for assistance.55, My pencil is (worn down) to a stump.56, The waterfall has (worn) a hole in the stone.57, Anna did what she could to keep the marriage from (falling apart).58, His wife becomes more and more (preoccupied) with children.59, Artificial light is not to be (compared with) daylight for general use.60, To (retrieve) some data, one has to consult a computer.61, When the car hit the wall, the (impact) broke the windscreen.62, The problem is closely (involved with) the management of pastures.63, If you travel by jet plane, Tokyo and Shanghai are (virtually) neighbors.64, There is no(tangible)evidence that the diplomatic relations will be restored to……65, After 10 years’efforts, the farmers have (turned)the waste land(into)paddy fields.66, He traveled with some British doctors who took (short-term) jobs abroad.67, Utter weariness (overtook) me one hour later.68, Farmers will have a bumper harvest, (assuming) that the weather is favorable. 69, Stocks may (boom) today, but droop tomorrow.70, The mountain peak is (dominant) on the horizon.二，VocabularyUnit1In the past formerly Include embrace man-made artificial control systematically regulate exactly precisely undesired unwanted irrelevant extraneous having intense feeling passionateaim toward be targeted to not far away at hand be charged for be send forUnit3Containing many detailed parts and thus difficult to understand intricateNearly correct but not exactly approximatelyA sudden shaking of the Earth’s surface earthquakeHaving many different kinds of skills or abilities versatileStanding apart, separate as is to be alone isolatedThe opposite in position; the other way around reverseIn addition to; also as well asDepending on each other; necessary to each other interdependentIncrease in number by giving birth to offspring multiplyEat something in order to stay alive or subsist live onDestroy completely kill offNot in its exact or accurate position out of trueProvide with proper or necessary skills, knowledge etc. quality(not) in any way (not) at allAs a result from a natural impulse or tendency spontaneouslyUnit4The meeting dragged onThe party broke upWe dropped by the club to see if Bill was thereNo matter what we talk about, Jim always drags in politicsBritain has dropped behind Japan as a producer of cheap cotton fabrics Gradually his strength failed and he dropped behind in the raceScientists hope to break throughSeveral friends dropped inA big fire broke outIf you hadn’t broken in,The cold winter dragged onWhy must you always drag this subject inPlease drop byThey dragged outThe children seem to have been dragged upSeveral painters in the exhibition have broken withHe tried to cope with the ever-increasing burden of his work, but finally he broke downHe broke offIt is difficult to break awayWell, drop inPrime constantly intervals at arm’s length come off get over yield put into operation challenging resort to swarming with take inUnit5Learn and discover (a fact that was hidden) find outA group of people living together by shared interests, religion, etc. community Change into something of different form or properties convertHave a clear meaning wake senseA state of very strong feeling, esp. of joy and happiness ecstasyTake the place of replaceto some extent; somewhat more or lessat the lowest estimate or figure at leastnot easily managed; hard to treat, relieve, or cure intractableunderstand; figure out the meaning of make outUnit7Defeat (sb.)or deal successfully with(w difficulty) get the better ofUselessness; useless action or thing futilityMoving or allowing movement in only one direction one-wayTake away the courage or power to act unnervePut back into order so as to be understood unscrambleIn a state of complete disorder and confusion; confused chaoticA state marked by lack of plan, order, or direction haphazardnessAny tricky or concealed problem or drawback catchSmoke or other gases that pollute, combined with fog in an unhealthy or irritating mixture smogA pipelike wooden or metal musical instrument with finger holes fluteCausing gloominess or a lowering of spirit depressingNothing; zero nilMade or done aimlessly, without any plan randomCause great suffering of the mind or body distressAn organization, a habit, custom, etc. , which has been in existence for a long time institution(cause to) gather together congregateUnit8A rapid increase in sales, worth, profits, etc. boomThe offspring of two animals or plants of different breeds, varieties, or species hybrid A person or group having administrative or supervisory authority in an organization or government executiveProfit or gain, such as from work returnsAside from, except for apart fromNot equal or matched; unique unparalleledAccomplish, cause bring aboutIneffective or useless from the beginning stillbornThe science of planning and directing military operations strategyOccurring after; succeeding subsequentWork out; understand by thinking figure outDelay doing, considering, etc., till a later time leave over三，完形。