数学公式的英语读法

分数、小数、百分数、数学式加减乘除以及数量的读法一、Decimals小数表示小数时,小数点前面的基数词和前面讲的基数词的读法相同；小数点后的数字则必须一一读出0．0089→（zero ／naught）point zero zero eight nine1．36→one point three six小数点读作point，o读作zero或o［ou］，整数部分为零时，可以省略不读。

0.4 zero point four或point four 零点四。

二、Fractions分数（1）表示分数时,分子要用基数词,分母用序数词.1/2 = a (or one) half1/3 = a (or one) third1/4 = a quarter or one fourth1/5 = a (or one) fifth2/3 = two thirds3／7 = three seventh9/10 = nine tenths＊比较复杂的分数如：24／789,多读作twenty four over seven hundred and eighty nine.（2）如果分子大于1,分母必须用复数形式：53/4 = five and three quarters15/64= fifteen over (or by) sixty-four三、百分数百分数由percent表示,百分号％读作percent,应用时常与by连用.15% = fifteen per cent4‰ = four per mill0．68％→zero point six eight percent6％→six percent369％→three hundred and sixty nine percent例：The output of steel went up by 20 percent．钢产量增长20％.The price of cotton was reduced by 20 percent．棉花的价格下降了20％.四、Mathematic Forms 数学式加减乘除(1) Addition 加法1+2=3 One and two are three.2+3=5 Two plus three equals five.4+0=4 Four and nought is equal to four.45+70+152=267 45,70 and 152 added are (or make) 267the sum (or total) is 267.(2)Subtraction 减法9-4=5 Nine minus four equals (or is equal to) five.15-7=8 Seven from fifteen leaves eight.23,654-8,175=15,4798,175 (take or subtracted) from 23,654 leaves 15,479.The difference (or The remainder) is 15,479.Nine from five won`t go.(3)Multiplication 乘法1×0=0 One multiplied by nought equals nought.1×1=1 Once one is one.2×1=2 Twice one is two.3×5=15 Three times five is fifteen6×0=0 Multiply six by nothing, and the result is nothing.(4)Division 除法9÷3=3 Nine divided by three makes (or is equal to) three.20÷5=4 Five into twenty goes four times.4567÷23=198余13 23 into 4567 goes 198 times, and 13 remainder.The quoctient is 198, and 13 remainder.五、数量表示法表示长、宽、高、面积等，用基数词+单位词（meter，foot，inch，kilogram等）+ 形容词（long，wide，high等）表示，或者用基数词+单位词+in+名词（length，width，height，weight等）表示。

数学公式字母发⾳数学、物理公式中经常⽤到希腊字母，在⽹上搜集了⼏个版本的希腊字母表及其发⾳，可相互补充参考。

百度百科希腊字母常⽤指代意义及其中⽂读⾳序号⼤写⼩写英语⾳标注⾳英⽂汉语名称常⽤指代意义1Αα/'ælfə/alpha阿尔法⾓度、系数、⾓加速度、第⼀个、电离度、转化率2Ββ/'bi:tə/ 或/'beɪtə/beta贝塔磁通系数、⾓度、系数3Γγ/'gæmə/gamma伽玛电导系数、⾓度、⽐热容⽐4Δδ/'deltə/delta得尔塔变化量、焓变、熵变、屈光度、⼀元⼆次⽅程中的判别式、化学位移5Εε/'epsɪlɒn/epsilon艾普西隆对数之基数、介电常数、电容率6Ζζ/'zi:tə/zeta泽塔系数、⽅位⾓、阻抗、相对黏度7Ηη/'i:tə/eta伊塔迟滞系数、机械效率8Θθ/'θi:tə/theta西塔温度、⾓度9Ιι/aɪ'əʊtə/iota约(yāo)塔微⼩、⼀点10Κκ/'kæpə/kappa卡帕介质常数、绝热指数11∧λ/'læmdə/lambda拉姆达波长、体积、导热系数12Μµ/mju:/mu谬磁导率、微、动摩擦系（因）数、流体动⼒黏度、货币单位,莫⽐乌斯函数13Νν/nju:/nu纽磁阻系数、流体运动粘度、光波频率、化学计量数14Ξξ希腊 /ksi/英美 /ˈzaɪ/或 /ˈsaɪ/xi克西随机变量、（⼩）区间内的⼀个未知特定值15Οο/əuˈmaikrən/或 /ˈɑmɪˌkrɑn/omicron奥⽶克戎⾼阶⽆穷⼩函数16∏π/paɪ/pi派圆周率、π(n)表⽰不⼤于n的质数个数、连乘17Ρρ/rəʊ/rho柔电阻率、柱坐标和极坐标中的极径、密度、曲率半径18∑σ,ς/'sɪɡmə/sigma西格马总和、表⾯密度、跨导、正应⼒、电导率19Ττ/tɔ:/ 或 /taʊ/tau陶时间常数、切应⼒、2π（两倍圆周率）20Υυ/ˈipsɪlon/或 /ˈʌpsɪlɒn/upsilon宇普西龙位移21Φφ/faɪ/phi斐磁通量、电通量、⾓、透镜焦度、热流量、电势、直径、空集,欧拉函数22Χχ/kaɪ/chi希统计学中有卡⽅(χ^2)分布23Ψψ/psaɪ/psi普西⾓速、介质电通量、ψ函数、磁链24Ωω/'əʊmɪɡə/或/oʊ'meɡə/omega奥⽶伽欧姆、⾓速度、⾓频率、交流电的电⾓度、化学中的质量分数、不饱和度未知来源的书籍扫描图⽚。

英语课堂：教你用英文怎么说加减乘除~我们从小就会算1 1=23*3=9现在觉得这可能是世界上最简单的数学题了可是如果让你用英文说你会么...1: plus“1 1”读作：one plus one2－: minus; negative“2-1”读作：two minus one“-3”读作：minus/negative three“2-(-3)”读作：two minus negative three3×: multiplied by ; times“2×3” 读作：two multiplied by three 或 two times three4÷: divided by“4÷2”读作：four divided by two5=: equals; is equal to“1 1=2”读作：One plus one equals two.或 One plus one is equal to two.6≠: is not equal to“a≠b”读作：a is not equal to b7≈: approximately equal to“3×3≈10” 读作：Three multiplied by three is approximately equal to ten.8<: is less than“1<2”读作 One is less than two.9>: is greater than“2>1”读作：Two is greater than one.10≤: is less than or equal to“2≤3”读作：Two is less than or equal to three.11%: percent“10%”读作：ten percent12‰ : per thousand“10‰”读作：ten per thousand。

数学公式的英文读法&数学英文词汇已有1985 次阅读2008-9-28 14:10 |个人分类:数学天地|关键词:数学公式的英文读法&数学英文词汇1.Logic\exists there exist\forall for allp q p implies q / if p, then qp q p if and only if q /p is equivalent to q / p and q are equivalent2.Setsx∈A x belongs to A / x is an element (or a member) of Ax A x does not belong to A / x is not an element (or a member) of AA B A is contained in B / A is a subset of BA B A contains B / B is a subset of AA∩B A cap B / A meet B / A intersection BA∪B A cup B / A join B / A union BA\B A minus B / the diference between A and BA×B A cross B / the cartesian product of A and B3. Real numbersx+1 x plus onex-1 x minus onex±1 x plus or minus onexy xy / x multiplied by y(x - y)(x + y) x minus y, x plus yx y x over y= the equals signx = 5 x equals 5 / x is equal to 5x≠5x (is) not equal to 5x≡y x is equivalent to (or identical with) yx ≡ y x is not equivalent to (or identical with) yx > y x is greater than yx≥y x is greater than or equal to yx < y x is less than yx≤y x is less than or equal to y0 < x < 1 zero is less than x is less than 10≤x≤1zero is less than or equal to x is less than or equal to 1| x | mod x / modulus xx 2 x squared / x (raised) to the power 2x 3 x cubedx 4 x to the fourth / x to the power fourx n x to the nth / x to the power nx n x to the (power) minus nx (square) root x / the square root of xx 3 cube root (of) xx 4 fourth root (of) xx n nth root (of) x( x+y ) 2 x plus y all squared( x y ) 2 x over y all squaredn! n factorialx ^ x hatx ¯x barx x tildex i xi / x subscript i / x suffix i / x sub i∑ i=1 n a i the sum from i equals one to n a i / the sum as i runs from 1 to n of the a i 4. Linear algebra‖x ‖the norm (or modulus) of xOA →OA / vector OAOA ¯OA / the length of the segment OAA T A transpose / the transpose of AA 1 A inverse / the inverse of A5. Functionsf( x ) fx / f of x / the function f of xf:S→T a function f from S to Tx→y x maps to y / x is sent (or mapped) to yf'( x ) f prime x / f dash x / the (first) derivative of f with respect to xf''( x ) f double-prime x / f double-dash x / the second derivative of f with respect to x f'''( x ) triple-prime x / f triple-dash x / the third derivative of f with respect to xf^{(4)}( x ) f four x / the fourth derivative of f with respect to xf x_1 the partial (derivative) of f with respect to x1^2 f x_1^2 the second partial (derivative) of f with respect to x_1∫_0^∞the integral from zero to infinity\underset{x\to 0}\lim the limit as x approaches zero\underset{x\to 0+}\lim the limit as x approaches zero from above\underset{x\to 0-}\lim the limit as x approaches zero from belowlog_e y log y to the base e / log to the base e of y / natural log (of) ylny log y to the base e / log to the base e of y / natural log (of) y一般词汇数学mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE)公理axiom定理theorem计算calculation运算operation证明prove假设hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.)命题proposition算术arithmetic加plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)被加数augend, summand加数addend和sum减minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.) 被减数minuend减数subtrahend差remainder乘times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.) 被乘数multiplicand, faciend乘数multiplicator积product除divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.) 被除数dividend除数divisor商quotient等于equals, is equal to, is equivalent to大于is greater than小于is lesser than大于等于is equal or greater than小于等于is equal or lesser than运算符operator数字digit数number自然数natural number整数integer小数decimal小数点decimal point分数fraction分子numerator分母denominator比ratio正positive负negative零null, zero, nought, nil十进制decimal system二进制binary system十六进制hexadecimal system权weight, significance进位carry截尾truncation四舍五入round下舍入round down上舍入round up有效数字significant digit无效数字insignificant digit代数algebra公式formula, formulae(pl.)单项式monomial多项式polynomial, multinomial系数coefficient未知数unknown, x-factor, y-factor, z-factor 等式，方程式equation一次方程simple equation二次方程quadratic equation三次方程cubic equation四次方程quartic equation不等式inequation阶乘factorial对数logarithm指数，幂exponent乘方power二次方，平方square三次方，立方cube四次方the power of four, the fourth power n次方the power of n, the nth power开方evolution, extraction二次方根，平方根square root三次方根，立方根cube root四次方根the root of four, the fourth rootn次方根the root of n, the nth root集合aggregate元素element空集void子集subset交集intersection并集union补集complement映射mapping函数function定义域domain, field of definition值域range常量constant变量variable单调性monotonicity奇偶性parity周期性periodicity图象image数列，级数series微积分calculus微分differential导数derivative极限limit无穷大infinite(a.) infinity(n.) 无穷小infinitesimal积分integral定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral有理数rational number无理数irrational number实数real number虚数imaginary number复数complex number矩阵matrix行列式determinant几何geometry点point线line面plane体solid线段segment射线radial平行parallel相交intersect角angle角度degree弧度radian锐角acute angle直角right angle钝角obtuse angle平角straight angle周角perigon底base边side高height三角形triangle锐角三角形acute triangle直角三角形right triangle直角边leg斜边hypotenuse勾股定理Pythagorean theorem 钝角三角形obtuse triangle不等边三角形scalene triangle等腰三角形isosceles triangle等边三角形equilateral triangle四边形quadrilateral平行四边形parallelogram矩形rectangle长length宽width菱形rhomb, rhombus, rhombi(pl.), diamond 正方形square梯形trapezoid直角梯形right trapezoid等腰梯形isosceles trapezoid五边形pentagon六边形hexagon七边形heptagon八边形octagon九边形enneagon十边形decagon十一边形hendecagon十二边形dodecagon多边形polygon正多边形equilateral polygon圆circle圆心centre(BrE), center(AmE)半径radius直径diameter圆周率pi弧arc半圆semicircle扇形sector环ring椭圆ellipse圆周circumference周长perimeter面积area轨迹locus, loca(pl.)相似similar全等congruent四面体tetrahedron五面体pentahedron六面体hexahedron平行六面体parallelepiped立方体cube七面体heptahedron八面体octahedron九面体enneahedron十面体decahedron十一面体hendecahedron 十二面体dodecahedron二十面体icosahedron多面体polyhedron棱锥pyramid棱柱prism棱台frustum of a prism旋转rotation轴axis圆锥cone圆柱cylinder圆台frustum of a cone球sphere半球hemisphere底面undersurface表面积surface area体积volume空间space坐标系coordinates坐标轴x-axis, y-axis, z-axis 横坐标x-coordinate纵坐标y-coordinate原点origin双曲线hyperbola抛物线parabola三角trigonometry正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent正割secant余割cosecant反正弦arc sine反余弦arc cosine反正切arc tangent反余切arc cotangent反正割arc secant反余割arc cosecant相位phase周期period振幅amplitude内心incentre(BrE), incenter(AmE)外心excentre(BrE), excenter(AmE)旁心escentre(BrE), escenter(AmE)垂心orthocentre(BrE), orthocenter(AmE)重心barycentre(BrE), barycenter(AmE)内切圆inscribed circle外切圆circumcircle统计statistics平均数average加权平均数weighted average方差variance标准差root-mean-square deviation, standard deviation比例propotion百分比percent百分点percentage百分位数percentile排列permutation组合combination概率，或然率probability分布distribution正态分布normal distribution非正态分布abnormal distribution图表graph条形统计图bar graph柱形统计图histogram折线统计图broken line graph曲线统计图curve diagram扇形统计图pie diagram专业术语词汇代数部分1.有关数学运算add，plus加subtract减difference差multiply,times乘product积divide除divisible可被整除的dividedevenly被整除dividend被除数，红利divisor因子，除数quotient商remainder 余数factorial阶乘power乘方radicalsign,rootsign根号roundto四舍五入tothenearest四舍五入2.有关集合union并集proper subset真子集solution set解集3. 有关代数式、方程和不等式algebraic term代数项like terms,similar terms同类项numerical coefficient数字系数literal coefficient字母系数inequality不等式triangle inequality三角不等式range值域original equation原方程equivalent equation同解方程，等价方程linear equation线性方程(e.g.5 x +6=22)4. 有关分数和小数proper fraction真分数improper fraction假分数mixed number带分数vulgar fraction，common fraction普通分数simple fraction简分数complex fraction繁分数numerator分子denominator分母(least)common denominator（最小）公分母quarter四分之一decimal fraction纯小数infinite decimal无穷小数recurring decimal循环小数tenthsunit十分位5.基本数学概念arithmetic mean算术平均值weighted average加权平均值geometric mean几何平均数exponent指数，幂base乘幂的底数,底边cube立方数，立方体square root平方根cube root立方根common logarithm常用对数digit数字constant常数variable变量inversefunction反函数complementary function余函数linear一次的，线性的factorization 因式分解absolute value绝对值，e.g.｜-32｜=32 round off四舍五入6. 有关数论natural number自然数positive number正数negative number负数odd integer,odd number奇数even integer,even number偶数integer,whole number整数positive whole number正整数negative whole number负整数consecutive number连续整数rea lnumber,rational number实数,有理数irrational（number）无理数inverse倒数composite number合数e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15…… prime number质数e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15……注意：所有的质数(2除外)都是奇数，但奇数不一定是质数reciprocal倒数common divisor公约数multiple倍数(least)common multiple(最小)公倍数(prime)factor(质)因子common factor公因子ordinaryscale,decimalscale十进制nonnegative非负的tens十位units个位mode众数median中数common ratio公比7. 数列arithmetic progression(sequence)等差数列geometric progression(sequence)等比数列8. 其它approximate近似(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向cardinal基数ordinal序数directproportion正比distinct不同的estimation估计，近似parentheses括号proportion比例permutation排列combination组合table表格trigonometric function三角函数unit单位,位几何部分1.所有的角alternate angle内错角corresponding angle同位角vertical angle对顶角central angle圆心角interior angle内角exterior angle外角supplement aryangles补角complement aryangle余角adjacent angle邻角acute angle锐角obtuse angle钝角right angle直角round angle周角straight angle平角included angle夹角2. 所有的三角形equilateral triangle等边三角形scalene triangle不等边三角形isosceles triangle等腰三角形right triangle直角三角形oblique斜三角形inscribed triangle内接三角形3. 有关收敛的平面图形，除三角形外semicircle半圆concentric circles同心圆quadrilateral四边形pentagon五边形hexagon六边形heptagon七边形octagon八边形nonagon九边形decagon十边形polygon多边形parallelogram平行四边形equilateral等边形plane平面square正方形，平方rectangle长方形regular polygon正多边形rhombus菱形trapezoid梯形4. 其它平面图形arc弧line,straight line直线line segment线段parallel lines平行线segment of a circle弧形5. 有关立体图形cube立方体，立方数rectangular solid长方体regular solid/regular polyhedron正多面体circular cylinder圆柱体cone圆锥sphere球体solid立体的6. 有关图形上的附属物altitude高depth深度side边长circumference,perimeter周长radian弧度surface area表面积volume体积arm直角三角形的股cros ssection横截面center of acircle圆心chord弦radius 半径angle bisector角平分线diagonal对角线diameter直径edge棱face of a solid立体的面hypotenuse斜边included side夹边leg三角形的直角边medianofatriangle三角形的中线base底边，底数（e.g.2的5次方，2就是底数）opposite直角三角形中的对边midpoint中点endpoint端点vertex(复数形式vertices)顶点tangent切线的transversal截线intercept截距7. 有关坐标coordinate system坐标系rectangular coordinate直角坐标系origin原点abscissa横坐标ordinate纵坐标numberline数轴quadrant象限slope斜率complex plane复平面8. 其它plane geometry平面几何trigonometry三角学bisect平分circumscribe外切inscribe内切intersect相交perpendicular垂直pythagorean theorem勾股定理congruent全等的multilateral 多边的其它1. 单位类cent美分penny一美分硬币nickel5美分硬币dime一角硬币dozen打（12个）score廿(20个) Centigrade摄氏Fahrenheit华氏quart夸脱gallon加仑(1gallon=4quart) yard码meter米micron微米inch英寸foot英尺minute分(角度的度量单位，60分=1度) squaremeasure平方单位制cubicmeter立方米pint品脱(干量或液量的单位)2. 有关文字叙述题，主要是有关商业intercalary year(leapyear)闰年(366天) common year平年(365天) depreciation折旧down payment直接付款discount打折margin利润profit利润interest利息simple interest单利compounded interest复利dividend红利decrease to减少到decrease by减少了increase to增加到increase by增加了denote表示list price标价markup涨价per capita每人ratio比率retail price零售价tie打平数学学科名称翻译数学分析Mathematical Analysis实变函数Functions of Real Variable泛函分析Functional Analysis极限分析Limit Analysis复变函数Complex Variables Functions线性代数Linear Algebra高等代数Advanced Algebra近世代数Modern Algebra抽象代数Abstract Algebra集合论与代数结构Set Theory & Algebraical Structure常微分方程Ordinary Differentical Equations偏微分方程Partial Differential Equation偏微分方程数值解Numerical Solution of Partial Differential Equation微分方程Differential Equation微分方程数值解Numerical solution of partial defferential equatio数理方程Mathematical Equations数理方程积分变换Integral Transmission of Mathematical Equation数理方程与特殊函数Equations of Mathmatical Physics & Special Functions 变分法与张量Calculus of Variations & Tensor变分学Calculus of Variations概率论Probability Theory概率与统计Probability & Statistics概率论与数理统计Probability Theory & Mathematical Statistics概率论与随机过程Probability Theory & Stochastic Process随机过程Stochastic Process & Time Series Analysis时间序列Time Sequence统计学Statistics多元统计分析Multi-Variate Statistical Analysis解析几何Analytic Geometry微分几何Defferential Geometry拓朴学Topology计算方法Computational Method数值分析Numerical Analysis数值计算Digital Computation计算力学Computational Mechanics计算力学基础Basis of Computational Mechanics计算流体Fluid Computation有限元法及应用Finite Element & its Application并行算法Parallel Algorithmic运筹学Operational Research最优化Optimum Theory最优化方法Optimal Method最优化基础Basis of Optimum数学规划Mathematical Planning线性规划Linear Programming非线性规划Non-Linear Programming动态规划Dynamic Programming数学模型Mathematical Modening多目标优化方法Multipurpose Optimal Method图论Graph Theory图论算法Algorithm on Graph Theory图论与组合Graphing & Grouping图论与组合优化Graphing & Optimal Grouping 随机运筹学Randomized Operational Research控制理论Theory of Control控制理论基础Elementary Theory of Control线性系统与分析Linear System & Analysis系统建模与响应System Modeling & Response 人工智能Artificial Intelligence最优控制Optimal Control信息论Informatics信息论与编码Informatics & Coding数理逻辑Mathematical Logic离散数学Discrete Mathematics模糊数学Fuzzy MathematicsC语言C LanguageC++程序设计C++ Program Designing。

数学符号和公式的英语读法如下：1.加号"+" 读作"plus"。

2.减号"-" 读作"minus"。

3.乘号"×" 读作"times"。

4.除号"÷" 读作"divided by"。

5.等号"=" 读作"equals"。

6.大于号">" 读作"greater than"。

7.小于号"<" 读作"less than"。

8.不等号"≠" 读作"not equal to"。

9.大于等于号"≥" 读作"greater than or equal to"。

10.小于等于号"≤" 读作"less than or equal to"。

11.约等于号"≈" 读作"approximately equals"。

12.百分号"%" 读作"percent"。

13.度数符号"°" 读作"degree"。

14.开方号"√" 读作"square root"。

15.正负号"±" 读作"plus or minus"。

16.正负平方根号"∛" 读作"cubed root"。

17.正负立方根号"∛" 读作"cubed root"。

1.Logic∃ there exist∀ for allp⇒q p implies q / if p, then qp⇔q p if and only if q /p is equivalent to q / p and q are equivalent 2.Setsx∈A x belongs to A / x is an element (or a member) of Ax∉A x does not belong to A / x is not an element (or a member) of AA⊂B A is contained in B / A is a subset of BA⊃B A contains B / B is a subset of AA∩B A cap B / A meet B / A intersection BA∪B A cup B / A join B / A union BA\B A minus B / the diference between A and BA×B A cross B / the cartesian product of A and B3. Real numbersx+1 x plus onex-1 x minus onex±1 x plus or minus onexy xy / x multiplied by y(x - y)(x + y) x minus y, x plus yx y x over y= the equals signx = 5 x equals 5 / x is equal to 5x≠5 x (is) not equal to 5x≡y x is equivalent to (or identical with) yx ≡ y x is not equivalent to (or identical with) yx > y x is greater than yx≥y x is greater than or equal to yx < y x is less than yx≤y x is less than or equal to y0 < x < 1 zero is less than x is less than 10≤x≤1 zero is less than or equal to x is less than or equal to 1 | x | mod x / modulus xx 2 x squared / x (raised) to the power 2x 3 x cubedx 4 x to the fourth / x to the power fourx n x to the nth / x to the power nx −n x to the (power) minus nx (square) root x / the square root of xx 3 cube root (of) xx 4 fourth root (of) xx n nth root (of) x( x+y ) 2 x plus y all squared( x y ) 2 x over y all squaredn! n factorialx ^ x hatx ¯ x barx ˜ x tildex i xi / x subscript i / x suffix i / x sub i∑ i=1 n a i the sum from i equals one to n a i / the sum as i runs fro m 1 to n of the a i4. Linear algebra‖ x ‖ the norm (or modulus) of xOA → OA / vector OAOA ¯ OA / the length of the segment OAA T A transpose / the transpose of AA −1 A inverse / the inverse of A5. Functionsf( x ) fx / f of x / the function f of xf:S→T a function f from S to Tx→y x maps to y / x is sent (or mapped) to yf'( x ) f prime x / f dash x / the (first) derivative of f with respect to xf''( x ) f double-prime x / f double-dash x / the second derivative of f with respect to xf'''( x ) triple-prime x / f triple-dash x / the third derivative of f with res pect to xf (4) ( x ) f four x / the fourth derivative of f with respect to x∂f∂ x 1 the partial (derivative) of f with respect to x1∂ 2 f ∂ x 1 2 the second partial (derivative) of f with respect to x1 ∫ 0 ∞ the integral from zero to infinitylim⁡ x→0 the limit as x approaches zerolim⁡ x→ 0 + the limit as x approaches zero from abovelim⁡ x→ 0 − the limit as x approaches zero from belowlog e y log y to the base e / log to the base e of y / natural log (of) yln⁡y log y to the base e / log to the base e of y / natural log (of) y。

17.2.1999/H.V¨a liahoPronunciation of mathematical expressionsThe pronunciations of the most common mathematical expressions are given in the list below.In general,the shortest versions are preferred(unless greater precision is necessary).1.Logic∃there exists∀for allp⇒q p implies q/if p,then qp⇔q p if and only if q/p is equivalent to q/p and q are equivalent2.Setsx∈A x belongs to A/x is an element(or a member)of Ax/∈A x does not belong to A/x is not an element(or a member)of AA⊂B A is contained in B/A is a subset of BA⊃B A contains B/B is a subset of AA∩B A cap B/A meet B/A intersection BA∪B A cup B/A join B/A union BA\B A minus B/the difference between A and BA×B A cross B/the cartesian product of A and B3.Real numbersx+1x plus onex−1x minus onex±1x plus or minus onexy xy/x multiplied by y(x−y)(x+y)x minus y,x plus yxx over yy=the equals signx=5x equals5/x is equal to5x=5x(is)not equal to5x≡y x is equivalent to(or identical with)yx≡y x is not equivalent to(or identical with)yx>y x is greater than yx≥y x is greater than or equal to yx<y x is less than yx≤y x is less than or equal to y0<x<1zero is less than x is less than10≤x≤1zero is less than or equal to x is less than or equal to1|x|mod x/modulus xx2x squared/x(raised)to the power2x3x cubedx4x to the fourth/x to the power fourx n x to the n th/x to the power nx−n x to the(power)minus n√x(square)root x/the square root of x√x cube root(of)x3√x fourth root(of)x4√x n th root(of)xn(x+y)2x plus y all squaredx y 2x over y all squaredn!n factorialˆx x hat¯x x bar˜x x tildex i xi/x subscript i/x suffix i/x sub ini=1a i the sum from i equals one to n a i/the sum as i runs from1to n of the a i4.Linear algebrax the norm(or modulus)of x−−→OA OA/vector OAOA OA/the length of the segment OAA T A transpose/the transpose of AA−1A inverse/the inverse of A5.Functionsf(x)fx/f of x/the function f of xf:S→T a function f from S to Tx→y x maps to y/x is sent(or mapped)to yf (x)f prime x/f dash x/the(first)derivative of f with respect to xf (x)f double–prime x/f double–dash x/the second derivative of f withrespect to xf (x)f triple–prime x/f triple–dash x/the third derivative of f with respectto xf(4)(x)f four x/the fourth derivative of f with respect to x∂f∂x1the partial(derivative)of f with respect to x1∂2f ∂x1the second partial(derivative)of f with respect to x1∞0the integral from zero to infinitylimx→0the limit as x approaches zerolimx→+0the limit as x approaches zero from abovelimx→−0the limit as x approaches zero from belowlog e y log y to the base e/log to the base e of y/natural log(of)yln y log y to the base e/log to the base e of y/natural log(of)yIndividual mathematicians often have their own way of pronouncing mathematical expres-sions and in many cases there is no generally accepted“correct”pronunciation. Distinctions made in writing are often not made explicit in speech;thus the sounds fx may be interpreted as any of:fx,f(x),f x,F X,F X,−−→F X.The difference is usually made clear by the context;it is only when confusion may occur,or where he/she wishes to emphasise the point,that the mathematician will use the longer forms:f multiplied by x,the function f of x,f subscript x,line F X,the length of the segment F X,vector F X.Similarly,a mathematician is unlikely to make any distinction in speech(except sometimes a difference in intonation or length of pauses)between pairs such as the following:x+(y+z)and(x+y)+z√ax+b and√a n−1and a n−1The primary reference has been David Hall with Tim Bowyer,Nucleus,English for Science and Technology,Mathematics,Longman1980.Glen Anderson and Matti Vuorinen have given good comments and supplements.。

常见希腊字母读法＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝音标读法：＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝Αα alpha 角度；系数Ββ beta 磁通系数；角度；系数Γγ gamma 电导系数（小写）Γδ delta 变动；密度；屈光度Δε,e epsilon 对数之基数Εδ zeta 系数；方位角；阻抗；相对粘度；原子序数Ζε eta 磁滞系数；效率（小写）Θζ,ζ theta 温度；相位角∏π pi 圆周÷直径=3.1416Ρξ,ξ rho 电阻系数（小写）∑ζ,s sigma 总和（大写），表面密度；跨导（小写）Φθ phi 磁通；角Χψ psi 角速；介质电通量（静电力线）；角Ψω omega 欧姆（大写）；角速（小写）；角＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝中文拼音读法＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝A α阿尔法B β贝塔Γγ伽玛Γδ德尔塔Δε伊普西隆Εδ泽塔Ζε伊塔Θζ西塔Ηη约塔Κθ卡帕∧ι兰姆达Μκ米欧Νλ纽Ξμ克西Ον欧米克隆∏π派Ρξ柔∑ζ西格玛Τη陶Υυ玉普西隆Φθ弗爱Φχ凯Χψ普赛Ψω奥米伽数学公式的英语读法1.Logic∃there exist∀for allp⇒qp im plies q / if p, then qp⇔qp if and only if q /p is equivalent to q / p and q are equivalent 2.Setsx∈Ax belongs to A / x is an elem ent (or a m em ber) of Ax∉Ax does not belong to A / x is not an elem ent (or a m em ber) of A A⊂BA is contained in B / A is a subset of BA⊃BA contains B / B is a subset of AA∩BA cap B / A m eet B / A intersection BA∪BA cup B / A join B / A union BA\BA m inus B / the diference between A and BA×BA cross B / the cartesian product of A and B3. Real numbersx+1x plus onex-1x m inus onex±1x plus or m inus onexyxy / x m ultiplied by y(x-y)(x+y)x m inus y, x plus y=the equals signx=5x equals 5 / x is equal to 5x≠5x (is) not equal to 5x≡yx is equivalent to (or identical wi th) yx>yx is greater than yx≥yx is greater than or equal to yx<yx is less than yx≤yx is less than or equal to y0<x<1zero is less than x is less than 10≤x≤1zero is less than or equal to x is less than or equal to 1|x|m od x / m odulus xx2x squared / x (raised) to the power 2x3x cubedx4x to the fourth / x to the power 4x n x to the nth / x to the power nx (−n)x to the (power) m inus nx的平方根(square) root x / the square root of xx的三次根cube root (of) xx的四次根fourth root (of) xx的n次根nth root (of) x(x+y)2x plus y all squaredn!n factorialx^x hatx¯x barx˜x tildex i xi / x subscript i / x suffix i / x sub i∑(i=1~n) a i the sum from i equals one to n a i / the sum as i runs from 1 to n of the a i 4. Linear algebra‖x‖the norm (or m odulus) of xOA→OA / vector OAOA¯OA / the length of the segm ent OAA T A transpose / the transpose of AA−1A inverse / the inverse of A5. Functionsf(x)fx / f of x / the function f of xf:S→Ta function f from S to Tx→yx m aps to y / x is sent (or m apped) to yf’(x)f prim e x / f dash x / the (first) derivative of f with respect to xf”(x)f double-prim e x / f double-dash x / the second derivative of f with respect to xf”’(x)triple-prim e x / f triple-dash x / the third derivative of f wi th respect to x f (4) (x)f four x / the fourth derivative of f with respect to x∂f/∂x1the partial (derivative) of f with respect to x1∂2f/∂x12the second partial (derivative) of f wi th respect to x1∫0∞the integral from zero to infinitylim x→0the limit as x approaches zerolim x→0+the lim it as x approaches zero from abovelim x→0−the lim it as x approaches zero from belowlog e ylog y to the base e / log to the base e of y / natural log (of) ylnylog y to the base e / log to the base e of y / natural log (of) y。