煤化工英语

煤化工的意义英语作文初三The Significance of Coal Chemical Industry。

Coal chemical industry refers to the use of coal as raw materials to produce various chemical products, including synthetic ammonia, methanol, synthetic fiber, synthetic resin, and so on. It is an important part of the chemical industry and plays a vital role in the national economy.First of all, coal chemical industry is an effective way to utilize coal resources. China is rich in coal resources, but the use of coal has caused serious environmental pollution, such as greenhouse gas emissions, acid rain, and land subsidence. Coal chemical industry can not only reduce the environmental impact of coal mining but also promote the comprehensive utilization of coal resources, which is of great significance for energy conservation and emission reduction.Secondly, coal chemical industry can promote thedevelopment of related industries. The production of chemical products requires a large amount of raw materials, energy, and other resources, which can drive the development of coal mining, transportation, machinery, and other industries. At the same time, the development of coal chemical industry can also promote the upgrading of traditional industries and the transformation of the economic structure.Thirdly, coal chemical industry can provide employment opportunities and increase income. The development of coal chemical industry can create a large number of jobs, especially for the local residents in coal-rich areas. In addition, the increase in output value of coal chemical products can also bring considerable economic benefits to the country and the people.However, the development of coal chemical industry also faces many challenges. On the one hand, the production process of coal chemical industry is complex and requires a high level of technology and management. On the other hand, the environmental impact of coal chemical industry is alsoa major concern. The discharge of pollutants may cause serious harm to the environment and human health. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen environmental protection measures and promote the sustainable development of coal chemical industry.In conclusion, coal chemical industry is of great significance to the national economy and social development. We should make full use of coal resources, promote the development of coal chemical industry, and strive toachieve sustainable development. At the same time, weshould also pay attention to environmental protection, improve the level of technology and management, and promote the transformation and upgrading of the industry.。

品质人员名称类QC quality control 品质管理人员FQC final quality control 终点品质管制人员IPQC in process quality control 制程中的品质管制人员OQC output quality control 最终出货品质管制人员IQC incoming quality control 进料品质管制人员TQC total quality control 全面质量管理POC passage quality control 段检人员QA quality assurance 质量保证人员OQA output quality assurance 出货质量保证人员QE quality engineering 品质工程人员品质保证类FAI first article inspection 新品首件检查FAA first article assurance 首件确认TVR tool verification report 模具确认报告3B 3B 模具正式投产前确认CP capability index 能力指数CPK capability index of process 模具制程能力参数SSQA standardized supplier quality 合格供应商品质评估OOBA out of box audit 开箱检查QFD quality function deployment 品质机能展开FMEA failure model effectiveness analysis 失效模式分析8 disciplines 8项回复内容FA final audit 最後一次稽核CAR corrective action request 改正行动要求corrective action report 改正行动报告FQC运作类AQL Acceptable Quality Level 运作类允收品质水准S/S Sample size 抽样检验样本大小ACC Accept 允收REE Reject 拒收CR Critical 极严重的MAJ Major 主要的MIN Minor 轻微的AOQ Average Output Quality 平均出厂品质AOQL Average Output Quality Level 平均出厂品质Q/R/S Quality/Reliability/Service 品质/可靠度服务MIL-STD Military-Standard 军用标准S I-S IV Special I-Special IV 特殊抽样水准等级P/N Part Number 料号L/N Lot Number 特采AOD Accept On Deviation 特采UAI Use As It 首件检查报告FPIR First Piece Inspection Report 百万分之一PPM Percent Per Million 批号制程统计品管专类SPC Statistical Process Control 统计制程管制SQC Statistical Quality Control 统计品质管制R Range 全距AR Averary Range 全距平均值UCL Upper Central Limit 管制上限LCL Lower Central Limit 管制下限MAX Maximum 最大值MIN Minimum 最小值GRR Gauge Reproducibility&Repeatability 量具之再制性及重测性判断量可靠与否DIM Dimension 尺寸DIA Diameter 直径FREQ Frequency 频率N Number 样品数其它品质术语类QCC Quality Control Circle 品质圈QIT Quality Improvement Team 品质改善小组PDCA Plan Do Check Action 计划执行检查总结ZD Zero Defect 零缺点QI Quality Improvement 品质改善QP Quality Policy 目标方针TQM Total Quality Management 全面品质管理MRB Material Reject Bill 退货单LQL Limiting Quality Level 最低品质水准RMA Return Material Audit 退料认可QAN Quality Amelionrate Notice 品质改善活动ADM Absolute Dimension Measuremat 全尺寸测量QT Quality T arget 品质目标7QCTools 7 Quality Controll Tools 品管七大手法通用之件类ECN Engineering Change Notes 工程变更通知(供应商)ECO Engineering Change Order 工程改动要求(客户)PCN Process Change Notice 工序改动通知PMP Product Management Plan 生产管制计划SIP Specification In Process 制程检验规格SOP Standard Operation Procedure 制造作业规范IS Inspection Specification 成品检验规范BOM Bill Of Material 物料清单PS Package Specification 包装规范SPEC Specification 规格DWG Drawing 图面系统文件类QC Quality System 品质系统ES Engineering Standarization 工程标准CGOO China General PCE龙华厂文件H Huston (美国)休斯敦C Compaq (美国)康伯公司C China 中国大陆A Assembly 组装(厂)S Stamping 冲压(厂)P Painting 烤漆(厂)I Intel 英特尔公司T TAIWAN 台湾IWS International Workman Standard 工艺标准ISO International Standard Organization 国际标准化组织GS General Specification 一般规格CMCS C-China M-Manufact C-Compaq S-Stamping Compaq产品在龙华冲压厂制造作业规范CQCA Q-Quality A-Assembly Compaq产品在龙华组装厂品管作业规范CQCP P-Painting Compaq产品在龙华烤漆厂品管作业规范部类PMC Production & Material Control 生产和物料控制PPC Production Plan Control 生产计划控制MC Material Control 物料控制ME Manafacture Engineering 制造工程部PE Project Engineering 产品工程部A/C Accountant Dept 会计部P/A Personal & Administration 人事行政部DC Document Center 资料中心QE Quality Engineering 品质工程(部)QA Quality Assurance 品质保证(处)QC Quality Control 品质管制(课)PD Product Department 生产部LAB Labratry 实验室IE Industrial Engineering 工业工程R&D Research & Design 设计开发部P Painting 烤漆(厂)A Asssembly 组装(厂)S Stamping 冲压(厂)。

1. **Synthetic Methanol (CH3OH):** Synthesized mainly from coal gasification, methanol is a fundamental feedstock for various chemicals and fuel additives. It adheres to ASTM D1152-17 for purity standards.2. **Syrngas (CO + H2):** A mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen produced during coal gasification, syngas serves as a precursor for many chemicals including ammonia, methanol, and synthetic fuels. Its composition is crucial for downstream processes and must meet specific requirements depending on the intended product.3. **Ammonia (NH3):** Produced through the Haber-Bosch process using syngas, ammonia is a key ingredient in fertilizers and explosives. The purity standard typically follows ISO 20648:2017.4. **Urea (NH2CONH2):** Derived from ammonia and carbon dioxide, urea is the world’s most widely used nitrogenous fertilizer. Quality control adheres to ISO 2170:2014 for granular urea.5. **Dimethyl Ether (C2H6O):** Known as DME, it's a clean-burning alternative fuel that can be synthesized from coal. The production and usage standards align with ASTM D7901-18.6. **Ethylene (C2H4):** Although not directly from coal, ethylene can be derived via oxidative coupling of methane which can come from coal gasification. Ethylene is a vital building block for plastics and polymers, with standards outlined in ASTM D1945-19.7. **Synthetic Natural Gas (SNG - Mainly CH4):** SNG, often composed primarily of methane, can be produced from coal to replace conventional natural gas. Quality specifications mirror those of pipeline natural gas under ASTM D1945 or ISO 13686.8. **Coal Tar (Complex Mixture):** A byproduct of coke production, coal tar contains various hydrocarbons and has numerous applications such as road surfacing and pharmaceuticals. Each component has its own quality standards.9. **Coke (Primarily C):** High-carbon content solid residue derived from coking coal, used in steelmaking and other metallurgical processes. Its qualityis measured according to ISO 11901:2010.10. **Coal Bed Methane (CBM - CH4):** While not a product of traditional coal processing, CBM is a form of natural gas found adsorbed onto coal seams. It meets the same specifications as natural gas per ASTM D1945.In terms of high-quality and high-standard coal chemical production, factors include efficient conversion processes, strict environmental controls, waste minimization, and stringent product purity measures. Advanced technologies like cleaner coal utilization and carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) are essential to meeting these standards while minimizing environmental impacts.Moreover, safety protocols, energy efficiency, and life cycle assessments also contribute to the overall quality of coal chemical products. Adhering to international standards ensures consistency and compatibility across different markets and industries, making coal chemistry a sustainable and valuable part of the global chemical industry despite the ongoing shift towards renewable resources.For each of these products, the detailed analysis would delve into the specifics of manufacturing processes, yield optimization, byproduct management, and environmental impact mitigation strategies – all critical aspects of achieving high-quality, high-standard coal chemical products.。

Abatement消除Abbreviated:缩写Accumulating累加，积累Accurate procedure 精确的程序Acetic acid:醋酸Acid anhydride:酸酐Acidic catalyst：酸性催化剂Acidic:酸的Acquainted熟识的；知晓的；Adapter:接头Additively:附加地Adiponitrile：己二腈Adjacent:临近的Adjustment:调整Aldehyde: 醛Aldehyde：醛，醛类Aldo sugar：醛糖Aldohexose:己醛醣Aldopentose:戊醛糖Aldotetrose:丁醛糖Alertness:警戒，机敏Alkaline碱性的Alkaloids:生物碱Alkyl group:烷基Alkylation:烷化Allotropes:同素异形体Allylic bromide:丙烯基溴Alphabetically照字母顺序排列地Aluminium fluoride氟化铝Aluminium hydrofluoride氢氟化铝Amazed:使吃惊Ambiphilic：两亲的Amine：胺Ammonia：氨水Ammonia：氨Anhydrous：无水的Anti-tumor: 抗癌Apparatus装置，设备；仪器Appointment约定Aqueous layer水层Arsenic砷Atmospheric大气压Audience观众；听众；读者；接见Auxiliary辅助的；副的；附加的Axial-flow-packed-bed reactor轴向流固定床反应器Axially:轴向方向Azide: 叠氮化物Backer支持者；赞助人；援助者Backyard后院Basis：基Batch：批，批量Batch-flow间歇流Beaker烧杯Beaker烧杯Bellcore贝尔通信实验室Beneath在…下方Beverage饮料Beverage饮料Bioinorganic compound 生物无机化合物Bioreactor:生物反应器Biotechnology：生物技术Bizarre:奇怪的Blur:模糊Boiler firing configuration 锅炉燃烧配置Boiler furnace 锅炉燃烧室Boiling stone：沸石Bonded 结合的Bound约束Branched alkane:支链烷烃Brand new:全新的；崭新的Bromination溴化Bromine source溴源Build up增强Bulb洗耳球Bunsen-grove-battery本生葛洛夫电池Buret滴定管Burner 燃烧器Butyric acid:丙酸Cacao bean：可可豆Caffeine咖啡因Calculator计算器Capabilities：能力Capillary tube：毛细管Caprolactam:己内酰胺Captain队长，首领；船长；上尉；海军上校Carbon dioxide：干冰Carbonate碳酸盐Carbonhydrate:碳水化合物Carbonyl:羰基Catalytic催化Caustic soda 苛性钠Cell culture：细胞培养Cellulose：纤维素Central nervous system 中枢神经系统cGMP动态药品生产管理规范Chalcogenide硫属化物Chamber：室，膛；房间Charge 充电Chiral amine:手性胺Chiral:手性Chloride：氯化物Chlorination:氯化作用Chloroform氯仿Chromatography:色谱分析法Circulate：流通Circumvent回避，绕开Claim要求；声称；索赔；断言；值得Clamp：夹Clay crucible 粘土坩埚Clay-lined粘土内衬的Clumsy:笨拙的，不得当的Coal plant:火力发电厂Coil:线圈Cola nut：可乐坚果Column：柱Combined cycle复合循环Combined extract混合提取物Commercialized:商业化的Communities社区；团体，群体Comparable:可比较的Complex:复杂的Complex:络合物Compositional name化学成分名称Configuration配置，结构Conserve保护Constitutional构成的? Continuously stirred tank reactor连续搅拌箱式反应器Contraction force:收缩力Conventional wisdom:传统智慧，传统观点；世俗认知Correspondence to ：一致Corundum:刚玉Counterpart:配对物Craftsman:工匠Crash out：析出；Criteria:标准Crosslinked enzyme crystal:交联酶晶体Crude:粗糙的Cryogenic temperature:制冷温度，低温度Cryolite:冰晶石Cryolite:冰晶石Culminate:到绝顶；达到高潮；达到顶点Cyanide氰化物cyclic alkane:环烷烃Cyclohexanone:环己酮Cyclone:旋风除尘器Cyclopropylamine=cyro+prop ylamine环丙胺Cyclopropylcarboxamide:环丙酰胺Cylindrica:圆柱形的Cylindrical:圆柱形的Decoration:装饰装潢Degussa:(Degussa)人名；(法)德居萨Dehydration：脱水Deionize vt.除去离子；消电离Deionized water:去离子水Derived from 来源于Desiccator:干燥器Designation: 表示Desulfarator 去硫反应器Devised 设计Dialkyl zinc二烃基锌Diazomethane重氮甲烷Dichloroformethane二氯甲烷Dichloromethane:二氯甲烷Discharge 放电Discharge-recharge-cycle放电充电循环Diselenide联硒化物Disposable pipet一次性移液管Disseminated:传播的Disulfide:二硫化物Disulphide 二硫化物Dithioketal二硫缩酮Diuretic利尿剂Dose剂量Dozen of很多个Drain：排干Drainage排水Drop-wise一滴一滴的Drowsiness睡意Dynamo发电机Education institution教育机构Efficient operatio运行高效Eelectrochemical Intercalation电化学嵌入Electrode电极Electrofilter 电除尘器Electrolysi:电解Electrolyte:电解液Electrolyte 电解液Electronic-miniaturization 小型电子化Electrophile:亲电子试剂Embarked:从事，着手Emphasis 重点End of pipe 结束于烟管Energy-conservation-measur e:能源节约手段Entrepreneur:企业家Envisage正视，面对；想像Enzymatic transformation：酶转化Enzyme酶Enzymatic酶的Epoxide环氧化物Equilibrium平衡Equivalence point平衡点Erlenmeyer flask锥形瓶Erythrose:赤藓糖Ester：脂Ethanol：乙醇Ether：乙醚Ethyl acetate:乙酸乙酯Eventual最后的，结果的；Exceptionally异常地；特殊地；例外地Excimer：基态原子Exciplex laser:复合受激态激光器Exclusively唯一地；专有地；Exhilarating令人兴奋的Exothermic放热的Exothermic放热的Experimentalist实验者Extension clamp牵引夹External circuit 外部电路Extract 榨出物Extracted引出的Extraction脱出Faucet旋塞Feasibility可行性Fed-batch分批式Fermentation发酵Fervently热心地；热诚地Fiery炽热的Filter flask过滤烧瓶Filter funnel滤过漏斗Filtration:过滤Finger condenser指型冷凝管Finger cot：手套Firmly稳固地First ionization potential：第一电离电位Flask长颈瓶Flexibility柔性，弹性Flue烟道；暖气管Fluidized bed流化床Fluorinating reagent氟化剂Fluorine氟Fluorouracil氟尿嘧啶Focus焦点Formulae Formula的复数Fragile：脆的；易碎的Framework structure 架状结构Framework框架，骨架；Frozen argon冷冻的氩Fructose果糖Frying pan:煎锅;长柄平底锅Fuel-bound 与燃料结合的Full bore全通，最大量Full suction全力抽吸Functional moieties of phenolphthaleinFunnel漏斗urfuryl alcohol糠醇，呋喃甲醇Galactose:半乳糖Ganged syringe pump联合注射泵Gasifier 汽化炉Gel-coated凝胶镀膜的Gentle suction缓慢抽吸Germanide锗化物GermideGet rid of除去Gluconic acid葡萄糖酸Glucose葡萄糖fructose果糖Glucose葡萄糖Glycerin甘油Glycose单糖Glycosidic:糖苷的Glycosidic:糖苷的；配糖的Glycosyl glycoside配糖Glycosyl:糖基Gravimetric energy density 质量比能量，能量密度Gravity filtration重力过滤Grayish浅灰色的Ground研磨（grind的过去分词）Guarantee确保Gypsum石膏halogens 卤素Hand cast手工铸造Helical teflon螺旋状特氟龙Helium氦Helsinki赫尔辛基（芬兰首都）Hemiacetal半缩醛Heteroatom杂质原子Heterocycle杂环化合物Hexagonal六角的Hexane正己烷Hofmann霍夫曼Holder持有者，拥有者Hot water bath水浴（热）hue色调，色彩Hurdle障碍Hybrid混合的，杂化的Hydrate水合物Hydrocarbon碳氢化合物Hydrochloric-acid盐酸Hydrochloric acid盐酸Hydroelectricity水电Hydrogen peroxide过氧化氢Hydrogenase enzyme氢化酶Hydrogenation:氢化作用Hydrolysis:水解作用Hydrolytic-kinetic Resolution水解动力学拆分Hydrolytic:水解作用的Hydrolyze: 水解Hypothesize:假定Immediate立即的，直接的Immobilized固定化的Immobilized catalysts固载化催化剂Impart给予，告知Impeccable无瑕疵的，没有缺点的Implantable可植入的Impose 加强，强加Incorporate合并，混合Incorporating合并的Increment增量Increment增量Indicator指示剂Industrial scale 工业规模Industrialist实业家；工业家Ingredient原料，要素，组成部分Injection 注射Inlet入口Insertion插入；嵌入；插入物Insomnia失眠Instantly 立刻Instant瞬间的Intercalation compound夹层化合物，嵌入化合物Interior内部的Intermediate中间物，媒介Internal configuration内部构型International-initiative国际倡议Intimate mixing均匀混合Intriguing有趣的，吸引人的Inventor发明家；发明人；创造者Iodide碘化物bromide溴化物Iosdine碘Irreversible不可逆的Isobutane异丁烷Isocyanate异氰酸盐Isomer同分异构体Isomerization异构化Italicise用Jerk猝然一动[颤动]Junior年少者，晚辈；地位较低者；大学三年级学生Keto sugar酮糖Ketoester酮酯Ketohexose:已酮糖Ketone: 酮Ketones and aldehydes 酮类和醛类Krypton氪Kyoto protocol京都议定书Label标记Lactose乳糖Latex tubing乳胶管latticework格子Launch开始；下水；起飞；发射；Launch发起Legacy遗迹Legislation立法；法律Ligand配合基Lighting rod system避雷针Lime石灰Line内衬Linger徘徊，逗留Linkage结合Lipid脂类Log记录；Lubricant润滑剂Lustrous有光泽的Lustrous有光泽的；光辉的Magnesium chloride melt 氯化镁熔融物Malformation畸形Maltose麦芽糖Manganese锰Mannose甘露糖Margin空白Materialized使物质化，使具体化Matrix基质Medical therapy医药治疗Membrane薄膜Membrane薄膜memorable experiment纪念意义的实验Meniscus弯液面Mentor指导者Mercury bulb:水银球Mercury 水银Merging合并；归并Metabolite代谢物Metallurgical冶金的Metastable亚稳的，介稳的methanol甲醇Methanol甲醇Methlxanthines甲基黄嘌呤碱Methyl tert-butyl ether:甲基叔丁醚Meticulous一丝不苟的；小心翼翼的Microburner微焰灯Microlithography显微光刻法Microporous多微孔的Microreactor微反应器Microreactor微型反应器Microscopic微观的Microseparator微型分离器Microtechnology微加工技术Milliliter毫升Miniaturized小型化Minireactor 微型反应器Miscible易混溶的Mitigate使缓和，使减轻Modicum少量，一点点Monochromatic 单色的Monocyclic单环的Monosaccharide单糖Monosaccharride residue单糖残基Monosaccharride residue单糖残基Monument纪念碑Mount安装Nanofiltration纳米过滤Naphthalene卫生球Narrow-bore tube小直径管Near ultraviolet近紫外Neat condition洁净的条件下Neon氖Neoprene adapter氯丁橡胶转接器Neutralization中和Neutralize中和(动词) Nickname绰号Nitration硝化Nitric oxide氧化一氮Nitrile腈，腈类Nitrous acid亚硝酸nitric acid硝酸Nitrous oxide一氧化二氮Nobel Laureate诺贝尔奖获得者Nomenclature命名法Nonrusting不生锈的Non-solvent非溶剂Nucleic acid核酸Nucleophile亲核试剂Oberlin university奥伯林大学Olefin烯烃Oligome r低聚物Oligomer低聚物Oligonucleotide寡核苷酸Oligosaccharide寡糖Oligosaccharide寡糖On a space-time basis从时空上On a tonnage basis以吨计On its side在其一侧Opening开口Optimal condition最适条件Optimal yield最佳生产Ore矿；矿石Organometallic compound有机金属化合物Organoselenium有机硒Organosulfur:有机硫Ornament装饰；装饰物；Ounce盎司Overcharge 过充Over-discharge过放电Overfilling过量装满，溢出Overflow溢出Oxidant氧化剂Oxidize氧化Oxidizing氧化的，氧化作用Oxidizing氧化的；氧化作用Participant 参与者Particulate微粒，微粒状物质Pasteur pipet巴氏吸管Patent examiner专利审查员PCR amplification聚合酶链式反应扩增Pearson symbol皮尔逊记号，Pentavalent五价的Pentose戊糖Peptide缩氨酸Perkadox二叔丁基过氧化异丙基苯Perkin medal珀金奖章Peroxide过氧化物Perspective观点；远景；透视图Pharmaceutical制药Pharmaceutical制药Phenolic酚类化合物Phenolphthalein酚酞Phenylselenol苯硒酚Phosgene光气Phosphorus磷Phosphorus磷Photobromination= Photo+bromination 光溴化反应Photochemical光化学的Photolytic光解的Photon光子Pilot plant试验工场pilot plant试验工场Pink粉红色Pinpoint查明Pipet移液管Pitfall陷阱Pittsburgh匹兹堡Pivotal关键的Plant工厂Plastic塑性的Plug flow reactor活塞流动反应器Plug flow reactor活塞流反应器PM 细颗粒Polarity极性Pollutant污染物Polyacrylate resin聚丙烯酸树脂Polymer-bound聚合物类Polymorph同质多晶体Polymorphism同质多晶Polyolefin聚烯烃Pop ca易拉罐Portable便携的Portion一部分Post-treatment 后处理Potential潜能；可能性；[电] 电势Pound [pa?nd]磅precede先于Precedence优先Precision engineering精密工程Preclude排除precursor先驱Preferably较好Pregnant怀孕Pressurized增压；密封；Prior先前，在此之前Priority优先；优先权；[数]优先次序Prismatic棱柱的Proceeding进行；程序；诉讼；事项Process control过程控制Process stream工艺物料流Processing流程，处理Pronounced显着的Propane丙烷Propensity倾向Propionic acid 丙酸Propylamine丙胺proximity接近Public awarenes公众意识Pulse脉冲Pulverized fuel station 煤粉电站Pulverized-coal煤粉Purification提纯；Purified使纯净；Purine嘌呤Purple紫色的pursue从事，进行Pyramid金字塔；角锥体Pyrimidine嘧啶Quantitative定量Quantum量子论Rack支架Radially放射状的Radical自由基Radical induced telomerization自由基诱导的调聚反应Radical initiator自由基引发剂Radon氡Raising capital融资Reaction pot反应罐Reagent试剂Recall回想Rechargeable可充电的Rechargeable可再充电的Recipient接受者recirculating再循环Recognition承认；赞誉Recommendation推荐Recrystallization再结晶；Reductive dimerization Acrylonitrile：还原二聚丙烯腈Regulation管理规则；校准Relaxant弛缓药Relentlessly坚韧地；不懈地；百折不挠地Remaining solvent剩下的试剂Replated错误Repulsive排斥的Residence time停留时间Residue残渣Resin-mediated epimerization树脂介导的差向异构化Resourceful足智多谋的Respiratory system呼吸系统Restlessness心神不定Reversible可逆的Rhodium铑Ribose核糖Ribos核糖Ribose核糖Ring clamp环形夹子Ring Stand环形架Rinse with漂洗Rubber ring橡胶圈rubber tubing橡胶管rusting 生锈的Nonrusting:不锈的 ; 防锈的Schematic示意的Scheme计划Scheme计划Scratch paper便签纸Scratch刮Scrub净化Scrubbed精制的，纯净的Scrubber洗涤器Scrubbing洗涤Seal密封Sec-phenethyl acetate；乙酸苯乙酯Seed：在这里是“晶核”的意思Selenaphenol:苯硒酚selenenyl halide卤化氢硒selenium equivalent of ehters and thioethers硒当量的酯和硫酯Selenol: 硒醇Selenone硒砜Selenoxide硒亚砜Semi-continuous半连续Semiprecious次珍贵的；准宝石的Senior上司；较年长者；毕业班学生Separator分离器Separatory funnel；分液漏斗Setup装置Side reaction副反应Side-arm filter flask侧壁过滤瓶Silane硅烷Silica gel硅胶Silicone oil硅油Siloxane硅氧烷Silvery globule银色的球状体Simulated moving bed chromatography模拟移动床色谱Sink洗涤槽Slurry浆体,悬浮液Sodium hydroxide氢氧化钠Sorbent吸附剂Sorbitol山梨醇Spark off激发Spatula药匙Specify指定；详细说明Spectroscopic光谱学的Split second一刹那，极快Split分裂Spontaneous自发的Spray喷雾Standardization标准化Standardized标准的Staple订书钉State of the art现有技术Static mixer静态混合器Steam superheater蒸汽过热器Steam蒸汽Stereochemistry立体化学Stereoisomer立体异构体Stick棍Stimulant兴奋剂Stirred bed reactor搅动床反应器Stoichiometric化学计量的Stoichiometry化学计量法Stopcock活塞，开关Stopper塞住Strength强度Stringent严厉的；迫切的Structurally在结构上Sublimation升华Sublime升华Substantially大幅度地Substituent取代基Substitutively代替地Subunit子单元Sucrose 蔗糖Sugar糖Suite（一套）家具;套房; sulfate硫酸盐Sulfone砜Sulfur硫Supercritical临界的Supercritical超临界的Supersaturate过饱和Supersaturated过饱和的；Suspension悬浮液Sustaining持续的Swell增强Swirl真空Swirl旋转Swollen肿胀的Systematic nomenclature:系统命名法Tabulated制成表的Tangential ultrafiltration 切向超滤Tannin鞣酸Tearing撕裂，撕开Terminology用词，命名法Test tube试管Tetrafluoroethylene四氟乙烯Tetrose 四糖Thermodynamic热力学的Thermometer温度计thiele tube熔点测定管Thiol硫醇Thiophenol苯硫酚Threose苏阿糖Thrill兴奋Throughput生产量tip off因倾斜而使得掉下来Titrant滴定剂Titrated substance 被滴定的物质Tonnage吨Torch火把Transition-metal过渡金属translucent透明的，半透明的Transportation运输Trap套子Tremor震颤Trial试验；审讯；努力；磨炼Trivial name惯用名Tubing管子Turbine涡轮；涡轮Ultra超级Ultraviolet紫外的；紫外线的Unacceptable yield不能接受的生产Uneven不均匀的Unit operation单元操作Uracil尿嘧啶Uranium铀Vacuum真空Variable可变的，变量的Variant变体；转化Versatility多功能性；多才多艺；用途广泛Vessel容器，器皿Viable可行的Vide infra参见下文Vision远景Visual视觉的visually视觉上Volatile挥发性Volatility挥发性Volatilized挥发的Volumetric测定体积的Walk-in hood：Waste container垃圾桶Watch glass载玻片Winding缠绕Withdrawn撤出Woodshed柴房Workup激发wurtzite纤锌Xanthine黄嘌呤Xenon氙Xylose木糖Zincblende闪锌矿。

一.专业名词解释动力煤：fuel coal；steam coal 水煤浆：coal water mixture 发热量：calorific value 实验室煤样：laboratory sample of coal 工业分析：proximate analysis 元素分析：ultimate analysis 挥发分：volatile matter 固定碳：fixed carbon 煤炭焦化：coal carbonization 孔隙率porosity 煤阶：rank 灰成分分析：ash analysis 粘结指数：caking index 干燥无灰基：dry ash-free basis 灰融融性：ash fusibility 洁净煤技术：clean coal technology炼焦配煤：coal blending for coking 煤炭气化：coal gasification 煤基活性炭：coal-based activated carbon 二.短语解释Coal formation 煤的作用Coal forming process 成煤作用Peatification 泥炭化作用metamorphism 变质作用三.文章中词语翻译The coalification process is, in essence (本质）, the progressive（渐进的，累进的）change in the plant debris as it becomes transformed from peat to lignite（褐煤）and then through the higher ranks （高阶）of coal （such as subbituminous （次烟煤）and bituminous （烟煤）coals）to anthracite （无烟煤）. The degree of coalification generally determines the rank of the coal, but the process is not a series of straightforward（简单的，直截了当的）chemical changes. For example, the metamorphism （变质作用）of the plant debris not only relies on （＝depend on）geological time(地质年代）but also on temperature and pressure.(P64)A. Clay Minerals (Aluminosilicates) 粘土矿物（铝硅酸盐）B. Quartz (Silica) 石英（硅石）C. Carbonate Minerals 碳酸盐矿物质D. Sulfur (Sulfide and Sulfate) Minerals 硫（硫化物和硫酸盐）矿物质(P72)Indeed, a high ash content also introduces additional problems such as a loss in the combustion efficiency (燃烧效率) as well as problems related to handling (处理) and disposing (处理) of larger amounts of mineral ash. Obviously, mineral matter in coal will (and often does) cause problems during utilization, and measures (措施) to counteract (抵消) any adverse effects (反作用，不利作用) that will arise from (起于) the presence (到场，存在) of the mineral matter are necessary. On the other hand, the potential benefits that could arise from the presence of this same mineral matter should not be ignored (忽视); catalytic effects (催化效果) in processes designed for the liquefaction (液化)and the gasification (气化) of coal may be cited (引用) as examples(P74)Products from coal pyrolysis （热解）Combustible Gases: hydrogen, methane（甲烷）, and carbon monoxide一氧化物as well as lesser amounts of hydrocarbons 碳氢化合物Tarry products迟延产品: small molecular volatile matters such as hydrocarbons, aromatics （芳族化合物）and their derivatives （衍生物）Coke: char residue which consists of carbon and mineral matter （矿物质）Carbon emission 碳排放量Carbon sequestration 碳封存IGCC plant 整体煤气化联合循环电厂 renewable energy 可再生能源Direct liquefaction technology 直接液化技术四：英译汉1.A definition of CoalCoal is a kind of sedimentary organic rock originating from ancient plant remains undergone complicatedly biochemical and physicochemical changes under certain climatic, biological, environmental and geological conditions.煤是一种由古代植物在一定的气候、生物、环境和地质条件下经历复杂的生物化学和物理化学作用而形成的沉积有机岩。

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ｍｉｄｄｌｅ　ｄｉｓｔｉｌｌａｔｅ　中间馏份　Ｍｉｔｉｇａｔｉｏｎ　减少，减排　Ｍｔｃｅ　一种能量单位　百万吨标煤　ＮＯｘ　氮氧化物　ｎｏｘｉｏｕｓ　ｍａｔｅｒｉａｌ　有害物质　Ｏｆｆ　ｔｈｅ　ｓｈｅｌｆ　现货供应　Ｏｎｅ－ｔｈｒｏｕｇｈ　ｄｅｓｉｇｎ　一次通过方式　Ｏｐｅｒａｔｉｎｇ　＆ｍａｉｎｔｅｎａｎｃｅ　／　Ｏ＆Ｍ　运行维护　Ｏｖｅｒｎｉｇｈｔ　隔夜　ｏｘｙｇｅｎａｔｅｄ　ｆｕｅｌ　氧化燃料　Ｏｘｙｇｅｎ－ｂｌｏｗｎ　ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　氧吹气化　Ｏｚｏｎｅ　臭氧　ｐａｒａｆｆｉｎ　石蜡　Ｐｉｌｏｔ　ｐｌａｎｔ　ｓｃａｌｅ　试验厂规模　ＰＭ　ｆｏｒ　ｐａｒｔｉｃｕｌａｔｅ　ｍａｔｔｅｒ　颗粒物　Ｐｏｌｙ－ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎ　多联产　Ｐｏｌｙ－ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎ　ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ　多联产技术　Ｐｏｗｅｒ　ｉｓｌａｎｄ　动力岛　ｐｏｗｅｒ　ｓｅｃｔｏｒ　电力行业　ｐｐｂ　ｌｅｖｅｌ　十亿分率水平　ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｉｚｅｄ　ｃａｎｉｓｔｅｒ　加压罐　Ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ　ｃｏｎｆｉｇｕｒａｔｉｏｎ　工艺配置　Ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ　ｈｅａｔ　工艺用热　Ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ　ｃｏｓｔ　生产成本　Ｐｒｏｐａｎｅ　丙烷　ｐｕｂｌｉｃ　ｇｏｏｄ　公共福利　Ｐｕｒｇｅ　ｇａｓ　净化气体　Ｑｕｅｎｃｈ　冷　Ｒｅａｃｔｉｏｎ　ｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｓ：　Ｐ　ｆｏｒ　ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ　Ｔ　ｆｏｒ　ｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅ　反应条件：　Ｐ　代表压力，Ｔ　代表温度　Ｒｅｃｙｃｌｅ　ｄｅｓｉｇｎ　循环方式　ｒｅｄｕｃｅ　还原；减少　ｒｅｆｉｎｅｒｙ　炼油　ｒｅｎｅｗａｂｌｅ　ｅｎｅｒｇｙ　可再生能源　ｒｅｓｉｄｕａｌ　渣油　Ｓａｔｕｒａｔｏｒ　饱和器　ｓｅｍｉ－ｒｅｆｉｎｅｄ　半精制的　Ｓｉｎｇｌｅ（ｏｒ　Ｏｎｅ）－ｐａｓｓ　ｃｏｎｖｅｒｓｉｏｎ　一次通过的转化率 １ Ｓｌｕｒｒｙ　浆　ＳＯ２　二氧化硫　ｓｏｃｉａｌ　ｃｏｓｔ　社会成本　Ｓｏｏｔ　烟灰　Ｓｐａｒｋ－ｉｇｎｉｔｉｏｎ　ｅｎｇｉｎｅ　火花引燃式发动机　Ｓｔａｎｄ－ａｌｏｎｅ　单独的　Ｓｔｒｅａｍｌｉｎｅ　简化使有效率　Ｓｕｌｆｕｒ　硫　Ｓｙｎｃｒｕｄｅ　合成原油　Ｓｙｎｇａｓ　ｏｒ　ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　ｇａｓ　合成气　Ｓｙｎｇａｓ　ｐａｒｋ　合成气园　Ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　合成　Ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　ｃｏｎｖｅｒｓｉｏｎ　合成转化率　ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　ｒｅａｃｔｏｒ　合成反应器　Ｓｙｎｔｈｅｔｉｃ　ｆｕｅｌ　合成燃料　ＴＦＥＳＴ　ＴＩ　ｆｏｒ　Ｔｅｃｈｎｉｃａｌ　Ｉｎｆｒａｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅ　技术基础设施　ｔｏｘｉｃ　ｍｅｔａｌ　有毒金属物　Ｕｎｒｅａｃｔｅｄ　未反应的　ＵＳＤＯＥ　美国能源部　Ｖａｐｏｒ　ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ　蒸汽压　Ｖｅｎｔ　排放　Ｗａｔｅｒ　ｇａｓ　ｓｈｉｆｔ　／　ＷＧＳ　水煤气变换　ａｅｒｏｓｏｌ　ｐｒｏｐｅｌｌａｎｔ　气溶胶喷射剂　ａｆｔｅｒｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ　后处理　ａｍｍｏｎｉａ　氨　Ａｎｎｕａｌ　ｃａｐａｃｉｔｙ　ｆａｃｔｏｒ　年均利用率　Ａｎｎｕａｌ　ｃａｐｉｔａｌ　ｃｈａｒｇｅ　ｒａｔｅ　年均资本回收率　ａｒｏｍａｔｉｃ　芳族化合物　Ａｓ－ｒｅｃｅｉｖｅｄ　收到基（煤）　ａｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｉｃ　ｐｏｌｌｕｔｉｏｎ　大气污染　Ａｕｔｏ－ｉｇｎｉｔｉｏｎ　ｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅ　自燃温度，自燃点　ｂｉｏｄｉｅｓｅｌ　生物柴油　Ｂｉｏｍａｓｓ　生物质　Ｂｌｅｎｄ　混和　Ｂｏｉｌｉｎｇ　ｐｏｉｎｔ　沸点　Ｃａｐａｃｉｔｙ　容量　ｃａｐｉｔａｌ　ｉｎｔｅｎｓｉｔｙ　资本强度 ２ Ｃａｒｂｏｎ　ｂａｌａｎｃｅ　碳平衡　Ｃａｒｂｏｎ　ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎ　二氧化碳排放　Ｃａｒｂｏｎ　ｓｅｑｕｅｓｔｒａｔｉｏｎ　埋存碳（二氧化碳）　Ｃａｒｂｏｎ（ＣＯ２）　ｃａｐｔｕｒｅ　ａｎｄ　ｓｔｏｒａｇｅ　回收并储存碳（二氧化碳）　Ｃａｔａｌｙｓｔ　催化剂　ＣＢＭ　煤层气　Ｃ－Ｃ　ｂｏｎｄ　碳－碳化学键　Ｃｅｔａｎｅ　（ｎｕｍｂｅｒ）　十六烷值　Ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　ｆｅｅｄｓｔｏｃｋ　化工原料　Ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓ　化工产品　ＣＮＧ　压缩天然气　ＣＯ２　二氧化碳　Ｃｏａｌ　（ｓｙｎｇａｓ）　ｐｏｌｙｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎ　煤气化多联产　Ｃｏａｌ　ｄｅｒｉｖｅｄ　煤基　Ｃｏａｌ　ｍｉｎｉｎｇ　采煤　Ｃｏａｌ　ｓｌｕｒｒｙ　水煤浆　ｃｏａｌ　ｓｔｅａｍ－ｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃ　ｐｌａｎｔ　火电厂　Ｃｏａｌｓｔｅａｍ　ｐｌａｎｔ　ｗｉｔｈ　ＦＧＤ　火力发电厂烟气脱硫　Ｃｏ－ｃａｐｔｕｒｅ　／　Ｃｏ－ｓｔｏｒａｇｅ　（或　ＣＣ＋ＣＳ）　联合回收／联合存储　ｃｏｌｄ　ｓｔａｒｔ　冷态启动　Ｃｏｍｍｅｒｃｉａｌ　ｓｃａｌｅ　大规模、工业规模　Ｃｏｍｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ－ｉｇｎｉｔｉｏｎ　ｅｎｇｉｎｅ　ｏｒ　ＣＩＥ　压燃式发动机　Ｃｏｏｌ　Ｗａｔｅｒ　ｄｅｍｏｎｓｔｒａｔｉｏｎ　冷水示范电厂　Ｃｏｏｌｉｎｇ　ｗａｔｅｒ　冷却水　ｃｏｐｒｏｄｕｃｔ　副产物　Ｃｏ－ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ　联产　Ｃｏｓｔ　ｅｓｔｉｍａｔｅ　成本估计　Ｃｒａｃｋｉｎｇ　ｃａｔａｌｙｓｔ　裂化催化剂　Ｃｒｕｄｅ　ｏｉｌ　原油　ＤＣＬ　／　Ｄｉｒｅｃｔ　ｃｏａｌ　ｌｉｑｕｅｆａｃｔｉｏｎ　煤直接液化　Ｄｅｈｙｄｒａｔｉｏｎ　ｏｆ　ｍｅｔｈａｎｏｌ　甲醇脱水反应　Ｄｅｎｓｉｔｙ　密度　Ｄｅｓｕｌｆｕｒｉｚａｔｉｏｎ　脱硫　ｄｉｅｓｅｌ　ｅｎｇｉｎｅ　柴油发动机　Ｄｉｍｅｔｈｙｌ　ｅｔｈｅｒ　ｏｒ　ＤＭＥ　ＣＨ３ＯＣＨ３　二甲醚　Ｄｉｒｅｃｔ　ｌｉｑｕｅｆａｃｔｉｏｎ　ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ　直接液化技术　Ｄｉｓｅｎｇａｇｅｍｅｎｔ　ｚｏｎｅ　分离区　ｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃｉｔｙ　ｏｒ　ｐｏｗｅｒ　ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎ　发电 ３ Ｅｎｅｒｇｙ　ｂａｌａｎｃｅ　能量平衡　Ｅｎｅｒｇｙ　Ｍｉｘ　能源构成　Ｅｑｕｉｌｉｂｒｉｕｍ　ｌｉｍｉｔ　化学平衡限制　Ｅｑｕｉｖａｌｅｎｔ　等价物　ＥＲ　ｆｏｒ　ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎ　ｒａｔｅ　排放率　Ｅｘｔｅｒｎａｌｉｔｙ　外部因素　Ｆｉｎａｎｃｉａｌ　ｃｏｓｔ　经济成本，财务成本　Ｆｉｓｃｈｅｒ－Ｔｒｏｐｓｃｈ　ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　ｏｒ　Ｆ－Ｔ　费脱合成　Ｆｌａｍｍａｂｉｌｉｔｙ　ｌｉｍｉｔｓ　可燃极限　ＦＴＬ　ｆｏｒ　Ｆ－Ｔ　ｌｉｑｕｉｄｓ　费脱合成液体燃料　Ｆｕｅｌ　ｃｙｃｌｅ　燃料循环　Ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　气化　Ｇａｓｏｌｉｎｅ　汽油　Ｇａｓ－ｐｈａｓｅ　ｒｅａｃｔｏｒ　气相反应器　ＧＨＧ　ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｓ　ｍｉｔｉｇａｔｉｏｎ　减排温室气体　Ｇｌｏｂａｌ　ｗａｒｍｉｎｇ　全球变暖　Ｇｒｅｅｎｈｏｕｓｅ　ｇａｓ　ｏｒ　ＧＨＧ　温室气体　Ｇｒｉｄ　电网　Ｇｒｉｎｄ　碾碎　ＧＴＬ　ｆｏｒ　Ｇａｓ　Ｔｏ　Ｌｉｑｕｉｄｓ　气变油　Ｈ２／ＣＯ　ｒａｔｉｏ　ｏｒ　Ｈ／Ｃ　ｒａｔｉｏ　合成气中氢气／一氧化碳含量比，氢碳比　Ｈ２Ｓ　硫化氢　ＨＣ　ｆｏｒ　ｈｙｄｒｏｃａｒｂｏｎ　烃，碳氢化合物　ＨＣ　ｆｕｅｌ　烃类燃料　Ｈｅａｌｔｈ　ｃｏｓｔ　健康损害　Ｈｅａｔｉｎｇ　采暖　ｈｅａｖｙ－ｄｕｔｙ　重型的　Ｈｙｂｒｉｄ－ｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃ　混合电能　ｈｙｄｒｏｇｅｎａｔｉｏｎ　加氢作用　ＩＣＬ　ｆｏｒ　Ｉｎｄｉｒｅｃｔ　Ｃｏａｌ　Ｌｉｑｕｅｆａｃｔｉｏｎ　煤间接液化　ＩＧＣＣ　ｐｌａｎｔ　整体煤气化联合循环电厂　Ｉｎｓｔａｌｌｅｄ　ｃａｐｉｔａｌ　ｃｏｓｔ　建设投资成本　ｉｎｔｅｌｌｅｃｔｕａｌ　ｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｙ　知识产权　ＪＶ　ｆｏｒ　ｊｏｉｎｔ　ｖｅｎｔｕｒｅ　合资企业　Ｌｉｆｅ　ｃｙｃｌｅ　全生命周期　Ｌｉｑｕｅｆａｃｔｉｏｎ　液化　Ｌｉｑｕｉｄ－ｐｈａｓｅ　液相　Ｌｉｑｕｉｄ－ｐｈａｓｅ　ｒｅａｃｔｏｒ　液相反应器 ４ Ｌｏｃａｔｉｏｎ　ｆａｃｔｏｒ　区域因子　ＬｏｗＥｆｆ　Ｌｏｗ　ｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｃｙ　Ｌｏｗｅｒ　ｈｅａｔ　ｖａｌｕｅ　低位热值　ＬＰＧ　液化石油气　Ｌｕｂｅ　ｏｉｌ　润滑油　ｍｅｔｈａｎｅ　甲烷　Ｍｅｔｈａｎｏｌ　ｏｒ　ＭｅＯＨ　ＣＨ３ＯＨ　甲醇　ｍｉｄｄｌｅ　ｄｉｓｔｉｌｌａｔｅ　中间馏份　Ｍｉｔｉｇａｔｉｏｎ　减少，减排　Ｍｔｃｅ　一种能量单位　百万吨标煤　ＮＯｘ　氮氧化物　ｎｏｘｉｏｕｓ　ｍａｔｅｒｉａｌ　有害物质　Ｏｆｆ　ｔｈｅ　ｓｈｅｌｆ　现货供应　Ｏｎｅ－ｔｈｒｏｕｇｈ　ｄｅｓｉｇｎ　一次通过方式　Ｏｐｅｒａｔｉｎｇ　＆ｍａｉｎｔｅｎａｎｃｅ　／　Ｏ＆Ｍ　运行维护　Ｏｖｅｒｎｉｇｈｔ　隔夜　ｏｘｙｇｅｎａｔｅｄ　ｆｕｅｌ　氧化燃料　Ｏｘｙｇｅｎ－ｂｌｏｗｎ　ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　氧吹气化　Ｏｚｏｎｅ　臭氧　ｐａｒａｆｆｉｎ　石蜡　Ｐｉｌｏｔ　ｐｌａｎｔ　ｓｃａｌｅ　试验厂规模　ＰＭ　ｆｏｒ　ｐａｒｔｉｃｕｌａｔｅ　ｍａｔｔｅｒ　颗粒物　Ｐｏｌｙ－ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎ　多联产　Ｐｏｌｙ－ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎ　ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ　多联产技术　Ｐｏｗｅｒ　ｉｓｌａｎｄ　动力岛　ｐｏｗｅｒ　ｓｅｃｔｏｒ　电力行业　ｐｐｂ　ｌｅｖｅｌ　十亿分率水平　ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｉｚｅｄ　ｃａｎｉｓｔｅｒ　加压罐　Ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ　ｃｏｎｆｉｇｕｒａｔｉｏｎ　工艺配置　Ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ　ｈｅａｔ　工艺用热　Ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ　ｃｏｓｔ　生产成本　Ｐｒｏｐａｎｅ　丙烷　ｐｕｂｌｉｃ　ｇｏｏｄ　公共福利　Ｐｕｒｇｅ　ｇａｓ　净化气体　Ｑｕｅｎｃｈ　激冷　Ｒｅａｃｔｉｏｎ　ｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｓ：　Ｐ　ｆｏｒ　ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ　Ｔ　ｆｏｒ　ｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅ　反应条件：　Ｐ　代表压力，Ｔ　代表温度　Ｒｅｃｙｃｌｅ　ｄｅｓｉｇｎ　循环方式 ５ ｒｅｄｕｃｅ　还原；减少　ｒｅｆｉｎｅｒｙ　炼油　ｒｅｎｅｗａｂｌｅ　ｅｎｅｒｇｙ　可再生能源　ｒｅｓｉｄｕａｌ　渣油　Ｓａｔｕｒａｔｏｒ　饱和器　ｓｅｍｉ－ｒｅｆｉｎｅｄ　半精制的　Ｓｉｎｇｌｅ（ｏｒ　Ｏｎｅ）－ｐａｓｓ　ｃｏｎｖｅｒｓｉｏｎ　一次通过的转化率　Ｓｌｕｒｒｙ　浆　ＳＯ２　二氧化硫　ｓｏｃｉａｌ　ｃｏｓｔ　社会成本　Ｓｏｏｔ　烟灰　Ｓｐａｒｋ－ｉｇｎｉｔｉｏｎ　ｅｎｇｉｎｅ　火花引燃式发动机　Ｓｔａｎｄ－ａｌｏｎｅ　单独的　Ｓｔｒｅａｍｌｉｎｅ　简化使有效率　Ｓｕｌｆｕｒ　硫　Ｓｙｎｃｒｕｄｅ　合成原油　Ｓｙｎｇａｓ　ｏｒ　ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　ｇａｓ　合成气　Ｓｙｎｇａｓ　ｐａｒｋ　合成气园　Ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　合成　Ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　ｃｏｎｖｅｒｓｉｏｎ　合成转化率　ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　ｒｅａｃｔｏｒ　合成反应器　Ｓｙｎｔｈｅｔｉｃ　ｆｕｅｌ　合成燃料　ＴＩ　ｆｏｒ　Ｔｅｃｈｎｉｃａｌ　Ｉｎｆｒａｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅ　技术基础设施　ｔｏｘｉｃ　ｍｅｔａｌ　有毒金属物　Ｕｎｒｅａｃｔｅｄ　未反应的　ＵＳＤＯＥ　美国能源部　Ｖａｐｏｒ　ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ　蒸汽压　Ｖｅｎｔ　排放　Ｗａｔｅｒ　ｇａｓ　ｓｈｉｆｔ　／　ＷＧＳ　水煤气变换　ａｅｒｏｓｏｌ　ｐｒｏｐｅｌｌａｎｔ　气溶胶喷射剂　ａｆｔｅｒｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ　后处理　ａｍｍｏｎｉａ　氨　Ａｎｎｕａｌ　ｃａｐａｃｉｔｙ　ｆａｃｔｏｒ　年均利用率　Ａｎｎｕａｌ　ｃａｐｉｔａｌ　ｃｈａｒｇｅ　ｒａｔｅ　年均资本回收率　ａｒｏｍａｔｉｃ　芳族化合物　Ａｓ－ｒｅｃｅｉｖｅｄ　收到基（煤）　ａｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｉｃ　ｐｏｌｌｕｔｉｏｎ　大气污染　Ａｕｔｏ－ｉｇｎｉｔｉｏｎ　ｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅ　自燃温度，自燃点 ６ ｂｉｏｄｉｅｓｅｌ　生物柴油　Ｂｉｏｍａｓｓ　生物质　Ｂｌｅｎｄ　混和　Ｂｏｉｌｉｎｇ　ｐｏｉｎｔ　沸点　Ｃａｐａｃｉｔｙ　容量　ｃａｐｉｔａｌ　ｉｎｔｅｎｓｉｔｙ　资本强度　Ｃａｒｂｏｎ　ｂａｌａｎｃｅ　碳平衡　Ｃａｒｂｏｎ　ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎ　二氧化碳排放　Ｃａｒｂｏｎ　ｓｅｑｕｅｓｔｒａｔｉｏｎ　埋存碳（二氧化碳）　Ｃａｒｂｏｎ（ＣＯ２）　ｃａｐｔｕｒｅ　ａｎｄ　ｓｔｏｒａｇｅ　回收并储存碳（二氧化碳）　Ｃａｔａｌｙｓｔ　催化剂　ＣＢＭ　煤层气　Ｃ－Ｃ　ｂｏｎｄ　碳－碳化学键　Ｃｅｔａｎｅ　（ｎｕｍｂｅｒ）　十六烷值　Ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　ｆｅｅｄｓｔｏｃｋ　化工原料　Ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓ　化工产品　ＣＮＧ　压缩天然气　ＣＯ２　二氧化碳　Ｃｏａｌ　（ｓｙｎｇａｓ）　ｐｏｌｙｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎ　煤气化多联产　Ｃｏａｌ　ｄｅｒｉｖｅｄ　煤基　Ｃｏａｌ　ｍｉｎｉｎｇ　采煤　Ｃｏａｌ　ｓｌｕｒｒｙ　水煤浆　ｃｏａｌ　ｓｔｅａｍ－ｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃ　ｐｌａｎｔ　火电厂　Ｃｏａｌｓｔｅａｍ　ｐｌａｎｔ　ｗｉｔｈ　ＦＧＤ　火力发电厂烟气脱硫　Ｃｏ－ｃａｐｔｕｒｅ　／　Ｃｏ－ｓｔｏｒａｇｅ　（或　ＣＣ＋ＣＳ）　联合回收／联合存储　ｃｏｌｄ　ｓｔａｒｔ　冷态启动　Ｃｏｍｍｅｒｃｉａｌ　ｓｃａｌｅ　大规模、工业规模　Ｃｏｍｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ－ｉｇｎｉｔｉｏｎ　ｅｎｇｉｎｅ　ｏｒ　ＣＩＥ　压燃式发动机　Ｃｏｏｌ　Ｗａｔｅｒ　ｄｅｍｏｎｓｔｒａｔｉｏｎ　冷水示范电厂　Ｃｏｏｌｉｎｇ　ｗａｔｅｒ　冷却水　ｃｏｐｒｏｄｕｃｔ　副产物　Ｃｏ－ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ　联产　Ｃｏｓｔ　ｅｓｔｉｍａｔｅ　成本估计　Ｃｒａｃｋｉｎｇ　ｃａｔａｌｙｓｔ　裂化催化剂　Ｃｒｕｄｅ　ｏｉｌ　原油　ＤＣＬ　／　Ｄｉｒｅｃｔ　ｃｏａｌ　ｌｉｑｕｅｆａｃｔｉｏｎ　煤直接液化　Ｄｅｈｙｄｒａｔｉｏｎ　ｏｆ　ｍｅｔｈａｎｏｌ　甲醇脱水反应　Ｄｅｎｓｉｔｙ　密度 ７ Ｄｅｓｕｌｆｕｒｉｚａｔｉｏｎ　脱硫　ｄｉｅｓｅｌ　ｅｎｇｉｎｅ　柴油发动机　Ｄｉｍｅｔｈｙｌ　ｅｔｈｅｒ　ｏｒ　ＤＭＥ　ＣＨ３ＯＣＨ３　二甲醚　Ｄｉｒｅｃｔ　ｌｉｑｕｅｆａｃｔｉｏｎ　ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ　直接液化技术　Ｄｉｓｅｎｇａｇｅｍｅｎｔ　ｚｏｎｅ　分离区　ｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃｉｔｙ　ｏｒ　ｐｏｗｅｒ　ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎ　发电　Ｅｎｅｒｇｙ　ｂａｌａｎｃｅ　能量平衡　Ｅｎｅｒｇｙ　Ｍｉｘ　能源构成　Ｅｑｕｉｌｉｂｒｉｕｍ　ｌｉｍｉｔ　化学平衡限制　Ｅｑｕｉｖａｌｅｎｔ　等价物　ＥＲ　ｆｏｒ　ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎ　ｒａｔｅ　排放率　Ｅｘｔｅｒｎａｌｉｔｙ　外部因素　Ｆｉｎａｎｃｉａｌ　ｃｏｓｔ　经济成本，财务成本　Ｆｉｓｃｈｅｒ－Ｔｒｏｐｓｃｈ　ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　ｏｒ　Ｆ－Ｔ　费脱合成　Ｆｌａｍｍａｂｉｌｉｔｙ　ｌｉｍｉｔｓ　可燃极限　ＦＴＬ　ｆｏｒ　Ｆ－Ｔ　ｌｉｑｕｉｄｓ　费脱合成液体燃料　Ｆｕｅｌ　ｃｙｃｌｅ　燃料循环　Ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　气化　Ｇａｓｏｌｉｎｅ　汽油　Ｇａｓ－ｐｈａｓｅ　ｒｅａｃｔｏｒ　气相反应器　ＧＨＧ　ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｓ　ｍｉｔｉｇａｔｉｏｎ　减排温室气体　Ｇｌｏｂａｌ　ｗａｒｍｉｎｇ　全球变暖　Ｇｒｅｅｎｈｏｕｓｅ　ｇａｓ　ｏｒ　ＧＨＧ　温室气体　Ｇｒｉｄ　电网　Ｇｒｉｎｄ　碾碎　ＧＴＬ　ｆｏｒ　Ｇａｓ　Ｔｏ　Ｌｉｑｕｉｄｓ　气变油　Ｈ２／ＣＯ　ｒａｔｉｏ　ｏｒ　Ｈ／Ｃ　ｒａｔｉｏ　合成气中氢气／一氧化碳含量比，氢碳比　Ｈ２Ｓ　硫化氢　ＨＣ　ｆｏｒ　ｈｙｄｒｏｃａｒｂｏｎ　烃，碳氢化合物　ＨＣ　ｆｕｅｌ　烃类燃料　Ｈｅａｌｔｈ　ｃｏｓｔ　健康损害　Ｈｅａｔｉｎｇ　采暖　ｈｅａｖｙ－ｄｕｔｙ　重型的　Ｈｙｂｒｉｄ－ｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃ　混合电能　ｈｙｄｒｏｇｅｎａｔｉｏｎ　加氢作用　ＩＣＬ　ｆｏｒ　Ｉｎｄｉｒｅｃｔ　Ｃｏａｌ　Ｌｉｑｕｅｆａｃｔｉｏｎ　煤间接液化　ＩＧＣＣ　ｐｌａｎｔ　整体煤气化联合循环电厂　Ｉｎｓｔａｌｌｅｄ　ｃａｐｉｔａｌ　ｃｏｓｔ　建设投资成本 ８ ｉｎｔｅｌｌｅｃｔｕａｌ　ｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｙ　知识产权　ＪＶ　ｆｏｒ　ｊｏｉｎｔ　ｖｅｎｔｕｒｅ　合资企业　Ｌｉｆｅ　ｃｙｃｌｅ　全生命周期　Ｌｉｑｕｅｆａｃｔｉｏｎ　液化　Ｌｉｑｕｉｄ－ｐｈａｓｅ　液相　Ｌｉｑｕｉｄ－ｐｈａｓｅ　ｒｅａｃｔｏｒ　液相反应器　Ｌｏｃａｔｉｏｎ　ｆａｃｔｏｒ　区域因子　ＬｏｗＥｆｆ　Ｌｏｗ　ｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｃｙ　Ｌｏｗｅｒ　ｈｅａｔ　ｖａｌｕｅ　低位热值　ＬＰＧ　液化石油气　Ｌｕｂｅ　ｏｉｌ　润滑油　ｍｅｔｈａｎｅ　甲烷　Ｍｅｔｈａｎｏｌ　ｏｒ　ＭｅＯＨ　ＣＨ３ＯＨ　甲醇　ｍｉｄｄｌｅ　ｄｉｓｔｉｌｌａｔｅ　中间馏份　Ｍｉｔｉｇａｔｉｏｎ　减少，减排　Ｍｔｃｅ　一种能量单位　百万吨标煤　ＮＯｘ　氮氧化物　ｎｏｘｉｏｕｓ　ｍａｔｅｒｉａｌ　有害物质　Ｏｆｆ　ｔｈｅ　ｓｈｅｌｆ　现货供应　Ｏｎｅ－ｔｈｒｏｕｇｈ　ｄｅｓｉｇｎ　一次通过方式　Ｏｐｅｒａｔｉｎｇ　＆ｍａｉｎｔｅｎａｎｃｅ　／　Ｏ＆Ｍ　运行维护　Ｏｖｅｒｎｉｇｈｔ　隔夜　ｏｘｙｇｅｎａｔｅｄ　ｆｕｅｌ　氧化燃料　Ｏｘｙｇｅｎ－ｂｌｏｗｎ　ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　氧吹气化　Ｏｚｏｎｅ　臭氧　ｐａｒａｆｆｉｎ　石蜡　Ｐｉｌｏｔ　ｐｌａｎｔ　ｓｃａｌｅ　试验厂规模　ＰＭ　ｆｏｒ　ｐａｒｔｉｃｕｌａｔｅ　ｍａｔｔｅｒ　颗粒物　Ｐｏｌｙ－ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎ　多联产　Ｐｏｌｙ－ｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎ　ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ　多联产技术　Ｐｏｗｅｒ　ｉｓｌａｎｄ　动力岛　ｐｏｗｅｒ　ｓｅｃｔｏｒ　电力行业　ｐｐｂ　ｌｅｖｅｌ　十亿分率水平　ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｉｚｅｄ　ｃａｎｉｓｔｅｒ　加压罐　Ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ　ｃｏｎｆｉｇｕｒａｔｉｏｎ　工艺配置　Ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ　ｈｅａｔ　工艺用热　Ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ　ｃｏｓｔ　生产成本　Ｐｒｏｐａｎｅ　丙烷 ９ ｐｕｂｌｉｃ　ｇｏｏｄ　公共福利　Ｐｕｒｇｅ　ｇａｓ　净化气体　Ｑｕｅｎｃｈ　冷　Ｒｅｃｙｃｌｅ　ｄｅｓｉｇｎ　循环方式　ｒｅｄｕｃｅ　还原；减少　ｒｅｆｉｎｅｒｙ　炼油　ｒｅｎｅｗａｂｌｅ　ｅｎｅｒｇｙ　可再生能源　ｒｅｓｉｄｕａｌ　渣油　Ｓａｔｕｒａｔｏｒ　饱和器　ｓｅｍｉ－ｒｅｆｉｎｅｄ　半精制的　Ｓｉｎｇｌｅ（ｏｒ　Ｏｎｅ）－ｐａｓｓ　ｃｏｎｖｅｒｓｉｏｎ　一次通过的转化率　Ｓｌｕｒｒｙ　浆　ＳＯ２　二氧化硫　ｓｏｃｉａｌ　ｃｏｓｔ　社会成本　Ｓｏｏｔ　烟灰　Ｓｐａｒｋ－ｉｇｎｉｔｉｏｎ　ｅｎｇｉｎｅ　火花引燃式发动机　Ｓｔａｎｄ－ａｌｏｎｅ　单独的　Ｓｔｒｅａｍｌｉｎｅ　简化使有效率　Ｓｕｌｆｕｒ　硫　Ｓｙｎｃｒｕｄｅ　合成原油　Ｓｙｎｇａｓ　ｏｒ　ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　ｇａｓ　合成气　Ｓｙｎｇａｓ　ｐａｒｋ　合成气园　Ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　合成　Ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　ｃｏｎｖｅｒｓｉｏｎ　合成转化率　ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　ｒｅａｃｔｏｒ　合成反应器　Ｓｙｎｔｈｅｔｉｃ　ｆｕｅｌ　合成燃料　ＴＦＥＳＴ　ＴＩ　ｆｏｒ　Ｔｅｃｈｎｉｃａｌ　Ｉｎｆｒａｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅ　技术基础设施　ｔｏｘｉｃ　ｍｅｔａｌ　有毒金属物　Ｕｎｒｅａｃｔｅｄ　未反应的　ＵＳＤＯＥ　美国能源部　Ｖａｐｏｒ　ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ　蒸汽压　Ｖｅｎｔ　排放　Ｗａｔｅｒ　ｇａｓ　ｓｈｉｆｔ　／　ＷＧＳ　水煤气变换 １０ Ｃｈｉｎａ　Ｃｏａｌ　Ｒｉｇｈｔ　Ｅｌｅｍｅｎｔ　Ｆｏｒ　Ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　Ｆｉｒｍｓ　Ｆｏｒ　ｙｅａｒｓ　Ｃｈｉｎａ　ｈａｓ　ｂｅｅｎ　ａ　ｍａｇｎｅｔ　ｆｏｒ　ｔｈｅ　ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓ　ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ，　ａｔｔｒａｃｔｉｎｇ　Ｅｕｒｏｐｅａｎ　ａｎｄ　Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎ　ｃｏｍｐａｎｉｅｓ　ｗｉｔｈ　ｉｔｓ　ｃｈｅａｐ　ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ　ｃｏｓｔｓ　ａｎｄ　ｇｒｏｗｉｎｇ　ｍａｒｋｅｔ．　Ｎｏｗ　Ｃｈｉｎａ　ｈａｓ　ａｎｏｔｈｅｒ　ａｔｔｒａｃｔｉｏｎ　ｆｏｒ　ｔｈｅ　ｅｎｅｒｇｙ－ｉｎｔｅｎｓｅ　ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ：　ｖａｓｔ　ｓｕｐｐｌｉｅｓ　ｏｆ　ｃｏａｌ　ｔｈａｔ　ｃａｎ　ｒｅｐｌａｃｅ　ｏｉｌ　ａｎｄ　ｎａｔｕｒａｌ　ｇａｓ　ａｓ　ｒａｗ　ｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓ　ｆｏｒ　ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ．　Ｉｎ　ｔｈｅ　ｌａｓｔ　ｔｗｏ　ｙｅａｒｓ，　Ｃｈｉｎａ　ｈａｓ　ｂｕｉｌｔ　ｎｅａｒｌｙ　２０　ｐｌａｎｔｓ　ｔｈａｔ　ｃｏｎｖｅｒｔ　ｃｏａｌ　ｉｎｔｏ　ａ　ｇａｓ　ｔｈａｔ　ｃａｎ　ｂｅ　ｕｓｅｄ　ｔｏ　ｍａｋｅ　ｓｕｃｈ　ｔｈｉｎｇｓ　ａｓ　ｐｌａｓｔｉｃ　ａｎｄ　ｐｈａｒｍａｃｅｕｔｉｃａｌｓ，　ａｃｃｏｒｄｉｎｇ　ｔｏ　ｔｈｅ　Ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｉｅｓ　Ｃｏｕｎｃｉｌ，　ａｎ　ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ　ｔｒａｄｅ　ｇｒｏｕｐ．　Ｔｈｅ　ｎｅｗ　ｐｌａｎｔｓ　ｄｒａｗ　ｏｎ　ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ　ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｅｄ　ｂｙ　ｃｏｍｐａｎｉｅｓ　ｓｕｃｈ　ａｓ　Ｇｅｎｅｒａｌ　Ｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃ　Ｃｏ．　ａｎｄ　Ｒｏｙａｌ　Ｄｕｔｃｈ　Ｓｈｅｌｌ　ＰＬＣ．　Ｎｏｗ，　Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ　ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　ｆｉｒｍｓ　ａｒｅ　ｇｅｔｔｉｎｇ　ｉｎ　ｏｎ　ｔｈｅ　ａｃｔｉｏｎ．　Ｃｅｌａｎｅｓｅ　Ｃｏｒｐ．　ｏｐｅｎｅｄ　ａ　ｐｌａｎｔ　ｔｈｉｓ　ｙｅａｒ　ｔｈａｔ　ｕｓｅｓ　ｃｏａｌ－ｂａｓｅｄ　ｆｅｅｄｓｔｏｃｋ　ｔｏ　ｍａｋｅ　ａ　ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　ｕｓｅｄ　ｉｎ　ｐａｉｎｔｓ　ａｎｄ　ｆｏｏｄ　ｓｗｅｅｔｅｎｅｒｓ．　Ｄｏｗ　Ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　Ｃｏ．　ｈａｓ　ｐａｒｔｎｅｒｅｄ　ｗｉｔｈ　Ｃｈｉｎｅｓｅ　ｅｎｅｒｇｙ　ｃｏｍｐａｎｙ　Ｓｈｅｎｈｕａ　Ｇｒｏｕｐ　Ｃｏｒｐ．　ｔｏ　ｓｔｕｄｙ　ａ　ｐｒｏｊｅｃｔ　ｔｏ　ｃｏｎｖｅｒｔ　ｃｏａｌ　ｉｎｔｏ　ｐｌａｓｔｉｃｓ．　Ｍｉｎｉｎｇ　ｃｏｍｐａｎｙ　Ａｎｇｌｏ　Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎ　ＰＬＣ　ｉｓ　ａｌｓｏ　ｌｏｏｋｉｎｇ　ａｔ　ａ　ｃｏａｌ－ｔｏ－ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓ　ｐｒｏｊｅｃｔ．　Ｓｕｐｐｌｉｅｒｓ　ｔｏ　ｔｈｅ　ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ，　ｓｕｃｈ　ａｓ　Ｐｒａｘａｉｒ　Ｉｎｃ．，　ａｒｅ　ｖｙｉｎｇ　ｔｏ　ｏｐｅｎ　ａｃｃｏｕｎｔｓ　ｗｉｔｈ　ｔｈｅ　ｎｅｗ　ｃｏａｌ－ｔｏ－ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　ｐｌａｎｔｓ．　＇Ｃｏａｌ　ｔｏ　ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓ　ｉｓ　ａｎ　ｏｐｐｏｒｔｕｎｉｔｙ　ｔｈａｔ＇ｓ　ｌｉｔｅｒａｌｌｙ　ｅｘｐｌｏｄｉｎｇ　［ｉｎ　Ｃｈｉｎａ］　ｒｉｇｈｔ　ｎｏｗ，＇　ｓａｙｓ　Ｔｉｍｏｔｈｙ　Ｖａｉｌ，　ｃｈｉｅｆ　ｅｘｅｃｕｔｉｖｅ　ａｎｄ　ｐｒｅｓｉｄｅｎｔ　ｏｆ　Ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓ　Ｅｎｅｒｇｙ　Ｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ　Ｉｎｃ．，　ａ　ｃｏｍｐａｎｙ　ｔｈａｔ　ｂｕｉｌｄｓ　ｃｏａｌ－ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　ｐｌａｎｔｓ．　Ｌａｕｎｃｈｉｎｇ　ｔｈｅｉｒ　ｏｗｎ　ｃｏａｌ－ｔｏ－ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓ　ｐｒｏｊｅｃｔｓ　ｉｎ　Ｃｈｉｎａ　ｒｅｐｒｅｓｅｎｔｓ　ｏｎｅ　ｗａｙ　Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ　ｃｏｍｐａｎｉｅｓ　ａｒｅ　ｆｉｇｈｔｉｎｇ　ｔｏ　ｋｅｅｐ　ｔｈｅｉｒ　ｃｏｍｐｅｔｉｔｉｖｅ　ｅｄｇｅ．　Ｉｎ　ｔｈｅ　ｐａｓｔ　ｄｅｃａｄｅ，　ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓ　ｍａｋｅｒｓ　ｂａｓｅｄ　ｉｎ　Ｅｕｒｏｐｅ　ａｎｄ　Ｎｏｒｔｈ　Ａｍｅｒｉｃａ　ｈａｖｅ　ｌｏｓｔ　ｍａｒｋｅｔ　ｓｈａｒｅ　ｔｏ　ｔｈｅｉｒ　ｃｏｕｎｔｅｒｐａｒｔｓ　ｉｎ　Ａｓｉａ，　ｗｈｅｒｅ　ｄｅｍａｎｄ　ｆｏｒ　ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓ　ｉｓ　ｒａｐｉｄｌｙ　ｇｒｏｗｉｎｇ．　Ｃｈｉｎａ＇ｓ　ｇｏｖｅｒｎｍｅｎｔ，　ｍｅａｎｗｈｉｌｅ，　ｈａｓ　ｏｒｃｈｅｓｔｒａｔｅｄ　ｔｈｅ　ｂｕｉｌｄｕｐ　ｏｆ　ｔｈｅ　ｃｏａｌ－ｔｏ－ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓ　ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ　ｉｎ　ａｎ　ｅｆｆｏｒｔ　ｔｏ　ｒｅｄｕｃｅ　ｔｈｅ　ｎａｔｉｏｎ＇ｓ　ｇｒｏｗｉｎｇ　ｄｅｐｅｎｄｅｎｃｅ　ｏｎ　ｉｍｐｏｒｔｅｄ　ｎａｔｕｒａｌ　ｇａｓ．　Ｕｓｉｎｇ　Ｃｈｉｎａ＇ｓ　ｖａｓｔ　ｃｏａｌ　ｄｅｐｏｓｉｔｓ　ｔｏ　ｍａｋｅ　ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｓ　ａｎｄ　ｐｌａｓｔｉｃｓ　ｐｒｏｖｉｄｅｓ　ａ　ｍｏｒｅ　ｒｅｌｉａｂｌｅ　ｓｏｕｒｃｅ　ｏｆ　ｒａｗ　ｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓ　ｔｈａｔ　ｃａｎ　ｆｅｅｄ　ｔｈｅ　ｅｘｐａｎｓｉｏｎ　ｏｆ　Ｃｈｉｎａ＇ｓ　ｍａｉｎ　ｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃ　ｇｒｏｗｔｈ　ｅｎｇｉｎｅ，　ｉｔｓ　ｍａｎｕｆａｃｔｕｒｉｎｇ　ｓｅｃｔｏｒ．　Ｔｈｅ　ｎｅｗ　ｐｌａｎｔｓ　ａｌｓｏ　ｒｅｐｌａｃｅ　ｏｌｄｅｒ，　ｓｏｏｔ－ｂｅｌｃｈｉｎｇ　ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　ｆａｃｔｏｒｉｅｓ　ｔｈａｔ　ｈａｖｅ　ｅａｒｎｅｄ　ｔｈｅ　ｇｏｖｅｒｎｍｅｎｔ　ａ　ｂａｄ　ｒｅｐｕｔａｔｉｏｎ　ｆｏｒ　ｔｈｅ　ｐｏｌｌｕｔｉｏｎ　ｔｈｅｙ　ｃｒｅａｔｅ　ｉｎ　Ｃｈｉｎｅｓｅ　ｃｉｔｉｅｓ． １１ 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１２ Ｗｈｉｌｅ　ｔｈｅ　Ｃｈｉｎｅｓｅ　ｇｏｖｅｒｎｍｅｎｔ　ａｇｒｅｅｓ　ｏｎ　ｔｈｅ　ｎｅｅｄ　ｔｏ　ｒｅｄｕｃｅ　ｃａｒｂｏｎ　ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｓ，　ｉｔ　ｐｒｅｆｅｒｓ　ｔｏ　ａｃｈｉｅｖｅ　ｔｈａｔ　ｔｈｒｏｕｇｈ　ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｄ　ｅｎｅｒｇｙ　ｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｃｙ　ａｎｄ　ｂｙ　ｕｓｉｎｇ　ｍｏｒｅ　ａｌｔｅｒｎａｔｉｖｅ　ｅｎｅｒｇｙ．　Ｉｔ　ｈａｓ　ｎｏ　ｐｌａｎｓ　ｔｏ　ｃａｐ　ｃａｒｂｏｎ　ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｓ　ｂｅｃａｕｓｅ　ｉｔ　ｂｅｌｉｅｖｅｓ　ｓｕｃｈ　ａ　ｍｏｖｅ　ｗｏｕｌｄ　ｌｉｍｉｔ　ｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃ　ｇｒｏｗｔｈ．　Ｇｏｖｅｒｎｍｅｎｔ　ｏｆｆｉｃｉａｌｓ　ｈａｖｅ　ｓｍｏｏｔｈｅｄ　ｔｈｅ　ｗａｙ　ｆｏｒ　ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　ｐｒｏｊｅｃｔｓ　ｂｙ　ｆａｓｔ－ｔｒａｃｋｉｎｇ　ｐｅｒｍｉｔｓ　ａｎｄ　ｈｅｌｐｉｎｇ　ｃｏｍｐａｎｉｅｓ　ｔｏ　ｓｅｃｕｒｅ　ｃａｐｉｔａｌ，　ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ　ｅｘｅｃｕｔｉｖｅｓ　ｓａｙ．　＇Ｉｎ　ａｎｙｗｈｅｒｅ　ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ　２４　ｔｏ　３２　ｍｏｎｔｈｓ　ｔｈｅｙ　ｈａｖｅ　［ｐｌａｎｔｓ］　ｂｕｉｌｔ　ａｎｄ　ｏｐｅｒａｔｉｎｇ，＇　ｓａｙｓ　Ｊｏｈｎ　Ｌａｖｅｌｌｅ，　ｇｅｎｅｒａｌ　ｍａｎａｇｅｒ　ｏｆ　ＧＥ　Ｅｎｅｒｇｙ＇ｓ　ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　ｂｕｓｉｎｅｓｓ．　＇Ｉｔ＇ｓ　ｐｒｅｔｔｙ　ｒｅｍａｒｋａｂｌｅ．＇　Ｃｈｅａｐ　ｌａｂｏｒ　ａｎｄ　ｍｉｎｉｍａｌ　ｒｅｇｕｌａｔｉｏｎｓ　ｍｅａｎ　ｃｏａｌ－ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　ｐｌａｎｔｓ　ｉｎ　Ｃｈｉｎａ　ｃａｎ　ｂｅ　ｂｕｉｌｔ　ｆｏｒ　ａｂｏｕｔ　ｔｗｏ－ｔｈｉｒｄｓ　ｔｏ　ｏｎｅ－ｈａｌｆ　ｔｈｅ　ｃｏｓｔ　ｏｆ　ａ　ｐｒｏｊｅｃｔ　ｉｎ　ｔｈｅ　Ｕ．Ｓ．　ｏｒ　Ｅｕｒｏｐｅ．　Ｃｏａｌ－ｔｏ－ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　ｐｌａｎｔｓ　ｂｕｉｌｔ　ｉｎ　ｔｈｅ　ｌａｓｔ　ｔｗｏ　ｙｅａｒｓ　ｈａｖｅ　ｅｘｐａｎｄｅｄ　Ｃｈｉｎｅｓｅ　ｃａｐａｃｉｔｙ　ｂｙ　１，５７５　ｃｕｂｉｃ　ｆｅｅｔ　ｏｆ　ｇａｓ　ａ　ｄａｙ　ｔｈａｔ　ｃａｎ　ｂｅ　ｕｓｅｄ　ａｓ　ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　ｆｅｅｄｓｔｏｃｋｓ，　ａｃｃｏｒｄｉｎｇ　ｔｏ　ｔｈｅ　Ｃｏａｌ　Ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　Ｃｏｕｎｃｉｌ．　Ｔｈｅ　ｐｌａｎｔｓ　ｓｌａｔｅｄ　ｆｏｒ　ｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｏｎ　ｉｎ　ｔｈｅ　ｎｅｘｔ　ｆｏｕｒ　ｙｅａｒｓ　ｗｉｌｌ　ｄｏｕｂｌｅ　ｔｈａｔ　ｃａｐａｃｉｔｙ．　Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ　ｃｏｍｐａｎｉｅｓ　ｉｎｖｏｌｖｅｄ　ｉｎ　Ｃｈｉｎａ＇ｓ　ｃｏａｌ－ｔｏ－ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ　ａｒｇｕｅ　ｔｈａｔ　ｃｏａｌ　ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　ｈａｓ　ｔｈｅ　ｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌ　ｔｏ　ｂｅ　ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌｌｙ　ｆｒｉｅｎｄｌｙ．　Ｂｅｃａｕｓｅ　ｔｈｅ　ｇａｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ　ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ　ｓｅｐａｒａｔｅｓ　ｏｕｔ　ｃａｒｂｏｎ　ｄｉｏｘｉｄｅ，　ｔｈｅ　ｇｌｏｂａｌ－ｗａｒｍｉｎｇ　ｇａｓ　ｃａｎ　ｂｅ　ｍｏｒｅ　ｅａｓｉｌｙ　ｃａｐｔｕｒｅｄ　ａｎｄ　ｓｔｏｒｅｄ　ｏｎｃｅ　ａｎ　ａｆｆｏｒｄａｂｌｅ　ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ　ｉｓ　ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｅｄ．　Ｄｏｗ，　ｆｏｒ　ｅｘａｍｐｌｅ，　ｓａｙｓ　ｉｔ　ｉｓ　ｓｔｕｄｙｉｎｇ　ｗａｙｓ　ｔｏ　ｓｅｑｕｅｓｔｅｒ　ｃａｒｂｏｎ　ｄｉｏｘｉｄｅ　－－　ｏｒ　ｔｏ　ｏｆｆｓｅｔ　ｉｔｓ　ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌ　ｉｍｐａｃｔ　ｂｙ　ｒｅｄｕｃｉｎｇ　ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｓ　ｅｌｓｅｗｈｅｒｅ　ｔｈｒｏｕｇｈ　ｐｒｏｊｅｃｔｓ　ｓｕｃｈ　ａｓ　ｐｌａｎｔｉｎｇ　ｃａｒｂｏｎ－ｄｉｏｘｉｄｅ－ｃｏｎｓｕｍｉｎｇ　ｔｒｅｅｓ．　Ｃｅｌａｎｅｓｅ　ｓａｙｓ　ｉｔ　ｉｓ　ｃｏｍｍｉｔｔｅｄ　ｔｏ　ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｌｉｎｇ　ｇｒｅｅｎｈｏｕｓｅ－ｇａｓ　ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｓ　ｉｎ　ａｌｌ　ｉｔｓ　ｏｐｅｒａｔｉｏｎｓ，　ｒｅｄｕｃｉｎｇ　ｔｈｅｍ　ｂｙ　３０％　ｆｒｏｍ　２００５　ｔｏ　２０１０．　＇Ｒｅｄｕｃｉｎｇ　ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｓ　ｍｅａｎｓ　ｙｏｕ　ａｒｅ　ｍｏｒｅ　ｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｔ，＇　ｓａｙｓ　Ｄａｖｉｄ　Ｗｅｉｄｍａｎ，　ｔｈｅ　ｃｏｍｐａｎｙ＇ｓ　ＣＥＯ　ａｎｄ　ａｌｓｏ　ａ　ｍｅｍｂｅｒ　ｏｆ　ｔｈｅ　ｂｏａｒｄ　ｆｏｒ　ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌ　ｇｒｏｕｐ　ｔｈｅ　Ｃｏｎｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎ　Ｆｕｎｄ．　Ｃｈｉｎｅｓｅ　ｃｏｍｐａｎｉｅｓ　ａｒｅｎ＇ｔ　ｓｗｅａｔｉｎｇ　ｔｈｅ　ｉｓｓｕｅ，　ｓａｙ　ａｎａｌｙｓｔｓ　ａｔ　ｔｈｅ　Ｃｈｉｎａ　Ｐｅｔｒｏｌｅｕｍ　ａｎｄ　Ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　Ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ　Ａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｉｏｎ．　Ｏｎｌｙ　Ｃｈｉｎａ＇ｓ　ｔｗｏ　ｂｉｇｇｅｓｔ　ｏｉｌ　ａｎｄ　ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　ｆｉｒｍｓ，　ｔｈｅ　ｓｔａｔｅ－ｏｗｎｅｄ　ｇｉａｎｔ　Ｃｈｉｎａ　Ｐｅｔｒｏｌｅｕｍ　＆　Ｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌ　Ｃｏｒｐ．，　ｋｎｏｗｎ　ａｓ　Ｓｉｎｏｐｅｃ，　ａｎｄ　Ｃｈｉｎａ　Ｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ　Ｐｅｔｒｏｌｅｕｍ　Ｃｏｒｐ．，　ｐａｒｅｎｔ　ｏｆ　ｔｈｅ　ｌｉｓｔｅｄ　ＰｅｔｒｏＣｈｉｎａ，　ａｒｅ　ｓｔｕｄｙｉｎｇ　ｈｏｗ　ｔｏ　ｓｔｏｒｅ　ｃａｒｂｏｎ　ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｓ．　多年来中国对化学工业来说一直是一块“磁石”，　其低廉的生产成本和　不断扩大的市场吸引了众多欧美公司。

与煤相关英文单词1. Coal：煤，是最常见的煤炭统称，指的是一种主要由碳元素组成的燃料。

2. Coalmine：煤矿，指开采煤炭资源的场所。

3. Coal Seam：煤层，指地壳中储存煤炭的层状结构。

4. Coal Mining：煤矿开采，指从地下提取煤炭的过程。

5. Coal Tar：煤焦油，是从煤炭中提炼出来的一种粘稠液体，具有多种用途。

6. Coalfired Power Plant：燃煤电厂，以煤炭为燃料的发电设施。

7. Coal Dust：煤尘，煤炭在开采、运输过程中产生的粉尘。

8. Coke：焦炭，煤炭经过高温干馏后得到的固体燃料。

9. Anthracite：无烟煤，一种高碳含量、低挥发分的优质煤炭。

10. Bituminous Coal：烟煤，一种中等碳含量、中等挥发分的煤炭。

11. Lignite：褐煤，一种低碳含量、高挥发分的煤炭。

12. Coal Gasification：煤气化，将煤炭转化为气体燃料的过程。

13. Coal liquefaction：煤液化，将煤炭转化为液态燃料的过程。

14. Coal Washing：煤炭洗选，去除煤炭中的杂质，提高煤炭质量的过程。

15. Coal Stockpile：煤炭堆场，储存煤炭的场所。

16. Coal Shaft：煤矿竖井，指垂直通往煤矿井下巷道的通道，用于人员、物料和煤炭的提升。

17. Coal Exploration：煤炭勘查，指对潜在的煤炭资源进行地质调查和评估的过程。

18. Coal Export：煤炭出口，指将煤炭从生产国运输到消费国的商业活动。

19. Coal Import：煤炭进口，指一个国家从其他国家购买煤炭的行为。

20. Coal Ash：煤灰，燃煤后产生的固体废物，含有一定量的有害物质。

21. Coal Slag：煤渣，煤炭燃烧后残留下来的坚硬物质。

22. Coal Bed Methane：煤层气，储存在煤层中的天然气，可作为能源利用。

煤化工的意义英语作文Coal chemical industry plays a significant role in modern society, contributing to various aspects of ourdaily lives and industrial activities. In this essay, we will delve into the significance of coal chemical industry in English.First and foremost, the coal chemical industry serves as a crucial source of energy production. Coal, as a primary raw material in this industry, is utilized to generate electricity, heat homes, and power various industrial processes. Despite advancements in renewable energy sources, coal remains a vital component in meeting global energy demands, especially in regions where other energy sources are less accessible or economically viable.Moreover, the coal chemical industry is integral to the production of various essential chemicals and materials. Through processes such as coal gasification and coal-to-liquid conversion, coal is transformed into a wide range ofproducts including ammonia, methanol, and synthetic fuels. These chemicals serve as building blocks for the manufacturing of fertilizers, plastics, pharmaceuticals,and countless other products essential to modern life. Thus, the coal chemical industry plays a pivotal role in supporting diverse sectors of the economy.Furthermore, the coal chemical industry contributes to job creation and economic development in regions with abundant coal reserves. The establishment of coal chemical plants creates employment opportunities ranging fromskilled engineers and technicians to laborers involved in mining, transportation, and plant operations. Additionally, the growth of ancillary industries and services around coal chemical facilities further stimulates local economies, fostering growth and prosperity in these regions.Additionally, advancements in coal chemical technology have led to significant environmental benefits. While coal combustion for energy production is often associated withair pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, innovative processes in the coal chemical industry offer cleaneralternatives. Techniques such as carbon capture and storage (CCS) mitigate carbon dioxide emissions from coal-fired power plants, reducing their environmental footprint. Moreover, research into cleaner coal-to-liquid technologies aims to minimize emissions and environmental impact associated with traditional coal-based fuels.Furthermore, the coal chemical industry plays a strategic role in ensuring energy security and resource independence for nations heavily reliant on coal reserves. By diversifying coal utilization beyond traditional combustion, countries can reduce their dependence on imported oil and natural gas, enhancing energy resilience and sovereignty. This strategic advantage becomes particularly relevant in times of geopolitical instability or fluctuating energy markets.In conclusion, the coal chemical industry holds significant importance in modern society, serving as a cornerstone of energy production, chemical manufacturing, economic development, and environmental stewardship. While facing challenges related to environmental concerns andtechnological innovation, the industry continues to adapt and evolve, contributing to the sustainable growth and prosperity of nations around the world.。

煤化工的意义英语作文初中The Significance of Coal Chemical Industry。

Coal chemical industry refers to the process of converting coal into various chemical products through chemical reactions. It is an important part of the energy and chemical industry, and plays a significant role in promoting the development of the national economy.Firstly, coal chemical industry can effectively utilize coal resources. China is rich in coal resources, but the traditional way of using coal, such as direct combustion, not only wastes a lot of resources, but also causes serious environmental pollution. By using coal chemical industry, we can make full use of coal resources and reduce environmental pollution.Secondly, coal chemical industry can promote the development of related industries. Coal chemical products are widely used in various fields, such as chemicalindustry, building materials, energy, agriculture, and medicine. The development of coal chemical industry can promote the development of related industries, and drivethe growth of the national economy.Thirdly, coal chemical industry can enhance the competitiveness of the national economy. With thecontinuous development of the global economy, the competition among countries is becoming increasingly fierce. Coal chemical industry is a strategic emerging industry, which can provide new growth points for the national economy and enhance the competitiveness of the national economy.However, it should be noted that the development ofcoal chemical industry also faces many challenges, such as environmental pollution, resource constraints, and safety risks. Therefore, we need to strengthen the research and development of new technologies, improve the management system, and promote the sustainable development of coal chemical industry.In conclusion, coal chemical industry is of great significance to the national economy. It can effectively utilize coal resources, promote the development of related industries, and enhance the competitiveness of the national economy. We should pay attention to its development, and promote the sustainable development of coal chemical industry.。