2018高中英语北师大版选修八练习：unit 22 课下能力提升(三) 含解析

Period Three Lesson 3Natural DisastersⅠ.单词自测1．changeable adj.多变的change n．& v．变化2．irrigation n．灌溉irrigate v．灌溉3．rough adj.艰难的roughly ad v.艰难地4．catastrophe n．巨大的灾难disaster n．灾难(同义词)5．separation n．分离，分开separate adj.单独的，分开的；v t.分开separated adj.分居的6．means n．方法7．construct v t.建造construction n．建造8．slip v i.滑落9．slide v i.滑行10．mountainous adj.多山的mountain n．山脉，山11．flee v t.，v i.逃走fled(过去式)fled(过去分词)12．potential n．可能性，潜在性Ⅱ.短语自测1．result_in导致2．wipe_out消除，摧毁3．recover_from从……中恢复4．get_over克服，恢复5．turn_on攻击6．earn_one's_living谋生7．in_advance提前8．to_some_degree在某种程度上1．The_last_few_years_have_seen environmental disasters on a grand scale，and experts are predicting far worse to come.在过去的几年里，人们已经经历了大规模的环境灾难，专家们预测更为严重的灾难即将来临。

2．Storms have been getting worse everywhere too，with_a_growing_number_of_hurricanes_hitting the US，and Central America.暴风雨愈发四处肆虐，越来越多的飓风袭击美国和美洲中部。

Unit 22课下能力提升(一)Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．What you said was not ________ (relate) to the matter.2．She was looking forward to putting her ideas ________ action.3．We insist that the tour guide ________ (inform) us immediately of any change of the plan.4．The students answered the teacher's questions ________ turn.5．Who did you refer ________ when you said someone was selfish?6．I'm sure your suggestion will contribute to ________ (solve) the problem.7．Tom is ahead ________ his class in Chinese.8．He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn't risk ________ (lose) the good opportunity.Ⅱ.完成句子1．考虑她喜欢看书，你可以买一本书给她作为生日礼物。

________________ in reading, you had better buy her a book as the birthday present.2．没有空气和水人类就不能生存。

Man ____________________________________ without air or water.3．他把杯子弄掉了，杯子摔得粉碎。

He dropped the glass, ______________________________________________.4．开着窗户你就会呼吸到新鲜空气。

课下主题训练人与环境、人与动植物课时练(一)一、主题语基拓展练(一)主题词汇盘查(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)①pollution□②radiation□③rubbish □④litter □⑤damage □⑥smelly □⑦disappearance □⑧destruction □⑨environment □⑩expectation □⑪endangered □⑫forbid □⑬protect □⑭punish □⑮severe □⑯surroundings □⑰emission □⑱haze □⑲noisy □⑳consume □(二)主题词汇训练Ⅰ.选词填空1．Waste water from the factory is the main cause of the pollution (pollute)．2．The disappearance (disappear) of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents.3．It will cause the destruction (destroy) of our seas and oceans.4．Please give him lots of love instead of high expectations (expect); otherwise he will be loaded with great pressure.5．He's devoted his whole life to the protection (protect) of the rare animals.6．A good judge will try to make the punishment (punish) fit the crime.7．Everyone should realize the importance of wildlife protection, because some animals are endangered (endanger)．8．The soldier who disobeyed the commander has been severely (severe) punished.Ⅱ.写出下列句中加蓝词的汉语意思1．The news of the radiation leak caused widespread public alarm. 辐射2．Don't leave any rubbish, and don't forget that the ecology of Antarctica is very delicate. 垃圾3．Our teacher told us not to drop litter carelessly anywhere. 垃圾4．Once the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover. 损害5．The once beautiful rivers have turned into smelly and dirty dustbins. 难闻的6．Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment where they live. 环境7．Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning.禁止8．Some insects take on the color of their surroundings to protect themselves. 环境9．Some of the most efficient refrigerators consume70 percent less electricity than traditional models. 消耗10．The emission of gases such as carbon dioxide should be stabilised at their present level. 排放二、主题语篇押题练Ⅰ.阅读理解More and more rare species are being threatened by tourism on the Galapagos Islands. Among them are lizards (蜥蜴), birds and other animals that live on the islands. Most of them are killed by the growing number of cars and buses that cross the highlands. Especially finches (雀类), birds that helped Charles Darwin prove the theory of evolution, are in danger of dying out completely.The Galapagos, volcanic islands in the Pacific, about a thousand kilometers off the coast of Ecuador, represent a whole ecosystem with animals and plants that cannot be found elsewhere on Earth. UNESCO made the islands a World Heritage Site.However, the islands are being ruined by environmental changes. Coastlines and harbors show signs of oily water as boatloads of tourists arrive there.Towns have hotels that are only half-finished.The Galapagos Islands have witnessed an economic boom over the past years. About 40,000 people live in the richest place in Ecuador, where wages are almost 70% higher than the wages in most of the country. Although Ecuadorian authorities restrict immigration to the islands, many go there in search of a new life. With them arrive new species of ants and insects. They also bring along dogs, cats, rats and other animals that destroy the natural ecosystem of the islands.What started out as ecotourism with only a few thousand people visiting the Galapagos Islands every year has turned into mass tourism. Today almost 200,000 tourists come to the islands annually. However, they are not so much interested in biology or wildlife but in spending a nice vacation.The fight to save the endangered islands has long been underway. Even though the Galapagos Islands are being helped with money from environmental organizations, local people do not always know how to use it. The government has also realized that they need to protect the islands, because tourism is a big source of income to the poor Latin Americancountry.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。

Unit22课下能力提升(一)Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Whatyousaidwasnot________(relate)tothematter.2．Shewaslookingforwardtoputtingherideas________action.3．Weinsistthatthetourguide________(inform)usimmediatelyofanychangeoftheplan.4．Thestudentsansweredtheteacher'squestions________turn.5．Whodidyourefer________whenyousaidsomeonewasselfish?6．I'msureyoursuggestionwillcontributeto________(solve)theproblem.7．Tomisahead________hisclassinChinese.8．Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview, forhecouldn'trisk________(lose)thegoodopportunity.Ⅱ.完成句子1．考虑她喜欢看书，你可以买一本书给她作为生日礼物。

________________inreading, youhadbetterbuyherabookasthebirthdaypresent.2．没有空气和水人类就不能生存。

Man ____________________________________withoutairorwater.3．他把杯子弄掉了，杯子摔得粉碎。

Hedroppedtheglass, ______________________________________________.4．开着窗户你就会呼吸到新鲜空气。

_________________________________andyou'llbreatheinfreshair.5．这个问题看起来太难了我们解决不了。

Ⅰ.根据首字母及英文释义写出单词1．quilt:_a thick warm cover on a bed2．warehouse:_a place where goods are stored3．considerate:_thoughtful towards other people4．tusk:_teeth of an elephant5．allocate:_to assign for a particular purpose6．fragile:_able to be broken easily7．evolution:_a gradual development, esp. to a more complex form8．mature:_ fully developed or fully grownⅡ.根据词性及汉语意思写出单词1．plug v t. 塞住2．adopt v t.采用，采取；收养→adoption n．采用，采纳，收养→adapt v t.改编，改写(形近词)3．finance n．资金→financial adj.财政(上)的，金融的4．politics n．政治(活动)→political adj.政治的→politician n．政治家5．sharpen v t.削尖→sharpener n．卷笔刀→sharp adj.尖的；锋利的6．carve v t. &v i.雕刻；刻→carving n．[C]雕刻品， [U]雕刻术→carver n．雕刻师7．calculate v t.计算，算出→calculation n．计算→calculator n．计算器Ⅲ.补全短语1．plug one's ears 塞住耳朵2．all the best 祝一切顺利3．as a matter of fact 实际上4．break away from 摆脱，脱离(团体、组织、某种思想体系)5．sum up 总结，概括6. as a result 结果7．deal with处理，应付8．be similar to与……相似9. give up 放弃10. work out想出，制定出，算出1．As a matter of fact, average urban noise pollution levels have decreased by 3 decibels since 1989.事实上，自从1989年以来城市的平均噪音污染水平已降低了3分贝。

Unit 22课下能力提升(三)Ⅰ.选词填空plug one's ears, sum up, break away from, as a matter of fact, in one's spare time, be optimistic about1．The thief ________________ the policeman and ran away.2．He often chats with his friends on the Internet ________________.3．Nevertheless, we still have grounds to ____________ the future.4．We can ________________ the main points of the lesson in three sentences.5．________________，I've never been there before.6．The noise was so loud and annoying that I ________________________.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Tickets are limited and will be allocated for those who apply first.____________2．We firmly believe that war never settles anything. It only results from violence.____________3．The earthquake carried on thousands of people's lives.____________4．It was very considerate for you to let us know you were going to be late.____________ Ⅲ.完成句子1．这本书仅仅是为孩子改编的。

SectionⅡLesson2EndangeredSpecies课后篇巩固探究一、写作词汇检测完成下列小对话。

1.—Have all the students gone to the playground?—(除了) Lucy,for her leg was hurt.答案:Apart from2.—What did the teacher tell you just now?—He told me to (抓住) the good opportunity.答案:seize3.—Could you tell me who (夺走) the biggest prize?—A boy from a small village.答案:carried off4.—What do you think of this ceremony?—(总的来说),it is a great success.答案:All in all二、阅读词汇检测完成下列小短文,写出画线部分的汉语意思。

All in all 1.,some animals in the world are in danger.Some people call for an end to 2.destroying the forests.They say that it is human beings that carry off 3.the animals’ homes.We should take some measures,or else 4. our actions are to be answered for 5. some day.答案:1.总的来说 2.要求结束 3.夺走 4.否则 5.(对已产生的不良后果)负责任三、用方框内短语的适当形式填空1.It’s a good composition, a few spelling mistakes.答案:apart from2.Our general manager can’t be here today,so I’m speaking.答案:on his behalf3.Their coach must the team’s poor performance.答案:answer for4.We will work for our motherland .答案:for good5.Hurry up, we’ll miss the train.答案:or else6.Let’s the discussion.答案:wrap up7.,it had been one of the most miserable days of Henry’s life.答案:All in all8.Everyone in the country the war;they wanted to live a peaceful life.答案:called for an end to四、阅读理解导学号16924001(2016~2017黑龙江双鸭山一中高二检测)At one time,computers were expected largely to remove the need for paper copies of documents because they could be stored electronically.But for all the texts that are written,stored and sent electronically,a lot of them are still ending up on paper.It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of the use of Internet-connected computers,although just about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when email is introduced,the printers start working overtime.“I feel in my bones this revolution is causing more trees to be cut down,” says Ted Smith of the Earth Village Organization.Perhaps the best sign of how computer and Internet use pushes up demand for paper comes from the high-tech industry itself,which sees printing as one of its most promising new markets.Several Internet companies have been set up to help small businesses print quality documents from a computer.Earlier this week Hewlett-Packard Co.announced a plan to develop new technologies that will enable people to print even more so they can get a hard copy of a business document,a medical record or just an online email,even if they are nowhere near a computer.As the company sees it,the more use of the Internet the greater demand for printers.Does all this mean environmental concerns have been forgotten?Some activists suggest people have been led to believe that a lot of dangers to the environment have gone away.“I guess people believe that the problem is taken care of,because of recycling,” said Kelly Quirke,director of the Rainforest Action Network in San Francisco.Yet Quirke is hopeful that high-tech may also prove helpful.He says printers that print on both sides are growing in popularity.The action group has also found acceptable paper made from materials other than wood,such as agricultural waste.1.The underlined phrase means .A.having a pain in my boneB.foreseeing somethingC.feeling something terribleD.overhearing something答案:B解析:词义猜测题。

Unit 22 课时跟踪练(五) Communication Workshop一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高Ⅰ.单词拼写1．The government adopted (采纳) the idea that the woods should be protected.2．If you learn to be considerate (想得周到的) to others, you will gain respect.3．The government has decided to allocate (把……拨给……) funds for new projects.4．He plugged (塞住) the hole in the pipe with an old rag.5．When the peaches are mature (成熟), they taste sweet.6．Glasses are fragile (易毁的) and must be handled with great care.7．Those quilts (被子) don't give you much protection against the cold.8．In the course of evolution (进化), some birds have lost the power of flight.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Please allocate the food between all those in need.between→among2．We firmly believe that war never settles anything. It only results from violence.from→in 3．The earthquake carried on thousands of people's lives._on→off4．I had to call for the end to the game when it suddenly rained. 第一个the→an5．It was very considerate for you to let us know you were going to be late.for→ofⅢ.选词填空The thief broke_away_from the policeman and ran away.2．Nevertheless, we still have grounds to be_optimistic_about the future.3．We can sum_up the main points of the lesson in three sentences.4．Also, you can come and have lessons here in_your_spare_time.5．The noise was so loud and annoying that I plugged_my_ears.6．As_a_matter_of_fact,_I've never been there before.7．I wish you all_the_best in your college years.8．My shoes are_similar_to the ones you had on yesterday.Ⅳ.串点成篇微表达一切考虑在内后(take sth. into consideration)，经理采用了(adopt)一种新的方法(means)给店员分配(allocate)工作。

姓名，年级：时间：Section_ⅢLesson_2_&_Lesson_3_—_Pre。

reading_［原文呈现]Nature is turning on usThe last few years have seen① environmental disasters on a grand② scale③， and experts are predicting far worse to come。

Jin Li reports on our Earth’s changeable④weather patterns。

AIn the last decade，thunderstorms⑤， floods, earthquakes，typhoons⑥, volcanic eruptions⑦，tsunamis⑧ and forest fires have become increasingly⑨ common。

There has been terrible flooding in Asia， Africa, America and Oceania. （1)________ Storms have been getting worse everywhere too, with a growing number of hurricanes hitting⑩ the US， and Central America。

Reduced rainfall⑪ has affected large areas of Africa for years leaving irrigation⑫canals dry and many other zones are becoming drier。

（2)________ A number of⑬ nations have already been in armed⑭ conflict⑮ over water，and reduced rainfall in the west of the US has resulted in⑯ huge forest fires。

Unit 22 Environmental Protection课下能力提升（一）Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．What you said was not relevant (relate) to thematter.2．She was looking forward to putting her ideas intoaction.3．We insist that the tour guide (should) inform(inform) us immediately of any change of the plan.4．All theories originate from practice and in turnserve practice.5．Who did you refer to when you said someone wasselfish?6．I'm sure your suggestion will contribute tosolving (solve) the problem.7．Thanks to your help, we accomplished the taskahead of schedule.8．In that way, it might be possible to predict whichpatients are at risk.Ⅱ.完成句子1．考虑她喜欢看书，你可以买一本书给她作为生日礼物。

Given her interest in reading, you had better buyher a book as the birthday present.2．没有空气和水人类就不能生存。

Man couldn't live without air or water.3．他把杯子弄掉了，杯子摔得粉碎。

He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces.4．开着窗户你就会呼吸到新鲜空气。

Unit22课下能力提升(二)Ⅰ.选词填空apartfrom, earnone'sliving, resultin, orelse, forgood, wrap...up, allinall, carryon, onsb.'sbehalf, callforanendto...1．Thepoorboyhadto____________bybegging.2．Stressandtiredness____________alackofconcentration.3．____________， itwasagreatsuccessinthefilmindustry.4．Iexpectthatourfriendshipwilllast____________.5．Don'tgotoanytrouble____________.6．She____________it____________asquicklyaspossible.7．Youmuststudyhard, ____________youwillfailintheexam.8．Theteamleader____________thematch.9．It'simpossibleto____________aconversationwithallthesenoisesgoingonoutsidethehouse.10．It'sagoodcomposition, ____________afewspellingmistakes.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Don'talwayseathamburgersandelseyou'llgetfat.____________2．Hewillgiveupsmokingforwell.____________3．Ihadtocallfortheendtothegamewhenitsuddenlyrained.____________4．Hehashisfaults, but, inall, heishonest.____________Ⅲ.完成句子1．如果你坚持那样，你要对后果负责。

Lesson2EndangeredSpecies一、单词拼写1Have you confirmed it came from the (大陆)?2Please hang your coat up on the h.3It is a pity that he failed to s the good chance.4The little boy likes playing with a little (乌龟).5On b of the department I would like to thank you all.二、短语填空a number of apart from answer for all inall or elsecarry off for good call for on behalf ofwrap up1busy homework,the children also have to take arts,music and sports classes in their free time.2The bus driver should the safety of the passengers.3Stop making so much noise,the neighbours will start complaining.4people ran into the hall and wanted to see what had happened there.5The textbook has some shortcomings,but I consider it a success.6I am writing to you my father to express his great thanks for your help.7Let’s the meeting before 5 o’clock.8We thought she’d come for a visit,but it seems she’s staying .9More work doesn’t necessarily more men.10It is against the law to women and children in our country.三、根据所给汉语提示用恰当的短语完成句子。

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素能提升演练(二十二)选修8 Unit 22Ⅰ.选词填空（注意用正确形式）a number of, apart from，on one’s behalf, or else， answer for, wrap up， carry off, for good, all in all， lead to1、 ______， most visitors enjoyed the trip、2、 We will love our motherland ______、3、 The mine accident ______ more than 100 men’s lives、4、 There are ______ birds and animals in the world、5、 Hard work ______ success and failure often lies in laziness、6、Our general manager can’t be here today, so I’m speaking ______、7、 Hurry up, ______ you will be late、8、 The driver should ______ the safety of the passengers、9、 They are to ______ the talks next Saturday、10、 He is a good teacher ______ his bad temper、Ⅱ、句型转换1、 I stood at the school gate and waited for my lovely baby、（转换为分词作状语句式）I stood at the school gate, ________________________、2、 The flowers which smell sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature、 (转换为分词作定语的句式)The flowers ____________ in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature、3、 Mr、 Brown seems not to come again、（转换为it作形式主语的句式）__________ Mr、 Brown will not come again、4、 If it is necessary, we shall send a telegram home、（转换为省略句式）__________ , we shall send a telegram home、5、 Mr、 Smith is a friend as well as a teacher to us、 (用not only、、、 but (also）改写句子）Mr、 Smith is _____________ a friend to us、Ⅲ.单项填空1、 [2012合肥模拟］Global warming ______ an average increase in the Earth's temperature that， in turn， leads to climate change、A、 appeals toB、 occurs toC、 refers toD、 belongs to2、 Reduced rainfall has affected large areas of Africa for years， ______ irrigation canals dry and many other zones are becoming drier、A、 leavingB、 to leaveC、 leftD、having left3、 A number of nations have already been in armed conflict over water， and reduced rainfall in the west of the US has ______ huge forest fires、A、 resulted fromB、 resulted inC、 dealt withD、 lain in4、 [2012泉州模拟]-Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday?-Yes、 ______ , I’m going to visit some homes for the old in the city、A、 If everB、 If busyC、 If anythingD、 If possible5.—Hello， this is Downs Hotel、 Can I help you？—Yes, I’d like to ______ a table for five for dinner this evening、A.remove B。

Unit 22 Environmental Protection 课下能力提升（三）Ⅰ.选词填空The thief broke away from the policeman and ran away.2．He often chats with his friends on the Internet in his spare time.3．Nevertheless, we still have grounds to be optimistic about the future.4．We can sum up the main points of the lesson in three sentences.5．As a matter of fact, I've never been there before.6．The noise was so loud and annoying that I plugged my ears.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Tickets are limited and will be allocated for those who apply first.for→to 2．I'm going to deliver a speech about what to deal with troubles.what→how 或deal→do3．His father has given up smoking.It has been three years before he smoked.before→since4．It was very considerate for you to let us know you were going to be late.for→of Ⅲ.完成句子1．这本书仅仅是为孩子改编的。

The book is adapted for children only.2．除了等我们别无选择。

SectionⅢLesson3NaturalDisasters课后篇巩固探究一、写作词汇检测完成下列小对话或语篇。

1.—How is the weather in the city you are living?—It is (多变的).答案:changeable2.—What are the villagers talking about now?—The (灌溉) this year.答案:irrigation3.—Why have the parents sent their children to that country?—They hoped to (武装) their children with more knowledge.答案:arm4.—How was it that they got to that land?—By (方法) of some ships.答案:means5.They lived in a (多山的) area.There were often some (巨大的灾难).Once,the (雷雨) destroyed their houses,(导致) many deaths.Some of them had to (逃走) to another ter they returned and spent much money (建造) some new houses using (黏土) and (砖块).答案:mountainous;catastrophe;thunderstorm;resulting in;fled;constructing;clay;bricks二、阅读词汇检测写出画线部分的汉语意思。

When the typhoon 1.arrived,the villagers were busy constructing 2.some houses.Some of them earned their living 3.by means 4.of this work.Some rocks rolled 5. from the mountain.Many of them suffered the separation 6. from their family,for some of them were killed in the typhoon and others had to flee 7..答案:1.台风 2.建造 3.谋生 4.方式 5.滚动 6.分离7.逃走三、完成句子1.哈里对这个问题的解决办法是列出所有的利弊得失。