肿瘤词汇大全

西医肿瘤科术语英文翻译以下是常见的西医肿瘤科术语英文翻译：1. 肿瘤学：Oncology2. 癌症：Cancer3. 良性肿瘤：Benign Tumors4. 恶性肿瘤：Malignant Tumors5. 原发性肿瘤：Primary Tumors6. 继发性肿瘤：Metastatic Tumors7. 肉瘤：Sarcomas8. 癌细胞：Cancer Cells9. 肿瘤细胞学：Cytology of Tumors10. 肿瘤标志物：Tumor Markers11. 肿瘤免疫学：Immunology of Tumors12. 肿瘤病理学：Pathology of Tumors13. 肿瘤细胞遗传学：Cytogenetics of Tumors14. 放射治疗：Radiation Therapy15. 化学治疗：Chemotherapy16. 靶向治疗：Targeted Therapy17. 免疫治疗：Immunotherapy18. 激素治疗：Hormonal Therapy19. 姑息治疗：Palliative Care20. 肿瘤切除手术：Tumor Resection Surgery21. 化疗药物：Chemotherapeutic Agents22. 放疗设备：Radiation Therapy Equipment23. 内窥镜手术：Endoscopic Surgery24. 肿瘤基因检测：Tumor Genetic Testing25. 肿瘤细胞培养：Tumor Cell Culture26. 肿瘤细胞株：Tumor Cell Lines27. 细胞毒药物：Cytotoxic Drugs28. 生物反应调节剂：Biological Response Modifiers (BRMs)29. 肿瘤疫苗：Tumor Vaccines30. 基因治疗：Gene Therapy31. 过继性细胞免疫治疗：Adoptive Cellular Immunotherapy (ACI)32. 肿瘤干细胞：Tumor Stem Cells (TSCs)33. 肿瘤微环境：Tumor Microenvironment (TME)34. 癌症基因组学：Cancer Genomics35. 癌症蛋白质组学：Cancer Proteomics36. 癌症代谢组学：Cancer Metabolomics37. 多学科综合治疗团队：Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) Approach38. 个体化治疗：Personalized/Precision Medicine39. 基于分子分型的治疗策略：Molecular Subtype-Based Therapeutic Strategies40. 新辅助治疗与辅助治疗：Neoadjuvant and Adjuvant Therapies41. 微卫星不稳定（MSI）：Microsatellite Instability (MSI)42. 体细胞突变与胚系突变：Somatic and Germline Mutations43. 多药耐药性（MDR）：Multidrug Resistance (MDR)44. 表观遗传学修饰：Epigenetic Modifications45. 系统性红斑狼疮与肿瘤风险（SLE与肿瘤）：Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Tumor Risk (SLE and Cancer)46. 基因突变筛查与预防性筛查：Genetic Mutation Screening and Preventive Screening47. 量子点与光热疗法（QD-PTT）：Quantum Dots and Photothermal Therapy (QD-PTT)48. 正电子发射断层扫描（PET）：Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan49. 正电子药物与示踪剂（PET药物）：Positron-Emitting Radiopharmaceuticals (PET Radiopharmaceuticals)。

常见肿瘤英文名1.乳腺癌: breast cancer2.非霍奇金淋巴瘤: non-hodgkin lymphoma3.霍奇金淋巴瘤: hodgkin lymphoma4.奥沙利铂: Oxaliplatin5.吉西他滨：Gemcitabine6.多发性骨髓瘤: multiple myeloma7.胸膜间皮瘤: pleural mesothetioma8.贲门癌: cancinoma of gastric cardia9.阴茎癌: penis cancer10.氟尿嘧啶: Fluorouracil11.洛铂: Lobaplatin12.培美曲塞: pemetrexed13.胰腺癌: pancreatic cancer14.前列腺癌: prostatic cancer15.卵巢癌: ovarian cancer16.食管癌: esophageal cancer17.绒毛膜癌: chorioblastoma18.宫颈癌: cervical cancer19.胃癌: gastric cancer20.肝癌：liver cancer21.结肠癌: colonic cancer22.直肠癌：rectal cancer23.肺癌：lung cancer24.子宫内膜癌：cancer of endometrium25.肾癌：renal cancinoma26.膀胱癌：bladder cancer27.鼻咽癌：nasopharyngeal cancinoma28.上颌窦癌：cancinoma of maxillary sinus29.喉癌：cancinoma of larynx30.下咽癌：Hypopharyngeal cancer31.睾丸肿瘤：tumor of testis32.恶性黑色素瘤：chromoma；malignant melanoma33.皮肤癌：skin cancer34.胆管癌：cancinoma of bile duct35.甲状腺癌：thyroid cancer36.脑恶性肿瘤：malignant brain tumor37.垂体瘤：pituitary tumors38.急性白血病：acute leukemia (AL)39.慢性粒细胞性白血病: chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML)40.慢性淋巴细胞性白血病: chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)41.多毛细胞性白血病: hairy cell leukemia (HCL)42. malignant neoplasm of spermatic cord(精索恶性肿瘤)43.prolactinoma(泌乳素瘤)44.Hypopituitarism(垂体功能减退症)。

Oncology肿瘤学(zhong liu xue)Oncologist肿瘤科医师(zhong liu ke yi shi)A physician who specializes in the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of cancer.Carcinoma癌(ai)，癌瘤(ai liu)Carcinoma is the most common form of cancer. This cancer develops from epithelia上皮细胞(shang pi xi bao)(sheets of cells that cover a surface, such a the skin, or line a body cavity, such as the glandular lining of stomach). Some names for tumors of this type would be:Carcinoma of the prostate前列腺癌科(qian lie xian liu ke)Adenocarcinoma of the lung肺腺癌(fei xian ai) 肺病(fei bing)Hepatocellular carcinoma肝细胞癌(gan xi bao ai)Sarcoma肉瘤(rou liu), 恶性毒瘤(er xing du liu)A rare form of cancer that arises from connective and supportive tissues, such as that seen in thebone marrow 骨髓(gu sui) , muscle, and lymphatics淋巴系统. (lin ba xi tong)Osteosarcoma (malignancy of bone) 骨肉瘤(gu rou liu), multiple myeloma (malignancy of bone marrow) 骨髓瘤(gu rou liu) are two examples. The term sarcoma does not always appear in the name as in the second example.Malignant恶性的(e xing de) vs. Benign良性的(liang xing de)Literally, the Malignant vs. Benign expression means “evil” versus “good”. Malignant is the term used when a cancer or a medical condition has the potentioal to become life threating or terminal. Benign, on the other hand, means that the disease is not fatal. Advanced malignancy 减轻的(jie qin de) is when a cancer is well developed.Radiosensitive 对放射线敏感的(fa she min gan)The cancer degenerates退化(tui hua) in response to radiation therapy.Radioresistant 辐射阻抗的(fa she xian zu kang de)Cancer is slow to respond or may not respond at all to radiation therapy.Metastasis转移(zhuan yi)The placement of cancer in other organs or tissues other then the origin 起源(qi yuan)is called metastasis and the traveling of the cancer to other areas of the body to form new tumors is termed Metastasize转移(zhuan yi). This Invasive入侵的(ru qin de) quality of a tumor to spread into surrounding organs is a manor differentiation between malignant and benign.In remission免除(mian chu)This is the term that indicates a time period of holding the cancer in check 被阻止(.bei zu zh i).Relapse复发(bu fa)When a cancer returns, the patient is said to relapse. Unfortunately, many cancers, such as leukemia (Overabundance of white blood cells) 白血病(Bai xue bing), recur.Carcinogens良性肿瘤(liang xing zhong liu)Carcinogens are cancer-causing agents. Broad categories include radiation exposure, chemicals, drugs and viruses. Only certain types of chemicals, drugs and viruses are carcinogens and excessive radiation exposure. Environmental chemicals found in tobacco smoke and automotive exhaust, toxic emissions from factory smokestacks, and asbestos exposure can be carcinogenic致癌物(质) 的(zhi ai wu zhi de). Human Papilloma virus 乳突淋瘤病毒(ru tu lin liu bing du) is the major cause of cervical子宫颈的(zi gong jing de) cancer.Fractionation 低剂量分次给药(di ji liang fen ci gei yao)Repeated low doses of radiation therapy that allow a higher total doseMyelosuppressionA side effect副作用(fu zuo yong) of chemotherapy is the reduction of bone marrow 骨髓(gu ge) blood cell replacement. Patients may complain of extreme fatigue due to anemia 贫血(pin xie) and can be at an increased risk for infectious diseases 传染病(chuan ran bing) due to the reduced number of leucocytes白血病. (bai xie bing).Chemotherapeutic agents 化学疗法(hua xue liao fa)Chemotherapy化学疗法(hua xue liao fa) has the goal of killing or stopping the development of rapidly dividing cells. Examples are Cisplatin, Carboplatin, Bleomycin博来霉素(bo lai mei su), 5-fluorouraci5氟尿嘧啶(fu niao mi ding), methotrexate甲氨蝶呤(jia an die ling), Vincristine长春新碱(chang chun xin jia), Vinblastine长春碱(chang chun jian), Taxol and Tamoxifen三苯氧胺(san ben yang an). Since the same mechanism that kills a malignant cell or blocks development of a malignant cell can have similar effects on a normal, rapidly dividing cell, any of these agents can have bad side effects. Some forms of cancer treated with chem otherapy may cause the cancer to “disappear” for a while although not cured and the patient may be symptom free sometimes for months or years.Malignant melanoma 恶性黑素瘤(e xing hei su liu)Melanoma 黑素瘤(hei su liu) 皮膚癌(pi tu ai), 澳洲皮膚癌(ao zhou pi tu ai) or "black mole cancer" is the name given to the most dangerous form of skin cancer皮肤癌(pi fu ai) it is malignant melanoma惡性黑素瘤(e xing hei su liu),. The reason melanoma is so dangerousis that once it grows to a certain thickness, it metastasizes throughout the body. After the melanoma has spread to the internal organs there is little that can be done and death follows shortly after. This type of cancer tends to occur in men and women in the prime of their lives最初的(zui chu de), 青春(qing chun),精华(jing hua).Adjuvant therapy 辅助疗法(fu zhu liao fa)After surgical removal of the cancer there are additional treatments, which may include chemotherapy, radiation, or combination of both.Cryosurgery 冷冻术(leng dong shu)Destroying malignant tissue by freezing it with a cold probe. Often used for soft tissues like the liver.Fulguration 电灼疗法(dian zhuo liao fa)This term means “lightning” in Latin. Malignant tissue destroyed with an electrocautery电烙术(dian lao shu) instrument.Excisional Biopsy 切除(qie chu) 活组织检查(hua zu ji jian cha)Removal of tumor and a safe margin of normal tissue is how an excisional biopsy is performed. Can be curative for many cancers if done before metastases活组织检查(huo zu ji jian cha), 活组织切片检查(huo zu ji qie pian jian cha).En bloc resection 清扫术(qing shao shu)Removal of the tumor and a large amount of surrounding tissue including positive lymph nodes淋巴结(lin ba jie) is called an en bloc resection.Palliative treatment缓解治疗(huan jie zhi liao)Gives relief of symptoms, but does not cure and is reserved for advanced malignancy。

医学英语词汇肿瘤中英互译医学英语词汇：肿瘤中英互译malignant melanoma神经外胚层：恶性黑色素瘤malignant meningioma脑膜：恶性脑膜瘤malignant mesothelioma间皮：恶性间皮瘤malignant mixed tumor唾液腺：恶性混合瘤malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor， malignant schwannoma神经鞘：恶性周边神经鞘肿瘤malignant pheochromocytoma肾上腺髓质：恶性嗜铬细胞瘤malignant phyllodes tumor乳房：恶性叶状瘤malignant teratoma恶性畸胎瘤metastasis远处转移Microinvasive carcinoma微侵袭癌mild dysplasia轻度异生moderate dysplasia中度异生moderately differentiated中度分化myeloma浆细胞：骨髓瘤neuroblastoma神经节细胞：神经母细胞瘤neuroblastoma神经母细胞瘤neuron-specific enolase; NSE神经特异性烯醇adenocarcinoma腺管上皮：腺癌adrenal cortical carcinoma肾上腺皮质：肾上腺皮质癌American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging; AJCC美国癌症分期联合委员会angiosara血管内皮：医学教.育网血管肉瘤basal cell carcinoma基内幕胞：基内幕胞癌calcitonin抑钙素carcinoembryonic antigen; CEA癌胚抗原carcinoma恶性上皮肿瘤Carcinoma in situ原位癌catecholamine儿茶酚胺chondrosara软骨：软骨肉瘤choriocarcinoma胎盘上皮：绒毛膜癌direct extension直接蔓延dysgerminoma恶性胚胎瘤Dysplasia异生fetoprotein; AFP胎蛋白fibrosara纤维组织：纤维肉瘤FIGO： International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics国际妇产科学联盟glioma神经胶细胞：神经胶细胞瘤hematogenous metastasis血行转移hepatocellular carcinoma; hepatoma肝细胞：肝细胞癌histopathological grading组织病理分化human chorionic gonadotropin; HCG人类绒毛膜促性腺素immature teratoma全能细胞：未成熟畸胎瘤International Union against Cancer; UICC国际防癌联盟Invasive carcinoma侵袭癌leiomyosara平滑肌：平滑肌肉瘤leukemia造血细胞：白血病liposara脂肪组织：脂肪肉瘤lymphangiosara淋巴管内皮：淋巴管肉瘤lymphatic metastasis淋巴转移lymphoma类淋巴组织：淋巴瘤node淋巴结oma良性肿瘤osteosara硬骨：骨肉瘤poorly differentiated分化不良prostate-specific antigen; PSA前列腺特异性抗原prostatic acid phosphatase; PAP前列腺酸性磷酸renal cell carcinoma肾脏上皮：肾细胞癌rhabdomyosara横纹肌：横纹肌肉瘤sara恶性间叶肿瘤seminoma生殖细胞：精细胞瘤severe dysplasia重度异生squamous cell carcinoma鳞状上皮：鳞状细胞癌stage期别synovial sara滑膜：医.学教.育网搜.集滑膜肉瘤thymic carcinoma胸腺上皮：胸腺癌transitional cell carcinoma泌尿道上皮：过渡细胞癌tumor marker临床检验：含肿瘤标记undifferentiated未分化well differentiated分化良好。

与肿瘤学相关的名词解释1.肿瘤（Tumor）：指异常细胞的不受控制地生长和分裂形成的结构，可以是良性（不会侵犯周围组织）或恶性（能够侵犯周围组织并扩散到其他部位）。

2.癌症（Cancer）：是一种代表恶性肿瘤的术语，指肿瘤细胞具有侵袭性、能够通过血液或淋巴系统延伸到其他部位的特征。

3.肿瘤标志物（Tumor marker）：血液中或其他体液中存在的特定化学物质，其存在水平可以在肿瘤的诊断和监测中提供信息。

4.良性肿瘤（Benign tumor）：指细胞异常增生，形成结节或肿块，但不具有恶性特征，无能力侵入周围组织或扩散到其他部位。

5.恶性肿瘤（Malignant tumor）：指细胞不受控制地生长和分裂，并且有侵犯周围组织的能力，可以通过血液循环或淋巴系统转移到其他部位。

6.转移（Metastasis）：肿瘤细胞从原发肿瘤扩散到其他部位的过程，这些扩散的肿瘤称为转移瘤。

7.原发肿瘤（Primary tumor）：指肿瘤最初发生的部位，通常是恶性肿瘤的起源。

8.化疗（Chemotherapy）：通过使用抗癌药物来杀死或控制癌细胞的治疗方法，常用于恶性肿瘤的治疗。

9.放疗（Radiation therapy）：利用高能射线或其他辐射源来杀死癌细胞或停止其增殖的治疗方法，常用于局部控制癌症。

10.手术切除（Surgical excision）：指通过手术切除肿瘤组织的方法，可以是恶性肿瘤的一种治疗方式，也可用于诊断确认。

拓展解释：11.免疫治疗（Immunotherapy）：利用激活或增强患者自身免疫系统来对抗肿瘤细胞的治疗方法，可以通过抑制肿瘤免疫逃逸、增加免疫反应等方式来提高抗癌能力。

12.靶向治疗（Targeted therapy）：针对肿瘤细胞中特定的变异基因或异常蛋白进行治疗，以抑制肿瘤细胞的生长和扩散，通常用于恶性肿瘤的个体化治疗。

13.早期诊断（Early detection）：通过检测肿瘤标志物、影像学检查或其他方法来尽早发现潜在的肿瘤，以便提供更好的治疗机会和预后。

O n c o l o g y肿瘤学(z h o n g l i u x u e)Oncologist肿瘤科医师(zhong liu ke yi shi)A physician who specializes in the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of cancer.Carcinoma癌(ai)，癌瘤(ai liu)Carcinoma is the most common form of cancer. This cancer develops from epithelia上皮细胞(shang pi xi bao)(sheets of cells that cover a surface, such a the skin, or line a body cavity, such as the glandular lining of stomach). Some names for tumors of this type would be:Carcinoma of the prostate前列腺癌科(qian lie xian liu ke)Adenocarcinoma of the lung肺腺癌(fei xian ai) 肺病(fei bing)Hepatocellular carcinoma肝细胞癌(gan xi bao ai)Sarcoma肉瘤(rou liu), 恶性毒瘤(er xing du liu)A rare form of cancer that arises from connective and supportive tissues, such as that seen in thebone marrow 骨髓(gu sui) , muscle, and lymphatics淋巴系统. (lin ba xi tong)Osteosarcoma (malignancy of bone) 骨肉瘤(gu rou liu), multiple myeloma (malignancy of bone marrow) 骨髓瘤(gu rou liu) are two examples. The term sarcoma does not always appear in the name as in the second example.Malignant恶性的(e xing de) vs. Benign良性的(liang xing de)Literally, the Malignant vs. Benign expression means “evil” versus “good”. Malignant is the term used when a cancer or a medical condition has the potentioal to become life threating or terminal. Benign, on the other hand, means that the disease is not fatal. Advanced malignancy 减轻的(jie qin de) is when a cancer is well developed.Radiosensitive 对放射线敏感的(fa she min gan)The cancer degenerates退化(tui hua) in response to radiation therapy.Radioresistant 辐射阻抗的(fa she xian zu kang de)Cancer is slow to respond or may not respond at all to radiation therapy.Metastasis转移(zhuan yi)The placement of cancer in other organs or tissues other then the origin 起源(qi yuan) is called metastasis and the traveling of the cancer to other areas of the body to form new tumors is termed Metastasize转移(zhuan yi). This Invasive入侵的(ru qin de) quality of a tumor to spread into surrounding organs is a manor differentiation between malignant and benign.In remission免除(mian chu)This is the term that indicates a time period of holding the cancer in check 被阻止(.bei zu zh i).Relapse复发(bu fa)When a cancer returns, the patient is said to relapse. Unfortunately, many cancers, such as leukemia (Overabundance of white blood cells) 白血病(Bai xue bing), recur.Carcinogens良性肿瘤(liang xing zhong liu)Carcinogens are cancer-causing agents. Broad categories include radiation exposure, chemicals, drugs and viruses. Only certain types of chemicals, drugs and viruses are carcinogens and excessive radiation exposure. Environmental chemicals found in tobacco smoke and automotive exhaust, toxic emissions from factory smokestacks, and asbestos exposure can be carcinogenic致癌物(质) 的(zhi ai wu zhi de). Human Papilloma virus 乳突淋瘤病毒(ru tu linliu bing du) is the major cause of cervical子宫颈的(zi gong jing de) cancer.Fractionation 低剂量分次给药(di ji liang fen ci gei yao)Repeated low doses of radiation therapy that allow a higher total doseMyelosuppressionA side effect副作用(fu zuo yong) of chemotherapy is the reduction of bone marrow 骨髓(gu ge) blood cell replacement. Patients may complain of extreme fatigue due to anemia 贫血(pin xie) and can be at an increased risk for infectious diseases 传染病(chuan ran bing) due to the reduced number of leucocytes白血病. (bai xie bing). Chemotherapeutic agents 化学疗法(hua xue liao fa)Chemotherapy化学疗法(hua xue liao fa) has the goal of killing or stopping the development of rapidly dividing cells. Examples are Cisplatin, Carboplatin, Bleomycin博来霉素(bo lai mei su), 5-fluorouraci 5氟尿嘧啶(fu niao mi ding), methotrexate甲氨蝶呤(jia an die ling), Vincristine长春新碱(chang chun xin jia), Vinblastine长春碱(chang chun jian), Taxol and Tamoxifen三苯氧胺(san ben yang an). Since the same mechanism that kills a malignant cell or blocks development of a malignant cell can have similar effects on a normal, rapidly dividing cell, any of these agents can have bad side effects. Some forms of cancer treated with chemotherapy may cause the cancer to “disappear” for a while although not cured and the patient may be symptom free sometimes for months or years. Malignant melanoma 恶性黑素瘤(e xing hei su liu)Melanoma 黑素瘤(hei su liu) 皮膚癌(pi tu ai), 澳洲皮膚癌(ao zhou pi tu ai) or "black mole cancer" is the name given to the most dangerous form of skin cancer皮肤癌(pi fu ai) it is malignant melanoma惡性黑素瘤(e xing hei su liu),. The reason melanoma is so dangerous is that once it grows to a certain thickness, it metastasizes throughout the body. After the melanoma has spread to the internal organs there is little that can be done and death follows shortly after. This type of cancer tends to occur in men and women in the prime of their lives最初的(zui chu de), 青春(qing chun),精华(jing hua).Adjuvant therapy 辅助疗法(fu zhu liao fa)After surgical removal of the cancer there are additional treatments, which may include chemotherapy, radiation, or combination of both.Cryosurgery 冷冻术(leng dong shu)Destroying malignant tissue by freezing it with a cold probe. Often used for soft tissues like the liver.Fulguration 电灼疗法(dian zhuo liao fa)This term means “lightning” in Latin. Malignant tissue destroyed with an electrocautery电烙术(dian lao shu) instrument.Excisional Biopsy 切除(qie chu) 活组织检查(hua zu ji jian cha)Removal of tumor and a safe margin of normal tissue is how an excisional biopsy is performed. Can be curative for many cancers if done before metastases活组织检查(huo zu ji jian cha), 活组织切片检查(huo zu ji qie pian jian cha).En bloc resection 清扫术(qing shao shu)Removal of the tumor and a large amount of surrounding tissue including positive lymph nodes淋巴结(lin ba jie) is called an en bloc resection.Palliative treatment缓解治疗(huan jie zhi liao)Gives relief of symptoms, but does not cure and is reserved for advanced malignancy。

肉瘤：sarcom心包积液：pericardial effusion;hydropericardium恶性：malignancy渗出物：良性：Benign effusion喘： gasp;to pant; breathe heavly播散：dissemination; spreading上腹不适：superior belly malaise; upsetmetastasis转移：盗汗：治疗：therapynight sweats 声音嘶诊断：diagnosis哑：voice; phono-; soundHoarseness临床表现：clinical situation支架：cage;carriage;cradle clinical scale临床分级：进食困难：手术后：post- operationeating difficulty吞咽困难：肿大：tumefaction dysphagia口服：肿胀：tumentia oral良性息肉：hemoptysis咯血：benign polyps癌变：咳痰：expectoration carcinomatous房颤：atrial fibrillation sputum痰：发作：attack痰培养：sputum cultivation鼻饲：nasal feedingBreathlessness气短：嗳气：belch; belching; burping; eructation发热：febrile搔痒：to tickle; to scratch an itch chill; rigor; shiver; chills;寒战：衰弱：weakness shivered; shivering躁动：restlessness胸水：pleural fluid口腔溃疡：③pneumonitiscanker sore; oral ulcer; ulcer of ②pneumonia①炎肺：mouth pulmonitis脱发：obstructive pneumonia阻塞性肺炎：alopecia; loss of hair; baldness 感觉减退：hypoesthesia;hypesthesia dyspnoea; dyspnea呼吸困难：疼痛：ache;Aching;Pain flustered; panicky心慌：pantalgia全身痛：pleural effusion; hydrothorax胸腔积液：乳腺痛：mastalgia低蛋白血症：hypoproteinemia全身水肿：hyposarca胸痛：chest pain消瘦：emaciation; marasmus; ②腹痛：abdominal painabdominalgia marcor;thinness; tabificationnotalgia; dorsodynia; 背痛：backache;贫血：anemiaDorsalgia类白血病反应：leukemoid reaction腰痛：lumbag白血病：胸部压痛：tenderness of chestleukemia白细胞：leucocyte便秘：constipation红细胞：erythrocyte；大便失禁：encopresis; fecal incontinence血小板：blood platelet; thrombocyte;scatacratia血红蛋白：尿潴留：ferrohemoglobinurinary retention白细胞减少：恶心：nausealeucocytopenia; leukopenia血小板减少：呕吐：omitting thrombocytopenia骨髓抑制咖啡样呕吐物：caffee-ground vomit bone marrow depression：淋巴结：呕血：lymph nodehematemesis; Vomiting of blood胸腺：①上消thymusupper ②thymus gland of ：化道出血hemorrhage锁骨上淋巴结：supraclavicular lymph upper tract; gastrointestinal nodes digestive 锁骨下淋巴结：hemorrhage subclavicular lymph node腋窝淋巴结axillary lymph node便血：hematochezia耳后淋巴结：posterior auricular lymph node tarry stools柏油样便：腹股沟淋巴结：diarrhea；；diarrhoea腹泻：diarrheainguinal lymph node;lymph node of groin排尿时里急后重：vesical tenesmus颈淋巴结：cervical lymph node;尿失禁：urinary incontinencejugular lymph node食欲：appetite纵隔：dyscrasia恶液质：mediastina纵隔后淋巴结lassitude倦怠：:posterior mediastinal lymphnodes cachecxia cachexy恶病质：活组织检查；活体解剖：biopsy and intraductal carcinoma of breast乳腺浸润性癌：biopsy IBC;invasive breast cancer淋巴结细针吸活组织检查：fine needle 乳腺囊肿：of lymph node galactocele; lactocele乳腺硬癌：mastoscirrhus淋巴结细针吸引活组织检查：fine needle髓样癌：aspiration biopsy of lymph nodemedullary carcinoma乙型肝炎：burkitt's lymphoma; malignant hepatitis B恶性淋巴瘤：肝硬化：cirrhosis of liver lymphoma肝昏迷：hepatic coma金氏病：malignant杰何前驱期：Hodgkin's prodromal period lymphogranulomatosis;潜伏期：diseaseincubation period; latent period初期：蕈样霉菌病：mycosis fungoides incipient stage静止期：quiescent stage恶性黑色素瘤：malignant melanoma恢复期：convalescent stageconchae;Concha nasalis;鼻甲：碱性磷酸酶：alkaline phosphatasenasoturbinalnasalturbinate;酸性磷酸酶：acid phosphatase concha; turbinate; turbinates谷草conchectomy+鼻甲切除术：转氨酶：glutamic-oxal(o)acetictransaminase病理诊断：pathologic diagnosis谷丙转氨酶：glutamic-pyruvic squamousaaryngeal 癌细鳞喉状胞： transaminase门静脉高压：portal hypertension carcinoma慢性胆囊炎：chronic cholecystitisesophageal cancer食道癌：胆管炎：SCLC;small cell lung cancer小细胞肺癌：cholangitis胆石症：gallstoneNSCLC;non-small cell lung 非小细胞肺癌：胆色素：cancerbile pigments; porphobilin胆囊炎：间皮瘤：cholecystitis mesothelioma胆囊脓肿：胸膜：abscess of gallbladder pleura胆囊囊肿：乳腺癌：；mammary cancer cyst of gallbladderobstructive jaundice梗阻性黄疸：Paget's disease病和导管内癌：Paget乳腺胰腺癌：pancreatic cancer; pancreatic 卵巢：oophoro-;ovario-卵巢的：ovarian carcinoma输卵管：fallopian 胰岛细胞癌：Islet cell carcinoma tube;oviduct;uterine tubeinsulinoma; insuloma胰岛素瘤：附件癌：胰头：head of pancreas adnexal carcinoma 壶腹周围癌：妇产科学:OB-GYN(obstetric-gynaecolog)； Bottle belly around cancer粘膜：obstertrics-gynecolog(abb. OBGyN)mucosa 腹膜：妇科学: gynecology Peritoneum腹膜后：盆腔：pelvic kidney retroperitoneum盆腔肿块：Pelvic lump spleen脾：〔动〕;lien; lineal肛门：anus腹部穿剌术：Abdominal paracentesis降结肠癌：kidney肾：descending colon carcinoma直肠癌：rectal cancer; pimeloma;stone;of 肾结石：calculus kidney; kidneycarcinoma of rectumstone;renal renal nephrolithiasis;大肠癌：calculus前列腺：prostate肾上腺：suprarenal gland; adrenal gland前列腺肥大：prostatic hyperplasia; ; cysr-; cysto-; urocyst膀胱：bladderprostatauxe metra-;metro-子宫：动脉瘤：aneurysm cancer of the womb子宫癌：脑胶质瘤：brain glioma 子宫肌瘤：hysteromyoma; myoma of uterus脑垂体瘤：（子宫内膜癌）子宫体癌：brain pituitary tumourcorpuscarcinoma of皮肤：carcinoma uteri; of skin; strap; leash; cutisendometrium滑膜肉瘤：子宫囊肿：synovial sarcoma cyst of uterus恶性黑色素瘤：ovarian cyst卵巢囊肿：malignant melanoma胃镜：子宫不规则出血：metrorrhagiagastroscope胃溃疡：;子宫镜gastric ulcer; stomach ulcer metroscop子宫镜检查：urinary stone 泌尿道结石：myoma肌瘤：绝经：menopause MRI：磁共振成象PSA: Prostate specific antigen前列腺特异绝经后期：postmenopause抗原绝经后出血：postmenopausal bleeding免疫功能：immunological function雌激素：estrin; estrogen;Estrogens免疫系统：immune systemandrogen雄激素：神经系统： estrogen;Estrogens ）nervous system （雌激素受体：estrin腺癌：adenocarcinoma receptor鳞癌：squamous carcinoma corlutin; 孕酮：progesterone; flavolutan;鳞腺癌：adeno-squamous carcinomafologenon;esterol;gestone;gestormone;g未分化癌：undifferentiated carcinomaestron;lipo-lutin;sistociclina;syngest单纯癌：carcinoma simplex erone;proluton;progestone;progesterol;硬癌：inocarcinomaprogekan;primolut;pregnenedione汗腺癌：香芳化酶抑Sweat gland carcinoma exemestane;制剂：arimedex;印戒细胞癌：signet-ring cell carcinoma fadrozol; vorozole粘液细胞癌：mucilage cell;mucous positive阳性：cellcarcinoma阴性：negative类癌：carcinoid pathologic fracture病理性骨折：甲状腺髓样癌：medullary plaster;gypsumthyroid carcinoma石膏：大肠癌：石膏固定术：large intestine carcinoma plaster immobilization白血病：Leukemia病理诊断：pathologic diagnosis急性淋巴细胞白血病：histopathologic 病理组织学检查：acute lymphoblastic leukemia; ALL examination慢性粒细胞白血病：chronic B-model ultrasound scanningB超：myelocyticleukemia; chronic granulocytic leukemia; 心电图：electrocardiogram;ECGCML; CGL; 超声心动图（echocardiogram骨肉瘤：electrocardiograph 心,心电描记器osteosarcoma;osteogenic sarcomarenal cell carcinoma肾细胞癌：）;电图机分化：differentiation5-Fu：氟尿嘧啶：5-FluorouracilFYL：氟铁龙：免疫功能：immunological function FortulonFI-207：替加氟：Tegafur死亡率：mortalityHCFU：卡莫氟，嘧氟禄：adjuvant chemotherapyCarmofur辅助化疗：IFN新辅助化疗：neoadjuvant chemotherapy：干扰素：InterferonIL-2：白细胞介素-2诱导化疗：induction chemotherapy：Intelukin2MTXRadiation; radiation theraphy; 放射疗法：：氨甲蝶呤：MethotrexatePDN：强的松：Prednisoneradiotherapeutics; radiotherapyTAM：他莫西芬（三苯氧胺）：Tamoxifen生物疗法：biological therapyMA：甲地孕酮：Megestrol acetate;Mebace BRM;biological response 生物反应调节剂：MPA：甲孕酮：Medroxyprogesterone acetate modifier(s);Provera; Veramix;medicinethe 中药疗法：traditional ChineseMIT：米托蒽醌：Mitoxantrone;Noventrone therapyTAX：紫杉醇：Paclitexal瘤苗：：泰素：Taxol外周血干细胞移植：：泰素蒂：Taxotere；Docetaxol；方案：pathologic fractureVCR：长春新碱：Vincristine spontaneous fractureVLB：长春花碱：Vinblastine反应：responseVDS：长春酰胺：side effect副反应：VindesineNVBBLM：博来霉素：：诺维本（去甲长春花碱）：Novelbine BleomycinVP-16：足叶乙甙（依托泊甙）：Pingyangmycin; PYM：平阳霉素：EtoposideVM-26：威猛（替尼泊甙）：Teniposide Bleomycin A5ADM：阿霉素：CisplatinDDP：顺铂：AdriamycinTHPCBP：吡喃阿霉Carboplatin：卡铂：素：THP-adriamycin;Pirarubicin oxaliplatin草酸铂：EPI：表阿霉素：Epirubicin Hydroxycamptothecin：羟基喜树碱：HCPT Mitomycin C ：丝裂霉素：MMC Cyclophosphamide：环磷酰胺：CTX．CSF：集落刺激因子：colony stimulating 全身症状：constitutional(systemic)symptom factor间接症状：indirect symptomcomplication并发症：诱发症状：induced symptom并发病：complicating diseases局部症状：local symptom流行病：epidemic disease精神症状：mental symptom遗传病：inherited disease听诊：auscultationoccupational disease职业病：视诊：inspectioninfectious disease传染病：触诊：palpation叩诊：Percussion chief complaint主诉：谵妄：delirium临床表现：clinical manifestation;哮喘：asthma clinical situation穿孔：perforation history; medical history病史：溃疡：ulceration既往史：past history坏死：necrosis个人史：personal history出汗，大量出汗：diaphoresis; sweating; 分娩史：delivery historyperspiration;月经史：menarche盗汗：night sweat初潮：menarche消瘦：emaciation; marasmus; marcor; menopause; menoschesis;闭经：thinness; tabification amenorrhea; amenia家族史：family history pathogenesis; nosogenesis发病机制：婚姻状况：marital status症状：symptom主要症状：cardinal symptom classical symptom典型症状：concomitant symptom伴发症状：。

肿瘤词汇大全(总3页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--好多刚接触肿瘤研究的小伙伴们傻傻的分不清楚cfDNA和ctDNA，搞不明白什么是SNP和SNV，不知道什么是融合基因和易感基因。

不怕不怕，今天小编汇总了一些肿瘤研究领域的常见词汇。

有了这篇肿瘤词汇大全，看文献搞科研妥妥的~1. cfDNA (cell free DNA)cfDNA即血液中游离的自身DNA，这类DNA多是从身体的细胞或者白血球破裂释放出来的，这基本都是无害的，会被自身清理掉。

2. ctDNA (circulating tumor DNA)ctDNA即循环肿瘤DNA，是一种来自肿瘤细胞的游离DNA，存在于血液、滑膜液和脑脊液等体液中。

因为ctDNA和由正常细胞产生的游离DNA碎片是混合在一起的，只占所有游离DNA（cell-free DNA，cfDNA）含量的%-1%之间，因此准确检测出ctDNA的难度相当的大。

3. CTCs (circulating tumor cells)CTCs即循环肿瘤细胞，是从原发肿瘤或转移形成的新肿瘤上掉落，并且进入到患者的外周血循环系统中的恶性肿瘤细胞。

因自发或诊疗操作会从实体肿瘤病灶（原发灶、转移灶）脱落，大部分CTC在进入外周血后发生凋亡或被吞噬，只有少数能够逃逸并锚着发展成为转移灶。

而近年来的大量文献证明，CTC与早期癌症的不良预后相关，涵盖乳腺癌、膀胱癌、头颈癌、睾丸生殖细胞癌与结直肠癌等多种癌症。

4. 体细胞突变 (somatic mutation)体细胞突变是指除生殖细胞外的体细胞所发生的变异，如发生在器官和组织的变异。

这些变异是肿瘤样品所特有的，其并不来源于父母，也不会传递给后代，往往跟肿瘤的发生和发展有着密切关系，是肿瘤研究中的重点，对于揭示肿瘤发生发展机制有着重要作用。

5. 生殖细胞突变生殖细胞突变，是指来源于精子或卵子的细胞的突变，会传递给后代。

肿瘤相关英语词汇肿瘤相关英语词汇肿瘤相关英语词汇adenocarcinoma 腺管上皮腺癌adrenal cortical carcinoma 肾上腺皮质肾上腺皮质癌american joint committee on cancer staging; ajcc 美国癌症分期联合委员会angiosarcoma 血管内皮血管肉瘤basal cell carcinoma 基底细胞基底细胞癌calcitonin 抑钙素carcinoembryonic antigen; cea 癌胚抗原carcinoma 恶性上皮肿瘤carcinoma in situ 原位癌catecholamine 儿茶酚胺chondrosarcoma 软骨软骨肉瘤choriocarcinoma 胎盘上皮绒毛膜癌direct extension 直接蔓延dysgerminoma 恶性胚胎瘤dysplasia 异生fetoprotein; afp 胎蛋白fibrosarcoma 纤维组织纤维肉瘤figo international federation of gynecology and obstetrics 国际妇产科学联盟glioma 神经胶细胞神经胶细胞瘤hematogenous metastasis 血行转移hepatocellular carcinoma; hepatoma 肝细胞肝细胞癌histopathological grading 组织病理分化human chorionic gonadotropin; hcg 人类绒毛膜促性腺素immature teratoma 全能细胞未成熟畸胎瘤international union against cancer; uicc 国际防癌联盟invasive carcinoma 侵袭癌leiomyosarcoma 平滑肌平滑肌肉瘤leukemia 造血细胞白血病liposarcoma 脂肪组织脂肪肉瘤lymphangiosarcoma 淋巴管内皮淋巴管肉瘤lymphatic metastasis 淋巴转移lymphoma 类淋巴组织淋巴瘤malignant melanoma 神经外胚层恶性黑色素瘤malignant meningioma 脑膜恶性脑膜瘤malignant mesothelioma 间皮恶性间皮瘤malignant mixed tumor 唾液腺恶性混合瘤malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, malignant schwannoma 神经鞘恶性周边神经鞘肿瘤malignant pheochromocytoma 肾上腺髓质恶性嗜铬细胞瘤malignant phyllodes tumor 乳房恶性叶状瘤malignant teratoma 恶性畸胎瘤metastasis 远处转移microinvasive carcinoma 微侵袭癌mild dysplasia 轻度异生moderate dysplasia 中度异生moderately differentiated 中度分化myeloma 浆细胞骨髓瘤neuroblastoma 神经节细胞神经母细胞瘤neuroblastoma 神经母细胞瘤neuron-specific enolase; nse 神经特异性烯醇node 淋巴结oma 良性肿瘤osteosarcoma 硬骨骨肉瘤poorly differentiated 分化不良prostate-specific antigen; psa 前列腺特异性抗原prostatic acid phosphatase; pap 前列腺酸性磷酸renal cell carcinoma 肾脏上皮肾细胞癌rhabdomyosarcoma 横纹肌横纹肌肉瘤sarcoma 恶性间叶肿瘤seminoma 生殖细胞精细胞瘤severe dysplasia 重度异生squamous cell carcinoma 鳞状上皮鳞状细胞癌stage 期别synovial sarcoma 滑膜滑膜肉瘤thymic carcinoma 胸腺上皮胸腺癌transitional cell carcinoma 泌尿道上皮过渡细胞癌tumor marker 临床检验含肿瘤标记undifferentiated 未分化well differentiated 分化良好肿瘤相关英语词汇相关内容:。

肿瘤有关词汇中英对照它是指细胞在致癌因素作用下，基因发生了改变，失去对其生长的正常调控，导致单克隆性异常增生而形成的新生物。

为大家整理了肿瘤有关词汇中英对照，希望对你有帮助哦!肿瘤有关词汇中英对照一：carcinoembryonic antigen; CEA癌胚抗原carcinoma 恶性上皮肿瘤Carcinoma in situ原位癌catecholamine儿茶酚胺chondrosarcoma软骨: 软骨肉瘤choriocarcinoma胎盘上皮: 绒毛膜癌direct extension直接蔓延dysgerminoma恶性胚胎瘤Dysplasia异生fetoprotein; AFP胎蛋白fibrosarcoma纤维组织: 纤维肉瘤FIGO: International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics国际妇产科学联盟glioma神经胶细胞: 神经胶细胞瘤hematogenous metastasis血行转移hepatocellular carcinoma; hepatoma肝细胞: 肝细胞癌histopathological grading组织病理分化human chorionic gonadotropin; HCG人类绒毛膜促性腺素immature teratoma全能细胞: 未成熟畸胎瘤International Union against Cancer; UICC国际防癌联盟lymphangiosarcoma淋巴管内皮: 淋巴管肉瘤lymphatic metastasis淋巴转移lymphoma类淋巴组织: 淋巴瘤malignant melanoma神经外胚层: 恶性黑色素瘤malignant meningioma 脑膜: 恶性脑膜瘤malignant mesothelioma间皮: 恶性间皮瘤malignant mixed tumor唾液腺: 恶性混合瘤malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, malignant schwannoma神经鞘: 恶性周边神经鞘肿瘤malignant pheochromocytoma肾上腺髓质: 恶性嗜铬细胞瘤malignant phyllodestumor乳房: 恶性叶状瘤malignant teratoma恶性畸胎瘤metastasis远处转移Microinvasive carcinoma微侵袭癌mild dysplasia轻度异生moderate dysplasia中度异生moderately differentiated中度分化myeloma浆细胞: 骨髓瘤neuroblastoma神经节细胞: 神经母细胞瘤neuroblastoma神经母细胞瘤neuron-specific enolase; NSE神经特异性烯醇。

肿瘤类专业名词
1. 癌症：一种由恶性细胞异常增殖和扩散而导致的疾病。

2. 肿瘤：细胞异常增生而形成的可供触摸、观察或诊断的新生物体。

3. 肿瘤标志物：一种血液或组织中表达的特定分子，可用于诊断、监测和预测肿瘤。

4. 肿瘤抑制基因：一种调控细胞生长和分化的基因，其突变或失活可导致肿瘤形成。

5. 肿瘤细胞：发生了异常变化的细胞，其增殖和生存能力超过正常细胞。

6. 肿瘤分期：根据肿瘤的大小、扩散程度和淋巴结受侵情况，在临床上判断肿瘤的严重程度。

7. 放射治疗：利用放射线来杀死肿瘤细胞或抑制其增殖的治疗方法。

8. 化疗：以药物为主要手段，通过抑制肿瘤细胞的增殖和分化来治疗肿瘤的方法。

9. 靶向治疗：通过靶向特定的分子、信号通路或细胞机制来干扰肿瘤的治疗方法。

10. 免疫疗法：利用激活或增强免疫系统来攻击和抑制肿瘤细胞的治疗手段。

肿瘤学tumor suppress genegrowth fraction (GF）platelet-derived growth factor epidermal growth factor (EGF) transforming growth factor (TGF) parenchymastromavascular permeability factor (VPF) vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)chemotherapymalignant tumordrug sensitivitydrug resistancenatural resistanceacquired resistanceclonogenic assaydose densitydose intensityinvasion/metastasisprimary tumor / secondary tumor 抑癌基因生长因子血小板衍生生长因子表皮生长因子转化生长因子实质间质血管通透性因子血管内皮生长因子化疗恶性肿瘤药物敏感性耐药性天然耐药性获得性耐药性克隆生成测定剂量强度剂量密度侵袭/转移原发瘤/继发瘤homotypic adhesionheterotypic adhesionprimary invasionsecondary invasionlymph nodeIntravital vediormicroscopy (IVVM) PrecancerMulti-drug resistance (MDR)Multi-drug resistance-associated protein (MRP)lung resistance-related protein (LRP) breast cancer-resistance protein (BCRP) taxol/paclitaxoltumor specific antigen (TSA)cytokinetumor vaccinesynergize(v)mammospheresuspension culturerelapseglioblastomaorthotopic 同质性粘附异质性粘附原发性侵袭继发性侵袭淋巴结活体内显微摄影癌前病变多药耐药性多药耐药相关蛋白肺耐药相关蛋白乳腺癌耐药蛋白紫杉醇肿瘤特异性抗原细胞因子肿瘤疫苗协同微球体悬浮培养复发胶质母细胞瘤原位的xenograft protocal validate elucidate antagonism ovanian cancer Luciferase spleen intestinetailtail vein injection electroporation attenuate(v) mortality heterogeneity metabolism LesionectopicoptimalLipase disseminate 异种方案验证阐明拮抗荧光素酶脾肠尾尾静脉注射电穿孔抑制死亡不均一性/异质性新陈代谢病变异位最佳的磷脂酶扩散prostate cancer prostate cancer stem cell 前列腺癌前列腺癌干细胞。

Advanced ABC Breast Cancer 晚期乳腺癌Adenoid Cystic腺囊癌ACC CarcinomaAdrenal肾上腺皮质瘤ACC cortical carcinomaAdvancedACC Colorectal CarcinomaAnaplasticALCL Large-cell LymphomaAcuteALL Lymphoblastic LeukemiaAcuteAMKL megakaryoblasticleukemia 病AcuteAML myelogenous leukemiaAlveolarARMS rhabdomyosarcomaBasal CellBCC CarcinomaChronicCGL Granulocytic LeukaemiaCervicalCIN IntraepithelialNeoplasmChronicCLL Lymphocytic LeukemiaChronicCML Myelogenous LeukemiachronicCMML myelomonocytic 病晚期大肠癌间变大细胞淋巴瘤急性淋巴细胞白血病急性原巨核细胞白血急性髓细胞性白血病腺泡横纹肌肉瘤基底细胞癌慢性粒细胞性白血病宫颈上皮内瘤慢性淋巴细胞白血病慢性髓细胞性白血病慢性粒单核细胞白血leukemiaColorectalCRC carcinoma 结直肠癌Cutaneous T-原发性皮肤T细胞淋CTCL Cell Lymphoma 巴瘤Ductal乳腺导管内原位癌DCIS DLBCLDLCLEMCFMTCGISTHCCHCLHDHNPCCHNSCC Carcinoma In SituDiffuse LargeB-cell Lymphoma 瘤Diffuse large-cell lymphomaExtraskeletal Myxoid ChondrosarcomaFamilial Medullary Thyroid CarcinomaGastrointestinalStromal TumorsHepatocellularCarcinomaHairy CellLeukaemiaHodgkin'sDisease (lymphoma)HereditaryNonPolyposisColorectal Cancer 肠癌Head and NeckSquamous CellCarcinoma 弥漫性大B细胞淋巴弥漫性大细胞淋巴瘤骨外黏液样软骨肉瘤家族性甲状腺髓质癌胃肠道间质瘤肝细胞癌毛细胞白血病xx淋巴瘤遗传性非息肉病性大头颈部鳞状细胞癌Lentigo恶性黑色素瘤LMM Maligna MelanomaMM MelanomaMalignantMM MyelanomaMultiple 恶性雀斑样痣样黑素瘤恶性黑色素瘤MMMPNSTMRTNHLNMNMSCNPCNRSTSNSCLCONBOSPET MyelomaMalignantPeripheral NerveSheath TumourRhabdoid Tumournon Hodgkin'slymphomaNodularMelanomaNon MelanomaSkin CancerNasopharyngealCarcinomaNon-Rhabdomyosarcoma SoftTissue Sarcoma 肉瘤Non-Small CellLung CancerOlfactoryNeuroblastomaOsteogenicsarcomaPancreaticEndocrine Tumor 多发性骨髓瘤恶性外周神经鞘瘤恶性横纹肌样瘤非xx淋巴瘤结节性xx非黑色素瘤皮肤癌鼻咽癌非横纹肌肉瘤软组织非小细胞肺癌嗅神经母细胞瘤成骨性肉瘤胰腺内分泌肿瘤Primary原发性骨淋巴瘤PLB Lymphoma of BonePrimitive原始神经外胚层肿瘤PNET neuroectodermal tumour Renal Cell肾细胞癌RCC CarcinomaRMS rhabdomyosarcomaSquamous CellSCC CarcinomaSmall cellSCLC lung cancerSuperficialSSM Spreading MelanomaTransitionalTCC Cell CarcinomaTriple-TNBC Negative Breast CancerWaldenstrom'sWM MacroglobulinemiaYolk sacYST tumour 横纹肌肉瘤鳞状细胞癌小细胞肺癌浅表扩散性xx移行细胞癌三阴性乳腺癌xx巨球蛋白血症卵黄囊瘤（学习的目的是增长知识，提高能力，相信一分耕耘一分收获，努力就一定可以获得应有的回报）。

2-Aza-derivative 氮杂米托蒽醌5-Fluorouracil 5-氟尿嘧啶6-Mercaptopurine 6-巯嘌呤6-Thioguanine 6-硫鸟嘌呤acidophilic cell adenoma 嗜酸性细胞腺瘤acidophilic cell carcinoma 嗜酸细胞癌ACTH cell adenoma 促肾上腺皮质激素细胞腺瘤Acute Myelocytic Leukemia 急性髓细胞性白血病(AML) a denoacanthoma 腺棘皮癌；腺角化癌Adenocarcinoma 腺癌Adenoma腺瘤a denomatous polyp 腺瘤性息肉adenosquamous carcinoma 腺鳞癌Adjuvant therapy 辅助治疗Adozelesin 阿多来新adrenal cortical carcinoma 肾上腺皮质癌adrenocortical adenoma 肾上腺皮质腺瘤adrenocortical carcinoma 肾上腺皮质癌after-loading Radiotherapy 后装置放射治疗alkylating agents 烷化剂Alpha FetoProtein 甲胎蛋白(AFP) Altretamine 六甲蜜胺片剂、胶囊剂American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging 美国癌症分期联合委员会(AJCC) Aminoglutethimide 氨鲁米特片剂Aminopterin 氨基蝶啶Amsacrine 安吖啶a ngiosarcoma 血管肉瘤Antifolates 叶酸拮抗剂Antimetabolites 抗代谢药物Antineoplastic Agen 抗肿瘤药apudoma 胺前体摄取与脱羧细胞瘤architectural atypia 结构异型性Asparaginase 门冬酰胺酶(L- 门冬酰胺酶)注射剂aspiration needle Biopsy 针吸式活组织检验Astrocytoma 星形细胞瘤Atheroma粉瘤 / 动脉粥瘤atypia 异型性；非典型；不标准basal cell Carcinoma 基底细胞癌basophile cell adenoma 嗜碱性细胞腺瘤batimastat 巴马司他Bence Jones test 凝溶蛋白试验benign tumor 良性肿瘤benign Tumour 良性肿瘤Biopsy 活组织检验Bleomycin 博来霉素Bleomycin A5 Hydrochloride 盐酸平阳霉素注射剂Bleomycin sulfate 博来霉素硫酸盐bleomycins 博莱霉素Body scan 全身扫描borderline tumor 交界性肿瘤Brachytherapy 近距疗法Brain tumour 脑肿瘤bronchioloalveolar carcinoma 细支气管肺泡癌Burkitt lymphoma 伯基特淋巴瘤Busulfan 白消安(马利兰)片剂C Mitomycin C丝裂霉素Cachexia恶病质calcitonin 抑钙素Calcium Folinate 亚叶酸钙注射剂Camorfur 卡莫氟C amptotheca acuminate 喜树碱树Camptothecin 喜树碱cancer 癌症；恶性肿瘤Cancer prevention 肿瘤预防Cancer survey 肿瘤普查Capecitabine 卡培他滨Carboplatin 卡铂注射剂carcinoembryonic antigen 癌胚抗原Carcino-embryonic antigen 癌胚抗原carcinogen 致癌物质Carcinoma 癌Carcinoma Embryonic Antigen 癌胚抗原(CEA) Carcinoma in situ 原位癌carcinoma of breast 乳腺癌carcinoma of esophagus 食道癌，食管癌carcinoma of large intestine 大肠癌carcinoma of pancreas 胰腺癌carcinoma of stomach 胃癌carcinoma of the larynx 喉癌carcinoma of the lung 肺癌carcinoma of the prostate Carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinosarcoma CarmustineCarzelesin catecholamine Catharanthus roseaC-cell carcinoma Ccell cycle non-specific agents cell cycle specific agents cellular atypiacellular oncogenecentral neurocytomacervical adenocarcinoma cervical carcinomacervical epithelial dysplasia CesiumChemotherapy Chlorambucil chlormethine Chlormethine Hydrochloride Chondroblastoma Chondroma Chondrosarcoma Choriocarcinomac hromophobe cell adenoma Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia CisplatinCladribineCobalt colloid adenoma colloid carcinoma colorectal cancer Combretastatin comedocarcinoma Counter, scintillation Counter, whole body Curie Cyclophosphamide cystic前列腺癌腺鳞癌癌肉瘤卡莫司汀注射剂卡折来新儿茶酚胺长春花细胞癌周期非特异性药物周期特异性药物细胞异型性细胞癌基因中枢神经细胞瘤宫颈腺癌，子宫颈腺癌宫颈癌子宫颈上皮非典型增生铯化学(药物)疗法苯丁酸氮芥片剂氮芥盐酸氮芥注射剂软骨母细胞瘤软骨瘤软骨肉瘤绒毛膜癌嫌色性细胞腺瘤慢性髓性白血病(CML)顺铂注射剂克拉屈滨钴胶样腺瘤；胶腺瘤；胶样型腺瘤胶质性癌结肠直肠癌考布他汀粉刺性癌闪光计算器全身性计算器居里环磷酰胺片剂囊状CytarabineCytologyDacarbazine Dacarbazine Citrate Dactinomycin Daunorubicin Hydrochloride degree of differentiation differentiationdiffuse large B-cell lymphoma direct extensionDL-Phenylalanine Mustard DNA Topoisomerase Inhibitors DocetaxelDoxifluridine DoxorubicinDoxorubicin Hydrochlorided ysgerminomadysplasiaEdatrexateembryonal adenoma embryonal Carcinoma Embryonal sarcoma endometrial carcinoma Endothelioma ependymomaepidermoid Carcinoma Epirubicin Hydrochloride ErlotinibErythemaEtoposideEwing's Tumour excisional BiopsyExternal irradiationFamilial Adenomatous Polyposis fetoprotein AFPfibrillary astrocytoma FibromaFibromyoma FibrosarcomaFilling defect阿糖胞苷细胞学达卡巴嗪枸橼酸达卡巴嗪注射剂放线菌素D(更生霉素)注射剂盐酸柔红霉素注射剂分化程度分化弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤直接蔓延苯丙氨酸氮芥片剂拓扑异构酶抑制剂紫杉特尔去氧氟尿苷阿霉素盐酸阿霉素注射剂无性细胞瘤；未分化胚细胞瘤异生依达曲沙胚胎性腺瘤；胚腺瘤；胚胎型腺瘤胚胎癌胚胎肉瘤子宫内膜癌内皮细胞瘤室管膜瘤；室管膜细胞瘤表皮样癌盐酸表柔比星注射剂厄洛替尼红斑依托泊苷尤汶氏瘤割除性活组织检验体外放射家族性腺瘤性息肉病(FAP) 胎蛋白纤维型星形胶质细胞瘤纤维瘤纤维肌瘤纤维肉瘤充盈缺损Film badge 感光胶片徽章Floxuridine 氟尿苷Fludarabine 氟达拉滨Fluororadiography 萤光摄影Fluorouracil 氟尿嘧啶片剂、胶囊剂Flutamide 氟他胺片剂follicular adenoma 滤泡性腺瘤；滤泡腺瘤；滤泡状腺瘤follicular carcinoma 滤胞癌follicular lymphoma 滤泡性淋巴瘤；滤泡型淋巴瘤；滤泡淋巴瘤Formylmerphalan 氮甲片剂Frozen section 冷冻切片检验Ftorafur 替加氟ganglion cell tumors 神经节细胞瘤Gefitinib 吉非替尼Gemcitabine 吉西他滨giant cell glioblastoma 巨细胞型胶质母细胞瘤Glioblastoma 神经胶母细胞瘤GlioBlastoma Multiform 多形性胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)glioma 胶质瘤；神经胶质瘤Gold 金Granisetron Hydrochloride 盐酸格拉司琼注射剂granulosa cell tumor 颗粒细胞瘤H aemangioendothelioma 血管内皮瘤Haemangioma 血管瘤Haemangiosarcoma 血管肉瘤Half life 半衰期hematogenous metastasis 血行转移hepatocellular carcinoma 肝细胞癌hepatoma 肝细胞瘤histopathological grading 组织病理分化Hodgkin lymphoma 霍奇金淋巴瘤Homoharringtonine 高三尖杉酯碱注射剂Horner syndrome 霍纳综合征human chorionic gonadotropin 人类绒毛膜促性腺素Hydroxycamptothecin 羟喜树碱注射剂Hydroxycarbamide 羟基脲片剂、胶囊剂Hyperplasia 增殖过盛Hysteromyomas 子宫平滑肌瘤Ifosfamide 异环磷酰胺注射剂Imatinib伊马替尼immature teratoma Immunotherapyincisional BiopsyInternational Federation of Gynecology and ObstetricsInternational Union against Cancer Interstitial irradiationIntracavitary irradiationinvasioninvasion ductal carcinomainvasion growthinvasion lobular carcinomaInvasive carcinomaIodineIridiumIrinotecanIrradiation sicknessislet cell adenomaKrukenberg's tumorLatentleiomyomaLeiomyosarcomaleptomeningeal carcinomatosis LeukaemialeukemiaLinear acceleratorLipomaLiposarcomalobularlobular carcinoma in situLomustine Losoxantrone Lymphangioendothelioma Lymphangioma Lymphangiosarcoma lymphatic metastasis lymphocyte depletion Hodgkin lymphoma ly mphocyte predominance Hodgkin lymphoma Lymphoma lymphoplasmacytic lymphomaLymphosarcoma未成熟畸胎瘤免疫疗法切开式活组织检验国际妇产科学联盟(FIGO)国际防癌联盟(UICC)组织间放射腔内放射浸润浸润性导管癌浸润性生长浸润性小叶癌侵袭癌碘铱依利替康辐射病胰岛细胞腺瘤库肯伯格瘤；克鲁肯伯格氏瘤；粘液细胞癌潜伏性平滑肌瘤平滑肌肉瘤软脑膜癌病白血病造血白血病直线加速器脂肪瘤脂肪肉瘤分叶状小叶原位癌洛莫司汀胶囊剂洛索蒽醌淋巴管内皮瘤淋巴管瘤淋巴管肉瘤淋巴道转移淋巴细胞消减型霍奇金淋巴瘤淋巴细胞为主型霍奇金淋巴瘤淋巴瘤淋巴浆细胞性淋巴瘤淋巴肉瘤macrofollicular adenoma 巨滤泡性腺瘤malignant change 恶变malignant melanoma 神恶性黑色素瘤malignant meningioma 恶性脑膜瘤malignant mesothelioma 恶性间皮瘤malignant mixed tumor 恶性混合瘤malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor 恶性周边神经鞘肿瘤m alignant pheochromocytoma 恶性嗜铬细胞瘤malignant phyllodes tumor 恶性叶状瘤malignant schwannoma 恶性神经鞘瘤(许旺氏细胞瘤)malignant teratoma 恶性畸胎瘤malignant tumor 恶性肿瘤；恶瘤malignant Tumour 恶性肿瘤mantle cell lymphoma 套细胞淋巴瘤Marimastat 马马司他Marrow depression 骨髓抑制Maryland 马里兰May apple 盾叶鬼臼medullary carcinoma 髓样癌medulloblastoma 髓母细胞瘤Meisoindigotin 甲异靛片剂Melanoma 黑色素瘤Melphalan 美法仑Meningioma 脑脊膜瘤Mercaptopurine 巯嘌呤片剂mesenchyma 间质Mesna美司钠注射剂metaplasia 化生Metastasis 转移 / 扩散Methotrexate 甲氨蝶呤microcarcinoma 微小癌Microcurie微居里Microinvasive carcinoma 微侵袭癌mild dysplasia 轻度异生Millicurie 毫居里Mitomycin 丝裂霉素注射剂Mitoxantrone 米托蒽醌Mitoxantrone Hydrochloride 盐酸米托蒽醌注射剂Mitozolomide 咪托唑胺moderate dysplasia 中度异生moderately differentiated mucinous carcinoma mucinous tumors multiple myeloma myeloid neoplasms Myeloma Myeloma, multiple Myxosarcoma nasopharyngeal carcinoma neoplasiaNeoplasmneoplastic proliferation neoplastic transformation Nephroblastoma neurilemomaN euroblastoma Neurofibroma Neurofibrosarcoma Neurogenic sarcoma Neuroglioma Neuroma neuronspecific enolase Nitrocaphane NitrosoureasnodeNon Hodgkin Lymphoma nonneoplastic proliferation occult carcinoma Oligodendrogliomaoma oncogene oncology oncoprotein Ondansetron Operation, palliative Operation, radical Osteogenic sarcoma Osteoma Osteosarcoma papillary中度分化粘液癌，胶样癌粘液性肿瘤多发性骨髓瘤髓样肿瘤骨髓瘤多发性骨髓瘤黏液肉瘤鼻咽癌肿瘤形成肿(赘)瘤肿瘤性增殖肿瘤性转化肾胚细胞瘤(威耳姆氏瘤) 神经鞘瘤神经母细胞瘤神经纤维瘤神经纤维肉瘤神经性肉瘤神经胶质瘤神经瘤神经特异性烯醇(NSE)硝卡芥注射剂亚硝基脲类淋巴结非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)非肿瘤性增殖隐匿性癌少突胶质细胞瘤良性肿瘤致癌基因肿瘤学肿瘤蛋白；癌蛋白昂丹司琼(恩丹西酮)片剂舒减(姑息)手术根治手术骨性肉瘤骨瘤骨肉瘤乳头状papillary carcinomapapillary cystadenocarcinoma papillomaparenchymaPentostatinPhleomycinsPhosphorusPirarubicin Hydrochloride PiritreximPiroxantronepituitary adenomapituitary carcinomaPlacental Site Trophoblastic Tumor Plant alkaloidsplasma cell dyscrasias Platinum Coordination Complexes Podophyllotoxin Podophyllum peltatum polypoidpoorly differentiatedpre-loading Radiotherapy primary bronchogenic carcinoma primary tumorPrimitive NeuroEctodermal Tumor Procarbazine Hydrochloride promoterprostatic acid phosphatase Prostatic Specific Antigenproto-oncogenepunch Biopsy Purine Antimetabolites Pyrimidine Antimetabolites RadRadiation reaction Radioactive scans Radiodiagnostics Radioimmunoassay Radioisotopes Radiological tests Radiosensitivity乳头状癌乳头状囊腺癌乳头状瘤实质；软细胞组织喷司他丁腐草霉素磷盐酸吡柔比星注射剂吡曲克辛吡咯蒽醌垂体腺瘤垂体腺癌胎盘部位滋养细胞肿瘤(PSTT)植物类碱浆细胞肿瘤铂类化合物鬼臼毒素美洲鬼臼息肉状分化不良前装置放射治疗原发性支气管肺癌原发肿瘤原始神经外胚层肿瘤(PNET)盐酸丙卡巴肼(甲基巴肼)片剂、胶囊剂促癌物前列腺酸性磷酸(PAP)前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)原癌基因钳取式活组织检验嘌呤拮抗剂嘧啶类雷得放射反应放射元素扫描放射诊断术放射线免疫分析法放射性同位素放射检验放射敏感性RadiotherapyRadiumRadonRaltitrexedrenal cell carcinomaReticulum cell sarcomaretinoblastomaRevised European & American classification of Lymphoid neoplasms RhabdomyosarcomaSarcomasarcomatoid carcinomaScintillation detectorsecondary tumorseminomaSemustinesevere dysplasiaSimulatorSpongioblastomasquamous cell CarcinomastagestagingStaging of tumourStaging, clinicalStreptomyces zelensissynovial sarcomaTallysomycinsTamoxifentaxanesTegafurTeletherapyTemozolomideTeniposideTeratoma Thiotepathymic carcinomathyroid adenomathyroid carcinomaThyroid Stimulating Hormone cell carcinomaTomographyTopotecan放射治疗镭氡雷替曲沙肾细胞癌；肾脏上皮肾细胞癌网状细胞肉瘤视网膜母细胞瘤修订欧美淋巴样肿瘤分类(REAL) 横纹肌肉瘤肉瘤肉瘤样癌闪光侦检器继发肿瘤精原细胞瘤司莫司汀胶囊剂重度异生模拟机成胶质细胞瘤鳞状细胞癌期别分期肿瘤分期临床分期链霉菌滑膜肉瘤利苏霉素他莫昔芬片剂、胶囊剂紫杉烷类替加氟片剂、胶囊剂远距疗法替莫唑胺替尼泊甙畸胎瘤塞替派注射剂胸腺癌甲状腺腺瘤甲状腺癌促甲状腺细胞腺瘤断层摄影拓扑替康Tracer dosetranscoelomic metastasis transitional cell Carcinoma Triazeroimidazoles Trimetrexatetubular adenoma tubulovillous adenomatumorTumor in situtumor markertumor suppressor genetumor virustumor-associated antigen tumorigenic agenttumor-like lesionstumor-specific antigen Tumourtwo hit hypothesisulcerativeundifferentiated undifferentiated carcinoma undifferentiated sarcoma vesicularnucleus cell carcinoma villousvillous adenomaVinblastine Sulfate vinblastinsVincristineVincristine Sulfate VindesineVindesine Sulfate Vinorelbine Bitartrate well differentiatedWilm’s tumour Yttrium描记剂量种植性转移移行上皮细胞癌氮烯咪唑类三甲曲沙管状腺瘤管状绒毛状腺瘤肿瘤；肿块；赘生物原位癌临床检验：含肿瘤标记抑癌基因；肿瘤抑制基因肿瘤病毒肿瘤相关抗原致瘤因子瘤样病变肿瘤特异性抗原肿瘤二次突变假说；二次打击假说溃疡状未分化未分化癌未分化肉瘤泡状核细胞癌绒毛状绒毛状腺瘤硫酸长春碱注射剂长春碱类长春新碱硫酸长春新碱(醛基长春碱)注射剂长春地辛硫酸长春地辛注射剂重酒石酸长春瑞宾注射剂分化良好威耳姆氏瘤(肾胚细胞瘤) 钇。

adenocarcinoma 腺管上皮: 腺癌den carcinoma 腺管上皮: 腺癌adrenal cortical carcinoma 肾上腺皮质: 肾上腺皮质癌Alpha- Iantitrypsin deficiency a-抗甲状腺素缺乏症American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging; AJCC 美国癌症分期联合委员会angiosarcoma 血管内皮: 血管肉瘤basal cell carcinoma 基底细胞: 基底细胞癌breast carcinoma 乳腺癌calcitonin 抑钙素carcinoembryonic antigen; CEA 癌胚抗原carcinoma 恶性上皮肿瘤Carcinoma in situ 原位癌catecholamine 儿茶酚cerebroma 脑瘤chondrosarcoma 软骨: 软骨肉瘤choriocarcinoma 胎盘上皮: 绒毛膜癌colon cancer 结肠癌Cysticfibrosis 囊性纤维变性direct extension 直接蔓延dysgerminoma 恶性胚胎瘤Dysplasia 异生fetoprotein; AFP 胎蛋白fibrosarcoma 纤维组织: 纤维肉瘤FIGO: International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics 国际妇产科学联盟Familialhypercholesterolemia 家族性胆固醇过多症Fanconi sanemia Fanconi's贫血症glioma 神经胶细胞: 神经胶细胞瘤家族性脾性贫血Gaucher's病hematogenous metastasis 血行转移hepatocellular carcinoma; hepatoma 肝细胞: 肝细胞癌hepatoma ;liver cancer 肝癌HemophiIia 血友病histopathological grading 组织病理分化human chorionic gonadotropin; HCG 人类绒毛膜促性腺素Hunter's syndrome 亨特氏综合症immature teratoma 全能细胞: 未成熟畸胎瘤International Union against Cancer; UICC 国际防癌联盟Invasive carcinoma 侵袭癌leiomyosarcoma 平滑肌: 平滑肌肉瘤leukemia 造血细胞: 白血病、自细胞瘤liposarcoma 脂肪组织: 脂肪肉瘤lung cancer 肺癌lymphangiosarcoma 淋巴管内皮: 淋巴管肉瘤lymphatic metastasis 淋巴转移lymphoma 淋巴肉瘤、类淋巴组织: 淋巴瘤malignant melanoma 神经外胚层: 恶性黑色素瘤malignant meningioma 脑膜: 恶性脑膜瘤malignant mesothelioma 间皮: 恶性间皮瘤malignant mixed tumor 唾液腺: 恶性混合瘤malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, malignant schwannoma 神经鞘: 恶性周边神经鞘肿瘤malignant pheochromocytoma 肾上腺髓质: 恶性嗜铬细胞瘤malignant phyllodes tumor 乳房: 恶性叶状瘤malignant teratoma 恶性畸胎瘤melanoma 癌症黑素瘤mesothelioma 间皮瘤metastasis 远处转移Microinvasive carcinoma 微侵袭癌mild dysplasia 轻度异生moderate dysplasia 中度异生moderately differentiated 中度分化myeloma 浆细胞: 骨髓瘤multiple myeIoma 多发性骨髓瘤neuroblastoma 神经节细胞: 神经母细胞瘤neuroblastoma 神经母细胞瘤neuron-specific enolase; NSE 神经特异性烯醇node 淋巴结oma 良性肿瘤osteosarcoma 硬骨: 骨肉瘤ova-rian 卵巢癌poorly differentiated 分化不良prostate-specific antigen; PSA 前列腺特异性抗原prostatic acid phosphatase; PAP 前列腺酸性磷酸prostatic csarcinoma 前列腺癌Purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency 嫖吟核苦酸磷酸酸缺乏症renal cell carcinoma 肾脏上皮: 肾细胞癌renaleelI 肾细胞癌rhabdomyosarcoma 横纹肌: 横纹肌肉瘤sarcoma 恶性间叶肿瘤SCID 严重复合免疫缺失症seminoma 生殖细胞: 精细胞瘤severe dysplasia 重度异生squamous cell carcinoma 鳞状上皮: 鳞状细胞癌stage 期别synovial sarcoma 滑膜: 滑膜肉瘤thymic carcinoma 胸腺上皮: 胸腺癌transitional cell carcinoma 泌尿道上皮: 过渡细胞癌tumor marker 临床检验: 含肿瘤标记undifferentiated 未分化well differentiated 分化良好。

肿瘤：tumor neoplasm肉瘤：sarcom恶性：malignancy良性：Benign播散：dissemination; spreading转移：metastasis治疗：therapy诊断：diagnosis临床表现：clinical situation临床分级：clinical scale手术后：post- operation肿大：tumefaction肿胀：tumentia咯血：hemoptysis咳痰：expectoration痰：sputum痰培养：sputum cultivation气短：Breathlessness发热：febrile寒战：chill; rigor; shiver; chills;shivered; shivering胸水：pleural fluid肺炎：①pneumonia②pneumonitis③pulmonitis阻塞性肺炎：obstructive pneumonia呼吸困难：dyspnoea; dyspnea心慌：flustered; panicky胸腔积液：pleural effusion; hydrothorax心包积液：pericardial effusion;hydropericardium渗出物：effusion喘： gasp;to pant; breathe heavly上腹不适：superior belly malaise; upset盗汗：night sweats声音嘶哑：voice; phono-; sound Hoarseness支架：cage;carriage;cradle进食困难：eating difficulty吞咽困难：dysphagia口服：oral良性息肉：benign polyps癌变：carcinomatous房颤：atrial fibrillation发作：attack鼻饲：nasal feeding 嗳气：belch; belching; burping; eructation 搔痒：to tickle; to scratch an itch衰弱：weakness躁动：restlessness口腔溃疡：canker sore; oral ulcer; ulcer of mouth脱发：alopecia; loss of hair; baldness感觉减退：hypoesthesia;hypesthesia疼痛：ache;Aching;Pain全身痛：pantalgia乳腺痛：mastalgia胸痛：chest pain腹痛：abdominal pain②abdominalgia背痛：backache; notalgia; dorsodynia; Dorsalgia腰痛：lumbag胸部压痛：tenderness of chest便秘：constipation大便失禁：encopresis; fecal incontinence；scatacratia尿潴留：urinary retention恶心：nausea呕吐：omitting咖啡样呕吐物：caffee-ground vomit呕血：hematemesis; Vomiting of blood上消化道出血：hemorrhage of upper digestive tract; upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage便血：hematochezia柏油样便：tarry stools腹泻：diarrhoea；diarrhea；diarrhea排尿时里急后重：vesical tenesmus尿失禁：urinary incontinence食欲：appetite恶液质：dyscrasia倦怠：lassitude恶病质： cachecxia cachexy低蛋白血症：hypoproteinemia全身水肿：hyposarca消瘦：emaciation; marasmus; marcor; thinness; tabification贫血：anemia类白血病反应：leukemoid reaction白血病：leukemia白细胞：leucocyte红细胞：erythrocyte血小板：blood platelet; thrombocyte;血红蛋白：ferrohemoglobin白细胞减少：leucocytopenia; leukopenia 血小板减少：thrombocytopenia骨髓抑制bone marrow depression：淋巴结：lymph node胸腺：①thymus②thymus gland锁骨上淋巴结：supraclavicular lymph nodes 锁骨下淋巴结：subclavicular lymph node腋窝淋巴结axillary lymph node耳后淋巴结：posterior auricular lymph node 腹股沟淋巴结：inguinal lymph node;lymph node of groin颈淋巴结：cervical lymph node;jugular lymph node纵隔：mediastina纵隔后淋巴结:posterior mediastinal lymph nodes活组织检查；活体解剖：biopsy淋巴结细针吸活组织检查：fine needle biopsy of lymph node淋巴结细针吸引活组织检查：fine needle aspiration biopsy of lymph node恶性淋巴瘤：burkitt's lymphoma; malignant lymphoma何杰金氏病：malignant lymphogranulomatosis; Hodgkin's disease蕈样霉菌病：mycosis fungoides恶性黑色素瘤：malignant melanoma鼻甲：conchae;Concha nasalis;nasal turbinate; nasoturbinalconcha; turbinate; turbinates鼻甲切除术：conchectomy+病理诊断：pathologic diagnosis喉鳞状细胞癌：aaryngeal squamouscarcinoma食道癌：esophageal cancer小细胞肺癌：SCLC;small cell lung cancer 非小细胞肺癌：NSCLC;non-small cell lung cancer间皮瘤：mesothelioma胸膜：pleura 乳腺癌：mammary cancer ；乳腺Paget病和导管内癌：Paget's disease and intraductal carcinoma of breast乳腺浸润性癌：IBC;invasive breast cancer 乳腺囊肿：galactocele; lactocele乳腺硬癌：mastoscirrhus髓样癌：medullary carcinoma乙型肝炎：hepatitis B肝硬化：cirrhosis of liver肝昏迷：hepatic coma前驱期：prodromal period潜伏期：incubation period; latent period 初期：incipient stage静止期：quiescent stage恢复期：convalescent stage碱性磷酸酶：alkaline phosphatase酸性磷酸酶：acid phosphatase谷草转氨酶：glutamic-oxal(o)acetic transaminase谷丙转氨酶：glutamic-pyruvic transaminase 门静脉高压：portal hypertension慢性胆囊炎：chronic cholecystitis胆管炎：cholangitis胆石症：gallstone胆色素：bile pigments; porphobilin胆囊炎：cholecystitis胆囊脓肿：abscess of gallbladder胆囊囊肿：cyst of gallbladder梗阻性黄疸：obstructive jaundice胰腺癌：pancreatic cancer; pancreatic carcinoma胰岛细胞癌：Islet cell carcinoma胰岛素瘤：insulinoma; insuloma胰头：head of pancreas壶腹周围癌：Bottle belly around cancer粘膜：mucosa腹膜：Peritoneum腹膜后：retroperitoneum脾：spleen〔动〕;lien; lineal腹部穿剌术：Abdominal paracentesis肾：kidney肾结石：calculus of kidney; kidney stone;nephrolithiasis; renal stone;renal calculus肾上腺：suprarenal gland; adrenal gland 膀胱：bladder; cysr-; cysto-; urocyst子宫：metra-;metro-子宫癌：cancer of the womb子宫肌瘤：hysteromyoma; myoma of uterus 子宫体癌（子宫内膜癌）：carcinoma of corpus uteri; carcinoma of endometrium 子宫囊肿：cyst of uterus卵巢囊肿：ovarian cyst子宫不规则出血：metrorrhagia子宫镜;子宫镜检查：metroscop肌瘤：myoma卵巢：oophoro-;ovario-卵巢的：ovarian输卵管：fallopian tube;oviduct;uterine tube附件癌：adnexal carcinoma妇产科学:OB-GYN(obstetric-gynaecolog)；obstertrics-gynecolog(abb. OBGyN)妇科学: gynecology盆腔：pelvic kidney盆腔肿块：Pelvic lump肛门：anus降结肠癌：descending colon carcinoma直肠癌：rectal cancer; pimeloma;carcinoma of rectum大肠癌：前列腺：prostate前列腺肥大：prostatic hyperplasia;prostatauxe动脉瘤：aneurysm脑胶质瘤：brain glioma脑垂体瘤：brain pituitary tumour皮肤：skin; strap; leash; cutis滑膜肉瘤：synovial sarcoma恶性黑色素瘤：malignant melanoma胃镜：gastroscope胃溃疡：gastric ulcer; stomach ulcer泌尿道结石：urinary stone绝经：menopause绝经后期：postmenopause绝经后出血：postmenopausal bleeding雌激素：estrin; estrogen;Estrogens雄激素：androgen雌激素受体：estrin（ estrogen;Estrogens ）receptor孕酮：progesterone; corlutin; flavolutan; fologenon;esterol;gestone;gestormone;g estron;lipo-lutin;sistociclina;syngest erone;proluton;progestone;progesterol; progekan;primolut;pregnenedione芳香化酶抑制剂：arimedex; exemestane;fadrozol; vorozole阳性：positive阴性：negative病理性骨折：pathologic fracture石膏：plaster;gypsum石膏固定术：plaster immobilization病理诊断：pathologic diagnosis病理组织学检查：histopathologicexaminationB超：B-model ultrasound scanningECG心电图：electrocardiogram;（echocardiogram 超声心动图;electrocardiograph 心电描记器,心电图机;）MRI：磁共振成象PSA: Prostate specific antigen前列腺特异抗原免疫功能：immunological function免疫系统：immune system神经系统：nervous system腺癌：adenocarcinoma鳞癌：squamous carcinoma鳞腺癌：adeno-squamous carcinoma未分化癌：undifferentiated carcinoma单纯癌：carcinoma simplex硬癌：inocarcinoma汗腺癌：Sweat gland carcinoma印戒细胞癌：signet-ring cell carcinoma粘液细胞癌：mucilage cell;mucous cell carcinoma类癌：carcinoid甲状腺髓样癌：medullary thyroid carcinoma 大肠癌：large intestine carcinoma白血病：Leukemia急性淋巴细胞白血病：acute lymphoblastic leukemia; ALL慢性粒细胞白血病：chronic myelocytic leukemia; chronic granulocytic leukemia; CML; CGL骨肉瘤：osteosarcoma;osteogenic sarcoma 肾细胞癌：renal cell carcinoma分化：differentiation免疫功能：immunological function死亡率：mortality辅助化疗：adjuvant chemotherapy新辅助化疗：neoadjuvant chemotherapy诱导化疗：induction chemotherapy放射疗法：Radiation; radiation theraphy; radiotherapeutics; radiotherapy生物疗法：biological therapy生物反应调节剂：BRM;biological response modifier(s)中药疗法：the traditional Chinese medicine therapy瘤苗：外周血干细胞移植：方案：pathologic fracture ；spontaneous fracture反应：response副反应：side effectBLM：博来霉素：BleomycinPYM：平阳霉素：Pingyangmycin;Bleomycin A5DDP：顺铂：CisplatinCBP：卡铂：Carboplatin草酸铂：oxaliplatinHCPT：羟基喜树碱：Hydroxycamptothecin CTX：环磷酰胺：Cyclophosphamide5-Fu：氟尿嘧啶：5-FluorouracilFYL：氟铁龙：FortulonFI-207：替加氟：TegafurHCFU：卡莫氟，嘧氟禄：CarmofurIFN：干扰素：InterferonIL-2：白细胞介素-2：Intelukin2MTX：氨甲蝶呤：MethotrexatePDN：强的松：PrednisoneTAM：他莫西芬（三苯氧胺）：Tamoxifen MA：甲地孕酮：Megestrol acetate;Mebace MPA：甲孕酮：Medroxyprogesterone acetate ; Provera; Veramix;MIT：米托蒽醌：Mitoxantrone;Noventrone TAX：紫杉醇：Paclitexal：泰素：Taxol：泰素蒂：Taxotere；DocetaxolVCR：长春新碱：VincristineVLB：长春花碱：VinblastineVDS：长春酰胺：VindesineNVB：诺维本（去甲长春花碱）：Novelbine VP-16：足叶乙甙（依托泊甙）：Etoposide VM-26：威猛（替尼泊甙）：Teniposide ADM：阿霉素：AdriamycinTHP：吡喃阿霉素：THP-adriamycin;PirarubicinEPI：表阿霉素：EpirubicinMMC：丝裂霉素：Mitomycin CCSF：集落刺激因子：colony stimulating factor并发症：complication并发病：complicating diseases流行病：epidemic disease遗传病：inherited disease职业病：occupational disease传染病：infectious disease主诉：chief complaint临床表现：clinical manifestation;clinical situation病史：history; medical history既往史：past history个人史：personal history分娩史：delivery history月经史：menarche初潮：menarche闭经：menopause; menoschesis;amenorrhea; amenia家族史：family history发病机制：pathogenesis; nosogenesis婚姻状况：marital status症状：symptom主要症状：cardinal symptom典型症状：classical symptom伴发症状：concomitant symptom全身症状：constitutional(systemic) symptom间接症状：indirect symptom诱发症状：induced symptom局部症状：local symptom精神症状：mental symptom听诊：auscultation视诊：inspection触诊：palpation叩诊：Percussion谵妄：delirium哮喘：asthma穿孔：perforation溃疡：ulceration坏死：necrosis出汗，大量出汗：diaphoresis; sweating; perspiration;盗汗：night sweat消瘦：emaciation; marasmus; marcor;thinness; tabification. .。