高三英语第一次模拟考试
第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Do you know the toys below? They were once among the most popular toys.
1960 — Etch A Sketch
French electrician Andre Cassagnes had the idea of a drawing toy with a joy stick, a glass screen, and aluminum (铝) powder. Using that idea, the Ohio Art Co. launched (推出) the Magic Screen in 1960, and you could erase the picture with a shake of your hands. You can still find the toy today.
1964 — SuperBall
What happens when you accidentally create a plastic ball that jumps? The toy company, Wham-O Inc., buys your idea and it ends up selling millions. That’s exactly what happened to Norman Stingley, a chemical engineer who came upon SuperBall. At one time, Wham-O had to produce over 170,000 balls a day to keep up with the demand. Unbelievably, the National Football Game named the Super Bowl game (a well-known American football game) after this jumping ball. 1964 — G.I. Joe
In 1964, Hasbro toy company created G.I. Joe, a line of action figures designed to represent the 4 branches of the US Armed Forces —Action Soldier (Army), Action Sailor (Navy), Action Pilot (Air Force), and the Action Marine (Marine Corps). G.I. Joe was imagined as an excellent military unit devoted to defending citizens’ freedom against the evil persons. It has attracted the imagination of boys around the world.
1965 — Operation
An unsteady hand is your downfall (败落的原因) in the game of Operation, which was invented by John Spinello, a student at the University of Illinois. Later, Spinello sold his right to the toy to a well-known toy designer Marvin Glass for a sum of $500. Operation is currently made by Hasbro, with estimated sales of $40 million.
1. Which toy has a relationship with the sports event?
A.Etch A Sketch.
B. SuperBall.
C. G.I. Joe.
D. Operation.
2.Who probably are most interested in G.I. Joe?
A.Those fond of arts.
B.Those fond of construction.
C.Those fond of brave soldiers.
D.Those fond of kind doctors.
3.If you want to play with Operation successfully, you should __________.
A.keep your hand stable
B.have better teamwork
C.get Norman Stingley’s guidance
D.have a joy stick and a glass screen
B
Attention managers: the next time you need to inspire your team creatively, be more attentive to
your employees’ feelings when you deliver negative feedback (反绩).
Kim，who worked as a software engineer for Samsung after graduation from college, is familiar with having his creative work picked apart. “I personally hate hearing negative feedback as most people do and I wondered if it really improved my performance, particularly when it came to completing creative tasks.” In two studies, Kim found that negative feedback can help or prevent creativity. What is most important is where the criticism (批评) comes from.
When creative professionals or participants received criticism from a boss or a peer, they tended to be less creative in their later work. Interestingly, if a person received negative feedback from an employee of lower rank, they became more creative.
It makes sense that employees might feel threatened by criticism from their managers. Supervisors (监督员；管理者）have a lot of power in deciding promotions or pay raises. So negative feedback from a boss mi运it cause career (职业) anxiety. It also stands to reason that feedback from a co-worker might also be received as threatening. We often compete with our peers for the same promotions and chances.
What Kim found most surprising was how criticism proved to improve supervisors through lessons learned from negative feedback that came from their followers (employees that they manage).
“But we tend to believe we shouldn’t criticize the boss，”says Kim. “In reality，most supervisors don’t detest negative feedback since they want to learn from it. Another reason is that they are in a natural power position and can deal with the discomfort of negative feedback better.”As for giving suggestions to employees，bosses should point out a follower’s poor performance or weak points in time. But they should keep their feedback specific to tasks. Explain how the point they’re discussing relates to only their task behavior, not to aspects of the person. Meanwhile, feedback receivers need to worry less when it comes to receiving criticism.
4.What’s the motivation behind Kim’s study?
A.To work on his essays for graduation.
B.To have a better knowledge of criticism.
C.To call for understanding between workers.
D.To encourage a culture of criticism in the workplace.
5.What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4?
A.What typical power supervisors possess.
B.What feedback can cause career anxieties.
C.How workers can have a good impression on bosses.
D.Why certain criticism harms a person’s performance.
6.What amazed Kim mostly in the study?
A.Some people enjoy negative feedback.
B.Employees are brave to criticize the boss.
C Followers’ criticism may benefit managers.
D.Many bosses sometimes struggle in their work.
7.What does the underlined word “detest” in Paragraph 6 most probably mean?
A.Hate.
B. Understand.
C. Discuss.
D. Provide.
C
Recently according to a new research，humans have had a link to starches (含淀粉的食物) for up to 120,000 years —that’s more than 100,000 years longer than we’ve been able to plant them in
