麦田守望者24章概括 英文

英语文章精彩读书笔记英文读书笔记【一】《麦田守望者》We are a group of children living in the new era and naturally accustomed to confusion and trouble. But we should concentrate on the road in front of us. We should be a group of ambitious people. If Holden has not pure ideal, then he would be degenerate, his ideal let him survive. Ideal is a beacon for people, it took people into the bright future.Yes, where are ideals and there is hope. The hope is in tomorrow. We will have a brighter future!英文读书笔记【二】The Old Man And The Sea 《老人与海》The Old Man and the Sea is one of Hemingways most enduring works.Told in language of great simplicity and power,it is the story of an old Cuban fisherman,down on his luck,and his supreme ordeal——arelentless,agonizing battle with a giant marlin far out in the Gulf Stream.Here Hemingway recasts,in strikingly contemporary style,the classic thene of courage in the face of defeat,of personal triumph won from los.Written in 1952,this hugely successfully novella confirmed his power and presence in the literary world and played a huge part in his winning the 1954 Nobel Prize for Literature. The novel is very famous in the world, so lot of people like this novel. We also studied it in ourChinese class, Hemingways novel are always interesting I like his novel much, also in his novel we can learn a lot by his meanings. It’s really a good novel for people to read.英文读书笔记【三】《鲁宾孙漂流记》I read the book of Robinson Crusoe, their captors.Article describes multiple sailing in the whole island, Crusoe masters of extraordinary survival 28 years experience, strive for survival, show the ingenuity and a man with indomitable perseverance in the face of hardship persistent existence desire, the lonely and eager to rescue the mood. In a lonely island overcome Robinson was done with fear, a savage and said he was "on Friday, they get along with each other, then built on Friday, Crusoe one kind of warm friendship." I also enjoy the disclosure of the business concept: Crusoe each sailing and adventure has clear commercial purpose, with his own property and calculating profit, he will also oneself life the island is his territory, in addition to reveal its economic thought, I admire John Robinsons rich, more learning his strong initiative and spirit of adventure, early efforts, hard work, and perfect kindness thought!英文读书笔记【四】《朝花夕拾》i read the book written by luxun .it is called zhaohuaxishi. it includes 10 short articles about the writers stories .they are based on his own experience , when i read this book ,i feel very happy to see luxuns childhood. it was diffrent from ours,so we may find it intersting and exciting. luxuns langange is very great but maybe difficult to understand . but through his words ,we can find his happiness in his heart .英文读书笔记【五】《简爱》Jane Eyre is a first-person narrative of the title character, a small, plain-faced, intelligent and honest English orphan. The novel goes through five distinct stages: Janes childhood at Gateshead, where she is abused by her aunt and cousins; her education at Lowood School, where she acquires friends and role models but also suffers privations; her time as the governess of Thornfield Manor, where she falls in love with her Byronic employer, Edward Rochester; her time with the Rivers family at Marshs End (or Moor House) and Morton, where her cold clergyman-cousin St John Rivers proposes to her; and her reunion with and marriage to her beloved Rochester at his house of Ferndean. Partly autobiographical, the novel abounds with social criticism and sinister gothic elements.。

〔电影〕TheGoodGirl 麦田守望者贾丝廷（珍妮佛·安妮斯顿饰），生活在德克萨斯州的一个小地方。

她其实已经不能被称作女孩，因为她和她的丈夫，菲尔（约翰·雷利饰），已经步入婚姻的第七个年头，正是所谓的“七年之痒”。

其实她不能说过得有多么不幸福，虽然丈夫菲尔整天与他的朋友布达（蒂姆·布雷克·尼尔森饰）沉醉在大麻的虚幻世界；虽然那毒品已进入菲尔的血液，导致了他的不育。

但在那样的小城，这一切只不过是司空见惯。

唯一让贾丝廷迷惑的是，究竟在这个麻木的地方，有没有一个人，真的会，喜欢她……在她的工作地点，一家廉价的连锁超市里，她的目光扫过那些空通乏味的脸，停留在一个刚刚走上社会的小男人，超市的新出纳，霍尔顿（杰克·吉伦希尔饰）身上。

霍尔顿是这个年轻人自己起的名字，因为他疯狂地迷恋《麦田守望者》一书的主角霍尔顿。

他同样也是孤独的、反叛的、探寻的、迷茫的。

他们两个人从开始一起分享感想与故事，慢慢变成了在汽车旅馆的床上分享那刚刚发掘的欲望。

贾丝廷甚至以为，这一次，将是她从乏味的生活折磨中解脱的最好转机。

但是，当他们的肉欲交流日益频繁的时候，她发现自己已无法满足霍尔顿那日益膨胀的各种要求。

更可怕的是，他们的私情已经被布达发现。

布达利用匿名信，对她进行无休止的勒索。

而且，她怀孕了……这样的人生路口，迷茫的贾丝廷不知道应该回到那乏味却安全周而复始当中，还是应该毅然地背离那昔日的平庸，做一个不回头的麦田守望者。

她，可以选择么？幕后：又是一个婚外恋题材的影片。

但在让你沉思之前，首先拥有的是那会心的笑。

作为一个黑色喜剧，它的讽刺与幽默，它的忧伤与欢快，拿捏的都刚刚好。

美国各大媒体这次罕见的一致，对本片持“一边倒”的肯定态度。

当然，这与导演米格尔·阿特塔的出色技艺是分不开的。

2000年，一部小制作的同志影片《查克和贝克》(Chuck & Buck)，为导演米格尔·阿特塔赢得了2001年独立精神奖最佳故事片奖(成本50万美元以下)，同时也为他赢得数不清的赞誉。

麦田里的守望者主要内容麦田的守望者各章梗概麦田里的守望者主要内容（一）《麦田里的守望者》故事讲述的主人公是16岁的中学生霍尔顿·考尔德是当代美国文学中最早出现的反英雄形象之一，霍尔顿出身中纽约一个富裕的中产阶级家庭。

学校里的老师和自己的家长强迫他好好读书，为的是出人头地，以便将来买辆凯迪拉克，而在学校里一天到晚干的，就是谈女人，酒和性，他看不惯周围的一切，根本没心思用功读书，因而老是挨罚，到他第四次被开除时，他不敢回家。

便只身在美国最繁华的纽约城游荡了一天两夜，住小客店，逛 ___ ___女友他在电影院里百无聊赖地消磨时光，糊里糊涂地召了 ___，情不自禁的与虚荣的女友搂搂抱抱，与此同时，他的内心又十分苦闷，企图逃出虚伪的 ___世界去寻批纯洁与真理的经历与 ___。

这种精神上无法调和的极度矛盾最终令他 ___崩溃，躺倒在精神病院里概述：本书的主人公霍尔顿是个中学生，出身于富裕的中产阶级家庭。

他虽只有16岁，但比常人高出一头，整日穿着风雨衣，戴着鸭舌帽，游游荡荡，不愿读书。

他对学校里的一切老师、同学、功课、球赛等等，全都腻烦透了，3次被学校开除。

又一个学期结束了，他又因5门功课中4门不及格被校方开除。

他丝毫不感到难受。

在和同 ___的同学打了一架后，他深夜离开学校，回到纽约城，但他不敢贸然回家。

当天深夜住进了一家小旅馆。

他在旅馆里看到的都是些不三不四的人，有穿戴女装的男人，有相互喷水、喷酒的男女，他们寻欢作乐，忸怩作态，使霍尔顿感到恶心和惊讶。

他无聊之极，便去 ___厮混了一阵。

回旅馆时，心里仍觉得十分烦闷，糊里糊涂答应电梯工毛里斯，让他叫来了一个 ___。

___一到他又紧张害怕，最后按讲定的 ___给了五块钱，把她打发走了。

第二天是星期天，霍尔顿上街游荡，遇见两个修女，捐了10块钱。

后来他的女友萨丽去看了场戏，又去溜冰。

看到萨丽那假情假义的样子，霍尔顿很不痛快，两人吵了一场，分了手。

Summary: Chapter 1Holden Caulfield writes his story from a rest home to which he has been sent for therapy. He refuses to talk about his early life, mentioning only that his brother D.B. is a Hollywood writer. He hints that he is bitter because D. B. has sold out to Hollywood, forsaking a career in serious literature for the wealth and fame of the movies. He then begins to tell the story of his breakdown, beginning with his departure from Pencey Prep, a famous school he attended in Agerstown, Pennsylvania.Holden’s career at Pencey Prep has been marred by his refusal to apply himself, and after failing four of his five subjects—he passed only English—he has been forbidden to return to the school after the fall term. The Saturday before Christmas vacation begins, Holden stands on Thomsen Hill overlooking the football field, where Pencey plays its annual grudge match against Saxon Hall. Holden has no interest in the game and hadn’t planned to watch it at all. He is the manager of the school’s fencing team and is supposed to be in New York for a meet, but he lost the team’s equipment on the subway, forcing everyone to return early.Holden is full of contempt for the prep school, but he looks for a way to “say goodbye” to it. He fondly remembers throwing a football with friends even after it grew dark outside. Holden walks away from the game to go say goodbye to Mr. Spencer, a former history teacher who is very old and ill with the flu. He sprints to Spencer’s house, but since he is a heavy smoker, he has to stop to catch his breath at the main gate. At the door, Spencer’s wife greets Holden warmly, and he goes in to see his teacher.Summary: Chapter 2“Life is a game, boy. Life is a game that one plays according to the rules.”(See Important Quotations Explained)Holden greets Mr. Spencer and his wife in a manner that suggests he is close to them. He is put off by his teacher’s rather decrepit condition but seems otherwise to respect him. In his sickroom, Spencer tries to lecture Holden about his academic failures. He confirms Pencey’s headmaster’s assertion that “[l]ife is a game” and tells Holden that he must learn to play by the rules. Although Spencer clearly feels affection for Holden, he bluntly reminds the boy that he flunked him, and even forces him to listen to the terrible essay he handed in about the ancient Egyptians. Finally, Spencer tries to convince Holden to think about his future. Not wanting to be lectured, Holden interrupts Spencer and leaves, returning to his dorm room before dinner.Analysis: Chapters 1–2Holden Caulfield is the protagonist of The Catcher in the Rye,and the mostimportant function of these early chapters is to establish the basics of his personality. From the beginning of the novel, Holden tells his story in a bitterly cynical voice. He refuses to discuss his early life, he says, because he is bored by “all that David Copperfield kind of crap.” He gives us a hint that something catastrophic has happened in his life, acknowledging that he writes from a rest home to tell about “this madman stuff” that happened to him around the previous Christmas, but he doesn’t yet go into specifics. The particularities of his story are in keeping with his cynicism and his boredom. He has failed out of school, and he leaves Spencer’s house abruptly because he does not enjoy being confronted by his actions.Beneath the surface of Holden’s tone and behavior runs a more idealistic, emotional current. He begins the story of his last day at Pencey Prep by telling how he stood at the top of Thomsen Hill, preparing to leave the school and trying to feel “some kind of a good-by.” He visits Spencer in Chapter 2 even though he failed Spencer’s history class, and he seems to respond to Mrs. Spencer’s kindness. What bothers him the most, in these chapters and throughout the book, is the hypocrisy and ugliness around him, which diminish the innocence and beauty of the external world—the unpleasantness of Spencer’s sickroom, for instance, and his hairless legs sticking out of his pajamas. Salinger thus treats his narrator as more than a mere portrait of a cynical postwar rich kid at an impersonal and pressure-filled boarding school. Even in these early chapters, Holden connects with life on a very idealistic level; he seems to feel its flaws so deeply that he tries to shield himself with a veneer of cynicism. The Catcher in the Rye is in many ways a book about the betrayal of innocence by the modern world; despite his bitter tone, Holden is an innocent searching desperately for a way to connect with the world around him that will not cause him pain. In these early chapters, the reader already begins to sense that Holden is not an entirely reliable narrator and that the reality of his situation is somehow different from the way he describes it. In part this is simply because Holden is a first-person narrator describing his own experiences from his own point of view. Any individual’s point of view, in any novel or story, is necessarily limited. The reader never forgets for a moment who is telling this story, because the tone, grammar, and diction are consistently those of an adolescent—albeit a highly intelligent and expressive one—and every event receives Holden’s distinctive commentary. However, Holden’s narrative contains inconsistencies that make us question what he says. For instance, Holden characterizes Spencer’s behavior throughout as vindictive and mean-spirited, but Spencer’s actions clearly seem to be motivated by concern for Holden’s well-being. Holden seems to be looking for reasons not to listen to Spencer.。

英文名著经典句子１00句导读：本文就是关于英文名著经典句子100句，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评与分享！1、您有一处建在房子里面得小池塘吗？在那个小池塘里,您可以随时观察水中生物生活得每一个片断。

《昆虫记》ﻫDo you hａve a ｓmall pond built in the ｈouse? In ｔｈat ｓmalｌｐon ｄ, yoｕcan watcｈｅvery pａｒt ｏf lｉfe iｎtｈe watｅｒaｔaｎy time、2、神要就是公然去跟人作对，那就是任何人都难以对付得。

《荷马史诗》ﻫIf God openly ｃoｎｆroｎtｓpeｏplｅ，iｔｉs difficult foｒａnyｏne to deal witｈit、3、离开一辈子后,她又回到了自己出生得那片土地上.从小到大,她一直就是那个地方得目击者。

《尤利西斯》ﻫAfteｒｌeaving ｈis lifｅ, hｅretｕrneｄto the laｎd ｗhere he ｗaｓborｎ、From ｃｈildhｏod to childhood，he has beeｎa witnesｓt ｏthａt pｌａcｅ、ﻫ4、当格里高·萨姆莎从烦躁不安得梦中醒来时,发现她在床上变成了一个巨大得跳蚤.《变形记》Whｅn Grigo Samsa aｗoke from a rｅstless dreａm, he fouｎd thａt ｈe ｈaｄbｅe ａhｕge fleａin bed、ﻫ５、一个人如果遭到大家嫌弃,多半就是自己不好。

《名利场》Ｉf a ｐerson is disliｋｅｄbｙｅvｅryoｎe，iｔｉs mｏsｔｌｙhis oｗｎfault、ﻫ6、生命中真正重要得不就是您遭遇了什么，而就是您记住了哪些事，又就是如何铭记得。

《百年孤独》Ｗhａt really matters in ｌifｅis nｏt what you encouｎtｅr，bｕt wｈat you rｅmembｅr anｄｈｏwｙou remember iｔ、７、生活总就是让我们遍体鳞伤，但到后来,那些受伤得地方一定会变成我们最强壮得地方.《永别了武器》ﻫLife aｌwａys bruｉｓes uｓａｌｌover, but in the eｎd, those injured ｐｌacｅs wｉlｌbee our ｓtｒongest ｐlａｃes、8、傲慢让别人无法来爱我,偏见让我无法去爱别人。

麦田守望者(英文版)********************************************************Author: J.D. SalingerTitle: The Catcher in the RyeOriginal copyright year: 1951Genre: FictionComments:Source:Date of e-text:Prepared by:********************************************************Catcher in the Rye J. D. Salinger---------------------------------------------------------1951J. D. SALINGER'STHE CATCHER IN THE RYEby Joseph ClaroSERIES EDITORMichael SpringEditor, Literary CavalcadeScholastic Inc.ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe would like to acknowledge the many painstaking hours of work Holly Hughes and Thomas F. Hirsch have devoted to making the BookNotes series a success.(C) Copyright 1984 by Barron's Educational Series, Inc. Electronically Enhanced Text (C) Copyright 1993, World Library, Inc. CONTENTSCONTENTS SECTION.......................... SEARCH ONTHE AUTHOR AND HIS TIMES................. SCATAUTHTHE NOVELThe Plot................................. SCATPLOTThe Characters........................... SCATCHAROther Elements Setting............................. SCATSETT Themes.............................. SCATTHEM Style............................... SCATSTYLPoint of View....................... SCATVIEWForm and Structure.................. SCATFORMTHE STORY................................ SCATSTORA STEP BEYONDTests and Answers........................ SCATTESTTerm Paper Ideas......................... SCATTERMThe Critics.............................. SCATCRITAdvisory Board........................... SCATADVB Bibliography............................. SCATBIBLAUTHOR_AND_HIS_TIMESTHE AUTHOR AND HIS TIMES (SCATAUTH) -J. D. Salinger shares at least one important trait with hischaracter Holden Caulfield- a powerful urge to separate himself from society.Holden, the chief character of The Catcher in the Rye, tells us thathe wants to live on the edge of the woods; Salinger realized this dreamby retreating to a small farm town in New Hampshire, where the townspeople seem as devoted to his privacy as he is himself. There, in Cornish, Salinger has been able to escape the distractions of theliterary world and to avoid people who have sought to capitalize on his instant fame following the publication of The Catcher in the Rye in 1951.Little is known about Salinger's life since he moved to Cornish.Local residents enjoy protecting Salinger's anonymity, and interviewswith them typically have produced bland, noncommittal responses thatmake Salinger sound about as interesting as last month's newspaper. Salinger himself refuses to be interviewed.The facts of Salinger's earlier life, however, are on the record. Jerome David Salinger was born in New York City in 1919, the son of a prosperous importer of meat and cheese. He was a mediocre student in the public school he attended, and after he flunked out of the private McBurney School, his parents sent him to Valley Forge Military Academyin Pennsylvania.He later spent less than a month at New York University and thentook a short-story course at Columbia University. His first story was published in 1940. From 1942 to 1946 he was in the Army, continuing to write "whenever I can find time and an unoccupied foxhole." He returned to New York in 1946, and in the next few years had stories published in various periodicals, notably The New Yorker.In 1953 Salinger met Claire Douglas, a British-born Radcliffe student. She apparently became the model for more than one of his characters. They were married two years later, and they have two children, Margaret Ann, born in 1955, and Matthew, born in 1960. They were divorced in 1967.Salinger's later published works have all been stories. Most of them deal with the children of the Glass family, who, like Salinger, have a Jewish father and a Christian mother. These stories have been collected in Nine Stories (1953); Franny and Zooey (1961); and Raise High the Roof Beam, Carpenters and Seymour: An Introduction (1963). All three books received considerable critical praise and were very popular.Salinger's published literary output declined over the years. By the early 1980s, he had not published a work in some twenty years. Still, he is considered one of the most vital writers of the century. His reputation rests largely on The Catcher in the Rye. -In Chapter 12 of The Catcher in the Rye, Holden Caulfield is at abar listening to a jazz piano player whose work he enjoys. The applause from the audience, and the musician's acceptance of it, lead Holden to say: "I swear to God, if I were a piano player or an actor or somethingand all those dopes thought I was terrific, I'd hate it. I wouldn't even want them to clap for me.... I'd play it in the goddam closet."When you think of the life that Salinger chose while he was still a young man with a promising literary future, you realize that these sentences express his worldview as much as Holden's. Careful readers of Salinger's fiction have found many other statements that might also be the sentiments of a man who deserted fame in order to be able to work on his own.It's not only the feelings about fame that the author and his character have in common. Salinger has often said that children are the best people he knows, a statement that Holden would happily echo. Salinger left New York City primarily because he found its literary circles at best unsatisfying; Holden can't stand being surrounded by phonies everywhere he goes.Salinger grew up in New York City, and so did Holden. Salinger went to a prep school, and so does Holden. Like Holden, Salinger was a bright child whose grades in school were not an accurate reflection of his intelligence. It's clear from The Catcher in the Rye and his other works that Salinger is one of those writers whose works seem to flow directly from experience. He tends to write about familiar territory. But this is far from saying that his characters are strictly autobiographical.In addition, this kind of information is of less importance to a reader of the novel than it is to a biographer. If you were doingresearch for a biography of Salinger, it could be vital for you to learn that one of his characters was based on a real person. But it's almost irrelevant to an enjoyment of the novel.To many contemporary readers encountering it for the first time, The Catcher in the Rye fits neatly into a classification called Young Adult Fiction. This is a category that includes serious novels dealing with teenage characters, and written with a teenage reading audience in mind.Lumping Salinger's book together with thousands of others in this category, however, doesn't do justice to The Catcher in the Rye. Whenthe book was published in 1951, there was no such category as YoungAdult Fiction. Salinger attracted the attention of the reading audience because he was breaking new ground.Not only did The Catcher in the Rye have a teenager for a central character; he spoke in a manner that was easily recognizable as genuine, and he talked about matters that were serious enough to make even the most complacent reader a bit uncomfortable. One of those matters was his inability to fit into the world of adults.Such books may be very common today, but in 1951 a teenager talking about his innermost concerns was considered a somewhat eccentricliterary device- a reviewer for The New York Times didn't even take the book seriously.Salinger's novel was definitely a groundbreaker in its field. As you read it, try to envision the impact this novel had on its first readers back in 1951. If you're like most readers then, you'll learn much aboutyourself as well as about Holden Caulfield as you explore the world of The Catcher in the Rye.THE_PLOTTHE NOVEL -THE PLOT (SCATPLOT) -If you think of a plot as a series of events that build one on another toward a climax, then the plot of The Catcher in the Rye is one of its least significant aspects. It can be summarized in a few paragraphs, but the summary will give only an indication of what the novel is about.Holden Caulfield is a sixteen-year-old prep school student who has flunked out of school the week before Christmas. Several days beforehe's expected home for Christmas vacation, he leaves school, planning to spend some time on his own in New York City, where he lives.Though Holden is friendly with many people at school, and though he has several friends in New York, he's constantly lonesome and in need of someone who will sympathize with his feelings of alienation.The person Holden feels closest to is his ten-year-old sister, Phoebe, but he can't call her for fear of letting his parents know he has left school. He spends his time with a variety of people, but hecan't make meaningful contact with any of them.After a day of this futility, he sneaks into his home to see Phoebe, but she disappoints him by being annoyed at his being expelled fromstill another school. Holden decides that the only solution to hisoverwhelming problem is to run away and establish a new identity as a deaf mute who will not need to communicate with anyone.On the verge of a nervous collapse, Holden changes his mind and decides to rejoin his family. He then enters a hospital or rest home not far from Hollywood, California, and he is telling us his story while in this institution. At the novel's close, Holden isn't sure whether he'll be able to handle things better when he leaves the institution, and he's sorry he told his story at all.Those are the bare bones of the story, but there's much more to The Catcher in the Rye than its story. It's a rich psychological portrait of a boy who's frightened at the prospect of growing up, a boy who has few of the tools necessary to face the world on his own. Although the book takes place during only three days, it is as much an autobiography as anything else, because Holden constantly digresses to tell us about things that happened long before this period in his life. Because of Salinger's skill in describing someone in just a few sentences, we also meet several characters who are instantly recognizable.The Catcher in the Rye has an intriguing story. And it also contains marvelous character portraits; a statement on the relationship of outsiders to society; a psychological analysis of the process of growing up; and many more things, which you'll discover as you read it.THE_CHARACTERSTHE CHARACTERS (SCATCHAR) -HOLDEN CAULFIELDHolden is the sixteen-year-old son of wealthy parents who live near Central Park in New York City. He is telling the story from a rest home or hospital near Hollywood. Holden has just flunked out of his third prep school, an event he tries without success to feel badly about. Because of his age, school should be the most important institution in his life, but Holden has no use for it. Although he's intelligent and fairly well read, school represents repression to him; it stands for the "phony" standards and values he hates.Holden is sensitive, probably too sensitive for his own good, and he suffers from an almost uncontrollable urge to protect people he sees as vulnerable. He is attracted to the weak and the frail, and he "feels sorry for" losers of all kinds, even those who cause him pain, discomfort, or trouble. But the main focus of Holden's protective instinct is children, whom he sees as symbols of goodness and innocence, and whom he would like to shield against corruption.One sign of corruption in Holden's worldview is the process of growing up, since it removes us from the perfect innocence of childhood. He has a daydream about children who never grow up, who remain in that perfect world forever, and his own problems of facing the real world are linked to that daydream.Holden is essentially a loner, but not because he dislikes people. His loneliness arises from the fact that no one seems to share his view of the world, no one understands what's going on in his head. His pooracademic record is one indication of his failure to deal with this problem, a problem that builds to a climax in the course of the novel. - PHOEBE CAULFIELDPhoebe is Holden's ten-year-old sister, a bright and articulate girl who sometimes talks to Holden as though she were older than he. She'sone of the few people he feels great affection for, and he talks about her with obvious delight. She's the personification of Holden'sidealized view of childhood, and she seems actually to possess all the wonderful qualities Holden ascribes to her. The problem for Holden isthat she's a real person, not an idealization, and she's already showing signs of the process of growing up. Phoebe appears in person very latein the book, but she plays a central role in Holden's thoughts, and has much influence on what happens to him at the end of the novel. - ALLIE CAULFIELDAllie was Holden's younger brother. He died in 1946, three years before the events in the novel. As with Phoebe, Holden has idealized the brother he loved very much; unlike Phoebe, Allie's personality is frozen in memory, and he'll never face the corruption of growing up. Holden talks about Allie in the same loving terms he uses for Phoebe, and he even talks to his dead brother in moments of stress. -D. B. CAULFIELDD. B. is Holden's older brother, another family character we never see, although Holden mentions him often. In the book's opening paragraph Holden tells us that D. B. is a writer of short stories who's now "outin Hollywood... being a prostitute"- that is, not being an honest writer. -MRS. CAULFIELDHolden's mother makes a brief appearance late in the book, but we never see her together with her son. She appears to be a high-strung woman, a condition Holden relates to Allie's death. She seems not to be very interested in Phoebe's activities, and the same is probably true of Holden's. -MR. CAULFIELDWe never see Mr. Caulfield, and we know very little about him. He'sa successful corporation lawyer. His interest in Holden's welfareextends at least far enough for him to have discussed the matterrecently with one of Holden's former teachers. -JANE GALLAGHERJane is a girl Holden spent the summer with eighteen months beforethe start of the story. Though she's about two years older than he is, her shyness and insecurity awakened Holden's protective instincts. She symbolizes innocence in Holden's mind, as Phoebe and Allie do. Holden hasn't seen Jane since that summer, but he remembers her fondly as the shy girl who kept all her kings in the back row when they played checkers. Although she never appears in the book, she helps precipitate the book's first crisis, when Holden's womanizing roommate has a date with her. Holden talks about contacting her throughout the book, but he never does. -WARD STRADLATERStradlater, Holden's roommate at school, is likable and outgoing, handsome, athletic, and very attractive to girls. He's not sensitive to people's feelings, and in Holden's mind he represents a class of successful people who live by false values and take advantage of others. Holden becomes very upset when he learns that Stradlater has a date with Jane Gallagher, and the situation ends in a fist fight. - ROBERT ACKLEYAckley lives in the room next to Holden's at school. He'sconsistently nasty. Holden understands that Ackley's offensiveness stems from insecurity, but that doesn't make him any easier to get along with. -SALLY HAYESSally is a good-looking but shallow girl Holden has dated in the past, and one of several people to whom he reaches out for help. Like Stradlater, Sally represents the phony values Holden hates, but her physical attractiveness leads Holden to put his principles aside. He tries to explain to her what's happening in his life, but she's incapable of relating to his problems. Even though he hates everything she stands for, Holden proposes marriage to her in a moment of extreme weakness. -CARL LUCELuce is a college student who used to be a senior adviser to Holden when they both attended the same prep school. Luce was notorious forholding discussions on sex with younger students; Holden suspects he might be a homosexual. Though Holden hasn't seen him in a long time, he calls Luce in his desperate need to talk to someone. -MR. SPENCERMr. Spencer, an older history teacher at Pencey prep, is concerned about Holden's academic failure. He invites Holden to his home to talk things over, but the conversation is a disaster. Though Spencer's concern is genuine, he doesn't have an inkling of what Holden is like, and all he can offer are cliches and slogans as advice. - MR. ANTOLINIMr. Antolini is a former English teacher of Holden's. Like Spencer,he's concerned about Holden's welfare, but his interest is more personal than Spencer's. (At one point Holden thinks it's too personal.) Antolini is young and understanding, and he seems to have an idea of what's bothering Holden.SETTINGOTHER ELEMENTS -SETTING (SCATSETT) -The physical action of the book takes place in 1949 at two locations. The first seven chapters- about one quarter of the book-are set at Pencey Prep, a private school for boys in eastern Pennsylvania. Then Holden takes a train ride, and the rest of the book takes place in New York City.New York City, though, isn't a very accurate description of themajor setting. It's actually Manhattan, but even that doesn't narrow it down enough, because Holden's adventures take him through only afraction of Manhattan, a section less than four miles long and probably half as wide.Add to this the fact that Holden gives very little description of most of the places where he goes, and you have a novel that seems to have no real setting. But that isn't the case at all.In the first place, Holden gives some description of each place he's in, but he does it in the casual, throwaway manner that characterizes most of his speech. It's so casual, in fact, that you may not even be aware of reading a descriptive passage.Second, Holden describes his surroundings when they're important to him. You may find yourself looking forward to visiting the American Museum of Natural History after he's told you about it. He paints a memorable picture of the carousel in Central Park when Phoebe decides to take a ride. He does the same for Fifth Avenue on a shopping day before Christmas.These descriptions are less important than in most novels. The Catcher in the Rye could take place almost anywhere in the United States (and in many places throughout the world). That's because the true setting of the book is Holden's mind. Critics say such a book is an interior monologue or that it employs the stream-of-consciousness technique.So many incidents in The Catcher in the Rye took place before the weekend we're spending with Holden, so much of what has deeply affected him happened years earlier, and such an important part of his life goes on inside his head, that the present physical setting becomes almost incidental to the story being told.As for the time the story takes place, don't even think about it during your first reading. (There's a good chance that you'll want to read it again.) Except for a few minor references, which are pointed out as they appear in the story (see The Story section of this guide), the book reads as though it were written very recently. That's one of the reasons why people are still reading it after all these years.THEMESTHEMES (SCATTHEM) -When you're talking about a novel that says something significant about how people live, it's a mistake to use a sentence that begins, "The theme of this novel is..." A good novel doesn't have only one theme. Good novels are about many things and have several themes.The Catcher in the Rye is no exception. It can be read in several different ways, and every reading can be rewarding. You might get one message from your first reading and an entirely different message from a second reading five or ten years from now.Here are some statements that have been made about the novel. Think about them as you read. After you've finished, decide how accurate you think each of them is in capturing the essence of the book. -1. It is a novel about a disturbed teenager. Holden can't cope with people, with school, or with everyday problems that people his age must face. He avoids reality by living a fantasy life, and every forced contact with reality drives him deeper into himself. According to this analysis, he is anything but a typical teenager, and he certainly isn'ta good role model for young people.2. It is about a teenager who refuses to grow up. He has a fixation on childhood, which shows itself in his glorifying of children, his inordinate admiration of his younger sister, his idealization of his dead younger brother, and the joy he gets from reminiscing about his own childhood. He brings on his illness so he won't have to face his approaching adulthood.3. It is a comment on the insensitivity of modern society. Holden isa hero who stands against the false standards and hypocrisy that almost all others accept. As much as he would like to accept the world and be comfortable like almost everyone else, he can't pretend that his society is worthwhile.4. It is a comic novel about the way the adult world appears to an intelligent literate teenager. Holden subjects everyone he meets to a probing examination; and almost everyone fails. His comments are more about human nature in general than about individual people, which helps explain why the book remains popular.5. It is about a boy who struggles to remain faithful to what he sees as the truth. His version of truth, however, is very subjective,and not necessarily correct. In his mind even good or beautiful things can be tainted because of the true motives of their creators.STYLESTYLE (SCATSTYL) -In one sense, Salinger was trying to capture the speech patternsof a typical teenager of the 1950s. But language reveals character, and the manner in which Holden expresses himself also gives us many important insights into his personality. His loose, rambling expressions reflect his own inner confusion. He often seems unwilling or afraid to say exactly what he feels, first, because he doesn't know what he feels, and, second, because he's afraid of revealing himself to a world that is either indifferent to him or ready to tear him apart. His language is trite, imprecise, and imitative because of his own lack of self-determination, and because of his inability or unwillingness to communicate with others. His use of the word "really" (as in "It really is") and his repetition of the expression, "if you want to know the truth," reflect his commitment to sincerity, and his drive to dissociate himself from the so-called phonies, who use language to hide from their feelings.As you read, you'll notice that Salinger frequently italicizes words. This is part of his attempt to accurately duplicate speech patterns- an italicized word is one that is emphasized or stressed when spoken. (Remember that the whole book is really a monologue- an interior monologue- spoken by Holden.) Salinger was one of the first writers inEnglish to frequently use italics to indicate regular spoken emphasis- not just a loud voice or a scream. Many writers have since used the technique.VIEWPOINT OF VIEW (SCATVIEW) -As is generally true of a work of fiction told in the first person, we learn about all the events and characters through the eyes of the narrator. This subjective point of view has added significance in The Catcher in the Rye. "The setting of the book," we suggested earlier in this guide, "is Holden's mind" The point of view is an integral part of Salinger's exploration of that mind. The first-person narration invites a reader to share Holden's feeling that he's an outsider observing a world he can't accept- or completely reject. The reader should be aware, however, that the narration is slanted and may not report matters accurately.FORMFORM AND STRUCTURE (SCATFORM) -Holden tells his story in a series of flashbacks, or digressions. There is nothing logical or orderly about the way a person's memory works, and so Holden's mind drifts in and out of the past, dwelling on moments that often seem to bear little relationship to each other.Like a patient on a psychiatrist's couch, he lets his mind take him where it will. One memory- one emotion- triggers another, and it's up to us as readers to try to discover the relationship between them.Some readers have suggested that these flashbacks signify Holden's inability to deal with the world he lives in. Others say they reflect his introspective personality; still others say they are a sign that Holden's grip on reality is loosening, and that he can no longer distinguish between past and present.While you're reading The Catcher in the Rye it's easy to forget that Holden is telling the story from a hospital bed, and that he's there because of the events he tells us about in the book. In the first paragraph of the novel he says that these events "happened to me around last Christmas just before I got pretty rundown and had to come out here and take it easy." It isn't until the last chapter of the book that we see another reference to the place where he's recuperating.This hospital (or rest home) setting is the overall structure on which the story is built. Some people have said that Salinger used this structure to identify Holden as a misfit, a person who can't cope, someone who needs professional help to deal with life's problems.Others have said that this structure simply sets Holden apart from everything he's experienced, that it distances him from the people and events he tells us about.Within that structure the story itself divides neatly into three parts. The first part has Holden at Pencey, preparing to leave on his own before he's formally expelled.In this first section Holden tells us about two of the three important people in his life- his dead brother Allie and Jane Gallagher.Although she never appears, Jane plays an important role in this section because she's on a date with Holden's roommate. In fact, you could argue that the fight he has over her with his roommate is the real reason he decides to leave school on Saturday night.Chapter 8 serves as a transition from Pencey to New York City. The second part of the book, which begins with Chapter 9, has Holden trying to find someone he can talk honestly with, someone he can make contact with, someone who will understand what's bothering him.This is also the section in which we learn about Phoebe, the other important person in Holden's life. By the end of this section, in Chapter 20, Holden is more alone than ever before, he's close to hysteria, and he's thinking about what a relief death would be.When Holden decides to go home and visit Phoebe, the novel entersthe third and final section. In this section Holden has to face some ugly truths that he's been trying hard to avoid- truths about his sister, about childhood innocence, and about himself.When the third section reaches a climax in Chapter 25 we're abruptly brought back to the outside structure of the novel, the bed from which Holden is speaking. It's in this outside structure, from a vantage point several months and several thousand miles away, that Holden makes his final comments on the whole matter.CHAPTER_1THE STORY (SCATSTOR) -CHAPTER 1 -。

霍尔顿的悲剧命运Holden Caulfield tragic life于晨颖 河北司法警官职业学院基础教育部 河北 邯 郸 056004邢 娜 河北司法警官职业学院基础教育部 河北 石家庄 050081 [中图分类号]：I106 [文献标识码]：A [文章编号]：1002-2139(2011)-13-0032-02IntroductionThe hero in Salinger’s novel, Holden Caulfield, a 16-year-old boy, who has a rich family and studies in famous schools, should have had a happy childhood and grown up healthily. However, he has been kicked out of four schools. He cannot accept the phony adult world and is ultimately driven crazy by worldly life and ends in the mental hospital. Holden’s life is tragic.I Social problems made Holden cannot grow up healthilyHolden should have a promising future. However, he doesn’t apply for himself in the studies and does not try to have a secure job with high status in the future as his father hopes him to be. He has been kicked out of four schools. Holden thinks every teacher is phony and just pretends to be helpful to students. This is sarcasm to education. From Holden’s experience and criticism, one can see that education in school, which should have helped him grow up healthily, is incapable of facilitating Holden to adapt to the mature society. Holden is the sacrifice of the unsuccessful education.After World War II, America became wealthier. Although material civilization is highly developed, the inner-worlds of American people are empty. Holden is a young, affluent teenager in 1950’s America who resents materialism. As a boy who wants to retain a child’s innocence and sincerity, he cannot adapt himself to the material society.II His indifferent family decides Holden’s rebel character.In one’s growing-up period, family is very import to form child’s character. Child can get warm and satisfaction easily if he grows up in a family full of love and understanding. However, child will feel void and distrustful if he lacks of family warm and love. Holden can get all he wants from his parents except moral requirement. His parents are absent when Holden appears in the whole novel and the only meeting of them is in a dark place.Holden is the second eldest son of Mr. and Mrs. Caulfield. Mr. Caulfield is a lawyer. His wife works as a homemaker.Actually, Holden has an exceptional attitude toward his parents. The term “nice” is an extremely broad term Holden uses to characterize his parents. He does not want to disrespect them, yet he does not feel right praising them either. He wants to please them, but he accomplishes nothing and thus disappoints them.III Personal character leads to Holden’s tragic ending.Holden’s lack of ability to communicate and deal with people is his worst problem. Throughout the novel one can see how hard摘 要：《麦田守望者》是杰罗姆·戴维·赛林格发表于1951年的唯一的一部长篇小说。

麦田守望者英文读后感The Catcher in the Rye is a classic novel that has been beloved by readers for generations. It tells the story of Holden Caulfield, a troubled teenager who is struggling to find his place in the world. The novel is a timeless exploration of the struggles of adolescence, and it continues to resonate with readers of all ages.One of the most striking aspects of The Catcher in the Rye is its portrayal of the teenage experience. Holden Caulfield is a deeply troubled character, and his struggles with depression, loneliness, and alienation are all too relatable for many readers. The novel offers a poignant and honest look at the challenges of growing up, and it is a powerful reminder of the importance of empathy and understanding for young people.In addition to its exploration of the teenage experience, The Catcher in the Rye is also a powerful critique of society. Holden Caulfield is deeply disillusioned with the world around him, and he is constantly frustrated by the hypocrisy and insincerity that he sees in the adults around him. The novel is a powerful indictment of the phoniness and superficiality of modern society, and it serves as a powerful reminder of the importance of authenticity and integrity.One of the most enduring themes of The Catcher in the Rye is the idea of innocence and purity. Holden Caulfield is deeply troubled by the corruption and cynicism that he sees in the world, and he longs to protect the innocence of children from the harsh realities of the adult world. The novel is a powerful exploration of the loss of innocence, and it is a poignant reminder of the importance of preserving the purity and goodness of youth.Overall, The Catcher in the Rye is a timeless and powerful novel that continues to resonate with readers of all ages. Its exploration of the teenage experience, its critique of society, and its themes of innocence and purity all make it a deeply moving and thought-provoking read. It is a novel that has stood the test of time, and it is a must-read for anyone who wants to understand the challenges and complexities of growing up.。

适合背诵的英文原著1.《彼得·潘》詹姆斯·马修·巴利All children,except one,grow up.所有孩子都长大了，除了一个例外。

2.《1984》乔治·奥威尔It was a bright cold day in April, and the clocks were striking thirteen.四月间，天气寒冷晴朗，钟敲了十三下。

3.《双城记》查尔斯·狄更斯It was the best of times, it was the worst oftimes, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of Light, it was the season of darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair, we had everything before us, we had nothing before us, wewere all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way.那是最美好的时代，那是最糟糕的时代；那是智慧的年头，那是愚昧的年头；那是信仰的时期，那是怀疑的时期；那是光明的季节，那是黑暗的季节；那是希望的春天，那是失望的冬天；我们拥有一切，我们一无所有；人们正在直登天堂，也在直下地狱。

4.《藻海无边》简·里斯They say when trouble comes close ranks, and so the white people did. 他们说，当麻烦接踵而至的时候，白人也会这样。

Summary: Chapter 5After a dry and unappetizing steak dinner in the dining hall, Holden gets into a snowball fight with some of the other Pencey boys. He and his friend Mal Brossard decide to take a bus into Agerstown to see a movie—though Holden hates movies—and Holden convinces Mal to let Ackley go with them. As it turns out, Ackley and Brossard have already seen the film, so the trio simply eats some burgers, plays a little pinball, and heads back to Pencey.After the excursion, Mal goes off to look for a bridge game, and Ackley sits on Holden’s bed squeezing pimples and concocting stories about a girl he claimsto have had sex with the summer before. Holden finally gets him to leave by beginning to work on the English assignment for Stradlater. Stradlater had said the composition was supposed to be a simple description of a room, a house,or something similarly straightforward. But Holden cannot think of anything tosay about a house or a room, so he writes about a baseball glove that his brother Allie used to copy poems onto in green ink.Several years before, Allie died of leukemia. Though he was two years younger than Holden, Holden says that Allie was the most intelligent member of his family. He also says that Allie was an incredibly nice, innocent child. Holden clearly still feels Allie’s loss strongly. He gives a brief description of Allie, mentioning his bright red hair. He also recounts that the night Allie died, he slept in the garage and broke all the windows with his bare hands. After he finishes the composition for Stradlater, he stares out the window and listens to Ackley snore in the next room.Summary: Chapter 6Home from his date, Stradlater barges into the room. He reads Holden’s composition and becomes visibly annoyed, asserting that it has nothing to do with the assignment and that it’s no wonder Holden is being expelled. Holden tears the composition up and throws it away angrily. Afterward, he smokes a cigarette in the room just to annoy Stradlater. The tension between the two increases when Holden asks Stradlater about his date with Jane. When Stradlater nonchalantly refuses to tell Holden any of the details, Holden attacks him, but Stradlater pins him to the floor and tries to get him to calm down. Holden relentlessly insults Stradlater, driving him crazy until he punches Holden and bloodies his nose. Stradlater then becomes worried that he has hurt Holden and will get into trouble. Holden insults him some more, and Stradlater finally leaves the room. Holden gets up and goes into Ackley’s room, his face covered in blood.Analysis: Chapters 5–6Holden’s kindness to Ackley in Chapter 5 comes as a surprise after the disdain that Holden has displayed for him in the previous two chapters. Though hecontinues to complain about Ackley, the sympathy he feels for his next-door neighbor is evident when he convinces Mal Brossard to let Ackley join them at the movies. Equally surprising is Holden’s willingness to go to the movies after his diatribes against their superficiality. Holden’s actions are inconsistent with his opinions, but instead of making him seem like a hypocrite, this makes him more likable: he is kind to Ackley without commenting on it, and he shows himself capable of going to the movies with his friends like a normal teenager.The most important revelation in these chapters comes about when Holden writes the composition for Stradlater, divulging that his brother Allie died of leukemia several years before. Holden idealizes Allie, praising his intelligence and sensitivity—the poem--covered baseball glove is a perfect emblem for both—but remaining silent about his emotional reaction to Allie’s death. He alludes to his behavior almost in passing, saying that he slept in the garage on the night of Allie’s death and broke all the windows with his bare hands, “just for the hell of it.”He tried to break the car windows as well, but could not because his hand was already fractured from smashing the garage windows. Throughout the novel, it becomes increasingly clear that Allie’s death was one of the most traumatic experiences of Holden’s life and may play a major role in his current psychological breakdown. Indeed, the cynicism that Holden uses to avoid expressing his feelings may result from Allie’s death.Holden seems to feel increasing pressure as he moves toward leaving school, and Salinger manipulates the details of Holden’s physical environment tomatch his protagonist’s feelings. Holden cannot get a moment alone; Ackley continues to barge in with his made-up sex stories, and when Holden writes the very personal composition about his brother Allie, Stradlater criticizes it andthen taunts Holden about Jane. When Holden finally snaps and attacks his roommate, Stradlater easily overpowers him, and when he tries to seek refugein Ackley’s room, Ackley is so unpleasant that Holden cannot relax. He leaves abruptly, as though trying to escape the torment of his environment. What Holden does not yet realize, however, is that he carries his torment with him, inside himself.。