中西文化比较_西安交通大学中国大学mooc课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年1.There is one universal definition of visual art.答案:错误2.The definition and perceived value of works of art have changed throughouthistory and in different cultures.答案:正确3.The antecedents of most European art lie in the artistic production of ancientGreece and Rome.答案:正确4.In the Hellenistic period, artistic creation was dominated by the idea ofpraising the Christian church.答案:错误5.In ancient China, the art of bronze-casting skill reached its peak in the SuiDynasty.答案:错误6.Zhou Fang’s Ladies with Head-pinned Flowers depicts the disorder of sociallife in the Tang Dynasty.答案:错误7.The trees in a literati painting are usually not an exact copy of the real treesin life.答案:正确8.Li Madou criticized the Italian painters for ignoring the relationship betweenlight and darkness.答案:错误9.The poem “The Road Not Taken” was written by the German writer JohannGeorg Hamann.答案:错误10.Aristotle saw the origin of poetry i n man’s imitative nature and his sense ofharmony and rhythm.答案:正确11.According to Britannica, prose is literature that evokes a concentratedimaginative awareness of experience.答案:错误12.According to Confucius, learning poetry can enable people not only toexpress their ideas and educate themselves, but also to maintain socialconventions.答案:正确13. A sonnet is a lyric poem of 12 lines, usually in iambic pentameter withconsiderable variation in rhyming patterns.答案:错误14.The English sonnet style is named after Shakespeare because he was the firstEnglish poet to write sonnets.答案:错误15.In this chapter, we compared a sonnet "Renouncement" and a Chinese Ci"Dielianhua", while the former starts with surprising remarks of a person, the latter starts with sentimental description of the environment.答案:正确16.Both the sonnet and the Ci were originated from folk songs, and bothsatisfied people's need to express their emotions in a certain culturalbackground.答案:正确17.One of the most important factors that can lead to the emergence of a religionis _________.答案:the social contexts when people lived in poverty, misery and fear18.Christianity has three main branches: Roman Catholicism, Eastern OrthodoxChurch and __________.答案:Protestantism19.One of the important life attitudes that has been influenced or shaped byDaosim in China is ______________.答案:the view that man is part of nature20.One of the biggest obstacles for foreigners speaking a Western language tolearn to speak Chinese is the ___________ of Chinese.答案:Tone21.Chinese is a _________ language, which means a sentence is grammaticallycorrect even without a subject if its meaning is understandable in the context.topic-prominent22.In comparison to English, Chinese is a ________ language, which means thespeakers of Chinese tend to be more indirect and rely more of the contextual meaning to communicate.答案:High-context23.The process of industrialization in the early 19th century in the West, i.e.,analyze and modularize the worlds of manufacture and commerce, is anexample of _________.答案:analytical thinking24.Different language encodes the world in which it has emerged in differentways, so language ________ how the speakers of a specific language perceives and thinks about the world.答案:Influences25.________ is usually defined as a population which shares unique genetic andbiological features that distinguish it from other groups.答案:Race26.Gans (1999) divides cultural elements into two groups, i.e. high culture and________.popular culture27.Sch wartz (2006, p.139) defined ________ as “the cultural ideals”. They are thecollective understandings of what is good, correct, desirable and proper in a given culture.答案:values28.Hofstede (1980) proposes four dimensions of cultural value differences.________ refers to a society in which emotional gender roles are distinct.答案:masculinity29.________ is a way of perceiving a person as having innate cultural entitiesbased on essentialist views of cultures.答案:Culturalism30.________ refers to the condition that “… the oriental societies are defined notby what they have but by what they lack”.答案:Eurocentrism31.Which of the following is NOT a feature of culture: ________.答案:Culture determines human behavior32.Religion ca n be defined as human beings’ relation to that which they regardas holy, sacred, absolute, spiritual, divine, or worthy of special reverence.答案:正确33.The Chinese idiom“塞翁失马，焉知非福”emphasizes the harmoniousrelationship between humanity and the cosmos.答案:错误34.Chinese martial arts, traditional Chinese medicine, feng shui, and many stylesof qigong have been intertwined with Confucism throughout history.答案:错误35.The linguistic expressions and structural patterns of a language cannot beused to investigate the thinking patterns and perception of the peoplespeaking that language.答案:错误36.Signs in language and the traffic system are both arbitrary in relation to thereal objects or meaning, so they are similar.答案:错误37.Intelligibility is the general criterion that has been used to classify humanlanguages, however, nationhood often plays a role as an important political factor.答案:正确nguage family refers to a group of languages descended from the sameancestor such as English is a member of the West Germanic branch of the Germanic family.答案:正确39.Water plays an important role in the development of civilization.答案:正确40.All civilizations were originated near waters.答案:错误41.There were clear-cut divisions of the different stages of civilizations.答案:错误42.Western civilization interacted heavily with oriental civilizations.答案:正确43.Due to the sea-going nature of Aegean civilization, Western civilizationtended to be open and expansive.答案:正确44.The predictable and gentle rivers nurtured an expansive and adventurousagriculture civilization.答案:错误45.The wide trading interaction with the Mediterranean world enabled ancientGreeks to establish a trading civilization.答案:正确46.The nature-based, agriculture-natured economy helped the establishment ofthe Chinese “family state.”答案:正确47.The Chinese feudal system emphasizes partnership and contract.答案:错误48.The city-state system practiced uniform cultural and political norms.答案:错误49.Followings are the characteristics of cultural values, except ________.答案:values are “intrinsic and universal”50.In primitive times, art was mainly about the means of survival in the harshand vast unknown world.答案:正确51.In England, the Stonehenge has an obvious practical purpose.答案:错误52.The Houmuwu square cauldron was used to carry out rituals.答案:正确53.One of the distinguishing features of Renaissance art was the development ofhighly realistic linear perspective.答案:正确54.In the age of Renaissance, people showed less interest in the ability of humanbeings to create art.答案:错误55.Modern art was devoted to glorifying religion or to speaking well of the state.答案:错误56.Xie He's Six Principles suggest that paintings should not be the properrepresentation of objects.答案:错误57.Rhyme refers to the regulated flow of words and phrases which isdetermined by the relationship of stressed and unstressed syllables.答案:错误58.In English language, there are only one-syllable characters and characters ofthe same sound are differentiated by four tones.答案:错误59.It is known that the end rhyme is the most important rhyme in both Englishpoetry and Chinese poetry.答案:正确60.In both China and the West, many poems explain moral teachings in somesimple, concrete, and interesting metaphors or synecdoches.答案:正确61.The sonnet is a symbol of the Renaissance in literature.答案:正确62.The structure of the sonnet could be related to the characteristic of the topic-prominent language.答案:错误63.Just like Xi He, who placed vitality as the highest principle of painting, thefamous poem critic Wang Guowei believed that the spiritual state of mind is most important in writing Chinese Ci.答案:正确64.According to Hofstede (1991), a person can be influenced at the same time bya national culture, a regional or ethnic or religious or linguistic culture, agender culture, and a generation culture.答案:正确65.The varied topography along the Yellow River is favorable for thedevelopment of agriculture.答案:正确66.Life in Chinese river civilization was stable and predictable.答案:正确67.As most Greek city-states were near the Mediterranean Sea, ancient Greeksbecame a sea-going people.答案:错误68.Unlike the nomads, the Chinese became a sedentary people with a highlydeveloped agriculture.答案:正确69.The Minoan civilization deeply influenced the west Asian and Egyptiancivilizations.答案:错误70.The Chinese nature-based, farm-based economy strengthened the tie amongfamily members.答案:正确71.The rugged terrain forced the ancient Greeks to turn out to the sea for tradeand food production.答案:正确72.Daoism and Buddhism are the two traditional religions that have influencedChinese culture for thousands of years.答案:正确73.Chinese students are rote learners. They learn for pragmatic purposes andshow little interest in deep understanding.答案:错误74.Culture can be divided into "________", such as literary and artistic works, and"popular culture" :答案:high cultureo Zi developed the philosophy of Daoism, but was not related to thereligion of Daoism.答案:错误76.Dialectism in Daoism philosophy means that the positive and negative co-exist in all things and they are interchangeable.答案:正确77.Moderation, humility and longevity were pursued by the philosophy ofDaoism.答案:错误78.Buddhism originated in ancient India, and came to China in late Han Dynasty.答案:正确79.In intercultural communication, students need to remove the knowledge ofour own culture to acquire the knowledge of other cultures.答案:错误80.Neither learning styles nor learning strategies are unchangeable, or pre-determined by fixed interpretations of a given academic culture.答案:正确81.Students in cultural communication should consciously put asidepreconceptions, avoid over-generalization and continuously seek deepened understandings of cultural phenomena.答案:正确82.Civilizations could come into being in a short time.答案:错误83.Agriculture played an essential role in the development of civilizations.答案:正确84.The Yellow River is called the "cradle of Chinese civilization".答案:正确85.Chinese is a hypotactic language because it has no strict requirement on theforms of sentences.答案:错误86.The majority of Chinese characters are pictographs, bearing closeresemblance to the objects or things they represented.答案:错误87.Values have been defined as the collective understandings of what is good,correct, desirable and proper in a given culture.答案:正确88.________ has been defined as "cultural variants displayed by certain segmentsof the population… they are within the larger world of our national culture"(Komarovsky & Sargent, 1949, p.143).答案:subculture89.In intercultural studies, we need to be aware that ________:答案:culture may change._Eastern and Western cultures are notindependent._Eastern and Western cultures are interdependent and permeable to each other._culture is multi-layered and complicated.90.Ho, Fu and Ng (2004) clarify two dimensions of "face": lian focuses on thecharacters of a morally good person, while mianzi focuses on the reputation and social status achieved through one's efforts.答案:正确91.Hofstede (1980) explains cultural value differences in terms of the fourdimensions, namely individuality/collectivism, power distance, uncertainty avoidance and masculinity/femininity.答案:正确92.Hofstede's power-distance dimension expresses the degree to which "theless powerful members of a society accept or expect that power is distributed unequally".答案:正确93.Northern Buddhism that has been mainly practiced in the central region ofChina was influenced by Confucianism.答案:正确94.All Chinese teachers are authoritative figures who teach classes in a didacticway.答案:错误95.Stereotypes are over-simplified, over-generalized labels imposed on socialgroups and social phenomena which are diverse and complex in nature.答案:正确96.Hofstede's value dimensions are widely cited and free from problems.答案:错误nguage is basically a system of communication just like the system oftraffic symbols.答案:错误nguage is a hierarchical system, consisting of different levels such as sound,word, sentence and text.答案:正确nguage family refers to a group of languages, which are locatedgeographically close.答案:错误100.Chinese students traditionally outperform their peers in Western countries particularly in maths and science, because Chinese students are allhardworking and intelligent.答案:错误101.Hofstede' value dimensions tend to construct positive stereotypes of the Western values in contrast to the negative stereotypes of non-Westernvalues.答案:正确102.One of the similarities between Buddhism and Daoism is that they both havea single all-powerful God.答案:错误103.Christianity, originated in the first century AD, developed into three branches,i.e. the Roman Catholic, the Eastern Orthodox and the Protestant.答案:正确104.Modern Western art and music were basically paintings and hymns to complement God.答案:错误105.That Napoleon himself crowned himself and his Queen in the painting of "La Sacre de Napoleon" indicates his defiance to the Roman Catholic church.答案:错误106.The patterns or modes of thinking are stable habitual mental tendencies formed over a long time for a group of people.答案:正确107.The Western people tend to fall into inductive reasoning, i.e., moving from specific facts, observations, or experiences to a general conclusion.答案:错误108.The linear mode of thinking holds that the world is dynamic and changeable.答案:错误109.Ethnocentrism is a cultural attitude, which holds that one's own culture is better than others'.答案:正确110.Eurocentrism portrays "the East" with negative and exotic features.答案:正确111.The trends of globalization and the world economy have led to similar skills that different educational systems expect students, or future workers in the knowledge economy, to develop.答案:正确112.That many Chinese characters are ideograms can implicitly direct its speakers' attention to images.答案:正确113.Cortazzi and Jin (1996) argued that one feature of the Chinese "culture of learning" is the hierarchical but harmonious relationship between teacher and students. The statement is an absolutely correct reflection of Chinese academic culture.答案:错误114.The main difference between Buddism and Christianity is that in the former Budda considered himself as an awakening man while in the latter Godconsidered himself as the only creator of the universe and people.答案:正确115.Chinese students learn for pragmatic reasons only.答案:错误116.In Chinese, more words are formed by combining two characters while in English more words are constructed by adding prefix or suffix.答案:正确。
