非谓语动词讲解及试
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非谓语动词讲解及练习一、单项选择非谓语动词1.A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, _____all four people on board. A.killed B.killingC.kills D.to kill【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意:一家小型飞机撞上了距离城市东部五英里的一个山腰,机上四人全部丧生。
Plane与kill是主谓关系,应该使用现在分词表示主动,并作伴随状语。
故选B。
2.Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to ______ a good researcher. A.make B.turnC.get D.grow【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。
make表示“发展成为(=develop into)”,是及物动词;turn表示“变成,成为”是不及物动词;get“变成,做成”是不及物动词;grow表示“生长,成长”。
根据句意“缺乏智能和毅力的人是不可能成为一个好的研究人员的。
”及句式结构可知,此处应使用及物动词表示“使成为”之意,make a good researcher 意为“成为一个出色的研究者”。
故最佳答案应为A项。
3.I’m afraid that I can’t attend Tom’s wedding party ______ next weekend.A.to be held B.being heldC.held D.is to be held【答案】A【解析】试题分析:考查非谓语动词作定语。
句子中已经有了谓语can't attend,故此处应填非谓语动词,首先排除D。
hold与party构成被动关系,但ABC答案均表被动。
因此再根据时间状语next weekend可确定填不定式表将来,故选A。
【英语】初中英语非谓语动词试题(有答案和解析)及解析一、非谓语动词1.Michael visits many websites ________ about Chinese culture.A. learnB. learnedC. to learn【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:Michael为了了解中国文化浏览了很多网站。
用动词不定式作目的状语,因此用to learn,故选C。
【点评】考查动词的形式。
注意动词不定式的用法。
2.We advise parents _____ their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger.A. not leaveB. not to leaveC. leaveD. to leave【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:为了使孩子远离危险,我们建议父母不要单独把孩子留在家里。
advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事,动词不定式的否定形式就是在to前面加not故advise sb not to do sth建议某人不要做某事。
结合句意,故选B3.The workers were made from morning to night in the past.A. workedB. to workC. workD. working【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:在过去工人们被迫从早晨工作到晚上make sb do sth让某人做某事,其被动语态形式sb be made to do sth所以选B。
4.—Have you ever heard that China is building a nationwide 5G network?—Right. 5G will allow us ________ English movies faster than ever.A. downloadB. downloadsC. to downloadD. downloading【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意——你听说了中国正在建造全国5G网络吗?——对,5G将会让我们比原来更快的速度下载英文电影。
非谓语动词讲解举例子非谓语动词是指除了谓语动词之外的其他动词形式,包括动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词。
非谓语动词可以在句子中作主语、宾语、定语、状语等成分。
下面将分别介绍非谓语动词的形式及其用法,并举例说明。
1. 动词不定式(to+动词原形)动词不定式一般用在动词后面,可以表示目的、意图、原因、结果等。
例句:- I went to the supermarket to buy some groceries.(我去超市买了一些杂货。
)这里的不定式"to buy"表示目的。
- My friends and I decided to go hiking this weekend.(我和我的朋友决定这个周末去远足。
)这里的不定式"to go"表示动作的意图。
2. 现在分词(动词+ing)现在分词可以用作形容词,表示正在进行的动作。
例句:- The running water is so clear.(流动的水很清澈。
)这里的现在分词"running"作为形容词修饰水。
- I saw a crying child on the street.(我看到了街上一个哭泣的孩子。
)这里的现在分词"crying"作为形容词修饰孩子。
3. 过去分词(一般以-ed、-en或其他形式结尾)过去分词一般用作形容词,表示被动或完成的动作。
例句:- The broken window needs to be repaired.(破损的窗户需要修理。
)这里的过去分词"broken"作为形容词修饰窗户。
- She was thrilled to receive the unexpected gift.(她收到这个意外的礼物感到兴奋。
)这里的过去分词"unexpected"作为形容词修饰礼物。
非谓语动词还有其他用法,如作状语、宾语补足语等,下面是一些例子:- Being a doctor, he is always busy.(作状语)作为一个医生,他总是很忙。
非谓语动词经典用法讲解与练习★命题规律1、考查立意较低。
主要考查的是非谓语的一些最基本的用法。
2、题目设置情景化和结构复杂化。
试题加大了考生对题干的理解难度。
3、设问角度多样化。
不仅仅是非谓语之间的互相干扰。
★命题趋势不容置疑,高考将继续加强对非谓语动词的考查,试题的特征将继续呈现出“情景化”和“设问角度多样化”的趋势,但试题难度将会有所控制。
★解题思路① 解析句子结构,确定设空在句中的句法功能(主、宾、宾补、表、定、状?);② 找准相关动词逻辑主语,确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系(主动还是被动?);③ 搜索句子中相关的时间信息,确定非谓语动词的形式(过去、现在、将来?);④ 将选项置入空中,看是否能够字从意顺,否能传达有效信息、完成交际任务。
★分词、不定式作宾补用法要点一、分词、不定式作宾语补足语的区别1.感官动词see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, notice 等和使役动词have 后面的宾补有三种形式,即原形动词(不带to 的不定式)、现在分词和过去分词。
现在分词表主动或正在进行,过去分词表被动或完成,动词原形表主动和完成。
如:1)Tom had his leg broken while playing football.2)Mr. Smith had his house broken into while he was away on holiday.二、下列动词后跟带to 的不定式作宾补:【口诀】讨厌命令作宾补说服警告想希望,导致逼迫禁期望。
建议允许求鼓励,要教邀请更喜欢。
1)hate, order2)persuade, warn, tell, order, want, wish,3)cause, force, forbid, expect,4)advise, allow, permit, ask, beg, encourage,5)get, require, teach, invite, prefer, like, love,① An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered toissue clear warning before firing any shots.② The teacher asked us not to make so much noise.③ The flu is believed to be caused by viruses that like to re produce inthe cells inside the human nose and throat.三、不定式、现在分词作宾补小窍门1、下列动词后在主动语态中用不带to 不定式作补语,但在被动语态中要加to:它们是“吾看三室两厅一感觉” 5看(look at, see, watch, notice, observe);3使(make, let, have);2听(listen to, hear);1感觉(feel)。
非谓语动词讲解及练习(含答案)一、单项选择非谓语动词1.The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if_____ regularly, can improve our health.A.being carried out B.carrying outC.carried out D.to carry out【答案】C【解析】试题分析:考查状语从句的省略句:当主从句的主语一致的情况,可以省略从句的主语和be动词,If carried out="if" proper amounts of exercise are carried out。
句意:实验表明,适量的锻炼,如果被定期进行,能提高人们的健康。
选C。
考点:本题考查省略句式点评:如果主句的主语和从句的主语一致,且状语从句的谓语动词中有 be 动词,从句的主语连同be 可一起省略,该类状语从句多为时间、地点、条件、方式或让步等,连词为when, while, though, if, unless, although, as if 等,后面通常接分词、不定式、形容词、名词等。
2.________on this report,the English government decided to ask Captain James Cook to go and look for this continent.A.Having based B.BasingC.Based D.To be based【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。
be based on以……为基础。
在句中作状语,故用其based。
选C。
3.Once be falls asleep, I have great difficulty _______ him up.A.wake B.wakenC.to wake D.waking【答案】D【解析】一旦他睡着了,我叫醒他就有很大的困难。
【精品】非谓语动词讲解及练习一、单项选择非谓语动词1.Peter was so excited _________ he received an invitation from his friend__________Chongqing.A.that; to visit B.when; to visitC.that; visiting D.when; visiting【答案】B【解析】考查不定式和状语从句。
句意:彼得收到朋友邀请他访问重庆的请帖时激动不已。
When 引导时间状语从句,that引导结果状语从句;to visit 限定invitation做后置定语。
Visiting限定friend做后置定语,句意改变了。
选B。
2.Be careful when you deal with this chemical, as it will explode when ______ to sunlight. A.exposed B.to expose C.exposing D.being exposed【答案】A【解析】试题分析:考查非谓语动词。
本题考查短语be exposed to暴露与……。
句意:处理这种化学物质时要小心,因为它暴露在阳光下时会爆炸。
故A正确。
考点:考查非谓语动词3.________ terrible, the medicine was thrown away by the child.A.Tasted B.TastingC.To taste D.Being tasted【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意:这种药尝起来非常难吃,被这个孩子扔掉了。
主语是medicine,taste与主语是主动关系,而且taste是系动词无被动,因此用现在分词,故选B。
4.The cooling wind swept through out bedroom windows, ____ air conditioning unnecessary. A.making B.to makeC.made D.being made【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。
高考必备英语非谓语动词技巧全解及练习题(含答案)一、单项选择非谓语动词1.(重庆) Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way__________ the sun and the stars. A.used B.having usedC.using D.use【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。
句意:象古代的水手,鸟能利用太阳和星辰来找到他们的路。
谓语动词是can find,故use用非谓动词作伴随状语,与逻辑主语birds是主动关系,用现在分词做伴随状语,根据句意,use这一动作与谓语动词动作同时,用现在分词的一般式。
故选C。
【点睛】伴随状语是指状语从句的动作伴随主句发生,它的特点是:它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的,这个考点在高考中经常出现,本题考查的是分词做伴随状语,分为现在分词和过去分词,现在分词短语表示与主句的主语在逻辑上有主谓关系,即表示主动意义;而过去分词短语则表示与主句的主语在逻辑上是动宾关系,即被动意义;He sen me an e-mail hoping to ge further information 他给我发一封电子邮件,希望得到更多的信息; He hurried to the hall, followed by two guards. 他匆忙进了大厅,后面跟着两个警卫。
2.127.Everything ______ into due consideration, she eventually decided to further her education at home.A.having taken B.to be taken C.being taken D.taken【答案】D【解析】考查过去分词的独立主格结构。
句意:考虑到一切,她最终决定继续在家接受教育。
因为本题逗号前后没有连词,所以逗号前面不能是句子。
非谓语动词的用法概述:非谓语动词(不定式、动名词、分词)不是真正意义上的谓语动词,在句中都不能单独作谓语。
但都具有动词的某些特点,可以有自己的宾语或状语,构成非谓语动词短语。
都不受主语人称和数的限制(即无人称和数的变化),但有时态和语态的变化。
如:He let me did it.(×)----He let me do it.(√)Lily helps me does it.(×)----Lily helps me do it.(√)She wanted to be punished by her father.掌握非谓语动词的关键在于:弄清三大非谓语动词各种不同的结构形式、每种结构所表达的时间概念及其主被动关系;弄清楚三大非谓语动词各自所作的句子成分;不同的非谓语动词作同一句子成分时的区别;三大非谓语动词的其他特殊用法。
一、三大非谓语动词的结构形式及每种结构所表达的时间概念及其主被动关系(一)不定式(二)动名词(三)分词二、三大非谓语动词各自所充当的句子成分非谓语动词具有各自不同的词类特征,因此充当的句子成分也各不相同。
不定式具有名词、动词、形容词和副词的特性,在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语;动名词具有名词和动词的特性,在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语和定语;分词具有动词、形容词和副词的特性,在句中可以作表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。
(见下面的图表)。
不定式:主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾补动名词:主语、宾语、表语、定语分词:表语、定语、状语、宾补附:三大非谓语动词的区别一览表注意:当由现在分词和过去分词变化而来的形容词与定冠词连用表示一类人或事物时,可以作主语或宾语。
如:the dying,the wounded等。
三、不同的非谓语动词作同一句子成分时的区别(一)、作主语(不定式和动名词作主语的区别):1. 所表动作的具体含义不同:不定式作主语多表示具体的、一次性的动作;动名词作主语多表示经常性的、习惯性的动作。
非谓语动词讲解及练习一、什么是非谓语动词?非谓语动词:就是不能做谓语的动词形式。
主要是动词不定式和动名词。
二、主要形式:1.动词不定式:to+动词原型2.动名词:动词+ing.当然,情态动词can,must,may,系动词be,助动词be,do,does也不是能单独做谓语,单独时也是非谓语动词。
三、用法在一个句子中,只有一个谓语动词,但是如果一个句子中出现多个动词时怎么办呢,如, I want to stop having a rest.我想停止休息。
I want to stiop to have a rest.我想停下来,去休息。
这两个句子中就出现了want stop have三个动词,那这就需要只能保留一个谓语动词want. 那就在stop前加to ,在have前加to或have后去e加ing,这就把stop和have变成非谓语动词了。
至于哪些动词后喜欢加动词不定式哪些词后喜欢加动名词,在这儿说几个重点的特别的动词用法:1、使役动词let,make, have后喜欢跟不带to的动词不定式,也就是动词原形,如:Let’s play soccer.2、感官动词 see, watch, , notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, fee l + do(也就是说这几个词后跟动词不定式时,喜欢把to去了)表示动作的完整性,真实性;当然这几个词后也能+doing 表示动作的连续性,进行性。
3、help这个词后接动词不定式时,to可要可不要。
但要注意help和with构成短语时即help...with..时,with后要接动名词,因为with是介词。
help+人+with sth /doing sth.4、want、ask、decide、hope后喜欢加动词不定式。
常见的有:want to do sth. want sb. to do sth ask sb. to do sth. decide to do sthlove to do sth. learn to do sth. begin to do sthwould like to do sth would like sb. to do sth. .It’s time to do sth. something to eat. I have many things to do.5、enjoy,、practise、finish、 mind、spend后喜欢接动名词。
非谓语动词讲解及试作者: 日期:非谓语动词的特点: 三种非谓语动词都具有动词的特征,虽然它们没有人称和 数的变化,但是它们都能带自己的状语或有时跟宾语。
它们都有各自的特征:分 词具有形容词和副词的特征;动名词具有名词的特征;不定式具有名词、形容词 和副词的特征。
具体来讲:分词在句子中可以做定语、表语、状语或补足语等; 动名词在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语等;不定式在句子中可以做主语、 表语、补足语或状语。
下面分别对三种非谓语动词进行讲解: 一.动词不定式先看几个例句,判断不定式在句中的成分。
To lear n a foreig n Ian guage is difficult . His wish is to be a driver . Tom wan ted to have a cup of beer .The teacher told us to do morni ng exercises . I have nothing to say . They went to see their aunt . It ' s easy to see their aunt. I don ' t know what to do next . I heard them make a no ise .说明:1.动词不定式作主语,2.动词不定式作表语,3.动词不定式作宾语词不定式作宾语补足语,5.动词不定式作定语,6 .动词不定式作目的状语 词不定式作真正主语,it 代替动词不定式,作形式主语。
&带有连接代词的动 词不定式作宾语,9 .不带to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语。
掌握动词不定式应注意的几个问题:1. “to ”是不定式符号还是介词,下列短语中的 to 都是介词。
agree to object to close to , come to , lead to , refer to ,equal to , familiar to , point to , thank to , devote to , next to , belong to , be used to , look forward to 2.带to 还是不带toI have no choice but to give in I cannot do anything but give in I saw him en ter the classroom .( 但是: He was seen to enter the classroom . ) 3. 动词不定式逻辑主语是由for 作为标记的。
但是有时用of.非谓语动词讲解及练习 2010-10-01非谓语动词是指分词(包括现在分词和过去分词)、不定式、动名词等三种形式, 即: doi ng, do ne , to do , doi ng 。
当然它们有各自不同的变化形式,如: 现在分词 doing : 有 being done (被动式) bee n do ne (完成被动式) 不定式to do : 有to be done (被动式) doing (进行式) 动名词 doing : 有 having done (完成式) ;having done (完成式);having ;to have done (完成式);to be ;being done (被动式)宾语、 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. ,4 .动,7 .动It ' s necessary for you to study hard . It ' s foolish of him to do it .与of 连用的形容词有:good, kind , nice , wise ,clever , foolish , right , wrong , careful , careless , po lite , p ossible 4.后接不定式作宾语的动词有:want , hope , wish , like , beg in , try , n eed , forget , agree , know , promise , teach , refuse , help , arrange , dare , decide , determine , fail , man age , offer , prepare , con ti nue , ask , mean , choose , expect etc.需要宾语补足语的动词不能用动词不定式直接做介词的宾语,而要用 it 做形式 宾语。
例如:通常不说 Wethink to obey the laws is important .而说 Wethink it imp ortant to obey the laws . 5.不定式的省略。
下列短语中,如果意义明确,常常省略到want to , wish to ,hope to , like to , hate to , plan to , try to , love to , have to , o ught to , n eed to , used to , be able to6.不定式作定语,应注意两种关系: 1) 动宾关系:He has a lot of meet ing to atte nd . PI ease lend me somethi ng to write with . He is look ing for a room to live He is look ing for a room to live in . He has no money and no pl ace to live ( in ).I think the best way to travel ( by ) is on foot . There is no time to think ( about ). 2) 主谓关系:She is always the last ( person ) to sp eak at the meeti ng . ----I ' m going to the post office , for I have a letter to post .(辑主语是I )---- Thank you. But I have no letters to be p osted now ( 是I )7.不定式作状语,可以有以下几种意义: 1) 原因He is lucky to get here on time .这种结构中常用的形容词有:happy , glad , delighted , pl eased , sorry , eager , an xious . lucky ,fortunate , proud , angry surprised , frightened , disappointed , ready , clever , foolish , worthy 2) 目的He came to help me with my maths . 3) 结果I hurried to get there only to find him out .to 。
逻辑主语不The book is too hard for the boy to read . He is old eno ugh to go to school . 8 .不定式作补足语I saw him p lay in the street just now .能跟不带to 的不定式作补足语的动词有:see , feel , hear , listen to , look at , watch , let , have make, observe, n otice注:当这些词为被动式时,不定式要带to ,女口:He was see n to p lay in the street just now.二.动名词Lear ning En glish is very difficult .学英语非常困难。
His job is driv ing a bus .他的工作是开车。
I enjoy dancing .我喜欢跳舞。
I have got used to liv ing in the country .我已经习惯了住农村。
Take some slee ping tablets , and you will soon fall aslee p .吃点安眠药,你很快就会入睡。
注意以下几种结构:1. There ' s no telling what will happen . =It ' s impossible to tell what will happen .=No one can tell what will happen . 2. It ' s no use talking with him . It ' s no good speaking to them like that . 3. There ' s some difficulty ( in ) doing…在此句型中,difficulty 可以由以下单词替换:trouble , problem , fun , pleasure , a good time , a hard time注意以下几个问题:1. 下列动词后跟不定式与跟动名词作宾语意义有区别,forget to do … 忘记要做某事 forget doing …忘记做了某事 remember to do …记住要做某事 remember doing …记着做了某事 mean to do … 有意要做某事 mean doing …意味着做了某事 regret to do … 对要做的事表示后悔 regret doi ng …对做过去的事后悔 can ' t help to do …不能帮助做某事 can ' t help doing …情不自禁做某事try to do try doing试着做某事learn to do…尽力去做某事 …学着去做某事…学会做某事…停下来去做(另一件事) …停止做某事…接着做(另外一件事)go on doi ng … 继续做某事 used to do … 过去做某事 be used to doi ng … 习惯做某事2. 动名词作定语与现在分词作定语意义有区别 动名词作定语表达n+ for doing 的含义现在分词作定语表达 n +which(who) be doing 的含义女口: a sleeping car = a car for sleeping a running horse = a horse which is running 前者是动名词,后者是现在分词又如: drinking water , walk ing stick running water , slee ping boy 3. 动名词的逻辑主语:动名词的逻辑主语为代词或名词的所有格形式。