定语从句经典完整版

定语从句定语从句及相关术语1. 定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。

2. 关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词有that, whi ch, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。

关系词常有3个作用：1,引导定语从句。

2,代替先行词。

3 ,在定语从句中担当一个成分。

注：关系代词有主语.宾语之分。

一般whom作为宾语。

4. 定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用’••…的'表示。

主要由形容词担任。

此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任.单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。

短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。

先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。

（一）限定性定语从句一、关系代词（在句中作主语、宾语或定语）1. that既可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语也可以省略。

［eg : this is the book （which ） you want。

］而且，如果which在从句中作不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括当先行词是anyt hing, everything, nothing , none 等不定代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, muc h等修饰时等，这时的that 常被省略还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，或先行词就是序数词或最高级时.以及先行词中既有人又有物时.还有句中前面有which时，都只能用that4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物，当它引导的从句修饰物体时，可以与of which调换，表达的意思一样。

Unit 1attributive clause定语从句:修饰主句中名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

antecedent 先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。

relative pronoun & relative adverb:关系代词/副词连接定语从句和主句并在定语中起作用的词。

Function of relative words1.连接作用。

2. 指代作用（指代先行词）。

3.在从句中作成份。

关系代词的用法归纳：定语从句中，that/ which指代物作主语时不省略,宾语时可以省略。

定语从句中，用who/that指代人;在从句中充当主语时，不能省;在从句中充当宾语时，用who/whom/that ,还可以省略。

定语从句中，用whose指代人/物，---------表示“某人的”、“某物的”在从句中充当定语。

whose 在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词与whose 后的名词为所属关系。

whose多指人，也可指物，指物时可与of which互换使用。

指人时可用of whom.Please show me the book whose cover is red.the cover of which /of which the coverI’ll call a person whose father knows you.the father of whom /of whom the father1. The girl __________is standing next to our teacher is her daughter.2. The girl _______________ our teacher is talking with is her daughter.3. The girl_________ mother is from Britain can speak English fluently.4. I can’t find the book __________ is borrowed from the library.5. I can’t find the book ____________ you lent to me.6. Have you read the book _____ author is a high school student?7. Have you read the book _____________ the author recommend (推荐) to high school students?8. I used to study in a classroom _______ windows were all broken.9. The woman __________________ we saw on the street gotthe job.10. Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat ___________ is eating herflowers.11. The book ______________ he bought yesterday is popular atpresent.12. There’s a mountain _______ top is always covered withsnow.13. The number of people _____________ going to theexhibition is expected to be over 25,000?以下情况，引导词用that，不用which。

定语从句定语从句及相关术语1.定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。

2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词有that, whi ch, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。

关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。

2，代替先行词。

3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。

注：关系代词有主语.宾语之分。

一般whom作为宾语。

4.定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。

主要由形容词担任。

此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任．单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。

短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。

先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。

（一）限定性定语从句一、关系代词（在句中作主语、宾语或定语）1. that既可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语也可以省略。

[eg：this is the book （which）you want。

]而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括当先行词是anyt hing, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, muc h等修饰时等，这时的that常被省略还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,或先行词就是序数词或最高级时.以及先行词中既有人又有物时.还有句中前面有which时,都只能用that4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与of which 调换,表达的意思一样。

定语从句总结-完整版一、定语从句：由关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which,as; 关系副词when, where, why 引导。

who,whom引导人；whose, that,as引导人/物；which引导物例句1. The death notices tell us about people who have died during the week.2. The man whom you spoke to just now is my friend.3. The building whose lights are on is beautiful.4. Please find a place which we can have a private talk in.5.This is the book that she recommended to me.6. The knee is the joint where the thighbone meets the large bone of the lower leg.7. He still remembers the day when he went to school.8. It is no need telling us the reason why you didn't finish it in time.9. He has three sons, two of whom died in the war.10. Mr. Smith, whose wife is a clerk, teaches us English.11. In the Sunday paper there are comics, which children enjoy.二、限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，若省略，所修饰主句的内容就不完整或失去意义，和主句的关系十分密切，写时不可用逗号分开。

（完整版）定语从句例句全I feel sorry for famous people who live their lives in the glare of publicity.我真可怜那些要在众目睽睽之下生活的名人。

He's not the kind of man who would go back on his words.他不是那种背信弃义的人。

People who walk on the grass are liable to a fine.在草坪上行走要罚款。

The man who I saw is called Smith.我见到的那个人名叫史密斯。

The man who telephoned was a friend of yours.打电话的人是你的一位朋友。

He who laughs last laughs best.谁笑到最后,谁笑得最好。

There is a lady who wants to see you.有一位女士要见你。

The girl with whom he had been living for two years suddenly packed her bags and left.这姑娘和他同居了两年,突然收拾起行李走掉了。

The police have pulled in a half dozen people whom they suspect.警方已逮捕6个他们怀疑的人。

That's the girl (whom) I teach. 那就是我教的女孩。

The person (whom) you wish to see has come.你希望见到的人已经来了。

He is a shallow thinker whose opinions aren't worth much.他看问题很浅薄,他的意见没有多大价值。

The play,whose style is rigidly formal,is typical of the period.这剧本是那个时期的典型作品,风格拘谨刻板。

定语从句讲解(完整版)定语从句是一种常见的语法结构，用于对名词或代词进行修饰和限定。

在英语中，定语从句的使用可以使句子更加丰富和准确。

下面，我将为您详细讲解定语从句的构成、用法和注意事项。

一、定语从句的构成定语从句由引导词、关系词和从句组成。

引导词通常是先行词，即被修饰的名词或代词；关系词用于引导定语从句，并将先行词与从句连接起来；从句则是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。

1. 引导词：先行词通常是名词或代词，它可以是主语、宾语或表语。

例如：The book that you gave me is very interesting.（你给我的那本书很有趣。

）The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.（正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。

）2. 关系词：关系词用于引导定语从句，并将先行词与从句连接起来。

关系词有who、which、that、whom、whose等。

例如： The book that you gave me is very interesting.（你给我的那本书很有趣。

）The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.（正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。

）3. 从句：从句是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。

从句中通常包含主语、谓语和宾语等成分。

例如：那本书很有趣。

）The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.（正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。

）二、定语从句的用法1. 限定性定语从句：限定性定语从句对先行词起到限定作用，即只有满足定语从句条件的名词或代词才是先行词的准确含义。

限定性定语从句通常紧跟在先行词之后，且不能用逗号与主句隔开。

例如： The book that you gave me is very interesting.（你给我的那本书很有趣。

1定语形容词作定语与从句作定语比较I don’t like lazy people.A: What kind of guys do you like?B: I like guys who aren't too serious and who have a good sense of humor. 定语从句的两个重要概念：先行词和关系词先行词：被定语从句所修饰的对象称为先行词关系词：重复指代先行词、起连接主句和从句的作用，并且在定语从句中充当一定成分的连接词称为关系词。

1.1先行词的结构特点先行词可以是一个词，一个短语，一个分句或者一个完整的句子一个词：The beauty of a woman is not in the clothes she wears, the figure that she carries, or the way she combs her hair.分句：He said that he had no time, which isn't true.一个句子：My girlfriend likes dancing with other guys, which really drives me crazy.1.2先行词的位置特点先行词与关系词骨肉分离Changes in the economy that lead to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment in general make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain.关系词分为：关系代词主要包括who，whom，which，that，whose，这些词主要起着代词的作用，在定语从句里充当主语或宾语（但whose作定语）。

关系副词则包括when，where，why1.3关系代词1.3.1先行词指“人”，用关系代词who或whomThe woman is a famous dancer and she lives next door.The woman is a famous dancer lives next door.I like guys who have a good sense of humor.The world is a book, and those who do not travel read only one page.I'd really like to find a friend whom I can trust completely.注意：who和whom的区别1 who的前面不能与介词搭配使用:I'm talking about friends with whom you can share almost everything.2 whom在定语从句中不能作主语，但可作宾语或表语The family (who/whom) I met at the airport were very kind.1.3.2先行词指“物”，用关系代词which一、先行词是单个的名词:Whales are very large animals which live in the sea.二、先行词是一个短语He likes climbing mountains, which is a good exercise.三、先行词是一个句子He broke my glasses, which upset me.1.3.3that可以指代“人”，也可以指代“物”You are the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.Whales are very large animals that live in the sea.注意：最好用that的情况1当先行词中同时出现“人”和“物”时2先行词为指“物”的all，little，few，much，none和the first时All that glitters is not gold. This book contains little that is useful.3先行词是不定代词something，anything，nothing和everything4先行词被any，only，all，every，no，some，much，few，little序数词，形容词的最高级，the only，the one，the very，the right和the last等成分修饰时。

定语从句一、定语:1)形容词：It's a fine (windy, rainy, warm) day.这是一个晴朗（刮风、下雨、暖和）的日子。

2)名词或名词所有格：She is a college graduate.她是大学毕业生。

What's your government's attitude towards the problem?你们政府对此态度如何？3)分词（短语）：These are the roads leading to the beach.这些是通往海滨的路。

He disapproved of the proposed conference.他不赞成提议召开的会议。

4)不定式：She was quiet for days to come.在以后的好些天中她都沉默寡言。

I've something important to discuss with you5)介词短语：He is absorbed in his work on bacteria.他专心于他的细菌研究。

6)从句：Is there anything I can do for you?有什么事我可以帮你做吗？She's a girl everyone likes.她是个人人都喜欢的姑娘。

二、定语从句1.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词,先行词可以是一个词，短语，或者句子2.关系词：连接定语从句的连词叫做关系词The girl whom I saw told me to come back today.我见到的那个姑娘叫我今天再来。

That’s the best hotel (that) I know.这是我所知道的最好的旅馆。

The film is about a spy whose wife betrays him.这电影是讲一个间谍，他的妻子出卖了他。

the time when I saw him, he was quite strong.以前我看到他的时候，他身体挺壮实的。

(完整版)定语从句归纳-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN定语从句（the attributive clause）一．什么叫定语从句？一个句子作定语就叫定语从句。

二．定语从句的结构及种类1.结构：关系词+主语+谓语+其它2.种类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句三．关系词的分类及关系词1.关系代词：who，whom, whose, that ,which, as2.关系副词：when，where，why四．关系词的功用1.起连接作用，引导定语从句2.在定语从句中作一个成分——主语，宾语，状语，定语，表语。

五．什么是先行词？被定语从句所修饰的词是先行词。

六．关系词的用法1.who当先行词是指人得名词或代词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选who。

The boy who is standing over there is Tom.He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.2.whom当先行词是指人得名词，而且关系词在句中作主语时，选whom.This is our English teacher whom everybody likes.3.whose①当先行词是指人的名词，而且关系词在句中作定语时，选whose.This is my deskmate whose father works in a factory.②当先行词是指物的名词，而且关系在句中作定语时，选whose.We study in a classroom whose windows face to the south.4.that①当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作主语时，选that.This is a machine that can walk.②当先行词是指物的名词，关系词在句中作宾语时，选that. 另外，that可以省略。

（完整版）定语从句详解+例句Attributive Clause定语从句一、定义定语从句：修饰名词或代词的从句。

换句话说，名词、代词后的从句叫定语从句。

先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词、甚至词组或句子叫先行词。

关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

1关系代词：在定语从句中担任主、宾、表、定语成分2关系副词：在定语从句中担任状语成分关系词3个功能：1. 连接功能（连接先行词与定语从句）；2. 担任功能（在定语从句中担任主、宾、表、定、状语）；3. 替代功能（在定语从句中代替先行词）。

关系代词在定语从句中充当主语的是： who, that, which, as宾语的是： who, whom, that, which, as定语的是： whose, which先行词是人时，关系代词是：who, whom, that, as先行词是物时，关系代词是：which, that, whose, as关系副词有：when (先行词为时间), where (先行词为地点), why (先行词为原因)关系副词 = 介词 + which / whom定语从句分为两种：限制性与非限制性。

先行词与关系词之间无逗号隔开为限制性；有逗号隔开则为非限制性，且一般由which引导。

唯一可以置于先行词之前的定语从句由关系代词as 引导。

二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。

(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。

完整版)定语从句详解+例句定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句。

也就是说，名词或代词后面的从句就是定语从句，而被定语从句修饰的名词、代词、甚至词组或句子叫做先行词。

引导定语从句的词叫做关系词，其中包括关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词在定语从句中可以担任主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等多种语法成分，而关系副词则可以担任状语成分。

关系代词在定语从句中充当主语的有who、that、which和as；在定语从句中充当宾语的有who、whom、that、which和as；在定语从句中充当定语的有whose和which。

当先行词是人时，关系代词可以是who、whom、that和as；当先行词是物时，关系代词可以是which、that、whose和as。

关系副词有when（先行词为时间）、where（先行词为地点）和why （先行词为原因），它们是介词和which/whom的组合。

定语从句分为限制性和非限制性两种。

当先行词与关系词之间没有逗号隔开时，就是限制性定语从句；而当先行词与关系词之间有逗号隔开时，就是非限制性定语从句，而且一般由which引导。

唯一可以置于先行词之前的定语从句由关系代词as引导。

关系代词who指人，在定语从句中充当主语；而whom 指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常常可以省略。

关系代词which指物，在定语从句中可以充当主语或宾语，而它在充当宾语时可以省略。

需要注意的是，口语和非正式语体中，关系代词whom常常可以用who代替，并且可以省略。

XXX.This is the pen he XXX.When referring to a person。

"that" can be used in place of "who" or "whom" in object clauses。

and can be omitted.The number of visitors to the city increases by one n each year.Where is the man I saw this morning?XXX used to refer to people。