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基础英语 – 单词11. fume: smoke or vapour; offensive or suffocating gas2. sandy: of the colour of sand; pale reddish-yellow3. somehow: for some reason or other4. stale: dry and unappetizing5. dingy: dirty-looking; not fresh or cheerful6. proceed: go ahead7. bloodshot: full of blood; red because the small blood vessels are swollen or broken8. dismayed: made afraid or discouraged at the prospect of trouble 1. sip: drink in small quantities2. hiccup: a slight irregularity, error or malfunction3. frugal: characterized by or reflecting economy in the use of resources4. gloat: gaze at or think about something with great self-satisfaction, gratification, or joy5. niceties: questions and remarks made for the sake of politeness6. prenuptial: made or occurring before marriage7. bloodcurdling: arousing fright or horror8. clutch: grasp or hold with or as if with the hand or claws usually strongly, tightly, or suddenly1. will: the legal statement concerning the diaposal of one ’s property after death2. signature: person ’s name written by himself3. literary: of literature4. supposition: a guess5. playwright: dramatist, a person who writes plays6. vague: not clearly known7. confirm: prove the truth of something 8. verse: poetry1. complexion: natural colour of the skin, especially of the face2. foreboding: a feeling of coming troubles3. terminal: the station at the end of the Chunnel4. rift: breach, split, disagreement5. snakes: winds its way;moves in a curving manner6. screeches: makes a harsh, piercing sound 1. pose as: pretend to be 2. pest: an annoying thing3. suspense and anxiety: state of being anxious and uncertain about something unknown4. fidgeting: moving about restlessly5. assure: make somebody believe, feel sure6. apace: quickly7. inquisitive chatterbox: a person who is curious about other people and talkative 8. obstinacy and wilfulness: stubbornness and pig-headedness9. escapism: that which makes one stay away from unpleasant reality 10. justify: give a good reason for1. shelter: protection; a building offering protection2. dust-jacket: a loose paper cover put round the hard cover of a book for protection3. become engrossed: have one ’s attention completely taken up by4. content: satisfaction5. browse: read here and there in books especially for enjoyment6. variety: collection of different kinds of things7. apart from: besides8. tempt: attract。
Unit 1 恰到好处Have you ever watched a clumsy man hammering a nail into a box? He hits it first to one side, then to another, perhaps knocking it over completely, so that in the end he only gets half of it into the wood. A skillful carpenter, on the other hand, will drive the nail with a few firm, deft blows, hitting it each time squarely on the head. So with language; the good craftsman will choose words that drive home his point firmly and exactly. A word that is more or less right, a loose phrase, an ambiguous expression, a vague adjective （模糊的形容词）, will not satisfy a writer who aims at clean English. He will try always to get the word that is completely right for his purpose.你见过一个笨手笨脚的男人往箱子上钉钉子吗？只见他左敲敲，右敲敲，说不准还会将整个钉子锤翻，结果敲来敲去到头来只敲进了半截。
而娴熟的木匠就不这么干。
他每敲一下都会坚实巧妙地正对着钉头落下去，一钉到底。
语言也是如此。
一位优秀的艺术家谴词造句上力求准确而有力地表达自己的观点。
A Winter to Remember难忘的冬天Robert Best罗伯特.贝斯特①According to the weather men last winter was one of the worst in living memory.①气象员说，去年冬天是记忆中最冷的一个冬天。
①We live in the depths of the country, and my whole family agree that it was certainly a winter we shall never forget. ②Snow began to fall at round about thebeginning of the New Year and①我们生活在偏远地区；我们全家人都认为去年冬天肯定是我们永远无法忘记的。
②雪在年初开始下，断断续续下了十来天。
①At first we were all thrilled to see it.②It fell silently and relentlessly in large soft flakes until every ugly patch and corner of our rather rambling garden was smoothed over and had become a spotless white canopy.③The children soon spoiltleaving their footprints all over it.④Hungryon its surface.⑤It was now, when the garden was all churned up and of a dirty grey colour, that a severe frost set in, hardening the snow into ugly lumps of grimy concrete.⑥For the next three months the whole countryside lay in a grip of iron.①看见这样的情形，我们一开始都很兴奋。
Unit 1 PersonalityIn-Class Reading羞怯的痛苦1 对许多人来说，羞怯是很多不愉快的起因。
各种各样的人——矮的、高的、愚笨的、聪明的、年轻的、年老的、瘦的、胖的——都说自己是羞怯的。
羞怯的人会焦虑不安，感到不自然；也就是说，他们过分地关注自己的外表和举止。
脑海中不断盘旋着一些使自己不安的想法：我给人留下的是什么印象？他们喜欢我吗？我讲话是不是傻里傻气？我长得难看。
我穿的衣服毫不引人注目。
2 很显然这种不安的感觉会对人产生不利的影响。
一个人的自我看法反映在自己的行为方式之中，而一个人的行为方式又影响他人的反应。
通常，人们如何看待自己对他们生活的各个方面都会产生深刻的影响。
例如，具有积极的自我价值观或很强自尊心的人往往表现出自信。
而由于自信，他们不需要他人不断地称赞和鼓励，也能使自己感觉良好。
自信者热情、自发地投入生活。
他们不因别人认为他们“该”做什么而受到影响。
有很强自尊心的人不会被批评所伤害；他们不会把批评看作是人身攻击。
相反，他们认为批评是一种提醒他们改进的建议。
3 相比之下，羞怯的人自尊心较弱，往往消极被动并且容易受他人影响。
他们（是否）在做“该做的事情”需要得到别人的肯定。
害羞的人对批评非常敏感；他们觉得批评正好证实了他们比别人差。
他们也很难因别人的赞美而高兴，因为他们相信自己不值得称赞。
羞怯的人也许会用这样的话来回答别人的赞美之辞：“你这么说只是为了让我感觉好一些。
我知道这不是真的。
”显然，尽管自我意识是一种健康的品质，过分的自我意识却是不利和有害的。
4能否彻底消除或者至少减轻羞怯感呢？幸运的是，人们能够通过坚持不懈的努力建立自信从而克服羞怯。
由于胆怯和缺少自尊是密切相关的，因此正视自己的弱点和正视自己的优点一样重要。
例如，大多数人希望每门功课都得A。
5 如果仅仅因为在某些领域有困难，就把自己列为差生，这不恰如其分。
人们对自己的期望必须现实。
老是想那些不可能的事情会令自己觉得无能，甚至产生嫉妒。
第1单元避免两词铭记两词在生活中,没有什么比顿悟更令人激动和兴奋,它可以变化一种人——不但仅是变化,并且变得更好。
固然,这种顿悟是很罕见,但依然可以发生在我们所有人身上。
它有时来自一本书,一种说教或一行诗歌,有时也来自一种朋友。
在曼哈顿一种寒冷冬天下午,我坐在一种法国小餐馆,倍感失落和压抑。
由于几次误算,在我生命中一种至关重要项目就这样落空了。
就由于这样,甚至连盼望看到一种老朋友(我经常私下亲切想到一种老人)情形都不像此前那样令我兴奋。
我坐在桌边,皱起眉头看着色彩多样桌布,苏醒嚼着苦涩食物。
她穿过街道,裹着旧棉袄,一顶帽子从光头打下来,看上去不像是一种有名精神病医生,倒像是一种精力充沛侏儒。
她办公室在附近处处均有,我懂得她刚刚离开她最后一种病人。
她接近80岁,但依然扛着一种装着满满文献公文包,工作起来依然像一种大公司主管,无论何时有空,她都依然爱去高尔夫球场。
当她走过来坐我旁边时,服务员早已把她总是要喝啤酒端了过来,我已经几种月没有见她了,但她似乎还是老样子。
没有任何寒暄,她就问我“怎么了,年轻人?”我已经不再对她样子感到奇怪,因此我详细地把烦恼告诉她。
带着一丝忧伤自豪。
我尽量说出实情,除了我自己,我并没有由于失望而责怪任何人。
我分析了整件事情,但所有负面评价以及错误依然继续。
我讲了约有十五分钟,这期间老人只是默默喝着啤酒。
我讲完后,她取下眼镜说:“到我办公室去。
”“到你办公室?你忘了带什么了吗?”她和蔼说“不是,我想看看你对某些事情反映,仅此而已。
”外面开始下起小雨,但她办公室很温暖,舒服,亲切:放满书书架靠着墙壁,长皮沙发,弗洛伊德亲笔签名照,尚有墙边放着录音笔。
她秘书回家了,只有我们在那里。
老人从纸盒里拿出一盘磁带放进录音笔,然后说:“这里有到我这来求助三个人简朴录音,固然,这没有阐明详细是哪三个人。
我想让你听听,看你与否能找出双字词短语,这里是在三个案例中共有。
”她笑道:“不要这样困扰,我有我目。
A FABLE FOR TOMORROWRachel Carson当前语速:英音150词/分钟美音130词/分钟There was once a town in the heart of America where all life seemed to live in harmony with its surroundings. The town lay in the midst of a checkerboard of prosperous farms, with fields of grain and hillsides of orchards where, in spring, white clouds of bloom drifted above the green fields. In autumn, oak and maple and birch set up a blaze of color that flamed and flickered across a backdrop（背景）of pines. Then foxes barked in the hills anddeer silently crossed the fields, half hidden in the mists of the fall mornings.从前在美国中心有一个小镇，那里的万物看上去都与其四周的环境融洽相处。
小镇的四周是像棋盘交错的兴旺的农庄，还有一块块的田地和一座座遍布山坡的果园。
春天来了，白色的鲜花云彩般地漂浮在绿色的田野上；秋天到了，橡树、枫树和桦树色彩斑斓，在一片松树林间火焰般地燃烧与跳跃。
小山上狐狸吠叫，田野间小鹿静静地跃过，所有的一切都在秋天清晨的薄雾中半隐半现。
Along the roads, laurel, viburnum and alder, great ferns and wildflowers delighted the traveler's eye through much of the year. Even in winter the roadsides were places of beauty, where countless birds came to feed on the berries and on the seed heads of the dried weeds rising above the snow. The countryside was, in fact, famous for the abundance and variety of its bird life, and when the flood of migrants was pouring through in spring and fall people traveled from great distances to observe them. Others came to fish the streams, which flowed clear and cold out of the hills and contained shady pools where trout lay. So it had been from the days many years ago when the first settlers raised theirhouses, sank their wells, and built their barns.在路的两旁，一年中许多时候，月桂树、荚莲、桤木、蕨类植物和各样的野花都能让过往的行人赏心悦目。
Unit 1 The way to success *Paragraph 7-8 Page 5* Many people simply say that they want something, but they do not expand the substantial effort, required to achieve it. Many people let the threat of failure stop them from trying with all of their heart. The secret of success is based upon a burning inward desire - a robust, fierce will and focus - that fuels the determination to act, to keep preparing, to keep going even when we are tired and fail. As a wise saying goes:”It’s not how many times you fail down that matters.It’s how many times you get back up that makes success!”许多人只是说他们想要什么，但他们并没有扩大实质性的努力。
许多人让失败的威胁阻止了他们全身心的尝试。
成功的秘诀是建立在燃烧的内在欲望的基础上——一种坚定的、强烈的意志和专注，它能激发我们行动的决心，使我们做好准备，即使在我们疲倦和失败的时候也能坚持下去。
常言道：“重要的不是你失败了多少次，而是你成功了多少次。
！“Focus on becoming more knowledgeable. Focus on gradual, consistent progress. Maintain the strong will to keep going - even when you are tired and want to slack or the odds seem too large. “Keep your eyes on the prize!””Where there’s a will, there’s a way!”With thehard work, determination, dedication and preparation, you can transcend any handicap, accomplish any feat, and achieve success!专注于变得更有见识。
《全新版大学英语》（综合教程）第三册Text A课文翻译（Unit 1-8）第一单元生活方式的改变课文A在美国，不少人对乡村生活怀有浪漫的情感。
许多居住在城镇的人梦想着自己办个农场，梦想着靠土地为生。
很少有人真去把梦想变为现实。
或许这也没有什么不好，因为，正如吉姆·多尔蒂当初开始其写作和农场经营双重生涯时所体验到的那样，农耕生活远非轻松自在。
但他写道，自己并不后悔，对自己作出的改变生活方式的决定仍热情不减。
多尔蒂先生创建自己的理想生活售姆·多尔蒂有两件事是我一直想做的——写作与务农。
如今我同时做着这两件事。
作为作家，我和E·B·怀特不属同一等级，作为农场主，我和乡邻也不是同一类人，不过我应付得还行。
在城市以及郊区历经多年的怅惘失望之后，我和妻子桑迪终于在这里的乡村寻觅到心灵的满足。
这是一种自力更生的生活。
我们食用的果蔬几乎都是自己种的。
自家饲养的鸡提供鸡蛋，每星期还能剩余几十个出售。
自家养殖的蜜蜂提供蜂蜜，我们还自己动手砍柴，足可供过冬取暖之用。
这也是一种令人满足的生活。
夏日里我们在河上荡舟，在林子里野餐，骑着自行车长时间漫游。
冬日里我们滑雪溜冰。
我们为落日的余辉而激动。
我们爱闻大地回暖的气息，爱听牛群哞叫。
我们守着看鹰儿飞过上空，看玉米田间鹿群嬉跃。
但如此美妙的生活有时会变得相当艰苦。
就在三个月前，气温降到华氏零下30度，我们辛苦劳作了整整两天，用一个雪橇沿着河边拖运木柴。
再过三个月，气温会升到95度，我们就要给玉米松土，在草莓地除草，还要宰杀家禽。
前一阵子我和桑迪不得不翻修后屋顶。
过些时候，四个孩子中的两个小的，16岁的吉米和13岁的埃米莉，会帮着我一起把拖了很久没修的室外厕所修葺一下，那是专为室外干活修建的。
这个月晚些时候，我们要给果树喷洒药水，要油漆谷仓，要给菜园播种，要赶在新的小鸡运到之前清扫鸡舍。
在这些活计之间，我每周要抽空花五、六十个小时，不是打字撰文，就是为作为自由撰稿人投给报刊的文章进行采访。
《全新版大学英语》（综合教程）第三册Text A课文翻译（Unit 1-8）第一单元生活方式的改变课文A在美国，不少人对乡村生活怀有浪漫的情感。
许多居住在城镇的人梦想着自己办个农场，梦想着靠土地为生。
很少有人真去把梦想变为现实。
或许这也没有什么不好，因为，正如吉姆·多尔蒂当初开始其写作和农场经营双重生涯时所体验到的那样，农耕生活远非轻松自在。
但他写道，自己并不后悔，对自己作出的改变生活方式的决定仍热情不减。
多尔蒂先生创建自己的理想生活售姆·多尔蒂有两件事是我一直想做的——写作与务农。
如今我同时做着这两件事。
作为作家，我和E·B·怀特不属同一等级，作为农场主，我和乡邻也不是同一类人，不过我应付得还行。
在城市以及郊区历经多年的怅惘失望之后，我和妻子桑迪终于在这里的乡村寻觅到心灵的满足。
这是一种自力更生的生活。
我们食用的果蔬几乎都是自己种的。
自家饲养的鸡提供鸡蛋，每星期还能剩余几十个出售。
自家养殖的蜜蜂提供蜂蜜，我们还自己动手砍柴，足可供过冬取暖之用。
这也是一种令人满足的生活。
夏日里我们在河上荡舟，在林子里野餐，骑着自行车长时间漫游。
冬日里我们滑雪溜冰。
我们为落日的余辉而激动。
我们爱闻大地回暖的气息，爱听牛群哞叫。
我们守着看鹰儿飞过上空，看玉米田间鹿群嬉跃。
但如此美妙的生活有时会变得相当艰苦。
就在三个月前，气温降到华氏零下30度，我们辛苦劳作了整整两天，用一个雪橇沿着河边拖运木柴。
再过三个月，气温会升到95度，我们就要给玉米松土，在草莓地除草，还要宰杀家禽。
前一阵子我和桑迪不得不翻修后屋顶。
过些时候，四个孩子中的两个小的，16岁的吉米和13岁的埃米莉，会帮着我一起把拖了很久没修的室外厕所修葺一下，那是专为室外干活修建的。
这个月晚些时候，我们要给果树喷洒药水，要油漆谷仓，要给菜园播种，要赶在新的小鸡运到之前清扫鸡舍。
在这些活计之间，我每周要抽空花五、六十个小时，不是打字撰文，就是为作为自由撰稿人投给报刊的文章进行采访。
Unit11 Shyness can vary from feeling mild discomfort to high levels of anxiety (从感觉轻微的不适到高度的焦虑) that impact us in almost everything we do.2 Despite his stubbornness, he knew in his heart that he should avoid arousing any suspicions(避免引起任何怀疑).3 It will be interpreted as criticism no matter what you say .(成批评，无论你说什么).4 Let’s not allow ourselves to be upset by trifles (让我们不要为小事情烦心) (which) we should ignore and forget.5 Too much time spent dwelling on the past (花太多的时间老是想着过去) can get in the way ofenjoying life as it happens.6 People who believe they can accomplish goals and solve problems (相信自己能够完成目标并解决问题的人) are more likely to do well in school.Unit 31.Because of an emergency, the doctor will not be available for several hours.(由于紧急情况，这个医生几小时内都没有空)2.How will taxes affect people with low incomes?（税收将会如何影响低收入的人？）3.My mother always told me that in the long run I would be glad I didn’t give up practicing the piano.（我母亲总是告诉我，从长远来看我会很高兴我没有放弃练钢琴）4.These books range in price from $10 to $20.（这些书的价格从10美元到20美元不等）5. It seems to me that you don’t have much choice.（在我看来你没有什么选择）6. Given their inexperience, they have done quite a good job.（考虑到他们缺乏经验，这工作他们已做的相当不错了）7. For such a big house the price is fairly low, but you’ve got to take into consideration the money you will spend on maintenance and repairs.（对这么一幢大房子来说这价格相当便宜，但你得考虑维修费用）8. Can we begin with discussing questions arising from the last meeting?（我们能否从讨论上次会议产生的问题开始？）Unit 41. I used to enjoy/like photographers,（我过去喜欢摄影）but I now have no time to pursue any hobbies.2. There is no sure way to tell (没有一种可确信的方式来预测)who will develop asthma and who won’t.3. Today neurobiologists no longer argue about whether or not the brain can grow new cells.（大脑是否能生成新细胞）4. I don’t love acting as much as I once did（像以前那样）, said Angelina Jolie.5.If you don’t define your goal ,you don’t know in which direction you should heading.（你应该向哪个方向前进）6.While you should not dwell on your past ,taking the time to review and reflect on the path you have taken.（花些时间回顾和思考你走过的路）7.You may love someone but not necessarily have to marry him.（不一定得和他结婚）8.These examples demonstrate how poorly some students write their resumes.（有些学生的简历写得多么差）Uint 71) 我没料想到上演一个剧本需要这么多的工作。
A.汉译英1.他们都认为他成功的可能性很小。
They all believed that he had a slim chance of success.2.我不知道她为何总带有一种闷闷不乐的神情。
I don't know why she always have an air of sadness.3.等到所有同学都就座后，学生会主席才开始宣布野营的日程安排。
It was not until all the students had taken their seats that the president of the students’ union proceed to announce the camping itinerary.4.胃是人体至关重要的器官，请善待之。
The stomach is a vital organ of the human body; please take good care of it.5.他认为总经理如此重视那些日常琐事是荒唐的。
He consider it absurb for the general manager to attach so much importance to those routine trifles.6.她的研究涉及到多种语言和文化，富有挑战性。
Her study which ranged over many languages and cultures, was full of challenge.7.根据安排，全体工作人员轮流值晚班。
According to the schedueld, all the members of the staff take turns to be on night watch.8.想到要远离父母独立生活，她深感不安。
She was greatly upset at the thought of leaving her parents and living on her own in a remote area.9.对于她是否胜任这项工作我们不甚担心，我们更担心她的健康问题。
We don’t worry so much about her qualifications for the job but about her health.10.想到要作一次环球航海旅行，他为之激动不已。
He was greatly excited at the thought of going on a voyage around the world.Unit 2A.汉译英1.看着自己孩提时代的玩具，我不禁疑惑起自己当年为何如此喜欢它们了。
Looking at those children’s toys I played with during my childhood, I can’t help but wonder why I liked them so much then.2.一些官员指出：给银行高管发巨额奖金显示有必要实施某些金融改革。
Some officials point out that the lavish bonuses to bank executives show the need for certain financial reforms.3.会长简单地陈述了马上要做的事，即选出一个秘书和财务管理人。
The president of the society briefly stated the business in hand, namely to choose a secretary and treasurer.4.与其因此发火，我们还不如想想该怎么办。
Instead of getting all riled up about this, we should try to figure out what to do.5.要是你爱上一个已经有男朋友的女孩又会怎样呢？你会告诉她你喜欢她吗？What if you fall in love with a girl who is already attached with a boy friend? Will you tell her that you like her?6.他喜欢得意地欣赏自己赢得的所有奖品，他把这些奖品存放在一个玻璃柜里。
He likes to gloat over all the prizes he has won, which he keeps in a glass case.7.为了我们的所有孩子，请大家记住这一点，在选举日投出你明智的一票。
For the sake of all of our children, please keep this in mind and vote sensibly on election day.8.上个月我们减少了外出吃饭的次数，因此节省了一大笔开销。
Last month we cut back on the amount we were eating out, so we saved a lot of money.9.之前我从未想过去尝试让“脸谱（Facebook）”成为联系老朋友的一个途径，但是我试了一下，就和多年前的一些老朋友取得了联系。
It never occurred to me to try Facebook as a way of connecting with old friends, but I tried it and got in touch with some friends from years ago.10.一位驻伊拉克的美军高级司令官宣布，伊拉克军队准备在美军撤走其战斗部队后接管安全工作。
A top U.S. military commander in Iraq declares that Iraqi forces are ready to take over security operations when the U.S. withdraws its combat troops.Unit 3A.汉译英1.凡是听到她不幸遭遇的人无不深表同情。
No one who has heard about her misfortunate will not feel sympathy for her.2.他提出这个问题是出于好奇心，而非出于求知欲。
He asked the question out of curiosity rather than out of his desire for knowledge.3.这位年轻学者专心致志地开发新型的电脑翻译软件，他深信在不久的将来自己会成名。
This young scholar devoted all his attention to development of a new type of computer translation software in the full conviction that he would make a name in the near future.4.别把它当成一回事，我刚才所说的并非指你。
Don’t put it seriously, what I’ve just said is not meant for you.5.这扇门这么低，那个高个子进屋时无法挺直身子，只能低头猫腰进入。
It was such a low doorway that the tall man had to bend his head rather than keep upright when entering the room.6.我们的班长两个星期前突发高烧，此后一直卧床不起。
Our monitor was suddenly down with a high fever 2 weeks ago and has been keeping to his bed since then.7.令人难以置信的是他在两年内竟然把这些普通的女孩训练成了世界一流的长跑运动员。
It’s unbelievable that he made world-class long distance runners out of these ordinary girls within 2 years.8.他们竭力说服她放弃诉讼，但无济于事。
They tried her best to talk her into giving up the lawsuit, but in vain.9.那些过着富裕生活的农民从未想过迁居到大都市去生活。
It never occurred to those comfortably off farmers that they would move to a metropolitan city.10.他在餐厅享用美味的晚餐，听到车子的警报声，猛然间想起自己停在外面马路上的车子未上锁。
While enjoying his delicious dinner in a restaurant,he heard the car alarm and realized in a flash that he left his car outside in the stret unlocked.Unit 4A.汉译英1.老师显然下了很大功夫教学生如何做实验。
It was clear that the teacher has taken great pains to show the students how to do the experiment.2.我想校长对这位年轻的求职者存有偏见。
I’m afraid the headmaster has some prejudice against the young appliciiant.3.知道你告诉我后我才知道他所遭遇到的一切。
I had heard nothing of what had happened to him until you told me,4.这两位警察非常勇敢，他们做好了冒被走私者开枪射击的危险的准备。
The 2 policemen were so brave that they were ready to run the risk of being shot at by the smugglers.5.对于一周内会有三个星期日的说法，我永远不会信服。
I will never be convinced of the statement that 3 Sundays may occur in a week.6.大多数与会代表坚决反对在市区兴建大型游乐场的计划。
