定语从句关系代词that、which特殊用法

关系代词that 和which 都可指屋，在定语从句中作主语或定语时，一般可以互换，但各自也有专用场合。

一有下列情形之一时，一般用that。

如：1 当先行词前面有形容词最高级或者序数词修饰时。

例如：These are the cleanest parks that you can imagine.This is the first thing that I afford by myself.2当先行词是不定代词all, anything , everything, something,nothing, little, few, much, none等时。

All that can be done has been done.This book contains little that is interesting and useful.3当先行词被both, all, every , no, any, much等修饰的时候。

如：There is no book that I like to read here.4当先行词为人，物共存的时候。

如：Can you tell me the person and place that you would like to visit?5 当先行词前面有the very, only, last 等表示唯一概念的词修饰的时候。

如：This is the very problem that I cannot answer.This is the last thing that I would like to do.5当定语从句的谓语动词是be，需要关系代词作表语的时候。

My computer is no longer the machine that it was.6当主句是由which或who引起的特殊疑问句时。

如：Which is the computer that you want to use?Who is the man that you spoke to just now?7当先行词是数词的时候。

关于代词that和which的用法区别：在定语从句中，当先行词是指物时，关系代词which可以由that代替，如果which不在介词之后，也可省略。

在日常用语或口语中，which不作主语时可以省略。

例：Did you take away the book(which/that）I showed you yesterday?你把我昨天给你看的那本书拿走了吗？The hotel at which we stayed was both cheap and comfortable.我们住的那家旅馆既便宜又舒适。

This is certainly not the book for which I paid./This is certainly not the book I paid for.这肯定不是我付钱买的那本书。

但两者之间还有一定的区别，必须予以足够的重视。

一.that仅用在限制性定语从句中，通常不用逗号隔开，作宾语或介词宾语时，that 可以省去。

例：The letter that came this morning is from my father.今晨收到的那封信是我父亲寄来的。

The watch(that)you gave me keeps perfect time.你给我的那块手表走得准极了。

The photographs(that) you're looking at were taken by my brother.你正看的这些相片是我弟弟照的。

二.which既可用在限制性定语从句中，作宾语或介词宾语时，which可以省去，也可用在非限制性定语从句中。

例：Did you see the letter that/which came today?今天来的信你看到了没有？This is the one of which I'm speaking./This is the one I'm speaking of.这就是我说的那一个。

定语从句that和which的区别定语从句that和which的区别关于定语从句that和which大家了解过多少呢？可能很多人都不是很清楚，下面就是店铺分享的定语从句that和which的区别，一起来看一下吧。

定语从句that和which的区别1在定语从句中，which 和that 在指代事物时，一般可以互换使用，但并非在任何情况下都是这样，这里介绍宜用that，而不宜用which 的情况。

①先行词为不定代词，all，much，something，everything，anything，nothing，none，the one等，1.We should do all that is useful to the people .2.There's nothing that can be said about it .3.Do you mean the one that was bought yesterday?②先行词被only， any， few， little， no， just， very， one of等词修饰时.1.The only thing that we could do was to wait.2.That's the very word that is wrongly used.The last place (that) we visited was the chemical works.You can take any (=whichever) seat that is free.I hope the little that I can will be of some help to them.比较 *This is one of the best novels that were published last year.*This is the only one of the best novels that was published last year.③先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时.1.When we talk about Wuxi， the first that comes into mind is Tai Lake.2.This is the third film that has been shown in our school thisterm.④先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时.1.This is the best that can be done now.2.The most important thing that should be done right now is how to stop him from going on.⑤先行词既有人又有物，用which和who都不适合，这时宜用that. 如：1.The writer and his novel that you have just talked about is really well known .2.The rider and his bike that had run over an old woman were held up by the police.⑥被修饰词为数词时.1.Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water .Now you can see the two that are still alive .⑦如果有两个从句，其中一个关系代词已用which ，另一个关系代词宜用that，以避免语言的单调或重复.Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.⑧疑问词是who或which，关系代词宜用that，以避免重复.1. Which is the book that you like best?2. Who is the man that is standing at the gate?⑨主句是There be 结构，修饰其主句的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词. 如：1. There is still a seat in the corner that is still free.⑩被修饰成分为表语时，或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时，该关系代词宜用that .1. That's a good book that will help you a lot.2. My home village is no longer the place ( that ) it used to be .定语从句中宜用which而不宜用that 的情况:①当关系代词的前面有介词时.1.A zoo is a park in which many kinds of animals are kept for exhibition.2.Is this the room in which Mr. White lives?②在非限制性定语从句中.1.Crusoe's dog， which was are now very old， became ill and died .2.More and more people are beginning to learn English，which is becoming very popular in our country. (which指代主句)③在一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词用了that，另一个宜用which .1. Let me show you the novel，that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.2. At the station I bought some magazines that might help me to pass the time on the train and which I could pass on to others when I finished them.④当关系代词后面带有插入语时.1. Here's the English grammar which， as I have told you，will help improve your English.⑤先行词本身是that，宜用which .What's that which she is looking at?⑥先行词是those+复数名词.A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best. 定语从句that和which的区别21. 当先行词为all，much，little，none及由any，every，some， no所构成的复合不定代词时。

定语从句中which和that的区别只能用that的情况：<1>关系代词在定语从句中作表语，不管是人或物只能用that。

He is not the man that he was when I first saw him.【他现在不是我第一次见他时那样的。

】<2>当先行词即指物又指人时，多用that引导定语从句。

Look at the girl and the dog that are crossing the street【瞧正在过马路的那个女孩和那只狗。

】<3>当先行词是有生命的动物或人时，宜使用that而不是which。

1.What's the name of the animals that jumps about?【四处蹦跳的动物叫什么名字？】2.Who is the girl that talked to you yesterday? 【昨天和你说话的女孩儿是谁？】<4>当先行词被形容词的最高级修饰时引导定语从句的关系代词只能用that，而不能用which。

This is the most interesting book that I've ever read.【这是我所读过的最有趣的书。

】<5>当先行词被all,something,anything,nothing,everything,little, much,the one,none修饰时，引导定语从句多用关系代词that。

1.The goverment has promised to do all thatlies in its power to alleviate the hardships of people.【政府承诺尽其一切力量减轻人民的苦难。

】2.When we see anything that happen on theisland, we're so glad.【当我们看到岛上发生的事情，我们都如此兴奋。

浅谈that和which在定语从句中的特殊用法在定语从句中，that和which都可指代事物，一般可以互换使用，但并非在任何情况下都是这样。

现在就它们的特殊用法分别谈一谈。

㈠只用that,不用which⒈当先行词为all,little,much,few,none,some,something,anything,nothing,everything,theone等代词时⑴We should do all that is useful to the people.我们应该做一切有益于人民的事情。

⑵We haven’t got much that we can offer you.能够向你提供的东西，我们没有许多。

⑶I mean the one that was bought yesterday.我指的是昨天买的那个。

⑷Nothing that he talked about can be seen now.他所谈及的任何事现在都已不复存在了。

⑸She has got many books and wants to lend a few that are of great value to me.她有许多书，并想借几本很有价值的书让我读一读。

⒉先行词前有only,any,few,little,no,all,some,one of,much,every,very,last,same,right等修饰语时⑴The only thing that we could do was to ask the police station for help.我们唯一能够做的事是向派出所请求援助。

⑵You can take any seat that is free.任何空着的座位你都可以坐。

⑶There is little time that we can spare.我们没有什么时间可以抽出来。

⑷This is one of the presents that my friends gave me on my birthday.这是我生日那天朋友们给我的礼物之一。

在英语中，"that"和"which"都是关系代词，经常用来引导宾语从句。

然而它们在使用中存在一些区别。

1. 在限制性定语从句里，如果先行词是物，"which"和"that"的用法基本上是一样的。

作为宾语时，二者都可以省略，而作主语则保留。

2. 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或者本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，通常只能使用"that"，而不能使用"which"。

3. "that"无词义，不充当句子成分，可省略。

但在某些情况下，如主句的谓语动词连接多个宾语从句时，第一个"that"可以省略，而其他的"that"不能省略。

此外，当"that"引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，"that"也不能省略。

4. 在非限制性定语从句里，通常只能用"which"，不能用"that"。

5. "which"在句中通常译为“哪个/辆...”，并充当从句中的某种成分，例如作为定语或宾语。

定语从句关系代词that 和which 的用法与区别that 和which在定语从句中都是做关系代词，指代先行词是事物的名词或代词（that还可以指代人，which 不可以）。

通常情况下二者可以互换。

区别：关系代词用that（不用which）的情况：1. 先行词是all, anything, everything, nothing等,关系代词应用thatThat's all that he told me.2.先行词前有the only, the same, the very 或no, little, much, any, every, all 等修饰时,关系代词应用thatShe is the only person that I know in this company.3. 先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,关系代词常用thatThe first thing that I want to do is to take it away.4. 当先行词同时含有"人"或"物"时,关系代词应用that5. 在固定结构the same...that...; so...that...; such...that...以及it is/was...that...的强调句型中,要用thatThis is the same park that we once visited.6. 如主句以there be开头时,关系代词应用thatThere is a room that has two windows.关系代词用which（不用that）的情况：1. 非限制性定语从句中关系代词一般要用whichShe won the competition, which made the whole family very happy.2. 关系代词前如有介词,关系代词须用 which; 如把介词移至句末,可用that(或省略)There’s only one problem about which they disagree.This is the key (that) she was looking for.3. 如果先行词是that,关系代词应用 whichI know that which you told me.4. 如先行词和定语从句之间被其它较长的成分分隔,常用whichLarry told her the story of the young airman which I narrated at the beginning of this book. (先行词为story)5. 在"those+复数形式的名词"结构中,其后的关系代词多用whichA shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best.6. 一个句子中如有两个定语从句,第一个定语从句用了关系代词that,第二个从句中的关系代词宜用which;但在平行结构中,应重复同一个关系代词This is the book that you bought which you have lost.。

考点剖析在英语中，关系代词which 与that 均可以引导定语从句，两者有时可以互换，但在某些情况下则不能互换。

对此，笔者剖析了定语从句中关系代词which 与that 的用法，以期能够帮助同学们牢固掌握，避免错用。

一、只用which 的情形(1)在限制性定语从句中，当先行词是those ，that 等，且指物时，其后的关系代词只能使用which ，而不能用that 。

如：①A mall should keep a stock of those goods which sell best.商场应备有畅销商品的存货。

②She admired those which looked beautiful.她欣赏那些看起来很美的东西。

③What is that which is in the basket?篮子里的那个是什么？（2）当关系代词前面出现介词时，且指物时，那么关系代词只能用which 引导，而不能用that 。

如：①That is the house in which Luxun used to live.那是鲁迅过去常住的房子。

②This is the bike by which I used to go to school.这就是我上学时经常骑的自行车。

③The speed with which it is catching up is breathtaking.中国奋起直追的速度是令人惊叹的。

（3）当句子中含有两个定语从句，若一个用关系代词that 引导时，另一个则不能再用that ，而是用关系代词which 。

如：①This is the umbrella that you bor-rowed which you have lost.这就是你借的那把已丢失的雨伞。

②He bought a lot of books that could enrich his knowledge and which could help to kill the time.他买了许多书，这些书可以丰富他的知识，帮助他消磨时间。

定语从句引导词that和which的用法that 和which 属于关系代词起连接先行词和定语从句之用.that引导人和物,而which则指引导物.具体如下：定语从句:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子在复合句中充当定语,所以叫作定语从句.先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词.关系词：引导定语从句的词,分为关系代词（who,whom,that,which,whose）和关系副词(where,when,why,).复合句：The man who (that) came is Mike.先行词关系代词Li Ming is the one that got full marks in our class.先行词关系代词上句的黑体字为复合句中的主句,蓝体字为定语从句.一定语从句的关系代词Which的用法:若先行词指物则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语.This is the pen which was given by my friend.先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语This is the pen which my friend gave to me.先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语二定语从句的关系代词Who的用法:若先行词指人则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语(如果前面带介词则必须用whom)The man who is wearing a white suit is my brother.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语The man who\whom he wanted to see last week is in Shanghai.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语She is the girl with whom I went there.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾且介词于前.三定语从句的关系代词Whom的用法:若先行词指人则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语(包括介词的宾语) ,与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whomThis is the teacher whom\who we like best.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语She is the girl whom\ who I went with there.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾.I do n’t like the boy to whom you are talking.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾且介词于前.四定语从句的关系代词that的用法:若先行词指人或物则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语The animal that \which is lost is a panda.先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语She is the person that \who we are worried about.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语注意1 that \which在代物时常常可以通用,但有时只宜于用which ,不用that(1) 关系代词前有介词时.This is the hotel in which you will stay.(2) 如有两个定语从句,其中一句的关系代词是that,另一句宜于用which.Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the liberary which was newly open (新开放) to us.注意2that \which在代物时常常可以通用,但有时只宜于用that ,不用which.(1) 先行词是形容词最高级或者它的前面有形容词最高级时This is the best that has been used against air pollution(反对空气污染) in cities.English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years.(2) 先行词是序数词,或它的前面有一个序数词时He is the last person that I want to see.(3) 主句中已有疑问词时Which is the bike that you lost?(4) 先行词既有人又有物时The bike and its rider that had run over (撞倒了)an old man were taken to the police station. (5) 先行词是all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one等代词时You should hand in all that you have.We haven’t got much that we can offer you.I mean the one that you talked about just now.(6) 先行词前面有only,any,few,little,no,all,one of,the same,the very等词修饰时The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.Li Ming is the only one that got full marks (满分)in our class.Li Ming is one of the students that want to be teachers in our class.(7) 有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词已用which,另外一个宜用thatEdison built up a factory(办了一个工厂) which produced things that had never been seen before. 定语从句的关系副词Where的用法:若先行词指地点且其在定语从句中充当地点状语.This is the house+I was born in the house.(=I was born there)介词短语副词=This is the house where I was born.这就是我在那儿出生的房子.先行词关系副词in which I was born.介词+关系代词which I was born in.关系代词这里作介宾的which和that可以省略that I was born in关系代词.。

that和which的用法区别顺口溜定语从句只用that口诀：先行不定代，the very/only/first，有高、序，some、all、much、few；指物人，有了which/who。

扩展资料定语从句只用that情况1.当先行词为anything，everything，nothing等不定代词时，只能使用“that”。

2.当先行词为all，any，much，many词时，只能使用“that”。

3.当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时，只能使用“that”。

4.当先行词是序数词修饰时，只能使用“that”。

5.先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last修饰时，只能使用“that”。

6.先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能使用“that”。

7.当主句是以who，which开头的.特殊疑问句或先行词是who时，只能使用“that”。

关系代词指代某物事时，只用that不用which的情况1.当先行词是everything，anything，nothing（something除外,用which或者that均可），all，none，few，little，some等不定代词时，或当先行词受every，any，all，some，no，little，few，much等词修饰时。

2.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。

3.先行词被thevery，theonly，heright，thefirst，thelast等修饰时4.先行词前有thesame修饰时如果表示和先行词是同一物时用thesame…that…ThisisthesamepursethatIlostyesterday.这就是我昨天丢的那个钱夹。

如果表示与先行词同一类或相似的某物，则用thesame…as…ThisisthesamepurseasIlostyesterday.这个钱夹和我昨天丢的那个一样。

5.先行词是并列结构，既有人又有物时6.先行词为数词时Lookatthebooksonthebookshelf.Youcanseethetwothatyoub oughtmeformybirthday.7.避免重复原则，当先行词前面有who，which等疑问代词时。