汽车人机工程标准

汽车人机工程标准汽车人机工程标准指的是一系列规范和准则，用于指导汽车设计师在designing、developing、testing and manufacturing汽车时如何考虑人类的生理、心理和情感需求，以确保汽车的使用和操作更加舒适、高效和安全。

汽车人机工程标准是全球范围内的一个重要问题，每个国家在汽车人机工程标准方面都有自己的潜在可能已经制定或者正在制定的标准。

在本文中，我们将讨论汽车人机工程标准的定义、原则和意义，以及它对汽车工业的影响和未来发展趋势。

定义：汽车人机工程标准是基于人体工程学原理，以及人力学、心理学、生理学和感官科学的理论，专门制定的标准，旨在提高汽车的设计质量和使用价值。

汽车人机工程标准涵盖的范围非常广泛，包括但不限于驾驶员的安全和舒适性、显示屏和控制面板的易用性、车门和窗户的操作等。

原则：汽车人机工程标准有一些重要原则，这些原则是基于人体工程学和以人为本的原则。

1. 以人为本的设计思想：这意味着，在设计汽车时，必须优先考虑汽车使用者的需求和期望，确保汽车的使用更加自然、舒适和高效。

这是一个非常重要的原则，也是汽车人机工程标准的所有原则中最基本的一个。

2. 最大程度满足驾驶员的需求和期望：汽车人机工程标准中指出，汽车设计应该尽可能满足驾驶员的需求和期望。

这包括但不限于汽车内部的操作系统、音响和通信设备，以及它们与驾驶员的互动方式的设计等。

3. 稳定和可靠的设计：汽车人机工程标准强调稳定和可靠的设计，这是为了确保汽车的安全性和舒适性。

这涵盖了各种方面，包括汽车的框架、刹车、悬挂系统以及安全装置等。

意义：遵循汽车人机工程标准的设计，可以给消费者带来一系列实实在在的好处：1. 提供更加舒适富有感官体验的驾驶体验：通过遵循汽车人机工程标准，设计者可以创造出更加符合人类工程学原理的车辆。

这意味着驾驶员不仅可以享受使用车辆所带来的愉悦，而且还能够避免身体的疲劳和不适感。

2. 提高驾驶员的安全性：汽车人机工程标准考虑了车内和车外的各种安全因素，包括汽车的刹车、悬挂、气囊系统等等，这将帮助消费者更加安全地驾驶汽车。

汽车人机工程标准范本(doc 36页)人机舒适性要求XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX。

乘坐舒适性：前排人员坐姿要求，后排人员坐姿要求；操作舒适性：驾驶员前部手控舒适区，前车门手控舒适区，后车门手控舒适区，座椅下部手控舒适区，机盖开度舒适性要求，后背门（后行李厢）开度舒适性要求；3.1 乘坐舒适性3.1.1 前排人员坐姿要求前排人员包括驾驶员和前排乘客，在布置上需要满足相应的布置要求，一般情况下，驾驶员与副驾驶员设计坐姿一致，驾驶员还需特别关注下肢的布置角度要求，下图为驾驶员对人体主要关节角度的一般性要求CH:踝关节 85°＜A4＜110° 87°E:肩部点 25°＜A5＜60°C:肘关节 80°＜A6＜165°P:腕关节 170°＜A7＜190°M:指关节T: A点·舒适驾驶姿态-H点根据舒适驾驶姿态进行确定，不同车型的空间、坐姿角度的具体要求如下表所示。

表对于不同车型来说座椅靠背角度一般：25°为最佳舒适状态，靠背角度也可以根据实际需要做相应的调整；踝关节角度一般：87°为最佳舒适状态，关节角度也可以根据实际需要做相应的调整。

·方向盘与踏板之间的关系-方向盘和油门踏板位置根据95%美国男性四肢的舒适角度进行确定图·方向盘中心与H点的间距-纵向长度：405-415mm-垂直高度：370-380mm·方向盘下端与座椅垫之间的关系-我们称之为方向盘间隙-方向盘间隙：最小165mm·座椅调节滑轨的行程包括最前位置和最后位置。

-最前位置：5%的美国女性-最后位置：95%的美国男性*如果是大中型汽车，H点可以位于最后位置的前方表-座椅调节滑轨倾斜角：3°-5°·头部间隙-顶盖装饰板与驾驶员视点之间的高度：200mm -230mm·视觉-确定H点应在考虑前后视野的基础上寻求良好的视觉效果3-2）横向H点位置·应考虑以下因素：-内部乘员宽度-车顶纵梁（横向头部间隙）-方向盘-踏板-等等·内部乘员宽度-肩部空间和臀部空间-考虑到车门内饰和副仪表板的有效空间表·H点位置表·横向头部间隙表·方向盘和踏板踏板的分类：手动挡踏板和制动档踏板手动挡踏板的外形尺寸制动档踏板的外形尺寸油门踏板、制动踏板、离合踏板的相对位置的确定图*SgRP( 座椅参考点): H点踏板间距（mm）踏板高度差（mm）分类C B *1)A*2)A-BB-C 油门-刹车刹车-离合器设70-80 40-50 最60-70 70-80 30-40 0-计指南小1655注：*1) 右置: 最小155；*2) 右置: 同样概念说明：1.θ1 1°- 2°(正常:1.5 °)L ( 方向盘与H点在平面上的长度): 0-10mm 注：*2 H点为座椅调节范围尺寸代码①（此尺寸仅供参考）②③④⑤AHP (油门踪点)4．后H点·如果是紧凑型和小型轿车，应考虑到乘客空间比后乘客厢更为重要。

汽车机械制造的人机工程学设计人机工程学是指将人类的认知、生理、心理等因素融入到产品设计中，以提高产品的人机交互性和适用性。

汽车作为一种复杂的机械系统，其设计不仅需要考虑到安全、性能、经济等因素，还要注重人机工程学的原则，以满足用户的需求并提供良好的使用体验。

一、人机工程学在汽车设计中的应用1. 车内布局与控制面板设计在汽车设计中，人机工程学将考虑到驾驶员的舒适性和操作便利性。

合理的座椅布局、采用人体工程学设计的座椅形状，以及合适的控制面板布局，都能提高驾驶员的操作舒适度和工作效率。

2. 仪表盘和显示屏设计仪表盘和显示屏是驾驶员获取车辆信息的重要工具，其设计应根据驾驶员的视觉特性进行合理布局。

通过合适的字体、图标和颜色搭配，以及良好的亮度和对比度设置，能够提高信息的可读性和辨识度，从而减少驾驶员的视觉疲劳。

3. 方向盘和操纵杆设计方向盘和操纵杆是驾驶员与汽车直接接触的部分，其设计应符合人体工程学原则，以保证驾驶员操作的精准度和舒适性。

合适的形状、材质和手感能够提高驾驶员的操控感，并减少驾驶时的疲劳感。

4. 汽车座椅设计汽车座椅是驾驶员和乘客长时间坐在车上的支撑部分，其设计应考虑到人体工程学原则，以提供舒适的乘坐体验。

合适的座椅形状、支撑性和调节功能能够减少驾驶员和乘客的疲劳感，同时也提高了安全性。

二、人机工程学设计在驾驶安全中的应用1. 视觉警示系统人机工程学设计能够在汽车中应用一些视觉警示系统，如倒车雷达、盲区监测等，以提醒驾驶员注意潜在危险。

这些警示系统通常采用颜色、光线和声音等多重感知方式，以提高驾驶员对周围环境的感知和反应能力，从而减少事故的发生。

2. 音频提示系统在汽车设计中，人机工程学设计也可以应用音频提示系统，如导航系统的语音提示、前方车辆和行人的警报声等。

通过合理的音频设计，能够提供驾驶员更加直观和及时的信息反馈，从而降低驾驶员分心的可能性，确保行车安全。

3. 自动驾驶辅助系统自动驾驶辅助系统是近年来的热门研究领域，人机工程学设计在其中扮演着重要的角色。

SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.QUESTIONS REGARDING THIS DOCUMENT: (724) 772-8512 FAX: (724) 776-0243TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER; (724) 776-4970 FAX: (724) 776-0790SAE WEB ADDRESS 3.Definitions—In addition to the definitions listed as follows, reference is made to the following definitions given in SAE J1100:a.H-pointb.H-point height (H30)c.Steering wheel diameter (W9)d.Accelerator heel point (AHP)e.Seating reference point (SgRP)3.1Class A Vehicles—Vehicles with H-point heights (H30) less than 405 mm and steering wheel diameters (W9)less than 450 mm. This class of vehicles includes passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, and vans.3.2Class B Vehicles—Vehicles with H-point heights (H30) between 405 and 530 mm and steering wheel diameters (W9) between 450 and 560 mm with treadle accelerator pedals. This class of vehicles includes heavy trucks, some medium duty trucks, and some buses.3.3The following definitions pertain to locating procedures for vehicles defined as belonging to Class A.3.3.1C LASS A V EHICLES ' A CCOMMODATION T OOL R EFERENCE L INE —Two-dimensional side view curve which defines a horizontal reference point as a function of H-point height to which driver workspace accommodation tools can be located in vehicle space. The line is appropriate to reference workspace tools to accommodate a driver population with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1. The reference line can be determined from the following equation:(Eq. 1)where:x is the horizontal reference location in mm aft of the accommodation ball of foot reference and z is the height of the H-point above the accommodation heel reference (H30) in mm.3.3.2P EDAL P LANE —A plane viewed as a line in side view which is tangent to the accelerator pedal and represents the bottom of the two-dimensional manikin's shoe.3.3.3P EDAL P LANE A NGLE —The angle between the pedal plane and the horizontal floor which is a function of manikin geometry - the 95th percentile leg links and an 87 degree foot angle with the H-point on the 95th percentile selected seat position curve at a specified H-point height (H30). The pedal plane angle, θ, can be determined from the equation:(Eq. 2)where:z is the height of the H-point above the accelerator heel point (H30) in centimeters. The equation was derived by placing the manikin's H-point on the 95th percentile selected seat position curve, moving the manikin along the curve and measuring the angle its shoe (pedal plane) made with the horizontal floor while keeping the heel on the floor and the ball of foot on the pedal.3.3.4B ALL OF F OOT —A point on a straight line 203 mm from the accelerator heel point tangent to the bottom of the manikin's shoe at the ball of foot.x 793.70.903387z 0.00225518z2–+=θ78.960.15z –0.0173z2–=3.3.595TH P ERCENTILE S ELECTED S EAT P OSITION C URVE —A two-dimensional side view curve which expresses driver selected seat position aft of the ball of foot reference for 95th percentile accommodation as a function of vehicle H-point height. The curve can be determined from the following equation:(Eq. 3)where:x is the location in mm of the 95th percentile H-point aft of the ball of foot and z is the height of the H-point above the accelerator heel point (H30) in mm.3.3.6A CCOMMODATION H EEL R EFERENCE P OINT —A point on the pedal plane that intersects the depressed floor covering below the accelerator pedal. This point is defined when the pedal plane is set up at the appropriate angle, θ, as a function of H-point height and placed tangent to a point on the pedal surface with heel on the floor. This point defines the horizontal reference plane in side view for positioning the Class A accommodation tool reference line.3.3.7A CCOMMODATIONB ALL O F F OOT R EFERENCE P OINT —A point on the pedal plane 203 mm from the accommodation heel reference point. The point is defined when the pedal plane is set up at the appropriate angle, θ, as a function of H-point height and placed tangent to a point on the pedal surface with the heel on the depressed floor covering. This point defines the vertical reference plane in side view for positioning the Class A accommodation tool reference line.3.4The following definitions pertain to locating procedures for vehicles defined as belonging to Class B.3.4.1C LASS B V EHICLES ' A CCOMMODATION T OOL R EFERENCE L INE —Two-dimensional side view line which defines a horizontal reference point as a function of H-point height to which driver workspace accommodation tools can be located in vehicle space. Three different lines are provided to reference workspace tools to accommodate truck driver populations with male-to-female ratios of 50:50, 75:25, and 90:10 to 95:5. The reference lines can be determined from the following equations.(Eq. 4)(Eq. 5)(Eq. 6)where:x is the horizontal reference location in mm aft of the accommodation heel reference and z is the height of the H-point above the accommodation heel reference (H30) in mm.3.4.2P EDAL P LANE —A plane viewed as a line in side view that is parallel to the treadle pedal surface and represents the bottom of the two dimensional manikin's shoe.3.4.3P EDAL P LANE A NGLE —The angle between the pedal plane and the horizontal floor that represents the attitude of the two-dimensional manikin's shoe (manikin ankle angle can exceed 87 degrees) with heel on the floor in contact with the base of the treadle accelerator pedal.x 95913.70.672316z 0.0019553z2–+=For 50:50 male-to-female ratio:x 798.740.446z –=For 75:25 male-to-female ratio:x 822.440.460z –=For 90:10 to 95:5 male-to-female ratio:x 855.310.509z–=3.4.4A CCOMMODATION H EEL R EFERENCE P OINT—A point on the pedal plane that intersects the depressed floorcovering below the accelerator pedal. This point is defined when the pedal plane parallels the surface of the undepressed treadle pedal. This point defines both the horizontal and vertical reference planes in side view for positioning the Class B accommodation tool reference line.4.Background—Previously, manufacturers used a seating reference point (SgRP) to locate driver workspaceaccommodation tools. Definition of the location of this reference point was left to a manufacturer's discretion.Consequently, the SgRP could vary among competitors' vehicles for similar seating arrangements leading to different indications of accommodation provided by commonly used tools. A more consistent reference point across vehicles based on how drivers used the seat travel was required to eliminate those differences.Data to define the reference line to be used in Class A vehicles were collected from fourteen different workspace studies (see Reference SAE Paper 840508). Workspaces included a range of vehicles from sports cars with 145 to 180 mm H-point heights through vans and multipurpose vehicles with 300 to 405 mm H-point heights. Steering wheel diameters were between 330 and 442 mm. Driver selected seat position of subjects stratified by stature and sex to represent the general driving population (assuming a 50:50 male-to-female mix) were collected in these workspaces. Data were converted to H-point locations relative to a manikin ball of foot reference for each package.The median H-point location, a statistically stable reference point, was determined for each package and plotted as a function of package H-point height (H30). A second degree polynomial was fit to the data. This line which gives a horizontal reference location as a function of H-point height for a driver population composed of 50% males and 50% females is the accommodation tool reference line for vehicles defined as belonging to Class A.Data to define the reference line to be used in Class B vehicles were collected from a heavy truck workspace study (see References M.S. Sanders 1983 and B.E. Shaw 1984). The workspace simulated three truck cab configurations with H-point heights of 405, 468, and 530 mm and steering wheel diameters of 457, 508, and 560 mm. All configurations had a treadle accelerator pedal and suspended clutch. Driver selected seat position of male and female heavy truck drivers were collected in the workspace. Data were converted to H-point locations relative to a manikin heel point reference for each package.Pedal configuration determined the reference points chosen for both classes of vehicles. Most Class A vehicles have suspended accelerator pedals. With a suspended pedal, the manikin's ball of foot reference is less likely to change due to the amount of seat travel provided in a workspace. The heel point location however changes with the amount of available travel. Most Class B vehicles have treadle pedals. With this configuration pedal, the manikin's heel point has a physical stop to rest against making it less likely to change as a function of pedal depression angle. Application of this practice (Class B) supposes a reasonable, typical accelerator pedal angle.A statistical technique was used to generate four populations from the original truck workspace data with thefollowing ratios of males and females; 50:50, 75:25, 90:10, and 95:5. Median H-point locations were determined for the three H-point height configurations by population mix and plotted as a function of H-point height (H30). Straight lines were fitted to each of the four mixes of data. (Second degree expressions were not used due to paucity of data). Separate equations define horizontal reference points as a function of H-point height for truck driver populations with 50:50 and 75:25 male-to-female ratios. The linear expressions for populations with 90:10 and 95:5 male-to-female ratios were very similar. Therefore, one equation, appropriate for both mixes, was developed to define a horizontal reference point as a function of H-point height. These three lines which give horizontal H-point location as a function of H-point height for populations with male-to-female ratios of 50:50, 75:25, and 90:10 to 95:5 are the accommodation tool reference lines for vehicles defined as belonging to Class B.5.Description5.1Equations—Equations are given that define horizontal reference points in vehicle space as a function ofH-point height. One second degree equation defines the accommodation tool reference line for Class A vehicles. The line is appropriate to reference workspace tools to accommodate a driver population with a 1:1 male-to-female ratio. Three first degree equations define the accommodation tool reference lines for Class B vehicles. One line is appropriate to reference workspace tools to accommodate truck driver populations with 50% males and 50% females; the second line, populations with 75% males and 25% females; the third line, populations with 90% to 95% males and 10% to 5% females. All accommodation tool reference lines are located in vehicle space relative to vertical and horizontal side view planes. In Class A vehicles, these planes are defined from the accommodation ball of foot and the accommodation heel reference points. In Class B vehicles, these planes are defined from the accommodation heel reference point only. Procedures for establishing these planes differ for Class A and Class B vehicles.5.2Application Table—A table (Table 1) is given that provides information for defining the accommodation heeland ball of foot reference points for Class A vehicles only to which the accommodation tool reference line can be located. The table provides the following:a.The horizontal distance between the accommodation ball of foot reference point and theaccommodation heel reference point (referred to as L in Table 1).b.The vertical distance between the accommodation heel reference point and the accommodation ball offoot reference point (referred to as H in T able 1).Use of the table eliminates the necessity of computing the pedal plane angle, θ, since L and H values can be used to define the pedal plane and its angle, θ.6.Locating Procedures—Different procedures are used to locate accommodation tool reference lines inClass A and Class B vehicles. Procedures are based on a given H-point height and given accelerator pedal hardware.6.1Use the following procedure to define accommodation heel and ball of foot reference points to locate theaccommodation tool reference line in Class A workspaces.6.1.1Construct a right triangle using the L and H values from Table 1 for the given or measured H-point height, z.the hypotenuse represents the pedal plane. The corner of the triangle point where the hypotenuse meets the horizontal leg represents the accommodation heel reference point. The corner of the triangle where the hypotenuse meets the vertical leg represents the accommodation ball of foot reference point. The angle between the hypotenuse and horizontal leg of the triangle represents the pedal plane angle, θ.6.1.2Determine the shape of the accelerator pedal in side view and any associated pivots that allow the pedalangle to adapt to the driver's foot.6.1.3Set the hypotenuse of the triangle (pedal plane) tangent to the pedal. Rock the pedal if geometry allowsmovement. The pedal plane may extend beyond the fall of foot for pedal contact. The horizontal leg of the triangle must be aligned with the depressed heel.6.1.4Locate the accommodation tool reference line to the accommodation heel and ball of foot reference points.Since these points do not lie in the same horizontal and vertical planes, horizontal and vertical side view lines should be constructed through the reference points. The intersection of these lines, defines the side view station to which the accommodation tool reference line is located.6.1.5For certain treadle pedal configurations in Class A vehicles, the following situations may occur:6.1.5.1If the angle the treadle pedal surface makes with the floor is less than the pedal plane angle, θ, theaccommodation heel reference point will contact the pedal surface, but the accommodation ball of foot reference point will not. (See Figure 2.) In this case, set the accommodation heel reference point in contact with the pedal, then pivot the pedal plane around this point until the accommodation ball of foot vertical reference point contacts the pedal surface. Locate the accommodation tool reference line to these points using the same procedure outlined in 6.1.4.6.1.5.2If the angle the treadle pedal surface makes with the floor is greater than the pedal plane angle, θ, theaccommodation ball of foot reference point will contact the pedal surface, but the accommodation heel reference point will not. (See Figure 3.) In this case, define the accommodation ball of foot reference at pedal contact, even though the pedal plane may go through the pedal surface, and the accommodation heel reference does not contact the pedal surface. Locate the accommodation tool reference line to the accommodation heel and ball of foot reference using the same procedure outlined in 6.1.4.6.2Use the following procedure to define the accommodation heel reference point to locate the accommodationtool reference line in Class B vehicles.6.2.1For treadle pedal, define the pedal plane and pedal plane angle, from the treadle pedal surface and the anglethe pedal makes with the floor, and proceed to 6.2.2. If a suspended pedal is used in a Class B vehicle, the following procedure should be used to define the accommodation heel reference point.6.2.1.1Determine the pedal plane angle, as defined by the equation (Equation 2) given in 3.3.3. Construct a line(pedal plane) tangent to the undepressed accelerator pedal in the side view which intersects the floor at the determined angle. Rock the pedal as necessary if geometry allows movement to adapt to the driver's foot. Proceed to 6.2.2.6.2.2Define the accommodation heel reference point as the point where the pedal plane intersects the depressedfloor coverings. This point also represents the vertical station to which the accommodation tool reference line is to be located.6.2.3Determine population mix for design. Locate the appropriate accommodation tool reference line to theaccommodation heel reference point.TABLE 1—5.2 APPLICATION TABLEChair Height (Z) mm 95% H-Point Aftof Ball of Foot(X)mmBall of FootLength toHeel Point (L)mmBall of FootHeight AboveHeel Point (H)mm100 961.4 50.0 196.7 105 962.7 50.9 196.5 110 964.0 51.8 196.3 115 965.2 52.7 196.0 120 966.2 53.7 195.8125 967.254.7195.5 130968.155.7195.2 135968.856.7194.9 140969.557.8194.6145970.158.9194.3 150970.660.0193.9 155970.961.1193.6 160971.262.3193.2165971.463.5192.8 170971.564.7192.4 175971.566.0192.0 180971.467.3191.5185971.268.6191.1190970.969.9190.6195970.571.2190.1200970.072.6189.6205969.474.0189.0210968.775.5188.5215967.976.9187.9220967.078.4187.3225966.079.9186.6230964.981.4186.0235963.783.0185.3240962.484.5184.6245961.186.1183.8250959.687.7183.1255958.089.4182.3260956.391.0181.5265954.692.7180.6270952.794.4179.7275950.796.1178.8280948.797.8177.9285946.599.6176.9 290944.2101.3175.9 295941.9103.1174.9 300939.4104.9173.8 305936.9106.7172.7 310934.2108.5171.6 315931.5110.4170.4 320928.6112.2169.2 325925.7114.1167.9 330922.6115.9166.6 335919.5117.8165.3 340916.3119.7163.9 345912.9121.6162.5 350909.5123.5161.1 355906.0125.5159.6 360902.3127.4158.1 365898.6129.3156.5 370894.8131.2154.9 375890.9133.2153.2 380886.8135.1151.5 385882.7137.0149.8 390878.5139.0148.0 395874.2140.9146.1 400869.8142.8144.2TABLE 1—5.2 APPLICATION TABLE (CONTINUED)Chair Height (Z) mm 95% H-Point Aft of Ball of Foot(X)mmBall of Foot Length to Heel Point (L)mmBall of Foot Height Above Heel Point (H)mmFIGURE 1—TRUCK ACCOMMODATION TOOL REFERENCE LINEFIGURE 2—FIGURE 3—PREPARED BY THE SAE TRUCK AND BUS OCCUPATIONAL PARAMETERS SUBCOMMITTEEOF THE SAE TRUCK AND BUS OCCUPANT AND ENVIRONMENT COMMITTEESAE J1516 Reaffirmed DEC1998Rationale—Not applicable.Relationship of SAE Standard to ISO Standard—Not applicable.Application—Reference lines have been developed to which driver workspace accomodation tools can be located in vehicle space. The lines describe horizontal reference point locations as a function of vehicle H-point height (H30). One reference line has been established for use in vehicles with H-point heights (H30) and steering wheel diameters (W9) less than 405 and 450 mm, respectively. (Class A Vehicles) This point can be used to reference appropriate workspace tools to accomodate a driver population witha male-to-female ratio of one-to-one. Separate reference lines have been established for use in vehicleswith H-point heights (H30) between 405 and 530 mm and steering wheel diameters (W9) between 450 and 560 mm with treadle type pedals. (Class B Vehicles) Figure 1. Three lines are available for use in Class B vehicles depending on the percentages of males and females in the population the designer wishes to accommodate. Separate points can be used to reference appropriate workspace tools to accommodate driver populations with male-to-female ratios of 50:50, 75:25, and 90:10 to 95:5.Difference procedures for locating Class A and Class B accommodation tool reference lines in vehicle space have been established based on unique packaging considerations of the two categories of vehicles.Reference SectionSAE J941—Motor Vehicle Driver's Eye RangeSAE J1052—Motor Vehicle Driver and Passenger Head PositionSAE J1100—Motor Vehicle DimensionsSAE J1517—Driver Selected Seat PositionSAE J1521—Truck Driver Shin-Knee Position for Clutch and AccelerationSAE J1522—Truck Driver Stomach PositionSAE Paper No. 840508—Driver Selected Seat Position ModelM.S. Sanders (1983), "U.S. T ruck Driver Anthropometric and Truck Workspace Study," Final Report Submitted to: Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc., Warrendale, PA.B.E.Shaw and M.S. Sanders (1984), "Female U.S. Truck Driver Anthropometric and Truck WorkspaceStudy," Final Report Submitted to: Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc., Warrendale, PA. Developed by the SAE Truck and Bus Occupational Parameters SubcommitteeSponsored by the SAE Truck and Bus Cab Occupant and Environment Committee。

车辆SAE人机相关标准精品文档，放心下载，放心阅读标准清单-SAE中人机工程相关的标准标准号标准中英文名称简要内容"SAEJ182a" "车辆三维参考坐标系和基准标记Motor Vehicle Fiducial Marks and Three-demension Reference System" 此标准叙述了建立及确定整车三维参考坐标系的步骤及方法"SAEJ287" "驾驶员手控制及伸及范围Driver Hand Control Reach" 此标准叙述了轿车、多用途车和轻中型卡车进行驾驶员布置时，针对不同男/女比率其不同的手操作控制伸及范围和位置。

"SAEJ383" "车辆座椅安全带的固定位置Motor Vehicle Seat Belt Anchorages" 此标准叙述了安全带的固定位置，用于确定座椅总成在车内布置位置及安全带固定结构。

"SAEJ826" "H点装置及工具的设计过程及有关规定H-Point Machine and Design tool Procedures and Specifications" 此标准叙述的H点装置提供了实际进行车内乘员布置及测量的方法。

此装置用于乘坐位置的布置设计和验证。

"SAEJ902" "轿车风窗玻璃除雾系统Passenger Car Windshield Defrosting Systems" 此标准叙述了评价轿车风窗玻璃除雾系统的测试程序和有关性能规定。

"SAEJ903" "轿车风窗玻璃雨刷系统Passenger Car Windshield Wiper Systems" 此标准叙述了评价轿车风窗玻璃雨刷系统的测试程序和有关性能规定。

人机舒适性要求XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX。

乘坐舒适性：前排人员坐姿要求，后排人员坐姿要求；操作舒适性：驾驶员前部手控舒适区，前车门手控舒适区，后车门手控舒适区，座椅下部手控舒适区，机盖开度舒适性要求，后背门（后行李厢）开度舒适性要求；3.1 乘坐舒适性3.1.1 前排人员坐姿要求前排人员包括驾驶员和前排乘客，在布置上需要满足相应的布置要求，一般情况下，驾驶员与副驾驶员设计坐姿一致，驾驶员还需特别关注下肢的布置角度要求，下图为驾驶员对人体主要关节角度的一般性要求————95%美国男性5%美国女性关节名称舒适角度最佳角度靠背角 20°＜A1＜30° 25°H: 胯点 95°＜A2＜110° 95°G: 膝关节 95°＜A3＜135° 125°CH:踝关节 85°＜A4＜110° 87°E:肩部点 25°＜A5＜60°C:肘关节 80°＜A6＜165°P:腕关节 170°＜A7＜190°M:指关节T: A点·舒适驾驶姿态-H点根据舒适驾驶姿态进行确定，不同车型的空间、坐姿角度的具体要求如下表所示。

表对于不同车型来说座椅靠背角度一般：25°为最佳舒适状态，靠背角度也可以根据实际需要做相应的调整；踝关节角度一般：87°为最佳舒适状态，关节角度也可以根据实际需要做相应的调整。

·方向盘与踏板之间的关系-方向盘和油门踏板位置根据95%美国男性四肢的舒适角度进行确定图·方向盘中心与H点的间距-纵向长度：405-415mm-垂直高度：370-380mm·方向盘下端与座椅垫之间的关系-我们称之为方向盘间隙-方向盘间隙：最小165mm·座椅调节滑轨的行程包括最前位置和最后位置。

人机工程设计规范1.杯托尺寸校核2.车外车门开关及舒适性2.1 前后门把手距离空载地面距离设计规定740-1160mm；2.2 前后门把手长度最小值为90mm, 推荐值为105mm；2.3 前后门把手高度推荐值为29-33mm；2.4 前后门把手进入操作间隙最小值为36mm；2.5 前后门把手下方操作空间最小值为26mm。

3.点火锁操作空间规定R≥30mm。

4.拉手4.1 前排顶棚拉手旳布置位置在拉手中心点距前排R点+X向10mm至A柱之间；4.2 后排顶棚拉手旳布置规定拉手中心至后排座椅R点-X向距离为80-165mm；4.3 拉手旳有效操作空间推荐≥35mm；4.4 A.B柱拉手中心离地高度推荐值1230-1590mm；4.5 A.B柱拉手与R点Z向高度推荐410-630mm；4.6 拉手旳有效操作长度推荐≥100mm。

5.发动机罩锁人机舒适性序号类别规定（mm）备注1 发动机罩锁手柄后部边缘与发≤25 26-65 66-90 ≥90 动机罩钣金前沿旳距离（A）2 发动机罩弹起后操作发动机罩25 35 45 60锁进入空间（B）3 发动机罩锁手柄后部边缘操作≥25空间（C）6.发动机盖开关及舒适性校核6.1 SAE5%女性手伸及包络（倾斜）；6.2 SAE5%女性手伸及包络（不倾斜）；6.3 SAE95%男性头部运动包络（倾斜）；6.4 SAE95%男性头部运动包络（不倾斜）。

7.发动机盖板翻转起来之后处在6.2和6.3之间, 则满足操作舒适性规定。

8.扶手箱7.1 扶手箱长度及高度旳布置7.1.1 扶手箱旳长度及高度旳一般布置规定如下图所示:注: A SgRP点向前参照值: 100-175mm, 没有上限值；B SgRP点向后参照值: 90-100mm, 没有上限值；H 高度参照值：160-180mm, 最小150mm, 最大190mm。

7.1.2 A.B假如在参照值范围内, 驾驶员手肘不能还是不能碰到扶手箱, 则扶手箱应采用滑移型, 滑移距离最小为50mm。