英美概况期末练习题1

I.Explain the following terms:1.the British Isles2.Poets’ Corner3.EU4.the Conservative Party5.the Seven Year’s War6.WASPs7.“roaring 20s”8.melting pot9.British Empire10.system of US politicI.Translate the following into Chinese:1.Westminster Abby2.the Church of Englandmonwealth4.Mr. Speaker5.Judicial System6.the Great Charter7.the House of Plantagenet8.Puritans9.monopoly capitalism10.the first Pan-American ConferencceII.Multi-choices:1.The longest river in Britain is the _____ River. (Severn, Thames, Mersey, Humber)2.The leading anthracite coalfields in Britain are in__ (Scotland, England, Wales, )3.The English people are descendants of____ (Celts, Roman, Anglo-Saxons)4.The established church of Britain is___ (the Church of England, Free churches, )5.Easter is kept, commemorating the __ (coming, birth, death, resurrection) of Jesus Christ.6.In Britain, government cannot spend any money without the permission of___.(the Queen, the Prime Minister, the House of Commons, the House of Lords)7.All the government ministers of Britain must be members of_____.(the House of Lords, the House of Common, the Privy Council, Parliament)8.___ is the largest state of the US in area.(Hawii, Texas, Alaska, Pennsylvania)9.The dominant ethnic group in the US today is_____.(the black people, WASPs, Asian Americans, Hispanics)10.People in the US have kept moving westward for reasons except___.(religious freedom, fertile soil in the West, good climate in the west, discovery gold) 11.The Constitution of the United State was framed in ___in 1787.(Washington, Boston, New York, Philadelphia)12.The President of the US exercises the ____ power.(legislative, executive, judicial, veto)13.Congress can veto the President’s veto by a ___ vote of the full membership ofBoth houses.(two-fifths, two-thirds, three-fourths, three-fifths)14.The Constitution of US says that only___ can declare war upon other nation.(the President, Congress, Department of Defense, the National Security Council)15.In which year did Japan attack Pearl Harbor?(1939,1940,1941,1942)16.The British Empire reached the peak of its colonial expansion after____.( Anglo-Boer War, the First Opium War, World War I, World War II)17.The American Industrial Revolution began in 1807 with its___ industry.( shipbuilding, coal mining, textile, machine-making)18.In the late half of the 19th century, __ was the main objective of the US overseas expansion. (India, China, Vietnam, the Philippines)19.The Spanish-American War strengthened the in___.(the Far East, Americas, Europe, Africa)20.The US imperialism was marked by all the following except____.(highly developed industry, high concentration of capital, overseas territorial expansion, Free business competition)III.Fill in the blanks:1.Britain is separated from the European continent by ____,_____,_____.2.Britain has a_____, maritime climate.3.The English people tend to be _______ characteristic.4.The present Sovereign is Queen______, daughter of George VI was crowned in 1953.5.The British government is constitutional ______.6.The earliest setters on the British Islands were___ and ____.7.The Great Charter aimed at restricting the power of the ____.8.The British Empire began with the founding of______ in 1583, and fell after the __Of the World War II.9.Most of Americans ____ origin.10.Since 1790, the US population center gravity has kept moving___.11.Most of the Black people in the US speak____,but the Hispanics speak___.12.In the US, _____ outnumber other religions groups.13.The Constitution of the US follows two principles: the____ system and the__ powers.14.River__ (Hudson,wrence Colorado, Missouri) flows through New York city.15.In order to grab Cuba, the US went into war with___ in 1898. As a result of the war, SpainCeded Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam and the Philippines to the US.IV.Answer these questions:1.Why English is a global Language?2.How did the United State involved into the World War I?3.Tell some American Mountains and Rivers.4.Why American is immigrant country?5.Why is Britain called a “welfare state”?。

英美概况题英国部分Exercises of Chapter OneI. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D, choose the best oneto complete the statement.1. The national flag of the United Kingdom, known as the Union Jack, is made up of _____ crosses.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four2. Which flower is the symbol of England/Scotland/Wales/Northern Ireland?A. ThistleB. ShamrockC. DaffodilD. Rose3. The highest mountain peak in Britain is in ________.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland4. The largest lake in Britain is ______.A. Loch LomondB. the Lough NeaghC. WindermereD. Ullswater5. The largest lake in Britain is located in ________.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland6. The Lake District is well-known for________.A. its wild and beautiful sceneryB. its varied lakesC. the lake PoetsD. all of the above three7. The British Isles are made up of______.A. two large islands and hundreds of small onesB. two large islands and Northern IrelandC. three large islands and hundreds of small onesD. three large islands and Northern Ireland8. Which is the largest city in Scotland?A. CardiffB. EdinburghC. GlasgowD. Manchester9. There are ______ political divisions on the island of Great Britain.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four10. Among the four political divisions of Britain, __________ is the most densely populated.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland11. The capital of Scotland is __________.A. BelfastB. CardiffC. EdinburghD. Dublin12. Britain’s climate is influenced by ______that sweeps up from the equator and flowspast the British Isles.A. the Atlantic Gulf StreamB. the Brazil CurrentC. the Labrador CurrentD. the Falkland currentII. Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is Tru e or False.1. To the west of Great Britain is the second largest island known as Scotland.2. There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain. They are England，Scotland and Wales.3. The Pennines are known as the “Backbone of England”.4. London, the capital of the UK, is situated on the Severn Rive r near its mouth.5. The official name of UK is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.6. The longest river in Britain is River Thames.7. On the island of Great Britain, there are four political divisions—England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland.8. God Save the Queen is a national anthem used only in Britain.9. The highest point of the Pennines is Cross Fell which is 893meters high.10. The largest lake in England is Lake Windermere which is located in the Lake District.III. Fill in the blanks1.The capital of the Scotland is ___________, the capital of Wales is ________ , the capital of theRepublic of Ireland is __________ and the capital of Northern Ireland is _____________.1. Edinburgh, Cardiff, Dublin, Belfast2. The highest peak of Britain is __________. It is located in the Highlands of Scotland.3. _________ is the largest and most populous of the three political divisions on the island of Great Britain.4. Britain is separated from the European continent by the North Sea, __________________ and ______________________. 4. the Strait of Dover, the English Channel5. _______________ is the longest river in Britain.6. The “Backbone of England” refers to the __________________.7. ______________ is the second longest and most important river in Britain.8. _________________ is the largest lake in Britain which is located in Northern Ireland.9. The climate of Britain is moderated by the ________________________ and is much milder than that of many places in the same latitude.10. The British national anthem is ____________________.11. The British Isles are made up of two large islands- _____________ and ___________, and hundreds of small ones.12. The three political divisions on the island of Great Britain are _________, ________, and _______.IV. Directions: Give a brief answer to each of the following questions.1. What is the general climate in Britain?2. What is the most important river in Britain?3. What is the longest river in Britain?4. What does “UK ” stand for?5. What is UK made up of?Exercises of Chapter TwoI. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the best oneto complete the statement.1. The English people are descendants of ________.A. CeltsB. RomansC. Anglo-SaxonsD. Danes2. Middle English took shape about a century after the ________ Conquest.A. RomanB. Anglo-SaxonC. Norman D Danish3. The Romans led by Julius Caesar launched their first invasion on Britain in _______.A. 200B.C. B. 55 B.C. C. 55 A.D. D. 410 A. D.4. The Hundred Years’ War started in _________.A. 1733B. 1453C. 1337D. 13575. The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitation of the powers of _______, keeping them within the bounds of the feudal law of the land.A. the Archbishop of CanterburyB. the baronsC. the churchD. the king6. The earliest settlers on the British Isles were the ________.A. CeltsB. GaelsC. IberiansD. Brythons7. The British recorded history begins with ________.A. the arrival and settlement of CeltsB. the Norman ConquestC. Roman invasionD. Viking and Danish invasions8. The English Civil War is also called ______.A. the Puritan RevolutionB. the second Magna CartaC. the Long ParliamentD. the Anglican War9. In 43 A.D. Romans under ________ conquered Britain.A. Julius CaesarB. ClaudiusC. AugustineD. the Pope10. The Wars of Roses were fought between the House of __________ and theHouse of __________.A. Lanchester, YorkB. Lanchester, KentC. Lancaster, KentD. Lancaster, York11. Doomsday Book was in fact a reco rd of each man’s ________.A. experienceB. behaviorC. propertyD. reputation12. The British Industrial Revolution first began in the________ industry.A. iron and steelB. textileC. coal-miningD. ship-building13. Who invaded and conquered Britain for the first time in55 BC____?A. Emperor ClaudiusB. Julius CaesarC. King AlfredD. King Ethelred14. Christmas Day ______, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.A. 1056B. 1066C. 1006D. 1060II. Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False.1. It was the Angles who gave their name to England and the English people.2. The Wars of the Roses affected the ordinary people very much.3. William Walworth launched the Peasant Revolt of 1381 in England.4. In the English Civil War, the Puritans were not the King's opponents.5. The Anglo-Saxon Conquest was important in English history because it laid the foundation on which the English nation was to be formed.6. The Great Charter was signed in 1215 by King John.7. The Chartist Movement finally succeeded and it constituted a glorious page in the history of the worker s’ struggle for liberation.8. Henry VII was responsible for the founding of the Church of England.9. The Hundred Yea r’s War refers to the intermittent war between France and England that lasted from 1337 to 1453.III. Fill in the blanks1. The England Civil War not only overthrew __________ in England, but also undermined the feudal rule in Europe.2. During the First Civil War, those who stood on the side of the king were called ________ and those who supported the Parliament were called ______ because of their short haircuts.3. The Romans brought the new religion, _______ , to Britain.4. The battle of _______ witnessed the death of Harold in October, 1066.5. After the Industial Revolution, Britain became the “________” of the world.IV. Explain the following terms in English.1. Black Death2. Industrial Revolution3. the Wars of Roses4. Norman Conquest of 1066:5. Roman invasion of BritainV. Write between 100 ~ 150 words on the following topics1. How did the “Glorious Revolution” break out? What w as the significance of it?2. The Civil Wars and their consequencesExercises of Chapter ThreeI. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the best oneto complete the statement.1. By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed ______ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom.A. Prime MinisterB. Member of ParliamentC. Lord of AppealD. Speaker of the House2. The British Prime Minister is appointed by __________ and he or she always sits in _______.A. the Queen, the House of CommonsB. the Speaker, the House of LordsC. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of CommonsD. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of Lords3. All the government ministers of Britain must be members of ________.A. the House of LordsB. the House of CommonsC. the Privy CouncilD. Parliament.4. The party that has the majority of seats in ________ will form the government.A. the House of CommonsB. the House of LordsC. the Privy CouncilD. the Cabinet5. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in the ________.A. the House of LordsB. the House of CommonsC. the Privy CouncilD. the Shadow Cabinet6. The predecessor of the English parliament is ________.A. the Great councilB. the WitanC. the House of PlantagenetD. Magna Carta7. The House of Commons consists of ________ Members of Parliament.A. 651B. 1,200C. 1,198D. 7638. The Tories were the forerunners of _______ , which still bearsthe nickname today.A. the Labour PartyB. the Liberal PartyC. the Social Democratic PartyD. the Conservative Party9. Which group of people can NOT vote in the general election in Great Britain?A. members in the house of CommonsB. Lords in the House of LordsC. the UK citizens above the age of 18D. the UK resident citizens of the Irish Republic10. The party which wins the second largest numbers of seats at the House ofcommons is called __________.A. the frontbenchersB. the backbenchersC. the shadow cabinetD. the Opposition11. In Britain, government cannot spend any money without the permission of ________.A. the QueenB. the Prime MinisterC.the House of CommonsD. the House of Lords12. Which document, for the first time in English history, forced King to take the advice of nobles?A. the Petition of Right of 1628B. Habeas Corpus ActC. Magna CartaD. the Bill of Rights of 168913. Elizabeth II succeeded to the throne in ______.A. 1951B. 1952C. 1953D. 195414. Among the following members the first one to succeed to the throne is _____________.A. the king’s brotherB. the catholic sonC. the protestant daughterD. the protestant son15. The monarch’s eldest daughter is usually called ___________.A. princess of WalesB. princess royalC. princess daughterD. female prince of Wales16. Most of the practical work of the government is done by __________.A. the prime ministerB. the cabinet ministersC. the heads of departmentsD. the civil servants17. A civil servant must be ______.A. a member of the Party in powerB. a member of parliamentC. active in politicsD. politically neutral18. The High Court of Justice includes the following divisions except the ___.A. the Queen’s BenchB. the Chancellor DivisionC. the Family DivisionD. the Criminal Division19. The House of Lords is preside by __________.A. the Lord ChancellorB. the QueenC. the Archbishop of CanterburyD. the Prime MinisterII. Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False.1. Members of Parliament (MPs) are those who inherit the noble titles.2. The system of the parliamentary government of the U.K. is based on a written constitution.3. The House of Lords is now made up of two kinds of Lords: the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal.4. In Britain, changes of Government do not involve changes in departmental staff, who continue to carry out their duties whichever party is in power.5. The Queen formally appoints all government office holders except the Prime Minister.6. Prime Minister is the leader of the British government.7. The title of the life peer is hereditary.III. Fill in the blanks1. The Whigs were the forerunners of the ________ Party while the Tories were the forerunners of the ________ party of England.2. The three major political parties in the UK are __________________, ____________________ and __________________.3. The present sovereign of Britain is Queen ________, andPrince ________ is the heir to the throne.4. The presiding officer of the House of Commons is “ ________.”5. The person who presides over the debate of the Upper House is known as_______.6. British Parliament consists of the Sovereign, the House of _____ and the House of ______.7. The United Kingdom is a __________ monarchy, in which the ________ is the head of state and the __________ is the head of government.8. Britain is divided into ______ constituencies. Each of the constituencies returns _____ member to the House of Commons.A general Election must be held every _____ years and is often held at more frequent intervals.9. The party which wins the second largest number of seats becomes the official ___________, with its own leader and “___________ cabinet”.IV. Explain the following terms in English.1. constitutional monarchy2. the OppositionV. Directions: Give a brief answer to each of the following questions.1. What are the two major political parties in Britain?2. What is the role of the Monarchy in the British government?3. What are the main functions of Parliament?Exercises of Chapter FiveI. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the best oneto complete the statement.1. In Britain compulsory education presently ends at______________.A. 14B. 16C. 17D. 182. Which one is not considered as the most famous boarding private schools in Britain?A. Eton CollegeB. Harrow SchoolC. Woodland Junior SchoolD. Rugby School3. Only those p upils with the highest marks in the “eleven plus” examination can go to _____ schools.A. grammarB. independentC. comprehensiveD. Public4. If a student wants to go to university in Britain，he will take the examination called_____________.A. General Certificate of Education—AdvancedB. General Certificate of Secondary EducationC. the common entrance examinationD. General National V ocational Qualifications.5. In Britain, the great majority of parents send their children to _________.A. private schoolsB. independent schoolsC. state schools.D. public schools6. Buckingham University is a(n) _____ university which wasestablished in 1973.A. independentB. openC. oldD. stateII. Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False.1. Education in Britain is compulsory for children aged from 5 to 16.2. Like all British universities, Buckingham University is also partially funded by central government grants.3. Boarding private schools, such as Eton College, Harrow School are open to all in Britain and a large percentage of population can attend the schools.4. Of all the English university Oxford and Cambridge are the most prestigious5. Grammar schools emphasize academic studies and teacha wide range of subjects.III. Fill in the blanks1. The examination all students in England and Wales should take at the end of their compulsory education is ___________________________.2. In the United Kingdom, education is compulsory for all between the ages of ______ and ________.3. The academic degrees in America are the Bachelor’s degree, the __________ and the Doctor’s degree.Exercises of Chapter SixI. Match the following works with their authors.a. Canterbury Talesb. Paradise Lostc. Robinson Crusoed. Hamlete. Pride and Prejudice1. Jane Austin2. Shakespeare3. Geoffrey Chaucer4. John Milton5. Daniel DefoeII. True or false?1.John Donne is regarded as a metaphysical poet in the 17thC.2.Francis Bacon was a famous dramatist in the Renaissance period.3.Romantic poets in Britain celebrate the beauty of nature, value powerful feelings / emotions ofeach individual, and regard imagination as the source of literary creation.4.Charles Dickens is considered the greatest novelist in the Victorian period.5.Jane Eyre is a novel written by Thomas HardyIII. Fill in the blanks.1. The novel Tess of the D’Urbervi lles is written by2. The publication of Lyrical Ballads marked the beginning of in British literature.3. The writing technique shared by James Joyce and Virginia Woolf is termed as4. Sons and Lovers by D.H. Lawrence is read by some critics as an illustration of , which suggests that boys have a suppressed desire to marry their mothers.5. The k eynote of Renaissance literature is , ie, “Man is themeasure of everything.”6. Two of the most important literary writers of the late 17th Century England were _____ and _____. Both were Puritans.IV. Define the term “symbolism” with reference to the novel Lord of the Flies by William Golding.Exercises of Chapter SevenI. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the best oneto complete the statement.1. What is the most popular type of home in England?A. A semi-detached houseB. A detached houseC. A flatD. A terraced house2. Three “Don’ts” include the following except _____.A. jumping up the queueB. asking a woman her ageC. bargaining while shoppingD. laughing at one’s own faults3. Three “ings” include the following ex cept _____.A. bettingB. drinkingC. tippingD. bargaining4. The three royal traditions are the following except _____.A. playing the fluteB. the changing of the Queen’s guardC. making a parliamentary speech by QueenD. watching the horse racingII. Fill in the blanks1. In terms of marriage no child can marry below the age of _____.2. The nickname for Britain is __________.3. In Britian, if someone says “I want to wash my hands”, what he/she really means is that he/she is going to a ______________.4. It is said that British people are ____________, which means they don’t like small talk.5. British people are usually considered ____________, because are inclined to be suspicious of anything that is strange or foreign.Exercises of Chapter EightI. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the best oneto complete the statement.1. Where is the international tennis championship held?A. Wembley.B. Wimbledon.C. St AndrewsD. Clapham.2. Easter is kept, commemorating the ________of Jesus Christ.A. comingB. birthC. deathD. resurrection3. Which one of the following features is NOT related to quality newspapers?A. providing gossips about film stars, politicians, etc.B. long informative articlesC. wide range of topicsD. objective presentation, less sensational language4. The established church of Britain is ________.A. The Church of ScotlandB. Free churchesC. The United Reformed ChurchD. The Church of England5. Christianity has three main groups except __________.A. the Roman CatholicB. the Eastern Orthodox ChurchC. the Protestant ChurchD. Buddhism6. British newspapers possess the following features except _____.A. freedom of speechB. fast deliveryC. monoplied by one of the five large organizationD. no difficulty for independent newspapers to survive7. The earliest newspaper in Britain is _____.A. Daily MailB. Daily TelegraphsC. The TimesD. Guardian8. The Economist, New Statesman, Spectator are _____.A. journalsB. daily newspapersC. local papersD. Sunday newspapers9. The Church of England is also called _____.A. the Anglican ChurchB. the CongregationalC. the Salvation ArmyD. PuritanismII. Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False.1. The national church in Scotland is also the Church of England.III. Fill in the blanks1. In England, People usually ______ when first introduced.2. There are two established church in Britain: ____________ and _____________.3. The three world religions are Buddhism, Islam and ________.4. ______ is the doctrine of Christianity.。

英美概况习题及答案[1]英国概况1.The Capital of Wales is _____.A SwanseaB CardiffC RhondaD Belfast2.There are two major national parties in Britain: the Conservative party and _____.A the Liberal PartyB the Democratic PartyC the Labour PartyD the Republican Party5. In 1653 _____ was made Lord Protector for life.A. Oliver CromwellB. Charles IC. William II11. Norman Conquest began in _____.A. 1016B. 1066C. 103516. Charles I was beheaded in _____.A. 1649B. 1648C. 165322. The Industrial Revolution laid a good foundation for the _____.A. factory of the worldB. expansion of marketsC. social upheaval25. The Great Charter was signed by _____ in 1215.A. King Henry IIB. King RichardC. King John26. In the early 14th century feudalism began to _____ inEngland.A. growB. flourishC. declineD. end30. The Anglo-French hostility which began in 1337 and ended in 1453 was known as _____.A. the Wars of RosesB. the Hundred Years’ WarC. Peasant Uprising31. In the first half of 17th century _____ grow rapidly in England.A. feudalismB. capitalismC. Catholicism41. In 1689 the ―Bill of Rights‖ was passed. _____ began in England.A. The Constitutional MonarchyB. All Estates ParliamentC. House of Lancaster53. The Seven Years War between England and France lasted from _____ to _____.A. 1756, 1763B. 1713, 1720C. 1754, 1761C. G. B. Shaw & H. G. Wells1.B2.C 5A 11. B 16 A. 17 A 21. A 22. A 25 C 26.C 30B 31.B 41. A 53.A10. In 1086 William had his official to make a general survey of the land, known as _____ Book.11. The most famous scholar during Anglo-Saxon Times was _____.12. The Battle of _____ paved the way for the Norman Conquest to England.13. The Norman Conquest increased the process of _____ which had begun during the Anglo-Saxon Times.14. Duke William was known in history as William the _____.15. Along with the Normans came the _____ language.18. The _____ _____ in 1688 was in nature a coup d’etat.25. By the treaty of _____ in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the US.26. In _____ Britain launched the Opium War against China.32. The nature of the Wars of the Roses was a _____ _____ war.33. By the beginning of the Tudor reign the manor system was replaced by the _____ system.34. In the summer of 1588 the Spanish ships, the _____ _____ was defeated by English ships.38. During the Civil Wars (1642 –1648) the supporters of Parliament were called _____ while the supporters of the King Charles I were called _____.39. In 1653 Cromwell was made _____ _____ for life and started his military dictatorship openly.1.II. Iberians Romans 43 A.D John Milton Anglo-Saxon Alfred William Lackland Magna Carta Domesday Bede Hastings feudalism Conqueror French Great Council Church Glorious Revolution 6 Nanjing Russia Watt Tyler’s2. Lancasterians, Yorkists 15th Paris 1840 Chartered international, national Bloody rebirth humanists feudal civil money Invincible Armada Thomas More, Utopia 16th Stuart Roundheads, Cavaliers Lord Protector Paris T ory, Whig universal suffrage Spinning Jenny splendid isolationSettlement Commonwealth Poland 18th James Watt Spinning Mule Power Loom Industrial Revolution Manchester Act of Supremacy Italy world, 4 Paris Peace Conference Locarno Treaty Germany Winston Churchill cabinetPolitical System1. The British Monarchy is _____.A. electiveB. democraticC. hereditary2. The Constitutional Monarchy started at the end of the _____ century.A. 17thB. 16thC. 15th3. The _____ is used as a symbol of the whole nation and is described as the representative of the people.A. Prime MinisterB. CrownC. Parliament4. The oldest part of British Parliament is _____.A. the House of CommonsB. the House of LordsC. the CharmerD. the Shadow Cabinet5. The decision making organ in British Parliament is_____.A. the CrownB. the CabinetC. Shadow Cabinet7. The House of Commons consists of _____ members who are elected from the _____ electoral districts.A. 651, 651B. 535, 535C. 635, 63510. The _____ _____ is the supreme administrative institution.A. British governmentB. British ParliamentC. OppositionD. Privy Council11. The _____ is the core of leadership of the British government.A. CabinetB. Privy CouncilC. Crown15. The president (or head) of the House of Lords in Britain is _____.A. Lord ChancellorB. SpeakerC. Prime minister16. _____ was formed by the trade unions, cooperatives,the Social Democratic Federation, the Independent LabourParty and the Fabian Society in 1900.A. The Conservative PartyB. The Labour PartyC. The Liberal Party.17. It is the _____ who organizes the Cabinet and presides over its meetings.A. Prime MinisterB. Lord PresidentC. Speaker28. During the Civil War, the supporters of the King and the Church were known as _____. A. Roundheads B. Loyalists C. the Whigs1-5CABBB 6-10CAABA 11.A 15.A 16.B 17.A 28.BI. Fill in the Blanks23. The two major parties in Britain are the _____ Party and the _____ Party.24. During the Civil War, the non-Puritan Anglicans whosupported the king and church were known as Cavaliers or _____, the Puritans who supported Parliament were known as Roundheads or _____ _____.25. In 1833 the T ory changed its name to the _____, and in 1860s the _____ became liberals.1. Queen Elizabeth II 1952 Prime Minister Crown Crown, Lords, Commons Parliament Queen 13th Commons finance Upper Westminster Palace 1911, 1949 constituencies President of the Chamber Government, Opposition Privy Council No. 10 Downing Street executive, clerical parishes chairman borough, city Conservative, Liberal loyalists, Parliament Men Conservative, Whig grants 5 18 Returning Officer 651 Lords Criminal jury 15, 12 Court, Bar Home Secretary Scotland YardGeography12. London is situated on the River of _____.A. ParretB. ThamesC. Spey13. Edinburgh is the capital of _____.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. Wales33. The contribution made by the Normans to Britain isthe following except _____.A. final unification of EnglandB. foundation of aristocracyC. great administrative progressD. some peculiarities of dialect36. The highest mountain in England is _____.A. Mt. MourneB. Mt. SnowdonC. Mt. Seafell14. The climate of Britain is moderated by the _____ _____ _____ and is much milder than that of many places in the same latitude.15. Britain’s Industrial Revolution took place between _____ and _____.DCBAA CAAAB ABBBB ABABD ACACB CBBCD BADAA CBABA CBDNorthwestern Great Britain, Northern Ireland Scottish, Welsh England London Northern Ireland 1921 Ben Nevis Pennines North Sea Thames London Northern Ireland Atlantic Gulf Stream 1750, 1850 1694 57 manufacture Irish Welsh English dark Scots, Irish Welsh Inner, 20 Edinburgh God Save the QueenNorth West Clyde England Thames Cardiff coal15. The English Civil War is also called _____A. the Glorious RevolutionB. the Bloody RevolutionC. the Catholic RevolutionD. the Puritan Revolution16. In _____, a small group of Puritans sailed from _____ in the Mayflower to be the first settlers in the New Land.A. 1620, LondonB. 1620, PlymouthC. 1720, LondonD. 1720, Plymouth17. In the 18th century, there appeared ____ in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines.A. the Industrial RevolutionB. the Bourgeois RevolutionC. the Wars of the RosesD. the Religious Reformation14. C 15. D 16. B 17. A1．Choose the best answer for each of the questionbelow．4．Christianity was brought to Britain__________．A．directly by the Roman priests B．directly by traders and soldiers C．directly by the Pope D．indirectly by trader and soldiers 12．The Doomsday Book was completed in__________．A．1083 B．1084 C．1085 D．108616．King John was forced to put his seal to Magna Carter__________．A．on July 9,1215 B．June 19.1215 C．June 14,1381 D．July 15,131817．The spirit of Magna Carter was__________.A．A limitation of the powers of the king B．the foundation of English libertiesC．a limitation of the powers of the barons D．an expansion of the powers of tie king22．William，Duke of Normandy, fought King Harold of England at the Battle of Hastings inA．1065 B．1066 C．1067 D．106860. Parliament has the following functions except______.A. making lawB. authorizing taxation and public expenditureC. declaring war and making peaceD. examining the actions of the Government65. The Universities of Oxford and Cambridge date from the______centuries.A.l2th and 13thB. 13th and 14thC. 14th and 15thD. 15th and 16th1A 4 D 9.B 12 D 15 C 16. B 17.A 22. B 36. C 41. A 60. C 65 . A42. All the following universities and colleges are located in New England, except _____.A. YaleB. HarvardC. OxfordD. Massachusetts Institute of T echnology43. The nation’s capital city Washington D.C. and New York are located in _____.A. the American WestB. the Great PlainsC.the Midwest D. the Middle Atlantic States44. The Midwest in America’s most important _____ area.A. agriculturalB. industrialC. manufacturingD. mining industry51. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by _____.A. James MadisonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Alexander HamiltonD. George Washington52. On July 4, 1776, _____ adopted the Declaration of Independence.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Third Continental CongressD. the Constitutional Convention42. C 43. D 44. A 51. B 52. B 55. B 58. C 60. DII. Fill in the blanks:11. James I and his son Charles I both believed firmly in ______.12. During the Civil War, the Cavaliers supported________, while the Roundheads supported _______. 13. After the Civil War, Oliver Cromwell declared England a ______, later, he became _________.33. Education after 16 in the UK is divided into _____ and ______.34. The most-known universities in Britain are _____ and _____ which date from the _____ and _____ centuries.11. the Divine Right of Kings 12. the king, the Parliament 13.Commonwealth, Lord Protector 33. further education, high education34. Oxford, Cambridge, 12th, 13th美国概况1 The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except _____.A George WashingtonB Thomas JeffersonC William PennD Benjamin Franklin2 The New Deal was started by _____.A Franklin RooseveltB J.K. KennedyC GeorgeWashington D Thomas Jefferson3 The United States was rated _____ in the world in terms of land areas.A secondB thirdC fourthD fifth5 The Bill of Rights consists of _____.A 10 very short paragraphs in an amendmentB 10 amendments adopted in 1787C 10 amendments added to the Constitution in 1791D the amendments concerning the freedom of speech, the freedom of the press and the freedom of religion10 The seats in the Senate are allocated to different states_____.A according to their populationB according to their sizeC according to their tax paid to federal governmentD equally1 C, 华盛顿、杰弗逊和弗兰克林都是美国创建时的元老功勋、而William Penn 是美国宾州的创始人。

英美概况英国期末考试复习资料I国家概述1,The Union Jackred cross: Englandwhite saltire: Scotlandred saltire: Northern Ireland2,This is the Welsh flag (Welsh Dragon). It is not represented in the UK Flag becauseWales was ruled directly from London.(before the 1st version of UK flag, Wales had already been conquered and considered to be part of England) 3,Motto of the UKGod and my right. (English)天有上帝,我有权利。

II climate1,Does Britain have a favorable climate？Why？Because a maritime type of climate—winters are mild, not too cold and summers are cool, not too hot;It has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole year;It has a small range of temperature & lack of extremes.2,What are the factors which influence the climate in Britain？The surrounding waters balance the seasonal differences;Britain is mainly influenced by the prevailing south-west winds across theAtlantic, which bring warm and wet air in winter and keep the temperature moderate;The North Atlantic Drift passes the western coast of the British Isles and warms them.III History of BritainEarly Settlers (5000BC-55BC)1, How about their civilization? (What did they bring with them?)a) The art of pottery makingb) The ability to fashion (ornament with patterns) bronzetoolsc) The custom of individual buriald) The hill forts (堡垒) and small fortified towns (筑堡城镇).The Maiden Castle is one of the finest examples.2, What was their religion?Druidism（德鲁伊德教），the Druids—the wise men,astrologers, soothsayersIV Transition to Modern Age (1455-1688)1,What happened during the 17th century?During the 17th century Puritanism became a political movement: the parliamentarians who fought Charles I and took power under Cromwell were Puritans, and the struggle between the king and parliament is also known as the Puritan Revolution. 2,What else were the Puritans called?After the Restoration of 1660 the Puritans left the Church, and from then on were known as Dissenters or Nonconformists. 3．The consequences of the Civil Wars(1) the English Civil Wars not only overthrew feudal system in England but also shook the foundation of feudal rule in Europe.(2) It is generally regarded as the beginning of modern world history.(3) The English Civil War is also called the Puritan Revolution, as the King’s opponents were mainly Puritan.4,How did the “Glorious Revolution”break out?A. James II’s revival of Catholicism in Englanda. When Charles II died, his brother succeeded, becoming James II.b. James, who was brought up in exile in Europe, was aCatholic.c. He hoped to rule without giving up his personal religious views.B. Intolerance of Catholic and dethrone of the Kinga. But England was no more tolerant of a Catholic as king in 1688 than 40 years ago.b. So the English politicians rejected James II, and appealed to a Protestant king.C. Co-monarchsa. William of Orange（奥兰治王室）, James’s Dutch nephew and husband of Mary, James’s daughter, was invited to invade and take the English throne.b. William and Mary were invited for joint rule, and they jointly accepted the Bill of Rights.D. the takeover with no bloodshed, nor any execution of the King, therefore became known as the Glorious Revolution. 5,The Bill of Rights 《权⼒法案》In 1689, William and Mary accepted the Bill of Rights to be crowned jointly.(1) The bill excluded any Roman Catholic from the succession(2) confirmed the principle of parliamentary supremacy(3) and guaranteed free speech within both the two Houses.(4) Thus the age of constitutional monarchy began.V.Judiciary(Headed by Lord Chancellor)VI Economy1,Economic declinetwo World Wars—great economic lossthe era of the British Empire was over—decolonization (losses of raw material & market)military expense (until the process of decolonization completed in the 1960s)2,Current British Economythe world's fifth largest economy(after US, Japan, Germany and China)The UK's people are the world's twelfth richest Sterling—performed relatively well against major currencies in recent years 五，福利六，宗教1，Who is the founder of Christianity?Jesus Christ, who was crucified around A.D. 30 in Jerusalem, is the founder of Christianity.2，Who is Jesus Christ?Jesus Christ is the Son of God. He came to earth to teachabout love and fellowship. He represents the person that all Christians must strive to be.Jesus was a Jew who was born about 2000 years ago in Bethlehem(1.伯利恒(耶路撒泠南⽅六英⾥⼀市镇,耶稣诞⽣地)). Jesus lived for 33 years before being crucified by the Romans. 3,What other names is Jesus known by?Son of GodLight of the WorldLamb of GodThe Good Shepherd.4,What do Christians believe?Christians believe that Jesus Christ was the Son of God and that:God sent his Son to earth to save humanity from the consequences of its sinsJesus was fully human, and experienced this world in the same way as other human beings of his timeJesus was tortured and gave his life on the Cross (At the Crucifixion)Jesus rose from the dead on the third day after his Crucifixion (the Resurrection)Christians believe that Jesus was the Messiah promised in theOld TestamentChristians believe that there is only one God, but that this one God consists of 3 "persons"七，教育，假期1，Christmas→the biggest and the most popular British holiday celebrated on December 25th.→to commemorate the birth of Jesus Christ.→People usually decorate homes with evergreen plants, Christmas trees and ornaments.→They exchange gifts and Christmas cards.⼋，⽣活1，Holidays and Festivals in Britainthe Christmas 'pantomimeBoxing Dayto hear the Queen give her Christmas message九，政治1，What's the role of the Queen or King?The head of everything but ruler of nothing.head of the statean integral part of the legislaturehead of the executivehead of the judiciarythe commander-in-chief of all armed forces of the Crownthe ‘supreme Governor’of the Church of England.2，The importance of the monarchy:Is found in its effect on public attitudeIs used to represent the continuity and adaptability of the whole political systemIs used as a symbol of the unity of the whole country, an acceptable bound among the peoples who retain many regional and cultural differences.People are convinced that the Queen has no bias towards any nation and exists to help preserve the people's rights, the right to personal property and the right not to be imprisoned without a trial.It is primarily to symbolize the tradition and unity of the British state.3 .What's your idea about UK keeping the monarch?A.Theoretically, the King or Queen is the source of all government powers. He/She is the head of the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary, the commander-in-chief of all armed forces.B,In reality, the King or Queen does everything on the advice of the Prime Minister, and his/her role is symbolic, ceremonial, and not political.C,The monarch is the personal embodiment of the British government and a symbol of British unity, representing the continuity of the whole political system. So the stability of the D,British government owes much to the monarchy.E,The monarch can meet the PM on weekly basis at Buckingham Palace, give the Royal Assent to any new law that has been passed by Parliament, act as a final check on a government that is becoming dictatorial.F，As a figurehead to represent the country, the monarch can perform the following ceremonial duties:paying state visits to Commonwealthcountries as head of state and non-Commonwealth countries on behalf of theBritish government, etc.⼗，议会1，What are the main functions of Parliament?to pass lawsto provide, by voting for taxation, the means of carrying on the work of governmentto scrutinise government policy and administration, including proposals for expenditureto debate the major issues of the day2，the House of Lords: the upper house上议院the Lords Spiritual (the senior bishops of the Church of England 神职议员)the Lords Temporal (members of the Peerage ⾮神职议员)the members are not elected by the population at large but are appointed by past or current governments.3，the House of Commons: the lower house下议院a democratically elected chamber with elections held at least every 5 yearsMPs comes from 646 constituencies of roughly equal population.4,What Goes on in the House of Commons?Many hours are spent debating issues of national and international importance.Most often a motion is proposed by one or two of theGovernment’s front benchers and then the same number of persons from the Opposition front benches oppose it.The Speaker decides who is allowed to speak and he/she must ensure that each side is given equal opportunity and time to speak.After the debate the MPs vote for or against the motion. MPs vote by going into ‘lobbies’, one for ‘yes’and one for ‘no’votes where they are counted.After the votes are counted the results are announced in the chamber.⼗⼀政体1，2，The Political Parties(1) the Conservative party(2) the Labour party(3) the Liberal Democrats3，The Prime Ministeris appointed by the Queen.is the leader of his party in the House of Commonsis the head of governmenthas the right to select his cabinet, hand out departmental positions, decide the agenda for cabinet meetings which he also chairs.can dismiss ministers if this is requiredkeeps the Queen informed of government decisionshe exercises wide powers of appointments in the civil service, church and judiciary .4,What is the Cabinet?The collective decision-making (executive) body, composed of the Prime Minister and the most senior of the government ministersThe most senior members of the Cabinet are:PM, Deputy PM, Foreign Secretary, Chancellor of the Exchequer and Home Secretary. All Cabinet members are serving MP's or peers.Oppositions have a ‘Shadow Cabinet’.。

《英美概况》试题（附答案）《英美概况》I. Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices:1. The highest mountain in Britain is ____.A. ScafellB. Ben NevisC. the CotswoldsD. the Forth2. The longest river in Britain is _____.A. the ClydeB. the MerseyC. the SevernD. the Thames3. The largest lake in Britain is _____.A. the Lough NeageB. Windermere WaterC. Coniston WaterD. the Lake District4. Which part of Britain is always fighting?A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northem Ireland5. The immigrants coming to Britain are mainly from _____.A. EuropeB. the United StatesC. AfricaD. the West Indies,6. The first inhabitants in Britain were _____.A. the NormansB. the CeltsC. the IberiansD. the Anglo-Saxons7. British Recorded history began with _____.A.Roman invasionB. the Norman ConquestC. the Viking and Danish invasionD. the Anglo-Saxons invasion8. In 829, _____ actually became the overlord of all the English.A. JohnB. James IC. EgbertD. Henry I9. Christmas Day ____, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.A. 1056B. 1066C. 1006D. 106010. Henry II was the first king of the _____ dynasty.A. WindsorB. TudorC. MalcolmD. Plantagenet11. In 1265 ____ summoned the Great Council, which has been seen as the earliest parliament.A. Henry IIIB. the PopeC. BaronsD. Simon de Montfort12. The Hundred Years’ war sta rted in ____ and ended in ____, in which the English had lost all the territories of France except the French port of ____.A. 1337, 1453, FlandersB. 1337, 1453, CalaisC. 1346, 1453, ArgencourtD. 1346, 1453, Brest13. The Wars of Roses lasted for _____ years and king _____ was replaced by king _____.A.30, Richard III, Henry TudorB. 50, Richard III, Henry TudorB. C. 30, Richard I, Henry Tudor D. 50, Richard I, Henry Tudor14. The Renaissance began in ____ in the early ____ century.A. England, 14B. England, 15C. Italy, 14D. Italy, 1515. The English Civil War is also called _____.A. the Glorious RevolutionB. the Bloody RevolutionC. the Catholic RevolutionD. the Puritan Revolution16. In _____, a small group of Puritans sailed from _____ in the Mayflower to be the first settlers in the North America.A. 1620, LondonB. 1620, PlymouthC. 1720, LondonD. 1720, Plymouth17. In the 18th century, there appeared ____ in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines.A. the Industrial RevolutionB. the Bourgeois RevolutionC. the Wars of the RosesD. the Religious Reformation18. English colonial expansion began with the colonization of _____ in 1583.A. CanadaB. AustraliaC. IndiaD. Newfoundland19. _____ was famous for his abdication because of his marriage with a divorced American:A. Edward VIIIB. Edward VIIC. George VID. George VII20. In January _____ Britain became a member of the European Economic Community.A. 1957B. 1967C. 1973D. 197921. soon after _____, Britain not only gave up its econmic hegemony but also suffered a deep loss of its position of industrial leadership.A. 1900B. the First World WarC. the Second World WarD. 196022. In the 1970s among the developed countries, Britain maintained the lowest _____ rate and the highest _____ rate.A. inflation, growthB. growth, inflationC. growth, divorceD. growth, birth23. The following are all reasons of British decline of coal industry except _____.A.the exhaustion of old minesB. costly extractionB. C. little money being invested D. the labour shortage24. Britain’s foreign trade is mainly with _____.A. developing countriesB. other Commonwealth countriesC. other developed countriesD. EC25. The House of Lords is presided over by _____.A. the Lord ChancellorB. the QueenC. the Archbishop of CanterburyD. the Prime Minister26. A General Election is held every _____ years and there are _____ members of Parliaments are elected.A. five, 600B. five, 650C. five, 651D. four, 65127. The Prime Minister is appointed by _____ and he or she always sits in _____.A. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of CommonsB. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of LordsC. the Queen, the House of CommonsD. the Queen, the House of Lords28. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in _____.A. the QueenB. the CabinetC. the House of LordsD. the House of Commons29. The sources of British law include _____.A. statutes, common law, equity law and European Community lawB. statutes, common law and equity lawC. statutes, common law and European Community lawD. a complete code and statutes30. In criminal trials by jury, _____ passes sentenced and _____ decide the issue of guilt or innocence.A. the judge, the juryB. the judge, the judgeC. the jury, the juryD. the Lord Chancellor, the jury31. ____ tries the most serious offences such as murder and robbery.A. Magistrates’ courtsB. Youth courtsC. district courtsD. The Crown Court32. London’s Metropolitan Police Force is under the control of _____.A. the England secretariesB. the Scottish SecretariesC. Northern Ireland SecretariesD. the Home Secretary33. The National Health Service was established in the UK in _____ and based at first on _____.A. 1948, Acts of ParliamentB. 1958, Acts of ParliamentC. 1948, the Bill of RightsD. 1958, the Bill of Rights34. The non-contributory social security benefits include the following except _____.A. war pensionB. child benefitC. family creditD. unemployment benefit35. Except that _____ may not be a Roman Catholic, public offices are open without distinction to members of all churchs or of none.A. the lord ChancellorB. the Prime MinisterC. the SpeakerD. the ministers of all departments36. About 90 per cent of the state secondary school population in the UK attend _____.A. independent schoolsB. junior schoolsC. independent schoolsD. primary schools37. There are some ____ universities, including the Open University.B. 290C. 90D. 5038. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can _____ by law.A. receive completely free educationB. receive parly free educationC. receive no free education if their families are richD. receive no free education at all39. With regard to its size, the USA is the _____ country in the world.A. largestB. second largestC. third largestD. fourth largest40. In the following rivers, _____ has been called the American Ruhr.A. the MississippiB. the MissouriC. the HudsonD. the Ohio41. Among the following rivers, _____ forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the U.S.A. the PotomacB. the ColumbiaC. the Rio Grande RiverD. the Colorado42. All the following universities and colleges are located in New England, except _____.B. HarvardC. OxfordD. Massachusetts Institute of Technology43. The nation’s capital city Washington D.C. and New York ar e located in _____.A. the American WestB. the Great PlainsC. the MidwestD. the Middle Atlantic States44. The Midwest in America’s most important _____ area.A. agriculturalB. industrialC. manufacturingD. mining in dustry45. In the case of Brown versus Board of Education, the Supreme Court ruled that _____.A. separate educational facilities had been illegalB. educational facilities had been separate but equalC. educational facilities had been equalD. separate educational facilities were inherently unequal46. The Chinese Exclusion Act was passed in _____.A. 1882B. 1883C. 1900D. 192447. The first immigrants in American history came from ____ and ____.A. Ireland/FranceB. England/ChinaC. Scotland/EnglandD. England/Netherland48. Uncle Tom’s Cabin and Roots are two novels which givea vivid description of the miserable life of the _____.A. early settlersB. PuritansC. native IndiansD. black slaves49. According to American historians and specialists in demography, there are _____ great population movement in the history of the United States.A. twoB. threeC. fourD. five50. Many early Chinese immigrants worked in the mining industry, especially in the _____.A. gold minesB. silver minesC. coal minesD. copper mines51. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by _____.A. James MadisonB. Thomes JeffersonC. Alexander HamiltonD. George Washington52. On July 4, 1776, _____ adopted the Declaration of Independerce.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Third Continental CongressD. the Constitutional Convention53. The victory of _____ was the turning point of the War of Independence.A. SaratogaB. GettysburgC. TrentonD. Yorktown54. Ten amendments introduced by James Madison in 1789 were added to the Constitution. They are knows as _____.A. the Articles of ConfederationB. the Bill of RightC. the Civil RightsD. Federalist Papers55. President Jefferson bought _____ from France and doubled the country’s territ ory.A. New MexicoB. the Louisiana TerritoryC. KansasD. Ohio56. The Declaration of Independence came from the theory of British philosopher _____.A. Paul RevereB. John LockeC. CornwallisD. Frederick Douglass57. During the WWII, the Axis powers were mainly made up by __.A. Germany, France and JapanB. France, Japan and BritainC. Germany, Italy and BritainD. German, Italy and Japan。

《英美概况（一）》练习题一一、1. Fill in the blanks in the following sentences by referring to the text.1)The literature career of Bronte sisters has close relationship with one of the geographic features inYorkshire County, where they were born and raised, which is _______.2)The river ________ in UK has been an important trade and transport route since prehistoric times.3)The overall climate in England is called temperate ________.4)The Anglo-Saxons spoke a language that we now call______.5)Following the Wars of the Roses was the rule of the House of the_________.6)On July 7th, 1937, Japan began an all-out attack on _____.7)On December 7th, 1941, Japan's planes from carriers at sea made a swift and sudden raid on the UnitedStates' naval base at ________.8)Britain, under the leadership of _______, defeated Germany's attempt to destroy its air force and airdefenses in the Battle of Britain and escaped invasion.9)Margaret Thatcher gained her reputation as “the ________ lady” for her tight control of Britain'smonetary policy.10) The British Parliament is often referred to as ________--- the body that makes or unmakes laws.11)The Church of England today is all-inclusive, having the ability to be both Protestant and ________.12)Buddhism was originated in ______ about 500 B.C.13)Overseas commodity trade alone accounts for about _________ of the country's national income.14)There are three academic degrees in Britain: the_______, Master's degree and Doctor's degree.15)The best-known scientific achievement in the nineteenth century was Charles Robert Darwin'sdevelopment of a theory of ____ .2. Decide whether the following statements are True or False.1)Among the three regions of UK, Scotland is the largest in size.2)For ninety-six years after the nominal conquest by Julius Caesar, Britain was left in peace and freedom.3)The Chartists advocated violence.4)There was no advertising on any BBC program, either sound or television.5) It can be said that the Thatcher Era is the longest ministry of last century in UK.6)The life of Parliament in UK is fixed at five years.7) A lot of people in UK regularly attend church. （三-9 五-19）8)The British economy was the first to have been fully industrialized. （四-19。

英美概况复习题1答案
1. 英国的首都是哪里？
答案：伦敦。

2. 美国的独立日是每年的哪一天？
答案：7月4日。

3. 英国的官方语言是什么？
答案：英语。

4. 美国的货币单位是什么？
答案：美元。

5. 英国的国花是什么？
答案：玫瑰。

6. 美国的国土面积在世界上排名第几？
答案：第四。

7. 英国的国王或女王的正式称呼是什么？
答案：君主。

8. 美国的宪法有多少条修正案？
答案：27条。

9. 英国最大的城市是哪一个？
答案：伦敦。

答案：玫瑰。

11. 英国的议会由哪两院组成？
答案：上议院和下议院。

12. 美国的总统任期是多久？
答案：四年。

13. 英国的国歌名是什么？
答案：《天佑女王》。

14. 美国的人口在世界上排名第几？答案：第三。

15. 英国的国旗由哪几种颜色组成？答案：蓝色、白色和红色。

16. 美国的首都是哪个城市？
答案：华盛顿特区。

17. 英国的国教是什么？
答案：英国国教。

18. 美国的官方语言是什么？
答案：英语。

19. 英国的君主制是哪种类型？
答案：立宪君主制。

答案：《星条旗》。

邯郸学院2018级函授本科《英美概况》试题姓名学号成绩年级专业（本试卷满分100分，考试时间110分钟）一、选择题（每小题2分，共20分）1. The hugest mountain peak in Britain is called _____.A. Ben Nevis.B. Cross FellC. SnowdownD. Scafell2. In _____, a small group of Puritans sailed from _____ in the Mayflower to be the first settlers in the North America.A. 1620, LondonB. 1620, PlymouthC. 1720, LondonD. 1720, Plymouth3. In the 18th century, there appeared ____ in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines.A. the Industrial RevolutionB. the Bourgeois Revolution4. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can _____ by law.A. receive completely free educationB. receive partly free educationC. receive no free education if their families are richD. receive no free education at all5. The Midwest in America’s most important _____ area.A. agriculturalB. industrialC. manufacturingD. mining industry6. The US Federal Government is composed of the following except _____.A. the legislativeB. the standing committeeC. the judicialD. the executive7. Of all the symbols, _______ , which are considered to represent fertility and new life: are those most frequently associated with Easter.A. the pumpkin and the turkeyB. the lamb and the beefC. the spring peas and the potatoesD. the egg and the rabbit8. The dominant ethnic group in the US is ____.A. the BlacksB. W ASPsC. Asian AmericansD. Hispanics9. The American Industrial Revolution began in 1807 with its ____ industry.A. shipbuildingB. coal-miningC. textileD. machine-making.10. The US imperialism was marked all of the following except ____.A. high developed industryB. high concentration of the capitalC. free business enterpriseD. overseas territorial expansion二、判断题（每小题1分，共10分）____ 1. The longest river in Britain is the Severn river.____ 2. The general election in America is held every 5 years.____ 3. With regard to its size, the USA is the fourth largest country in the world.____ 4. The House of Lord is the upper house of the British Parliament.____ 5. The established church of Britain is the Church of England.____ 6. Today about 90% of Americans are church members in the United States.____ 7. The American War of Independence started in 1775 and ended in 1783.____ 8. British Recorded history began with Roman invasion.____ 9. Under Mrs. Thatcher, British economy in 1980s gradually declined.____ 10. The colonial life can be described as easy.三、填空题（每空2分，共30分）1. Britain is separated from the European Continent by the North ______, the Strait of _________ and the English _________.2. Most of the British social customs are based on the __________ tradition.3. The Hundred Years’ War was between ___________ and ____________.4. __________ is the capital of England and of Great Britain, the political center of the Commonwealth.5. Renaissance was a ___________ movement that arose with the rise of the ____________.6. The United States of America is made up of ________states.7. The period of colonization covered the years from _________to_________, that is, from the first settlement of English colonists to the ____________of America.8. The distinctive feature of the American educational system is its “emphasis on education of the __________rather than on education of the ___________.”四、名词解释（每小题5分，共20分）1.Independent schools2.William the Conqueror3.Checks and balances4.the Bill of Rights五、问答题（每小题10分，共20分）1. What is a constitutional monarchy?2. What are the functions of Parliament?。

一. 单项选择题 Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question four suggested answers A，B，C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question：（20 points ） 1. Franklin Roosevelt’s program for the depression was called .a. Progressivismb. laissez fairec. New Freedomd. New Deal 2. The United States did not join the Second World War directly until in December，1941.a. Great Depressionb. Pearl Harbor incidentc. the Japanese attack on Chinad. the German attack on Poland 3. From 1649 to 1658 England was called a Commonwealth. It was ruled first by Oliver Cromwell as .a. Lord Protectorb. Lieutenant Generalc. Commander of the New Model Armyd. President 4. Ireland is in the of Great Britain.a. eastb. south C. west d. north 5. WASPs referred to .a. the mainstream Americansb. Hispanicsc. Asian-Americansd. Blacks 6. Lincoln's Emancipation proclamation and the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution formally ended . a. the immigration movement b. the Civil War c. the slave system d. the industrialization 7. About a hundred years ago，as a result of imperialist expansion，Britain ruled one fourth of the world people and of the world’s land area.a. one thirdb. one fifthc. one fourthd. tow fifths 8. The Celt’s religion was .a. Teutonic religionb. Christianityc. Druidismd. Buddhism 9. The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitation of the powers of ，keeping them within the bounds of the feudal law of the land.a. the Archbishop of Canterburyb. the baronsc. the churchd. the king 10. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in the .a. the House of Lordsb. the House of Commonsc. the Privy Councild. the Shadow Cabinet 11. The English Renaissance was largely .a. religiousb. ideologicalc. philosophicald. literary 12. In the Industrial Revolution，changes occurred earliest and quickest in .a. hardwareb. textilec. potteryd. chemicals 13. The Romans led by Julius Caesar launched their first invasion on Britain ina. 200B. C.b. 55 B. C.c. 55 A. D.d. 410 A. D. 14. The Hundred Years’ War started in .a. 1733b. 1453c. 1337d. 1357 15. Civil Rights Movement happened in .a. the 1960sb. the 1950sc. the 1940sd. the 1930s 16. The open declaration of the containment policy was made by on March 12，1949 in a speech to the joint session of Congress.a. President Rooseveltb. President Kennedyc. General Marshalld. President Truman 17. The House of Commons consists of Members of Parliament.a. 651b. 1，200c. 1，198d. 763 18. About half of the Britain’s trade is with .a. the United Statesb. South-east Asiac. the ECd. the Latin America 19. The British recorded history begins with .a. the arrival and settlement of Celtsb. the Norman Conquestc. Roman invasiond. Viking and Danish invasions 20. At the beginning of the First World War，the United States pursued a policy of .a. containmentb. neutralityc. pro-Germany partialityd. pro-Ally partiality 二.是非题 Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False：（20 points ） （） 1. The Bill of Rights is the term for the first twelve amendments to the Constitution. （） 2. The stock market crash in 1929 was the beginning of a long economic depression in the U. S. （） 3. George Washington was the first president of the United States. （） 4. The system of the parliamentary government of the U.K. is based on a written constitution. （） 5. Benjamin Franklin alone drafted the Declaration of Independence，and on July 4，1776，the Congress adopted the declaration. （） 6. Britain was the first country to start the Industrial Revolution which contributed to the establishment of the British Empire. （）7. The word English means “the language that belongs to the Angles.” （）8. The Pennines are known as the “Backbone of England”. （）9. The largest lake in Britain is the Lough Neagh Lake in Wales which covers an area of 397 square kilometers. （）10. Both the First Continental Congress and the Second Continental Congress were held in Boston. （）11. The American Constitution founded feudalism and introduced checks and balances. （）12. The national church in Scotland is also the Church of England. （）13.Of all the English university Oxford and Cambridge are the most prestigious （）14. The House of Lords is now made up of two kinds of Lords：the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal. （）15. William，Duke of Normandy，founded a strong fleet which first beat the Danes at sea and he became known as “Father of the British Navy.” （）16. Anglo-Saxons in Britain are believed to be ancestors of the Highland Scots，the Irish and the Welsh people. （）17. After Margaret Thatcher was elected Britain’s first ever woman prime minister in 1979，she adopted a new program to cure the “British disease”. （）18. America Vespucci proved that the land discovered by Columbus was not Indian，but a new continent. As a result，the new continent was named after him and became known as America. （）19. Declaration of Independence was formally adopted by the Continental Congress on July 14，1776，a day which has been celebrated each year as Independence Day of the United States. （）20. When the news of American victory at Yorktown reached London，the Parliament voted to end the War and peace negotiation began in 1782. 三. 名词解释 Explain the following terms in English：（20 points） 1. The New Deal 2. counterculture movement 3. checks and balances 4. Constitutional monarchy 5. Emancipation Proclamation 四. 简答题 Give an one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. （10 points ） 1. What is the longest river in Britain？ 2. How long did the Wars of the Roses go on？ 3. When did American Civil War break out？ 4. What were the mainstream Americans called？ 5. What does American Congress consist of？ 五.论述题 Write between 100-150 words on the following topic：（10 points ） Cold WarKey to Model 2 一. 1~5dbaca 6~10 cccdb 11~15 dbbca 16~20daccb 二. 1~5 FTTFF 6~10 TTTFF 11~15 FFTTT 16~20 FTTFT 三. 1. It refers to a series of measures taken by Franklin Roosevelt in 1932 to prevent the possible collapse of the American economic and political system. 2. It was a movement of revolt in the 1960s against the moral values，the aesthetic standards，the personal behavior. and the social relations of conventional society. 3. Each of the three branches of the government——the legislative，the executive and the judicial——has part of the powers but not all the power. Each branch can check，or block，the actions of the other branches. The three branches are thus in balance. This is called “checks and balances”. 4. A constitutional monarchy is a county in which head of the state is a king or a queen. In practice，the Sovereign reigns，but does not rule. In English history，constitutional monarchy was established after Glorious Revolution in 1688. 5. On September 22，1862 during American Civil War，Lincoln issued the famous document Emancipation Proclamation which would become effective on January 1，1863. it provided that all the black slaves in the rebelling states were freed and they were welcome to join the armed forces of the Union. 四. 1. The longest river in Britain is Severn river. 2. The War of the Roses went on for 30 years. 3. American Civil War began in 1861. 4. The mainstream Americans are called WASPs. 5. American Congress consists of Senate and House of Representatives. 五. Some historians say that the world entered Cold War immediately after the Second World War ended. The conflicts arose basically from the separate concepts of postwar world order. The United States，relying on its large economic and military strength，tried to play the role of world police under the pretext of fighting against the Soviet expansion. The Soviet Union put forward the theory that there could be nolong-term peaceful coexistence between socialism and capitalism and the Soviet Union should rapidly build up its strength for the final struggle against capitalism，represented by the United States and Britain. Cold War was characterized by international tension and conflicts without bloody “hot war” between the Soviet Union and the United States. Cold War did not end until after the collapse of Berlin Wall in 1989.。

Test Paper of An Introduction to English-speaking CountriesTest AI. Multiple Choice (20%)1. The highest mountain peak in Britain is called ________.[A] Ben Nevis [B] Cross Fell[C] Snowdon [D] Scafell2. The Lake District is well-known for________.[A] its wild and beautiful scenery [B] its varied lakes[C] the lake Poets [D] all of the above three3. Which of the following is NOT the feature of British climate?[A] Coldness. [B] More rainy days.[C] Changeability . [D] More fogs.4. The established church of Britain is ________.[A] The Church of Scotland [B] Free churches[C] The United Reformed Church [D] The Church of England5. Easter is kept, commemorating the ________of Jesus Christ.[A] coming [B] birth[C] death [D] resurrection6. Under Mrs. Thatcher, British economy in 1980s gradually ________.[A] declined [B] recessed[C] recovered [D] went down7. Tertiary industry does NOT include ________.[A] retailing [B] insurance[C] electronics [D] banking8. In Britain, government cannot spend any money without the permission of ________.[A] the Queen [B] the Prime Minister[C] the House of Commons [D] the House of Lords9. ________ is seen as the party of the “middle”, occupying the ideological gr ound between thetwo main parties.[A] The Conservative [B] The Labour[C] The Liberal Democratic [D] The Tory10. The general election in Britain is held every ________ years.[A] 3 [B] 4[C] 5 [D] 611. The earliest settlers on the British Isles were the ________.[A] Celts [B] Gaels[C] Iberians [D] Brythons12. In 43 A.D. Romans under ________ conquered Britain.[A] Julius Caesar [B] Claudius[C] Augustine [D] the Pope13. ________ launched the Hundred Years’ War.[A] Edward I [B] Edward II[C] Edward III [D] Henry III14. Black Death to some extent brought ________ to villains.[A] higher wages [B] greater freedom[C] better life [D] both A and B15. The British Industrial Revolution first began in the________ industry.[A] iron and steel [B] textile[C] coal-mining [D] ship-building16. The term “Rotten Boroughs” means ________.[A] boroughs that were rotten. [B] dirty boroughs[C] boroughs in which there were no inhabitants. [D] constituencies that were represented inthe House of Commons though there was not an inhabitant in it.17. The failure of the Chartist Movement was caused by the following reasons except________.[A] divided leadership [B] a strong party with socialism as its programme[C] influence of Utopian and petty-bourgeois ideologies [D] immaturity of the workingclass18. The author of “Wealth of Nations” is ________.[A] Adam Smith [B] David Ricardo[C] Thomas Malthus [D] Robert Owen19. Which is NOT the member country of the Triple Alliance？[A] Germany [B] France[C] Austria-Hungary [D] Italy20. Which was NOT the member country of the Triple Entente?[A] Britain. [B] France.[C] Russia. [D] Italy.II. Blank filling (10%)1. The present sovereign of Britain is Queen ________, and Prince ________ is the heir to thethrone.2. Theoretically, the Queen has all the power, but in reality, she must act on the advice of the________.3. Parliament is the supreme ________ authority in Britain.4. Parliament consists of the ________, the House of ________ and the House of ________.5. The presiding officer of the House of Commons is “ ________.”6. The British government is composed of the ________ Minister and other ministers, who areresponsible to the queen.7. The Cabinet is composed of the most ________ ministers who meet regularly under the call ofthe Prime Minister.III. True or false statement (10%)1. Kangaroo, emu and koala are unique animals of New Zealand.2. Queen Elizabeth II is the head of New Zealand.3. Australia is divided into six states and two territories.4. Queen Elizabeth II is the Queen of Australia. The Queen is represented by the Prime Ministerat federal level.5. The Commonwealth Parliament of Australia comprise the Queen, the Senate, and the House ofRepresentatives.6. The Queen is represented in the parliament of Australia by the Governor-General, who byconvention acts on the advice of the queen.7. From March 2005 to August 2006, New Zealand is the only country in the world in which allthe highest offices in the land have been occupied simultaneously by women.8. National anthem of Australia is “God Defend Australia”, while that of New Zealand is“Advance New Zealand Fair.”9. The political system of New Zealand is based upon a constitutional republic with aparliamentary democracy10. Parliament of New Zealand is made up of only one house.IV. Matching (10%)Column A Column B1. Liverpool a. the steel manufacturing center of Britain2. Hull b. the former center of textile industry of Britain3. Sheffield c. the fishing port in Humberside4. Manchester d. the largest city in Britain5. Glasgow e. the second largest city in Britain6. London f. the district of Merseyside7. Birmingham g. the largest city in Scotland8. Belfast h. the capital of Wales9. Edinburgh i. The capital of Northern Ireland10. Cardiff j. the capital of ScotlandV. Translation (10%)1. Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy2. APEC3. Common Market4. Crown Court5. Doomsday Book6. EU7. High Court of Justice 8. Roman Conquest9. stagflation 10. tertiary industriesVI. Term explanation (10%)1. the Cabinet2. Glorious RevolutionVII. Questions for discussion (30%)1. What were the consequences of the British Industrial Revolution?2. What’s your idea about the necessity for the UK to keep the monarchy (the queen or the king)?Answer Sheet (答题纸)班级_________ 学号_________ 姓名_________I. Multiple choice1. _____2. _____3. _____4. _____5. _____6. _____7. _____8. _____9. _____ 10. _____11. _____ 12. _____ 13. _____ 14. _____ 15. _____16. _____ 17. _____ 18. _____ 19. _____ 20. _____II. Blanking filling1. __________2. __________3. __________4. __________5. __________6. __________7. __________III. True or false statements1. _____2. _____3. _____4. _____5. _____6. _____7. _____8. _____9. _____ 10. _____IV. Matching1. _____2. _____3. _____4. _____5. _____6. _____7. _____8. _____9. _____ 10. _____V. Translation1. ______________________________2. ______________________________3. ______________________________4. ______________________________5. ______________________________6. ______________________________7. ______________________________8. ______________________________9. ______________________________ 10. ______________________________ VI. Term explanation1. the Cabinet2. Glorious RevolutionVII. Questions for discussion1. What were the consequences of the British Industrial Revolution?2. What’s your idea about the necessity for the UK to keep the monarchy (the queen or the king)?。