百字明咒标准范文

梵⽂《百字明》
梵⽂《百字明》（即“万物⽣”）,《百字明》的全称是《⾦刚萨埵百字明》，为⽤于消除罪障、忏悔、补阙的咒语，被称
为“⼀切忏悔之王。

”
⾦刚萨埵为⼀切众⽣菩提⼼的本体，其性坚固如⾦刚故名「⾦刚」，亦名⾦刚⼼菩萨，⼀切众⽣由此萨埵之加持⼒⽽发⼼。

与显教之普贤菩萨同体异名，为⼀切如来之长⼦。

学佛皈依后，发愿起⾏，从闻进修，在前⾏中多⽣阻碍，有宿⽣、现⽣之罪业障等。

因罪从⽣，⾃⼼有垢能障菩提，故于此清净违缘罪、忏悔还出⽅便，应所修学。

惟⼤⼩显密忏法，共有多种，密乘中以修念⾦刚萨埵为最胜法要。

⾦刚萨埵忏罪法，为密乘⾏者四加⾏之⼀，⼈⼈必修，以⼀、倚仗⼒；⼆、决除⼒；三、对治编⾏⼒；四、拔业⼒等四⼒具⾜，消灭众⽣之诸恶业罪障得令清净。

此⼀切恶念，令不增长。

能破⼀切烦恼，增长⽆量⽆边的福智。

《百字明》由⼀百个梵字组成。

在本作品中，这⼀百个梵字由左⾄右横向书写排列成正⽅菱形，中间的五个⾦⾊梵字代表五⽅佛（即中央毗卢遮那佛－⼤⽇如来代表法界体性智；东⽅阿閦佛－不动如来，代表⼤圆镜智；南⽅宝⽣佛，代表平等性智；西⽅阿弥陀佛，代表妙观察智；北⽅不空成就佛，代表成所作智）的种⼦字。

书写介质为意⼤利产“世纪之星”深蓝⾊珠光卡纸,在灯光的照耀下会泛出神秘的光芒。

楚狂接舆楚狂接舆歌而过孔子曰：“凤兮，凤兮！何德之衰？往者不可谏，来者犹可追。

已而，已而，今之从政者殆而！”孔子下，欲与之言。

趋而辟之，不得与之言。

诫子书诸葛亮夫君子之行，静以修身，俭以养德，非澹泊无以明志，非宁静无以致远。

夫学须静也，才须学也，非学无以广才，非志无以成学。

淫慢则不能励精，险躁则不能治性。

年与时驰，意与日去，遂成枯落。

多不接世，悲守穷庐，将复何及！游斜川序陶潜辛酉正月五日，天气澄和，风物闲美，与二三邻曲，同游斜川。

临长流，望曾城，鲂鲤跃鳞于将夕，水鸥乘和以翻飞。

彼南阜者，名实旧矣，不复乃为嗟叹；若夫曾城，傍无依接，独秀中皋，遥想灵山，有爱嘉名。

欣对不足，率尔赋诗。

悲日月之遂往，悼吾年之不留。

各疏年纪乡里，以纪其时日。

飞蛾赋鲍照仙鼠伺暗，飞蛾候明，均灵舛化，诡欲齐生。

观齐生而欲诡，各会性以凭方。

凌燋烟之浮景，赴熙焰之明光。

拔身幽草下，毕命在此堂。

本轻死以邀得，虽糜烂其何伤！岂学山南之文豹，避云雾而岩藏。

答谢中书书陶弘景山川之美，古来共谈。

高峰入云，清流见底。

两岸石壁，五色交辉。

青林翠竹，四时俱备。

晓雾将歇，猿鸟乱鸣；夕日欲颓，沉鳞竞跃，实是欲界之仙都。

自康乐以来，未复有能与其奇者。

与顾章书吴均仆去月谢病，还觅薛萝。

梅溪之西，有石门山者。

森壁争霞，孤峰限日，幽岫含云，深溪蓄翠。

蝉吟鹤唳，水响猿啼，英英相杂，绵绵成韵。

既素重幽居，遂葺宇其上。

幸富菊花，偏饶竹实，山谷所资，于斯已办。

仁智所乐，岂徒语哉！与宋元思书吴均风烟俱净，天山共色，从流飘荡，任意东西。

自富阳至桐庐一百许里，奇山异水，天下独绝。

水皆缥碧，千丈见底；游鱼细石，直视无碍。

急湍甚箭，猛浪若奔。

夹岸高山，皆生寒树。

负势竞上，互相轩邈。

争高直指，千百成峰。

泉水激石，泠泠作响。

好鸟相鸣，嘤嘤成韵。

蝉则千转不穷，猿则百叫无绝。

鸢飞戾天者，望峰息心；经纶世务者，窥谷忘反。

横柯上蔽，在昼犹昏。

疏条交映，有时见日。

江水·三峡郦道元自三峡七百里中，两岸连山，略无阙处。

不可错过的心灵震撼《万物生》梵文版（百字明）萨顶顶心中有德，才能涵容万物;心中有道，才能拥有一切人之心，原本像一潭池水，应该清澈见底，平滑如镜，可以映照出世界的真实面目，但是，这种原本清净如水的心，却最容易受到外界的干扰而心生波澜。

比如风过波起，比如石入水动，这一起一动，即便搅成了一潭混水或浊水，因此，心底一切美好的景致，也无法显现了。

人生没有假设，当下即是全部。

背不动的，放下了;伤不起的，看淡了;想不通的，不想了;恨不过的，抚平了。

人生，就是修炼的过程，何必用这一颗不平的心，作践了自己，伤害了岁月。

生活中，不妨养成“能有，很好;没有，也没关系”的习惯，便能转苦为乐。

活着，就是一种修行。

人生之所以精彩，是愿意全然的接受一切。

生命之所以可贵，是愿意尊重一切的生命。

天底下没有废物，只有不懂利用的人。

贵人常常是别人，敌人肯定是自己。

人生的意义，在于善用自己;人生的目的，在于成就他人。

要知足最好的方式，就是把握每个当下。

从易处改变，从近处做起。

米可果腹，沙可盖屋，但二者掺到一起，价值全无;做人纯粹点好;求而不得，舍而不能，得而不惜，这是人最大的悲哀;不要因为一时的情绪，就急着下判断，也许等到明天，你的人生观就会改变，如果因为一时情绪掉进谷底就伤人或毁己，明天的自己必然后悔莫及。

二十年的太子，一天的皇上，十个月的奴才，一辈子的提款机，这就是男人的一生;可有人又说：二十年的公主，一天的皇后，十个月的宠妃，一辈子的保姆，这就是女人的一生。

我觉得，应该是：二十年的追寻，一天的仪式，十个月的呵护，换来一辈子的相濡以沫。

夜深人静，百转千回难以入睡，心灵极度脆弱的时候，思念也就最为疯狂。

当你牵挂一个人时，会特别在意他是否也牵挂你;当你思念一个人时，会特别在意他是否也在想你。

有喜欢才有牵挂，有牵挂才更忧伤。

一个人不孤单，思念一个人，才是真正的孤单。

你好吗?。

行者日用切要行者日用切要2012-11-15 19:09阅读：473行者日用切要一、早起睡眠始寤，当愿众生，一切智觉，周顾十方。

唵地利日哩莎诃（七遍）二、开灯失念是黑暗，正念是光明，以觉照之光，照亮我生命。

三、离床从朝寅旦直至暮，一切众生自回护，若于足下丧其形，愿汝实时生净土。

唵逸帝律尼莎诃（三遍）四、举足（行步不伤虫）若举於足当愿众生出生死海具众善法。

唵地利日利莎诃 (三遍)五、登厕大小便时当愿众生弃贪嗔痴蠲除罪障。

唵狠鲁陀耶莎诃 (三遍)六、开（关）水龙头打开水龙头，清水缓流出，洗除诸尘垢，身心悉清净。

七、就水事讫就水，当愿众生，出世法中，速疾而往。

唵室利婆醯莎诃（三遍）八、洗手以水盥掌，当愿众生，得清净手，受持佛法。

唵主迦啰耶莎诃（三遍）九、著衣（整理衣物）若著上衣当愿众生获胜善根至法彼岸著下裙时当愿众生服诸善根具足惭愧整衣束带当愿众生检束善根不令散失十、漱口漱口连心净，吻水百花香，三业恒清净，同佛往西方。

唵憨唵罕莎诃（三遍）十一、倒开水于冷水里，注入开水，当愿众生，体悟中道。

十二、洗面以水洗面，当愿众生，得净法门，永无垢染。

唵蓝莎诃（默持二十一遍）十三、搭毛巾搭毛巾时，当愿众生，平整方正，心直无曲。

十四、出堂从舍出时，当愿众生，深入佛智，永出三界。

十五、礼佛天上天下无如佛，十方世界亦无比，世间所有我尽见，一切无有如佛者普礼真言：唵瓦日啰斛十六、坐下正身坐此地，如登菩提座，安身于正念，离一切散乱。

十七、开（关）电脑启动电脑际，打开心藏识；发誓除习气，长养慈悲智。

十八、操作电脑拿起鼠标，点击键盘，远离邪法，安于正道。

十九、登道场若得见佛，当愿众生，得无碍眼，见一切佛。

唵阿密栗帝吽癹咤（三遍）二十、谈话当爱语时，字字清楚，舌如莲花，闻者欣喜。

二一、开关门窗开门窗时，当愿众生，打破我相，得见法身。

关门窗时，当愿众生，灭除烦恼，截断生死。

二二、上下台阶上台阶时，当愿众生，十善善根，步步增上。

下台阶时，当愿众生，三毒烦恼，念念灭除。

智空大魔咒智空大魔咒（幕后。

手机铃声响）丙：谁呀？（贵州方言）乙：说普通话！（语气很生气）丙：哦，亲爱的是你呀…乙：嗯~丙：什么事呀？乙：人家急著去吃饭了啦~~（转移语气，现在很嗲~）丙：啊~可我已经在`向黔进`吃过了~~乙：蛙旺的家伙·你不会还在网吧!吧？！都两天两夜了！（很凶）丙：亲爱的，明天`明天啊！明天一定陪你！乙：你都说过好几个明天了！不要！不要!这次你一定要陪我！丙：亲爱的，明天啊，我爱你。

（语气很平淡）（挂断电话，乙开始出场）乙：喂！喂！讨厌…唉…大美女又要一个人吃饭了…无聊…你们笑什么呀？哦，大家不都说了嘛，大学里最重要的一项必修课就是谈恋爱，我的爱情虽然来得前两天了点，但是，我已经很满足啦！可能他就是那只披着羊皮的狼，而我就是那仅仅小肥羊~嘻嘻（偷笑）“羊爱上狼呀爱得疯狂……”（甲搬着桌子出场）甲：金典！张金典！乙：哎！谁呀！来啦！呀，是小波哪！（开始帮甲搬桌子）甲：我老远就走近是你！乙：呀！你眼神儿那么好使？！甲：不是我眼神好使，就你这身材，咱南航…（乙把桌子放下，很凶）乙：怎么？！（语气很强烈）甲：我是说咱南航没有容貌一个比你身材好的！亭亭玉立呀！（实际上乙是一个小小胖妹）乙：嘿嘿…哪有呀…过奖过奖啦…你这是要搬哪呀？甲：嗯！就这儿就这儿！师院一食堂门口！谢谢你啦！乙：嗨呀！不客气！都同学嘛，咱俩交情还那么好！甲：哎！点儿啊！听说你最近谈恋爱了？乙：消息传那么快？……这些狗仔队……真是的…甲：怎么？还真有人喜欢你？乙：你什么意思？！甲：不是我是说，是男的吧？乙：是啊，哎你这不废话么？！（拽住甲的衣服，想打他）甲：不是不是，唉你看我这嘴！我不是这意思，我是说，那男的一定很丑吧？乙：訾波你！（撸袖子）甲：不是不是，我这嘴巴怎么今天老说实话呢…不是不是！（做害怕状）乙：行啦行啦，甭解释了，我知道，你这纯属嫉妒~（蔑视状）甲：对对对对！我是嫉妒！我这不是怕你脱离身边更出色的男人嘛…（拍拍胸膛，暗示是自己）乙：就你？！嗯~如果这个世界上能上如就剩你一个男人了…甲：你才选择我？乙：我就…同！性！恋！甲：我有那么差劲嘛…乙：要不跟你搭档这么多年怎么会对你连一丁点儿感觉都没有！~（甲很委屈的样子，乙坐在椅子上，一副很得意的样子）乙：我告诉你，我们家阿狼很真爱我的！甲：怎么个爱你？我倒要听听。

4分钟百字明摘要：1.4 分钟百字明的概述2.4 分钟百字明的起源与发展3.4 分钟百字明的特点与影响4.4 分钟百字明的现代应用正文：1.4 分钟百字明的概述4 分钟百字明，又称为“百字明咒”，是一种源于佛教密宗的古老咒语。

它是由一百个汉字组成的短小精悍的咒语，具有神秘的宗教色彩和深远的文化影响。

在佛教信仰中，百字明咒被认为具有消除业障、净化身心、积累功德等功效，因此备受信徒们的推崇。

2.4 分钟百字明的起源与发展百字明咒的起源可以追溯到公元7 世纪的唐朝，当时随着佛教密宗的传入，百字明咒开始在我国传播。

在佛教密宗中，百字明咒被视为一种修行的法门，通过反复念诵百字明咒，可以达到净化心灵、提升智慧的目的。

随着时间的推移，百字明咒在我国逐渐形成了独特的文化现象，融合了汉文化与佛教文化的精髓，对后世产生了深远的影响。

3.4 分钟百字明的特点与影响百字明咒的特点在于其短小精悍、易于念诵，能够在短时间内达到凝神静气、净化心灵的效果。

在佛教文化中，百字明咒被认为是一种修行的法门，可以帮助信徒们消除业障、积累功德。

同时，百字明咒也具有很高的艺术价值，其独特的音韵和节奏使其成为一种具有美感的文学形式。

4.4 分钟百字明的现代应用时至今日，百字明咒依然在现代社会中具有广泛的应用。

一方面，许多佛教信徒将百字明咒作为日常修行的一种方式，通过反复念诵来净化心灵、提升智慧。

另一方面，百字明咒也逐渐被应用于心理治疗、音乐创作等领域，以其独特的音韵和节奏为人们带来宁静与愉悦。

总之，百字明咒是一种具有神秘色彩和深远文化影响的古老咒语，其短小精悍的文字和独特的音韵使其成为佛教文化中一种独特的艺术形式。

Network Visualisation With 3D MetaphorsThesisSubmitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the degree Bachelor of Science (Honours) of Rhodes UniversityByMelekam Asrat TsegayeComputer Science DepartmentNovember 2001AbstractLarge amounts of data flow over today’s networks. Tracking this data, processing and visualising it will enable the identification of problem areas and better usage of network devices. Currently most network analysis tools present their data using tables populated with text or at best 2D graphs. A better alternative is to use 3D metaphors for visualising network data. This paper investigates the use of a number of 3D metaphors for visualising network data in a VR environment.AcknowledgementsThanks to Prof. Shaun Bangay, my supervisor, for his guidance throughout the project. A special thanks to Guy Antony Halse for proof reading drafts of this document and for his input during the course of the year.Contents1 Introduction (8)1.1 Overview (8)1.2 The Need for 3D Visualisation of Networks (8)1.3 Our Approach (8)1.4 The Test Visualisation System (9)1.5 Data Sources (9)1.6 3D Visualisation Methods Investigated (9)1.7 Issues and Problems Involved (10)2 3D Network Visualisation, a Theoretical Background (11)2.1 Metaphors (11)2.1.1 Source and Target Domains (11)2.1.2 Magic Features (12)2.1.3 Mismatches (13)2.1.4 The Desktop Metaphor (13)2.1.5 From the Desktop to Virtual Reality (14)2.1.5.1 Virtual Reality (14)2.2 3D Visualisation (14)2.2.1 Problems with 3D Visualisations (15)2.2.2 Colour Selection for Visualisation (15)2.2.2.1 Weaknesses of the RGB Colour Model (16)2.2.2.2 The HSV Colour Model (16)2.2.2.3 Selecting Colours (17)2.2.3 3D Visualisation Software (18)2.3 Network Monitoring (20)2.3.1 SNMP (20)2.3.1.1 Different Versions of SNMP (21)2.3.1.2 UCD-SNMP (21)2.3.2 Web Server and Proxy Log File Monitoring (21)2.3.3 Packet Monitoring (22)2.3.4 The Round Robin Tool (RRDtool) (22)2.3.5 Greatdane (24)2.3.5.1 Implementation (24)2.3.5.1 Components (25)2.3.5.2 Threading (25)2.4 Visualisation Research (25)3.0 Designing a 3D Network Visualisation System (27)3.1 Network Visualisation Methods (27)3.1.1 Data Management (27)3.1.1.1 Long Term Network Data (27)3.1.1.2 Live Network Data (28)3.1.1.3 Log File Data (29)3.1.2 Visualisation Strategies (29)3.1.2.1 Block View of Interface Data (30)3.1.2.2 3D Graph View of Interface Data (30)3.1.2.3 Polar View of Interface Data (31)3.1.2.4 Proxy Server Log File View (31)3.1.2.5 Web Server Log File Visualisation with Particles (32)3.1.2.6 Bars and Spheres (33)3.1.2.7 More Host Status Visualisation (34)3.1.2.8 Animated Packets (35)3.1.2.9 Chernoff Faces (36)3.1.2.10 Visualising Data with 3D Character Faces (37)3.2 The Test Visualisation System (37)3.2.1 The VR System (38)3.2.2 Components of a Visualisation Module (39)3.2.2.1 Module Identification (39)3.2.2.2 Registration (39)3.2.2.3 Status (39)3.2.2.3 Data Processing (40)3.2.2.4 Rendering (40)3.2.3 The Module Manager (40)3.2.4 Miscellaneous Services (40)3.2.5 Reasons for Designing a Modular System (41)4.0 Creating the Visualisation System (42)4.1 Data Collection (42)4.1.1 The SNMP Interface (42)4.1.2 Calculating Rates (43)4.1.3 Managing Interface Data in a Round Robin Database (44)4.1.3.1 Collecting Interface Data from Many Hosts (44)4.1.3.2 Formatting RRD Database Data for Visualising (46)4.1.4 Processing Log File Data (47)4.1.4.1 Proxy Server Log Files (47)4.1.4.2 Web Server Log Files (49)4.1.5 Collecting Host Resource Usage Data (50)4.1.5.1 General Host Resource Data (50)4.1.5.2 Host Network Status Data (51)4.1.5.3 Storage Usage Data (52)4.1.6 Packet Grabbing Interface (53)4.2 Visualising the Collected Data (54)4.2.1 Colour Map Application (54)4.2.2 Blocks (54)4.2.3 3D Graph View (56)4.2.4 Polar View (57)4.2.5 Log File Data Views (58)4.2.5.1 Visualising Data with Particles (58)4.2.5.2 Proxy Log File Summary View (60)4.2.6 Bars and Spheres (61)4.2.7 Animated Pyramids (62)4.2.8 Visualisation with Facial Expressions (63)4.2.9 Visualisation with Other 3D Objects (64)4.3 The Visualisation System (65)4.3.1 Interfacing with the VR System (66)4.3.1.1 User Navigation (67)4.3.2 A Visualisation Module (67)4.3.2.1 Visualisation Module Interface (VMI) (68)4.3.3 The Module Manager (69)4.3.3.1 Dynamic Object Loading (69)4.3.3.2 Dynamic Loading of Visualisation Modules (70)4.3.3.3 The Module Control GUI (mcGUI) (72)4.3.4 Common System Objects (73)4.3.4.1 The Texture Manager (73)4.3.4.2 Text to Speech (TTS) (73)4.3.4.3 MotionControl (74)4.3.4.3.1 BezierCoordinate (75)4.3.4.3.2 FallingBody (75)4.3.4.3.3 MotionControl use Example (76)4.3.4.4 Camera Control (77)4.3.4.5 Utility Objects (78)4.3.4.6 Configuration Management (78)5.0 Results (79)5.1 3D Graph View (79)5.2 Polar Graph View (80)5.3 Interface Data Visualisation (81)5.4 System Resource Visualisation with Blocks and Cubes (82)5.5 Web Server Log File Visualisation with Particles (83)5.6 Storage Device Usage Visualisation (83)5.7 IP state Visualisation Using a Chernoff Face (84)5.8 ICMP State Visualisation with a Water Tank (85)5.9 Packet Visualisation (85)5.10 Presenting a 3D Proxy Log File Summary (86)5.11 Interface Device Visualisation (87)5.12 The Visualisation System (88)6 Conclusion (89)7 Future Research (90)References (91)1 Introduction1.1 Overview•Chapter 1, this chapter, is a summary of the paper.•Chapter 2 presents a theoretical background on 3D network visualisation. Here we discuss the use of metaphors, virtual reality, colour selection for visualisation, current research, 3D visualisation software and the standards and tools we have chosen for monitoringnetworks.•Chapter 3 focuses on network data collection methods, visualisation approaches and the design of a 3D visualising system.•Chapter 4 describes the implementation of components that collect data, visualise data and the visualisation system itself.•Chapter 5 presents results from network data visualisations that were performed using the various visualisation approaches that were discussed in chapter 3.•In Chapter 6 we present our conclusions.•Chapter 7 lists future 3D visualisation research areas.1.2 The Need for 3D Visualisation of NetworksA large amount of data flows throughout our networks. If this data could be seen in visual form it would help greatly in understanding how our networks are affected by it. A growing number of applications exist that attempt to do this. A large majority of these applications offer two dimensional representations of various network data. Others offer three dimensional views of the data. Although the addition of the third dimension helps, it still does not allow for easy analysis of data with a large number of independent variables and doesn’t offer users a 3D environment where they can move around and examine their data closely.1.3 Our ApproachThis paper investigates the use of 3D objects, their properties and characteristics as metaphors for visualising network data. By using 3D objects already familiar to human beings we want to make looking at network data and understanding it a much simpler process than it is at the moment.In this paper we focus on•Network data collection•Visualisation of this network data using 3D metaphors and traditional 3D graphs, their design and implementation•The design and implementation of a modular visualisation system1.4 The Test Visualisation SystemA modular system was designed and implemented to allow easy exploration and creation of visualisation modules. All visualisation modules implement a uniform interface that allows them to be recognised by the visualisation control system. This system is built on top of a Virtual Reality system, code-named Greatdane, developed by the Rhodes University Virtual Reality Special Interest Group (VRSIG). This enables the output from visualisation modules to be observed through a VR output device such as a head mounted display (HMD).1.5 Data SourcesThe data for our this investigation consists of host resource usage data such as memory, CPU and disk space usage, log file data from web and proxy servers, packets grabbed live off the wire and network traffic data flowing through network interfaces. All log files were processed internally by a specific module written for analysing and visualising that log file. SNMP was used to monitor network devices such as servers and switches and the data collected was stored in a round robin database. Packet capturing was done using Libpcap and visualisation done based on packet header information.1.6 3D Visualisation Methods InvestigatedUsing the test visualisation system, visualisation modules were developed that feed off the data collected. We looked at representation of system load using spheres and bars, web server log file view using a particle system, wire and polar views of RRD data and visualisation of data using facial expressions. We also animated packets as we grabbed them off the wire and classified them.A set of system variables that affect system load were identified and 3D visual representations based on these was created.1.7 Issues and Problems InvolvedThe VR system used is constructed using the Java programming language. Parts of this system are written using C/C++ that make the test system platform dependent. SNMP version one was used throughout since this is the most widely implemented version of the protocol on SNMP agents. The use of already existing log file analysers was looked at. Most of the log analysers produced summarised output in HTML format and were not very helpful except for checking the correctness of the analysis done by the test system. Multithreading was introduced to Greatdane, which is a single thread system, using Java’s default synchronisation.2 3D Network Visualisation, a Theoretical Background2.1 MetaphorsA metaphor is a mapping of knowledge about a familiar domain in terms of elements and their relationships with each other to elements and their relationships in an unfamiliar domain [Preece et al, 1994]. The aim is that familiarity in one domain will enable easier understanding of the elements and their relationships in the unfamiliar one. For example if an individual comes in contact with PC for the first time and doesn't know what it is, perhaps the individual recognises the monitor and thinks it’s a TV screen, and hears the PC's sound card producing a sound similar to that produced by a fire truck, based on the individual’s prior knowledge, the most likely interpretation of the event would be that the situation isn't quite right and it would be best to vacate the building. The common element from the familiar domain, the fire truck, and unfamiliar domain, the PC, would be the siren.Table 2.1 Examples of applications and associated metaphors. [Preece et al, 1994]knowledgeApplication Metaphor FamiliarOS Gui Desktop Office tasks, file managementWord processor Typewriter Document processing with a typewriter Spreadsheet Ledger sheet Experience working with an accounting ledger/Math sheetEmail Client/Server Postman/Post office Use of postal services2.1.1 Source and Target DomainsGentner et al [Gentner et al, 1996] discuss the familiar domain as the source domain and the unfamiliar domain as the target domain (Figure 2.1) and highlight three problems with metaphors, lets take as an example a book from the real world and a software document.1. The target domain has features not in the source domaine.g. we can conveniently store the software version of a large book as a file on a floppy disk oremail it to our friends.2. The source domain has features not in the target domaine.g. we can carry the book around and read it at leisure anywhere without the need to switch ona computer and fire up a document viewer application.3. Some features exist in both domains but work very differentlye.g.a) We can flap quickly through all 1000 pages of a book in the real world. Using adocument viewer application we would have to scroll with the mouse or use page upor down keys and the process would be slow.b) We can use the find feature on a document viewer to find any block of text veryquickly. In the real world we would check the index and if the word was not therethen a tedious search through the entire text would be required.Figure 2.1 shows the relationship between source and target domains. [Ellis et al, 2000]2.1.2 Magic FeaturesIn the target domain of a metaphor if tasks can be achieved that would otherwise be impossible in the source domain while adding convenience at the same time then the metaphor used has a magic feature [Dieberger, 1995]. The email system used on the Internet is an example. It enables instantaneous sending and receipt of messages from regions of the world spanning thousands of kilometres, this feature is attributed to the properties of electricity in the underlying physicalimplementation of the network hardware. In contrast in the source domain instantaneous mail delivery does not happen.2.1.3 MismatchesThe user's familiarity with elements and their interactions in the source domain of a metaphor will not always match up to the behaviour of elements in the target domain. When this happens a metaphorical mismatch has occurred [Ellis et al, 2000]. This often happens on computer systems. When a computer user deletes a confidential file from his computer's hard drive he expects it to have been erased. In reality that does not happen. The deleted file is recoverable and when the user learns of this fact he begins to distrust the metaphor. Ellis et al point out that the effect of metaphoric mismatches are not always negative and might make users’ better understand their system. In the above example the user might enquire further and learn of tools that enable him to erase his files completely.2.1.4 The Desktop MetaphorThe desktop metaphor is the most widely used metaphor on computer systems that have graphical user interfaces. Desktops, icons, windows scrollbars and folders are some of the objects that are used. Users store their useful data in files, and those files are placed in folders just like they would in an office cabinet in the real world. There are obvious differences with real world counter parts such as space limitations, whereas on a computer system there is a large amount of "virtual" storage space available, occupying a small area, considerably large areas would be required to store the same amount of data in an office.Some desktops have an icon representing a trashcan on which unwanted data can be dropped onto, again simulating the real world process of throwing away rubbish in a trashcan. Apple's Mac OS extended this metaphor and made it’s desktop such that users could drag icons representing their floppy drives onto a trashcan and the system would then eject the disk from its drive. This extension was rejected by Hayes [Hayes, 2000] as it lead to confusion amongst users. Users misinterpreted the metaphor as meaning “delete the contents of this disk by dragging it onto a trashcan”.2.1.5 From the Desktop to Virtual RealityThe problem with systems based on the desktop metaphor is that they attempt to represent three dimensional objects from the real world as two dimensional objects on a flat 2D screen. This problem is compounded with the reality that many computer systems come equipped with a keyboard and mouse all of which are 2D input devices and encourage application developers to continue to develop 2D applications. Nielsen [Nielsen, 1998] in his discussion mentions how difficult it is to control 3D space with interaction techniques such as scrolling. Representation of real world objects on screen with resolutions that do not allow sufficient detail for objects being rendered also doesn't help. This could all change with the availability of powerful CPUs and GPUs on the market such as the Pentium 4 and GForce 3.2.1.5.1 Virtual RealityVirtual reality offers presence simulation to users [Gobbetti et al, 1998] and is much more than just a 3D interface. Ideally it immerses users in an environment that provides sensory feedback allowing visual, depth, sound, touch, position, force and olfactory perception. The advantage of virtual reality is that it enables users to interact closely with objects in a virtual environment in the same way as they would in the real world. For example scientists studying DNA strands can manipulate virtual representations of DNA molecules, surgeons can operate remotely on patients and gamers can play their games in a world that simulates environments close to reality.In order to have a virtual world integrated with the physical world there needs to be improvements made in hardware such as displays and input devices, an integration of VR systems with existing systems such as AI, voice, DBMSs and better ways to visualise data and effective abstractions for visualisation [Hibbard, 1999].2.2 3D VisualisationThe volume of data that flows through computer systems over periods of time is huge. Traditional approaches that attempt to track and analyse the flow of this data such as log files and databases that yield textual results are not sufficient. 3D visualisation is the process of constructing 3D graphical representations of data to enable the analysis and manipulation of data in 3D space and iswell suited to this task. By selecting a suitable visualisation metaphor a 3D representation can be constructed to give meaning to the data.2.2.1 Problems with 3D VisualisationsAlthough 3D visualisations can be of great help in looking at data they may not always present an accurate view of the data [Zeleznik, 1998] due to the complexities involved in rendering a representation for every piece of data being processed. Often it is necessary to summarise the dataset and lose detail for a summary of the dataset's properties. Depending on the application area, losing detail may or may not be acceptable.3D Visualisations use the 3 axes x, y, z to display datasets that have 3 variables. For datasets with a larger number of variables colour, the shape of objects their characteristics and behaviour can be used. If colour and object characteristics are not selected carefully they can be confusing to users. The colour map shown in Figure 2.2.1a is one of the most frequently used in visualisations [Rogowitz et al, 2001]. The problem with it is that it produces discrete transitions on a diagram (Figure 2.2.1a) , which is composed, of continuously varying data.2.2.1a The colours of the rainbow used as acolour map for 2D visualisation of fluiddensity from a simulation of the noiseproduced by a jet aircraft engine. Figure2.2.1b A different colour map, that highlights values of interest in thevisualisation was constructed using a rulebased colour map selection tool developedby Bergman et al [Bergman et al, 2001].2.2.2 Colour Selection for VisualisationColour is one of the most important attributes that is used in 3D visualisations. Proper selection of colour is essential for successfully displaying the properties of a datasets. Colour is the perceptual result of light in the visible region of the spectrum, having wavelengths in the region of 400nm to700nm, incident upon the retina [Poynton, 1997]. Computer hardware uses colour from the RGB colour space. This colour space is represented as cube in 3d space with axis x, y, z ranging from 0 to 1. (Figure2.2.2)2.2.2.1 Weaknesses of the RGB Colour ModelUsing this colour space for visualisation is not recommended for the following reasons1. It is device dependent since all monitors produce equivalent colours.2. It is not a perceptually uniform colour space i.e. there is no relation between the distance of any two values on the RGB cube (Figure 2.2.2.1) and how different the two colours appear to an observer [Watt, 1989]. It is thus necessary to use a perceptual colour model.3. The RGB cube does not describe all colours perceivable by humans.Figure 2.2.2.1 The RGB colour space forms aunit Cube.Figure 2.2.2.2a. The HSV colour model is described by a cone.2.2.2.2 The HSV Colour Model We use the hue-saturation-value (HSV) model, which is controlled by perceptually based variables, to select colours. The H value determines colour distinctions e.g. red, blue, yellow etc. The S value determines the intensity of the colour. The V value determines the lightness of the colour [Watt, 1989]. Figure 2.2.2.2b shows one possible user interface implementation. In realty the HSV space is represented by the cone shown in Figure 2.2.2.2a.Figure 2.2.2.2b. A user interface for the HSV colour model. (GTK)Varying the hue tab will enable selection of colour around the face of the cone, varying the saturation will enable selection of colour from the centre of the cone to the outside of the circle, direction being dependent on the hue value, hence the values of hue range from 0 to 360. Varying the value will select colours on the line from the bottom of the cone up to the face of the cone, the radius being dependent on the saturation value.2.2.2.3 Selecting ColoursAppropriate colours for use in a visualisation need to be selected and a colour map constructed so that these can be used by the visualisation system at runtime. Bergman et al [Bergman et al, 2001] at the IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Centre have constructed taxonomy of colour map construction that is dependent on the data types to be visualised, the representation task and users' perception of colour (Table 2.2.2.3). They have experimental evidence (Figure2.2.2.3) that shows that the luminance mechanism in human vision is tuned for data with high spatial frequency and the hue mechanism tuned for data with low spatial frequency.Table 2.2.2.3 Taxonomy of colour map selectionData type Spatialfrequency Highlighting Ratio/ intervalsHigh Large colour range for highlighted featuresLow Small colour for highlighted features OrdinalHigh Increase luminance of highlighted areaLow Increase saturation of highlighted area Nominal Any Increase luminance or saturation ofhighlighted areaFigure 2.2.2.3 A plot of human vision sensitivity against varying Spatial Frequency for visualrepresentations of data that have either more hue or luminance. [Bergman et al, 2001]2.2.3 3D Visualisation SoftwareCommercial applications such as 3dv8 (Figure 2.2.3a) take in 2D data and create 3D representations of the data [3dv8, 2001]. 3dv8 takes in 2D data from any problem domain arranged as tab delimited lines of text. For example data from a spreadsheet can be viewed in 3D selecting from a range of available 3D views. It enables 360 degrees of motion around the visual representation. The 3D presentation makes the data very clear to look at and conduct further analysis, compared to the columnar data available in spreadsheet cells or 2D bar graphs.Figure 2.2.3a. 3Dv8’s Cone View representationof employee data.Figure 2.2.3b. 3dv8’s Planet Viewrepresentation of employee data.Another powerful data visualisation tools is OpenDX (Figure 2.2.3b). It is an open source visualisation application based on IBM's commercial data visualisation application, Data Explorer. OpenDX contains numerous modules suited for different types of visualisations [OpenDX, 2001]. Figure 2.2.3d shows an example of how one possible visual program is set up. Various categories of modules are available. On the right of the diagram is where a visual program is constructed after selecting appropriate modules. This example below shows:• The file selector, a module that pops up a file selection dialog for a user and gets thelocation of a data file. Its output is connected to the input of an import module.• The import module, knows how to import the data and process it. Its output is connected to the input of an autocolour module.• The autocolour module assigns colours to values imported by the import module. Its output is connected to the input of a rubbersheet module.• The rubbersheet module wraps 2D data and creates the 3D representation shown on Figure2.2.3b. Its output is connected to the input of the image module.• The image module renders a 2D image that can be visually examined (Figure 2.2.3b).Figure 2.2.3c OpenDX’s visual editorFigure 2.2.3d A 2D image wrapped to form a3D representation, based on values of 2Ddata. It is produced by the rubbersheetmodule left, the colouring is done by theautocolour module.OpenDX's architecture allows very easy visualisation of data for users, by allowing them to manipulate modules as shown in Figure 2.2.3c.2.3 Network MonitoringIn section 2.2 we mentioned the need for visualising data that flows to and from network devices in 3D. To be able to accomplish this task we investigated commonly available standards and tools for monitoring networks. This section presents a summary of these.2.3.1 SNMPThe simple network management protocol (SNMP) is a widely used network management protocol.A manager operates a console from where he controls various SNMP enabled network devices (SNMP agents) e.g. PCs, switches, routers. A Management Information Base (MIB), a virtual database, is used to store state values of the various devices of the SNMP agents (RFC 1213). The MIB is organised like an upside down tree. The leaf nodes of the tree contain the object instances whose values are accessed and read from/written to by a manager. This scheme is known as the Structure of Management Information (SMI) and is defined in RFC 1155 [Stevens, 1994].Figure 2.3.1a.Full OID for the systemDescr variable.dod.internet.mgmt.mib11.system.sysDescr.01 3 6 12 1 1 1 0retrieving the value using ucd snmp’s snmpget app> [melekam@csh12]snmpget rucus.ru.ac.za public 1.1.0> system.sysDescr.0 = FreeBSD rucus.ru.ac.za 4.4-RELEASE FreeBSD 4.4-RELEASE #0: Tue Oct i386A leaf node is identified by the sequence of numbers used to traverse the tree. SNMP v1 protocol (RFC 1157) defines 5 operations that can be used for interaction with an SNMP agent. These are Get, Set, GetNext, GetResponse and Trap. For example the value of the system description variable (sysDescr) in Figure 2.3.1a, can be accessed as Get 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.0. The SNMP management stationand agents exchange Protocol Data Units (PDUs). The PDUs are defined using Abstract Syntax Notation (ASN.1).2.3.1.1 Different Versions of SNMPThe initial SNMP standard SNMPv1, defined simple operations such as get and set. There was no way to get multiple object values with a single request. To retrieve 100 values from an agent we would have to send 100 get requests. SNMP PDUs were exchanged by agents and managers using a very weak form of authentication, one based on the hostname of the SNMP entity and a string value referred to as a community string. Before replying to a request an agent would check that the community string is valid and the hostname of the manager is from a valid network block. The community string is exchanged over the wire in clear text thus anyone can get hold of it.To improve v1 an SNMPv2 standard was proposed in 1996. It added bulk transfer operations such as snmpbulkget and offered other enhancements such as manager to manager comunication but still did not incorporate better authentication mechanisms [Stallings, 2001]. To address this another standard SNMPv3 was proposed in 1998. It adds better access control and encryption. Despite its problems SNMPv1 still remains the most widely implemented version and still remains the only version that has been fully standardized.2.3.1.2 UCD-SNMPThere are a number of SNMP libraries available and one of the most popular is UCD SNMP [UCD SNMP, 2001]. The UCD SNMP project is an implementation of SNMP v1, v2 and v3. It is available for wide variety of platforms on both windows and Unix. It consists of an agent, a C library, applications for reading or setting object values in an MIB and other tools such are a GUI for browsing an MIB. This is the library that is used in this project.2.3.2 Web Server and Proxy Log File MonitoringSNMP allows us to monitor network devices remotely but for monitoring local traffic such as web server and proxy server traffic, analysis of log files generated by web and proxy servers locally is necessary. The proxy and web servers we looked at use the common log file format (CLF).。

中考满分作文600字（通用45篇）中考满分作文600字篇1有人说，句号，不但仅意味着终结，也意味着圆满，它像田径场上的奖牌，是对长途跋涉者抵达终点时的奖赏；它像中秋夜团圆时之明月，洒向你心头的是一片美丽的清辉。

这样的句号我也喜欢。

但，朋友，你只说对了一半，因为人生还有另一个句号。

这个句号是什么？你在做一道习题，咬着笔头思考着，忽然有一种“尽头感”时，这句号就隐隐出现，如果你停下来，你眼前就清晰地现出一个句号。

本来，你是可以做出来的，但因为你的逃避，画上了休止符。

这样的句号值得向往吗？一条路原本无止无休，你在任何一处都可以起步，踏上征程；你也可以在任何一处画一个句号，退了出来，是可悲的。

这种精疲力竭的放弃、自寻清闲的逃逸、江郎才尽的低头而带来的句号，是一种可恶的、死去的符号，是停止，我拒绝。

这种句号，是一种网络病毒，总是不知不觉地出来。

你呢，也因此不知不觉地终止程序，甚至死机。

想想看，你曾经做过的那些有益的事，究竟是什么时候并怎样弃你而去的？这种句号往往又是和人的自足、人的彻悟、人的惰性连在一起的。

因此我不心甘情愿给自身画上这样的句号！因而，我害怕句号。

我对句号保持着高度的警惕。

在与句号的斗争中，我认识到这原是生命存在所必须进行的奋争，也是与自身惰性和保守的对抗。

尽管，它何其艰难！跨过每一个句号，都需要付出双倍的力量。

然而，只要在人生的道路上，消灭了一个这种可恶的句号，便开始了一段崭新的充满诱惑的路。

这时，我们会惊喜，咦？被我们拒绝和消灭的句号，怎么竟然会变成逗号。

你是不是也会从中得到启示：最积极的和充实的人生，是不断努力地把句号变为逗号。

中考满分作文600字篇2有个女孩，总是静静地坐在窗前，倾听蝉鸣，仰望蓝天白云，俯嗅花香。

对于生活，她似乎已不再留恋，她只希望能永远和大自然在一起，她的世界里似乎只剩下孤单，似乎只有大自然才能给她一丝丝安慰。

外表看似坚强的她，其实有一颗脆弱的心，她经不起一点点挫折，她再也无法忍受上苍对她的考验了。

净身业真言(三遍)唵, 修多唎, 修多唎, 修摩唎, 修摩唎, 娑婆诃ōng, xiū duō lì, xiū duō lì, xiū mó lì, xiū mó lì, suō pó hē净口业真言(三遍)唵, 修利修利, 摩诃修利, 修修利, 萨婆诃ōng, xiū lì xiū lì, mó hē xiū lì, xiū xiū lì, sà pó hē净意业真言(三遍)唵嚩日啰怛诃贺斛ōng,wá rì là dá hē hè hōng清净身口意三业真言 (三遍)唵, 娑瓦, 婆瓦术驮, 娑瓦达摩娑瓦, 婆瓦秫多憾ōng, suō wá, pó wá shú tuó, suō wá dá mó suō wá, pó wá shú duó hàn 安土地真言(三遍)南无三满哆母驮喃唵度噜度噜地尾萨婆诃nan mo san man duo mu tuo nan ong du lu du lu di wei sā pó hē南无楞严会上佛菩萨（三称）妙湛总持不动尊首楞严王世希有销我亿劫颠倒想不历僧只获法身愿今得果成宝王还度如是恒沙众将此深心奉尘刹是则名为报佛恩伏请世尊为证明五浊恶世誓先入如一众生未成佛终不于此取泥洹大雄大力大慈悲希更审除微细惑令我早登无上觉于十方界坐道场舜若多性可销亡烁迦罗心无动转南无常住十方佛南无常住十方法南无常住十方僧南无释迦牟尼佛南无佛顶首楞严南无观世音菩萨南无金刚藏菩萨尔时世尊，从肉髻中，涌百宝光。

光中涌出，千叶宝莲。

有化如来，坐宝华中。

百字明：嗡班匝尔萨多萨玛雅，玛诺巴拉雅，班匝尔萨多迪诺巴，迪叉哲卓美巴瓦，色多喀友美巴瓦，色波喀友美巴瓦，阿诺RA多美巴瓦，萨尔瓦悉地美戛雅戛，萨尔瓦嘎玛色匝美，则当希央格热吽，哈哈哈哈伙，巴嘎万，萨尔瓦达塔嘎达，班匝尔玛美门匝，班则尔巴瓦，玛哈萨玛雅，萨多阿嗡（乃咒之首，具善妙吉祥之义，且赐予趋入殊胜五智慧之悉地）班扎萨埵萨玛雅嘛努巴拉雅（祈请主尊金刚萨埵以极密誓言护持吾等）班扎萨埵底诺巴（主尊金刚萨埵加持安住于我）底叉知桌美巴哇（与我融为无别）苏埵卡约美巴哇（请赐我无漏大乐，令我欢喜）苏波卡约美巴哇（令我证悟光明智慧）阿努RA埵美巴哇（请慈悲怜爱于我）萨哇斯德玛美扎雅叉（祈请加持速净罪障赐予悉地）萨哇嘎嘛色匝美（具足一切事业）则当、协日央格热（令我心地贤善）吽（金刚萨埵种子字）哈哈哈哈（表四灌之四智慧）吙（愿怀柔一切）班嘎哇纳（出有坏）萨哇达他嘎达（祈请一切出有坏如来，恒时不要舍弃我）班扎嘛麦母杂（金刚萨埵垂念我）班扎巴哇（令我成就金刚萨埵）嘛哈萨玛雅萨埵（恒时不离出世之法界，祈请金刚萨埵令我成就一切如来不生不灭之法界，并享受平等法味，一体之智慧）啊（本来无生，诸法自性空性中一味）吽帕的。

（遣除一切魔障）】以上是百字明的大致解释，文字上没有什么难以理解的。

最后一句“吽帕的”中的“的”字，只是念诵帕字时的音。

“帕”字可以遣除一切违缘魔障，但有些百字明到了“嘛哈萨玛雅萨埵啊”就结束了，虽然没有“帕”字，因为百字明中“嗡”以后也是在遣除一切违缘，所以“吽帕的”是否念诵都可以。

【计数诵咒后，念诵：怙主我因无明故，破与违犯三昧耶，怙主上师垂救护，无上金刚总持尊，大慈大悲大圣者，众生怙主我皈依。

“发露及忏悔违犯身口意一切根本及支分誓言，祈请赐予清净一切罪障、堕过之垢。

”专心祈祷，观想上师金刚萨埵和颜悦色赐予清净一切罪障。

】念诵完祈祷文后，观想金刚萨埵面对自己并微笑授记：“善男子，你的业障已经也已清净。

”以前上师传讲时反复强调，昌根阿瑞曾说，因为我们业障深重，所以在念诵完祈祷文前，即便金刚萨埵没有示现忿怒相，脸上也没有笑容，只有在授记时才观想金刚萨埵面带笑容。

百字明诵读版
听说每天大声朗读，不仅可以增强口语能力，还可以提高自信心和记忆力。

因此，今天我想简单分享一下百字明诵读版的内容，它包含了一些我个人认为比较有用的参考资料。

首先，我想提到的是电子商务，随着互联网的普及和技术的发展，电子商务已经成为了现代商务的主流形式之一。

不管是
B2B还是B2C，电子商务的模式都在不断创新和演变。

尤其是在新冠肺炎疫情期间，电子商务逐渐替代了传统的线下消费方式，成为了人们生活中必不可少的一部分。

其次，我想提到的是人工智能，它是21世纪前沿技术的代表之一。

人工智能主要运用在机器人、语音识别、自动驾驶、智能家居等领域。

目前，各大科技企业都在不断研发和推广人工智能技术，尤其是在教育、医疗、金融、安防等领域的应用已经初具规模。

最后，我想提到的是低碳环保，这是社会可持续发展的重要方向之一。

低碳环保涉及到的领域包括节能降耗、绿色交通、清洁能源、废旧物资回收利用等。

在全球气候变化的背景下，各国政府纷纷制定了相关政策，促进了低碳环保技术的发展和应用。

此外，家庭也可以从生活细节做起，比如减少不必要的用水、用电和垃圾分类等。

以上就是我想分享的三个话题。

当然，这只是一个简单的百字明诵读版，实际上每一个话题都有大量的相关信息和资料。

我
相信通过不断地学习和了解，我们可以更好地适应这个快速变化的世界。

邪鬼之最法--金咒
全本的咒音如下：嗡比哈咕噜嘛哈波若含那大支嘛尼微得梵摩那喜 >嗡卓吉那殊沙摩咕噜哄哄哄呸呸呸呸呸司瓦哈.>>薄伽梵金手菩摩诃，如子作此瞻，唱如是言：大部多主！我今「瑟摩」秘密曼荼法，若者，一切事皆悉成就，不有非夭，但事皆不及身，那夜迦伺不得便，一切生之所敬，一切怨常皆，一切密言皆得成，金法任成，一切不祥即得解，一切吉常加，若持此明十千遍，即同登具足灌。

> >降伏情欲>>佛涅，有螺髻梵王跟千的天女共相欲，佛弟子派了百千的咒仙前往降伏螺髻梵王，可是咒仙就被螺髻梵王欲之那些「淫不」之物打，各各犯咒而死。

此如的左心化了「除金」，後前往降伏，用手一指，那些「淫不」立刻化「清」。

由此可知除金咒具有降伏破淫之功。

>>>《楞》：「刍瑟摩……多淫人，成猛火聚。

教我遍百骸四肢，冷暖，神光凝，化多『淫心』，成『智慧火』，是佛皆呼召我，名『火』」。

>>佛弟子如果有淫欲深重的性，可修除金法助。

女亦修持除金身，以防暴力侵害之事。

「除金」的本就是要持清正法，庇生，不受任何淫污之害。

>>金，“除金”，即“大力威怒金”，梵文Vajra Krodha Mahābala Ucchuşma，全大力威怒金刍史，「密教」及「禅宗」所奉祀的忿怒尊之一，北方羯磨部的教令身，其原意是「爆裂的音」、「忿怒除」的意思。

在古印度有也作火神的名，所以此位金另外有「火金」的呼，以火燃一切污而清之地。

他的意作「焚」，才是正的法。

慧琳的看法如下：唐「大力」。

以大悲力如火，除生死，故名「大力」也。

>。