• 49% of employees in business have observed misconduct that, if revealed, would cause their firms to “significantly lose public trust”
– KPMG 2000 Organizational Integrity Survey
对财务信息作出虚假报告导致的错报 • Misappropriation of assets--examples:
– Theft of assets – Fraudulent expenditures
侵占资产导致的错报
Fraudulent financial reporting may be accomplished by:
The Fraud Triangle
Motive
Opportunity
Rationalization
What can be done to help control fraud?
• Clear written policies and procedures • Maintain documentation • Asset security • Internal control system • Tone at the top
– 对与确认、计量、分类或列报有关的会计政策 和会计估计的故意误用。
Misappropriation of assets:
– Embezzling cash, theft of inventory/assets – Causing an entity to pay for goods or services not
Financial Statement Fraud