高考英语必会词汇精讲系列1

现吨市安达阳光实验学校高考易考高频词汇考点精讲一、词汇篇【例题1】There are many who will work hard to ______ their goals,A. achieveB. acquireC. gainD. get【分析】答案：A。

achieve,指通过努力而获得或达到某种目的。

Acquire,指获得或得到知识、名声、学位。

gain，指通过努力或奋斗获得利益、好处或经验。

Get，指用某种方法或手段得到某种东西，这种东西可能是获得者需要或企图想要的，也可能不是。

【背诵】Lucy has achieved all of the goals she set for herself in high school and is ready for new challenges at university. (2007.)【例题2】It is natural that some children are finding it hard to adapt to the new school.A. appealB. adoptC. adaptD. attach【分析】答案：C。

adapt to适；adopt采取；收养；appeal to有感染力；求助于；attach…to…把……系在……上面。

【背诵】1.A fish that lives in mangrove swamps across the Americas can live out of water for months at a time, similar to how animals adapted to land millions of years ago, a new study shows. (2009.2.阅读理解)2. The good thing about children is that they adapt very easily to new environments. (2009..单选)【例题3】-If you like the new house, I suggest you buying it.-But it's really too expensive. I can't______ it.A. getB. affordC. supplyD. support【分析】答案：B。

Ⅰ.认阅读单词1．sex n．性别2．female adj.女(性)的；雌的n．雌性动(植)物；女子3．male adj.男(性)的；雄的n．雄性动(植)物；男子4．guy n．小伙子；男人；家伙5．strategy n．策略；策划6．personality n．性格；共性Ⅱ.记重点单词1．exchange n．& v t.交换；沟通2．lecture n．讲座；讲课；教训v i.(开)讲座；讲课v t.训斥3．campus n．校内4．senior adj.级别(或地位)高的n．较年长的人5．outgoing adj.爱交际的；外向的6．experiment n．试验；试验7．awkward adj.令人尴尬的；难应付的8．junior adj.地位(或职位、级别)低下的n．职位较低者；(体育运动中)青少年9．forward ad v.向前；前进adj.向前的；前进的10．flash n．光；信号v i.& v t.(使)闪烁；发出(信号)11．goal n．目标；球门；射门12．partner n．同伴；配偶；合伙人13．company n．公司；陪伴14．style n．方式；作风Ⅲ.知拓展单词1．registration n．登记；注册；挂号→register v t.& v i.登记；注册2．nationality n．国籍；民族→nation n．国家；民族；国民→national adj.国家的；民族的3．design v t.& n．设计→designer n．设计者4．formal adj.正式的；正规的→formally ad v.正式地→informal adj.非正式的5．anxious adj.焦虑的；担忧的→anxiously ad v.焦虑地→anxiety n．焦虑6．annoy v t.使愤怒；打搅→annoyed adj.愤怒的；生气的→annoying adj.令人愤怒的→annoyance n．愤怒7．frightened adj.惊吓的；可怕的→frightening adj.令人可怕的→frighten v t.使可怕；使惊恐8．impress v t.使鄙视；给……留下深刻的好印象v i.留下印象；引人注目→impression n．印象；感想→impressive adj.令人印象深刻的9．concentrate v i.& v t.集中(留意力)；聚精会神→concentration n．集中；认真10．explore v t.& v i.探究；勘探→exploration n．探究→explorer n．勘探者；探险家11．confident adj.自信的；有把握的→confidence n．信念；信任12．organis(z)e v t.组织；筹备；支配；组建v i.组建；成立→organis(z)ation n．组织；团体→organis(z)er n．组织者13．improve v i.& v t.改进；改善→improvement n．提高；改善14．curious adj.古怪的；求知欲强的→curiously ad v.古怪地→curiosity n．古怪(心)；求知欲15．revise v t.& v i.修改；修订；复习→revision n．复习1．abandon v t.放弃；抛弃；遗弃2．abnormal adj.反常的3．abolish v t.废除；废止4．abruptly ad v.突然地；意外地5．abstract n．摘要adj.抽象的6．absurd adj.荒谬的；可笑的7．abundant adj.大量的；充分的；丰富的8．accelerate v t.& v i.(使……)加快；加速Ⅳ.背核心短语1．senior high school(美国)高中2．at last最终；最终3．make an impression留下好印象4．concentrate on/upon集中精力于5．leave...alone不打搅；不惊动6．junior high school(美国)初级中学7．look forward to期望；期盼8．take notes记笔记9．make friends交伴侣10．come out消灭，露出Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．What if no one talks to me？(What if...？)要是没人和我说话怎么办呢？2．I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.(find＋宾语＋宾补)我觉得我的大多数同学和老师都很友好，而且乐于助人。

高考英语二轮语法词汇复习系列第十五章词汇词汇的意义是由一个词汇所处的特定的上下文所决定的。

高考重点要求：1、熟记《高考英语词汇手册》中列出的单词短语和习惯用法。

2、掌握相当数量的内涵不易搞清或者容易混淆的词汇。

3、注意从逻辑角度辨析词义，注意一词多义掌握常见构词法。

第一节知识点概述词汇辨析题可以分为几类：一、近义词和同义词英语中有大量的近义词和同义词，但它们与其他词的搭配关系不完全一致，有时甚至是大相径庭。

在某种场合下它们有时可以换用，但在另外一些场合下它们又不能互换。

掌握大量的此类近义词同义词是考试制胜的关键之一。

二、形似词和音似词英语中有许多词汇外形相似、发音相近或相同，但意义不同，我们应该注意观察，仔细辨清其不同的拼法、读音及含义。

三、短语动词短语动词是英语中一种使用广泛的重要语言现象，它是由动词和介词或副词连用、表示特定语意的固定结构。

正确使用这类短语动词是英语学习的一大难点。

四、具有特定搭配关系的词汇英语词语的特定搭配是英语学习中的一个重要项目，也是词汇测试的一个重点。

为克服受母语影响而产生的错误，我们必须重视学习符合英美人习惯的词语搭配。

五、习语、成语及固定词组英语中有大量约定俗成的习语、成语及固定词组，它们中有相当一部分往往从字面上猜不出其正确含义。

要掌握它们，广泛运用以及记忆背诵是必不可少的。

六、固定结构中的词汇英语中有些词汇仅用于一些固定结构中，而其他一些同义或近义的词汇则不能替换。

学生应熟悉这些固定结构，以提高应试能力。

七、涉及语法现象的词汇有许多词汇辨析题并不局限于纯粹的词汇意义及搭配的区分，而往往与英语语法有一定的联系。

掌握基本的英语语法对正确解答词汇辨析题也起到了至关重要的作用。

第二节实战演练一、复习时需注意的要点1、要注意近义动词在词义上的区别，例如：borrow与lend，send、bring、carry与fetch等。

2、有些近义动词虽然在汉语意思上看不出区别，但要注意它们在含义和使用场合的区别，例如：start与begin，try与manage等。

1.package [ˈpækɪdʒ] n. （尤指包装好或密封的容器）一包，一袋，一盒①n. 一包例句：例句：He received a package from his friend in the mail.翻译：翻译：他收到朋友寄来的一包邮件。

单词注释: He（他，代词）received（收到，动词）a（一个，冠词）package（一包，名词）from（来自，介词）his（他的，代词）friend（朋友，名词）in（在，介词）the（这个，冠词）mail（邮件，名词）②n. 一袋例句：例句：She bought a package of flour at the store.翻译：翻译：她在商店里买了一袋面粉。

单词注释: She（她，代词）bought（买，动词）a（一个，冠词）package（一袋，名词）of（的，介词）flour（面粉，名词）at（在，介词）the（这个，冠词）store（商店，名词）③n. 一盒例句：例句：They gave me a package of chocolates for my birthday.翻译：翻译：他们送了我一盒巧克力作为生日礼物。

单词注释: They（他们，代词）gave（给，动词）me（我，代词）a（一个，冠词）package （一盒，名词）of（的，介词）chocolates（巧克力，名词）for（为了，介词）my（我的，代词）birthday（生日，名词）2. chapter [ˈtʃæptə(r)] n. 章① n. 章例句：例句：The first chapter of the book was very interesting.翻译：翻译：这本书的第一章非常有趣。

单词注释: The（这个，冠词）first（第一，数词）chapter（章，名词）of（的，介词）the（这个，冠词）book（书，名词）was（是，动词）very（非常，副词）interesting （有趣的，形容词）3. bathe [beɪð] vi. 洗澡；游泳① vi. 洗澡例句：例句：She likes to bathe in the evening.翻译：翻译：她喜欢在晚上洗澡。

高考英语考纲词汇精讲精练Lesson 1(abandon—abroad)一、单词列表序号单词音标释义1abandon [ə'bændən] v. 放弃，遗弃，抛弃2ability [əˈbɪləti] n.能力；才能3able [ˈeɪbl] adj.能够；有才能的4abnormal [æb'nɔ:məl] adj.反常的；变态的5aboard [əˈbɔːd]adv.& prep.上船(飞机、车)，在船(飞机、车)上6abolish [əˈbɒlɪʃ] vt.终止，废除7abortion [əˈbɔːʃn] n.[C,U]流产，堕胎8about [əˈbaʊt] prep. 1.在…各处，到处；2.在…附近(周围)；3.关于，涉及adv. 1.大约；2.在周围，到处；3.在附近9above [əˈbʌv] prep. 1.高于，高出，在…上方；2. 超过，胜过；3.不屑于，不至于，不会adv.在上面，在前面adj.上面的10abroad [əˈbrɔːd] adv. 在国外；到国外二、用法讲解1.abandon [ə'bændən] v.放弃，遗弃，抛弃【助记】abandon = a（at，处于）+bandon（管辖权）→置身于……管辖之下→放弃。

词源解释：bandon←拉丁语bannum（宣告）←原始日耳曼语bannan（宣告、命令、禁止）。

背景知识：在欧洲的封建时期，领主有权在自己的领地发布公告，要求或禁止人们做什么，如禁止人们自建面包房、磨坊，只能使用领主所建的面包房和磨坊并支付使用费。

因此这些表示这种“公告”的词衍生出“管辖权”的含义。

同源词：ban（禁令），banish（放逐），bandit（强盗、法外之徒），contraband（走私）。

【详解及例句】vt. 1.（不顾责任、义务等）离弃，遗弃，抛弃：The cruel man abandoned his wife and child. 那个狠心的男人遗弃了妻儿。

新教材人教版英语选择性必修第一册UNIT 1UNIT 1高频词汇知识点清单UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT目录高频词汇精讲1. vital adj. 必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的；维持生命所必需的2. committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的3. objective n. 目标；目的adj. 客观的4. acknowledge vt. 承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢5. insist vi. & vt. 坚持；坚决要求；坚持说6. conclusion n. 结论；推论；结束；结尾7. circumstance n. (常用复数)条件；环境；状况8. passion n. 酷爱；激情9. consequence n. 结果；后果；重要性10. sum vi. 总结；概括n. 金额；款项；总数；总和高频词汇积累结构1. It strikes sb. +that. . . 某人突然意识到……结构2. 独立主格结构结构3. as though/if引导从句非限制性定语从句一、非限制性定语从句的作用二、使用非限制性定语从句应注意的问题三、as、which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别四、“代词/数词+of+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句高频词汇精讲1. vital adj. 必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的；维持生命所必需的Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria. . .青蒿素已经成为疟疾治疗的一个极其重要的部分…… (教材P2)情景导学Tourism is vital for/to the city seconomy.旅游业对这个城市的经济至关重要。

Languages play a vital role in ensuring cultural diversity and strengthening cooperation. 语言在确保文化多样性和加强合作方面起着至关重要的作用。

奥风英语《高考重点词汇用法精讲》第一讲（文字版）魏训刚主讲（本系列讲座共45讲）第1篇重点词汇1. admire[用法点睛]admire sb. for sth. 因某事钦佩某人如：They admire our garden. 他们羡慕我们的花园。

I admire him for his success in business.我钦佩他在商业上的成功。

[同根词]：①admirer n.[C]赞赏者；羡慕者；爱慕者②admirable adj.令人钦佩的；极好的如：He did an admirable job in keeping the students calm.他在保持学生安静方面做得很出色。

2. grow (grew, grown)①vi. 生长；发育；（link. v.)（逐渐）变得如：How tall you have grown!你长这么高了！It began to grow dark..天色开始变黑。

[短语]grow into成为，（逐渐）变得; 适合如：Qingdao began as a seashore village and grew into a big city.青岛开始是个渔村，后来发展成为大城市。

The coat is too big for him now, but he will grow into it.那件外套他现在穿太大了，不过再长大些就合适了。

grow out of长大而不能穿某衣物；年龄增长不再做某事；由某事物产生如：He has grown out of these clothes. 他长得这些衣服都穿不上了。

They have grown out of children’s games. 他们已经长大，不再玩儿童游戏了。

My interest in the art grew out of the time I spent with my grandpa.我对艺术的爱好是在和我爷爷一起生活时养成的。

高考核心 ----精（高考力站）1. abandon vt.= give up = throw1.离开，弃2.放弃，停止做（某事）3.放，放任派生 abandoned a.-ed 尾： / 形容I abandon myself in wasting time.我我自己放于浪。

2. abolish vt. 除，止（ + certain system 某些系 / certain practice 某些行）PK cancel vt. 取消abuse 用abnormal 不正常的ab-开表示否定absorb vt. “吮”吸收（某事物），吸将（某物）合并，并吞完全吸引住（某人）的注意力或趣派生 be absorbed in sth. 沉浸于 sth.I am absorbed in the party, so I forget anything.accommodate vt.来自 commodity n. 日用品-ity -ment -hood -ness –on 名 mode模式 model 模型 module 模-mod-子= put up sb.1.供某人住宿或房2.适，迁就，迎合派生 accommodation n. 旅5. accompany vt.company n. 公司；朋友 =friend I accompany him.I keep company with him我伴随着他。

1.伴随或跟随（某人），陪伴2.与某事物同存在或生派生accompany A by/ with B 用 B来伴随 AI accompany him with swim. （）I accompany him with swimming.我他天天游泳。

3.某人伴奏派生 accompany sb. at / on sth.sth. sb.伴奏I accompany him at the party.6. accuse vt. 指某人有；犯罪或犯法；指控；控告；派生 accuse sb.of sth. 因 sth.sb.7. accustom vt. 使⋯⋯于 customn. 俗派生 accustom A to B 使 A BI accustom myself to wearing glasses . 我已戴眼了。

词汇3500精讲1.ability = able + ity 能力able adj. be able to do sth-ity n →抽象的名词Have ability to do sthdis- →awaydisable be disable to do sthdisability nhave disability to do sthdisable man 残疾人ability, competence, capacitycapacity →胜任工作能力= capac(范围) + ityspacecompetence = com+ pet + ence n = skill2.accept = ac + cept(接收)deceive v. – deception v.receive = re + veive v.cept- = ceiveaccept 主观的receive 客观的3.accord = ac + cordaccord with …与…和睦according to …根据according to my opinion4.achievement 成就achieve 完成finish, complete, achieve, accomplish finish school = leave schoolfinish a book 看完一本书complete = com + pletecomplete a book 写完一本书complete a projectachieve 思想上的achieve success accomplish = ac + complish(complete) v. accomplishment = achievementaccomplished adj. 熟练的5.act v. – action n -- active adj.act on ..All the soldiers act on the rules.What you did act on the feelings of hers. act … with …….和…起反应act to …对待action and reaction 作用与反作用take active part in …积极参加ag= act (g-ct)action n. / activityaction –行动active – activity 正式activity –活动非正式6.add 增加ac, ar, ag --- addadd … to/into …把…加到…add salt into soup*** add up to … = total to 总计The number of students in NOS added up to 600.写作:Add v. – additionIn addition, 另外To begin with, … in addition, last but not least, Firstly, …secondly,…at last ,…7.address = ad + dress spyaddress 声称v.address n 地址they addressed that …8.admit = ad + mit(met/meet)meet 遇见,满足meet the need of …admit 承认+ doingadmit 容纳The hall can admit 3000 peopleMr Hu admitted stealing 3000 million dollars from the bank.9.adult = ad + ult(old) 成人adulthood 成人期adulterate adj. 通奸的scarlet 红字10.advantage = ad + vantage(ventage)advantage n 优势– disadvantagemerit 精华-- demerittake advantage of …利用(权势) 抽象make use of …利用(东西) 具体11.advice = ad + vice(voice) n 建议advise (s-c) v.appease = ap + pease(peace) v 平息advise sb to do sthsuggest one’s doing sthI advised MR HU to give up smoking.I suggested MR HU’s giving up smoking.advise that … (should) + v…suggest that … (should) + v…12.affect = af + fect(do) v.affect, effecteffect n 影响cause and effect 因果affection n. 爱= love13.afraidbe afraid of …be afraid to do sth 不敢做某事afraid, frightened, terrified, scared frightened (fist – fight—frighten) terrified = terr + ify(ified)territory 领土Mediterranean = medi + terra + nean terroristterrorismscar = sc + arscary 物scared 人be scared at snake 14.against = ag(act) + ain + st prep persist in doing 固执resist 反抗insist on doingassist 帮助assist sb with sthassistance n assistant n 助手15.at the age of …at the age of 1616.agree = ag(act) + ree(ru)scrutiny = sc + ru + tinyagreement nagree with …sb 同意某人的意见agree to …sth 同意某项计划agree on …在某方面达成共识*sth agree with sb 某事适合某人This kind of beer agreed with me. 17.help, assist, aidfinancial aid18.airportair- / spir-/aero/ astro/ --天空,空气expire = ex + pire expiration date inspire = in + spire inspiration respire = re + spireperspire = per + spire perspirationaeronautic = aero + naut(水手) + icastronaut = astro + naut n19.alive = a + live adj. 活着的(表语形容语)She is still alive.She is a living woman.living adj. 活着的(定语形容词)alive adj. 如果充当定语后置a living man = a man aliveman alive (口语)living, alive, lively, live, lifelively adj. 逼真的lovely adj. 可爱的live adj. 现场直播CCTV Livelive v. 居住live in …be living in / lives inlife n 不可数名词—生活可数名词–生命– lives20.allow = al + lowallow sb to do sth --- sb be allowed to do sthallow doing考点:All the children are allowed _______ in the pool by the teachers.A.swimmingB.to swimC.to be swimmingD.to swimming21.almost = al + most 几乎考点:almost, most, mostlyalmost 几乎most 最mostly 大部分I like Harbin most22.alone / lonelyalone 单独一个人lonely 心灵aloft 上面lofty 高尚的23.along = a + longgo along the street24.already = al + ready adj. 完成时I have already learned 3000 English words.25.also, too, either, as wellalso –肯否句中,too –肯句尾,either –否句尾as well—肯否句尾26.although / thoughalthough –句首—虽然,尽管句中—但是(but)Though –句首,句中—虽然,尽管句尾,--但是Adj, / adv/ n (不带冠词) + as/though + 主+ 谓Young as she is, Hard as he studies,Child as he is,27.among / between / within(位置)28.amount = a + mount(count)= 合计total to …add up to …amount to …29.anger v. 生气angle n. 角angel n. 天使The angel angers on the angle.triangle = tri + angle 三角quadrangle = quadr + angle 四边形squarebi- 二bicycle = bi + cyclebisect = bi + secttri- 三quadr 四辨析anger, ragerage 大怒v.anger v. – angry adj. – angrily rage v. – raged adj. – ragedly 30.animal nmammal n.mal- 坏,活体treat n/v. 对待maltreatnutrition n. malnutrition nutritious adj. malnutritious adj.31.answer v./nanswers the questionthe answer to the questionthe answer of the question Xthe door of the classroomthe key to the doorthe solution to the problemto 要解决of 所属32.anxiousanxious = anxi (anxy)+ ous短语:be anxious about sth = be worried about sthI am anxious about your health.be anxious to do sth 急于做某事= be eager to do sthI am anxious to get married to a gorgeous girl.33.appear= ap + pear(spear) v. disappear v.transparent adj.apparent adj. 不推理obvious adj. 不推理evident adj. = evid + ent 推理appear v. --- appearance 外表辨析appearance, surface, face surface = sur(super) + face 表面appearance 难以见到的面部34.area, district, section, zone area 一大片土地district 行政区Nangang District section = sect + ion 抽像的部分sector disc sectorzone 虚拟空间上的区M-zone35.argue 争论argument nargue with sb on/about sth for sth为了某事和某人争论关于某事I argue with him on the topic of the text for our success. 短语argue for 同意argue against 反对36.arm v. 装备arm with …The soldiers armed with high-technology weapons.equip v.equip with …实际生活中的37.arrive = ar + rive(river)arrive at 到达小地方arrive in 到达大地方reach spget to sphome, there, here 要把介词去掉get home, get there, get here.arrive home, arrive there, arrive here 38.article = art + icle(星体,物质) 文章obstacle = ob + st + acleart n 艺术artist = art + ist(人) n 艺术家artificial = art + fic(do) + ial adj. 手工的辨析:article, essay, composition, paper composition = com + pos(put) + tition 作文article 文章essay 散文paper 论文39.ask sb to do sth 要求某人做某事sb be askedsb be invited40.astonish v. = a + ston + ishastonished adj.amaze = a + maze(迷宫) v.amazed adj.astound v. = a + stound(big stone)astounded adj.stun v. 砸晕surprise < amaze < astonish < astound < stun 41.attach = at + tach(touch) v.be attach to …attach … to …attach label to parcel反义: detach = de + tach v. 分离detach … from …42.attack = at + tack(踢) 进攻辨析:Attack, charge, beset,attack 一般性的进攻charge v. 骑兵进攻be charged with 控告He is charged with stealing. chargingcharge 要价overcharge 要高价beset 围攻= be + set43.attempt = at + tempt(引诱) n/v attempt to do sth = try to do sth spare no effort to do sthspare no effort 不遗余力effort = ef + fort(力量)spare no expense 不惜一切代价expense = ex(out) + pense(spend) 44.attention = at + tention(张力) hypertension= hyper + tensionhypotension = hyper + tension短语:Pay attention to doing sthConcentrate = con + centr(center) + ateConcentrate on/upon sth高考:Much attention he should have paid to the study is paid ________ the gorgeous girl in class.A.to seeB.to seeingC.to seenD.seen45.attitudeattitude = at + titude(度)altitude = alti(高的) + tude (度,级)latitude = lati + tudelongitude = longi + tudemagnitude46.attract = at + tract(拉)tract 小册子abstract = abs + tract n 摘要adj. 抽象的extract = ex + tract n 摘录tract- 拉tractor = tract + orattract = at + tract v. 吸引attractive adj. 有吸引力的She is an attractive girl.magnetic personalitymagnetic = mag + net + ic47.author =au(audi) + th(live) + or audi-听/oral 说oral Englishthrive = th(live) + rive(river) v. writer / author48.average = a + ver + age adj. 平均的辨析:average, ordinary, common, usual, normal in an average lifein an ordinary life 平凡的in a common life 在共同的生活common 常见的common sense 常识as usualnormal = norm + al adj.normal temperatureHarbin Normal University49.avoid v. doingavoidable adj. 可避免的unavoidable adj. 不可避免的evitable adj.inevitable adj.avoid touching 不能碰50.Bank of CommunicationsBank of ChinaAgricultural Bank of China51.base 基础basic 基础的debase = de + base v.debase the quality of products baseball 棒球辨析:Primary, elementary, basic Primary adj. 初级的,原始化的Elementary adj. 基础的(抽象的) Primary schoolElementary schoolBilingual Primary School52.bear n.bear v. 忍受can’t bear sth = can’t stand sthI can’t bear you.abide = a + bide(bear)abide by …53.beat sbwin sth54.behavior nbehave v. 行为behave oneself 规矩点behave yourself55.belief n = be + liefbelief in Godbelieve = be + lievebelieve sb 相信某人的话believe in sb 信任某人faith n 信任have faith in sb 信任某人具有能力完成trust on sb 信赖confident = con + fid(信仰) + ent 信心have confidence in doing confidant = con + fid + ant n 知己。