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（1）现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在.I have spent all of my money.(现在我没有钱花了.)Jane has laid the table.(现在桌子已经摆好了.)Michael has been ill.(现在仍然很虚弱)He has returned from abroad. (现在已在此地)（2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用.①for+时段为。
时间②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来）③since+时段+ago④since+从句（过去时）●⑤It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）Mary has been ill for three days.I have lived here since 1998.●注：瞬间动词（buy,die,join,lose……）不能直接与for since 连用。
要改变动词come/arrive/reach/get to-----be ingo out----be outfinish----be overopen----be opendie----be deadBuy---haveFall ill---be illCome back---be backPut on ---be on/wearWorry---be worriedCatch a cold---have a cold………………★1.have代替buyMy brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years.★2、用keep或have代替borrowI have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days.★3、用be替代becomeHow long has your sister been a teacher?★4、用have a cold代替catch a coldTom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.★5、用wear代替put onb)用“be＋形容词”代终止性动词1、be＋married代marry2、be＋ill代fall (get) ill3、be＋dead代die4、be＋asleep代fall (get) asleep5、be＋awake代wake/wake up6、be＋gone代lose,die,sell,leave7、be＋open代open 8、be closed代close/shut9、be＋missing(gone,lost)代losec)用“be＋副词”代终止性动词1“be＋on”代start,begin2“be＋up”代get up3“be＋back(to)”代return to,come back to,go back to4“be here (there)”代come(arrive,reach,get) here或go(arrive,reach,get) there等等d)用“be＋介词短语”代终止性动词1.“be in/at +地点”代替go to /come to2.用be in the army 代替join the army3.“be in/at +地点”代替move to编辑本段常用瞬间动词变延续性动词表：常用瞬间动词变延续性动词表：1. have arrived at/in sw. got to/reached sw. come/gone/moved to sw.→have been in sw./at…相应的介词2. have come/gone back/returned → have been back3. have come/gone out →have been out4. have become → have been5. have closed / opened→ have been closed/opened6. have got up → have been up；7. have died → have been dead；8. have left sw. → have been away from sw.9. have fallen asleep/got to sleep → have been asleep；10. have finished/ended/completed → have been over；11. havemarried → have been ma rried；12. have started/begun to do sth. → have done sth. ；13. have begun → have been on14. have borrowed/bought →have kept/had15. have lost → haven’t had16. have put on →have worn17. have caught /get a cold → have had a cold；18. have got to know → have known19. have/has gone to → have been in20. have joined/have taken part in the league/the Party/the army→have been a member of/ have been in/have been the Party’s member/the league member/the soldier…编辑本段用法注意： 1.现在完成时不能单独与准确时间连用，(如表示过去的时间状语）如yesterday(morning、afternoon),last(morning、afternoon)等，除非与for,since连用.2.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用,如already（肯定）, yet（否定，疑问）, just, before, recently,still, lately 等:He has already obtained a scholarship.I haven't seen much of him recently (lately).We have seen that film before.Have they found the missing child yet ?3. 现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用,如often, sometimes, ever, never, twice, on several occasion等:Have you ever been to BeijingI have never heard Bunny say anything against her.I have used this pen only three times. It is still good.George has met that gentleman on several occasions.4. 现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,如now, up to these few days/weeks/months/years, thismorning/week/month/year, just, today, up to present, so far等: Peter has written six papers so far.Man has now learned to release energy from the nucleus of the atom.There has been too much rain in San Francisco this year.The friendly relations and cooperation between our two countries have been enhanced in the past few years.Up to the present everything has been successful.5. 现在完成时还可以用来表示过去的一个时间到现在这段时间内重复发生的动作.We have had four texts this semester.6.现在完成时的"完成用法"现在完成时的"完成用法"指的是动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结束，但该动作对现在产生了影响，与现在情况具有因果关系。
现在完成时延续性动词延续性动词表示行为或过程能持久地继续下去或能产生持久的影响。
这类动词有：contain，have，hold， lie，live，make，sit，rain，sleep，stand，study，wait， wear，work等。
此外，表示状态、感情、思维等动词，如：believe，consider，hate，hope，know，like，love，respect，think，understand，wish等也属延续性动词。
要表示状态和延续性动作时必须要用延续性动词。
如：错：This book has been put on the desk for a week. 对：This book has been lying on the desk for a week. 这本书已经在桌子上放一个星期了。
错：Men put on suits when they atten d meetings. 对：Men wear suits when they atten d meetings. 男人在开会的时候穿西装。
非延续性动词表示行为或过程是短暂的或瞬时间完成的。
这类动词有add，admit，answer，arrive，ask， attack，begin，break，bring，buy，catch ，close，come， die，discover，fall，do，leave ，open，put on，sell， start，stay，stop，retur n，take off等。
要表示非延续性动作时必须用非延续性动词，不可用延续性动词。
如：错：When did she know my e-mall address?对：When did she get to know my e-mail address? 她什么时候知道我的e-mail地址？●延续性动词如果要表示瞬时的动作，则需借助come， begin，get等一时性动词。
现在完成时（短暂性动词与延续性动词）的用法基本结构：主语+have/has+过去分词(done)①肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他②否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词+其他）（1））现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系, 也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在.I have spent all of my money.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)Jane has laid the table.含( 义是:现在桌子已经摆好了.)Michael has been ill.(含义是:现在仍然很虚弱)He has returned from abroad. 含(义是:现在已在此地)（2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be 动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用.Mary has been ill for three days.I have lived here since 1998.注（超重要）：瞬间动词（buy,die,join,lose ）不能直接与for since 连用。
要改变动词come-be go out-be out finish-be over open-be opendie-be dead1.have 代替buyMy brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years.2、用keep或have 代替borrowI have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days.3、用be 替代becomeHow long has your sister been a teacher?4、用have a cold代替catch a coldTom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.5、用wear 代替put onb)用“b＋e 形容词”代终止性动词1、be＋married 代marry2、be＋ill 代fall (get) ill3、be＋dead代die4、be＋asleep代fall (get) asleep5、be＋awake代wake/wake up6、be＋gone代lose,die,sell,leave7、be＋open 代open8、be closed代close/shut9、be＋missing(gone,lost)代losec)用“b＋e 副词”代终止性动词1“b＋e 2“b＋e on”代start,begin up”代get up3“b＋e back(to) 代”return to,come back to,go back to4“be here (there代) co”m e(arrive,reach,get) here或go (arrive,reach,get) there等等d)用“b＋e 介词短语”代终止性动词1. “be in/at地+点”代替go to /come to2.用be in the army 代替join the army3. “be in/at地+点”代替move to常用瞬间动词变延续性动词表：1. have arrived at/in sw. got to/reached sw. come/gone/moved to sw.→have been in sw./at 相应的介词2. have come/gone back/returned → have been back3. have come/gone out →h e a e v n e o b u t4. have become → have been5. have closed / opened → have been close/open6. have got up →have be；e n up7. have died →have been；dead8. have left sw. → have been away from sw.9. have fallen asleep/got to sleep →have；been asleep10. have finished/ended/completed →have b；een over11. Have married →have been ma；rried12. have started/begun to do sth. →have；done sth.13. have begun → have been on14. have borrowed/bought →have kept/had15. have lost → haven ’t had16. have put on →have worn17. have caught /get a cold →have h；ad a cold18. have got to know → have known19. have/has gone to → have been in20. have joined/have taken part in the league/the Party/the army→have been a member of/ have been in/havbeeen the Party ’s member/the league member/the soldier注意： 1.现在完成时不能单独与准确时间连用，(如表示过去的时间状语）如yesterday(morning、afternoon),last(morning、afternoon)等，除非与for,since 连用.2.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用,如already（肯定）, yet（否定，疑问）, just, before, recently,still, lately 等:He has already obtained得(到获得) a scholarship(奖学金).I haven't seen much of him recently (lately).We have seen that film before.Have they found the missing child yet ?3. 现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用,如often, sometimes, ever, never, twice等:Have you ever been to BeijingI have never heard Bunny say anything against her.I have used this pen only three times. It is still good.4. 现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,如now, these days/weeks/months/years, this morning/week/month/year, just, today, so f a等r : Peter has written six papers so far.There has been too much rain in San Francisco this year.5. 现在完成时的" 完成用法"现在完成时的" 完成用法" 指的是动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结束，但该动作对现在产生了影响，与现在情况具有因果关系。
延续性与非延续性动词在现在完成时态中的使用
延续性动词和非延续性动词在现在完成时态中的使用有一些区别。
1.延续性动词：
延续性动词表示持续的动作或状态，常见的有live（住）、work
（工作）、study（学习）、wait（等待）等。
在现在完成时态中，延续
性动词通常用来表示一个动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并且可能
会继续下去。
例如：
- I have lived in this city for 10 years.（我在这个城市住了
10年了。
）
2.非延续性动词：
非延续性动词表示瞬间动作或不可数的状态，常见的有arrive（到达）、die（死亡）、finish（完成）、know（知道）等。
在现在完成时
态中，非延续性动词通常用来表示一个动作已经完成或一个状态已经发生，没有持续的时间。
例如：
- She has arrived at the airport.（她已经到达了机场。
）
- The project has finished.（项目已经完成了。
）
- I have known him since childhood.（我从小就认识他了。
）
需要注意的是，有些动词既可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词，根据上下文来决定其使用方式。
比如，动词sleep（睡觉）可以是延
续性动词，表示持续的睡眠状态，也可以是非延续性动词，表示一次性的睡眠动作。
现在完成时用法——持续性用法现在完成时用法——持续性用法-—持续性用法（肯定句，疑问句中谓语动词必须是延续性动词）：表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
此时常与“for＋一段时间或“since＋过去的点时间或从句(从句用一般过去时)以及so far（到目前为止）等时间状语连用。
for + 段时间since +点时间实例:1)I've lived here since 1990．自从1990年以来我就住在这里。
= I’ve lived here since 13 years ag o。
= I’ve lived here for 13 years。
= It is 13 years since I began to live here.2)I haven’t seen him for three years．我三年没有看见他了。
= I haven’t seen him since three years ago.= It is 3 years since I saw him last time。
3)Mr Wang has worked in the factory since he came to the city ．自从到这个城市以来，王先生一直在这家工厂工作。
4)She’s been at this school since five years ago．自从五年前以来她就在这个学校.注意：①在这类句子的肯定句和疑问句中谓语动词必须用延续性动词。
短暂性动词由于动作不能持续，故不能与for（达到；累计）或since（自从。
到现在）引出的时间状语连用。
②对for和since引导的时间状语提问要用How long1）他入团两年了。
误：He has joined the League for two years．正：He has been a League member for two years．2）我买这辆自行车三年了。
现在完成时中瞬间动词变延续性动词总结现在完成时是英语中一种重要的时态形式，用于表示过去发生的动作或事件对现在造成的影响或结果。
在现在完成时中，有两类常见的动词形式，即瞬间动词与延续性动词。
本文旨在总结现在完成时中瞬间动词如何变成延续性动词的规则和特点。
1. 延续性动词的定义：延续性动词表示一个动作或状态在时间上的延续，通常与时间段、频率或者持续性相联系。
例如：live（居住），work（工作），study（学习）等。
2. 瞬间动词的定义：瞬间动词表示一个动作或状态在时间上的瞬间发生，通常没有延续性。
例如：arrive（到达），finish（完成），buy （购买）等。
现在完成时中，将瞬间动词转变为延续性动词的方法如下：1. 加入持续性的时间状语：通过加入表示时间段的状语来表达动作的延续性。
例如：- He has been living in London for three years.（他已经在伦敦居住三年了。
）- She has been studying English since last month.（她从上个月开始一直在学习英语。
）2. 加入频率状语：通过加入表示动作频率的状语来表达延续性。
例如：- They have been playing tennis every weekend.（他们每个周末都在打网球。
）- I have been working out at the gym twice a week.（我每周在健身房锻炼两次。
）3. 加入表示动作状态的状语：通过加入表示动作状态的状语来表达延续性。
例如：- The team has been practicing hard for the upcoming tournament.（这个团队一直在为即将到来的比赛进行努力训练。
）- She has been studying diligently for her exams.（她为了考试一直努力学习。
现在完成时中瞬间动词变延续性动词总结在现代汉语中，现在完成时是表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响的一种时态。
而在现在完成时中，瞬间动词和延续性动词的用法有所不同。
本文将从理论和实践两个方面，对现在完成时中瞬间动词变延续性动词进行总结。
一、现在完成时的构成现在完成时由“助动词have/has + 过去分词”构成。
例如：I have seen that movie.(我已经看过那部电影了。
)二、瞬间动词变延续性动词1. 瞬间动词变成延续性动词的方法在现在完成时中，瞬间动词变为延续性动词的方法主要是通过加上“-ing”后缀。
例如：come -> coming;go -> going;see -> seeing等。
这种变化使得原本表示瞬间动作的动词变成了表示持续性动作的动词。
2. 延续性动词的使用场合延续性动词表示的动作在时间上没有明确的结束点，通常是持续性的。
在现在完成时中，延续性动词的使用场合主要包括以下几种：(1)表示一个长时间内一直在进行的动作。
例如：I have been studying English for 5 years.(我已经学习英语5年了。
)(2)表示一个习惯性的动作或者状态。
例如：She has been playing the piano since she was a child.(她从小就一直在弹钢琴。
)(3)表示一个与现在有关联的动作或状态。
例如：He has been living in this city for 3 years.(他已经在这个城市生活了3年了。
)三、结论现在完成时中瞬间动词变延续性动词是一种常见的语法现象。
通过掌握这种现象，我们可以更好地理解和使用现在完成时这一时态。
这也有助于我们提高自己的语言表达能力，使我们的语言更加地规范和准确。
