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桥梁常用单词一、结构物名称：（1）。
结构物：Construction桥梁：Bridge跨线桥:Flyover铁路桥:R。
O。
B. （Railway over bridge）小桥：Minor bridge拱桥：Arched bridge地下通道：Underpass人行天桥:Foot bridge天桥：Overpass便桥：Auxiliary bridge;1。
垫层Bedding/Cushion垫层砼：Bedding Concrete砂垫层：Sand bed/cushion2。
基础:Foundation扩大/明挖基础：Open foundation桩:Pile桩基础：Pile foundation钢筋砼钻孔灌注桩：Reinforced concrete bored pile3。
下部结构: Substructure桩帽：Pile cap钢筋砼桩基承台：Reinforced cement concrete pile cap 桩头：Pile—head桩式桥台：Pile abutment桥台:Abutment台帽:Abutment cap桥墩：Pier圆柱：Column墩帽：Pier cap侧墙（迂回墙)Return wall翼墙:Wing wall墙：Wall加筋挡土墙：Retaining wall加筋土挡墙：（Reinforced earth) wall支座垫石：Pedestal支座：Bearing橡胶支座：elastomeric bearing背墙:Dirt wall （Back wall)4。
上部结构：SuperstructureT梁：T—Girder（Beam)预制钢筋砼T梁:Precast RCC. T girder横隔板梁:Intermediate girder/Beam边梁:End girder（Beam)中隔板:Intermediate Cross beam边隔板：End Cross beam桥面板：Deck slab现浇板:Cast in situ slab防撞护栏：Crash barrier （人行道）护栏：Railing;磨耗层：Wearing coat实心板Solid slab空心板：V oided slab预应力Pre-stressing Work；压浆Grouting；现浇预应力箱梁PSC Box Girder钢管栏杆：Pipe handrail桥头搭板:Approach slab泄水孔Drainage spouts收集井：collection pit（2）.涵洞:Culvert管涵：Pipe culvert板函：Slab culvert箱函：Box culvert倒虹吸：Inverted culvert集水井：Storm water manhole（Catchpit)检查井：Manhole端墙：Head wall底板：Bottom slab顶板：Top slab帽石：Cap裙墙：Apron底墙(坡脚墙):Toe wall截水墙（幕墙）：Curtain wall铺砌：Pitching砌石护坡：Stone Pitching干砌石(乱石堆）Rip-rap石墙：Stone masonry wall护墙(矮墙)Parapet（3）．水系：(6）水沟:Drain边沟:Side Drain中央水沟：Median Drain开口沟，明沟：Open drain钢筋砼沟：RCC drain砌石沟：Masonry drain石笼：Gabion石笼铁丝网Gabion mesh河道防护:River training地下排水沟：Subsoil drain流水面高程（管道内底高程）Invertlevel二、工艺及其相关检查，视察：Check/Inspect测量：Survey检查申请：RFI. （Request forinspection）开挖：Excavate换填:Exchange（Replace）填石：Rock fill石屑chip；片石;chip stone料石：chipped stone钢筋：Steel bar/Reinforcement箍筋stirrup弯沟：hook下料；Cut弯曲：bend绑扎:bind绑丝:binding wire保护层：Cover /protectionlayer/protection coat净保护层:Clear cover保护层垫块：Cover block焊接：weld（jointing）焊缝:joint；焊剂welding flux焊条welding rod焊丝welding wire；钢筋下料表:BBS。
一，Careers in Civil EngineeringEngineering is a profession, which means that an engineer must have a specialized university education. Many government jurisdictions also have licensing procedures which require engineering graduates to pass an examination, similar to the examination for a lawyer, before they can actively start on their careers.土木工程是一个意味着工程师必须要经过专门的大学教育的职业。
许多政府管辖部门还有（一套）认证程序，这一程序要求工科毕业生在他们能积极地开始（从事）他们的事业之前，通过（认证）考试, 这种考试类似于律师职业里的律师考试一样。
In the university, mathematics, physics, and chemistry are heavily emphasized throughout the engineering curriculum, but particularly in the first two or three years. Mathematic is very important in all branches of engineering, so it is greatly stressed. Today, mathematics includes courses in statistics, which deals with gathering, classifying, and using numerical data, or pieces of information. An important aspect of statistical mathematics is probability, which deals with what may happen when there are different factors, or variables, that can change the results of a problem. Before the construction of a bridge is undertaken, for example, a statistical study is made of the amount of traffic the bridge will be expected to handle. In the design of the bridge, variable such as water pressure on the foundation, impact, the effects of different wind forces, and many other factors must be considered.大学里, 工科课程中着重强调数学、物理, 和化学,尤其在开始的二到三年。
℃deck arch bridge(3)扣索buckle cable人群荷载crowdload轴系数arch-axis coefficient脚区段o n跨中区段mid-span o n立柱column盖梁copinga c tion point of result ant force缘upper margin下缘lower margin形心轴centro idal axisSelf-o rk 爬模In situo n 悬臂施工中心线r line立面图t ion伸缩缝水流方向t ion线 s pring line elevation黄海 程yellow sea height水位highes t naviga ble水位 design floodlevel界线立柱n底座base本组t 弦杆下弦杆bottom chords t deck后浇带late poured band拢段closur e n t示意图schema m变形协调i tyc onsis tent mass method理princi ple y 变 vad虚功virt ual work正定矩阵positive definite x振型 vibrat ion mode方程genera l dynami c equati on 方程 e igeni on透视图per spect ive view侧面图side elevat ion俯视图top view立面图ele vatio n抗侧刚度latera l n ess引 appr oache幅度 amplit ude抗扭刚度n ess振型叠加 m ode superp osition method ;刚度突变rigidit y abrupt change可行性yc ontin uousridged bridge托架：bracke t模型建立：e实施研究：e d outThe。
Aabsolute datum 绝对基面abutment 桥台abutment pier 制动墩acceleration lane 加速车道accidental load 偶然荷载accommodation lane 专用车道acoustic barrier 隔音墙acting circles of blasting 爆破作用圈additional stake 加桩adjacent curve in one direction 同向曲线admixture 外加剂admixture 反坡安全线aerial photogrammetry 航空摄影测量aerophoto base 航摄基线aerophoto interpretation 航摄像片判读ageing 老化aggregate 集料 ( 骨料 )air hardining 气硬性alignment design ( 城市道路 ) 平面设计，线形设计alignment element 线形要素alligator cracking 路面龟裂allowable rebound deflection 容许 ( 回弹 ) 弯沉alternative line 比较线anchored bulkhead abutment 锚锭板式桥台anchored bulkhead abutment 锚锭板式挡土墙anchored retaining wall 锚杆式挡土墙anionic emulsified bitumen 阴离子乳化沥青annual average daily traffic 年平均日交通量anti-creep heap ( 厂矿道路 ) 挡车堆anti-dizzling screen 防炫屏 ( 遮光栅 )antiskid heap ( 厂矿道路 ) 防滑堆approach span 引桥aquitard 隔水层arch bridge 拱桥arch culvert 拱涵arch ring 拱圈arterial highway 干线公路arterial road ( 厂内 ) 主干道， ( 城市 ) 主干路asphalt distributor 沥青洒布车asphalt mixing plant 沥青混合料拌和设备asphalt remixer 沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt remixer 复拌沥青混合料摊铺机asphalt sand 沥青砂asphalt sprayer 沥青洒布机asphaltic bitumen 地沥青at-grade intersection 平面交叉auxiliary lane 附加车道average consistency (of soil) 土的 ) 平均稠度average gradient 平均纵坡aximuth angle 方位角Bbalance weight retaining wall 衡重式挡土墙base course 基层base line 基线basic traffic capacity 基本通行能力beam bridge 梁桥beam level deflectometer 杠杆弯沉仪bearing 支座bearing angle 象限角bearing pile 支承桩bearing platform 承台bed course 垫层bench mark 水准点benched subgrade 台口式路基bending strength 抗弯强度Benkelman beam 杠杆弯沉仪 ( 贝克曼弯沉仪 )bent cap 盖梁berm 护坡道binder 结合料binder course 联结层bitumen 沥青bitumen ( 沥青混合料 ) 抽提仪bitumen-aggregate ratio 油石比bituminous concrete pavement 沥青混凝土混合料bituminous concrete mixture 沥青混凝土路面bituminous concrete moxture 沥青碎石混合料bituminous macadam pavement 沥青碎石路面bituminous moxture 沥青混合料bituminous pavement 沥青路面bituminous penetration pavement 沥青贯入式路面biuminous surface treatment ( 沥青 ) 表面处治blasting crater 爆破漏斗blastion for loosening rock 松动爆破blasting for throwing rock 抛掷爆破blasting procedure 土石方爆破bleeding 泛油blind ditch 盲沟blind drain 盲沟block pavement 块料路面block stone 块石blow up 拱胀boring 钻探boring log ( 道路 ) 地质柱状图boring machine 钻孔机borrow earth 借土borrow pit 取土坑boundary frame on crossing 道口限界架boundary frame on road 道路限界架boundary line of road construction 道路建筑限界bowstring arch bridge 系杆拱桥box culvert 箱涵branch pipe of inlet 雨水口支管branch road ( 城市 ) 支路， ( 厂内 ) 支道bridge 桥梁bridge decking 桥面系bridge deck pavement 桥面铺装bridge floor expantion and contraction installation traction installation 桥面伸缩装置bridge gerder erection equpment 架桥机bridge on slope 坡桥bridge site 桥位bridle road 驮道broken chainage 断链broken stone 碎石broken back curve 断背曲线buried abutment 埋置式桥台bus bay 公交 ( 车辆 ) 停靠站bypass 绕行公路Ccable bent tower 索塔cable saddle 索鞍cable stayed bridge 斜拉桥 ( 斜张桥 )Cableway erecting equipment 缆索吊装设备California bearing ratio (CBR) 加州承载比 (CBR)California bearing ratio tester 加州承载比 (CBR) 测定仪camber cruve 路拱曲线cantilever beam bridge 悬臂梁桥cantilever beam bridge 悬臂式挡土墙capacity of intersection 交叉口通行能力capacity of network 路网通行能力capillary water 毛细水carriage way 车行道 ( 行车道 )cast-in-place cantilever method 悬臂浇筑法cationic emulsified bitumen 阳离子乳化沥青cattle-pass 畜力车道cement concrete 水泥混凝土cemint concrete pavement 水泥混凝土混合料cement concrete pavement 水泥混凝土路面center-island 中心岛center lane 中间车道center line of raod 道路中线center line survey 中线测量center stake 中桩central reserve 分隔带channelization 渠化交通channelization island 导流岛channelized intrersection 分道转弯式交叉口chip 石屑chute 急流槽circular curve 圆曲线circular curve 环路circular test 环道试验city road 城市道路civil engineering fabric 土工织物classified highway 等级公路classified highway 等级道路clay-bound macadam 泥结碎石路面clearance 净空clearance above bridge floor 桥面净空clearce of span 桥下净空climatic zoning for highway 公路自然区划climbing lane 爬坡车道cloverleaf interchange 苜蓿叶形立体交叉coal tar 煤沥青cobble stone 卵石coefficient of scouring 冲刷系数cohesive soil 粘性土cold laid method 冷铺法cold mixing method 冷拌法cold-stretched steel bar 冷拉钢筋column pier 柱式墩combination-type road system 混合式道路系统compaction 压实compaction test 击实试验compaction test apparatus 击实仪compactness test 压实度试验composite beam bridge 联合梁桥composite pipe line 综合管道 ( 综合管廊 ) compound curve 复曲线concave vertical curve 凹形竖曲线concrete joint cleaner ( 水泥混凝土 ) 路面清缝机concrete joint sealer ( 水泥混凝土 ) 路面填缝机concrete mixing plant 水泥混凝土 ( 混合料 ) 拌和设备concrete paver 水泥混凝土 ( 混合料 ) 摊铺机concrete pump 水泥混凝土 ( 混合料 ) 泵concrete saw ( 水泥混凝土 ) 路面锯缝机cone penetration test 触探试验c onflict point 冲突点conical slope 锥坡consistency limit (of soil) ( 土的 ) 稠度界限consolidated subsoil 加固地基consolidation 固结construction by swing 转体架桥法construction height of bridge 桥梁建筑高度construction joint 施工缝construction load 施工荷载construction survey 施工测量continuous beam bridge 连续梁桥contourline 等高线contraction joint 缩缝control point 路线控制点converging 合流convex vertining wall 凸形竖曲线corduroy road 木排道counterfout retaining wall 扶壁式挡土墙counterfort abutmen 扶壁式桥台country road 乡村道路county road 县公路 ( 县道 ) ，乡道creep 徐变critical speed 临界速度cross roads 十字形交叉cross slope 横坡cross walk 人行横道cross-sectional profile 横断面图cross-sectional survey 横断面测量crown 路拱crushed stone 碎石crushing strength 压碎值culture 地物culvert 涵洞curb 路缘石curb side strip 路侧带curve length 曲线长curve widening 平曲线加宽curved bridge 弯桥cut 挖方cut corner for sight line ( 路口 ) 截角cut-fill transition 土方调配cut-fill transition 土方调配图cutting 路堑cycle path 自行车道cycle track 自行车道Ddeceleration lane 减速车道deck bridge 上承式桥deflection angle 偏角deflection test 弯沉试验degree of compaction 压实度delay 延误density of road network 道路（网）密度depth of tunnel 隧道埋深design elevation of subgrade 路基设计高程design frequency ( 排水 ) 设计重现期design hourly volume 设计小时交通量design of evevation ( 城市道路 ) 竖向设计design of vertical alignment 纵断面设计design speed 计算行车速度 ( 设计车速 )design traffic capacity 设计通行能力design vehicle 设计车辆design water level 设计水位desiged dldvation 设计高程designed flood frequency 设计洪水频率deslicking treatment 防滑处理Deval abrasion testion machine 狄法尔磨耗试验机（双筒式磨耗试验机）diamond interchange 菱形立体交叉differential photo 微分法测图direction angle 方向角directional interchange 定向式立体交叉diverging 分流dowel bar 传力杆drain opening 泄水口drainage by pumping station ( 立体交叉 ) 泵站排水drainage ditch 排水沟dressed stone 料石drop water 跌水dry concrtet 干硬性混凝土ductility (of bitumen) ( 沥青 ) 延度ductilometer ( 沥青 ) 延度仪dummy joint 假缝dynamic consolidation 强夯法Eeconomic speed 经济车速econnomical hauling distance 土方调配经济运距element support 构件支撑elevation 高程 ( 标高 )embankment 路堤emergency parking strip 紧急停车带emulsified bitumen 乳化沥青erecting by floating 浮运架桥法erection by longitudinal pulling method 纵向拖拉法erection by protrusion 悬臂拼装法erection with cableway 缆索吊装法evaporation pond 蒸发池expansion bearing 活动支座expansive soil 膨胀土expansion joint 胀缝expressway ( 城市 ) 快速路external distance 外 ( 矢 ) 距Ffabricated bridge 装配式桥fabricated steel bridge 装拆式钢桥factories and mines road 厂矿道路factory external transportation line 对外道路factory-in road 厂内道路factory-out road 厂外道路fast lane 内侧车道faulting of slab ends 错台feeder highway 支线公路ferry 渡口fibrous concrete 纤维混凝土field of vision 视野fill 填方filled spandrel arch bridge 实腹拱桥final survey 竣工测量fineness 细度fineness modulus 细度模数fixed bearing 固定支座flare wing wall abutment 八字形桥台flared intersection 拓宽路口式交叉口flash 闪点flash point tester (open cup method) 闪点仪 ( 开口杯式 ) flexible pavement 柔性路面flexible pier 柔性墩floor system 桥面系flush curb 平缘石foot way 人行道ford 过水路面forest highway 林区公路forest road 林区道路foundation 基础free style road system 自由式道路系统free way 高速公路free-flow speed 自由车速freeze road 冻板道路freezing and thawing test 冻融试验frost boiling 翻浆frozen soil 冻土full depth asphalt pavement 全厚式沥青 ( 混凝土 ) 路面function planting 功能栽植Ggeneral scour under bridge opening 桥下一般冲刷geological section ( 道路 ) 地质剖面图geotextile 土工织物gradation 级配gradation of stone ( 路用 ) 石料等级grade change point 变坡点grade compensation 纵坡折减grade crossing 平面交叉grade length limitation 坡长限制grade of side slope 边坡坡度grade separation 简单立体交叉grade-separated junction 立体交叉graded aggregate pavement 级配路面brader 平地机grain composition 颗粒组成granular material 粒料gravel 砾石gravity pier (abutment) 重力式墩、台gravity retaining wall 重力式挡土墙green belt 绿化带gridiron road system 棋盘式道路系统ground control-point survey 地面控制点测量ground elevation 地面高程ground stereophoto grammetry 地面立体摄影测量guard post 标柱guard rail 护栏guard wall 护墙gully 雨水口gutter 街沟 ( 偏沟 )gutter apron 平石gutter drainage 渠道排水Hhalf-through bridge 中承式桥hard shoulder 硬路肩hardening 硬化hardness 硬度haul road 运材道路heavy maintenance 大修hectometer stake 百米桩hedge 绿篱height of cut and fill at ceneter stake 中桩填挖高度high strength bolt 高强螺栓high type pavement 高级路面highway 公路highway landscape design 公路景观设计hill-side line 山坡线 ( 山腰线 )hilly terrain 重丘区horizontal alignment 平面线形horizontal curve 平曲线hot laid method 热铺法hot mixing method 热拌法hot stability (of bitumen) ( 沥青 ) 热稳性hydraulic computation 水力计算hydraulic computation 水硬性Iimaginary intersection point 虚交点immersed tunnelling method 沉埋法inbound traffic 入境交通incremental launching method 顶推法industrial district road 工业区道路industrial solid waste ( 路用 ) 工业废渣industrial waste base course 工业废渣基层inlet 雨水口inlet submerged culvert 半压力式涵洞inlet unsubmerged culvert 无压力式涵洞inorganic binder 无机结合料instrument station 测站intensity of rainstorm 暴雨强度intercepting detch 截水沟interchange 互通式立体交叉interchange woth special bicycle track 分隔式立体交叉intermediate maintenance 中修intermediate type pavement 中级路面intersection ( 平面 ) 交叉口intersection angle 交叉角，转角intersection entrance 交叉口进口intersection exit 交叉口出口intersection plan 交叉口平面图intersection point 交点intersection with widened corners 加宽转角式交叉口Jjack-in method 顶入法Kkilometer stone 里程碑Lland slide 坍方lane 车道lane-width 车道宽度lateral clear distance of curve ( 平曲线 ) 横净距lay-by 紧急停车带level of service 道路服务水平leveling course 整平层leveling survey 水准测量light-weight concrete 轻质混凝土lighting facilities of road 道路照明设施lime pile 石灰桩line development 展线linking-up road 联络线，连接道路liquid asphaltic bitumen 液体沥青liquid limit 液限living fence 绿篱load 荷载loading berm 反压护道lading combinations 荷载组合loading plate 承载板loading plate test 承载板试验local scour near pier 桥墩局部冲刷local traffic 境内交通location of line 定线location survey 定测lock bolt support with shotcrete 喷锚支护loess 黄土longitudinal beam 纵梁longitudinal gradient 纵坡longitudinal joint 纵缝loop ramp 环形匝道Los Angeles abrasion testing machine 洛杉矶磨耗试验机Mmachine ( 搁板式磨耗试验机 )low rype pavement 低级路面main beam 主梁main bridge 主桥maintenance 养护maintenance period 大中修周期manhole 检查井marginal strip 路缘带marshall stability apparatus 马歇尔稳定度仪Marshall stability test 马歇尔试验masonry bridge 圬工桥maximum annual hourly volume 年最大小时交通量maximum dry unit weight ( 标准 ) 最大干密度maximum longitudinal gradient 最大纵坡mine tunnelling method 矿山法mineral aggregate 矿料mineral powder 矿粉mini-roundabout 微形环交minimum height of fill ( 路基 ) 最小填土高度minimum longitudinal gradient 最小纵坡minimum radius of horizontal curve 最小平曲线半径minimum turning radius 汽车最小转弯半径mixed traffic 混合交通mixing method 拌和法mixture 混合料model split 交通方式划分modulus of elasticity 弹性模量modulus of resilience 回弹模量modulus ratio 模量比monthly average daily traffic 月平均日交通量motor way 高速公路mountainous terrain 山岭区movable bridge 开启桥mud 淤泥multiple-leg intersection 多岔交叉mational trunk highway 国家干线公路 ( 国道 ) matural asphalt 天然沥青Nnatural scour 自然演变冲刷natural subsoil 天然地基navigable water level 通航水位nearside lane 外侧车道net-shaped cracking 路面网裂New Austrian Tunnelling Method 新奥法Oobservation point 测点one-way ramp 单向匝道open cut method 明挖法open cut tunnel 明洞open spandrel arch bridge 空腹拱桥opencast mine road 露天矿山道路operating speed 运行速度o ptimum gradation 最佳级配optimum moisture content 最佳含水量optimum speed 临界速度organic binder 有机结合料origin-destination study 起迄点调查outbound traffic 出境交通outlet submerged culvert 压力式涵洞outlet inlet main road 城市出入干道overall speed 区间速度overlay of pavement 罩面overpass grade separation 上跨铁路立体交叉overtaking lane 超车车道overtaking sight distance 超车视距Ppaper location 纸上定线paraffin content test 含蜡量试验parent soil 原状土parking lane 停车车道parking lot 停车场parking station 公交 ( 车辆 ) 停靠站part out-part fill subgrade 半填半挖式路基pass 垭口passing bay 错车道patrol maintenance 巡回养护paved crossing 道口铺面pavement 路面pavement depression 路面沉陷pavement recapping 路面翻修pavement slab pumping 路面板唧泥pavement spalling 路面碎裂pavement strengthening 路面补强pavement structure layer 路面结构层pavemill 路面铣削机 ( 刨路机 )peak hourly volume 高峰小时交通量pedestrian overcrossing 人行天桥pedestrian underpass 人行地道penetration macadam with coated chips 上拌下贯式 ( 沥青 ) chips 路面penetration method 贯入法penetration test apparatus 长杆贯入仪penetration (of bitumen) ( 沥青 ) 针入度penetrometer ( 沥青 ) 针入度仪periodical maintenance 定期养护permafrost 多年冻土permanent load 永久荷载perviousness test 透水度试验petroleum asphaltic bitumen 石油沥青photo index 像片索引图 ( 镶辑复照图 )photo mosaic 像片镶嵌图photogrammetry 摄影测量photographic map 影像地图pier 桥墩pile and plank retaining wall 柱板式挡土墙pile bent pier 排架桩墩pile driver 打桩机pipe culvert 管涵pipe drainage 管道排水pit test 坑探pitching method 铺砌法plain stage of slope 边坡平台plain terrain 平原区plan view ( 路线 ) 平面图plane design ( 城市道路 ) 平面设计plane sketch ( 道路 ) 平面示意图planimetric photo 综合法测图plant mixing method 厂拌法plasticity index 塑限plasticity index 塑性指数poisson's ratio 泊松比polished stone value 石料磨光值pontoon bridge 浮桥porosity 空隙率portable pendulum tester 摆式仪possible traffic capacity 可能通行能力post-tensioning method 后张法pot holes 路面坑槽preliminary survey 初测preloading method 预压法prestressed concrete 预应力混凝土prestressed concrete bridge 预应力混凝土桥prestresed steel bar drawing jack 张拉预应力钢筋千斤顶pretensioning method 先张法prime coat 透层productive arterial road 生产干线productive branch road 生产支线profile design 纵断面设计profilometer 路面平整度测定仪proportioning of cement concrete 水泥混凝土配合比protection forest fire-proof road 护林防火道路provincial trunk highway 省干线公路 ( 省道 )Rrailroad grade crossing ( 铁路 ) 道口ramp 匝道rebound deflection 回弹弯沉reclaimed asphalt mixture 再生沥青混合料reclaimed bituminous pavement 再生沥青路面reconnaissance 踏勘red clay 红粘土reference stake 护桩reflection crack 反射裂缝refuge island 安全岛regulating structure 调治构造物reinforced concrete 钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete bridge 钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concrete pavement 钢筋混凝土路面reinforced earth retaining wall 加筋土挡土墙relative moisture content (of soil) ( 土的 ) 相对含水量relief road 辅道residential street 居住区道路resultant gradient 合成坡度retaining wall 挡土墙revelling of pavement 路面松散reverse curve 反向曲线reverse loop 回头曲线ridge crossing line 越岭线ridge line 山脊线right bridge 正交桥right bridge 正桥rigid frame bridge 刚构桥rigid pavement 刚性路面rigid-type base 刚性基层ring and radial road system 环形辐射式道路系统ripper 松土机riprap 抛石road 道路road alignment 道路线形road appearance 路容road area per citizen ( 城市 ) 人均道路面积road area ratio ( 城市 ) 道路面积率road axis 道路轴线road bed 路床road bitumen 路用沥青road condition 路况road condition survey 路况调查road crossing ( 平面 ) 交叉口road crossing design 交叉口设计road engineering 道路工程road feasibility study ( 道路工程 ) 可行性研究road improvement 改善工程road intersection 道路交叉 ( 路线交叉 )road mixing method 路拌法road network 道路网road network planning 道路网规划road planting 道路绿化road project ( 道路工程 ) 方案图road trough 路槽road way 路幅rock breaker 凿岩机rock filled gabion 石笼roller 压路机rolled cement concrete 碾压式水泥混凝土rolling terrain 微丘区rotary interchange 环形立体交叉rotary intersection 环形交叉roundabout 环形交叉route development 展线rout of road 道路路线route selection 选线routine maintenance 小修保养rubble 片石running speed 行驶速度rural road 郊区道路Ssaddle back 垭口safety belt 安全带safety fence 防护栅salty soil 盐渍土sand 砂sanddrain (sand pile) 砂井sand gravel 砂砾sand hazard 沙害sand mat of subgrade 排水砂垫层sand patch test 铺砂试验sand pile 砂桩sand protection facilities 防沙设施sand ratio 砂率sand sweeping 回砂sand sweeping equipment 回砂机sandy soil 砂性土saturated soil 饱和土scraper 铲运机seal coat 封层secondary trunk road ( 厂内 ) 次干道， ( 城市 ) 次干路seepage well 渗水井segregation 离析semi-rigid type base 半刚性基层separate facilties 分隔设施separator 分隔带sheep-foot roll 羊足压路机 ( 羊足碾 )shelter belt 护路林shield 盾构 ( 盾构挖掘机 )shield tunnelling method 盾构法shoulder 路肩shrinkage limit 缩限side ditch 边沟side slope 边坡side walk 人行道sieve analysis 筛分sight distance 视距sight distance of intersection 路口视距sight line 视线sight triangle 视距三角形silty soil 粉性土simple supported beam bridge 简支梁桥singl direction thrusted pier 单向推力墩single-sizeaggregat 同粒径集料siphon culvert 倒虹涵skew bridge 斜交桥skew bridge 斜桥skid road 集材道路slab bridge 板桥slab culvert 盖板涵slab staggering 错位slide 滑坡slope protection 护坡slump 坍落度snow hazard 雪害snow plough 除雪机snow protection facilities 防雪设施soft ground 软弱地基soft soil 软土softening point tester (ring ball) ( 沥青 ) 软化点议仪method ( 环—球法 )softening point (of bitumen) 沥青）软化点solubility (of bitumen) ( 沥青 ) 溶解度space headway 车头间距space mean speed 空间平均速度span 跨径span by span method 移动支架逐跨施工法spandrel arch 腹拱spandrel structure 拱上结构special vehicle 特种车辆speed-change lane 变速车道splitting test 劈裂试验spot speed 点速度spreading in layers 层铺法springing 弹簧现象stabilizer 稳定土拌和机stabilized soil base course 稳定土基层stage for heating soil and broken rock 碎落台staggered junction 错位交叉stand axial loading 标准轴截steel bridge 钢筋冷墩机steel bridge 钢桥steel extension machine 钢筋拉伸机stiffness modulus 劲度stone coating test 石料裹覆试验stone crusher 碎石机stone spreader 碎石撒布机stopping sight distance 停车视距stopping truck heap ( 厂矿道路 ) 阻车堤street 街道street drainage 街道排水street planting 街道绿化street trees 行道树strengthening layer 补强层strengthening of structure 加固stringer 纵梁striping test for aggregate 集料剥落试验structural approach limit of tunnel 隧道建筑限界sub-high type pavement 次高级路面subgrade 路基subgrade drainage 路基排水submersible bridge 漫水桥subsidence 沉陷subsoil 地基substructure 下部结构super elevation 超高super elevation runoff 超高缓和段superstructure 上部结构supported type abutment 支撑式桥台surface course 面层surface evenness 路面平整度surface frostheave 路面冻胀surface permeameter 路面透水度测定仪surface roughness 路面粗糙度surface slipperinness 路面滑溜surface water 地表水surface-curvature apparatus 路面曲率半径测定仪surrounding rock 围岩suspension bridge 悬索桥swich-back curve 回头曲线TTintersection 丁字形交叉 (T 形交叉 )T-shaped rigid frame bridge 形刚构桥tack coat 粘层tangent length 切线长tar 焦油沥青technical standard of road 道路技术标准Telford 锥形块石Telford base ( 锥形 ) 块石基层terrace 台地thermal insulation berm 保温护道thermal insulation course 隔温层thirtieth highest annual hourly 年第 30 位最大小时volume 交通量through bridge 下承式桥through traffic 过境交通tie bar 拉杆timber bridge 木桥time headway 车头时距time mean speed 时间平均速度toe of slope ( 边 ) 坡脚tongue and groove joint 企口缝top of slope ( 边 ) 坡顶topographic feature地貌topographic map 地形图topographic survey 地形测量topography 地形township road 乡公路 ( 乡道 )traffic assignment 交通量分配traffic capacity 通行能力traffic composition 交通组成traffic density 交通密度traffic distribution 交通分布traffic flow 交通流traffic generation 交通发生traffic island 交通岛traffic mirror 道路反光镜traffic planning 道路交通规划traffic safety device 交通安全设施traffic square 交通广场traffic stream 车流traffic survey 交通调查traffic volume 交通量traffic volume observation station 交通量观测站traffic volume 交通量预测traffic volume survey 交通量调查transition curve 缓和曲线transition slab at bridge head 桥头搭板transition zone of cross section 断面渐变段transition zone of curve widening 加宽缓和段transitional gradient 缓和坡段transverse beam 横梁transverse joint 横缝traverse 导线traverse survey 导线测量trencher 挖沟机triaxial test 三轴试验trip 出行true joint 真缝trumpet interchange 喇叭形立体交叉trunk highway 干线公路truss bridge 桁架桥tunnel ( 道路 ) 隧道tunnel boring machine 隧道掘进机tunnel ling 衬砌tunnel portal 洞门tunnel support 隧道支撑turnaround loop 回车道，回车场turning point 转点two-way curved arch bridge 双曲拱桥two-way ramp 双向匝道type of dry and damp soil base 土基干湿类型UU-shaped abutment U 形桥台under-ground pipes comprehensive design 管线综合设计\underground water 地下水underground water level 地下水位underpass grade separation 下穿铁路立体交叉universal photo 全能法测图urban road 城市道路Vvalley line 沿溪线variable load 可变荷载vehicle stream 车流vehicular gap 车 ( 辆 ) 间净距verge 路肩vertical alignment 纵面线形vertical curb 立缘石 ( 侧石 )vertical curve 竖曲线vertical profile map ( 路线 ) 纵断面图viameter 路面平整度测定仪vibratory roller 振动压路机viscosimeter ( 沥青 ) 粘度仪viscosity (of bitumen) ( 沥青 ) 粘 ( 滞 ) 度void ratio 孔隙比Wwashout 水毁waste 弃土waste bank 弃土堆water cement ratio 水灰比water content 含水量water level 水位water reducing agent 减水剂water stability 水稳性water-bound macadam 水结碎石路面wearing course 磨耗层weaving 交织weaving point 交织点weaving section 交织路段wheel tracking test 车辙试验width of subgrade 路基宽度workability 和易性YY intersection 形交叉。
3-axle truck 三轴汽车abut 邻接，毗邻，贴近，靠紧，接近abutment 桥台accessibility 易接近，可到达的accommodating 乐于助人的，随和的accompanying 陪伴的，附随的account 计算，账目，说明，估计，理由，总计有，认为，得分aesthetic 美学的，审美的，有审美感的air temperature 气温algebraic 代数的，关于代数的algorithm 运算法则alternaive bid 替补性投标alternative 二者选一，替补ambient air temperature 周围（介质）温度，环境温度ambush 伏击；埋伏（处）amplification 扩大appearance 外观approach 引道approval 赞成，承认，正式批准apron 裙板arbitrary 任意的，武断的，独裁的，专断的arch bridge 拱桥arterial 动脉的arterial 干线的asphalt binder 沥青结合料assign 分配，指派assignment 分配，委派，任务，作业，atterberg limits 土的特性湿度界限bearing 支座bituminous 沥青的，含沥青的bottom slab 底板bow string girder 系杆拱梁，弓弦梁cable-stayed bridges 斜拉桥cable-stayed bridge斜拉桥cantilever 悬臂capacity 容量，生产量，智能，才能cease 停止，终了centroid 质心centroid 质心channelization 管（渠）道化characteristic特有的，表示特性的，典型的clearance 净空clearance 清除code 标准commence 开始，着手comply 顺从，答应，遵守compression 压力comprise 构成，组成conservative 保守的，守旧的consistent 一致的，调和的，坚固的，consultant 顾问，商议者，咨询者contingent 可能发生的，暂时的，附随的，偶然的事情converting 吹（炉冶）炼，转炉炼钢corrosion 锈蚀creep 徐变crossroad 十字路，十字路口，歧途cross-section 横截面currently 普遍的，通常的，现在，当前curvature 曲率cut-back asphalt 轻质（地）沥青，稀释（地）沥青cycle track 自行车道dead load 静载deck slab 顶板deem 认为，相信deflection 歪斜，偏，偏向deflectometer 挠（弯，偏，挺）度计deformation 变形depressed 降低的，悲伤的，沮丧的destination 目的地，目的文件，目的单元格destructive 分解蒸馏，毁馏deteriorate 恶化deviation 背离differentiate 区别，区分dilute 稀释，discrepancy 相差，差异，矛盾distinct 清楚地，明显的，截然不同的，独特的diversion 绕行绕路ductile 韧性的durability 耐久的dwelling 住处eccentric 偏心的，偏心装置efficiency 效率，功率eigenfrequency 本征频率，特征频率element 单元，元件，要素elevation 高程emulsified asphalt 乳化沥青emulsify 使乳化erect 架设essentially 本质的，本来，根本europe-wide 欧洲范围exception 例外，反对，除外expanded 扩大的，膨胀的expansive 易扩张的，广阔的，豪爽的，豪华的expedite 加快，促进，迅速做好exponential 指数，倡导者，演奏者，例子，指数的，幕数的expressway 快速路external prestressing 体外预应力extrapolation 外推法，推断facility 容易，简易，灵巧，熟练falsework 支架flag 薄层；薄层砂岩flexibility 弹性，适应性，机动性foundation 基础frost 霜冻，严寒，结霜，霜generate 产生，发生gorge 峡谷grade separations 立体交叉gradient 坡度granular 有小粒而成的，粒状的grout 薄胶泥薄浆，石灰浆，用薄泥浆填塞grout 压降handbook 手册，便览handrail 护栏hard-surfaced road 硬质路面道路heavens 冻胀histogram 柱状图hostile 敌人的，敌方的household 家庭的，家族的，家属的，普遍的，平常的hybrid construction 混合施工hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物，烃hydrogen sulphide 硫化氢impedance 阻抗，安全阻，implement 工具，器械，贯彻，实现，执行impose 释….强加于，利用，强使incremental launching 顶推inherent 固有的，内在的，与生俱来的internal prestressing 体内预应力intrusion 闯入，侵扰iterative 重复的，反复的，迭代的jughandle 不均衡的，单方面的，片面的lane （乡间）小路，巷，里弄，狭窄的通道，航线lateral 侧面的latex 乳胶，橡胶lens 透镜，镜头liquefy 液化logarithmic 对数的longitudinal 纵向的loss-of-prestress 预应力损失maintenance 维持，保持，生活费用，扶养maintenance 维修maneuver 机动manual 手册，指南masonry 砌体mass 群众的，大规模的，集中的，块，大多数，质量，materially 本质上，物质上，重大median 中央的，中线的，中值的methodology 方法论，方法学methodology 方法学，方法论minimize 将……减到最少minimum 最小的，最低的，最小值，最小化mitigate 减轻moisture 潮湿，湿气moment of inertia 惯性矩mound 土墩，护坡，堆起，筑堤necessitate 成为必要node 节点occupancy 占有optimal 最佳的ordinary temperature 常温orthotropic 正交的oscillation 振动overall length 全长overpass 天桥，路桥oxidation 氧化（作用）oxidize 氧化，使氧化parameter 参数，参量，起限定作用的因素parish 教区partial prestressing 部分预应力passage 通道peak 山顶，顶点，最高峰，缩小peak 山顶，顶点，最高峰，消瘦，缩小pedestrian 徒步的，呆板的，通俗的，步行者pedestrian 行人penetration（沥青）针入度，灌入，贯入度perceive 感知，感到，认识到performance grading 沥青的性能等级petroleum 石油pier 桥墩pilot 试点的，引导的pipeline 管线pitch 硬沥青，硬煤沥青placed放，安装，排列，整顿plasticity 可塑的，塑性，portal frame门架post-tensioned method 后张法potential 潜在的，可能的，潜能，潜力，电压precast 预制prestressed concrete 预应力混凝土prioritize 把…...区分优先次序process 过程，作用，方法，程序，步骤，进行profile 侧面，外形，轮廓proposed 被提议的prosper （使）兴隆，（使）繁荣，（使）成功prototype 原型prudent 谨慎的R.C. 钢筋混凝土reduction 减少refine 提炼removal 移动，免职，切除replaceable 可替换的residential 住宅的，与居住有关的resilient 弹回的，有回弹力的resistance 抵抗restrained 受限制的，有限的，拘谨的retaining wall 挡墙right-of-way 公路用地rigid frame bridge 刚架桥rigidity 刚性，刚度roadway 路幅roller 转轴rubble 毛石，块石saddle 鞍座scaffold脚手架scatter 分散，散开，撇开，驱散semi-solid半无限固体semi-weathered 半风化的shrinkage 收缩shuttering 模板shy 怕羞的，畏缩的，害羞的sidewalk 人行道significance 重要（性），紧要，重大significantly 意味深长的，值得注目的simply supported 简支simulate 模仿sinuous 曲折的，错综复杂的slab bridge 板桥slenderness 细长比slope 斜坡，斜面，倾斜sodden 泡胀了的soft coal 烟煤span-by-span 逐孔spectra 范围，光谱spilt 劈开，裂开，分裂，分离stiffness 刚度stiffness 坚硬，硬度submit 服从，顺从，提交，递交subsoil 地基substructure 下部结构sufficient 充分的，足够的sulphur dioide 二氧化硫sulphur extened asphalt 掺硫沥青sulphur 硫硫磺硫化的硫磺的summary 概要，摘要superimposed load 附加荷载superstructure 上部结构susceptible 易受影响的，易感动的，容许…..的suspension bridge 悬索桥swampy 沼泽的，多沼泽的，潮湿的tack coat （沥青）黏层，黏结层tank 箱t-beam T梁tender 投标tendon 钢束tension 拉力terminate 停止，结束，终止terrain 地形thaw 解冻three-dimensional 三维的tie beam 系梁topography 地形学topography 地形（测量）学，地形，地势tower 塔transit 经过，通行，搬运，通过，经过transmit 传递transverse 横向的trend 倾诉，趋势，伸向，通向truss 桁架turnpike 收费公路up to 直到usable 可用的，合用的，便于使用的versatility多能性，多换性，多用途version 译文，译本，翻译versus 与……相对vibration 振动waterproof 防水的，不透水的，防水物料，防水布weakening 弱化well 井wingwall 翼墙zonal 带状的。
一：汉译英短语1专业英语English for special purpose2 土木工程civil engineering3屈服准则yield criterion4主应力principal stress5固体排水原理the principle of displacement of water by solid body6地球自转the rotation of the earth on its own axis7使用钢筋混凝土the employment of reinforced concrete8 变形deformation9刚塑性材料rigid-plastic material10减低车速reduce speed11粉碎educe to power12降低温度reduce the temperature13缩短时间reduce the time14削减工程开支reduce construction expenses15缩小工程规模reduce the scales of construction16减少交通事故Reduce the numbers of traffic accidents17钢铁工业The iron and steel industry18机器运转正常。
The machine works properly.19可以问老师一些问题The teacher may be asked questions.。
20分解Decompose/break down/dissociate21吸附过程的原理The principle of absorption22这些书每十本一捆These books are packed in tens.23这些商品数以百计。
The commercial products are counted by hundreds.24削减工程开支Reduce construction expenses25缩小工程规模Reduce the scales of construction26 分子结构molecular structure27通过X射线衍射的方法by means of the X-ray diffraction28太阳能solar energy29 混合物与化合物mixtures and compounds30.大型结构large structure31. 变形缝expansion joints32值得赞扬be most commendable33忽视公路安全ignorant of the safety on highways34.新发现的材料the newly discovered material35. 力学性能mechanical property36 史前时代in prehistoric time37. 全世界throughhout the world38.不带铰链的连续梁桥a continuous girder bridge with no hinges39 从事教学活动的土木工程师teaching civil engineers engage40 基础研究和应用研究basic research41 初期数据preeliminary data42. 完全不同的支撑和荷载条件the totally different conditions of support andloading43. 临时结构和永久结构temporary structure and permanent structure44. 在挖掘过程中during the process of excavation45 侧向土压力lateral earth pressure46海拔、高度elevation47（正）垂直视图elevation view / vertical48view水平投影horizontal view49 侧视图lateral plan50耐久性durability51充分使用considerable use52工程技术与工程管理engineering technology and management53脆性材料和柔性材料brittle and ductile materials54不同材料具有不同的力学性质Different materials differ in their mechanical behavior.55所有材料都热胀冷缩All substances expand when heated and contract when cooled.56素混凝土梁plain concrete beam57一切就绪All preparations were done.58施工现场construction site59静荷载和活荷载dead load and live load60附加承载力additional capability61梁的水平轴线（中性面）horizontal axis of the beam(neutral plane)62旋转力矩或扭转力矩rotating or turning motion63现代最引人注目的工程事故之一One of the most spectacular engineering failures of modern times64上表面向下凹或向内弯曲The top surface is concave or bend inward.句子1路面根据表面传递荷载形式分为刚性路面和柔性路面。
关于道桥专业英语作文120词My family is a river and lake crisscrossed with waterways in the south of the Yangtze River. All kinds of land are used to connect the bridge. People call it "old bridge".It is said that it has been built by foreign builders for many years. It witnessed the history of the Anti Japanese war. The Japanese wanted to destroy the Lingqiao bridge.The bridge was not able to be reached by the aerial bombing because the bridge was covered with wooden boards at that time After liberation, the design of the bridge was very reasonable. In order to let people run for the bridge, the planks were removed and laid on the asphalt pavement, and the traffic was convenient. The hope bridge was next to a buoy.Now called Jiangxia bridge, the buoy was said to be chained to one of the pontoons The floating bridge on the water surface is covered with wooden boats for pedestrians and bicycles. When the tide rises, there is a buoy arched up. The cracks between the ship and the channel are seen to be through cracks.Under them are turbulent and turbid rivers. Therefore, people are always scared to walk on them. I feel very afraidthat Jiangdong and Haishu will facilitate the passage of vehicles.The government has also put the buoy into practice I have many bridges in my family, such as the new bridge, Jiefang Bridge, the bridge I love my hometown, and the bridge I love my hometown.。
