淋巴管肌瘤病的肺部CT表现
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作者单位:100730中国医学科学院中国协和医科大学北京协和医院放射科胸部放射学肺淋巴管肌瘤病的临床表现及HRCT特点周 璐,张竹花,金征宇【摘要】 目的 探讨肺淋巴管肌瘤病(P LAM)的临床特征及高分辨率CT(HRCT)表现,旨在提高对该病的认识。
资料与方法 回顾性分析9例经病理证实并行HRCT检查的P LAM患者资料,分析其临床表现、肺功能结果、X线胸片及HRCT特点。
结果 9例均以进行性呼吸困难为主要临床表现,1例伴有反复自发性气胸,2例伴乳糜胸。
肺功能检查表现为以阻塞性通气功能障碍为主的混合性通气功能障碍和弥散功能降低;X线胸片8例呈弥漫性网状阴影,1例可见蜂窝状囊腔;HRCT扫描均见均匀散在性分布的直径2.0~20mm的薄壁囊腔,壁厚1.5~2.0 mm,病变早期囊腔之间可见正常肺组织。
结论 P LAM主要临床特征是进行性呼吸困难,常可伴有咯血、气胸、乳糜胸,疑诊P LAM时应及时行HRCT及肺功能检查,必要时需行肺活检,以明确病理诊断。
HRCT对该病的早期诊断、鉴别诊断具有重要价值。
【关键词】 肺淋巴管肌瘤病 高分辨率CTThe C li n i c and HRCT Fea tures of Pul m onary L ym phang i o m yoma tosisZHOU Lu,Z HANG Zhuhua,J I N ZhengyuDepart m ent of Radi ol ogy,Peking Uni on Medical College Hos p ital,Chinese Acade myof Medical Science,Beijing100730,P.R.China【Abstract】 O bjecti ve To discuss clinic and high res oluti on computed t omograghy(HRCT)features in pul m onary ly m2 phangi omyomat osis(P LAM)and t o make a further understanding of this disease.M a ter i a ls and M ethods 9cases of P LAM with pathol ogically p r oved were revie wed retr os pectively.Clinic manifestati ons,pul m onary functi on results,chest X ray and HRCT findings were analyzed.Results The main clinic manifestati ons included p r ogressive dys pnea(n=9), repeated pneu mothorax(n=1),and chyl op leura(n=2).Pul m onary functi on showed m ixed ventilati on disturbance with obstructive ventilati on disturbance mainly.I n8patients,chest X2ray showed reticular opacities and honeycombing opacities in1patient.HRCT de monstrated thin2walled cysts2-20mm in diameter and1.5-2.0mm in wall thickness in all pa2 tients,scattering at random in all parts of the lung.I n the early stage of the disease,lung tissue bet w een cysts appeared nor mal.Conclusi on The main clinic manifestati ons of P LAM are p r ogressive dys pnea with repeated pneu mothorax,chy2 l op leura and he mop tysis.HRCT is a valuable modality in the early diagnosis of P LAM.【Key words】 Pul m onary ly mphangi omyomat osis H igh res oluti on computed t omograghy 肺淋巴管肌瘤病(pul m onary ly mphangi omyoma2 t osis,P LAM)是一种罕见、原因不明的错构瘤样病变,以支气管、细支气管、肺泡间隔和肺血管、淋巴管周围的不典型平滑肌细胞进行性浸润为主要病理特征。
淋巴管肌瘤病的影像表现陈孝柏侯睿张建梅温廷国石峰目的探讨淋巴管肌瘤病(LAM)的影像学诊断价值。
方法回顾性分析15例经临床和病理证实的LAM胸部X线平片、HRCT,腹部CT和直接淋巴管造影(DLG)及DLG后胸腹部CT扫描等影像资料。
结果15例中,X线胸片上未见异常1例,双肺纹理增多3例,弥漫性小蜂窝状影或网格状影11例,气胸2例,胸腔积液14例。
胸部常规CT和HRCT扫描显示15例均具有典型LAM表现,均可见两肺散在囊状影或广泛密布的囊状影。
按Avi1a等肺部疾病程度分级标准:Ⅰ级3例;Ⅱ级5例;Ⅲ级7例。
腹部CT显示14例在腹膜后、盆腔可见囊性淋巴管瘤9例,淋巴管肌瘤13例,二者共同存在7例,并发肝脏脂肪瘤和血管平滑肌脂肪瘤、肾脏小错构瘤及子宫肌瘤各1例。
DLG检查,除1例淋巴管梗阻部位在腰3水平外,其余14例均可见胸导管不同程度的狭窄、梗阻及颈干和(或)锁骨下干和(或)支气管纵隔干淋巴管反流。
DLG术后CT,除3例未显示胸导管出口梗阻外,其余12例显示胸导管出口梗阻情况与DLG基本一致。
结论HRCT对肺淋巴管肌瘤(PLAM)的诊断具有特征性价值,CT可发现腹部LAM,DLG和DLG后MSCT对因LAM引起的胸导管或淋巴管干梗阻部位的显示具有价值,可为手术治疗提供一定的帮助。
淋巴管肌瘤病;体层摄影术,X线计算机;淋巴造影术Imaging diagnosis of the lymphangioleiomyomatosis CHEN Xiao-bai* HOU RuiZHANG Jian-meiWEN Ting-guo SHI Feng Department of Radiology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital , Beijing 100038, China Objective To investigate the value of imaging diagnosis of the lymphangioleiomyomatosis( LAM ). Methods Fifteen patients with LAM confirmed by pathological assessment were analyzed retrospectively for radiologic findings. They had chest radiograph, chest highresolution CT (HRCT),abdominal CT, direct lymphangiography(DLG), chest CT and abdominal CT after DLG. Results Chest radiograph findings included normal (1), increasing of lung markings (3),disseminated honeycomb or reticular pattern ( 11 ), pneumothorax ( 2 ), and pleural effusion ( 14 ). Chest conventional CT and HRCT showed typical imaging manifestation of PLAM in all cases, including sporadic or disseminated cysts in bilateral lungs. According to the grading standard of pulmonary disease made by Avila et at, there were 3 cases in grade Ⅰ , 5 cases in grade Ⅱ and 7 cases in grade Ⅲ . Fourteen of 15 patients with LAM had positive abdominal CT findings in retroperitoneum and pelvic cavity. Common abdominal CT findings included cystic lymphangioma in 9 of 14 patients, lymphangiomyoma in 13 and both coexisting in 7.One of the 14 patients also had hepatic lipoma and angiomyolipomas. One patient had renal angiomyolipomas; and one patient had hysteromyoma. All 15 cases underwent DLG, 1 cases had lymphatic obstruction in the lumbar 3 level, the remaining 14 cases had varying degrees of thoracic duct stenosis, or obstruction. Neck trunk, subclavian trunk and bronchial trunk showed lymphatic reflux. On post-DLG CT,thoracic duet outlet obstruction was not demonstrated in 3 cases, the remaining 12 cases showed thoracic outlet obstruction, consistent with the DLG findings. Conclusion HRCT is a useful diagnostic method showing characteristic findings of PLAM. MSCT can help to detect abdominal LAM. DLG and MSCT after DLG have value in displaying obstruction site of thoracic duct or lymphatic trunks and provide guidance for operative treatment. Lymphangiomyomatosis; Tomography,X-ray computed ; Lymphography 10. 3760/cma. j. issn. 1005-1201. 2011. 09. 009 作者单位:100038 北京世纪坛医院放射中心(陈孝柏、侯睿、张建梅,温廷国).病理科(石峰)万方数据842万方数据843万方数据万方数据@@[1 ] Avila NA, Chen CC, Chu SC, et al. Pulmonary [ymphangioleiomyomatosis: conrelation of ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy, chest radiogrsphy, and CT with pulmonary function tests. Radiology, 2000,214: 441-446.@@[2] Müller NL, Chiles C, Kullnig P. Pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis: correlation of CT with radiographic and functional findings. Radiology, 1990,175:335-339.@@[3] Aberle DR, Hansell DM, Brown K, et al. Lymphangiomyomatosis: CT, chest radiographic, and functional correlations. Radiology, 1990,176:381-387.@@[4] Avila NA, Dwyer AJ, Rabel A, et al. Sporadic lymphangiomyomatosis and tuberous sclerosis complex with lymphangiomyomatosis : comparison of CT features. Radiology, 2007,242:277-285.@@[5]刘亦庸,张连郁,张熙曾,等.一种罕见疾病胸内淋巴管肌瘤 病一例.中国肿瘤临床,1986,13:116-118.@@[6]从振杰,刘旭林,周承涛,等.淋巴管肌瘤病的CT诊断(附二 例报告及文献复习).中华放射学杂志,2004,38:755 -758.@@[7] Taylor JR, Ryu J, Colby TV, et al. Lymphangiomyomatosis: clinical course in patients. N Engl J Med,1990,323:1254-1260. @@[8] Kitaichi M, Nishimura K, Itoh H, et al. Pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis: a report of 46 patients including a clinicopathologic study of prognsstic factors. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 1995,151:527-533. @@[9] Matsui K, Beasley MB, Nelson WK, et al. Prognostic significance of pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis histologic score. Am J Surg Patho1,2001 ,25:479-484.@@[10] Avila NA, Kelly JA, Dwyer AJ, et al. Lymphangioleiomyomatosis : correlation of qualitative and quantitative thin-section CT with pulmonary function tests and assessment of dependence on pleurodesis. Radiology, 2002,223 : 189-197.@@[ 11 ] Avila NA, Kelly JA, Chu SC, et al. Lymphangioleiomyomatosis: abdomino pelvic CT and US findings. Radiology, 2000, 216: 147-153.@@[12] Casper KA, Donnelly LF, Chen B, et al. Tuberous sclerosis complex : renal imaging findings. Radiology ,2002,225:451-456.@@[ 13] Abbott GF, Rosado-de-Christenson ML, Frazier AA,et al. From the archives of the AFIP: lymphangioleiomyomatosis: radiologic pathologic correlation. Radiographics,2005,25: 803-828.@@[ 14] Avila NA, Bechtle J, Dwyer AJ, et al. Lymphangioleiomyomatosis : CT of diurnal variation of ]ymphangioleiomyomas. Radiology, 2001, 221:415-421.@@[15] Pallisa E, Sanz P, Roman A, et al. Lymphangioleiomyomatosis: pulmonary and abdominal findings with pathologic correlationL Radiographics, 2002,22 : 185-198.@@[16] Guermazi A, Brice U, Hennequin C, et al. Lymphography: an old technique retains its usefulness. Radiographics, 2003,23: 1541-1558.2011-02-15万方数据。
肺淋巴管肌瘤病的胸部影像学表现张莉;欧陕兴;彭光明;郭元星;齐燕;李小荣;刘海凌;罗道首【摘要】目的探讨肺淋巴管肌瘤病(PLAM)的影像学表现.方法报告3例PLAM病例,结合文献资料对该病病因、临床特点及影像学表现进行讨论.结果 3例患者均为育龄期女性,首发症状均为活动后呼吸困难,其中1例合并气胸,1例合并气胸及乳糜胸,1例合并肺外淋巴管肌瘤.结合文献资料,本病常发于育龄期女性,临床表现依次为呼吸困难、咯血、气胸、乳糜胸等.本病X线片常呈非特异改变,CT较具特异性,主要表现为多发均匀分布囊状影,伴有间隔线,呈网格状改变,同时出现液气胸和淋巴结肿大,肺外也可有多发相关改变.肺功能测定常伴有阻塞性通气功能障碍.结论 CT检查对PLAM具有诊断价值.对育龄期妇女发生的渐进性呼吸困难、咯血、自发性气胸应及时进行胸部CT检查,并应常规进行腹部和盆腔影像学检查以了解患者是否合并肺外淋巴管平滑肌瘤.【期刊名称】《临床肺科杂志》【年(卷),期】2010(015)012【总页数】3页(P1704-1706)【关键词】肺淋巴管肌瘤病;CT;影像学诊断【作者】张莉;欧陕兴;彭光明;郭元星;齐燕;李小荣;刘海凌;罗道首【作者单位】510010,广东,广州,广州军区广州总医院放射科;510010,广东,广州,广州军区广州总医院放射科;510010,广东,广州,广州军区广州总医院放射科;510010,广东,广州,广州军区广州总医院放射科;510010,广东,广州,广州军区广州总医院放射科;510010,广东,广州,广州军区广州总医院放射科;510010,广东,广州,广州军区广州总医院放射科;510010,广东,广州,广州军区广州总医院放射科【正文语种】中文【中图分类】R73淋巴管肌瘤病(Lymphangioleiomyomatosis,LAM)是一种主要累及肺、纵隔及腹部淋巴结的罕见综合征。
本病的CT表现具有特征性改变,尤其是胸部影像学改变较特异。
肺淋巴管肌瘤病的影像学诊断目的:分析肺淋巴管肌瘤病的影像学表现的特点,讨论其诊断和鉴别诊断。
方法:对4 例经病理证实的肺淋巴管肌瘤病影像学资料进行回顾性分析。
所有病例均行X线胸片、胸部常规CT 及HRCT 扫描。
结果:X线缺乏特异性,常规胸部CT见两肺密度减低影及少许囊状影,相应水平上HRCT清晰显示全肺囊状影,无分布差异。
结论:常规CT可显示肺淋巴管肌瘤病部分肺部改变,而HRCT能更全面显示病变细微结构,对该病的早期诊断、鉴别诊断具有重要价值,同时对病变的进展及患者预后评估具有重要的参考价值。
标签:肺淋巴管肌瘤病;影像诊断肺淋巴管肌瘤病(PLAM)是一种发生于年轻女性的罕见疾病, 1937年由V on Stossel 首先报道,1966年由Cornog和Enterline正式命名。
病因不明,大多数学者认为与雌激素有关,常易误诊为慢性支气管炎、肺气肿而延误治疗。
本文通过对4 例经病理证实的PLAM的X线、CT及HRCT影像表现进行分析,讨论其诊断及鉴别诊断。
1 资料与方法收集4例经纤维支气管镜肺活检病理证实的PLAM患者,均为女性,年龄24~45岁,4例患者均行X线胸片、肺常规CT和HRCT检查。
临床表现有活动后胸闷、气促者2例,反复发作气胸1例,乳糜胸腔积液1例。
4例肺功能检查均表现为严重阻塞性通气功能障碍。
2 结果X线胸片显示1例表现气胸,双肺被压缩约40%,该患者为24岁女性,病理取小块肺组织约 4.0 cm×1.0 cm×0.2 cm,切面未见特殊,酶标示:ER(-),PR 70%(+),D2-40(+),HMB-45(20%+),SMA(+++),ki-67(-),DES(+),CK7肺泡上皮(+),PCNA(80%+),MSA(+),SPA肺泡上皮(+),CD34血管(+),A103(-);另外1例表现为肺纹理粗乱并双侧胸腔积液,经穿刺抽出液体,化验为真性乳糜液;其余2例显示肺纹理增多。
肺淋巴管肌瘤病来源:东南大学附属中大医院医学影像科作者:周佳莹/徐秋贞病史女,51岁,胸闷半年CT增强表现肺窗横断位纵隔窗横断位肺窗冠状位纵隔窗冠状位诊断结果示:肺淋巴管肌瘤病,右侧胸腔乳糜胸肺淋巴管肌瘤病:4、淋巴细胞间质性肺炎(LIP)最常见与Sjogren综合征(干燥综合征)相关,也可与AIDS、原发胆汁性肝硬化、淋巴结增生症及自身免疫性甲状腺疾病。
病理显示淋巴细胞及浆细胞弥散性间质性增殖,淋巴管周围间质包括支气管血管周围间质、小叶间隔及胸膜均受累。
HRCT显示磨玻璃样密度,边界不清的小叶中心结节,基底部的薄壁囊泡,囊泡一般小于3cm,数量少于淋巴管肌腺症及LCH。
HRCT 还可显示支气管血管周围间质、小叶间隔增厚,胸膜下结节,淋巴结肿大并融合。
图1示:干燥综合征伴LIP患者,HRCT示大小不等薄壁囊泡,部分位于胸膜下(小于3cm)。
图2示:LIP患者,HRCT示支气管血管旁间质、小叶间隔增厚,胸膜下结节及融合;此患者囊泡较小(箭头)5、Birt-Hogg-Dubé́综合征常染色体显性遗传疾病;常见30-50岁;皮肤,分布在面部、颈部、上部躯干的纤维毛囊瘤或丘疹, ;肾脏肿瘤(囊肿、良性、恶性);结肠息肉;视网膜疾病;大泡性肺气肿;小的薄壁囊泡,边缘为正常肺组织,囊泡以分布于基底部、胸膜下为特征,面积小于30%肺体积,囊泡内可有小分隔;75% 患者中出现气胸。
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