社会时政类词汇合集

时政名词解释大全汇总
以下是一些常见的时政名词解释，供您参考：
1. 政府，指国家的行政机关，负责管理国家事务、制定政策和执行法律。

2. 国家，指一个独立的政治实体，拥有领土、政府和主权。

3. 政权，指掌握国家政权的组织或个人。

4. 政治制度，指国家的组织形式和运行机制，包括民主制度、专制制度等。

5. 选举，指通过投票选举产生领导人或代表的过程。

6. 政党，指代表特定利益群体的组织，参与政治竞争和决策。

7. 国会，指国家的立法机关，由代表民众的议员组成。

8. 总统，指国家的最高行政长官，通常由选举产生。

9. 内阁，指政府的高级官员组成的集体机构，负责制定政策和管理国家事务。

10. 司法，指国家的司法机关，负责审判和解决法律纠纷。

11. 法律，指由国家制定和实施的具有强制力的规则和准则。

12. 宪法，指国家的最高法律文件，规定国家的基本制度和权力分配。

13. 政策，指政府为解决特定问题或实现特定目标而采取的行动方针。

14. 外交，指国家之间的交流和互动，包括外交关系、外交政策等。

15. 国际关系，指国家之间的相互关系，包括政治、经济、军事等各个领域。

以上是一些常见的时政名词解释，涵盖了政府、国家、政治制
度、选举、政党、国会、总统、内阁、司法、法律、宪法、政策、外交和国际关系等方面。

希望对您有所帮助。

当今最漂亮又很虚伪的一句话是什么？搞科研、搞四化、搞革命、搞教育、搞商业、搞事业、搞工作、搞开发、搞钱、搞创新、搞发展体现中国人最丑陋一面的一类话语中最富有代表性的唯一词汇！恶俗不堪、顶恶俗的就是——“搞”，极为恶劣的流氓词汇、荒诞可鄙、低俗无耻的庸俗词汇、卑鄙下流的痞子词汇、丑恶无赖的骗子词汇，恶心至极的口头禅，很龌龊，特无耻，极其丑陋文化现象的流行语。

不雅，是缺乏荣辱心、丧失礼义廉耻、不知羞耻、庸俗不堪的一种体现。

最最低贱、卑鄙龌龊、邪恶、恶劣地反社会、反人类、反动的词汇。

已经被用滥而“变质”了的无聊、空虚、堕落、蛊惑、猥琐词汇。

充分暴露出自我价值取向错误，毫无羞耻感，自甘受辱，自寻其辱，自我作贱，毫不掩饰自已下贱狗样，自我贬低人格、人格贬损，严重损害其代表的政府部门形象和公信力。

说这番话的人根本没有大脑，是没有任何独立思考能力而又贪图利益的无知无耻之徒，可耻可悲可叹，极其不光彩的口头禅，公开作自我羞辱。

国家新闻总署，文化部，你们应该极具民族责任感、站在历史高度上，兴雅灭俗，你要净化新闻报道、纯洁影视作品严格禁止这些臭大街、烂大街的词汇出现在官方、政府的发言、文件、报道、谈话语言等等之中整治当今胡搞恶搞的低俗语言充斥社会、污染毒害社会、贻害天下的局面。

其实，什么创新、自主知识产权、发明创造、高科技、核心技术、关键技术、专家、教授等等，无不如此解放和发展生产力to liberate and expand productive forces解放思想，实事求是to emancipate the mind and seek truths from facts紧跟时代步伐to keep abreast of the times经受住权力，金钱和美色的考验to withstand the test of power, money and sexual temptations纠正不正之网to correct unhealthy practices纠正党风to rectify the Party style纠正有令不行，有禁不止的现象to check the tendency to disobey orders and defy prohibitionsX 届全国人大X次会议the X Session of the X National People's Congress旧的中央计划经济体制the old-style central planning stystem救国救民的道路 a path of salvaging the country and the nation举手表决to vote by a show of hands具有公仆意思to have public servant consciousness决不搞官僚主义，形式主义，强迫命令never indulge in bureaucracy, formalism and coercion军民共建，警民共建精神文明创建活动ethical and cultural building activities with the joint efforts of the military, the police and the civilians开创了具有中国特色社会主义事业，为实现中华民族的伟大复兴开创了正确道路The initiation of the cause of building socilism with Chinese characteristics is a correct road to the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.开后门to secure advantages for others by using one's power unrighteously 开拓创新精神the pioneering spirit科学决策制度 a scientific policy-making system可持续发展道路 a path of sustainable development克服不正之风to overcome the unhealthy tendencies跨世纪宏伟蓝图 a monumental trans-century blueprint宽松的政治环境flexible political environment傀儡政府puppet government拉关系trying to establish underhand connections for the sake of personal gain拉选票canvass立场坚定to take a firm stand/to be steadfast in one's stand联合公报joint communique联合政府coalition government廉洁奉公to be honest in performing one's official duties廉洁自律clean and honest廉政，勤政，务实，高效的政府an honest, diligent, pragramatic and high efficient government廉政建设to build a clean and honest government新官上任三把火New brooms sweep clean.新老交替to replace old cadres with new ones行政处分administrative discipline punishment新闻发布会press conference行政干预intervene administratively行政管理权executive power行政机关administrative departments形成一种制度确保领导班子年轻化to institute a system to ensure that a younger leadership is maintained选拔与培养selection and nurturing要搞群言堂，反对一言堂to advocate "letting everyone have his say" and oppose the practice of "whatever I say goes"要自重，自省，自警，自励，始终注意讲学习，讲政治，讲正气to main a high degree of self-discipline, self-examination, self-caution and self-motivation, and always attach importance to study, political awareness and integrity.一刀切to impose uniformity on all enterprises/to find a simple solution for all diverse problems一放就乱，一管就死let up and it's chaos, but crack down and it's stagnation "一个中国”原则"One China" principle一个中心，两个基本点one central task and two basic points一贯立场consistent stand一国两制one country, two systems一切向钱看put money above all else一手抓物质文明，一手抓精神文明always work for material progress and at the same time for cultural and ethical progress一元化领导centralized leadership一支党领导下的人民军队 a people's army under the absolute leadership of the party依法行政administration according to law依法制国to govern the country according to law以德制国to run the country with morality以科学的理论武装人，以正确的舆论引导人，以高尚的精神塑造人，以优秀的作品鼓舞人to persevere in arming the people with scientific theories, guiding them with correct public opinions, shaping their outlook with noble ideas, and inspiring them with good cultural works.以强凌弱的霸权主义和强权政治hegemonies and power politics with the strong domineering over weak因地制宜，因时制宜，因事制宜，因人制宜to suit our measures to different conditions in terms of localities, time, issue and people involved有理想，有道德，有文化，有纪律lofty ideas, moral integrity, a better education and a good sense of discipline有职有权to enjoy authority eommensurate with their posts舆论监督watchdog与党中央保持一致to be at one with the Party Central Committee政风style of the government政府层次繁多administrations with multi-tiered government departments政府大改组government shake-up政府支持体系 a policy support framwork政界人士government circles政局动荡political upheavals政治多元化political pluralism政治解决轨道track of a political solution政治局politburo =political bureau政治局常务委员会委员member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of CPC政治敏锐性political sharpness政法骗局political fraud政治骗子political swindler支持适应市场经济的进一步改革to support further market-oriented economic reforms制定反贪法规to institute anti-corruption legislation制定更灵活的政策to institute more flexible policies中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation中华民族的一切爱国力量all the patriotic forces of the Chinese nation终身职务制lifelong tenure自律机制the self-restraining system自主决策to enjoy decision making autonomy综合国力comprehensive national strength政治庇护political asylum总揽全局to grasp the overall situation走过场just go through the motions最广泛的爱国统一战线the broadest possible patriotic united front。

如对你有帮助，请购买下载打赏，谢谢！时政热点词汇1．经济的快速发展the rapid development of economy 2．人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people's living standard 3．先进的科学技术advanced science and technology 4．面临新的机遇和挑战be faced with new opportunities and challenges5．人们普遍认为It is commonly believed/ recognized that…6．社会发展的必然结果the inevitable result of social development7．引起了广泛的公众关注arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention8．不可否认It is undeniable that…/ There is no denying that…9．热烈的讨论/ 争论a heated discussion/ debate10．有争议性的问题a controversial issue11．完全不同的观点a totally different argument12．一些人…而另外一些人…Some people…while others…13．就我而言/ 就个人而言As far as I am concerned, / Personally14．就…达到绝对的一致reach an absolute consensus on…15．有充分的理由支持be supported by sound reasons 16．双方的论点argument on both sides17．发挥着日益重要的作用play an increasingly important role in…18．对…必不可少be indispensable to …19．正如谚语所说As the proverb goes:20．…也不例外…be no exception21．对…产生有利/不利的影响exert positive/ negative effects on…22．利远远大于弊the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages.23．导致，引起lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in 24．复杂的社会现象a complicated social phenomenon 25．责任感/ 成就感sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement26．竞争与合作精神sense of competition and cooperation 27．开阔眼界widen one's horizon/ broaden one's vision 28．学习知识和技能acquire knowledge and skills29．经济/心理负担financial burden / psychological burden 30．考虑到诸多因素take many factors into account/ consideration31．从另一个角度from another perspective 32．做出共同努力make joint efforts33．对…有益be beneficial / conducive to…34．为社会做贡献make contributions to the35．打下坚实的基础lay a solid foundation for…36．综合素质comprehensive quality37．无可非议blameless / beyond reproach39．致力于/ 投身于be committed / devoted to…40．应当承认Admittedly41．不可推卸的义务unshakable duty42．满足需求satisfy/ meet the needs of…43．可靠的信息源a reliable source of information44．宝贵的自然资源valuable natural resources45．因特网the Internet （一定要由冠词，字母I 大写）46．方便快捷convenient and efficient47．在人类生活的方方面面in all aspects of human life 48．环保（的）environmental protection / environmentally friendly49．社会进步的体现a symbol of society progress50．科技的飞速更新the ever-accelerated updating of science and technology51．对这一问题持有不同态度hold different attitudes towards this issue52．支持前/后种观点的人people / those in fovor of the former/ latteropinion53．有/ 提供如下理由/ 证据have/ provide the following reasons/ evidence54．在一定程度上to some extent/ degree / in some way 55．理论和实践相结合integrate theory with practice 56．…必然趋势an irresistible trend of…57．日益激烈的社会竞争the increasingly fierce social competition58．眼前利益immediate interest/ short-term interest59．长远利益. interest in the long run60．…有其自身的优缺点…has its merits and demerits/ advantages and disadvantages61．扬长避短Exploit to the full one’s favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable ones62．取其精髓，取其糟粕Take the essence and discard the dregs. 63．对…有害do harm to / be harmful to/ be detrimental to 64．交流思想/ 情感/ 信息exchange ideas/ emotions/ information65．跟上…的最新发展keep pace with / catch up with/ keep abreast with the latest development of …66．采取有效措施来…take effective measures to do sth.如对你有帮助，请购买下载打赏，谢谢！67．…的健康发展the healthy development of …68．有利有弊Every coin has its two sides. No garden without weeds.69．对…观点因人而异Views on …vary from person to person.70．重视attach great importance to…71．社会地位social status72．把时间和精力放在…上focus time and energy on…73．扩大知识面expand one’s scope of knowledge 74．身心两方面both physically and mentally75．有直接/间接关系be directly / indirectly related to…76．提出折中提议set forth a compromise proposal 77．可以取代“think”的词believe, claim, maintain, argue, insist, hold the opinion/ belief that\时政热点词汇1. 科学发展观scientific outlook (thinking) on development2. 倡导公正、合理的新秩序观to call for the establishment of a just and equitable new order 3. 以平等互利为核心的新发展观new thinking (outlook) on development focusing on equality and mutual benefit4. 推动树立以互信、互利、平等和协作为主要内容的新安全观foster new thinking on security featuring mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and coordination5. 主张形成以尊重多样性为特点的新文明观foster new thinking featuring the respect for different civilizations6. 新能源观new thinking on energy development7. 疏导公众情绪defuse (allay, ease) (public) anger (discontent, resentment and complaints); properly channel public sentiments8. 诚信缺失lack of credibility9. 发展为了人民、发展依靠人民、发展成果由人民共享development for the people, by the people and to the benefit of all the people10. 和谐共赢harmony for all winners; harmonious and win-win scenario; all-win harmony11. 真正意义上的和谐社会在逐步发展a harmonious society in its true sense is emerging; a truly harmonious society is emerging12. 实现社会公平与正义to ensure social equity and justice13. 利益协调机制interest coordinating (balancing) mechanism14. 社会救助体系social assistance (aid) system15. 人民群众安全感people’s sense of security时政热点词汇•Deepening reform and opening up 深化改革扩大开放•The theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics建设有中国特色的社会主义理论•The theory on the initial stage of socialism 社会主义初级阶段的理论•One focus, two basic points 一个中心，两个基本点•Focus on economic construction 以经济建设为中心•Adhere to the four cardinal principles 坚持四项基本原则•Adhere to reforms and opening to the outside world 坚持改革开放•Seizing the opportunity, deepening the reform, opening 抓住机遇，深化改革，•wider to the rest of the world, promoting development, maintaining stability扩大开放，促进发展，保持稳定•Whether it would be beneficial to developing socialist productive forces是否有利于发展社会主义生产力•Whether it would be beneficial to enhancing the overall strength of the country是否有利于增强综合国力•Whether it would be beneficial to raising people’s living standard是否有利于提高人民生活水平•Taking the socialist public ownership as the mainstay 以社会主义公有制为主体•Common development of multi-economic sectors 多种经济成分共同发展•Establishment of socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济的建立Deepening economic reform 深化经济改革•Relationships among reform, development and stability 改革发展和稳定的关系•Deepening of reform and promotion of development 深化改革与促进发展•Economic growth and social progress 经济增长与社会进步•Strengthen the position of agriculture 加强农业的基础地位•Science and technology are the primary productive forces 科学技术是第一生产力如对你有帮助，请购买下载打赏，谢谢！•Strengthen the socialist legal system 加强社会主义法制•A series of policies and measures 一系列政策措施•Reform and opening up policy 改革开放政策•Reform measures 改革措施•Speed up reform 加快改革•Reform of economic system 经济体制改革•Reform of state-owned enterprises 国有企业改革•Strengthen the management of state-owned property 加强国有资产管理•Reform of management of state-owned property 国有资产管理体制改革•Reform of property rights system 产权制度改革•Reform of commodity circulation 商品流通体制改革•Reform of foreign trade system 外贸体制改革•Reform of personnel system 人事制度改革•Reform of social security system 社会保险制度改革•Reform of housing system 住房制度改革•Planning system 计划管理体制•Transferring the function of government 转换政府职能•Open door policy 开放政策•Open economy 开放经济•Open-door to the outside world 对外开放•Opening up 扩大开放•Open domestic market 开放国内市场•Introduce foreign capital, advanced technology and 引进外国的资金，先进技术和•managerial experiences 管理经验•Economic and technical development zone 经济技术开发区•Special economic zones in coastal areas 沿海经济特区•One country, two systems 一国两制•Special administrative region 特别行政区•Contract responsibility system with remuneration linked 家庭联产承包责任制•to the household•Narrowing the gap between the rich and poor 缩小贫富差距•Eliminate poverty 消除贫困•Common prosperity 共同富裕•ECONOMY AND MARKET ECONOMY 经济和市场经济•Socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济•Socialist sector of economy 社会主义经济成分•State-owned economy 国有经济•Non-state economy 非国有经济•Collective economy 集体经济•Individual economy 个体经济•Coexistence of various economic composition 多种经济成分共存•Sustained, rapid and sound economic development 持续，快速和健康的经济发展•National economic budget 国民经济预算•Comprehensive development of economy 经济综合发展•Strategy for economic development 经济发展战略•Theory of macroeconomic policy 宏观经济政策理论•Macroeconomic decision 宏观经济决策•Microeconomic phenomenon 微观经济现象•Traditional planned economy 传统的计划经济•Stimulate economic development 刺激经济发展•Commodity economy 商品经济•Market economy 市场经济•Free market economy 自由市场经济•Developed market economy 发达的市场经济•Developing market economy 发展中的市场经济•Emerging market economy 新兴市场经济•Mature market economy 成熟市场经济•Market economy country 市场经济国家•Extensive economy 粗放型经济•Intensive economy 集约型经济•Transform the extensive economic 粗放型经济转变为•mode into intensive one 集约型经济•Mixed economy 混合经济•Regional economy 地区经济•Internal-oriented economy 内向型经济•Closed economy 闭关自守经济•Economic growth point 经济增长点•Economic growth mode 经济增长方式•Economic growth rate 经济增长率•Economy measure 经济手段•Diversified economy 多种经济，多样化经济•Economic situation 经济形势•Economic cycle 经济周期•Economic fluctuation 经济波动•Economic miracle 经济奇迹•Economic take-off 经济起飞•Economic recovery 经济复苏•Economic potential 经济潜力•Economic sanction 经济制裁如对你有帮助，请购买下载打赏，谢谢！•Global economy 全球经济•Economic globalization 经济全球化•Integration of world economy 世界经济一体化•International economic integration 国际经济一体化•New international economic order 国际新经济秩序•Multi-polarization of world economy 世界经济多极化•Economic community 经济共同体•MACRO-CONTROL 宏观调控•Strengthen macro-control 加强宏观调控•Soft landing 软着路•Macro-economic situation 宏观经济形势•Macro control and micro invigoration 宏观控制与微观搞活•Control of overall volume and economic restructuring 总量控制与经济结构调整•Tight control on investment in fixed assets 紧缩固定资产投资控制•Tight financial and monetary policy 从紧的金融货币政策•Moderately tight monetary policy 适度从紧的货币政策•Moderately tight credit policy 适度从紧的信贷政策•Loosening tight monetary policy 放松紧缩的货币政策•Adequate amount of the money supply 适度货币供应量•Excessive amount of currency issue 过度货币发行量•Maintain monetary stability 保持货币稳定•Cheap money policy 低息货币政策•Adjustment of interest rate 利率调整•Cut interest rate 降低利率•Control of interest rate 利率控制•Deflation policy 紧缩政策•Market intervention 市场干预•State intervention 国家干预•Administrative interference 行政干预•Administrative intervention 行政干预•Administrative measure 行政措施•Economy measure 经济手段•Risk-control mechanism 风险控制机制•Overheated economy 过热的经济•Consumer price index 消费品价格指数•Commodity price index 商品物价指数•Retail price index 零售物价指数•Average price index 平均物价指数•Cost-of-living index 生活费用指数•Control of inflation 通货膨胀控制•Demand-pull inflation 需求拉动的通货膨胀•Double digit inflation 两位数字通货膨胀•Excessive inflation 过度的通货膨胀•Galloping inflation 恶性通货膨胀•Hyperinflation 极度通货膨胀•Hidden inflation 隐性通货膨胀•Structural inflation 结构性通货膨胀•Stagflation 经济停滞型的通货膨胀•Inflation factor 通货膨胀因素•Inflation of credit 信用膨胀•Inflation rate 通货膨胀率•Inflationary pressure 通货膨胀压力•Curb inflation 抑制通货膨胀•Curb the real estate craze 抑制房地产热•Development zone craze 开发区热•Overall demand and supply 总需求和总供给•Balance between supply and demand 供需平衡•Supply and demand relation 供求关系•Supply over demand 供过于求•Supply exceeds demand 供过于求•Economic crisis 经济危机•Economic depression 经济萧条•MANAGEMENT OF STA TE-OWNED PROPERTY 国有资产管理•Establish a system for the management, supervision 建立国有资产管理，监督和营运体系•and operation of State assets•Reform of management of state-owned property 国有资产管理体制改革•Clearly defining property rights, specifying rights and 产权清晰，责权明确，政企分开，•responsibilities, separating ownership from daily 管理科学•management and adopting scientific management •Regulation on the supervision and management 国有企业监督管理条例•of the state-owned enterprises•Laws and regulations on the administration of 国有资产管理法律法规•state-owned property Operate independently, assume sole responsibility 自主经营，自负盈亏，自我发展，•for its profits and losses, seek self-development 自我约束•and self-reliance•Uphold the principle of separating the functions of 坚持政企分开的原则，转变政府•government from those of enterprises and alter the 经济管理职如对你有帮助，请购买下载打赏，谢谢！能•government’s role in economic management •Safeguard state property 保卫国有资产•Preserve and increase value and prevent losses 保值增值防止流失•Prevent the drain of State-owned property 防止国有资产流失•Reform of property rights system 产权制度改革•Definition of property rights 产权界定•Clarification of property rights 明晰产权•Registration of property rights 产权登记•Annual checks of the registration of property rights 产权登记年检•Certificate of title 产权证书•Change of registration 变更登记•Change of title 产权变更•Transfer of property rights 产权转让•Transaction of property rights 产权交易•Property rights transfer agency 产权交易机构•Inspection of assets 资产清查•Re-evaluation of fixed assets 固定资产重估•Asset appraisal 资产评估•Productive assets 经营性资产•Non-productive assets 非经营性资产•Return on assets 资产收益•Balance sheet 资产负债表•Consolidated balance sheet 合并资产负债表•Reform of State-Owned Enterprises国有企业改革•Step up efforts to reform State-owned enterprises 加大国有企业改革力度•Readjust and reorganize State-owned enterprises to 调整改组国有企业促进资产重组•promote re-arrangement of assets and raise the 提高国有经济的总体素质•overall quality of the State sector of the economy •Concentrate on rejuvenating State-owned large 集中力量抓好国有大型企业和•enterprises and enterprises groups 企业集团•Develop trans-regional and inter-trade enterprise 发展跨地区跨行业的企业集团•groups Reform, reorganization and upgrading 改革，改组和改造•Re-organization, association, merger, joint 改组，联合，兼并，股份合作制•partnership, leasing, contract operation 租赁，承包经营和出售•and sell-off•Manage well large enterprises and adopt a flexible 抓好大的，放活小的•policy towards small ones•Give small State-owned enterprises greater freedom 放活国有小企业•Standardize bankruptcy procedures, encourage 规范破产程序，鼓励企业兼并，•merging of enterprises and promote re-employment 促进再就业•Allow money-losing enterprise to merger 允许亏损企业兼并或破产•or go bankrupt•Dispersion of redundant employees 分流富余人员•Re-employment funds 再就业基金•Conscientiously strengthen the operation and 切实加强企业经营管理•management of enterprises•Strengthen financial management of enterprises 强化企业财务管理•Tighten control over extrabudgetary funds 加强预算外资金管理•Increase capital and reduce debts through various 多渠道增资减债•channels•Strive to help enterprises eliminate losses and 抓好企业扭亏增盈•increase profits•Develop various modes of operation and marketing 发展多种营销方式•Alleviate enterprises’social burdens 减轻企业的社会负担•By tapping the potential and upgrading the 通过挖潜改造•technology•Mechanism for selecting the superior and eliminating 优胜劣汰机制•the inferior•Enjoy more decision-making power 享有更多的决策权•Allow employees to hold some shares 允许职工持股•Give more productive enterprises the power to engage 给更多的生产企业自营出口权•in expor t independently•Protect the interests of the working class 保护工人阶级利益•Technological upgrading 技术改造如对你有帮助，请购买下载打赏，谢谢！•Reform of state-owned enterprises 国有企业改革•Deepening of the reform of State-owned enterprises 深化国有企业改革•Modern enterprise system 现代企业制度•Reorganization of state-owned enterprises 国有企业重组•Transform the enterprises’ management mechanisms•of State-owned enterprises 转换国有企业经营机制•Adjustment of industrial structure 行业结构调整•Industrial policy 产业政策•Support and develop large enterprises and release small •enterprises 支持发展大企业放开小企业•Large and medium-sized State-owned enterprises can be •turned into corporate enterprises 大中型企业可转变为股份公司•Smaller enterprises can become shareholding co-operatives 小企业可转变为股份合作制•Readjust the asset-liability ratio of state-owned enterprises 调整国有企业资产负债比•State-owned independent accounting industrial enterprises 国有独立核算企业•Pioneer enterprise 试点企业•Enlarge the right of self-management 扩大自主权•Optimize capital structure 优化资本结构•Optimize resource allocation 优化资源配置•Optimize investment structure 优化投资结构•Recapitalization 调整资本结构•Capital reorganization 资本重组•Promote rational flow of property right 促进产权合理流动•Reduce staff to improve efficiency 减员增效•Investment risk mechanism 投资风险机制•Project capital system 项目资本金制度•Legal person responsibility system 法人责任制•Responsibility for one’s own profit and loss 自负盈亏•Enterprise contract management responsibility system 企业承包责任制•Unreasonable economic structure 不合理的经济结构•Unreasonable product structure 不合理的产品结构•Repeated construction 重复建设•Repeated introduction of foreign equipment and technology 外国设备和技术的重复引进•Regional and departmental protectionism 地区和部门保持主义•Government supervision 政府监督•Operating strategy 经营战略•Out-dated management styles 落后的管理方式•Backward in management 管理落后•Relying on government subsidy 依赖政府补贴•Heavy social subsidy 沉重的社会补贴•Heavy social burdens 沉重的社会负担•Excessive production capacity 过剩的生产能力•Merger and acquisition 兼并与收购•Encourage merger 鼓励兼并•Preferential policy for bankruptcy and merger 对破产和兼并企业的优惠政策•Standardize bankruptcy procedure 规范破产程序•Prevent false bankruptcy 防止假破产•Construction of a multi-layer social security system 建立多层次的社会保障制度•Re-employment projects 再就业工程•Re-employment of redundant workers 富余职工再就业•Laid-off workers 下岗职工•ENTERPRISE AND COMPANY 企业和公司•Central enterprise 中央企业•Local enterprise 地方企业•Backbone enterprise 骨干企业•Large and medium enterprise 大中型企业•State-owned enterprise 国有企业•Enterprise solely funded by the State 国有独资企业•State-owned firm 国有公司，国有企业•Corporate enterprise 股份制企业•Collective enterprise 集体企业•Collective firm 集体企业，合作企业•Township enterprise 乡镇企业•Partnership enterprise 合伙企业•Individual enterprise 个体企业•Foreign-funded enterprise 外资企业•Top 500 enterprises 最大500家企业•Small business 小企业•Primary industry 第一产业•Secondary industry 第二产业•Tertiary industry 第三产业•Corporate Law 公司法•Township Enterprise Law 乡镇企业法•Independent legal entities 独立法人•Board of directors 董事会•Board of supervisors 监事会•Shareholders conference 股东大会如对你有帮助，请购买下载打赏，谢谢！•Entrepreneur 企业家•Firm 公司，企业•Company 公司•Incorporation 公司•Corporation 股份公司•Group of enterprises 企业集团•Conglomerate 企业集团，综合性大企业•Company limited by shares 股份有限责任公司•Controlling company 控股公司•Holding company 控股公司•Bank holding company 银行控股公司•Company with limited liability 有限责任公司•State-owned holding company 国家控股公司•Public company 上市公司•Private company 非上市公司•Listed company 上市公司•Overseas-listed company 境外上市公司•Parent company 母公司•Subsidiary company 子公司•Group company 集团公司•Large-scale industrial group 大型工业集团•International conglomerate 跨国企业集团•International corporation 跨国公司•Multinational corporation 跨国公司•Multinational market group 跨国市场集团•Banking institution 金融机构•Banking sector 银行部门•Intermediary bank 中介银行•Development bank 开发银行•Commercial bank 商业银行•Investment bank 投资银行•Credit bank 信贷银行•Cooperative bank 合作银行•Mortgage bank 抵押银行•Clearing bank 清算银行•Credit union 信用社•Non-bank financial institution 非银行金融机构•Financing corporation 金融公司•Securities company 证券公司•Underwriting company 担保公司•Loan and trust company 信托公司•Insurance company 保险公司•Life insurance company 人寿保险公司•Utility company 公共事业公司•MERGER AND ACQUISITION 兼并与收购•Reorganization 重组•Association 联合•Merger 兼并•Acquisition 收购•Joint stock partnership 股份合作•Leasing 出租•Contract operation 承包经营•Auction 拍卖•Develop trans-regional and trans-industry enterprise groups 发展跨地区跨行业的企业集团•Strategic acquisition 战略性收购•Combination of enterprise 企业合并•Concentric acquisition 集中收购•Conglomerate merger 集团企业合并•Consolidation by lease 租赁式合并•Consolidation by merger 兼并式合并•Leveraged buy-out (LBO’s) 杠杆收购•Stock merger 股票兼并•Vertical acquisition 纵向收购•Vertical merger 纵向兼并•Vertical consolidation 纵向合并•Vertical integration 纵向合并•Horizontal merger 横向兼并•Horizontal acquisition 横向收购•Horizontal combination 横向合并，同行业合并•Horizontal integration 横向联合•Acquisition cost 收购成本•Acquiring enterprise 收购方企业•Corporate reorganization 公司重组•Bankruptcy Law 破产法•Bankruptcy code chapter 7--- liquidation 破产法第七章清算•Bankruptcy code 11 --- reorganization 破产法第十一章重组•Act of bankruptcy 破产法案•Antitrust Law 反托拉斯法•Bankruptcy court 破产法庭•Bankruptcy debtor 破产债务人•Bankruptcy notice 破产公告•Bankruptcy petition 要求宣布破产•Declaration of bankruptcy 宣告破产•Arrangement in bankruptcy court 破产法庭内的协调•Arrangement out of bankruptcy court 不经破产法庭的协调•Creditor’s equity 债权人权益•Bankruptcy trustee 破产受托人如对你有帮助，请购买下载打赏，谢谢！•Creditor’s meeting 债权人会议•Creditor of bankruptcy 破产债权人•MARKET AND COMPETITION 市场和竟争•Commodity market 商品市场•Securities market 证券市场•Bond market 债券市场•Stock market 股票市场•Futures market 期货市场•Options market 期权市场•Property rights market 产权市场•Capital market 资本市场•Free market 自由市场•Labour market 劳动力市场•Flea market 跳蚤市场•Bear market 股票市场的熊市•Bull market 股票市场的牛市•Market competition 市场竟争•Market development 市场开发•Market forecast 市场预测•Market potential 市场潜力•Market risk 市场风险•Market share 市场份额•Seller’s market 卖方市场•Buyer’s market 买方市场•Market abroad 海外市场•Marketability 市场能力•Marketable 销路好的•Marketing channel 销售渠道•Marketing strategy 销售战略•Competition market 竟争市场•Perfect competition 完全竟争•Imperfect competition 不完全竟争•Low-level competition 低水平竟争•Monopolistic competition 垄断竟争•Competitor 竟争对手•Natural monopoly 自然垄断•International monopoly 国际垄断•Market 市场•bear market 股票市场的熊市•bond market 证券市场•bull market 股票市场的牛市•capital market 资本市场•emerging market economic 新兴市场经济•majority market economic 成熟市场经济•market abroad 海外市场•market analysis 市场分析•market approach to fair market value 求得公平市场价值的市场法•market competition 市场竟争•market demand price 市场需求价格•market development 市场开发•market economy country 市场经济国家•market factor 市场因素•market forecast 市场预测•market index 市场指数•market information 市场信息•market investigation 市场调查•market potential 市场潜力•market quotation 市场行情•market replacement cost 市场重置成本•market research 市场调查，市场研究•market risk 市场风险•market share 市场份额，市场占有率•market value method 市价法•market-oriented 面向市场的•market-to-cost method 市价成本法•property right market 产权市场•seller’s market 卖方市场•social market economy 社会主义市场经济十六大报告部分词汇•reform and opening up and in the modernization drive 改革开放和社会主义现代化建设•put into practice the guiding principles of the Sixteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) under the leadership of the CPC and the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents 以邓小平理论和”三个代表”重要思想为指导，贯彻落实党的十六大精神•Per capita GDP 人均国内生产总值•financial strength grew noticeably 财力明显增强•total government revenue 全国财政收入•total import and export volume 进出口总额•laid-off workers 下岗失业人员•urban per capita disposable income 城镇居民人均可支配收入•rural per capita net income 农民人均纯收入•grew in real terms 实际增长•first manned spaceflight 首次载人航天飞行•overall national strength 综合国力•communicable disease 传染性疾病如对你有帮助，请购买下载打赏，谢谢！•mobilized the general public throughout the country to control the outbreak 在全国范围内实行群防群控•primary-level organizations 基层组织•prevention and treatment work 预防救治工作•anti-SARS campaign 抗击非典斗争•expand domestic demand 扩大内需•a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy 积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策•macro-control 宏观调控•rectify and standardize the order of the land market 整顿和规范土地市场秩序•stop disorderly and unauthorized acquisition of farmland 制止乱征滥占耕地•deposit-reserve ratio 存款准备金率•an appropriate amount of fine-tuning 适度微调•agriculture, rural areas and farmers "三农"•major grain producing areas 粮食主产区•important raw and processed materials 重要原材料•strategic restructuring of the economy 经济结构战略性调整•the second phase of the key water control project at the Three Gorges on the Yangtze River 三峡水利枢纽二期工程•transmitting natural gas from the west to the east 西气东输•transmission of electricity from the west to the east 西电东送•south-to-north water diversion project 南水北调工程•large-scale development of the western region 西部大开发•social undertakings 社会事业•treasury bonds 国债•national public health system 全国公共卫生体系•public health infrastructure 公共卫生设施•pilot projects 试点项目•medical care system and medical assistance system 医疗制度和医疗合作制度•central budget 中央财政预算•modern distance education 现代远程教育•strategically important hi-tech research 战略高技术研究•industrial application of new and high technologies 高新技术产业化•a national medium- to long-range program for scientific and technological development 国家中长期科学和技术发展规划•feasibility studies 可行性研究•family planning work 计划生育工作•land and resources administration 国土资源管理•social security work 社会保障工作•vital interests 切身利益•employment and reemployment 就业再就业•college expansion plan 高校扩招计划•regular institutions of higher learning 普通高校•"two guarantees" (guaranteeing that the living allowances for workers laid off from state-owned enterprises and that the pensions of retirees are paid on time and in full) "两个确保"（确保国有企业下岗职工的基本生活，确保离退休人员的基本生活，保证按时足额发放基本养老金）•"three-stage guarantee" for laid-off workers "三条保障线"（国有企业下岗职工基本生活保障、失业保险、城市居民最低生活保障制度三条保障线）•subsistence allowances for the urban poor 城市居民最低生活保障•special funds 专项资金•ex-servicemen 退役军人•disabled revolutionary servicemen 革命伤残军人•post-disaster reconstruction 灾后重建•the problem of wage arrears for migrant rural workers 拖欠农民工工资问题•institutional innovation 体制创新•state assets 国有资产•a mechanism for oversight and management of the banking sector 银行业监管体系•administrative examination and approval system 行政审批制度•Fresh progress was made in transforming state-owned enterprises into stock companies. 国有企业股份制改革继续推进。

时事政治词汇国内时事Domestic Affairs中国共产党第十七次全国代表大会17th National Congress of Communist Party of China (17th NCCPC)中央政治局Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the CPC中央纪律检查委员会Central Commission for Discipline Inspection中共中央委员会CPC Central Committee全国人民代表大会(简称全国人大) National People’s Congress (NPC)九届全国人大四次会议the Fourth Session of the Ninth National People’s Congress全国人大代表deputy to the National People’s Congress全国人民代表大会主席团the NPC Presidium全国人民代表大会常务委员会the NPC Standing Committee全国人民代表大会常务委员会办公厅the general offices of the NPC Standing Committee中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会(简称全国政协) National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)中国政协委员member of the National Committee of CPPCC最高人民法院Supreme People’s Court最高人民法院院长President of the Supreme People’s Court最高人民检察院Supreme People’s Procuratorate最高人民检察院检察长Procurator-General国务院State Council外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs国防部Ministry of National Defense国家发展计划委员会State Development Planning Commission国家经济贸易委员会State Economic and Trade Commission教育部Ministry of Education科学技术部Ministry of Science and Technology国防科学技术工业委员会Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense国家民族事务委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission公安部Ministry of Public Security安全部Ministry of State Security监察部Ministry of Supervision民政部Ministry of Civil Affairs司法部Ministry of Justice财政部Ministry of Finance人事部Ministry of Personnel劳动和社会保障部Ministry of Labor and Social Security国土资源部Ministry of Land and Natural Resources建设部Ministry of Construction铁道部Ministry of Railways交通部Ministry of Communications信息产业部Ministry of Information Technology and Telecommunications水利部Ministry of Water Resources农业部Ministry of Agriculture对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Co-operation文化部Ministry of Culture卫生部Ministry of Health国家计划生育委员会State Family Planning Commission中国人民银行People’s Bank of China审计署Auditing Administration中共中央总书记General Secretary, the CPC Central Committee政治局常委Member, Standing Committee of Political Bureau, the CPC Central Committee 政治局委员Member, Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee书记处书记Member, secretariat of the CPC Central Committee中央委员Member, Central Committee候补委员Alternate Member省委/市委书记Secretary,…Provincial/Municipal Committee of the CPC党组书记secretary, Party Leadership Group中华人民共和国主席/副主席President/Vice President, the People’s Republic of China全国人大委员长/副委员长Chairman/Vice Chairman, National People’s Congress秘书长Secretary-General主任委员Chairman委员Member（地方人大）主任Chairman, Local People’s Congress人大代表Deputy to the People’s Congress国务院总理Premier, State Council副总理Vice Premier国务委员State Councilor秘书长Secretary-General（国务院各委员会）主任Minister in Charge of Commission for（国务院各部）部长Minister部长助理Assistant Minister司长Director局长Director省长Governor常务副省长Executive Vice Governor自治区人民政府主席Chairman, Autonomous Regional People’s Government地区专员Commissioner, prefecture香港特别行政区行政长官Chief Executive, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region市长/副市长Mayor/Vice Mayor区长Chief Executive, District Government县长Chief Executive, County Government乡镇长Chief Executive, Township Government秘书长Secretary-General办公厅主任Director, General Office（部委办）主任Director处长/副处长Division Chief/Deputy Division Chief科长/股长Section Chief科员Clerk/Officer有中国特色的社会主义民主政治socialist democratic politics with Chinese characteristics邓小平理论Deng Xiaoping Theory三个代表three represents theory (the Party must always represent the requirements of the development of China’s advanced productive forces, the orientation of the development of China’s advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people in China.)高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜，全面贯彻“三个代表”重要思想hold high the banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and carry out the important thoughts of "Three Represents"坚持解放思想、实事求是的思想路线，弘扬与时俱进的精神adhere to the ideological guideline of emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, and upholds the spirit of advancing with time. 两大历史性课题（提高党的执政能力和领导水平、提高拒腐防变和抵御风险能力）the two major historic subjects of enhancing the abilities of administration and art of leadership and resisting corruption, guarding against degeneration and warding off risks.全面推进党的建设的新的伟大工程forge ahead with the new great project of Party building三讲教育：讲学习，讲政治，讲正气three emphases education (to stress theoretical study, political awareness and good conduct)新闻发布会news conference政府工作报告government’s work report国有企业state-owned enterprises (SOE)人均国内生产总值per-capita gross domestic product (GDP)国民生产总值gross national product (GNP)经济房low-cost housing西部大开发the strategy of developing the western region西部大开发战略develop-the-west strategy扩大住房贷款，助学贷款和大件消费品贷款expand housing loans, student loans and major commodity loans弱势群体disadvantaged groups (对弱势群体给予特殊的就业援助。

时事政经词汇篇来源：发布时间：2007-07-20 14:29:29时事政经词汇(1)1 站在新起点on a new starting point2 创新型国家innovation-oriented country3 资源节约型社会resource-conserving society4 资源型城市转型transformation of resource-dependent cities5 区别对待，有保有压the principle of taking different approaches to different situations and encouraging the growth of some sectors while discouraging the expansion of others6 “五个统筹” maintain the "five balances" (balancing urban and rural development, development among regions, economic and social development, development of man and nature, and domestic development and opening up to the outside world)7 鼓励、支持和引导非公有制经济encourage, support and guide the growth of the non-public sector of the economy8 发扬成绩build on our achievements9 环保专项治理special projects to address serious environmental problems10 保护天然林protect virgin forests时事政经词汇(2)1 退牧还草return grazing land to grassland2 退耕还林还草return farmland to forests or grassland3 石漠化spread of stony deserts4 防沙治沙prevent and control desertification5 生态补偿机制a mechanism for ecological compensation6 农村综合试点改革trials of comprehensive rural reform7 农机具补贴subsidies for agricultural machinery and tools8 良种补贴subsidies for growing superior grain cultivators9 多予少取放活the policy of giving more, taking less and loosening control (to increase rural incomes)10 “三提五统” "three deductions" (for public reserve funds, public welfare funds and management fees) and the "five charges" (charges for rural education, family planning, militia training, rural road construction and subsidies to entitled groups)时事政经词汇(3)1 看病难、看病贵，上学难、上学贵the difficulty and high cost of getting medical treatment and receiving an education2 粮食安全food safety3 农村劳动力转移培训job training for farm laborers looking for urban employment4 防止“一哄而起” avoid herd men tality5 农村信用社体制the system of rural credit cooperatives6 牧业税livestock tax7 资源税resource tax8 农业面源污染widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area9 政策性关闭破产policy-based closure and bankruptcy10 企业分离办社会relieve enterprises of their obligation to operate social programs时事政经词汇(4)1 城市和国有企业厂办大集体collectively owned factories operated by state-owned enterprises and cities2 上市公司股权分置改革reform of the shareholder structure of listed companies3 人民币汇率形成机制改革reform of the mechanism for setting the renminbi exchange rate4 利率形成和传导机制setting and transmitting interest rates5 国债余额管理方式the method of outstanding balance management for its national debt6 建立财政性科技投入稳定增长机制establish a mechanism to ensure stable growth of government investment in science and technology7 坚持国家绝对控股keep a controlling share in the state's hands8 强化银行资本充足率约束strengthen capital requirements for banks9 政府收支分类改革reformation of the classification of government revenue and expenditures10 投资主体和产权多元化investment from various sources and diversified ownership时事政经词汇(5)1 重点优抚对象key entitled groups2 国家统一的职务与级别相结合的工资制度和工资正常增长机制a unified national salary system based on position and rank and a mechanism for regular pay increases3 保持共产党员先进性keep CPC members progressive, innovative andforward-thinking4 兴边富民vitalize border areas and enrich the people living there5 西部地区“两基”攻坚计划the plan to make nine-year compulsory education universal and to eliminate illiteracy among the young and middle-aged in the western region6 项目核准与备案project approval and record-keeping7 完善境外投资协调机制和风险控制机制improve the mechanisms for coordinating overseas investment and risk management8 过渡期transitional period9 官煤勾结government officials in cahoots with coalmine operatorsgovernment officials act in collusion with coalmine operators10重点抽查spot test with a focus on; a spot test focusing on时事政经词汇(6)1 采煤沉陷区sinkholes in coal mining areas棚户区shantytowns2 传销及变相传销pyramid schemes and the ones in disguised forms3 手机实名制mobile phone identification policy4 福利腐败corruption in the execution of welfare policy5 内外资企业所得税统一the unity of income taxes levied from domestic andforeign-funded enterprises6 论文崇拜the worship of research paper; the worship of scientific paper|7 以房养老use house property as the living means for one's old age; using house property as the living means for the aged8 《中华人民共和国公司法》Company Law of the People's Republic of China9 《重大动物疫情应急条例》Emergency Measures for Handling Major Animal Epidemics10《关于预防煤矿生产安全事故的特别规定》Special Regulations for Preventing Coalmine Accidents11 《国家突发公共事件总体应急预案》Master State Plan for Rapid Response to Public Emergencies12 《信访条例》Regulations on Petitions in the Form of Letters and Visits。

时政英语词汇(一)联合国粮农组织, United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)小康水平, A well-off/well-to-do standard of living小康社会, A well-off society扶贫, Help alleviate poverty扶贫运动, Anti-poverty programs脱贫致富, To shake off poverty and set out on the road to prosperity星火计划, Spark Program国务院扶贫办公室, The State Council’s Poverty Relief Office退耕还林, To revert farmlands to forests植树造林, Afforestation农村集市, Rural fair发展生产，繁荣经济, Develop production and bring about a prosperous economy多种产业经济, Multi-industrial economy共同繁荣（富裕）, Common prosperity使农民走上富裕之路, To put farmers onto the way to wealth达到小康水平, Attain the well-off standard/achieve modest wealth解决温饱问题, Find a solution to basic problems of livelihood/solve the problems of food and clothing贫困地区, The hinterland/poverty-stricken areas中西部地区, The western and middle regions为吃穿问题发愁, To worry about sufficient food and clothing灾区, Disaster area农业制度改革, Agricultural system reforms农业结构改革, A restructuring reform in agriculture农村经济改革, Rural economic reforms深化农村业改革, Deep the rural reform吃大锅饭, To feed on a communal pot打破大锅饭, To break up a communal pot发展乡镇企业, To develop township enterprises发展集体经济, To develop collective economy兴修水利, To launch water-conservancy projects多种农业经营, A diversified economy in agriculture减轻农民负担, Alleviate farmers’ heavy load/relieve peasants of their heavy burdens国际贸易, International trade补偿贸易, Compensation trade转口贸易, Transit trade/entrepot trade贸易伙伴, Trading partner贸易争端, Trade disputes贸易顺差, Favorable trade balance贸易逆差, Unfavorable trade balance过境贸易, Transit trade贸易自由化, Trade liberalization自由贸易市场, Free markets and fairs乡村贸易市场, Village fair and rural market国际贸易顺差, Foreign trade surplus国际贸易逆差, Foreign trade deficits海关总署, General Customs Administration国际收支平衡, Balance of international payments互惠合同, Reciprocal contract签订合同, To sign a contract撕毁合同, To tear up a contract跳蚤市场, Flea market拍卖市场, Auction market劳务市场, Labor market繁荣市场, Flourish the market调节市场, Regulate the market逛夜市, Visit night markets乱收费, Random charges提供销售奖券, Offer lottery tickets with purchasing薄利多销, To promote sales by lowering the profit margin市场疲软, A sluggish market单方贸易制裁, Unilateral trade sanctions双边贸易总额, Bilateral trade volume采取优惠政策, Adopt/launch a preferential policy建立经常的贸易联系, To establish regular trade relations中国国际贸易促进会, China Council for the promotion of International Trade中国远洋运输总公司, China General Ocean Shipping Company欧洲自由贸易区, European Free Trade Area国际贸易中心, International Trade Center北大西洋公约组织, North Atlantic Treaty Organization/NATO加入世贸组织, Accession/entry to the WTO关贸总协定, The General Agreement of Tariffs and Trade/GA TT最惠国待遇, Most-Favored-Nation treatment互惠的基础上, On a reciprocal basis严格产品质量检查制度, To strictly observe the rules for checking quality of products 乌拉圭回合谈判, The Uruguay Round一揽子协议, The package agreements商品贸易, Merchandise trade金融服务自由化, Financial service liberalization贸易国, Trading nations银行业执照, Banking licenses（中国）新的经济增长点, A new growth point of China’s economy摆脱困境, To be lifted from the difficulty situation饱和, Saturation逼债, Press sb to pay off the debts部委, Ministries and commissions财团, Consortium; syndicate财政、税收制度, The fiscal and taxation system。

如对你有帮助，请购买下载打赏，谢谢！时政热点词汇1．经济的快速发展the rapid development of economy 2．人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people's living standard 3．先进的科学技术advanced science and technology 4．面临新的机遇和挑战be faced with new opportunities and challenges5．人们普遍认为It is commonly believed/ recognized that…6．社会发展的必然结果the inevitable result of social development7．引起了广泛的公众关注arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention8．不可否认It is undeniable that…/ There is no denying that…9．热烈的讨论/ 争论a heated discussion/ debate10．有争议性的问题a controversial issue11．完全不同的观点a totally different argument12．一些人…而另外一些人…Some people…while others…13．就我而言/ 就个人而言As far as I am concerned, / Personally14．就…达到绝对的一致reach an absolute consensus on…15．有充分的理由支持be supported by sound reasons 16．双方的论点argument on both sides17．发挥着日益重要的作用play an increasingly important role in…18．对…必不可少be indispensable to …19．正如谚语所说As the proverb goes:20．…也不例外…be no exception21．对…产生有利/不利的影响exert positive/ negative effects on…22．利远远大于弊the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages.23．导致，引起lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in 24．复杂的社会现象a complicated social phenomenon 25．责任感/ 成就感sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement26．竞争与合作精神sense of competition and cooperation 27．开阔眼界widen one's horizon/ broaden one's vision 28．学习知识和技能acquire knowledge and skills29．经济/心理负担financial burden / psychological burden 30．考虑到诸多因素take many factors into account/ consideration31．从另一个角度from another perspective 32．做出共同努力make joint efforts33．对…有益be beneficial / conducive to…34．为社会做贡献make contributions to the35．打下坚实的基础lay a solid foundation for…36．综合素质comprehensive quality37．无可非议blameless / beyond reproach39．致力于/ 投身于be committed / devoted to…40．应当承认Admittedly41．不可推卸的义务unshakable duty42．满足需求satisfy/ meet the needs of…43．可靠的信息源a reliable source of information44．宝贵的自然资源valuable natural resources45．因特网the Internet （一定要由冠词，字母I 大写）46．方便快捷convenient and efficient47．在人类生活的方方面面in all aspects of human life 48．环保（的）environmental protection / environmentally friendly49．社会进步的体现a symbol of society progress50．科技的飞速更新the ever-accelerated updating of science and technology51．对这一问题持有不同态度hold different attitudes towards this issue52．支持前/后种观点的人people / those in fovor of the former/ latteropinion53．有/ 提供如下理由/ 证据have/ provide the following reasons/ evidence54．在一定程度上to some extent/ degree / in some way 55．理论和实践相结合integrate theory with practice 56．…必然趋势an irresistible trend of…57．日益激烈的社会竞争the increasingly fierce social competition58．眼前利益immediate interest/ short-term interest59．长远利益. interest in the long run60．…有其自身的优缺点…has its merits and demerits/ advantages and disadvantages61．扬长避短Exploit to the full one’s favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable ones62．取其精髓，取其糟粕Take the essence and discard the dregs. 63．对…有害do harm to / be harmful to/ be detrimental to 64．交流思想/ 情感/ 信息exchange ideas/ emotions/ information65．跟上…的最新发展keep pace with / catch up with/ keep abreast with the latest development of …66．采取有效措施来…take effective measures to do sth.如对你有帮助，请购买下载打赏，谢谢！67．…的健康发展the healthy development of …68．有利有弊Every coin has its two sides. No garden without weeds.69．对…观点因人而异Views on …vary from person to person.70．重视attach great importance to…71．社会地位social status72．把时间和精力放在…上focus time and energy on…73．扩大知识面expand one’s scope of knowledge 74．身心两方面both physically and mentally75．有直接/间接关系be directly / indirectly related to…76．提出折中提议set forth a compromise proposal 77．可以取代“think”的词believe, claim, maintain, argue, insist, hold the opinion/ belief that\时政热点词汇1. 科学发展观scientific outlook (thinking) on development2. 倡导公正、合理的新秩序观to call for the establishment of a just and equitable new order 3. 以平等互利为核心的新发展观new thinking (outlook) on development focusing on equality and mutual benefit4. 推动树立以互信、互利、平等和协作为主要内容的新安全观foster new thinking on security featuring mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and coordination5. 主张形成以尊重多样性为特点的新文明观foster new thinking featuring the respect for different civilizations6. 新能源观new thinking on energy development7. 疏导公众情绪defuse (allay, ease) (public) anger (discontent, resentment and complaints); properly channel public sentiments8. 诚信缺失lack of credibility9. 发展为了人民、发展依靠人民、发展成果由人民共享development for the people, by the people and to the benefit of all the people10. 和谐共赢harmony for all winners; harmonious and win-win scenario; all-win harmony11. 真正意义上的和谐社会在逐步发展a harmonious society in its true sense is emerging; a truly harmonious society is emerging12. 实现社会公平与正义to ensure social equity and justice13. 利益协调机制interest coordinating (balancing) mechanism14. 社会救助体系social assistance (aid) system15. 人民群众安全感people’s sense of security时政热点词汇•Deepening reform and opening up 深化改革扩大开放•The theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics建设有中国特色的社会主义理论•The theory on the initial stage of socialism 社会主义初级阶段的理论•One focus, two basic points 一个中心，两个基本点•Focus on economic construction 以经济建设为中心•Adhere to the four cardinal principles 坚持四项基本原则•Adhere to reforms and opening to the outside world 坚持改革开放•Seizing the opportunity, deepening the reform, opening 抓住机遇，深化改革，•wider to the rest of the world, promoting development, maintaining stability扩大开放，促进发展，保持稳定•Whether it would be beneficial to developing socialist productive forces是否有利于发展社会主义生产力•Whether it would be beneficial to enhancing the overall strength of the country是否有利于增强综合国力•Whether it would be beneficial to raising people’s living standard是否有利于提高人民生活水平•Taking the socialist public ownership as the mainstay 以社会主义公有制为主体•Common development of multi-economic sectors 多种经济成分共同发展•Establishment of socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济的建立Deepening economic reform 深化经济改革•Relationships among reform, development and stability 改革发展和稳定的关系•Deepening of reform and promotion of development 深化改革与促进发展•Economic growth and social progress 经济增长与社会进步•Strengthen the position of agriculture 加强农业的基础地位•Science and technology are the primary productive forces 科学技术是第一生产力如对你有帮助，请购买下载打赏，谢谢！•Strengthen the socialist legal system 加强社会主义法制•A series of policies and measures 一系列政策措施•Reform and opening up policy 改革开放政策•Reform measures 改革措施•Speed up reform 加快改革•Reform of economic system 经济体制改革•Reform of state-owned enterprises 国有企业改革•Strengthen the management of state-owned property 加强国有资产管理•Reform of management of state-owned property 国有资产管理体制改革•Reform of property rights system 产权制度改革•Reform of commodity circulation 商品流通体制改革•Reform of foreign trade system 外贸体制改革•Reform of personnel system 人事制度改革•Reform of social security system 社会保险制度改革•Reform of housing system 住房制度改革•Planning system 计划管理体制•Transferring the function of government 转换政府职能•Open door policy 开放政策•Open economy 开放经济•Open-door to the outside world 对外开放•Opening up 扩大开放•Open domestic market 开放国内市场•Introduce foreign capital, advanced technology and 引进外国的资金，先进技术和•managerial experiences 管理经验•Economic and technical development zone 经济技术开发区•Special economic zones in coastal areas 沿海经济特区•One country, two systems 一国两制•Special administrative region 特别行政区•Contract responsibility system with remuneration linked 家庭联产承包责任制•to the household•Narrowing the gap between the rich and poor 缩小贫富差距•Eliminate poverty 消除贫困•Common prosperity 共同富裕•ECONOMY AND MARKET ECONOMY 经济和市场经济•Socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济•Socialist sector of economy 社会主义经济成分•State-owned economy 国有经济•Non-state economy 非国有经济•Collective economy 集体经济•Individual economy 个体经济•Coexistence of various economic composition 多种经济成分共存•Sustained, rapid and sound economic development 持续，快速和健康的经济发展•National economic budget 国民经济预算•Comprehensive development of economy 经济综合发展•Strategy for economic development 经济发展战略•Theory of macroeconomic policy 宏观经济政策理论•Macroeconomic decision 宏观经济决策•Microeconomic phenomenon 微观经济现象•Traditional planned economy 传统的计划经济•Stimulate economic development 刺激经济发展•Commodity economy 商品经济•Market economy 市场经济•Free market economy 自由市场经济•Developed market economy 发达的市场经济•Developing market economy 发展中的市场经济•Emerging market economy 新兴市场经济•Mature market economy 成熟市场经济•Market economy country 市场经济国家•Extensive economy 粗放型经济•Intensive economy 集约型经济•Transform the extensive economic 粗放型经济转变为•mode into intensive one 集约型经济•Mixed economy 混合经济•Regional economy 地区经济•Internal-oriented economy 内向型经济•Closed economy 闭关自守经济•Economic growth point 经济增长点•Economic growth mode 经济增长方式•Economic growth rate 经济增长率•Economy measure 经济手段•Diversified economy 多种经济，多样化经济•Economic situation 经济形势•Economic cycle 经济周期•Economic fluctuation 经济波动•Economic miracle 经济奇迹•Economic take-off 经济起飞•Economic recovery 经济复苏•Economic potential 经济潜力•Economic sanction 经济制裁。

100个时政热点名词100个时政热点名词1. 中美贸易战2. 一带一路3. 人工智能4. 环境污染5. 黄金十年6. 社会主义核心价值观7. 全球治理8. 区块链技术9. 变革开放10. 经济全球化11. 文化自信12. 扶贫攻坚13. 互联网+14. 创新驱动15. 绿色发展16. 反腐斗争17. 乡村振兴18. 打好污染防治攻坚战19. 共享经济20. 国际影响力21. 科技创新22. 供给侧结构性改革23. 民主法治24. 数字经济25. 脱贫攻坚26. 网络安全27. 社会治理体系现代化28. 双创示范基地29. 生态文明建设30. 多边主义31. 制度建设32. 人类命运共同体33. 供给侧改革34. 科技兴军35. 精准扶贫36. 教育现代化37. 国防现代化38. 网络强国39. 低碳经济40. 生猪产能恢复41. 社会信用体系42. 第四次工业革命43. 基层党建44. 制度自信45. “中国制造2025”46. 大众创业47. 港珠澳大桥48. 群众路线49. 创新创业50. 人民军队革命化、现代化、正规化51. 粮食安全52. 平安中国53. 农村土地制度改革54. 互联网金融55. 双创政策56. 数字中国57. 一国两制58. 河长制59. 科学发展观60. 分配制度改革61. 江苏维权平台62. 建设现代化经济体系63. 女性儿童权益保护64. 高等教育创新计划65. 房地产市场调控66. 互联网法院67. 十三五规划68. 外交政策69. 大气污染防治70. 主权国家71. 人文交流72. 医疗改革73. 科技创新中心74. 内地与香港、澳门全面深化合作75. 物流发展76. 社会主义现代化强国77. 物联网78. 金融风险防控79. 老龄化社会80. 在线教育81. 供应侧改革82. 中小企业创新83. 海外华人华侨84. 智能制造85. 农村电商86. 外商投资法87. 工匠精神88. 建筑工地安全89. 三农问题90. 精准医疗91. 互联网医疗92. 改革创新93. 高质量发展94. 乡村振兴战略95. 大数据应用96. 部门协同97. 文明交流互鉴98. 版权保护99. 公平正义100. 部门综合行政执法以上是100个时政热点名词，涵盖了国内外的各个领域。

1. 真正意义上的和谐社会在逐步发展a harmonious society in its true sense is emerging; a truly harmonious society is emerging2. 实现社会公平与正义to ensure social equity and justice3. 利益协调机制interest coordinating (balancing) mechanism4. 社会救助体系social assistance (aid) system5. 人民群众安全感people’s sense of security6. 廉政文化建设to foster a culture of clean government7. 减少社会不平等现象to reduce social inequality8. 和谐相处to live in harmony9. 为和谐创造雄厚的物质基础to create a solid material base for social harmony10. 和谐社会的内涵the implications of social harmony the characteristics of harmonious society1. 科学发展观scientific outlook (thinking) on development2. 倡导公正、合理的新秩序观to call for the establishment of a just and equitable new order3. 以平等互利为核心的新发展观new thinking (outlook) on development focusing on equality and mutual benefit4. 推动树立以互信、互利、平等和协作为主要内容的新安全观foster new thinking on security featuring mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and coordination1. 实现物质和精神、民主和法治、公平和效率、活力和秩序的有机统一。

时事政治词汇出口退税机制Export tax rebate system多年积累的深层次问题Long-standing and deep-seated problems改善缺医少药的状况Alleviate the shortage of medical services and medicines阶段性政策Interim policy 公正Notary service国有商业银行股份制改造试点方案加强农村，支持农业，保护农业Pilot plan to transform state-owned commercial banks into stock entities strengthen, support and protect agriculture粮食风险基金Grain risk fund 盲目投资Haphazard investment南水北调工程东线Eastern route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project 农村非农产业Non-agricultural industries in rural areas农村税费改革试点Experimental reform of rural taxes and administrative charges 农民人均纯收入Rural per capita net income 配套措施Supporting measures群众体育Amateur sports 森工Logging industry社会投资Nongovernmental investment 贴息贷款Soft loan拖欠工程款Default on construction cost 文化体制改革Cultural restructuring 县乡机构改革Reforms of county and township government institutions消费信贷Consumption on credit循环经济和情节生产Recycling industries and clean production 优先安置Hiring preference增强经济发展后劲Increase the potential for economic development政府工作的着力点The government’s priorities执法过错追究制Mechanism for investigating and prosecuting law enforcement improprieties职工代表大会Workers’ conference重大问题集体决策制度、专家咨询制度、社会公式和社会听证制度、决策责任制度Systems for making collective decisions on major issues, for soliciting opinions from experts, for keeping the public informed and holding public hearings, and for accountability in policy-making主辅分离、辅业改制Separate secondary lines of business from core business, turn secondary lines into independent companies做好资源型城市经济转型Transform the resource-based economies of certain cities 《城市生活无着的流浪乞丐人员的救助管理办法》Measures for assisting vagrants and beggars with no means of support in cities适当增加中央预算内经常性建设投资Appropriately increase investment from the central budget for regular construction安全专项整治Carry out more special programs to address safety problems保证物流畅通Ensure unimpeded flow of goods and materials超期羁押Detention beyond the legally prescribed time limits独立自主自办的原则Principle of independence and self-governance供养资金Funding国有企业下岗职工基本生活保障向失业保险并轨Integrate the subsistence allowances for laid-off workers into the unemployment insurance system 基本建成覆盖城乡、功能完善的疾病预防控制和医疗救治体系Establish a fully functioning system for disease prevention and control and for emergency medical aid that covers both urban and rural areasreform and opening up and in the modernization drive改革开放和社会主义现代化建设put into practice the guiding principles of the Sixteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) under the leadership of the CPC and the guidanceof Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents 以邓小平理论和”三个代表” 重要思想为指导，贯彻落实党的十六大精神Per capita GDP 人均国内生产总值financial strength grew noticeably 财力明显增强total government revenue 全国财政收入total import and export volume 进出口总额laid-off workers 下岗失业人员urban per capita disposable income 城镇居民人均可支配收入rural per capita net income 农民人均纯收入grew in real terms 实际增长first manned spaceflight 首次载人航天飞行overall national strength 综合国力communicable disease 传染性疾病mobilized the general public throughout the country to control the outbreak在全国范围内实行群防群控primary-level organizations 基层组织prevention and treatment work 预防救治工作anti-SARS campaign 抗击非典斗争expand domestic demand 扩大内需macro-control 宏观调控a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策rectify and standardize the order of the land market 整顿和规范土地市场秩序stop disorderly and unauthorized acquisition of farmland制止乱征滥占耕地deposit-reserve ratio 存款准备金率an appropriate amount of fine-tuning适度微调agriculture, rural areas and farmers "三农"major grain producing areas 粮食主产区important raw and processed materials 重要原材料strategic restructuring of the economy 经济结构战略性调整the second phase of the key water control project at the Three Gorges on the YangtzeRiver 三峡水利枢纽二期工程transmitting natural gas from the west to the east 西气东输transmission of electricity from the west to the east 西电东送south-to-north water diversion project 南水北调工程large-scale development of the western region 西部大开发social undertakings 社会事业treasury bonds 国债national public health system 全国公共卫生体系public health infrastructure 公共卫生设施pilot projects 试点项目medical care system and medical assistance system 医疗制度和医疗合作制度central budget 中央财政预算modern distance education 现代远程教育strategically important hi-tech research 战略高技术研究industrial application of new and high technologies 高新技术产业化a national medium- to long-range program for scientific and technological development 国家中长期科学和技术发展规划feasibility studies 可行性研究family planning work 计划生育工作land and resources administration 国土资源管理social security work 社会保障工作vital interests 切身利益employment and reemployment 就业再就业college expansion plan 高校扩招计划regular institutions of higher learning 普通高校"two guarantees" (guaranteeing that the living allowances for workers laid off from state-owned enterprises and that the pensions of retirees are paid on time and in full) "两个确保"（确保国有企业下岗职工的基本生活，确保离退休人员的基本生活，保证按时足额发放基本养老金）"three-stage guarantee" for laid-off workers "三条保障线"（国有企业下岗职工基本生活保障、失业保险、城市居民最低生活保障制度三条保障线）subsistence allowances for the urban poor 城市居民最低生活保障special funds 专项资金ex-servicemen 退役军人disabled revolutionary servicemen 革命伤残军人post-disaster reconstruction 灾后重建the problem of wage arrears for migrant rural workers 拖欠农民工工资问题institutional innovation 体制创新state assets 国有资产a mechanism for oversight and management of the banking sector银行业监管体系administrative examination and approval system 行政审批制度Fresh progress was made in transforming state-owned enterprises into stock companies. 国有企业股份制改革继续推进。

n.众议院senate /‵senit/ 参议院congress n. 国会；会议；代表大会；社交parliament n. 议会，国会legislation n,立法jurisdiction n. 司法权，审判权，管辖权；权限，权力democratic adj. 民主党的side v. 支持cabinet /‵kəebinit/ n.内阁coalition /kəue‵lifən/ n.联合vt. 猛砍；鞭打；严厉批评；大幅度裁减或削减vi. 猛砍；严厉批评n. 猛砍；斜线；砍痕；削减；沼泽低地smash vt. 使破产；粉碎；溃裂n. 破碎；冲突；大败；[羽]扣球vi. 粉adj. 了不起的；非常轰动的；出色的stifle vt. 使窒息；扼杀；藏匿；压制vi. 窒息；被扼杀n. （马等的）后膝关节；（马等的）后膝关节病incoming adj. 即将来临的offshore adj.近海的posturing n. 故作姿态pervasive adj. 普遍的；到处渗透的imperative adj. 必要的，势在必行的；命令的；紧急的n. 命令；祈使语气；规则；需要overhaul vt. 分解检查，大修；追上并超过n. 彻底检修，详细检查sentiment n. 感情，情绪；观点；情操；多愁善感inherent adj. 固有的；内在的；与生俱来的，遗传的enforcement n. 执行，实施；强制thorny adj. 多刺的moratorium n. 延期偿付；暂停，中止groundbreaking n.动工milestone n.里程碑，划时代的事件wrangling n. 争论vitally adv. 紧要地；生死攸关地；极其overhead adv. 在头顶上；在空中；在高处adj. 高架的；在头上的；在头顶上的n. 天花板；经常费用plague n. 瘟疫；灾祸；麻烦；讨厌的人vt.折磨；使苦恼；使得灾祸e.g. crime-plagued 犯罪频发的reel vi.眩晕;卷；蹒跚地走；退缩vt.使旋转；卷n.蹒跚；眩晕；旋转conceal vt. 隐藏；隐瞒expulsion n. 开除；驱逐advocate vt. 提倡，主张，拥护n. 提倡者；支持者；律师acknowledge vt. 承认；答谢；报偿；告知已收到riveting adj. 吸引人的n. 铆接v. 用铆钉固定；集中于…tidings n.消息；音信headquarter vi. [口]设立总部vt.在…设总部subordinate n.下属，下级；部属，属下adj.次要的；从属的vt.使…居下位；使…服从graze vt. 擦伤；放牧vi. 吃草；擦伤n. 放牧；轻擦consort vi. 结交；陪伴；符合vt. 使结合；使联系n. 配偶；伙伴贯彻；从事；检举；依法进行vi. 告发；起诉；作检察官prosecution n. 起诉，检举；经营；进行morale /mɔ'rɑ:l/ n. 士气，斗志retention n. 扣留，滞留；保留；记忆力；[医]闭尿endemic adj. 风土的；地方性的n. 地方病flare vt. 使张开；使闪耀；用发光信号发出；使外倾vi. 闪耀，闪光；燃烧；突然发怒n. 闪光，闪耀；耀斑；照明弹；爆发pacify vt. 使平静；安慰；平定be ticked off about sth. 对…感到愤怒fallout n. 原子尘；放射性尘埃；原子尘微粒回降；附带结果unrest n. 不安；不安的状态；动荡的局面riot n. 暴乱；放纵；蔓延vi. 骚乱；放荡vt. 浪费，挥霍uprising n. 起义；升起adj. 升起的v. 升起；起义turmoil n. 混乱，骚动rebel vi. 造反；反叛；反抗n. 反叛者；叛徒adj.造反的；反抗的ɔs /n. 混沌，混乱levy n.征收；征兵，征税vt.征收（税等）；征集（兵等）vi.征税;征兵crew n. 全体人员，全体船员；队，组vi. 一起工作vt. 使当船员interim adj. 临时的，暂时的；中间的；间歇的n. 过渡时期，中间时期；暂定commemoration n. 纪念；纪念会；庆典brass n. 黄铜；黄铜制品；厚脸皮；铜管乐器ceremonial adj. 正式的，礼仪的；仪式的n. 仪式，礼节激怒；煽动；驱使；惹起provoking adj. 令人生气的，激怒人的；刺激的provocation n. 激怒；挑拨；挑衅刺激的，挑拨的；气人的n.刺激物，挑拨物；兴奋剂scope n. 视野；眼界；范围；余地；导弹射程vt. [俚]审视retard vt.妨碍；延迟；使减速；阻止vi.减慢;受到阻滞n.延迟；阻止retract vt. 缩回；缩进；取消vi. 缩回；缩进；撤消n. 收缩核有毒的；中毒的toxicity /tɔk'sisəti/ n. 毒性toxin n. 毒质；毒素toxoid /'tɔksɔid/ n. 类毒素detoxification /di:,tɔksifi'keiʃən/ n. 解毒；解毒作用mire n.泥潭；泥沼vi.陷于泥坑；陷入困境vt.使陷于泥坑；使陷入困境embroil vt. 使卷入；使混乱resurgent adj. 复活的；复苏的n. 复活者venue n. 审判地；犯罪地点；发生地点；集合地点；场地，场馆n. 赝品；冒牌货；假装粗俗adj. 劣质的；假冒的；卑劣的counterfeit vt. 伪造，仿造；假装，伪装vi. 仿造；假装n. 伪造品冒牌货；赝品adj. 假冒的，伪造的；虚伪的phony adj. [口]假的，欺骗的n. 假冒者；赝品hype n. 大肆宣传；皮下注射vt. 大肆宣传；使…兴奋graft vi.嫁接；移植；贪污vt.嫁接；移植；贪污n.嫁接；移植；赎职sheen n.光辉，光泽，光彩adj.光辉的；有光泽的；华丽的vi.闪耀；发光uranium /ju'reiniəm/ n. [化]铀on high alert 高度警戒的状态dispatch n. 派遣；急件vt. 派遣；[计算机]分派adj. 致命的；重大的；毁灭性的；命中注定的fatality n. 致命性；死亡；不幸；灾祸；宿命fatally adv. 致命地；命中注定地；不可避免地fatalism n. 宿命论Poles 波兰人Poland n. 波兰Turkey n. Turkish adj. New Delhi Somalin. 外观adj. 表面上的seemingly adv. 看来似乎；表面上看来n. 爱好者；业余爱好者；外行adj. 外行的；业余的amateurish adj. 业余的；不熟练的；外行的vi. 战战兢兢；神经过敏；抖动，跳动vt. 紧张地说；使…惶恐不安n. 振动，剧跳；紧张不安jittery adj. 神经过敏的；紧张不安的；战战兢兢的vt. 诱拐；绑架；[生]使外展abduction n. 诱拐，绑架；诱导adj. 突出的，显著的；杰出的；卓越的prominence n. 突出；突出物；显著；卓越adj. 迫近的；即将来临的adj. 受约束的；装有封面的；有义务的vt.束缚；使跳跃n. 跳跃；范围vi. 弹起；限制boundary n. 分界线；边界；范围bounden adj. 有界限的bounden adj.有责任的，必须负担的boundless adj.无限的；无边无n. 阴谋；情节；图vt. 密谋；划分；标绘；绘图vi. 密谋；策划；绘制plotter n. 阴谋者，策划者；绘图机culpable adj. 有罪的；该责备的；不周到的；应受处罚的whilst conj. 当…的时候；时时，有时；同时squad n. [军]班；小队；五人组（篮球队的非正式说法）；vt. 把…编成班；把…编入班n.职员；支撑；参谋；棒adj.行政工作的；职员的vt. 供给人员；给…配备职员vi.雇用工作人员stuff n.材料；东西；填充物；素材资料vt.填塞；塞满；让吃饱vi.吃得过多scope n. 视野；眼界；范围；余地；导弹射程vt. [俚]审视bail n.保释，保释人；保释金；杓vt.保释，帮助某人脱离困境；往外舀水verdict n. 裁定；结论rehabilitate vt.使康复；使恢复名誉；使恢复原状vi.复兴；复权；恢复正常生活pertain vi. 适合；属于；关于barrage n. 弹幕；阻塞；齐射式攻击；拦河坝vt. 以密集炮火进攻vi. 以密集火力阻击mishap n. 灾祸；不幸事故；[古]晦气extradition n. 引渡；亡命者送还本国accountability n. 可说明性；有义务；有责任magnanimous adj. 宽宏大量的；有雅量的；宽大的deadlock n. 僵局，停顿vi. 死锁；停顿vt. 停顿；相持不下coup n. 政变；妙计；出乎意料的行动；砰然的一击vt. 使…颠倒；使…倾斜vi. 推倒；倾斜；溢出供应品；准备；条款；规定vt. 供给…食物及必需品provisional adj. 临时的，暂时的；暂定的n. [美]临时邮票provisioning n. 准备金提取provisionally adv. 临时地，暂时地square adj.直角的；正方形的；正直的；平方的vt.使成方形；与…一致vi.成方形；一致n.平方；正方形；广场adv.成直角地taint vt. 污染；腐蚀；使感染n. 污点；感染vi. 败坏；被污染referendum n. 公民投票权；外交官请示书mandate n. 命令，指令；委托管理；授权；受命进行的工作vt. 托管；授权oath n. 誓言，誓约；诅咒，咒骂pledge staunch adj. 坚固的；坚定的；忠诚的vt. 止住；止血hail n. 冰雹；致敬；招呼；一阵vt. 招呼；猛发；致敬；向...欢呼；使像下雹样落下；vi. 下雹；招呼int. 欢迎；万岁reconciliation n. 和解；调和；和谐；甘愿endorse vt. 背书；签署；认可；赞同；在背面签名vt. 宣布放弃；与…断绝关系；垫牌vi. [律]放弃权利；垫牌n. 垫牌denounce vt. 谴责；告发；公然抨击；通告废除vt. 宣布；述说；预示；播报vi. 宣布参加竞选；当播音员rift n. 裂口；裂缝；不和vt. 使分开；使断裂vi. 裂开n. 破裂，断裂；骨折vi. 破裂；折断vt. 使破裂fractured adj. 断裂的；挫伤的；折裂的vt. 贬低...的身分；举止demeaning adj. 降低身份的；有损人格的demeanor n.身份低下的人adj. 有责任的，应服从的；有义务的；经得起检验的amend vt. 改善，改进；修改vi. 改正，改善；改过自新amends n. 赔偿；赔罪v. 改进；修订（amend的第三人称单数）n. 修正案；改正；改善vt. 击退；抵制；使厌恶；使不愉快repellent adj. 弹回的；排斥的；防水的；令人讨厌的n. 防护剂；防水布；排斥力n. 公布；颁布；普及；宣传vt. 公布；传播；发表n. 尊严；高贵dignitary n. 权贵，显要人物dignify vt. 使高贵；增威严；授以荣誉dignified adj. 有尊严的；高贵的；庄严的符号；象征；标志symbolic adj. 使用符号的；象征的；[语]符号的symbolics n. [宗]研究基督教信条的历史神学symbolize vt. 象证，代表vi. 用符号表示，使用符号象征，象征主义；符号论；记号旁观者；观众（等于spectator）adj. 旁观的；目击的n. 旁观；目击squabble vi. 发生口角；大声争吵vt. [印]弄乱（排好的铅字）n. 口角；争吵beleaguer vt. 围攻；围vt. 加强，加固；补充；强化vi. 求援；得到增援；给予更多的支持n. 加强；加固物；加固材料reinforcement n. 加固；增援；援军；加强加强的；加固的；加筋的逃避，躲避elusive adj. 难懂的；易忘的；逃避的；难捉摸的elusion n. 逃避；回避elusively adv. 易忘记地；巧妙逃避地vt. 说明；阐明elucidation n. 阐明；说明块；街区；障碍物；大厦vt. 阻塞；阻止；限制adj. 成批的，大块的；交通堵塞的blocks n. 积木；黑金石；街区；[音]双头木鱼；楼群（block的复数）v. 阻碍；封锁；使成块（block的三单形式）blocked adj. 堵塞的；被封锁的blockage n. 封锁；妨碍；堵塞，堵塞blockade vt. 封锁n. 阻塞n. 巨型炸弹；轰动；一鸣惊人者phrase n. 成语；习语；措词vt. 用短语表达；用语言表达vi. 用话表示phase n. 相；位相；阶段vt. 使定相；逐步执行vi. 逐步前进n. 诡计；恶作剧；窍门；骗局；欺诈；花招vt. 欺骗；哄骗；装饰；打扮vi. 哄骗；戏弄adj. 有决窍的；欺诈的；特技的tricky adj. 机警的；狡猾的trickery n. 欺骗；奸计；诡计trickle vi. 滴；细细地流；慢慢地移动vt. 使…滴；使…淌；使…细细地流n. 细流；滴，淌n. 会议；（法庭的）开庭；（议会等的）开会；学期；讲习会sessional adj. 开会的；法庭的；开庭的；会议的adj. 选出的；当选的；卓越的n. 被选的人；特殊阶层；上帝的选民vt. 选举；推选；选择vi. 做出选择；进行选举election n. 选举；当选；选择权；[宗]上帝的选拔elective adj. 选修的；选举的；选任的n. 选修课程elector n. 选举人；有选举权的人；总统选举人electorate n. 选民；选区electoral adj. 选举的；选举人的任命；安装；安顿installation n. 安装，装置；就职installment n. 分期付款；部分；就职；安装puppet n. 傀儡；木偶；受他人操纵的人vt. 辩论；阻止；抗拒；怀疑vi. 争论n. 辩论；争吵adj. 有争议的n. 形式，形状；形态，外形；表格；方式vt. 构成，组成；排列，组织；产生，塑造vi. 形成，构成；排列formal adj. 正式的；拘谨的；有条理的n. 正式的社交活动；夜礼服formalism n. 形式主义；[数]形式体系formalize vt. 使正式；使形式化；拘泥礼仪vi. 拘泥于形式formality n. 礼节；仪式；正式手续；拘谨版式；开本；格式vt. 规定…的格式；[计]使格式化vi. 设计版式heckle vt. 诘问；激烈质问；以麻梳梳理n. 麻梳pit n. 深坑；矿井；陷阱；（英国剧场的）正厅后排；（物体或人体表面上的）凹陷；正厅后排的观众vt. 窖藏；使竞争；使凹下；去…之核；使留疤痕vi. 凹陷；起凹点mull vt. 研磨；思索或思考某事物；使醉n. 混乱；软薄布vi. 深思熟虑replete adj. 充满的；装满的n. 贮蜜蚁jeer n. 嘲笑；戏弄；揶揄的言语vi. 嘲笑；戏弄vt. 嘲笑；戏弄formidable adj. 可怕的；令人敬畏的；艰难的；强大的火花；闪光；朝气vt.发动；鼓舞；求婚vi.发火花；闪烁；活力；火花；闪耀vt.使闪耀；使发光vi.闪耀；发泡；活跃take a hard line on sth. 在…采取强硬态度lash vt. 鞭打；摆动；扎捆；冲击；煽动；讽刺vi. 鞭打；猛击；急速甩动n. 鞭打；睫毛；鞭子；责骂；讽刺row n. 行，排；吵闹；划船；街道vt. 划船；使…成排vi.划船；争吵(第8页squabble)溺爱；糟蹋；掠夺vi. 变坏；掠夺；腐败n. 次品；奖品spoils n. 赃物；战利品（spoil的复数）spoilage n. 损坏，糟蹋；掠夺；损坏物被宠坏的=spoiltvt. 摇动；骚动；使…激动vi. 煽动【与ignite】区别agitated adj. 激动的；焦虑的；表现不安的agitation n. 搅动；煽动；激动；烦乱休息；休会；凹处vt. 使凹进；把…放在隐蔽处vi. 休息；休假recession n. 衰退；凹处；后退；不景气recessive adj. 隐性的；逆行的；后退的n. 隐性性状n. 策略；演习；调遣；机动vi. 调遣；演习；用计谋；机动vt. 演习；调遣；用计；机动manual adj. 体力的；手工的n. 手册，指南manufactory n. 制造厂，工厂n.制造；制造业；产品vt. 制造；加工；捏造vi. 制造inflammatory adj.煽动性强的asinine adj. 愚蠢的offset n. 抵消，补偿；平版印刷；支管vt. 抵消；弥补；用平版印刷术印刷vi. 装支管teeter vi. 摇晃；玩跷跷板；步履蹒跚；摇摇欲坠vt. 使…摇摆；使…上下晃动n. 跷跷板；摇摆dip vt. 浸，泡，蘸；舀取；把伸入vi. 浸；倾斜；下降，下沉；舀，掏n. 浸渍，蘸湿；倾斜；下沉，下降n. 货摊；畜栏；托辞vi. 停止，停转；拖延vt. 使停转；使陷于泥中；拖延stalling n. 失速，停转v. 把牲畜关进畜舍；使…熄火；停顿stalls n. 正厅前排座位（stall的复数形式）v. 使（汽车等）抛锚jam n. 果酱；拥挤；困境；[篮球]扣篮；vt. 使堵塞；挤进，使塞满；混杂；压碎；vi. 堵塞；轧住nettle vt. 剌激；惹恼；用荨麻刺n. 荨麻adj. 荨麻科的商业=business / commerceentrepreneur n. 企业家；承包人；主办者entre prep. （西）在…之间entreat vt. 恳求；请求vi. 乞求；恳求vt. 用壕沟围住；挖掘；确立，牢固vi. 侵犯；挖掘壕沟whilst conj. 当…的时候；时时，有时；同时wreck n. 失事；残骸；破坏；[口]失去健康的人vt. 破坏；使失事；拆毁vi. 失事；营救失事船只bowel n. 肠；内部；同情vt. 将……的肚肠取出giving the weight of sth. 鉴于……Judaism n.犹太教；犹太主义；（总称）犹太人nuance n.细微差别vendetta n. （尤指族间或血亲间的）仇杀；深仇出口；通风孔；（感情的）发泄vt. 发泄感情；放出…；给…开孔vi. （通过排泄等）减轻压力；放出ventilate vt. 使通风；给…装通风设备；宣布venture vt. 敢于vi. 冒险；投机n. 冒险；风险；企业venturous adj. 不顾一切的；好冒险的；大胆的indigenous adj. 本土的；国产的；固有的；土著的relentless exotic adj. 外来的；异国的；异国情调的exotica n. 新奇事物，异族事物endemic adj. 风土的；地方性的n. 地方病clan n.宗族；部落；集团clannish adj.排他的；氏族的；党派的t r ibe n. 部落；宗族；一伙；[生]族tribal adj. 部落的；种族的vt. 穿着，戴；磨损vi. 磨损，变旧n. 服装，穿着；损耗；耐用性，耐久性wearily adv. 疲倦地；无聊地；厌倦地adj. 疲倦的；厌烦的；令人厌烦的vi. 厌烦；疲倦vt. 使疲倦；使厌烦vt. 操作；操纵；巧妙地处理；篡改manifest vt. 证明，表明；显示vi. 显示，出现n. 旅客名单；载货单，货单adj. 明白的；显然的，明显的n. 宣言；声明；告示vi. 发表宣言adj. 不足的；缺乏的；勉强够的vt. 减少；节省；限制scanty adj. 缺乏的；吝啬的；仅有的；稀疏的/'bjuərəukræt/ n. 官僚主义者；官僚adj. 官僚政治的；官僚的renege vi. 食言；违例出牌vt. [古]否认n. 出牌违例+on sth subservience n. 有益；奉承，谄媚；从属性+to sb.clad adj. 穿衣的；覆盖的vt. 在金属外覆以另一种金属v. 穿衣dramatize vt. 使戏剧化；编写剧本；改编成戏剧vi. 戏剧化be trounced in sth. 在…..中落败fiasco n. 惨败n. 君主，帝王；最高统治者=king /王座；君主；王权vi. 登上王座vt. 使登王位accede vi. 同意；加入；就任moose n. [动]驼鹿；麋栓；插头；塞子vi. 塞住；用插头将与电源接通vt. 塞住；插入；接插头plugin n. 相关插件；插件插接式连接，可插的align vt. 使结盟；使成一行；匹配vi. 排列；排成一行alignment n. 结盟；队列，成直线；校准aligning n. 校准aligned adj. 对齐的；均衡的ally n.同盟国；同盟者；助手；伙伴vt.使联盟；使联合vi.结盟；联合allies n. （第一次世界大战时的）协约国；（二战时的）同盟国alliance n. 联盟，联合；联姻allied adj. 同盟的；联合的；与…同属一系watershed n.分水岭；（美）流域；转折点；集水区adj.标志转折点的Kyrgyzstan吉尔吉斯斯坦Kyrgyz Uzbekstan 乌兹别克斯坦UzbeksUkraine n. Ukrainian adj.乌克兰（人）的Macedon Macedonia 马其顿inaugurate vt. 举行开幕典礼；举行就职典礼；开创；创新；开辟forensic adj. 辩论的；法院的；适于法庭的mace n. 狼牙棒；权杖colossal adj. 巨大的；异常的，非常的cleanse vt. 净化；使…纯净；使…清洁同步，同时vi. 同时发生vt. 使同步sync n. 同时，同步synchrony n. [物]同步synchronize vt. 使……合拍；使……同步vi. 同步；同时发生synchronism n. 同时发生，同步性；对照性历史年谱synchronous adj. 同步的；同时的宽恕；免除；减轻；传送；使恢复原状vi. 汇款；缓和n. 移交的事物remission n. 缓解；宽恕；豁免vt. 追忆说vi. 回忆n. 帮助；援助；助手；帮助者vt. 帮助；援助；有助于vi. 帮助aide n. 副官；助手；侍从武官+to aider n. 协助者；教唆者adj. 辅助的；半自动的n.对手；敌手adverse adj. 不利的；相反的；敌对的adversity n.逆境；不幸；灾祸；灾难adversely adv.逆地；反对地；不利地shuffle v. 拖曳，慢吞吞地走；洗牌；推诿，推卸；搅乱n. 拖着脚走；混乱，蒙混；洗牌，洗纸牌string n. 线，细绳；一串，一行vt. 扎，缚；使排成一列，串起；伸展，拉直vi. 连成一串；排成一列stringing n. 串接，捆接；接下油套管v. 用带系上（string的现在分词）strings n. 弦乐器；带状物；珠串；附带条件（string的复数）v. 用带系上；使伸展；用线串；使紧张（string的三单形式）stringer n. 纵梁，纵桁；上弦匠；细脉；特约记者，特约通讯员；拉线人stringy adj. 线；绳的；多筋的；纤维的adj. 迫切的；严厉的；银根紧的apartheid n. 种族隔离shack n. 小室；棚屋vi. 居住dismiss vt. 让...离开；开除；解散；解雇vi. 解散（n. dismissal）dissolve vt. 使溶解；使液化；使分解vi. 溶解；解散；消失n. 叠化画面；画面的溶暗deception n.欺骗，欺诈；骗术deceptive adj.迷惑的；欺诈的；虚伪snap vt. 猛咬；突然折断，拉断；啪地关上vi. 咬；厉声说；咯嗒一声关上n. 猛咬；劈啪声；突然折断adj. 突然的austerity n. 朴素；苦行；严厉；紧缩dig one’s heels 坚持己见hike vi. 远足；上升；徒步旅行vt. 提高；拉起；使…高涨n. 涨价；远足；徒步旅行outright adv. 立刻地；率直地；一直向前；痛快地；全部地adj. 直率的；完全的，彻底的；总共的accountability n. 可说明性；有义务；有责任力劝，催促；驱策，推进n. 推动力；强烈的欲望，迫切要求vi. 强烈要求urgency n. 催促；紧急；紧急的事urgent adj. 紧急的；急迫的surge n. 巨涌；大浪；汹涌澎湃vi. 汹涌；激增vt. 使颠簸surgent adj. 汹涌的；澎湃的adj. 起义的；叛乱的n. 叛乱者；起义者sway vt. 使摇动；统治；影响vi. 摇摆；影响n. 摇摆；统治；影响cement vt. 巩固，加强；用水泥涂；接合vi. 粘牢n. 水泥；接合剂+to swarm vi. 挤满；成群浮游；云集n. 蜂群；一大群vt. 挤满；爬outgo n. 外出；支出；出口vt. 超过；支出outgoing adj. 乐于助人的；外出的；即将离职的n. 开支；外出；流出v. 超过；优于protégén. 门徒；被保护者eradicate vt. 根除，根绝；消灭tally n.标签；记账；计数器vt. 计算；记录；使符合vi.一致；记分assembly n. 装配；集会，集合vendor n. 小贩；卖主；自动售货机n. 边缘；利润，余裕；页边的空白vt. 加边于；加旁注于adj. 边缘的；末端的；临界的n. 民意测验；投票；投票数；投票所vt. 剪短；对…进行民意测验；获得选票；投票vi. 投票adj. 剪过毛的；修过枝的；无角的n. 民意测验专家，民意调查人；整理民意测验结果的人garner vt. 储存；获得；把…储入谷仓n. 谷仓adj. 合法的；合理的；正当的；正统vt. 使合法；认为正当legitimize vt. 使…合法；立为嫡嗣legitimacy n. 正统；合法；合理vt. 妥协；危害vi. 妥协；让步n. 妥协，和解；折衷n. 不让步；不妥协；不调和runoff n. 决赛；流走的东西；径流adj. 决胜的crook n. 弯处，弯曲部分；钩状物；骗子，坏蛋vt. 使弯曲；欺骗，诈骗vi. 弯曲，成钩形incite vt. 煽动；激励；刺激ignite vt. 点燃；使燃烧；使激动vi. 点火；燃烧prelude n. 前奏；序幕；[音]前奏曲vt. 成为…的序幕；演奏…作为前奏曲vi. 作为序曲；奏序曲侵犯；违反；破坏vi. 侵犯；侵害vt. 侮辱；辱骂；损害n. 侮辱；凌辱；无礼至高无上的；有主权的；拥有最高统治权的；不折不扣的；极好的n. 君主；最高统治者；独立国sovereignty n.主权bloc n. 集团例行公事；日常工作；程序adj. 日常的；例行的agenda n. 议程；日常工作事项schedule vt. 安排，计划；编制目录；将…列入计划表n. 时间表；计划表；一览表bulletin n. 公告，公报vt. 公布，公告bullet n. 子弹；只选某党全部候选人的投票；[美俚]豆子vi. 射出；迅速行进n. 宾语；客体；目标；物体vt. 提出…作为反对的理由vi. 反对；拒绝objection n. 异议，反对；妨碍；缺陷，缺点；拒绝的理由objective adj. 客观的；目标的；宾格的n. 目标；目的；物镜；宾格objectify vt. 使具体化，使客观化；体现objectivity n. 客观性；客观objector n. 反对者；提出异议的人objectionable adj. 会引起反对的；有异议的；讨厌的violate vt. 违反；侵犯，妨碍；亵渎violation n. 违背；违反；妨碍，侵害；强奸deviate vi. 越轨；脱离vt. 使偏离deviation n. 偏差；背离；误差deviant n. 不正常者；偏移值；变异物adj. 不正常的；离经叛道的deviance n. 异常；异常行为frivolous adj. 轻佻的；琐碎的；无聊的oversee vt. 监督；俯瞰；审查；偷看到，无意中看到provisional adj. 临时的，暂时的；暂定的n. [美]临时邮票+interim gear n.齿轮；传动装置；装置，工具vi.适合；搭上齿轮；开始工作vt. 开动；搭上齿轮；使……适合；使……准备好adj. 好极了fraudulent adj. 不正的；欺骗性的fraud n. 欺骗；骗子；诡计aspire vi. 渴望；追求；立志threshold n. 极限；门槛；入口；开始；临界值inclusive adj. 包括的，包含的oust vt. 剥夺；驱逐；取代rattle vt.使发出咯咯声；喋喋不休；使慌乱，使惊慌vi.喋喋不休地讲话；发出卡嗒卡嗒声n. 喋喋不休的人；吓吱声，格格声rustle vi. 发出沙沙声vt. 使…沙沙作响n. 急忙；沙沙声；飒飒声强迫；束缚；驱使约束；强制；局促，态度不自然储备，储存；预备队；储备金；自然保护区vt.保留；储备；预约vi. 预订reservoir ['rezəvwɑ:] n. 水库；蓄水池reservationn. 保留；预约，预订reservan. 存酿；珍it should be noted that 值得注意的是…rig n.装备；钻探设备；服装；帆装vt.装配；装扮；装上索具；操纵组成，构成；任命；建立constitution n. 宪法；体质；章程；构造constiuency n. （一批）顾客；（选区的）选民；支持者；选区n.辖区overthrow n. 推翻；倾覆；瓦解vt.推翻；打倒；倾覆vt. 集合，聚集；装配；收集vi. 集合，聚集assembly n. 装配；集会，集合assembler n. [计]汇编程序；汇编机；装配工n. 叛国罪；不忠treat vt. 对待；治疗；探讨；视为vi.探讨；协商；请客n.款待；请客treachery n.背叛；变节；背叛行为treacherousness n.背叛；奸诈危险的；奸诈的，叛逆的，背叛的；不牢靠的空，空字符null adj. 无效的，无价值的；等于零的n.零，空nullify vt. 使无效，作废；取消nullity n. 无效；无价值的事物或人；[数]零度；退化阶数vt. 取消；废除；宣告无效annulment n. 取消；废除代替者；代用品vi. 替代vt. 代替substance n. 物质；实质；主旨；资产substructure n. 基础；信念；底部构造substantiate vt. 证实；使实体化testify testimony subservient adj. 奉承的；有用的；有帮助的；屈从的subside vi.平息；沉淀；减弱；[口]坐subsidy n.津贴；补助金；补贴subsist vi. 存在；维持生活vt. 供养subsidiary adj. 辅助的；附属的n. 子公司；辅助者subordinate n. 下属，下级；部属，属下adj. 次要的；从属的vt. 使…居下位；使…服从suborn vt. 唆使；收买；使作伪证sacred adj. 神圣的；庄严的；宗教的；神的apparatus /æpə'reitəs/ n. 装置，设备；器官；仪器adj. 海生的；航海的，海运的；船舶的；海产的n. （海军）士兵或军官；舰队；水兵；海运业marinate vt. 把…浸泡在卤汁中vi. 浸泡在卤汁中作证；证明，证实vi. 证明；作证n. [心]证人testy adj. 易怒的；暴躁的mar vt.损伤；损毁；糟蹋；玷污n. 污点；瑕疵tarnish / imperfection /spot turnout n. 出席者；产量；出动；清除；岔道vt. 不时打断；强调；加标点于vi. 加标点刺穿；揭穿；削弱vi.被刺穿；被戳破n.穿刺；刺痕thrust adj.固体的；结实的；可靠的；一致的；立体的n.固体；立方体solidity n.体积；固体性；坚硬，坚固solidarity n.团结，团结一致团结；凝固vi. 团结；凝固ornament n. 装饰；装饰物；教堂用品vt. 装饰，修饰pentagon /'pentəɡən / n. 五角形；五角大楼sprawl vi.蔓延；伸开手足躺；无计划地扩展vt.懒散地伸开；使蔓生n. 蔓生；伸开手足躺卧姿势martyr vt. 牺牲；杀害；折磨n. 烈士；殉道者fanatic n. 狂热入迷者；盲信者；盲信adj. 狂热的；盲信的kindle vt.点燃；照亮；激起vi. 发亮；着火；激动起来ignite / light rhetoric n. 修辞，修辞学；华丽的词藻adj. 花言巧语的intercept vt. 拦截；截断；窃听n. 拦截；截获的情报；[数]截距scheme /ski:m / n. 计划；组合；体制；诡计vi. 搞阴谋；拟订计划vt. 计划；策划plot conspiracy intriguen. 皮带；束缚vt. 束缚；用皮带绑住shackleunleash vt. 解开…的皮带；解除…的束缚；发动vi. 不受约束；自由匿名的，无名的；无个性特征的anonymity n. 匿名；匿名者；无名之辈因素；因数；要素；代理人vi.做代理商vt.把…作为因素计入；代理经营；把…分解成factorization n. 因式分解；因子分解n. 因子分解，因式分解；保付代理v. 把…因素包括进去敏捷的，迅速的；立刻的vt. 促进；激起；提示；（给演员）提白n. 提示；付款期限；DOS命令：改变DOS系统提示符的风格adv.准时地prompting n.激励；刺激；提示promptness n.机敏，敏捷；迅速rebuff n. 断然拒绝；回绝；漠不关心vt. 断然拒绝refusefaction n. 派别；小集团；内讧；纪实小说adj. 残忍的；野蛮的，不讲理的brutality n. 残忍；无情；暴行（需用复数形式）brutalize vt. 残酷地对待；使像野兽般残忍，使变得残酷无情vi. 变粗暴；变残忍activate vt.刺激；使活泼；使活动；使产生放射性vi. 有活力；激活spotty adj. 发疹的；多斑点的；质量不一的propaganda n. 宣传；[宗]传道总会synagogue /‘sinəɡɔɡ/ n. 犹太人集会；犹太教会堂dry run 演习drilluncover vt.揭露；发现；揭开vi. 发现；揭示；揭去盖子unveil /disclose metro n. 地铁；大都市；伦敦地下铁道；麦德隆公司metropolitan adj. 大都市的；大主教辖区的；宗主国的n. 大城市人；大主教；宗主国的公民metropolis n. 首府；大都市；重要中心妖怪；幽灵；恐怖之物；恐惧spectator n.观众；旁观者spectacular adj. 壮观的，惊人的；公开展示的spectacularity n. 壮观，壮丽；引人注目n. 景象，奇观；眼镜；引人羡慕的人install vt. 任命；安装；安顿横杆；扶手；围栏；铁轨vi.抱怨；责骂vt.铺铁轨；以横木围栏derail v.出轨uphill adj.上坡的，向上的adv.向上地；往上坡n.上升；登高vt. 包含；信奉，皈依；拥抱vi. 拥抱n. 拥抱brace n.支柱；大括号；曲柄vt.支撑；激励；振作起来vi.支持；打起精神adj.曲柄的Muscovity 莫斯科人Moscowlethal adj. 致命的，致死的n. 致死因子/vital/fataldissident n.持不同政见、意见不同的人adj.持不同政见的，意见不同的礼拜；尊敬；崇拜vt.崇拜；尊敬；爱慕vi.做礼拜；拜神admireadj. 崇拜的，虔诚的；尊贵的；尊敬的铅；领导；导线；榜样；石墨vt. 领导；引导；指挥；致使vi. 导致；领导；用水砣测深adj. 带头的；最重要的leaden adj. 铅灰色的；铅制的；沉闷的；铅一般重的vt. 使沉重；使懒散；使呆滞leaded adj. 加铅的culpable adj. 有罪的；该责备的；不周到的；应受处罚的delude vt. 迷惑；逃避；使失望现实；真实；实际realist n. 现实主义者；实在论者realistic adj. 现实的；逼真的；实在论的；现实主义的现实主义；实在论；现实主义的态度和行为正当理由；根据；委任状；证明vt.保证；担保；辩解；批准warranty n. 担保；保证；授权；（正当）理由adj. 担保的；保证的unwarranted adj. 无根据的危难，不幸；贫困；悲痛vt. 使悲痛；使贫困distressed adj. 痛苦的；忧虑的；贫困的；受损的fragment n.碎片；片断或不完整部分vt.使成碎片vi.破碎或裂开militant adj. 好战的n. 富有战斗性的人；好斗者；激进分子hallmark n.品质证明；特点vt.给…盖上品质证明印记；使具有…标志imminent adj. 迫近的；即将来临的emanate vt. 放射（形容词emanative）；发散vi. 发源；发出；散发抢劫；揩油vi. 拦路抢劫n. 劫持；威逼；敲诈rob maraud vt. 掠夺；袭击vi. 袭击n. 掠夺；袭击n.袭击；突袭；搜捕；抢劫vi.对…进行突然袭击vt.袭击，突袭adj. 国家的；国民的；民族的；国立的n. 国民nationalist n. 民族主义者；国家主义者；民族独立主义者adj. 民族独立主义的；国家主义的；民族主义的nationality n. 国籍，国家；民族；部落nationalism n. 民族主义；国家主义；民族特性vt. 使国有化；使民族化；使归化；使成国家下降；下来；遗传；屈尊；下去vt. 下去；沿…向下descendant adj. 下降的；祖传的n. 子孙；后裔descendent adj. 派生的；降落的；世袭的n. 后裔；派生物descent n. 下降；血统；袭击vt. 除去…的气味；使…失去香味descending adj. 下行的；下降的n. 递减；下行convoy n. 护送；护卫；护航队vt. 护航；护送stronghold n. 要塞；大本营；中心地。

时事新闻常用词汇退位, 放弃(职位,权力等)1. abdicate /He has abdicated his responsibility as the prime minister.2. abduct /T he eleven Japanese were abducted by North Korean spies.诱拐, 绑架abduction滥用3. abuse /Steps must be taken to prevent the abuse of power.drug abuse 误用药品, 吸毒附加物, 从犯, 同谋者4. accessory /同谋者, 帮凶5. accomplice /6. accord /协定agreement7. accusation /accuse / 谴责, [律]指控8. acquire / 获得They have always attempted to acquire weapons of mass destruction.9. acrimony/言谈举止上的刻毒, 讽刺, 毒辣The president spoke with acrimony about the threat from Iraq.10. acronym / 只取首字母的缩写词11. address /致辞, 演讲radio address 广播演讲weekly radio address 每周例行广播演讲televised address 电视演讲延期, 休会, 换另一个地方12. adjourn /调整, 调节13. adjustment/14. admiral /海军上将, 舰队司令, 旗舰美] 宙斯级驱逐舰15. Aegis destroyer / [成员，分支机构16. affiliate /（美）肯定行动旨在鼓励雇佣、17. affirmative action /录取女性和少数民族（尤其是黑人），使其增加就业和升学机会，以消除性别和种族歧视的政策、计划。

高中政治60个必备热点词汇汇编！（2023年版）1、双循环发展格局双循环新发展格局是以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局2..两个毫不动摇毫不动摇巩固和发展公有制经济，毫不动摇鼓励、支持、引导非公有制经济发展，保证各种所有制经济依法平等使用生产要素、公平参与市场竞争，同等受到法律保护。

3.四千精神”指的是浙商强烈的创业精神——走遍千山万水，想尽千方百计，说尽千言万语，吃尽千辛万苦。

4.虚拟经济:简单地说就是直接以钱生钱的活动，与实体经济相对应。

实体经济和虚拟经济两者是相互依存、相互联系的关系。

5.供给侧结构性改革供给侧与需求侧相对应。

供给侧改革即生产领域改革，从提高供给质量出发，用改革的办法推进结构调整。

如传统产业升级新兴产业，由生产低端产品改为生产高端产品等。

6、减税降费政府少收税，少收费。

属于积极的财政政策。

目的是刺激企业生产与消费者消费。

7、财政政策与货币政策（都属于政府宏观调控的经济手段）财政政策实施主体是政府（财政）:主要是通过调整财政收入（税利债费）和财政支出来调节经济。

货币政策实施主体是银行（央行制定政策，各商业银行具体落实）：主要是通过调整存款利率，贷款利率，准备金率（三率）来调节经济。

当经济过热时，需要实行紧缩的财政（涨税，减少财政支出）和货币政策（提高三率），（核心思路：使老百姓手里没钱消费，企业没钱生产）来给经济降温。

当经济过冷时，需要实行积极的财政（减税降费，增加财政支出）和货币政策（降低三率），（核心思路：使老百姓手里有钱消费，企业有钱生产）来给经济升温。

8、第三次分配第一次分配（初分配）：直接与生产要素相联系的分配，简单理解就是通过自己的付出直接获得的收入。

逻辑政治Eg：工资（拓展，政府提高最低工资标准属于调节初分配，因为政府只负责划标准线，涨得工资是由企业开的）第二次分配（再分配）：通过政府的转移支付（政府把钱收上去，再发出来）所获得的收入。

Eg:低保第三次分配：通过别人慈善，捐赠等公益行为获得的收入。

2023届高考政治必备时政热词和经济学科术语100个汇编1.中国式现代化（1）内涵：中国式现代化，是中国共产党领导的社会主义现代化，是中国共产党把马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际、同中华优秀传统文化进行有效结合，开创的既有各国现代化的共同特征、更有基于自己国情的中国特色的现代化。

高质量发展是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的首要任务、是中国式现代化的本质要求之一。

（2）特征：我国的现代化是人口规模巨大的现代化；我国的现代化是全体人民共同富裕的现代；我国的现代化是物质文明和精神文明相协调的现代化；我国的现代化是人与自然和谐共生的现代化；我国现代化是走和平发展道路的现代化。

2.中央经济工作会议是党的二十大后党中央召开的一次非常重要的会议。

习总书记在会上发表重要讲话，全面总结了今年经济工作，深入分析了当前国内外经济形势，系统部署了2023年经济工作。

中央财办有关负责同志接受新华社等媒体记者提问，围绕学习贯彻落实中央经济工作会议精神，回应当前经济热点问题。

3.习总书记经济思想是立足国情、放眼世界、引领未来的科学理论，科学继承马克思主义政治经济学和中国特色社会主义政治经济学的理论精髓，充分汲取中华优秀传统文化的养分精华，借鉴吸收世界各国经济发展经验和西方经济学有益成分，展现出强大的理论创新活力，不仅为引领中国经济高质量发展提供了行动指南，也为破解世界经济发展难题、推动全球治理体系变革作出了重要贡献。

4.高质量发展就是能够很好满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要的发展，是体现新发展理念的发展，是创新成为第一动力、协调成为内生特点、绿色成为普遍形态、开放成为必由之路、共享成为根本目的的发展5.全国统一大市场是指把物流成本降下来，能够让负重前行的中国经济更加轻盈，更有活力。

同时，全国统一市场的构建也会拉动消费，更好发挥消费对经济发展的带动作用。

2022年4月10日，《中共中央国务院关于加快建设全国统一大市场的意见》发布。

6. 共同富裕是全体人民通过辛勤劳动和相互帮助最终达到丰衣足食的生活水平，也就是消除两极分化和贫穷基础上的普遍富裕。

时事政治词汇国内时事Domestic Affairs中国共产党第十七次全国代表大会17th National Congress of Communist Party of China (17th NCCPC)中央政治局Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the CPC中央纪律检查委员会Central Commission for Discipline Inspection中共中央委员会CPC Central Committee全国人民代表大会(简称全国人大) National People’s Congress (NPC)九届全国人大四次会议the Fourth Session of the Ninth National People’s Congress全国人大代表deputy to the National People’s Congress全国人民代表大会主席团the NPC Presidium全国人民代表大会常务委员会the NPC Standing Committee全国人民代表大会常务委员会办公厅the general offices of the NPC Standing Committee中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会(简称全国政协) National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)中国政协委员member of the National Committee of CPPCC最高人民法院Supreme People’s Court最高人民法院院长President of the Supreme People’s Court最高人民检察院Supreme People’s Procuratorate最高人民检察院检察长Procurator-General国务院State Council外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs国防部Ministry of National Defense国家发展计划委员会State Development Planning Commission国家经济贸易委员会State Economic and Trade Commission教育部Ministry of Education科学技术部Ministry of Science and Technology国防科学技术工业委员会Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense国家民族事务委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission公安部Ministry of Public Security安全部Ministry of State Security监察部Ministry of Supervision民政部Ministry of Civil Affairs司法部Ministry of Justice财政部Ministry of Finance人事部Ministry of Personnel劳动和社会保障部Ministry of Labor and Social Security国土资源部Ministry of Land and Natural Resources建设部Ministry of Construction铁道部Ministry of Railways交通部Ministry of Communications信息产业部Ministry of Information Technology and Telecommunications水利部Ministry of Water Resources农业部Ministry of Agriculture对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Co-operation文化部Ministry of Culture卫生部Ministry of Health国家计划生育委员会State Family Planning Commission中国人民银行People’s Bank of China审计署Auditing Administration中共中央总书记General Secretary, the CPC Central Committee政治局常委Member, Standing Committee of Political Bureau, the CPC Central Committee 政治局委员Member, Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee书记处书记Member, secretariat of the CPC Central Committee中央委员Member, Central Committee候补委员Alternate Member省委/市委书记Secretary,…Provincial/Municipal Committee of the CPC党组书记secretary, Party Leadership Group中华人民共和国主席/副主席President/Vice President, the People’s Republic of China全国人大委员长/副委员长Chairman/Vice Chairman, National People’s Congress秘书长Secretary-General主任委员Chairman委员Member（地方人大）主任Chairman, Local People’s Congress人大代表Deputy to the People’s Congress国务院总理Premier, State Council副总理Vice Premier国务委员State Councilor秘书长Secretary-General（国务院各委员会）主任Minister in Charge of Commission for（国务院各部）部长Minister部长助理Assistant Minister司长Director局长Director省长Governor常务副省长Executive Vice Governor自治区人民政府主席Chairman, Autonomous Regional People’s Government地区专员Commissioner, prefecture香港特别行政区行政长官Chief Executive, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region市长/副市长Mayor/Vice Mayor区长Chief Executive, District Government县长Chief Executive, County Government乡镇长Chief Executive, Township Government秘书长Secretary-General办公厅主任Director, General Office（部委办）主任Director处长/副处长Division Chief/Deputy Division Chief科长/股长Section Chief科员Clerk/Officer有中国特色的社会主义民主政治socialist democratic politics with Chinese characteristics邓小平理论Deng Xiaoping Theory三个代表three represents theory (the Party must always represent the requirements of the development of China’s advanced productive forces, the orientation of the development of China’s advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people in China.)高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜，全面贯彻“三个代表”重要思想hold high the banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and carry out the important thoughts of "Three Represents"坚持解放思想、实事求是的思想路线，弘扬与时俱进的精神adhere to the ideological guideline of emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, and upholds the spirit of advancing with time. 两大历史性课题（提高党的执政能力和领导水平、提高拒腐防变和抵御风险能力）the two major historic subjects of enhancing the abilities of administration and art of leadership and resisting corruption, guarding against degeneration and warding off risks.全面推进党的建设的新的伟大工程forge ahead with the new great project of Party building三讲教育：讲学习，讲政治，讲正气three emphases education (to stress theoretical study, political awareness and good conduct)新闻发布会news conference政府工作报告government’s work report国有企业state-owned enterprises (SOE)人均国内生产总值per-capita gross domestic product (GDP)国民生产总值gross national product (GNP)经济房low-cost housing西部大开发the strategy of developing the western region西部大开发战略develop-the-west strategy扩大住房贷款，助学贷款和大件消费品贷款expand housing loans, student loans and major commodity loans弱势群体disadvantaged groups (对弱势群体给予特殊的就业援助。

学习描述政治和社会问题的词汇在学习描述政治和社会问题的词汇时，我们需要了解一些基本的术语和词汇，以便能够准确地表达我们的观点和意见。

本文将探讨一些常用的政治和社会问题词汇，并提供一些例句以帮助我们更好地理解其用法和含义。

1. 政治问题词汇1.1 民主（democracy）：指一种政治制度，其中权力来自于人民，人民通过选举代表参与政治决策。

例句：民主是人类追求平等和公正的重要方式之一。

1.2 独裁（dictatorship）：指一种非民主的政治制度，由一个人或一小群人掌握权力，政治权力高度集中。

例句：这个国家存在着一个独裁政权，公民的权利受到了严重的限制。

1.3 政府（government）：指负责管理和治理国家事务的组织机构。

例句：政府应该致力于解决社会问题，提高人民的福祉。

1.4 政策（policy）：指政府针对某个问题或领域所采取的规定和行动方针。

例句：制定一项全面的环境保护政策对于减少污染至关重要。

1.5 政治参与（political participation）：指公民参与政治事务和政治决策的活动。

例句：政治参与是每个公民的权利和责任。

2. 社会问题词汇2.1 贫困（poverty）：指人们生活水平低下，缺乏基本的经济资源和社会福利的状态。

例句：减少贫困是实现社会公平的关键挑战之一。

2.2 社会不公平（social inequality）：指社会中不同群体之间资源、权力和机会的不平等分配。

例句：我们需要采取措施减少社会不公平现象，确保每个人都能享有平等的机会。

2.3 犯罪（crime）：指违反法律规定，损害社会安全和公序良俗的行为。

例句：政府应该采取更严厉的措施来打击犯罪行为，保护公民的安全。

2.4 教育（education）：指传授知识、技能和价值观的过程，通过教育可以提升个人的能力和素质。

例句：教育是推动社会进步和人才培养的重要手段。

2.5 媒体（media）：指传播信息、观点和意见的途径和工具，包括报纸、电视、广播和互联网等。