英美概况练习题

美国概况练习题：1 ．_____is the largest city and the chief port of the United States.A ．Washington D.CB ．Los Angeles C．San Francisco D ．New York City 2．_____ enjoys the worst social and economic conditions.A．Blacks B ．Hispanics C．Indians D．Asian Americans3 ．Washington D.C. is named after___________.A．the U.S. President George Washington B ．Christopher ColumbusC ．both George Washington and Christopher ColumbusD ．none of them4 ．American and British English are two_____ of the English language.A．varieties B．elements C．parts D．form5．The first American president to be elected from the Republican Party was______.A ．Thomas Jefferson B．James Monroe C．James Madison D ．Abraham Lincoln6 ．Of the fifty states, the smallest state in area is_____.A．Rhode Island B ．Virginia C．Texas D ．Montana7．The national flag of the United States is known as_____.A．the Star-Spangled Banner B ．Uncle Sam C ．Hot Dog D ．Union Jack 8．The number of the Representatives from each American state depends on the _____.A ．contribution a state has made to the nation B．Population C．sizeD．none of the above9 ．The tern “Father of Waters” is used to refer to _____.A．the Amazon River B．the Mississippi River C．the Nile River D．the Hudson River 10 The statue of liberty was given to American people by_____ as a gift in 1884.A．France B．Spain C ．Italy D ．Britain练习题答案及题解:1 ．D, 纽约是美国最大的城市同时也是最重要的经济中心和最主要的港口。

英美概况试题I. Multiple Choice1. The history of the U.S. is generally agreed to have begun in_____. A. 1620 B. 1607 C. 17762. The following states are among the first thirteen colonies except _____. A. Maryland B. South Carolina C. Delaware D. Colorado3. _____ was the first man who sailed around the earth.A. John CabotB. MagellanC. BalboaD. Cartier4. The colonial life can be described as the following except _____.A. simpleB. easyC. roughD. hard5. The Stamp Act was passed in _____ and was repealed in _____.A. 1765, 1766B. 1764, 1765C. 1763, 17646. The First Continental Congress was held in _____ in September, 1774. A. Philadelphia B. Boston C. New York7. The American War of Independence started in _____ and ended in_____. A. 1776, 1784 B. 1775, 1783 C. 1706, 17148. Washington won the great victory on December 26, 1776 in _____. A. Gettysburg B. Pittsburgh C. Trenton9. The battle of _____ marked the turning point of the War of Independence. A. New York B. Saratoga C. Bunker Hill10. On October 19th, 1781, the British General Cornwallis and his7,000 men surrendered at _____.A. YorktownB. BostonC. Charleston11. The Constitutional Convention was held in 1787 to revise _____.A. The Articles of the ConfederationB. Bill of RightsC. Civil Rights12. The first ten amendments, known as _____, were added to the Constitution in 1791. A. the Bill of Rights B. the Articles C. Civil Rights13. After the Federal Government was established, the city _____ was chosen as the capital for the time being.A. WashingtonB. New YorkC. Philadelphia14. The pamphlet “Common Sense” was written by _____.A. Thomas EdisonB. Thomas PaineC. Thomas Jefferson15. The Second President John Adams adopted a high-handed policy which was called _____. A. the “Intolerable Acts” B. Un-American ActivitiesC. the Sedition Act16. The greatest contribution made by President Thomas Jefferson was his _____. A. abolishing the Sedition Act B. reducing taxesC. purchasing Louisiana from France17. The Second Anti-English War broke out in _____ and ended in_____. The U.S. won the war. A. 1812, 1814 B. 1813, 1815 C. 1814, 181618. As the result of the U.S.-Mexican War, nearly _____ of theentire territory of Mexico was lost.A. 1/4B. 1/2C. 1/319. In 1844 the U.S. forced the Chinese Government to sign the first unequal treaty of _____.A. WangxiaB. NanjingC. Tianjin20. The Articles of Confederation was accepted by all the _____ states in _____. A. 50, 1781 B. 13, 1781 C. 13, 178721. _____ was chosen as the capital for the time being in Washington’s administration.A. New YorkB. ChicagoC. Boston22. It was _____ who advanced four plans which met bitter criticisms from many people. A. Alexander Hamilton B. Thomas JeffersonC. George Washington23. _____ was the first American President who was inaugurated in the city of Washington. A. John Adams B. Thomas Jefferson C. James Madison24. The War with England between 1812 and 1814 happened during the administration of President _____.A. James MadisonB. James MonroeC. John Adams25. The _____ stopped the Holy Alliance’s program, and prevented the European countries from extending their influence.A. Monroe DoctrineB. Sedition ActC. Holy Alliance26. _____ was the first president who developed the power of veto into one of the means of making laws.A. John AdamsB. Andrew JacksonC. Andrew Johnson27. _____ made slavery possible in the new territories such as in Kentucky and Nebraska. A. Douglas Bill B. Monroe Doctrine C. SeditionAct28. During the Civil War Lincoln issued the _____, which declaredthe abolition of slavery. A. Homestead Bill B. Emancipation ProclamationC. Both A and B29. The Battle of _____ was the turning point of the American Civil War. A. Bull Run B. Gettysburg C. Richmond30. The first imperialist war took place between the U.S. and _____in 1898. A. Britain B. France C. Spain31. The first American President from the Republic Party is _____.A. Abraham LincolnB. Andrew JohnsonC. Thomas JeffersonD. George Washington32. In 1918 President _____ issued the “Fourteen Points”.A. Woodrow WilsonB. William H. TaftC. Theodore RooseveltD. Warren G. Harding33. Haymarket Massacre took place in _____ in May 1886.A. New YorkB. ChicagoC. Washington34. In 1894, the American industrial production held the _____ place in the world. A. first B. second C. third35. McCarthy was notorious for his harsh _____ persecution of the progressive people. A. religious B. spiritual C. political36. The Ku Klux Klan was the most notorious terrorist society which persecuted the _____. A. blacks B. Indians C. progressive people37. On August 14, 1914, the U.S. and Britain issued a joint communiqué called _____. A. the Teheran Declaration B. the Atlantic CharterC. the Washington Proclamation38. In Sino-American relations Theodore Roosevelt exercised the so-called “_____”, invadingChina by means of both force and culture.A. Open Door PolicyB. Big StickC. Douglas Bill39. The First World War broke out on July 28th, _____ and ended on November 11th, _____, lasting for about four years.A. 1913, 1917B. 1914, 1918C. 1915, 191940. The two military alliances during WWI were the _____ and the_____. A. Axis, Allies B. Holy Alliance, AxisC. Central Powers, Allies41. The assassination of a(n) _____ prince, Arch Duke Fedinand, served as the direct fuse for the outbreak of WWI.A. AustraliaB. BelgiumC. Austria42. Altogether _____ countries became involved in or were dragged into WWI. A. 33 B. 38 C. 3943. The frequent emergence of the economic crisis in the U.S.A. led to the following disastrous effects except _____.A. inflationB. the rise of pricesC. the decrease of populationD. the decrease of the purchasing capacity44. In April 1945 a conference was held at _____ to organize the United Nations. A. San Francisco B. New York C. Philadelphia45. _____ countries attended the conference of the foundling of the UN. A. 48 B. 47 C. 4546. At the _____ Conference, the heads of the Soviet Union, the U.S. and Britain discussed the problem of opening the second battlefield in Europe.A. YaltaB. TeheranC. Casablanca47. In July 1945, Britain, the U.S. and the Soviet Union met at Potsdam to formulate an occupation policy and set up a program for the future of Germany. The meeting was the famous _____ Conference.A. CairoB. TeheranC. PotsdamD. Quebec48. The two fighting sides in WWII were _____.A. the Allies and the Axis (powers)B. the Axis and Holy AllianceC. the Central Powers and the Allies49. The _____ was the treaty signed at Versailles, near Paris in France in 1919. A. Paris Treaty B. Versaills Treaty C. Teheran Treaty50. The meeting was held at Yalta in the Crimea of the Soviet Union in Feb, 1945. At the meeting many matters were discussed, including the final defeat of Germany, the demilitarization of Germany, the founding of the U.N. etc., this was the famous _____ Conference. A. Yalta B. Teheran C. Potsdam51. The Communist Party of the US was founded in _____.A. 1920B. 1918C. 191952. The U.S. Communist Party was re-established in 1945 with _____as its general secretary. A. Levestone B. William Foster C. Earl Browder53. The Great Depression of _____ to shook the US and the whole capitalist world to itsfoundations.A. 1929, 1933B. 1933, 1937C. 1924, 192954. The programme of 1947 that America would offer its moneysupplies and machinery to any European nation that wished to participate in was called _____.A. Eisenhower DoctrineB. Marshall PlanC. Truman Doctrine55. The _____ broke out in June 1950 and ended in the summer of 1953.A. Vietnam WarB. Cold WarC. Korean War56. In April 1949 twelve nations established the NATO to coordinate the military actions of member nations against the _____.A. GermanyB. JapanC. Soviet Union57. The Second World War broke out in September, _____ and ended in August _____. A. 1939, 1945 B. 1937, 1943 C. 1938, 194558. After WWII there emerged a new balance of power between _____and _____. A. the Allies, the Axis Powers B. the USSR, the USAC. the old capitalist countries, the new ones59. There occurred _____ economic crises from the end of WWII to the middle of the 1970’s.A. sixB. fiveC. seven60. The President Franklin D. Roosevelt proposed a policy called_____ to save the economic situation.A. Good NeighbourB. the Open Door PolicyC. the New Deal61. The Battle of _____ took place in 1942 and it was the turning point of the Pacific area. A. Midway Island B. Britain C. Normandy62. In Feb. _____ came President Nixon’s historic visit to China.A. 1979B. 1972C. 197363. In 1953, _____ ended in the failure of the U.S.A. the Korean WarB. the Vietnam WarC. the US-Spanish War64. On December 7th, 1941, the base of the American Pacific Fleet, Pearl Harbour, was suddenly attacked by the _____ air force and navy.A. SpanishB. FrenchC. Japanese65. The original Union consists of _____ at the time of its independence. A. 13 B. 50 C. 4866. The first thirteen states of the US mainly located _____ seaboard. A. the eastern B. the western C. the northern67. _____ appointed many of the colonial governors.A. The English KingB. the local governmentC. the local people68. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by a committee including _____ as head. A. George Washington B. Thomas JeffersonC. both A and B69. _____ was the British king when colonial Americans declaredtheir independence. A. King George I B. King George III C. King George II70. In 1945 a conference was held in _____ to found the United Nations.A. San FranciscoB. ChicagoC. New York71. President Nixon visited China in _____.A. 1973B. 1974C. 197272. _____ was the only American president who was re-elected three times in succession. A. Theodore Roosevelt B. George WashingtonC. FranklinD. Roosevelt D. Thomas Jefferson73. The city’s name “Philadelphia” means _____.A. brotherly loveB. fishing pitC. philosophy1. It was _____ who first discovered the America in 1492.2. The New World was named after _____ Vespucci.3. _____ was the first man who sailed around the earth.4. The Indians living in America are all _____ skinned and dark-haired.5. The War of _____ broke out in 1775 and ended in 1783.6. The First World War broke out on July 28th in _____.7. In 1620 some English Puritans sailed to Plymouth on a ship called _____. 8. On July 4th, 1776, the document called the Declaration of_____ was accepted by the American Congress.9. The first English colony was _____.10. Lexington Fire was the _____ of the War of Independence.11. In 1803 the United States purchased Louisiana from _____.12. The U.S.- _____ War broke out in 1898.13. The Great Depression of 1929 - _____ shook the United States and the whole capitalist world to its foundation.14. The _____ _____ policy went into effect by the spring of 1947 when Truman Doctrine came forth.15. The Confederate Union of America consisted of _____ southern states. 16. During the Civil War Lincoln took two important measures, one was the _____ _____, the other was the _____ _____.17. By the end of _____ century, the U.S. had become the most powerful country in the world. 18. The U.S. bought the area of Alaska from _____ in 1867.19. The Constitution Convention lasted _____ weeks from May to September, _____. 20. The Constitution drawn up at the end of Independence War is called the _____ of the Confederation.21. The Constitution of _____ established the dictatorship of the America bourgeoisie big capitalists and big slave owners.22. The bourgeois democratic personages headed by Thomas Jefferson, were opposed to the Constitution. They were called _____.23. The people, headed by John Hamilton, who supported the Constitution of 1787, were called _____.24. During Washington’s administration Thomas Jefferson was appointed _____ of _____.25. The war with England between 1812-1814 was called the Second_____ of _____. 26. President John Q. Adams was the son of the _____ president, John Adams. 27. The forming of the _____ Alliance was to suppress the South American revolution. 28. Andrew Jackson was the first president who developed the power of _____ into one of the means of making laws.29. The first great tide from 1840 to 1860 in America was the _____ movement. 30. The famous novel “_____ _____ _____” by Mrs Stowe aroused a great and universal hatred for slavery.31. A man named _____ _____ began a rising which aimed at solvingthe slavery trouble by force. 32. In _____ the first group of English colonists came to America.33. From 1863 to 1867 _____ Reconstruction dominated the reconstruction of the south. 34. With the passage of the military Reconstruction Act in March 1867 the power of Reconstruction of the south passed from president to the _____.35. The most notorious society which mainly persecuted the blacks was _____ _____ _____. 36. The _____ _____ Conference in 1919 was infact a meeting to divide the spoils and redivide the old colonies.37. The _____ Conference was the constitution of the Paris Peace Conference. 38. The _____ post-war economic crisis occurred from 1973 to 1975 was the most serious crisis. 39. The Communist Party of China sent _____ _____ _____ to attend the Conference of the founding of U.N. and signed the charter.40. The _____ Declaration was published at the Cairo Conference.41. The main force of the Japanese United Fleet was destroyed by America in the _____ _____ Battle.42. The _____ World War was a destructive war and an anti-fascist war.43. The _____ Programme was successfully carried out in 1969 and two American astronauts landed on the moon.44. After WWII the _____ _____ emerged on the scene and containment of Communism became the basis of the American foreign policy.45. The source of WWII in Europe came from _____.46. The direct cause that the U.S. entered WWII was the Japanesesu dden raid of the US’s naval base at _____ _____.47. In 1939 Germany first launched the lightening attack on _____ and England and _____ then declared war on Germany.48. The dropping of the two atom bombs by America forced _____ to surrender unconditionally. 49. The second post-war crisis occurred during 1953 and 1954 was caused by the _____ War. 50. It was president _____ who moved toward improving relations with China. 51. America participated in the Second World War in the year _____.52. In _____ China and U.S.A. normalized their relationship.53. The outstanding leader of the Civil Rights Movement was __________ _____. 54. _____ _____ uprising in 1859 helped the outbreak of the Civil War.55. “I know not what course others may take, but for me, g ive me liberty or give me death.” This was said by _____ _____.II. Define the Following Terms1. The Boston “Tea Party”2. The Westward Movement3. The Civil Rights Movement4. The Atlantic Charter5. The “Open Door Policy”6. The Cairo Declaration7. The Marshall PlanI. BDBBA ABCBA AABBC CABAB AABAA BABBC AABAC ABABCCBCAA BCABA CBABC CABAC ABACA AABBA CCAII.1. Columbus Amerigo Magellan red Independence 1914 Mayflower Independence Virginia prelude France Spanish 1933 Cold War 11 Homestead Bill, Emancipation Proclamation 19th Russia 13, 1787 Articles 1787 anti-federalist Federalists Secretary, State War, Independence second Holy veto Westward Uncle Tom’s Cabin John Brown 1607 Presidental Congress Ku Klux Klan Paris Peace Washington sixth deputy Dong Biwu Cairo Midway Island Second Apollo Communist Party Germany Pearl Harbour Poland Japan Korean Nixon 1941 1979 Martin Luther King John Brown Patrick Henry1. The Judicial Branch is headed by _____.A. the Supreme CourtB. CongressC. President2. The general election in America is held every _____ years.A. 5B. 4C. 6D. 33. The symbol of the US Democratic Party is _____.A. donkeyB. elephantC. eagle4. _____ has the sole right to interpret the Constitution.A. The CabinetB. The Supreme CourtC. PresidentD. Congress5. The symbol of the US Republic Party is _____.A. tigerB. elephantC. donkey6. The political system of the US is based on the following except _____. A. federalism B. the constitutional monarchyC. the separation of powersD. respect for the constitutionE. the rule of law7. The US Federal Government is composed of the following except _____. A. the legislative B. the standing committeeC. the judicialD. the executive8. The number of Congressmen from each state varies depending on _____. A. the size of the area B. the size of the populationC. the traditionD. the wealth9. The Democratic Party of America was founded in _____.A. 1845B. 1828C. 178710. There are _____ departments in American Government.A. 13B. 14C. 1511. The law-making or the legislative body in the government is_____. A. the Supreme Court B. the CongressC. the CabinetD. the president’s committee12. All states in America have the legislative branch of two houses except the state _____.A. NebraskaB. NevadaC. Oregon13. In each state there are about _____ counties on average.A. 30B. 50C. 6014. The members in the Senate must be at least _____ years old and those in the Representative _____ years old.A. 40, 30B. 30, 26C. 30, 2515. The tenure of office of federal judges is _____ years long.A. 8B. for lifeC. 516. The Democratic and the Republican Parties gradually lost their differences after _____. A. 1865 B. 1860 C. 187017. There are _____ presidential electors for all the states.A. 535B. 100C. 538D. 43518. The Federal Government and the states governments are supposedto _____ each other. A. guide B. control C. keep independence from19. If the president wants to put a treaty into effect, he has toget the approval by two thirds of the _____.A. SenateB. CabinetC. CongressI. Fill in the Blanks1. Only the _____ _____ has the right to interpret the constitution.2. There are _____ voting members in the House of Representatives.3. Each of the fifty states of US elects _____ senators.4. There are _____ judges in the Supreme Court of America.5. The first ten amendments added to the constitution in 1791 was called the _____ _____ _____.6. The Federal Constitution consists of_____ articles and _____ amendments. 7. The balance is always kept among the three branches of the power of the government and this is called the “System of _____ and _____”.8. The _____ determines the government and divides the power of the government into three branches.9. The official presidential residence is the _____ _____.10. _____ is the only way in which the president can legally be removed from office. 11. In 1974 President _____ was impeached and he resigned his office before a trial could take place.12. The parties in the US choose all their candidates for election, except for president, as “_____ _____”.13. In American history _____ presidents have been assassinated.14. The president who was first assassinated in 1865 was _____ _____.15. The American Congress is made up of two houses: the _____ andthe House of _____. 16. In the US the chief function of _____ is to make laws.17. The Democratic Party grew out of the _____.18. There are _____ persons in the Jury.19. There are _____ members in the Senate.20. The head of he House of Representatives is called the _____.21. According to the _____, the president should be a citizen bornin the US territory. 22. The two main parties are the Democratic and the _____ Party.II. Explain the Following Terms1. FBI2. The President-electIII. Answer the Following Questions1. What is the role of the US congress? What is the criticism of the Congress in the AmericanPress?2. What are the main features of the State government? I.ABABB BBBBA BACBB ACCAII.1. Supreme Court 435 2 9 Bill of Rights 7, 26 Checks, Balance Constitution White House Impeachment Nixon primary election 4 Abraham Lincoln Senate Congress Anti-Federalism 12 100 Speaker Constitution Republican1. The popular kind of family in America is _____ family. A. nucleusB. looseC. largeD. blend2. Americans like the following attitudes except _____. A.informality B. personal dignity C. equalityD. franknessE. consideration for others3. Thanksgiving Day is originated in _____.A. EnglandB. AmericaC. ScotlandD. Canada4. The largest Protestant group in America is known as _____. A. the Latter-day Saints B. BaptistsC. MethodistsD. Quakers5. Marriage in America is considered _____.A. more important to the parentsB. a pure religious affairC. rather burdensomeD. a pure individual matter 6. _____ American young people live independently after marriage. A. Half B. Most C. Some7. The rate of divorce in America ranks _____ in the world. A. second B. third C. first D. fourth8. The black people usually have _____ family.A. smallB. middle-sizedC. big9. The “senior citizens” in the social centres refer to _____.A. high officialsB. professorsC. presidentD. old people 10. The popular foods in America include the following except _____. A. hamburgers B. hot dogs C. bread D. rice11. People can usually get cheap meals in the following places except _____. A. snack bars B. cafeterias C. big restaurants D. coffee shops 12. Dining customs include the following except _____. A. being polite to ladies B. not staying too long after dinner C. being punctualD. using both hands13. Most Americans are _____ from different countries. A. blacks B. Indians C. emigrants D. immigrants14. BLT in America is a kind of _____.A. sandwichB. sauceC. butterD. vegetable15. Valentine’s Day falls on _____.A. July 4thB. March 21stC. February 14th16. On Easter Sunday people usually have lamb and ham as their main meat. For children lamb isthe symbol of _____.A. good luckB. the sacrifice of ChristC. the tomb from which Christ rose17. American Independence Day fall on _____.A. the 4th of JulyB. October 31stC. March 20th18. Halloween is a _____.A. summer festivalB. night-time festivalC. sweethearts’ holidayD. pilg rims holiday19. Over _____ of all American religious people are Protestants. A. half B. three fifths C. two thirds20. In Protestantism there are about _____ principal groups. A. 40 B.50 C. 60 D. 3021. There are two major denominations in America which are theresult of native developments.They are the following except _____.A. Christian ScienceB. MormonismC. UnitariansD. both A and B22. The characteristics of the American religion are the following except _____.A. wide variety of denominationsB. emphasis on social problemsC. separation of church and stateD. unity among the churches 23. In the US about _____ of all the property is in the possession of one-tenth of the population.A. halfB. one thirdC. two thirds24. Urban Hermits refer to _____.A. people who live in the remote placesB. people who live in mountains and forestsC. shopping-bag ladies in big cities25. A hamburger is usually made from _____.A. beefB. porkC. combination of beef and pork 26. In America snack bars and coffee shops are usually _____. A. cheap B. expensive C. formal27. The outstanding characteristic of American society is thediversity of _____.A. climateB. industryC. people28. Sometimes two couples go out together. This is known as _____. A. steady dating B. casual dating C. double dating D. blind dating 29. The popular American belief is _____.A. part-time workingB. self-made manC. manual labour 30. White-collar workers _____.A. have higher reputationB. get higher payC. may earn less than blue-collar workersD. both A and C 31. The black people usually have a _____ family and 1/3 of which are controlled by women.A. nucleusB. bigC. looseD. middle-sizedI. Fill in the Blanks1. A person who is employed to take care of children for a specific length of time while the parents are out is called a _____ _____.2. The rate of divorce in America ranks _____ in the world.3. A family composed of a father, a mother and two children is considered the _____ family.4. In order to solve the problem of the loneliness and uselessness for the aged, many communities and church group sponsor social centres which are called _____ centres.5. Today over _____ percent of all married women are active in community affairs.6. A hamburger is a kind of sandwich made with ground beef that is fried and put into a bun.7. A cheese burger is a hamburger with melted _____.8. The coffee without cream or sugar is called _____ coffee.9. To any black, the old term “_____” by which he is addressed is considered a great insult.10. Because of the existence of the nucleus family some of the old men and women suffered greatly from _____.11. In the 1960’s the “_____ _____” appeared among young people, such as living together beforemarriage.12. _____ is the most popular American drink.13. The most typical and true national holiday in the US is __________. 14. Americans have great admiration for the _____ man.15. American children suffer most for their parents’ _____.16. The American’s favourite meat i s _____.17. The peculiarity of American history made the American spirit of _____ come into being. This spirit is reflected in many aspects of American life.18. The fact that many citizens take drugs – heroin makes __________ the “City of Heroin”II. Answer the Following Questions1. What day in the US is the birthday of the nation?2. Who was Martin Luther King?3. What is the meaning of the saying “trick or treat”?4. What does Easter Sunday celebrate?5. What is the biggest and best-loved holiday in the US?ABBBD BCCDD CDCAC BABBD DDACA ACCCD B。

Understanding the United KingdomPart 1 Geography and History of UKSection 1 The LandI. Choose the correct answer and circle the letter before it.1. The highest mountain peak in Britain is in _____.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland2. The longest river in Britain is the _____ River.A. SevernB. ThamesC. MerseyD. Humber3. The largest lake in Britain is located in _____.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland4. The highest mountain peak in Britain is called _____.A. Ben NevisB. Cross FellC. SnowdoniaD. Scafell5. The Lake District is well-known for _____.A. its wild and beautiful sceneryB. its varied lakesC. the lake PoetsD. all of the above three6. Which of the following is NOT the feature of British climate?A. coldnessB. more rainy daysC. changeabilityD. more fogsKeys: 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. D 6. AII. Translate the following into Chinese1.The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国2.The strait of Dover 多佛海峡3. the English Channel 英吉利海峡4.Greenwich 格林尼治5..The Britain Isles 大不列颠岛6.The Thames River 泰晤士河7.The Severn River 塞汶河ke Neigh 讷湖9. Lake District 湖区10.Edinburgh 爱丁堡11.Glasgow 格拉斯哥12.Cardiff 加的夫13. Stonehenge 史前时期巨大石柱14. the British Isles不列颠群岛15.the English Channel 英吉利海峡16. maritime climate海洋性气候；海岸气候17. loanwords外来语，外来词18.. Old English古英语（略作OE）19. Roman Catholic church罗马天主教会；罗马公教20. .Middle English中世纪英语；中古英语（约1150－约1475年间的英语）III. Select the letter of the answer that best matches each term on the left.___ 1. Northern Ireland a. church leader of a diocese___ 2. Charlotte Bronte b. Ulster___ 3. archbishop c. Middle Valley___ 4. Ben Nevis d. church leader of a province___ 5. bilingual education e. Britain’s highest mountain___ 6. Central lowland f. author of Jane Eyre___ 7. bishop g. teaching in two languages(Key: 1.b 2.f 3.a 4.e 5.g 6.c 7.d)Section 2 The PeopleI. Choose the correct answer and circle the letter before it.1. The English people are descendants of .A. CeltsB. RomansC. Anglo-SaxonsD. Danes2. Middle English took shape about a century after the Conquest.A. RomanB. Anglo-SaxonC. NormanD. Danish3. The established church of Britain is .A. The Church of EnglandB. Free churchC. The United Reformed ChurchD. The Church of Scotland4. Easter is kept, commemorating the of Jesus Christ.A. ComingB. BirthC. DeathD. ResurrectionKeys: 1. C 2. C 3. A 4. DII．Match the names of the cities with the descriptions.Column A Column B__f__1. Liverpool a. the steel manufacturing center of Britain__c__2. Hulls b. the former center of textile industry of Britain__a__3. Sheffield c. the fishing port in Humberside__b__4. Manchester d. the largest city in Britain__g__5. Glasgow e. the second largest city in Britain__d__6. London f. the district of Merseyside__e__7. Birmingham g. the largest city in Scotland__i__8. Belfast h. the capital of Wales__j__9. Edinburgh i. the capital of Northern Ireland__h__10.Cardiff j. the capital of ScotlandIII. Translate the following into Chinese1.Modern English 现代英语2.The Church of England 英格兰圣公会3.Christmas 圣诞节4.Easter 复活节5.Westminster Abbey 西敏寺大教堂6.City of London 伦敦城7.Outer London 外伦敦8.Poets' Corner 诗人角9. Birmingham 伯明翰IV. True or False1.England is smaller than the combined territory of Scotland and Wales.2.The first Christian church was established at Canterbury, England, in 597.3.The Scottish language is derived from Old English.4.What kind of language to speak is not important in Great Britain.5.The present-day English people have inherited the physical characteristics of the Germanicpeople and the Celts.(Key: 1. F (still larger) 2.T 3. F (Old Celtic language) 4. F (extremely important) 5. TSection 3 Early Man and the Feudal SocietyI. Choose the correct answer and circle the letter before it.1. The earliest settlers on the British Isles were the ___________.A. CeltsB. GaelsC. IberiansD. Brythons2. In 43 A.D., Roman under _______ conquered Britain.A. Julius CaesarB. ClaudiusC. AugustineD. the Pope3. Roman Britain lasted until the year of ______ when all Roman troops went back to thecontinent.A.400 A.D.B. 410 A.D.C.445 A.D. D.449 A.D.4. Which of the following was NOT a thing of value left behind by Roman?A.Welsh ChristianityB. the Roman RoadsC. citiesD. enormous wealth5. The Great Charter was made in the interest of _______.A. the KingB. the feudal lordsC. the townsmenD. the merchantsKeys: 1. C 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. BII. Rearrange the following historical events in the order in which they took place.1. __d____ a. Norman Conquest2. __b____ b. Anglo-Saxon Conquest3. __e____ c. the birth of Parliament4. __a____ d. Roman Conquest5. __c____ e. Danish ConquestIII. Translate the following into Chinese1. Roman Conquest 罗马征服 2 . Anglo-Saxon settlement 盎格鲁撒克逊人的定居3. Edward, the Confessor 信教者爱德华4. Battle at Hastings 哈斯丁斯战役5. the Great Charter 大宪章6. Model Parliament 模范会议7. Stonehenge巨石阵8. King Arthur 亚瑟王9. Vikings 维京人/北欧海盗10. the Canterbury Tales坎特伯雷故事集11. Danelaw丹麦法律施行区12. Picts皮克特人13. Julius Caesar 尤里乌斯凯撒/ 凯撒大帝19. Hadrian’s Wall哈德良长城20. Robin Hood罗宾汉IV. Select the letter of the answer that best matches each term on the left.1. King Alfred a. itinerant justices2. knights b. the Father of British Navy3. Prince of Wales c. heir to the English throne4. circuit judges d. sworn men5. Witan e. wise men(1-b 2-d 3-c 4-a 5-e )V. True or False1. The Celts laid the foundations of the English state.2. Old English originated in Normandy.3. The Norman Conquest strengthened the cultural connection between the Anglo-Saxons and their relatives in north Europe.4. The Norman cavalry defeated the Anglo-Saxon troop at Hastings.5. The bi-linguistic period in English history drew to an end by the late 18th century.(1.F 2.F 3.F 4.T 5.F)Section 4 Decline of Feudalism and the Bourgeois RevolutionI. Choose the correct answer and circle the letter before it.1. _______ launched the Hundred Years’ War.A. Edward ⅠB. Edward ⅡC. Edward ⅢD. Henry Ⅲ2. War of Roses were fought _____ between the Lacastrians and the Yorkists from 1455 to 1485.A. constantlyB. irregularlyC. continuouslyD. intermittently3. The House of Tudor was founded in _______.A. 1455B. 1465C. 1475D. 14854. The British Bourgeois Revolution took place in the ______ century.A. 15thB. 16thC. 17thD. 18th5. Which of the following statements about the Renaissance is NOT true?A. the Renaissance was a revival of interest in many things that the early Middle Ages had cared about.B. the Renaissance was a cultural movement by humanists.C. the Renaissance spread into England under the Tudor.D. During the Renaissance, the theatre attained great popularity under Elizabeth.6. The “glorious revolution” of 1688 put ____ on the throne.A. Charles ⅠB. Charles ⅡC. James ⅡD. William of OrangeKeys: 1.C 2.D 3.D 4. C 5.A 6. DII. Translate the following into Chinese1. Puritan 清教徒2. The Hundred Years’ War 百年大战3. Short Parliament 短期议会4. Long Parliament 长期议会5. Black Death 黑死病6. Restoration of the Stuart 斯图亚特王朝复辟7. “Glorious R evolution” 光荣革命8. the Wars of Roses 玫瑰战争9. humanism 人文主义10. Renaissance文艺复兴IV. Select the letter of the answer that best matches each term on the left.1.Armada a. flower of the feudalism2.knights b. peasant leader3.Watt Tyler c. state church4.Tudor Monarchy d. New Monarchy5.Protestantism e. Invincible Fleet6.Established religion f. Protestant ideology(1-e 2-a 3-b 4-d 5-f 6-c)V. True or False1.Feudalism was established in England soon after the Anglo-Saxon conquest.2.The Hundred Yea r’s War continued without interruption for more than 100 years.3.The ending of the Wars of the roses marked the beginning of the Middle Ages.4.The Tudor Monarchy was the transitional stage from feudalism to capitalism in Englishhistory.5.Elizabethan drama rejected humanism and regarded life as a tragedy.(1.F 2.F 3.F 4.T 5.F)Section 5 The Industrial Revolution and the Chartist MovementⅠ. Choose the best answer and circle the letter before it.1. The British Industrial Revolution first began in the industry.A. iron and steelB. textileC. coal-miningD. ship-building2. invented the “spinning Jenny.”A. James HargreavesB. Richard ArkwrightC. Edmund CartwrightD. James Watt3. The author of Wealth of Nations is .A. Adam SmithB. David RichardoC. Thomas MalthusD. Robert OwenKeys: 1.B 2.A 3.AII Match the inventions in Column B with the inventors in Column A.Column A Column B1. c James Hargreaves a. spinning machine run by water power2. a Richard Arkwright b. the steam engine3. d Edmund Cartwright c. the “Spinning Jenny”4. b James Watt d. the power loomIII. Key Terms:1. gunpowder plot 火药阴谋（1605年英国天主教徒在国会地下室放置炸药企图炸死国王）2. natural selection 自然选择；物竞天择说3. Origin of Species 物种起源IV. Select the letter of the answer that best matches each term on the left.1. Oliver Cromwell A. Glorious Revolution2. Darwin B. Lord Protector3. Cavaliers C. author of Origin of Species4. White Revolution D. Author of Jane Eyre5. Charlotte Bronte E. Royalists(1. B 2. C 3. E 4. A 5. D)Section 6 The British Empire and British ImperialismWhat wars of aggression were waged by Britain against China in the 19th century?A: In 1840, the British colonists(殖民者) launched an aggression(侵略) war against China and forced the corrupt(堕落的,腐败的) Qing government to conclude the Treaty of Nanking in 1842, whereby(靠那个,凭那个) Hong Kong was ceded to Britain as colony and five ports (Shanghai, Fuchow, Amoy(厦门), Ningpou and Canton(广东,旧称)) were opened as a trade ports, and the colonists were granted special privileges for travel and missionary in China.From 1856 to 1860, Britain and France jointly waged a war of aggression against China and occupied such major cities as Canton, Tientsin(天津) and Peking(北京,旧称). They plundered(掠夺) and burned down the Yuan Ming Yuan Palace and forced the Qing government to conclude the Treaty of Tientsin and the Treaty of Peking. In 1900, Britain allied(有联系的,同盟的) with seven imperialist(帝国主义) powers, invaded China in an attempt to further dominate over China.Ⅰ.Choose the correct answer and circle the letter before it.1. The first British colony was .A. New EnglandB. NewfoundlandC. West IndiesD. India2. The British colonists forced the Qing government to conclude the Treaty of in 1842.A. PekingB. NankingC. TientsinD. Canton3. Which of the following is NOT the feature of imperialism ?A. foreign territorial expansionB. export of capitalC. free competitionD. monopoly4. Which is NOT the member country of the Triple Alliance ?A. GermanyB. FranceC. Austria-HungaryD. Italy5. Which was NOT the member country of the Triple Entente ?A. BritainB. FranceC. RussiaD. Italy6. Which of the following is NOT true of the depression in1930s ?A. Factories closedB. Banks failedC. Foreign trade shriveledD. Unemployment rate was low7. In which year did Japan attack Pearl Harbor ?A. 1939B. 1940C. 1941D.19428. Mrs. Thatcher failed to win the general election in1990 mainly because of .A. the slow development of the British economyB. the high inflationC. the high rate of unemploymentD. the high rate of taxes9. China and Britain established the diplomatic relations at the ambassadorial rank in the year of .A. 1950B. 1954C. 1972D. 1997Keys: 1.B 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.D 6.D 7.C 8.C 9.CII．Translate the following into Chinese1. the Treaty of Nanking 南京条约2. the British Commonwealth of Nations 英联邦3. tobacco plantations 烟草种植园4. Opium War 鸦片战争5. BBC 英国广播公司6. carefree lifestyle 无忧无虑的生活方式III．True or False1. During the Second World War more than 4.5 million people were sent to fight overseas.2.Under the leadership of Tony Blair, the Labor Party promised to turn Britain into a socialist state.3.After the loss of Egypt and the Suez Canal, people no longer regarded Britain as a great power.4.The Second World War turned Britain into a creditor nation.5.The British voters deserted Churchill because they wanted to put the war behind them.(1.T 2. F(He abandoned the idea) 3. T 4. F(a debtor nation) 5. T)Part 2 Political System and Economy of UKSection 1 Parliament and GovernmentI．What power does the Queen have theoretically? Why is it said she has no real power at all in reality?The queen has all the power: she is the head of the executive branch of government and gives effect to all laws; she may pardon criminal offenses and cancel punishments; she is the commander-in-chief of the armed forces and the temporal head of the church of England; she also confers all titles of rank and appoints judges, officers of the armed forces, governors, bishops and diplomats. It is the monarch who has the power to conclude treaties, to declare war upon and make peace with other nations.II. Choose the correct answers.1. Which of the following is NOT true of British political system?A. Britain has no codified constitution.B. Britain is a federal state.C. Britain still keeps an old-fashioned government.D. British government is established on the basis of constitutional monarchy.2. In Britain, government cannot spend any money without the permission of________.A. the QueenB. the Prime MinisterC. the House of CommonsD. the House of Lords3. The British government ministers are responsible to _____ for the work of their department.A. A. the House of LordsB. ParliamentC. the CabinetD. the Privy Council4. All the government ministers of Britain must be members of ________.A. the House of LordsB. the House of CommonsC. the Privy CouncilD. Parliament5. Civil servants who are concerned with administration are forbidden ________.A. to be voters at electionsB. to be candidates for parliamentC. to continue their work when government changesD. to compete with others for a higher rank Keys: 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.BIII. Translate the following into Chinese1. the House of Lords 贵族院, 英国上议院2. the House of Commons 平民院亦称下院3. the Lord Chancellor 大法官4. the Foreign and Commonwealth Office 外交及联邦事务部5. the Home Office 内政部6. Mr. speaker 下院议长7. the Cabinet 内阁8. life peers （英）终身贵族（子孙不能承袭的）9.lord temporal [复数]Lords Temporal(英国)上议院的世俗议员(指上议院中非宗教界的议员即非主教或大主教的贵族议员)10.constitutional monarchy 君主立宪制度11. law lords英国上议院高级法官12. Buckingham Palace白金汉宫（英国皇宫）13. head of the state国家元首14.lords spiritual （英）上议院神职议员IV. Matching___ 1. the crown a. lower-upper class___ 2. motions b. symbol of supreme executive power___ 3. monarch c. king or queen___ 4. gentry d. proposals of legislation___ 5.Lord of Chancellor e. the opposition___ 6. minority party f. important person(1. b 2. d 3. c 4.a 5.f 6.e)V. True or False1.Most proposals for legislation are put forward by the opposition party2.The British prime minister can select any British citizen for the office of foreign secretary.3.The British supreme court of appeals is the Upper House4.The British House of Lords is composed of three types of peers.5.The queen appoints the leader of the minority party as prime minister.6.The British queen is free to dissolve Parliament.7.British Members of Parliament are selected for a term of five years.Keys:(1. F (by the cabinet) 2. F (select one cabinet member) 3. T4. F (three types of lords)5. F (the leader of majority party)6. F (The queen’s dissolving the Parliament is normally done at the request of PM)7. T)Section 2 Party politics and judiciary1. The Conservative and the Labour parties have been in power by turns ever since the end of__________.A. the 19th centuryB. the end of the First World WarC. the Second World WarD. 1960s2. The general election in Britain is held every ___ years.A. 3B. 4C. 5D.63. The party that has the majority of seats in ____ will form the government in Britain.A. the House of CommonsB. the House of LordsC. the Privy CouncilD. the CabinetKeys；1.C 2.C 3.AII: Key Terms:1 the Conservative Party 保守党2 the Labour Party 工党3. major parties主要政党4. general election 大选5. silence right沉默权6. hung jury 悬而不决的陪审团7. circuit judges巡回法官8. independent candidate独立候选人III. Select the letter of the answer that best matches each term on the left.1.constable a. accused2. summary offence b. state-owned3. constituency c. freedom of belief4. defendant d. between the left and the right5. religious freedom e. soliciting votes6. magistrate f. senior lawyer7. nationalized g. electoral district8. political center h. petty offence9. barrister i. police officer10. canvassing j. Justice of the Peace（1--i 2--h 3--g 4--a 5--c 6--j 7--b 8--d 9--f 10--e ）IV. True or False.1. Political questions are dealt with by law courts in Britain.2. To protect its national independence, Britain puts its national law above the European Union law.3. Britain is the first country t institute jury trial.4. Nearly all the British voters regard their local candidates as independent candidates.（1.F 2. F 3. T 4. F）Section 3 Economy and CitiesI. Key Terms1. visible trade有形贸易2. invisible trade 无形贸易3. Poets' Corner诗人角4. denationalization 非国有化5. value added tax增值税6. West End伦敦西区ernment subsidies 政府补贴II. Select the letter of the answer that best matches each term on the left.1. Adam Smith a. famous car maker2. Rolls Royce b. mail marketing3. junk mail c. center of electronic industry4. Silicon Glen d. privatization5. denationalization e. center of newspaper industry6. Fleet Street f. author of the Wealth of Nations(1-f 2--a 3--b 4--c 5--d 6--e)Part III. True or False.1. Britain is fully self-sufficient in food grain.2. Britain has unfavorable conditions for agricultural development.3. Today many British shipping firms operate under foreign flags to reduce cost money.4. British agriculture is labor-intensive.5. British farms employ more than 10% of the nation's total population.(1. F 2. F 3. T 4. F 5.F)Part 3 Society and Culture of UKI. Key terms1.stocks and bonds 股票及债券2. nuclear family 核心家庭；基本家庭3.afternoon tea 下午茶4. independent schools 私立学校5. Oxbridge牛津和剑桥大学6. the Middle Ages 中世纪，中古时期7. inheritance taxes遗产税，继承税II. Select the letter of the answer that best matches each term on the left.1. English gentleman A. children’s d uty to parents2. filial piety B. discoverer of law of motion3. Issac Newton C. public examinations4. eleven plus D. public school5. Eton College E. patterns of behavior and thinking(1. E 2.A 3. B 4. C 5.D)III. True of False1. According to British tradition, the bond of marriage is stronger than any previous family bonds.2. In English history a married woman’s legal existence was suspended during marriage.3. English people like to drink coffee just as Americans do.4. Students in English public schools are free to wear the low-waist jeans on the campus.5. English public schools stress the importance cultivating obedience.(1. T 2. T 3. F (they prefer tea) 4. F (they are forbidden to wear those jeans) 5. T)Understanding the United StatesPart 1 GeographySection 1 The LandI. Choose the best answer and circle the letter before it.1. The continental Unite States is situated in the _____ part of North America.A. northernB. southernC. centralD. eastern2. The United States is the ______ largest country in the world in terms of area.A. thirdB. forthC. fifthD. sixth3._____ is the largest state of the United States in area.A. HawaiiB. TexasC. AlaskaD. Pennsylvania4. River _______ flows through New York City.A. MissouriB. St. LawrenceC. ColoradoD. Hudson5. Of the five Great Lakes, Lake _______ is wholly within the US.A. SuperiorB. MichiganC. HuronD. Erie6. Niagara Falls is located on the US Canadian boundary between_________.A. Lake Michigan and Lake Huron.B. Lake Huron and Lake Erie.C. Lake Erie and Lake Ontario.D. Lake Superior and Lake MichiganKeys:1.C 2.B 3.C 4.D 5.B 6.CII. Translate the following into Chinese1. Alaska: 阿拉斯加2. the Mississippi River: 密西西比河3.the Hudson River: 哈德逊河4.“Gold Rush”: 淘金热5.Hawaii: 夏威夷6.the “Motor City”: 汽车城7. Continental climate 大陆性气候8.the Appalachian Mountains: 阿巴拉契亚山9. Statue of Liberty 自由女神像10.Niagara Falls: 尼亚加拉瀑布11. Bering Strait 白令海峡12. Silicon Valley 硅谷13. Grand Canyon 大峡谷III. Match the names of states in Colum A with their major features in Colum B.Colum A Colum Bc 1.Washington a. the leading state in the production of coal__d _ 2.Texas b. the leading state in the production of copper__b _ 3.Arizona c. the leading state in growth of trees of commercial value __a _ 4.Pennsylvania d. the leading state in the production of oilIV. Match the names of the cities in Column A with their features in Column B.Column A Column B.1. __c_ Washington D.C. a. the third largest city of the US2. _ d _ New York b. the film center and the second largest city of the US3. __a _ Chicago c. the seat of the federal government4. __b _ Los Angeles d. the largest city in the US5. _ g_ Philadelphia e. “Space City, USA”6. __h _ Detroit f. the largest leather, shoe and wool market7. __e _ Houston g. the seat of the Continental Congress8. __j San Francisco h. “Motor City ,USA”9. _ f__ Boston i. one of Americans top steel-making areas10. I__Pittsburgh j. the city that has the largest ChinatownV. Select the letter of the answer that best matches each term on the left.1. Old Man River a. steel-making center2. American Ruhr b. America’s national bird3. Pittsburgh c. ice box4. Bald eagle d. Ohio River5. Alaska e. Life on the Mississippi6. Mark Twain f. Mississippi(1f 2d 3a 4b 5c 6e)VI. True or False1. The central part of the United States is composed of big mountains.2. The Niagara Falls is situated on the Mississippi River.3. The Great Plains covers a distance of about 640 kilometers from east to west.(1F 2F 3F)Section 2 The PeopleⅠ.Choose the best answer and circle the letter before in.1. The dominant ethnic group in the United States today is ____.A. the Black peopleB. WASPsC. Asian AmericansD. Hispanics2. The ____ constitute the largest ethnic-racial minority group in the United States.A. American IndiansB. HispanicsC. BlackD. Asian Americans3. The _ _are at the very bottom of the society in the United States.A. BlacksB. HispanicsC. non-WASPsD. Asians4. The state of ___ is the largest in population today.A. New YorkB. ColoradoC. ArizonaD. California5. Hispanics in the US speak _____A. EnglishB. SpanishC. FrenchD. their native languages6. ____ outnumber other religious groups in the United States.A. MethodistsB. CongregationalistsC. QuakersD. ProtestantsKeys: 1.B 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.B 6.DII. Match the names of the ethnic or racial groups with the percentage of the total population they make up at present in the United States.1. _b__ American Indians a. 70%2. _a__ White people b. 0.9%3. _c__ Black people c. 12.8%4. _d__ Hispanics d. 12.3%5. _e _ Asian American e. 3.5%III Translate the following into Chinese.1.melting pot: 大熔炉2.W ASPs: 白人盎格鲁.撒克逊新教徒3.Hispanics 说西班牙语的人/拉丁美洲人4. Religious persecution 宗教迫害5. inheritance tax 遗产税6. Racial segregation 种族隔离7. White supremacist白人至上主义者IV. True or False.1. The US population has been characterized by the lack of multiplicity.2. American families with low income have to live in the suburbs.3. The glue of nationhood for Americans is the American ideal of individual liberty and equal justice.4. The traditional dividing line between the South and the North is the Potomac River.(1F 2F 3T 4T)Part 2 HistorySection 1 The Early Colonization1. Who were Puritans? Which of the 13 colonies did Puritans set up?A: Puritans are who represented the rising bourgeoisie of the time and wished to “purify”(使纯净) the Church of England, the established church, with the King as its head.The 13 colonies are: Connecticut, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Delaware, New Netherland, Pennsylvania, and New England.I. Choose the correct answer and circle the letter before it.1. Christopher Columbus was a(n) _ navigator .A. EnglishB. FrenchC. ItalianD. Spanish2. The New World discovered by Columbus was named after .A. Amerigo VespucciB. Christopher ColumbusC. Ferdinand MagellanD. Marco Polo3. The earliest British settlement on North America was .A. PlymouthB. JamestownC. QuebecD. St. Louis4. The Puritans’ first settlement on North America was .A. JamestownB. PlymouthC. New OrleansD. VirginiaKeys: 1.C 2.A 3.B 4.BII. Translate the following into Chinese.1. American Indians 美洲印第安人2.Christopher Columbus 哥伦布3. Mayflower Compact 五月花公约4. Jamestown 詹姆士城5. New England 新英格兰6. self-governing colonies 自治殖民地Section 2 American Revolution1. What important decisions did the Second Continental Congress make?A: One of the first decisions it made was to establish a regular army, with George Washington as commander-in-chief(总司令). On July 4th, 1776, it adopted the Declaration of Independence(独立宣言), which Marx calls the “first declaration of the rights of the individual”.I. Choose the correct answer and circle the letter before it .1. The Second Continental Congress was held in .A. New York CityB. BostonC. PhiladelphiaD. Valley Forge2. Karl Marx called the Declaration of Independence .A. the first decision made by the Second Continental CongressB. the first declaration of the rights of the individualC. the first Bill of RightsD. the first Constitution of the United States3. The Constitutional Convention was held in in May 1787 .A. BostonB. New YorkC. PhiladelphiaD. Washington D. C.Keys: 1.C 2.B 3.CII. Translate the following into Chinese.1.the Stamp Act 印花税法2. the Sugar Act 糖税法3.Boston Massacre 波士顿屠杀案4. Boston Tea Party 波士顿倾茶事件5.the Second Continental Congress 第二次大陆会议6. the Declaration of Independence 独立宣言7. Bill of Rights 人权法案8. Slave trade 奴隶贸易9. plantation economy 种植园经济III. Select the letter of the answer that best matches each term on the left.1) Indians a. popular American song2) Pilgrims b. opponents of independence3) Hawthorne c. total authority4) Yankee Doodle d. Toltec civilization5) Thomas Paine e. human rights6) loyalists f. Forefathers7) absolute powers g. Common Sense8) unalienable rights h. The Scarlet Letter(1. d 2. f 3. h 4. a 5. g 6. b 7. c 8. e)IV. True or False.1. The Indians were nomadic hunters on horseback before the European came.2. The ship known as the Mayflower carried the first group of 102 Separatists into New England in 1620.3. The Articles of Confederation established a Congress in which each state had one vote.(1. F 2. T 3. T)Section 3 American Civil War1. Interpret the cause of the American civil war in terms of economy.A: The swiftly growing industries in the North required the restriction(约束,限制) of slaveryas well as its expanding territory so as to provide capitalist production with raw materials(原材料),。

期末考试一、单项选择题1. The UK is bordered on the _____ by the English Channel.A. eastB. westC. northD. south【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。

The UK is bordered on the south by the English Channel.参见教材P86。

本题知识点：Geographical features(UK),2. The narrowest part of the English Channel is called _____.A. the Straits of DoverB. ChunnelC. Strait of GibraltarD. Marroqui【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。

The English Channel between England and France is quite narrow and the narrowest part is called the Straits of Dover.参见教材P86。

本题知识点：Geographical features(UK),3. The UK has a _____ climate.A. arid climatesB. semi-humidC. continentalD. maritime【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。

The UK has a maritime climate.参见教材P88。

本题知识点：Climate(UK),4. The UK is an island country which lies between latitude _____ north.A. 50° to 60°B. 30° to 40°C. 40° to 50°D. 60° to 70°【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。

新版英美概况复习习题_新版英美概况习题英国部分：一、名词解释1.The City of London2.King Harold3.The Vikings4.King Arthur5.King Alfred6.The Anglo-Saxons7.General election8.Prime minister9.Divine right of the king10.Oxbridge11.The Bill of Rights of 168912.The function of the parliament13.Different classes of Great Britain14.Elizabethan Drama15.Wuthering Heights16.Grammar schools17.tertiary industries18.The open university19.Christmas20.Football hooligans21.The invasion of the Romans22.The Great Charter/Magna Carta23.The Glorious Revolution24.the Battle of Hastings二、简答题1.The Canterbury T ales2.William Shakespeare3.relative decline of the UK economy4.Robert Burns5.Wimbledon International Tennis Championship6.Soccer7.the Easter Rising8.Robert the Bruce9.Boxing Day10.Halloween11.Robin Hood12.Union Jack13.Hereditary peers14.Easter uprisings15.The full name of the UK and the capital of each part16.The Romantic poets17.The Industrial Revolution18.Public schools19.One Hundred Years’ War20.General election21.the “Three Circles” foreign policy三、论述题1.The relation between the Queen and the government2.The establishment of the colonies of the UK3.The classes of the UK4.The relative decline of Great Britain美国部分：一、名词解释1.Puritans2.The Declaration of Independence3.George Washington4.Benjamin Franklin5.California Gold Rush6.The Bill of Rights7.Eli Whitney8.Wall Street9.an indentured servant/doc/d316531671.html,pulsory education of the USA11.Segregation Law12.Melting pot13.Michael Jordan14.The purchase of Alaska二、简答题1.The establishment of Virginia2.The Articles of Confederation3.The three branches of the American government4.The American Industrial Revolution5.James Fenimore Cooper6.Mark Twain7.American Civil War8.The New Deal9.The Lost Generation10.Ernest Hemingway11.Different kinds of American schools12.The Servicemen’s Readjustment Act13.The American Dream14.The purchase of Louisiana三、论述题1.Why the USA is called a nation of immigrants?2.The democratic system of the USA3.The American Civil War4.Why do the Americans consider sports very important in their life?5.The success of Franklin Roosevelt’s New DealMultiple Choice:1. Which of the following CANNOT be found in London?A. TeahousesB. GalleriesC. MuseumsD. Theatres2. The Tower of London, a historical sight, was built by _____.A. King HaroldB. Robin HoodC. Oliver CromwellD. William the Conqueror3. Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England?A. The Anglo-SaxonsB. the NormansC. the VikingsD. the Romans4. The United Kingdom is made up of _____ parts.A. twoB. threeC. fourD. five5. The capital of the Scotland is _____.A. LondonB. BelfastC. EdinburghD. Cardiff6. The first inhabitants in England are the _____.A. CeltsB. RomansC. NormansD. Danes7. The first invaders to England in 43AD were the _____.A. NormansB. VikingsC. GermansD. Romans8. King Arthur is a well-known king from the legends of the _____.A. JutesB. Anglo-SaxonsC. DanesD. Normans9. “William the Conqueror” defeated and killed the English king in the Battle of _____.A. LondonB. CalaisC. HastingsD. Canterbury10. The king who was executed in the 17th century was _____.A. William IB. Henry IC. Charles ID. George I11. The Scottish king _____ defeated the English army in theBattle of Bannockburn, leading to300 years of full independence for Scotland.A. William WallaceB. Robert the BruceC. James ID. Canute12. The leader of the republican “roundheads” was _____ who killed the king in the 17th century.A. Oliver CromwellB. Robert BurnsC. Winston ChurchillD. Robin Hood13. By whom is a “vote of no confidence” decided?A. The House of CommonsB. The House of LordsC. The Prime MinisterD. The two big parties14. Which of the following books is written by Geoffrey Chaucer?A. BeowulfB. The Canterbury TalesC. Treasure IslandD. Ivanhoe15. which of the following tragedy written by Shakespeare?A. Dr. FaustusB. FrankensteinC. HamletD. Sense and Sensibility16. In Britain, the greatest majority of parents send their children to _____.A. private schoolsB. public schoolsC. state schoolsD. grammar schools17. Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic of London?A. The cultural centre.B. The business centre.C. The financial centreD. The sports centre.18. Under whose reign was the Bill of Rights passed?A. James IIB. William of OrangeC. Oliver CromwellD. George I19. Which of the following DID NOT belong to Romanticism?A. KeatsB. ShellyC. WordsworthD. Defoe20. Which of the following is a privately funded university in Britain?A. The University of CambridgeB. The University of OxfordC. The University of EdinburghD. The University of Buckingham21. Which of the following is NOT one of the three forces that led to the modern development ofEurope?A. The growth of capitalismB. The RenaissanceC. The Religious ReformationD. The spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church22. The following are the founding fathers of the United States except _____.A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. William PennD. Benjamin Franklin23. “No taxation without representation” was the rallying cry of _____.A. the settlers of VirginiaB. the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 colonies on the eve of the American Revolution24. The following are the writers of the Declaration of Independence except _____.A. Thomas JeffersonB. George WashingtonC. John AdamsD. Benjamin Franklin25. The man who named the American primitive people “Indians” is _____.A. Amerigo VespucciB. Christopher ColumbusC. Henry HudsonD. John Cabot26. The Seven Year’s War was fought between Britain and _____.A. SpainB. HollandC. FranceD. Portugal27. Which of the following states refused to participate in the Constitutional Convention?A. VirginiaB. Rhode IslandC. New YorkD. Maryland28. Which of the following is the only branch that can make federal laws and levy federal taxes?A. The executiveB. The legislativeC. The judicialD. The president29. Which of the following is NOT guaranteed in the Bill of Rights?A. The freedom of religionB. The freedom of searching a person’s home by policeC. The freedom of speech and of the pressD. The right of owning weapon if one wishes30. The New Deal was started by _____.A. Franklin RooseveltB. J. F. KennedyC. George WashingtonD. Thomas Jefferson31. The “American system” of mass production was first used in _____.A. car industryB. textile industryC. firearms industryD. agriculture32. Which of the following is NOT considered as part of the service industry?A. bankingB. management consultationC. airlineD. steelmaking33. The United States was rated the _____ in the world in terms of land area and the size ofpopulation.A. secondB. thirdC. fourthD. fifth34. In which year was the USA rated NO. 1 in terms of production capacity in the world?A. 1920B. 1950C. 1945D. 196035. The USA produces as much as half of the world’s _____.A. wheat and riceB. cottonC. tobacco and vegetable oilD. soybeans and corn36. The latest technology that the American farmers have adopted is _____.A. artificial fertilizersB. pesticideC. tractorsD. computers37. Which of the following was a writer of the post-Revolutionary period?A. Edgar Allan PoeB. Natty BumppoC. Washington IrvingD. Rip Van Winkle38. Which of the following was written by James Fenimore Cooper?A. The Last of the MohicansB. The Legend of the Sleepy HollowC. The Masque of the Red DeathD. Moby Dick39. Which of the following subjects are NOT offered to elementary school students?A. mathematics and languagesB. politics and business educationC. science and social studiesD. music and physical education40. The expenditure in American public schools is guided or decided by _____.A. teachersB. studentsC. headmastersD. boards of education41. Both public and private universities depend on the following sources of income except _____.A. investmentB. student tuitionC. endowmentsD. government funding42. Who was the author of the popular play The Melting Pot?A. Mark TwainB. Stephen CraneC. Henry JamesD. Israel Zangwill43. Which of the following was President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s main concern?A. health careB. personal freedomC. material wealthD. social justice44. Which of the following institutions is responsible for the making of the Internet?A. the US militaryB. the US entertainment industryC. the US film industryD. the US education sector45. Niagara Falls is located in the State of _____.A. New YorkB. VirginiaC. North CarolinaD. South California46. If you visit Alaska, you can see the following except _____.A. northern Polar LightB. glaciersC. surfersD. caribou47. The Everglades, du bbed with the name of “the River of Grass”, is _____ containing a largecollection of wildlife.A. a green riverB. a deep valleyC. a subtropical wetlandsD. a small island48. Michael Jordan is a famous player of _____.A. footballB. basketballC. baseballD. tennis49. Ronald Reagan used to be a _____.A. basketball playerB. sports radio announcerC. conservative political columnistD. sports writer50. Which of the following remarks is NOT true about Hawaii?A. Hawaii is made up of a large group of big and small islandsB. There are numerous active volcanoes in HawaiiC. More than 40 percent of the local residents in Hawaii are American AsiansD. The Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941Fill in the blanks:1.The United Kingdom consists of __________, __________, __________, and _____________.2.The English language has three stages in its history. They are _______________,_______________, _______________.3.The novel Robinson Crusoe was written by____________________.4.The doctrine of the “divine right of kings” held that the sovereign derived his authority from_______, not from _________.5.The party which wins the majority seats in parliament forms ______ and its party leaderbecomes_______.6.Normally a government of the United Kingdom can be in power for____years, and then it hasto resign and hold a general election.7.The “Jewel in the Crown”of the British Empire____, which provided _______ and a bigmarket for British goods, gained independence in 1947.8.Since 1945, the UK has experienced ______ decline rather than _____ decline./doc/d316531671.html, two of the tragedies written by William Shakespeare:___________________, _____________________.10.Charlotte Bronte and Emily Bronte are noted for their respective novel __________________and ____________________ which are largely the love stories ofa woman for a man.11.The author of Ivanhoe was _______________, Charles Dickens novel ___________________tells the story of an orphan child drawn into crime in the London underworld.12.The two oldest universities in Britain are _________________ and _____________________.13.American Indians had developed three brilliant civilizations before the Europeans arrived.They were______, _______, and _______./doc/d316531671.html, two of the taxes imposed on North American colonies by the British Parliament on theeve of the American Revolution: ___________________ and ___________________.15.After the War of Independence was won, the national government was called______, and theagreement that guided the government was________.16.A federal system is one in which power is shared between______ and______with some rightsreserved to each.17.Two major political parties in the USA are_______ and _______.18.The best-known stock exchange is________ located in________ area of New York City.19._______ and ___________ are the two major writers of the post-revolutionary period./doc/d316531671.html, two of Ernest Hemingway’s famous novels: ____________________________, and ___________________________________________.21.About 90% of the American students go to ___________ schools and 10% attend_______________ schools.22.In the Declaration of Independence (1776), Thomas Jefferson wrote the classic words whichwere widely acclaimed as the traditional values by all Americans, they are: “_____, _____, _________”.23.By the 1960s, the Foreign Service began to recruit its members through a highly competitivetest open to all, regardless of______, ______, and________.。

大一英美概况试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The United States of America is commonly referred to as:A. UKB. USAC. USD. America答案：C2. The United Kingdom is located in:A. North AmericaB. South AmericaC. EuropeD. Asia答案：C3. The official language of the United States is:A. SpanishB. FrenchC. EnglishD. German答案：C4. The capital of the United Kingdom is:A. LondonB. ManchesterC. EdinburghD. Glasgow答案：A5. The currency used in the United States is:A. Pound SterlingB. EuroC. DollarD. Yen答案：C6. The population of the United States is approximately:A. 50 millionB. 150 millionC. 300 millionD. 500 million答案：C7. The United Kingdom is a member of the European Union (EU):A. TrueB. False答案：B8. The United States is a federal republic consisting of:A. 50 statesB. 48 statesC. 52 statesD. 46 states答案：A9. The United Kingdom's system of government is:A. MonarchyB. RepublicC. CommunistD. Dictatorship答案：A10. The United States was founded on:A. July 4, 1776B. July 4, 1777C. July 4, 1775D. July 4, 1783答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The largest city in the United States is ________.答案：New York City2. The United Kingdom is made up of four countries: England, Scotland, Wales, and ________.答案：Northern Ireland3. The national anthem of the United States is called________.答案：The Star-Spangled Banner4. The United Kingdom's national anthem is ________.答案：God Save the Queen5. The United States is bordered by ________ to the north and Mexico to the south.答案：Canada6. The United Kingdom's national flag is known as the________.答案：Union Jack7. The President of the United States is elected for a term of ________ years.答案：four8. The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is the head of the ________.答案：government9. The United States is divided into three main regions: the Northeast, the South, and the ________.答案：West10. The United Kingdom is part of the ________ continent.答案：European三、简答题（每题10分，共30分）1. Describe the political system of the United States.答案：The United States has a federal system of government with three branches: the legislative (Congress), the executive (President), and the judicial (Supreme Court). The President serves as both the head of state and the head of government.2. Explain the role of the Queen in the United Kingdom.答案：The Queen is the constitutional monarch of the United Kingdom and serves as the symbol of national unity. Her role is largely ceremonial, and she does not have direct political power.3. What are the main cultural influences in the United States? 答案：The United States has a diverse cultural landscape influenced by its indigenous peoples, European settlers, African slaves, and immigrants from all over the world. The main cultural influences include Native American traditions, European heritage, African American culture, and the melting pot of immigrant cultures.四、论述题（30分）Discuss the historical significance of the AmericanRevolution and its impact on the development of the United States.答案：The American Revolution was a pivotal event in world history that led to the birth of the United States as an independent nation. It marked the end of British colonialrule and the beginning of a new era of self-governance. The Revolution was significant because it was the firstsuccessful colonial revolt against a major European power. It also set a precedent for other colonies seeking independence and inspired movements for democracy and self-determination around the world. The impact of the American Revolution isstill felt today in the form of the democratic principles and values enshrined in the U.S. Constitution and Bill of Rights, which continue to shape the nation's political and social landscape.。

ExercisesExercise 1一、是非题Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False：（）1. The Articles of Confederation is the oldest written constitution in the world.（）2. America is a name given by Columbus.（）3. The United Kingdom is a federal，not a unitary state.（）4. The Anglo-Saxon Conquest was important in English history because it laid the foundation on which the English nation was to be formed.（）5. To the west of Great Britain is the second largest island known as Scotland.（）6. The checks and balance system in America was based on division of power.（）7. London，the capital of the UK，is situated on the Severn River near its mouth.（）8. The Great Charter was signed in 1215 by King John.（）9. James I was the king who was executed during the English Bourgeois Revolution.（）10. The Chartist Movement finally succeeded and it constituted a glorious page in the history of the workers’ struggle for liberation.（）11. Grammar schools emphasize academic studies and teach a wide range of subjects.（）12. Members of Parliament （MPs）are those who inherit the noble titles.（）13. British people chose Franklin Roosevelt as Prime Minister in 1940 when the W.W. II broke out.（）14. Henry VII was responsible for the founding the Church of England.（）15. The destruction of the Spanish Armada not only established the position of England as a major sea power but also paved the way for its foreign expansion.（）16. It was the Angles who gave their name to England and the English people.（）17. The first successful English colony in North America was planted in Virginia in 1620.（）18. The Wars of the Roses affected the ordinary people very much.（）19. The Queen formally appoints all government office holders except the Prime Minister.（）20. The Hundred Year’s War refers to the intermittent war between France and England that lasted from 1337 to 1453.二、名词解释Explain the following terms in English：1. The Great Depression2. Industrial Revolution3. Melting Pot4. Black Death5. American Constitution三、简答题Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions.1. When was the Second War with England in American history？2. What are the two major political parties in Britain？3. What is the general climate in Britain？4. Which American president was involved in Watergate Affair？5. What is the most important river in Britain？四、论述题Write between 100-150 words on the following topic：Norman Conquest and its influence？参考答案一、1~5 FFFTF 6~10 TFTFF 11~15 TFFFT 16~20TFFFT二、1.On October 24，1929，the American stock market crashed. Billions of dollars of paper profits were wiped out within a few hours. This led to a long economic depression.2. The Industrial Revolution refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequences in social and economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Britain was the first country to industrialize. The Industrial Revolution in Britain first began in the textile industry.3. Since the United States is a nation of many ethnic groups，it is also known as a ―melting pot，‖ meaning immigrants from different nations all over the world have mixed to make up the American nation.4. Black Death was the modern name given to the deadly bubonic plague，an epidemic disease spread by rat fleas. It spread through Europe in the 14th century. It swept through England in the summer of 1348 without warning. It killed many people. As a result of the plague，much land was left untended and there was a terrible shortage of labor.5. The Constitution of the United States is the basic instrument of American government and the supreme law of the land. It is the oldest written constitution in the world. It was drawn up in 1787 and went into effect in 1789. It founded federalism and introduced checks and balances into government for the first time in history.三、1. The Second War between America and England was during 1812~1814.2. The two major political parties in Britain are Conservative Party and Labor Party.3. Britain enjoys maritime climate.4. Richard Nixon was involved in Watergate Scandal.5. The most important river in Britain is Thames River.四In 1066 the army of William，Duke of Normandy，defeated King Harold’s troops. He was crowned King of England. He then built a string of defense castle ensure his military control of the whole country. This is the Norman Conquest in British history. After the Norman Conquest，William the Conqueror confiscated almost all the land and gave it to his Norman followers. He replaced the weak Saxon rule with a strong Norman government. So the feudal system was completely established，England. Relations with the Continent were opened. The civilization and commerce were extended. Norman-French culture，language，manners，and architecture ere introduced.一、是非题Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False：（）1. The Bill of Rights is the term for the first twelve amendments to the Constitution.（）2. The stock market crash in 1929 was the beginning of a long economic depression in the U. S. （）3. George Washington was the first president of the United States.（）4. The system of the parliamentary government of the U.K. is based on a written constitution. （）5. Benjamin Franklin alone drafted the Declaration of Independence，and on July 4，1776，the Congress adopted the declaration.（）6. Britain was the first country to start the Industrial Revolution which contributed to the establishment of the British Empire.（）7. The word English means ―the language that belongs to the Angles.‖（）8. The Pennines are known as the ―Backbone of England‖.（）9. The largest lake in Britain is the Lough Neagh Lake in Wales which covers an area of 397 square kilometers.（）10. Both the First Continental Congress and the Second Continental Congress were held in Boston.（）11. The American Constitution founded feudalism and introduced checks and balances.（）12. The national church in Scotland is also the Church of England.（）13.Of all the English university Oxford and Cambridge are the most prestigious（）14. The House of Lords is now made up of two kinds of Lords：the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal.（）15. William，Duke of Normandy，founded a strong fleet which first beat the Danes at sea and he became known as ―Father of the British Navy.‖（）16. Anglo-Saxons in Britain are believed to be ancestors of the Highland Scots，the Irish and the Welsh people.（）17. After Margaret Thatcher was elected Britain’s first ever woman prime minister in 1979，she adopted a new program to cure the ―British disease‖.（）18. America Vespucci proved that the land discovered by Columbus was not Indian，but a new continent. As a result，the new continent was named after him and became known as America.（）19. Declaration of Independence was formally adopted by the Continental Congress on July 14，1776，a day which has been celebrated each year as Independence Day of the United States.（）20. When the news of American victory at Yorktown reached London，the Parliament voted to end the War and peace negotiation began in 1782.二、名词解释Explain the following terms in English：1. The New Deal2. counterculture movement3. checks and balances4. Constitutional monarchy5. Emancipation ProclamationGive a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions.1. What is the longest river in Britain？2. How long did the Wars of the Roses go on？3. When did American Civil War break out？4. What were the mainstream Americans called？5. What does American Congress consist of？四、论述题Write between 100-150 words on the following topic：Cold War参考答案一、1~5 FTTFF 6~10 TTTFF 11~15 FFTTT 16~20 FTTFT二、1. It refers to a series of measures taken by Franklin Roosevelt in 1932 to prevent the possible collapse of the American economic and political system.2. It was a movement of revolt in the 1960s against the moral values，the aesthetic standards，the personal behavior, and the social relations of conventional society.3. Each of the three branches of the government——the legislative，the executive and the judicial——has part of the powers but not all the power. Each branch can check，or block，the actions of the other branches. The three branches are thus in balance. This is called ―checks and balances‖.4. A constitutional monarchy is a county in which head of the state is a king or a queen. In practice，the Sovereign reigns，but does not rule. In English history，constitutional monarchy was established after Glorious Revolution in 1688.5. On September 22，1862 during American Civil War，Lincoln issued the famous document Emancipation Proclamation which would become effective on January 1，1863. it provided that all the black slaves in the rebelling states were freed and they were welcome to join the armed forces of the Union.三、1. The longest river in Britain is Severn river.2. The War of the Roses went on for 30 years.3. American Civil War began in 1861.4. The mainstream Americans are called WASPs.5. American Congress consists of Senate and House of Representatives.四、Some historians say that the world entered Cold War immediately after the Second World War ended. The conflicts arose basically from the separate concepts of postwar world order. The United States，relying on its large economic and military strength，tried to play the role of world police under the pretext of fighting against the Soviet expansion. The Soviet Union put forward the theory that there could be no long-term peaceful coexistence between socialism and capitalism and the Soviet Union should rapidly build up its strength for the final struggle against capitalism，represented by the United States and Britain. Cold War was characterized by international tension and conflicts withoutbloody ―hot war‖ between the Soviet Union and the United States. Cold War did not end until after the collapse of Berlin Wall in 1989.Exercise 3I. Direction：Read the following unfinished statements of questions carefully. For each unfinished statement of question four suggested answers A；B，C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on your answer sheet1. There are ______ political divisions on the island of Great Britain.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four2. Magna Carta had altogether 63 clauses of which the most important matters could be seen in three of the following except _______.A. no tax should be made without the approval of the Grand Council；B. no serf should be arrested，imprisoned or deprived of his property except by the law of the landC. London and other towns should retain their ancient rights and privilegesD. There should be the same weights and measures through - out the country.3. The first steam engine was devised by Thomas Newcomer at the end of the 17th century，and the Scottish inventor ________ modified and improved the design in 1765.A. Abraham DarbyB. James WattC. John KayD. Richard Arkwright4. In some areas factory farming methods are used，particularly for ________.A. growing cropB. producing milkC. catching fishD. rearing poultry5. By tradition，the leader of the majority party is appointed ______ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom.A. Prime MinisterB. Member of ParliamentC. Lord of AppealD. Speaker of the House6. Under the Anglo - Irish Treaty，Britain established _______ with dominion status in Ireland in 1921.A. the Anglican Church of IrelandB. the Irish Free StateC. the Irish Republican ArmyD. the Anglo - Irish Intergovernmental Council7. Irish broadcasting began in ______ in a small studio called Dublin Broadcasting Station.A. 1906B. 1916C. 1926D. 19368. _______ realized that he could win support for the Union at home and abroad by making the war a just war against slavery.A. Frederick DouglassB. George WashingtonC. John AdamsD. Abraham Lincoln9. But even after the abolition of slavery，organized or individual discrimination was practiced against ______.A. Chinese – AmericansB. American IndiansC. Japanese – AmericansD. black Americans10. From 1948 to 1966 average yearly growth in real spendable earnings was ______ percent in the United States.A. 1.1B. 2.1C. 3.1D. 4.111. After a period of prosperity （1920 ~ 1929），government involvement in the economy increased _________.A. during the Great DepressionB. after the WW IC. after the WW IID. during the Cold War12. The United States grows nearly _____ of the world's grain and supplies a half of all the exports of grain in the world.A. one thirdB. one fourthC. one sixthD. one seventh13. Through the Department of _____，the President is responsible for the protection of Americans abroad and of foreign nationals in the United States.A. StateB. JusticeC. LaborD. Defense14. The community college embodies ________ belief that an education should be practical as well as liberal.A. George Washington'sB. Thomas Jefferson'sC. Abraham Lincoln'sD. Franklin Roosevelt's15. The exploratory voyage made by ______ brought to a close to an era of European discovery of Australia that had lasted nearly two hundred years.A. Arthur PhilipB. Mathew FlindersC. Port JacksonD. Peter Lalor16. After the outbreak of the First World War，Australia followed Britain's lead and declared war on ________.A. JapanB. TurkeyC. ItalyD. Germany17. The European discovery of Canada can be traced back to the end of the ______ century.A. 14thB. 15thC. 16thD. 17th18. Northern provinces and territories tale up _____ of Canada.A. halfB. two thirdsC. one thirdD. four fifths19. In New Zealand，hydroelectricity from rivers and dams supplies ________ of total energy.A. 15%B. 16%C. 17%D. 18%20. In the United States，Halloween is night - time ______ holiday.A. children'sB. men'sC. women'sD. old men's21. Australia is generally divided into the following three topographical regions except _____.A. the Great Western PlateauB. the OutbackC. the Eastern HighlandsD. the Central Eastern Lowlands22. In Britain the succession order of the Crown can be altered only by common consent of _____.A. all members of the royal familyB. the House of Lords and the House of CommonsC. cabinet and ministryD. the countries of the Commonwealth23. New Zealand is the world's largest exporters of ________.A. lambB. expertiseC. honeyD. potatoes24. Today _____ is Ireland's most influential daily.A. the Irish PressB. the Irish IndependenceC. the Irish TimesD. the Irish Daily25. In the United States，_____ is a leading commercial crop in the South.A. cottonB. tobaccoC. peanutD. appleII. Directions Read each of the following statements carefully and see if it is true of false. Put T if you think it is true of F if you think it is false in the corresponding space on you answer sheet.1. ______ William Walworth launched the Peasant Revolt of 1381 in England.2. ______ In the English Civil War，the Puritans were not the King's opponents.3. ______ The Chartists could be roughly divided into two groups：the Moral Force Chartists and the Physical Force Chartists.4. ______ In Britain，changes of Government do not involve changes in departmental staff，who continue to carry out their duties whichever party is in power.5. ______ The British criminal law presumes the innocence of the accused until he has been proven guilty beyond reasonable doubt.6. ______ As committed to the goal of a united Ireland，Dublin refuses to negotiate a settlement of the problem of Northern Ireland with London.7. ______ After the abolition of slavery，organized or individual discrimination was never practiced against black Americans.8. ______ When the Korean War broke out in June，1950，Truman sent the 7th Fleet to the Taiwan Straits to prevent the PLA from liberating Taiwan.9. ______ Canada possesses rich and vast natural resources which are significant in the Canadian10. ______ The rich green mountains and valleys make New Brunswick Nova Scotia，Prince Edward island，and Newfoundland the most beautiful in Canada.11. ______ The minerals and energy industry is supplementary to the Australian economy.12. ______ Captain Matthew Flinder's exploratory voyage to Australia between 1802 and 1803 brought a close to an era of European discovery.13. ______ In 1995，about 14% of the US population lived under the poverty line.14. ______ In 1948，Ireland voted itself out of the British Common wealth.15. ______ Formal education in the United States consists of elementary，secondary and higher education.III. Directions：For each of the following blanks，only one word is suitable. Write the word in the corresponding space on your answer sheet.1. The England Civil War not only overthrew _____ in England，but also undermined the feudal rule in Europe.2. Two of the most important literary writers of the late 17th Century England were _____ and _____. Both were Puritans.3. During the WW II，the leaders of the United States，the Soviet Union and Britain met at ______，_______ and _______ conferences.4. The American War of Independence show that a ______ nation can defeat a _______ one.5. Canada's early economic development was founded on a number of resource - based ______：fishing，forestry，_______ and mining.6. Britain is a welfare state which is funded out of ______ and ______.7. The government education departments _____ education policies and are also responsible for the ________ and training of teachers.8. The South's lending industries are those that make use of the _______ supply of natural resources and _____ materials.9. The Senate serves a term of _____ years，and every two years，_______ of the Senators stands for re - election.10. Fianna Fail continues to demand that the British be withdrawn from ______ but it opposes the use of violence to achieve this goal.11. Australia's two territories are Australian Capital Territory and ________.12. Australia's rural children can learn their lessons through a radio educational system called _____.13. According to the Treaty of Waitangi，if Maori owners wanted to sell _______，only the Crown had the right to ______.14. Mrs. Thatcher's government used both _____ and _______ policies to improve the efficiency of the British economy in the 1980's.15. In 1885 ________ was completed and the country was linked from coast to coast.16. Ireland is a ______ republic and a unitary state under the 1937 Constitution.17. The highest peak of Britain is ______. It is about ________ meters high，located in the Highlands of Scotland.18. ________ is the largest and most populous of the three political divisions on the island of Great19. In the 1770s _______ visited New Zealand and claimed it for England.20. The New York Stock Market crash of 1929 marked the beginning of ________.21. By 1918 car _______ had reached 2.5 million，which showed the United States was on the way to becoming a nation on ______.22. The Paris Conference ending the First World War was dominated by the Big Four：the United States，_______，France，and _______.23. Many of Canada's earliest settlements were founded by fur traders and _______.24. Besides the Great Lakes，Canada is also endowed with three "inland seas"，known as _______，Lake Winnipeg and ________.25. In the UK，the party which wins the second largest number of seats in the House becomes _______，with is one leader，and forms a ________.26. The Governor - General of a Commonwealth state is appointed by the Queen on the advice of ______ of the country concerned and completely independent of the British Government.27. In 1453 England was at last defeated in the ______ Years War. At that time power in England was in the hands of a number of rich and ______ nobles.28. During the First Civil War of the England Bourgeois Revolution，those who stood on the side of the king were called ________ and those who supported the Parliament were called ______ because of their short haircuts.29. The legislative body in the province of Quebec is called the "National Assembly" while in Newfoundland it is called ________.30. Canadian law has its source in ______ and judicial _____，and also in British "common law".31. During World War II，Australian women took over the _______ left vacant by men who were engaged in the _______ effort.IV. Directions：Explain the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on your answer sheet.1. Thatcherism2. diversity of American education3. the Canadian Shield4. Australia's service industries5. the New DealV. Directions：Give a brief answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on your answer sheet.1. Look at a physical map of the United States and find out and name the main monition ranges，rivers and lakes in the United States.2. How many constituencies are there in Britain today？How many members are there in the House of Commons？3. What were the effects of European settlement on the Aborigines？4. Sinn FeinVI. Directions：Write between 100 ~ 150 words on the following topic in the corresponding space onyour answer sheet.Tell briefly the history of the two - party system in the United States. What are the characteristics of the two major parties in the United States today？参考答案I. 1-5. CBBDA 6-10. BCDDB 11-15. ABABB 16-20. DBDCA 21-25. BDACAII. 1-5. FFTTT 6-10. FFTTT 11-15. FTTFTIII.1. the feudal system2. John Bunyon，John Milton3. Teheran；Yalta；Potsdam4. strong5. industry；agriculture6. contributions national insurance，taxation7. formulate；supply8. abundant；raw9. one，one third 10. Northern Ireland 11. Northern Territory 12. School of the air 13. land；buy 14. macroeconomic，microeconomic 15. the Canadian Pacific Railway 16. Parliamentary 17. Ben Nevis；1，3000 18. England 19. Captain James Cook 20. the Great Depression 21. registration；wheels 22. Britain；Italy 23. trappers 24. Great Bear Lake；Great Slave Lake 25. the Opposition，Shadow cabinet 26. the ministers 27. Hundred，ambitious 28. Cavaliers，Roundheads 29. House of Assembly 30. Acts；decisions 31. jobs，warsIV.1. ThatcherismThe election of 1979 returned the Conservative Party to power and Margaret Thatcher became the first woman prime minister in Britain. Her policies are popularly referred to as Thatcherism. It included the return to private ownership of state - owned industries，the use of monetarist policies to control inflation，the weakening of trade unions，the strengthening of the role of market forces in the economy，and an emphasis on law and order.2. diversity of American educationDiversity is considered to be an outstanding characteristic of American education. This can be seen not only in type，size and control of the institutions，but educational policies and practices. As is stated by the Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution，education is a function of the state，not the federal government. As each state has the freedom to develop its own school system and delegates its power over education to local districts，many variations can be found in the education system of the 50 states.3. the Canadian ShieldThe Canadian Shield is a semicircular band of rocky highlands and plateaus around Hudson Bay from the northern shores of Quebec to the Arctic shores of the Northwest Territories. It is a region of rounded hills，and tens of thousands of lakes and swamps.4. Australia's service industriesService industries are also called "tertiary industry". This sector now includes an additional "quaternary" level，which covers the research，processing and storage of information. Australia's service sector is the fastest growing one. It has been growing in importance，due to higher living standards and greater demand for more and better transport and housing，and the expansion by government of educational，health and welfare services.5. the New DealIn order to deal with the Depression，President Franklin Roosevelt put forward the New Dealprogram. It passed a lot of New Deal laws and set up many efficient social security systems. The New Deal helped to save American democracy and the development of American economy.V.1. Look at a physical map of the United States and find out and name the main monition ranges，rivers and lakes in the United States.There are two main mountain ranges in the United States. They are the Appalachian Mountains and the Rocky Mountains. There are many important rivers in the United States. The Mississippi River and its two branches，the Missouri River and the Ohio River，flow south to the Gulf of Mexico. On the Pacific side there are two great rivers：the Colorado River and the Columbia River. The Rio Grande River forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the United States. Other well known rivers include the Hudson River which meets the Atlantic Ocean at New Yurk and the Potomac boarding the national capital of Washington. The most important lakes in the United States are the Great Lakes. They are Lake Superior，Lake Michigan，Lake Huron，Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. They are all located between Canada and the United States except Lade Michigan.2. How many constituencies are there in Britain today？How many members are there in the House of Commons？To hold general elections，Britain is divided into 651 constituencies，each of which returns one member to the House of Commons. There are 651 members in the House of Commons.3. What were the effects of European settlement on the Aborigines？White settlement in 1788 proved disastrous for the Aborigines. （1）Aboriginal culture and society were totally disrupted because of a total conflict of cultures. （2）The loss o land to white people led to the breakdown of their tribal life because Aboriginal culture was based on the land. （3）After losing their land，Aborigines became dependent on white handouts. They copied the European habit of drinking alcohol，which destroyed large numbers of Aborigines. （4）The whites also brought many diseases which the Aborigines had no resistance to. （5）All these，combined with the violence between Europeans and Aborigines resulted in the drastically reduction in Aboriginal population. The Aborigines have always been in unfavorable position ever since 1788. The Aborigines still face legal，political，economic and social discrimination today.4. Sinn FeinSinn Fein was the Irish guerrilla movement that wrested independence from the British in 1921. It spit in 1921 over the Anglo - Irish Treaty and became two parties，Fianna Fail and Fine Gael，which remains to be the two major political parties in Ireland today.VI.Tell briefly the history of the two - party system in the United States. What are the characteristics of the two major parties in the United States today？There nave been four periods in the history of the two - party system in the United States.（1）During the Ratification period，the first two major parties appeared. They were the Federalists and the Anti - Federalists. After the adoption of the Bill of Rights，the Anti - Federalists began to call themselves Democratic - Republicans. The Federalists gradually disintegrated. （2）After the 1828 election of Andrew Jackson，the Democratic - Republican Party split. The main faction led by Jackson was called the Whig Party which formed in 1834. As the struggle over slavery intensified，the majority。

英美概况考试题及答案<i> 考试</i>学年学期：课程名称：教学秘书签字：专业班级：姓名：学号：Multiple Choice1.Britain does not share land border with any other countries except.A. FranceB. HollandC. ItalyD. The Republic of Ireland2.The island of Great Britain is divided into parts.A. 3B. 4C. 5D. 23.The second longest river in the United Kingdom is the __ .A. Thames RiverB. Clyde RiverC. Severn RiverD. Seine River4.The largest river in the United Kingdom, which runs 356 kilometers and empties into the Bristol Strait, is ______________ .A. the Seven RiverB. the Clyde RiverC. the Thames RiverD. the Potomac River5. ___ oil and gas have made Britain largely self-sufficient inthese vital fuels.A. The AtlanticB. The PacificC. The Red SeaD. The North Sea6.The climate of Britain is one.A. ContinentalB. tropicalC. temperateD. subtropical7.Britain’s major minerals are coal, iron ore, tin ore, lead ore, oil and gas, among which _______ and ____ are the most important.A. coal...lead ore B. coal ...iron ore C. iron ore...tin ore D. coal (i)8.In the Highlands of Scotland stands ____ , Britain’s highest mountain towering 1300 meters.A. the PenninesB. Ben NevisC. The Southern UplandsD. Cumbria9.The largest lake in the U.K. is .A. Lough ErneB. Lake NessC. Lough NeaghD. Lake Lomond10.The main rivers parting in Great Britain runs from _ t o ___A. north…eastB. south…westC. central…eastD. north…south11.The weather in Great Britain conditions vary rapidly because of .A.the much rainfallB. a little sunshineC.the edge of European continental anticycloneD.a series of cyclonic depressions from Ireland or Greenland12.Of the three parts of Great Britain, __ is the smallest bothin area and population.A. ScotlandB. EnglandC. WalesD. Irland13.The most important river in the United Kingdom is _ .A. the Clyde RiverB. the Seven RiverC. the Thames RiverD. the Forth River14.Among the four administrative units the most populous and developed is ___ .A. ScotlandB. EnglandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland15.In Scotland there is the Clyde River, on which is situated a ship-building center --- ___________ .A. BelfastB. LondonC. GlasgowD. Manchester16.The Towns in Scotland are called .A. CountriesB. shiresC. communitiesD. burghs<i> 考试</i>17.Big Ben is a famous in London.A. StatueB. bridgeC. hotelD. clock18.The Port of London is Britain’s most important __ .A. SeaportB. airportC. railway stationD. military base19.The famous Speaker’s Corner is an area i nside ___, London, where speakers address thepublic, especially on Sundays.A. the West EndB. Hyde ParkC. WhitehallD. Westminster Abbey20.The Westminster Abbey is the place where ___ .A.the British royal residence in London is located.B.Almost all English kings and queens have been crownedC.The British Prime Minister livesD.The British Parliament is located21.Buckingham Palace is the London residence for _ .A. the King or QueenB. the Prime MinisterC. the Speaker of the CommonsD. the Lord Chancellor of the Upper House22.The London residence for the King or Queen is _ .A. Hyde ParkB.Buckingham PalaceC. No. 10 Down StreetD.The East End23.The famous street where offices of the most important ministries of the United Kingdom arelocated, is ____ .A. Downing StreetB. Wall StreetC. WhitehallD. Broadway24.London, the capital of the United Kingdom, is situated on __ near its mouth.A. the Thames RiverB. the Severn RiverC. the Clyde RiverD. the Tees River25.Britain’s largest manufacturing industry is .A. textile industryB. iron and steel industryC. oil-producing industryD. aircraft industry26.Britain once reigned supreme in the world of __ industry.A. PaperB. electronicC. mineralD. textile27.One of the main characteristics of British economy is ___ .A.the purchase of raw materials and the sale of manufacturedgoods abroad.B.To import oil from abroadC.To sell coal abroadD.To exchange goods with foreign nations so as to get vital foodstuffs and manufacturedgoods28.The main agricultural products in Britain are _____ , barley, potatoes, sugar-beets and oats.A. RiceB. wheatC. tobaccoD. peanuts29.It was the who brought the English language into England.A. Anglo-saxonsB. CeltsC. NormansD. Danes30.as a nation took shape as a result of the unification of the seven warring kingdoms in827.A. ScotlandB. WalesC. IrelandD. England31.The English language belongs to _ .A. the Indo-EuropeanB. the Hamito-SemiticC. the Sino-TibetanD. the Altaic32.The two major political parties in Britain are the Conservative Party and the _____ .A. Republican PartyB. Democratic PartyC. Labour PartyD. Liberal Party<i> 考试</i>33.The Liberal Party, the third largest party of the United Kingdom, developed from the ____________ in1839.A. Whig PartyB. Tory PartyC. Conservative PartyD. Labour Party34.______________________ Of all the English universities andare the most well- known.A. Oxford University … Eton UniversityB. OxfordUniversity…Cambridge UniversityC.Eton College …Winchests CollegeD. Harvard…Yale35.The grammar school in modern Britain _ .A.offers only grammar lessons to pupilsB.emphasizes academic studies and offers more subjects than any other secondary schoolsC.make a point of giving practical instructions which are considered to be of help in thepupils’ future workD.only takes in the pupils who are interested in grammar36.The is an examination taken at about the age of eleven,to decide which type ofsecondary school a British child will attend.A. Eleven-plusB. “Eleven Tests”C. Eleven-minusD. Eleventh Test37.The Redbrick universities are those including all the provincial universities of the period1850-1930, with __ as a representative.A. OxfordB. CambridgeC. London UniversityD. Polytechnics38.are the foundation-layers of the English education.A. Grammar schoolsB. Secondary modern schoolsC. Public schoolsD. Nursery schools39.is the nickname of Britain.A. Uncle SamB. John ArbuthnotC. Robin HoodD. John Bull40.Most British couples have their wedding ceremony _ with the bride dressed in ____ .A. at home…a long pink dressB. in a park…a short skirtC. in the church…a long white dressD. in the open…a short blue skirt41.The best-known quality of the British people is exclusiveness. One of the important reasons isthe special geographical location of Britain. The other is ______ .A. its Industrial RevolutionB. its separate nationalityC. the cutting-off of BritainD. the distinct development of its history.42.i s the English sense of humor.A. Self-importanceB. Self-confidenceC. Self-deprecatingD. Self-knowing43.Which of the following holidays is Not celebrated in Britain?A. EasterB. ChristmasC. Thanksgiving DayD. April Fool’s Day44.On __ the British people hold dances, games, etc. to welcome spring.A. Christmas DayB. New Year’s DayC. May DayD. April Fool’s Day45.April Fool’s Day is on .A. 1st of AprilB. 2nd of AprilC. 20th of AprilD. 30th of April46.When you are invited to a dinner, you must __ .A. be punctualB. be a little lateC. be sure to attendD. be a little early47.Children reach their adolescence when they are __years of age.A. eight or nineB. ten or elevenC. thirteen or fourteenD. seventeen or eighteen48.In Britain the “__ ” emergency dialing service is free of charge, by which people are quiteconvenient to be connected rapidly to police, ambulance or fire service.A. 999B. 109C. 119D. 303<i> 考试</i>49.In Britain only taxi drivers and waiters are permitted to accept a tip, which is usually an extra__ of the price of the fare or meal.A. tenth or eighthB. twentiethC. halfD. 80%50.The British people are great lovers of betting. The most money they bet mainly on _____ .A. horse racingB. BingoC. football poolsD. dog racingFill in the blanks.1.The full name of the United Kingdom is ___ and ____ .2.The island of Great Britain is made up of ____ , __ and ___ .3.The United Kingdom has been a member of ____ since 1973.4.London plays a significant role in ___ economic and cultural life. It’s not only the financial__ of the nation, but also one of _________ major international financial centers in ________________________ .5.Britain consists of ______ nations, including England, ________ , ______ and.6.The capital of Britain is ____ , which has great influence on the UK in all fields including__ , ___ and ___. two Scottish cities which have ancient and internationally respected universities: ____and ____ .8.Both the Scottish and Welsh people elect their members of parliaments to the LondonParliament and each holds ___ and ___ seats respectively.9.The capital of Scotland is ______ , which is well-known for its natural ___ .10.Although Wales is the smallest of the three nations on the _ mainland, it’s good at getting___ from abroad, particularly Japan and ____ .<i> 考试</i>DAAAD CDBCD DCcBC DDABB ABCAB DABAD ACABB ACCDC DCCBA ACAAAthe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandEngland; Scotland; WalesEuropean UnionBritain’s; center; the three; the worldfour, Scotland, Wales, Northern IrelandLondon, government, economy, cultureGlasgow, Edinburgh72, 38Edinburgh, beautyBritish, investment, America。

《英美概况》试题（附标准答案）《英美概况》试题(附答案)————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：《英美概况》I. Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices:1. The highest mountain in Britain is ____.A. ScafellB. Ben NevisC. the CotswoldsD. the Forth2. The longest river in Britain is _____.A. the ClydeB. the MerseyC. the SevernD. the Thames3. The largest lake in Britain is _____.A. the Lough NeageB. Windermere WaterC. Coniston WaterD. the Lake District4. Which part of Britain is always fighting?A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northem Ireland5. The immigrants coming to Britain are mainly from _____.A. EuropeB. the United StatesC. AfricaD. the West Indies,6. The first inhabitants in Britain were _____.A. the NormansB. the CeltsC. the IberiansD. the Anglo-Saxons7. British Recorded history began with _____.A.Roman invasionB. the Norman ConquestC. the Viking and Danish invasionD. the Anglo-Saxons invasion8. In 829, _____ actually became the overlord of all the English.A. JohnB. James IC. EgbertD. Henry I9. Christmas Day ____, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.A. 1056B. 1066C. 1006D. 106010. Henry II was the first king of the _____ dynasty.A. WindsorB. TudorC. MalcolmD. Plantagenet11. In 1265 ____ summoned the Great Council, which has been seen as the earliest parliament.A. Henry IIIB. the PopeC. BaronsD. Simon de Montfort12. The Hundred Years’ w ar starte d in ____ and ended in ____, in which the English had lost all the territories of France except the French port of ____.A. 1337, 1453, FlandersB. 1337, 1453, CalaisC. 1346, 1453, ArgencourtD. 1346, 1453, Brest13. The Wars of Roses lasted for _____ years and king _____ was replaced by king _____.A.30, Richard III, Henry TudorB. 50, Richard III, Henry TudorB.C. 30, Richard I, Henry Tudor D. 50, Richard I, Henry Tudor14. The Renaissance began in ____ in the early ____ century.A. England, 14B. England, 15C. Italy, 14D. Italy, 1515. The English Civil War is also called _____.A. the Glorious RevolutionB. the Bloody RevolutionC. the Catholic RevolutionD. the Puritan Revolution16. In _____, a small group of Puritans sailed from _____ in the Mayflower to be the first settlers in the North America.A. 1620, LondonB. 1620, PlymouthC. 1720, LondonD. 1720, Plymouth17. In the 18th century, there appeared ____ in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines.A. the Industrial RevolutionB. the Bourgeois RevolutionC. the Wars of the RosesD. the Religious Reformation18. English colonial expansion began with the colonization of _____ in 1583.A. CanadaB. AustraliaC. IndiaD. Newfoundland19. _____ was famous for his abdication because of his marriage with a divorced American:A. Edward VIIIB. Edward VIIC. George VID. George VII20. In January _____ Britain became a member of the European Economic Community.A. 1957B. 1967C. 1973D. 197921. soon after _____, Britain not only gave up its econmic hegemony but also suffered a deep loss of its position ofindustrial leadership.A. 1900B. the First World WarC. the Second World WarD. 196022. In the 1970s among the developed countries, Britain maintained the lowest _____ rate and the highest _____ rate.A. inflation, growthB. growth, inflationC. growth, divorceD. growth, birth23. The following are all reasons of British decline of coal industry except _____.A.the exhaustion of old minesB. costly extractionB.C. little money being invested D. the labour shortage24. Britain’s foreign trade is mainly with _____.A. developing countriesB. other Commonwealth countriesC. other developed countriesD. EC25. The House of Lords is presided over by _____.A. the Lord ChancellorB. the QueenC. the Archbishop of CanterburyD. the Prime Minister26. A General Election is held every _____ years and there are _____ members of Parliaments are elected.A. five, 600B. five, 650C. five, 651D. four, 65127. The Prime Minister is appointed by _____ and he or she always sits in _____.A. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of CommonsB. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of LordsC. the Queen, the House of CommonsD. the Queen, the House of Lords28. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in _____.A. the QueenB. the CabinetC. the House of LordsD. the House of Commons29. The sources of British law include _____.A. statutes, common law, equity law and European Community lawB. statutes, common law and equity lawC. statutes, common law and European Community lawD. a complete code and statutes30. In criminal trials by jury, _____ passes sentenced and _____ decide the issue of guilt or innocence.A. the judge, the juryB. the judge, the judgeC. the jury, the juryD. the Lord Chancellor, the jury31. ____ tries the most serious offences such as murder and robbery.A. Magistrates’ courtsB. Youth courtsC. district courtsD. The Crown Court32. London’s Metropolitan P olice Force is under the control of _____.A. the England secretariesB. the Scottish SecretariesC. Northern Ireland SecretariesD. the Home Secretary33. The National Health Service was established in the UK in _____ and based at first on _____.A. 1948, Acts of ParliamentB. 1958, Acts of ParliamentC. 1948, the Bill of RightsD. 1958, the Bill of Rights34. The non-contributory social security benefits include the following except _____.A. war pensionB. child benefitC. family creditD. unemployment benefit35. Except that _____ may not be a Roman Catholic, public offices are open without distinction to members of all churchs or of none.A. the lord ChancellorB. the Prime MinisterC. the SpeakerD. the ministers of all departments36. About 90 per cent of the state secondary school population in the UK attend _____.A. independent schoolsB. junior schoolsC. independent schoolsD. primary schools37. There are some ____ universities, including the Open University.A. 900B. 290C. 90D. 5038. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can _____ by law.A. receive completely free education。

英美概况练习（一）I.Choose one best answer form A, B, C, and D.1. The earliest written records of Britain’s inhabitants came from _________.A. the CeltsB. The RomansC. The NormansD. The Germans2. The person who crushed various rebellions in Ireland and settled English and Scottish Protestants there by giving them land was __________.A. Oliver CromwellB. King Charles IC. William IIID. William the Conqueror3. Christianity was introduced into Britain by _________.A. the CeltsB. The GermansC. the Viking DanesD. The Romans4. England became a Protestant country in _____________.A. the 14th centuryB. the 15th centuryC. the 16th centuryD. the 17th century5. Which of the following is not the three Germanic tribes that came to be the basis of modern English race?A. the Viking DanesB. the AnglesC. the SaxonsD. the Jutes6. Which of the following made people from Commonwealth countries no longer have free entry to the UK and couldn’t claim aut omatic full citizenship?A.1535 Act of UnionB. the Commonwealth Immigrants ActC. 1707 Act of UnionD. the Great Charter7. In the year 1066, William the Conqueror invaded England from France, defeating the Saxon king Harold at _____________.A. the Battle of CrecyB. the Battle of AgincourtC. the Battle of HastingsD. the Battle of Waterloo8. The defeat of the Spanish Armada by the English navy took place during __________.A. the Middle AgesB. the “grab for Africa”C. the Elizabethan ageD. the Victorian age9. The king who believed the “Divine Right” to govern, and who was condemned to death during the English Civil War was ____________.A. Henry VIIIB. James IC. Charles ID. James II10. During the whole of th e sixteenth century, England’s great enemy was ____________.A. SpainB. FranceC. AmericaD. Germany11. One of the following did not take place during the eighteenth century in British history. It was ____________.A. great victories over FranceB. the Industrial RevolutionC. the loss of her American coloniesD. the founding of the modern police force12. Which one of the following is not a characteristic of the Victorian age___________.A. It was an age of national development and National optimism.B. It was an age of stability in family life.C. It was an age of imperialism.D. It was an age of lack of belief in religion.13. Which of the following did not take place after the Second World War in British history?__________________.A.The independence of the colonies of the old British empire.B.The availability of TV sets and cars to almost every home.C.The “suffragette” movement.D.The founding of the “Welfare State”.14. Shakespeare lived in the period of _________.A. the Middle AgesB. the Victorian ageC. the Elizabethan ageD. The Industrial Revolution15. During the whole of the eighteenth century, England’s great enemy was __________.A. SpainB. FranceC. AmericaD. GermanyII. Explain the following terms.1. The Roman Occupation2. The Norman Conquest3. the Hundred Years’ War4. The War of the Roses5. the Elizabethan age6. the English Civil War7. the Glorious Revolution8. the Victorian ageIII. Answer the following questions briefly.1.Who are the Britons?2.Why do the Scots, Welsh or Irish object to being called “English”?3. What great influence did the Romans have on the English Culture?4. What are the main consequences of the Norman Conquest?5. How did the French drive the English from their country at the end of the One-hundred-year War?6. What were the characteristics of the sixteenth century as the beginning of the modern period in English history and European history?7. How did the English Church break away from the central organization of Christianity?8. What were the characteristics of the Elizabethan age?9. What was the consequence of the English Civil War?10. What’s meant by “meet one’s Waterloo”? What’s the origin of the phrase?11. How did the Victorian stability collapse after the death of Queen Victoria?12. How long did the First World War last? How long did the Second World War last?。

大学英美概况试题及答案# 大学英语英美概况试题及答案一、选择题1. 英国的首都是哪里？A. 伦敦B. 爱丁堡C. 曼彻斯特D. 利物浦答案：A2. 美国的独立日是什么时候？A. 7月4日B. 7月14日C. 8月15日D. 9月11日答案：A3. 以下哪个不是英国的传统节日？A. 圣诞节B. 复活节C. 感恩节D. 圣乔治日答案：C4. 美国的官方语言是什么？A. 英语B. 西班牙语C. 法语D. 德语答案：A5. 英国的货币单位是什么？A. 欧元B. 英镑C. 美元D. 日元答案：B二、填空题6. 英国由四个构成国组成，分别是_________、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰。

答案：英格兰7. 美国的首都是_________。

答案：华盛顿哥伦比亚特区8. 英国的国花是_________。

答案：玫瑰9. 美国的人口最多的州是_________。

答案：加利福尼亚州10. 英国的国歌是_________。

答案：《天佑女王》或《天佑国王》三、简答题11. 简述英国的地理位置。

答案：英国位于欧洲大陆西北面，由大不列颠岛和爱尔兰岛的北部以及其他许多小岛组成。

它被北海、英吉利海峡、凯尔特海、爱尔兰海和大西洋所环绕。

12. 描述美国的地理特征。

答案：美国位于北美洲，东临大西洋，西濒太平洋，北接加拿大，南界墨西哥和墨西哥湾。

美国有着多样化的地理特征，包括广阔的平原、高耸的山脉、深邃的峡谷和广阔的森林。

13. 英国和美国在文化上有哪些主要差异？答案：英国和美国虽然共享许多文化元素，但也存在显著差异。

例如，英国人通常更加保守和传统，而美国人则更加开放和自由。

在饮食方面，英国人喜欢喝茶和享用全英式早餐，而美国人则偏爱咖啡和快餐。

此外，英国人重视礼节和等级制度，而美国人则倾向于更加平等和非正式的社交方式。

四、论述题14. 论述英美两国在教育体系上的主要差异。

答案：英国的教育体系强调学术深度和专业研究，学生通常在16岁后选择特定学科进行深入学习。

英美概况练习题I. Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices:The highest mountain in Britain is ____.A. ScafellB. Ben NevisC. the CotswoldsD. the Forth2. The longest river in Britain is _____.A. the ClydeB. the MerseyC. the SevernD. the Thames3. The largest lake in Britain is _____.A. the Lough NeageB. Windermere WaterC. Coniston WaterD. the Lake District4. Which part of Britain is always fighting?A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland5. The immigrants coming to Britain are mainly from _____.A. EuropeB. the United StatesC. AfricaD. the West Indies, Indies and Pakistan6. The first inhabitants in Britain were _____.A. the NormansB. the CeltsC. the IberiansD. the Anglo-Saxons7. British Recorded history began with _____.A. Roman invasionB. the Norman ConquestC. the Viking and Danish invasionD. the Anglo-Saxons invasion8. In 829, _____ actually became the overlord of all the English.A. JohnB. James IC. ElbertD. Henry I9. Christmas Day ____, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.A. 1056B. 1066C. 1006D. 106010. Henry II was the first king of the _____ dynasty.A. WindsorB. TudorC. MalcolmD. Plantagenet11. In 1265 ____ summoned the Great Council, which has been seen as the earliest parliament.A. Henry IIIB. the PopeC. BaronsD. Simon de Montfort12. The Hundred Years’ war stated in ____ and wa s ended in ____, in which the English had lost all the territories of France except the French port of ____.A. 1337, 1453, FlandersB. 1337, 1453, CalaisC. 1346, 1453, AgincourtD. 1346, 1453, Brest13. The Wars of Roses lasted for _____ years and king _____ was replaced by king _____.A. 30, Richard III, Henry TudorB. 50, Richard III, Henry TudorC. 30, Richard I, Henry TudorD. 50, Richard I, Henry Tudor14. The Renaissance began in ____ in the early ____ century.A. England, 14B. England, 15C. Italy, 14D. Italy, 1515. The English Civil War is also called _____.A. the Glorious RevolutionB. the Bloody RevolutionC. the Catholic RevolutionD. the Puritan Revolution16. In _____, a small group of Puritans sailed from _____ in the Mayflower to be the first settlers in the New Land.A. 1620, LondonB. 1620, PlymouthC. 1720, LondonD. 1720, Plymouth17. In the 18th century, there appeared ____ in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines.A. the Industrial RevolutionB. the Bourgeois RevolutionC. the Wars of the RosesD. the Religious Reformation18. English colonial expansion began with the colonization of _____ in 1583.A. CanadaB. AustraliaC. IndiaD. Newfoundland19. _____ was famous for his abdication because of his marriage with a divorced American:A. Edward VIIIB. Edward VIIC. George VID. George VII20. In January _____ Britain became a member of the European Economic Community.A. 1957B. 1967C. 1973D. 197921. Soon after _____, Britain not only gave up its economic hegemony but also suffered a deep loss of its position of industrial leadership.A. 1900B. the First World WarC. the Second World WarD. 196022. In the 1970s among the developed countries, Britain maintained the lowest _____ rate and the highest _____ rate.A. inflation, growthB. growth, inflationC. growth, divorceD. growth, birth23. The following are all reasons of British decline of coal industry except _____.A. the exhaustion of old minesB. costly extractionC. little money being investedD. the labor shortage24. Britain’s foreign trade is mainly with _____.A. developing countriesB. other Commonwealth countriesC. other developed countriesD. EC25. The House of Lords is presided over by _____.A. the Lord ChancellorB. the QueenC. the Archbishop of CanterburyD. the Prime Minister26. A General Election is held every _____ years and there are _____ members of Parliaments are elected.A. five, 600B. five, 650C. five, 651D. four, 65127. The Prime Minister is appointed by _____ and he or she always sits in _____.A. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of CommonsB. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of LordsC. the Queen, the House of CommonsD. the Queen, the House of Lords28. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in _____.A. the QueenB. the CabinetC. the House of LordsD. the House of Commons29. The sources of British law include _____.A. statutes, common law, equity law and European Community lawB. statutes, common law and equity lawC. statutes, common law and European Community lawD. a complete code and statutes30. In criminal trials by jury, _____ passes sentenced and _____ decide the issue of guilt or innocence.A. the judge, the juryB. the judge, the judgeC. the jury, the juryD. the Lord Chancellor, the jury31. ____ tries the most serious offences such as murder and robbery.A. Magistrates’ courtsB. Youth courtsC. District courtsD. The Crown Court32. London’s Metropolitan Police Force is under the control of _____.A. the England secretariesB. the Scottish SecretariesC. Northern Ireland SecretariesD. the Home Secretary33. The National Health Service was established in the UK in _____ and based at first on _____.A. 1948, Acts of ParliamentB. 1958, Acts of ParliamentC. 1948, the Bill of RightsD. 1958, the Bill of Rights34. The non-contributory social security benefits include the following except _____.A. war pensionB. child benefitC. family creditD. unemployment benefit35. Except that _____ may not be a Roman Catholic, public offices are open without distinction to members of all churches or of none.A. the Lord ChancellorB. the Prime MinisterC. the SpeakerD. the ministers of all departments36. About 90 per cent of the state secondary school population in the UK attend _____.A. independent schoolsB. junior schoolsC. independent schoolsD. primary schools37. There are some ____ universities, including the Open University.A. 900B. 290C. 90D. 5038. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can _____ by law.A. receive completely free educationB. receive partly free educationC. receive no free education if their families are richD. receive no free education at all39. With regard to its size, the USA is the _____ country in the world.A. largestB. second largestC. third largestD. fourth largest40. In the following rivers, _____ has been called the American Ruhr.A. the MississippiB. the MissouriC. the HudsonD. the Ohio41. Among the following rivers, _____ forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the U.S.A. the PotomacB. the ColumbiaC. the Rio Grande RiverD. the Colorado42. All the following universities and colleges are located in New England, except _____.A. YaleB. HarvardC. OxfordD. Massachusetts Institute of Technology43. The nation’s capital city Washington D.C. and New York are located in _____.A. the American WestB. the Great PlainsC. the MidwestD. the Middle Atlantic States44. The Midwest in America’s most important _____ area.A. agriculturalB. industrialC. manufacturingD. mining industry45. In the case of Brown versus Board of Education, the Supreme Court ruled that _____.A. separate educational facilities had been illegalB. educational facilities had been separate but equalC. educational facilities had been equalD. separate educational facilities were inherently unequal46. The Chinese Exclusion Act was passed in _____.A. 1882B. 1883C. 1900D. 192447. The first immigrants in American history came from ____ and ____.A. Ireland/FranceB. England/ChinaC. Scotland/EnglandD. England / Netherland48. Uncle Tom’s Cabin and Roots are two novels which give a vivid description of the miserable life of the _____.A. early settlersB. PuritansC. native IndiansD. black slaves49. According to American historians and specialists in demography, there are _____ great population movement in the history of the United States.A. twoB. threeC. fourD. five50. Many early Chinese immigrants worked in the mining industry, especially in the _____.A. gold minesB. silver minesC. coal minesD. copper mines51. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by _____.A. James MadisonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Alexander HamiltonD. George Washington52. On July 4, 1776, _____ adopted the Declaration of Independence.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Third Continental CongressD. the Constitutional Convention53. The victory of _____ was the turning point of the War of Independence.A. SaratogaB. GettysburgC. TrentonD. Yorktown54. Ten amendments introduced by James Madison in 1789 were added to the Constitution. They are knows as _____.A. the Articles of ConfederationB. the Bill of RightC. the Civil RightsD. Federalist Papers55. President Jefferson bought _____ from France and doubled the country’s territory.A. New MexicoB. the Louisiana TerritoryC. KansasD. Ohio56. The Declaration of Independence came from the theory of British philosopher _____.A. Paul RevereB. John LockeC. CornwallisD. Frederick Douglass57. During the WWII, the Axis powers were mainly made up by __.A. Germany, France and JapanB. France, Japan and BritainC. Germany, Italy and BritainD. German, Italy and Japan58. The Progressive Movement is a movement demanding government regulation of the _____ and _____ conditions.A. economy/politicalB. social/politicalC. economy/socialD. political/cultural59. As a result of WWI, _____ was not one of the defeated nations.A. GermanyB. Austro-HungaryC. OttomanD. Russia60. The aim of President Roosevelt’s New Deal was to “save American _____.”A. economyB. politicsC. societyD. democracy61. The longest war that the United States has fought is _____.A. the War of IndependenceB. the Civil WarC. the Vietnam WarD. the Gulf War62. After long and difficult negotiations in Paris, the United States and _____ signed a cease-fire agreement on January 27, 1973.A. South VietnamB. North VietnamC. ChinaD. Vietnam63. President Kennedy inspired many to work to wipe out poverty and to end segregation and voting rights abuses. His Program was called _____.A. the New FreedomB. the New DealC. the New RightD. the New Frontier64. _____, which was passed by Congress in the spring of 1940, made it unlawful for any group to advocate or teach the violent overthrow of government in the United States.A. The Civil Rights ActB. The War Power ActC. The Smith ActD. The Marshall Plan65. It was this trend of conservatism that brought _____ into the White House.A. KennedyB. JohnsonC. NixonD. Reagan66. The second busiest port in the United States is _____.A. New YorkB. HoustonC. Los AngelesD. New Orleans67. In the postwar years government involvement was emphasized when the U.S. adopted ____ theory in running the economy.A. monetaristB. KeynesianC. McCarthismD. New Freedom68. _____ is the country’s leading state in oil and natural gas deposit.A. AlabamaB. VirginalC. TexasD. Georgia69. _____ is the Pacific Coast’s largest and busiest commercial city and the second largest city in population in the U.S.70. Among the following, _____ is not within the power of the U.S. President.A. He can veto laws passed by the CongressB. He appoints federal court judgesC. He is the head of the executive branch of governmentD. He is responsible for the interpretation of the Constitution.71. The “winter-take-all” system applies in all states except _____.A. Rhode IslandB. MaineC. GeorgiaD. Hawaii72. In the dual process by which the Constitution could be charged, amendments must have the approval of _____ of the states before they enter into force.A. one-secondB. two-thirdsC. three-fourthsD. all73. After the 1828 election of _____, the Democratic-Republican Party split.A. Thomas JeffersonB. Andrew JacksonC. Franklin RooseveltD. Abraham Lincoln74. The system of higher education in the U.S. has three principal functions except _____.A. teachingB. researchC. public serviceD. individual service75. What are the focuses of reform happened in the mid-1980s?A. the rising of the standards of teaching and learningB. the raising of the standards of teaching and learningC. eliminating drugs and violence from schoolD. both A and BII. Filling in the blanks:1.The ancestors of the English were ______, while the Scots, Welsh and Irish the ______.2.In the mid-5th century, three Teutonic tribes ______, _____, and _____ invaded Britain. Amongthem, the _____ gave their name to English people.3.In the 8th century, the _____ began to attack the English coasts. Under the leadership of King________ the West Saxons offered resistance.4.The battle of _______ witnessed the death of Harold in October, 1066.5.Under William, the ______ system in England was completely established.6.The Great Charter was established at restricting the power of the ________.7.______ was the deadly bubonic plague, which reduced England’s population from four million to______ million by the end of the 14th century.8.James I and his son Charles I both believed firmly in ______.9.During the Civil War, the Cavaliers supported ________, while the Roundheads supported_______.10.After the Civil War, Oliver Cromwell declared England a ______, later, he became _________.11.The two parties originated with the Glorious Revolution were _____ and _______. The formerwere the forerunners of the ______ Party, the latter were of the ______ party.12.In 1765, the Scottish inventor _____ produced a very efficient _____ that could be applied totextile and other machinery.13.The British Empire began with the founding of ________ in 1583, and fell after the end of________________.14.In the first Civil War, the king’s men were called ______and the supporters of parliament werecalled ________.15.After the Industrial Revolution, Britain became th e “______” of the world.16.During the Second World War ________ led Britain to final victory in 1945.17.The largest immigration movement did not take place until _______.18._________ is a clear explanation of the political theory behind the American War ofIndependence.19.The Union Army defeated the Confederate army at ______, Pennsylvania and it was the turningpoint of the Civil War.20.In 1620, the Pilgrims sailed to the New World in a ship called ______.21.The last war between the United States and Britain was fought between _____ and 1814.22.______, which banned slavery, was added to the Constitution in December, 1865.23.Between 1607 and 1733 the British established _____ colonies along the east coast of NorthAmerica.24.The name of American Indian was given by _______.25.________ was the magic word that drew people to America.26.In the early 1930s, the American foreign policy was _______.27._______ and his Model T helped the Unites States to move on the way to becoming a nation onwheels.28.At the beginning of the Great Depression, the first blow to the stock market came on October 24,1929, called ______.29.During the First World War the U.S. pursued a policy of _____.30.The Japanese attacked __________________ in Hawaii on December 7th , 1941.III. Rearrangement of the following historical events in the order in which they took place:A. 1. ________ a. Norman Conquest2. _________ b. Anglo-Saxon Conquest3. _________ c. the birth of Parliament4. _________ d. Roman Conquest5. _________ e. Danish InvasionB. 1. ________ a. the outbreak of the Wars of the roses2. ________ b. the outbreak of the Hundred Years’ War3. ________ c. the Black Death4. ________ d. the “glorious revolution”5. ________ e. the execution of Charles I6. ________ f. the restoration of Charles IIIV. Translation of the following terms.1.the Hadrian’s Wall:2.Alfred the Great3.William the Conqueror4.the battle of Hastings5.the Great Charter6.the Hundred Years’ War7.Joan of Arc8.the Black Death9.the Wars of Roses10.Bloody Mary11.Elizabeth I12.Oliver Cromwell13.Whigs and Tories14.James Watt15.Winston Churchill16.the Emancipation Proclamation17.the Truman Doctrine:18.the Marshall PlanV. Answering the following questions briefly1.What is the full name of the United Kingdom?2.What are the other names?3.What are the two large islands that make up the British Isles?4.What are the four political divisions of the United Kingdom?5.What’s its respective capital（首府）?6.What’s the national anthem?7.What’s its national flower?8.What’s its national flag?9.What’s its nickname?10.How many countries are there in the British Commonwealth?11.What is the important river in Britain?12.What kind of country is Britain?13.Can you tell me something about the location of Britain?14.What’s the climate like in Britain?15.Why do British people talk about weather very often?16.What are the symbols of England?17.Can you say some of the landmarks of London?18.What are the symbols of Scotland?19.Talk about some of the famous people in different parts of Britain.20.What is the character of the British people?21.Who are the ancestors of the English and who are the ancestors of Scots, Welsh and Irish?22.How many stages is British history divided into during the origins of the nation? How long isit?23.What are the stages?24.The earliest known settlers on the British Isles were ________.25.Christianity was first brought to England by ________.26.What is the unit of currency in the U.K.?27.Which bank is Britain’s central bank?28.Why does London make a top financial center in the world?29.Which area is the major producer of Britain’s microchips? the three big companies in Britain’s energy sector.31.Which is the world’s largest mining company?32.Who made measures to improve the British economy in the 1980’s? What is the nickname forher?33.What kind of measures did Mrs. Thatcher take? the countries of G7 .35.What was the British economy like before the 1880’s?36.What is the basis of the British government?37.Who is the head of the country?38.Who is the present sovereign of the UK?39.How many parts make the British Parliament? And what are they?40.What is the official title for the president of the House of Lords?41.What are the two major parties in the U.K. now?42.Who presides over the cabinet?43.Who has the real power in the country?44.Who is the present Prime Minister of the UK?45.Where does the Prime Minister live and work?46.What are the sources of the laws in the United kingdom?47.The United Kingdom legislation is divided into three states. What are they?48.In England and Wales, what does the Crown Prosecution Service do?49.If the accused is acquitted, can he or she be charged with the specific crime again?50.Who decides the issue of guilt or innocence in criminal trial with a jury?51.What kind of people make up the jury? And how many?52.How many criminal courts are there in England and Wales? And What are they?53.What are the three criminal courts in Scotland?54.Is there a ministry of justice in the United Kingdom? Who is responsible for that?55.Who controls London Metropolitan’s Police force?KeysI. Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices.1. B2. C3. A4. D5. D6. C7. A8. C9. B 10. D 11. D 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D 16. B 17. A18. D 19. A 20. C 21. C 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. C27. C 28. D 29. A 30. A 31. D 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. A 36. D 37. C38. A 39. D 40. D 41.C 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. D 46. A 47. D 48. D49. C 50. A 51. B 52. B 53. A 54. B 55. B 56. B 57. D 58. C 59. D60. D 61. C 62. B 63. D 64. C 65. D 66. D 67. B 68. C 69. C 70. D71. B 72. B 73. B 74. D 75. DII. Fill in the blanks:1.. Anglo-Saxons, Celts2. Jutes, Saxons, Angles, Angles3. Danes, Alfred4. Hastings5. feudal6. King7. Black Death, two8. the Divine Right of Kings9. the king, the Parliament 10. Commonwealth, Lord Protector 11. Whigs, Tories, Liberal, Conservative12. James Watt steam engine 13. Newfoundland, World War II 14. Cavaliers, Roundheads 15. workshop 16. Winston Churchill 17. 1815 18. The Declaration of Independence 19. Gettysburg 20. Mayflower 21. 1812 22. The Thirteenth Amendment 23. 13 24.Chirstopher Columbus 25. Opportunity 26. isolationist 27. Henry Ford 28. the black Thursday 29. pro-Ally partiality 30. Pearl HarborIII. Rearrange the following historical events in the order in which they took place:A. 1. d 2. b 3. e 4. a 5. cB. 1. c 2. b 3. a 4. e 5.b 6.fIV. Explain the following terms.1.the Hadrian’s Wall:哈德良城墙It was one of the two great walls built by the Romans to keep the Picts out of the area they had conquered.2.Alfred the Great阿尔弗雷德大帝Alfred was a strong Saxon king who defeated the Danes and made a peace treaty with them. He was also known as“ the father of the British navy”.3.William the Conqueror统治者威廉William was Duke of Normandy. He landed his army in Oct, 1066 and defeated King Harold.Then he was crowned king of England on Christmas Day the same year. He established a strong Norman government and the feudal system in England.4.the battle of Hastings黑斯廷斯战役In 1066, King Edward died with no heir, the Witan chose Harold as king. William, Duke of Normandy, invaded England. On October 14, the two armies met near Hasting. After a day’s battle, Harold was killed and his army completely defeated. So this battle was very important on the way of the Roman conquest.5.the Great Charter大宪章King John’s reign caused much discontent among the barons. In 1215, he was forced to sign a document, known as the Great Charter. Its spirit was the limitation of the king’s powers, keeping them within the bounds of the feudal law of the land.6.the Hund red Years’ War百年大战It refers to the intermittent war between France and England that last from 1337 to 1453. The causes were partly territorial and partly economic. The result of the war was that the English lost all the territories they had gained except the French port of Calais. The expelling of the English was a blessing for both countries.7.Joan of Arc圣女贞德Joan of Arc was a national heroine of France during the Hundred Years’ War. She successfully led the French to drive the English out of France.8.the Black Death黑死病It was the deadly plague which spread through Europe in the 14th century. It killed almost half of the population of England. Thus, much land was left untended and labour was short. It caused far-reaching economic consequences.9.the Wars of Roses玫瑰战争The war of roses refer to the battles between the House of Lancaster and the House of York between 1455 and 1485. The former was symbolized by the red rose, and the latter by the white one. After the wars, feudalism was greatly weakened. Tudor monarchs ruled England and Wales for over two hundred years.10.Bloody Mary血腥的玛丽Henry VIII’s daughter and a devoted Catholic. When she became Queen, she persecuted and burnt many Protestants. So she was given the nickname “Bloody Mary”.11.Elizabeth I伊丽莎白一世One of the greatest monarchs in British history. She reigned England, Wales and Ireland for 45 years and remained single. Her reign was a time of great achievements in literature and other arts, in exploration and in battle.12.Oliver Cromwell奥利弗·克伦威尔The leader during the Civil War who defeated the king and condemned him to death. Then he declared England a Commonwealth and made himself Lord of Protector.13.Whigs and Tories辉格党和托利党Whigs and Tories refer to the two party names which originated with the Glorious Revolution of 1688. The Whigs were those who opposed absolute monarchy and supported the right to religious freedom for Nonconformists. The Tories were those who supported hereditary monarchy and were reluctant to remove kings. The Whigs became the Liberal Party. The Tories were the forerunners of the Conservative Party.14.James Watt詹姆斯·瓦特The Scottish inventor who produced an efficient steam engine that could be applied to textile and other machinery.15.Winston Churchill温斯顿·邱吉尔Prime Minister of Britain during the Second World War. He took over Chamberlain in 1940 and received massive popular support. He led his country to final victory in 1945.16.the Emancipation Proclamation解放宣言During the Civil war, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation to get more support for the Union at home and abroad. It granted freedom to all slaves.17.the Truman Doctrine杜鲁门主义On March 12, 1949, President Truman put forward the Truman Doctrine in a speech to the joint session of Congress. The Truman Doctrine meant to say that the U.S. government would support any country which said it was fighting against Communism.18.the Marshall Plan马歇尔计划On June 5, 1947, the Secretary of State George Marshall announced the Marshall Plan, which meant that in order to protect Western Europe from possible Soviet expansion, the United States decided to offer Western European countries economic aid.V. Answers:1.the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国2.its short term :UK: the United Kingdom (大不列颠)联合王国Great Britain (大不列颠，英国）,its short term: G.B. GB Britain(不列颠, 英国) England英格兰(the main part of Britain), 英国the British Empire大英帝国(a historical term) the British Commonwealth英联邦,3.Great Britain and Ireland4.Three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: England, Scotland and Wales andNorthern Ireland5.England:London Scotland: Edinburgh Wales：Cardiff Northern Ireland: Belfast.6.God Save the Queen/King7.Rose8.the Union Jack9.John Bull. A personification of the British nation or a typical British man10.53 member countries11.The Thames River12.A land country13.It lies in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe. It is separated from the rest ofEurope by the English Channel in the south and the North Sea in the east.14.and 15. Britain has a maritime climate------winters are not too cold and summers are not too hot.It has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole year. The temperature varies within a small range. That’s why British people talk about weather a lot.16.Policeman, Royal Coat of Arms皇家徽章, Black Taxi, Foot Guard, Life Guard DoubleDecker Bus, Union Flag17.Big Ben, Tower of London, London Eye, Buckingham Palace, St Paul's Cathedral, TowerBridge18.Edinburgh, Edinburgh International Arts Festival, Tartan (Kilt), Whiskey, Bagpipe , golf19.William Shakespeare, William Wordsworth, Robert Burns, Catherine Zeta-Jones ,William ButlerYeats, Seamus Heaney20.The British are said to be reserved /conservative in manners, dress and speech. They are famousfor their politeness, self-discipline and especially for their sense of humour. Basic politeness (please, thank you, excuse me) is often heard.21.The ancestors of the English are Anglo-saxons while the ancestors of the Scots, the Welsh andthe Irish are Celts22. 5 stages.23.I. Prehistoric Britain BC indicates the early settlers of Britain---the IberiansII. Roman Britain 43 ADIII. Anglo Saxon Britain 450IV. Viking and Danish Britain 793V.Medieval Britain/The Norman Conquest 1066 This period of history covers over 6000 years long. That is, from 5000 BC to 1066 AD.24.Iberians25.Romans26.the pound sterling英币1镑27.the bank of England28.It has the greatest concentration of foreign banks, accounting for 26% all international bank-loans,。

英美概况考试题汇总一、英国部分1. 英国的全名：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。

国家元首：女王伊丽莎白二世。

国土面积：24.36万平方公里。

人口：6020万。

首相：戈登·布朗。

分四个部分：英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰、北爱尔兰。

首府分别为：伦敦、加迪夫、爱丁堡和贝尔法斯特。

大伦敦市下设一个对的金融城（City of London）和32个城区（London Boroughs）。

2. 英国最长的河流是：塞文河（354公里）；最重要的河流为泰晤士河，流经伦敦，全长346公里。

最大的湖泊讷湖，在北爱尔兰境内，面积396平方公里。

3. 英国的气候主要受北大西洋暖流的影响，属海洋性温带阔叶林气候。

终年温和多雨。

天气易变，难以预测。

4. 1707年英格兰与苏格兰合并，不列颠岛统一。

1801年又与爱尔兰合并。

1922年爱尔兰南部脱离英国统治，成立爱尔兰共和国。

5. 现代英国民族的基本成分是三个日耳曼部族，他们是：盎格鲁、萨克森和朱特。

6. 爱德华一世最后终于在1282年成功征服了威尔士北部和西部的最后一个当地的威尔士公国（大约是今天的安格鲁西郡、凯尔纳冯夏尔郡、麦里昂斯郡、塞勒狄琼郡和凯尔马瑟夏尔郡这块地区），并且在两年之后透过《罗德兰法令》（Statute of Rhuddlan）确立了爱德华一世对此地的统治。

为了平息威尔士人，爱德华一世出生于威尔士的儿子（后来的爱德华二世）在1301年2月7日这天被封为威尔士亲王。

这块直接在王室统治下的地区，便称作威尔士公国（1284年—1536年）。

将威尔士亲王这个头衔封给英国君主的长子便成为了传统，到现今都还持续实行中。

从1284年到1536年之间，英国君主只有对威尔士公国有直接的控制权，而其他边界地区的领主则独立于王权之外（他们统治有威尔士东部和南部地区）。

1536年颁布的《联合法案》才进一步完成了英格兰和威尔士在政治和行政上的统一。

这个联合法案将威尔士划分为13个郡，分别是：安格鲁西郡、布莱根郡、凯尔纳冯郡、卡尔狄更郡、凯尔马瑟郡、丹比夫郡、佛林特郡、葛莱摩根郡、麦里昂斯郡、蒙茅斯郡、蒙哥马里郡、彭布鲁克郡和拉德诺郡。

英语专业考研英美概况自测题（一）British Survey TestPart I Geography1. The total area of the U.K. is _____.A. 211,440B. 244,110C. 241,410D. 242,5342. England occupies the _____ portion of the U.K.A. northernB. easternC. southern3. The most important part of the U.K. in wealth is _____.A. Northern IrelandB. EnglandC. Scotland4. _____ is on the western prominence between the Bristol Channel and the Dee estuary.A. WalesB. ScotlandC. England5. Wales was effectively united with England in the _____ century.A. 14thB. 15thC. 16th6. By the Act of Union of _____ Scotland and the kingdom of England and Wales were constitutionally joined as the Kingdom of Britain.A. 1707B. 1921C. 18017. Physiographically Britain may be divided into _____ provinces.A. 13B. 12C. 148. Mt. Ben Nevis stands in _____.A. the Scottish HighlandsB. WalesC. England9. The main rivers parting in Britain runs from _____.A. north to southB. south to northC. east to west10. Cheviot hills lie along the border between _____ and England.A. ScotlandB. WalesC. Vale of Eden11. The longest river in Britain is _____.A. SevernB. ClydeC. Bann12. London is situated on the River of _____.A. ParretB. ThamesC. Spey13. Edinburgh is the capital of _____.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. Wales14. The rivers flowing into the _____ are mainly short.A. North SeaB. English ChannelC. Dee estuary15. Mt. Snowdon stands in _____.A. ScotlandB. WalesC. England16. The source of the important River Thames is in the _____.A. CotswoldsB. Oxford ClayC. Pennines17. About _____ of the water requirements are obtained from underground sources.A. 50%B. 38%C. 42%18. Gaelic is mainly spoken in _____.A. ScotlandB. EnglandC. Northern Ireland19. The Bank of England was nationalized in _____.A. 1964B. 1946C. 169420. Britain is basically an importer of _____.A. foodB. raw materialsC. manufacturesD. both A and B21. British farmers produce enough food to supply _____ of the needs of the population.A. 2/3B. 4/5C. 1/222. Britain’s main cereal crop is _____.A. oatsB. cornC. barleyD. rye23. The center of the Britain financial system is _____.A. Bank of EnglandB. Bank of BritainC. Bank of U.K.24. The three Germanic tribes that invaded Britain include the following except _____.A. the AnglesB. the SaxonsC. the PictsD. the Jutes25. “Black Country” refers to _____.A. countryside in EnglandB. an area around BirminghamC. a country in Africa26. The second largest port in Britain is _____.A. LondonB. BelfastC. Liverpool27. The capital city of Northern Ireland is _____.A. CardiffB. BelfastC. Leith28. Celtic tribes began to settle in Britain from about _____ B.C.A. 410B. 750C. 30029. The U.K. is rich in the following except _____.A. coalB. ironC. goldD. tin30. The decrease of British population is caused by the following except _____.A. limitation of immigrationB. fall of the birth rateC. fall of death rateD. unemployment31. The proportion of the English in the whole population is _____.A. 60%B. 80%C. 70%32. The Queen’s University is in the city of _____.A. BelfastB. EdinburghC. Manchester33. The contribution made by the Normans to Britain is the following except _____.A. final unification of EnglandB. foundation of aristocracyC. great administrative progressD. some peculiarities of dialect34. About _____ percent of the population live in cities or towns.A. 80B. 85C. 9035. The land available for farming in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland does not exceed _____ million acres.A. 30B. 25C. 4036. The highest mountain in England is _____.A. Mt. MourneB. Mt. SnowdonC. Mt. Seafell37. The second largest city in England is _____.A. GlasgowB. BirminghamC. Manchester38. The modern Scots and Irish are the descendants of _____.A. GaelsB. BritonsC. Anglo-Saxons39. Scotland occupies the _____ portion of Great Britain.A. southernB. northernC. western40. By the Act of Union in _____, the name United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was adopted.41. _____ has its own national church and its own system of law.A. WalesB. Northern IrelandC. Scotland42. The _____ End includes Westminster, St. James’ PalaceA. EastB. WestC. North43. _____ includes London, the centre of government for the whole nation.A. ScotlandB. Northern IrelandC. WalesD. England1. The U.K. is situated in _Northwestern____ Europe.2. The full title of the U.K. is the United Kingdom of _____ _____ and _____ _____.3. The U.K. consists of England, _____, _____ and Northern Ireland.4. The largest part of U.K. is _____.5. The capital of England and of Great Britain is _____.6. _____ _____ is composed of six Irish counties that elected to remain in the union with Great Britain.7. The name United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was replaced by the present name after the 26 counties of Ireland obtained autonomy in _____.8. The highest mountain in Britain is _____ _____.9. The “Backbone of England” refers to the _____.10. Natural gas was discovered in Britain in the _____ _____.11. The most important river is the River of _____.12. The political centre of the Commonwealth is _____.13. Belfast Lough and Lough Neagh lie in _____ _____.14. The climate of Britain is moderated by the _____ _____ _____ and is much milder than that of many places in the same latitude.15. Britain’s Industrial Revolution took place betwee n _____ and _____.16. The Bank of England was founded in _____.17. The population of the U.K. is more than _____ million.18. Britain is basically an exporter of _____.19. The population of the U.K. consists of the English, the Welsh, the Scottish and the _____.20. In Wales many people speak _____.21. People sing the national anthem in _____.22. The earliest invasion is that by the _____-haired Mediterranean race called the Iberians.23. The modern _____ and _____ are the descendants of the Gaels of the Celtic tribes.24. The Britons of the Celtic tribes were the forefathers of the modern _____.25. Greater London is made up of 12 _____ London boroughs and _____ Outer London boroughs.26. The International festival of music and the arts is held every year in the city of _____.27. The British national anthem is _____ _____ _____ _____.28. The U.K. lies to the _____ of France.29. Westminster, the area of central government administration is situated in the _____ End.30. River _____ flows through Glasgow.31. Mt. Seafell stands in _____.32. The source of the River _____ is in the Cotswolds.33. The capital city of Wales is _____.34. The United Kingdom is rich in _____, iron, tin, copper, lead and silver.35. Define the Following Terms36. “Backbone of England”:Pennines37. Greater London38. Celts39. The “Irish Question”I. Answer the Following Questions英美概况一答案Part I DCBAA CAAAB ABBBB ABABD ACACB CBBCD BADAA CBABA CBDII. Northwestern Great Britain, Northern Ireland Scottish, Welsh England London Northern Ireland 1921 Ben Nevis Pennines North Sea Thames London Northern Ireland Atlantic Gulf Stream 1750, 1850 1694 57 manufacture Irish Welsh English dark Scots, Irish Welsh Inner, 20 Edinburgh God Save the Queen North West Clyde England Thames Cardiff coal英美概况英国历史部分History1. Julius Caesar invaded Britain __B___.A. onceB. twiceC. three times2. King Arthur was the king of __B___.A. PictsB. CeltsC. ScotsD. Jutes3. The first “King of the English” was _B____.A. AlfredB. EgbertC. BedeD. Ethelred4. Christianity was introduced into England in the late __C__ century.A. 14thB. 8thC. 6th5. In 1653 _A____ was made Lord Protector for life.A. Oliver CromwellB. Charles IC. William II6. The three great Germanic tribes: the Anglos, the _A____ and the Jutes which invaded Britain form the basis of the modern British people.A. SaxonsB. ScotsC. WelshD. Wessex7. The head of the church in Anglo-Saxon times was _D____.A. the King of Denmark and NorwayB. the king of EnglandC. Julius CaesarD. the Archbishop of Canterbury8. The ___B__ invaded England in the earliest time.A. DanesB. IberiansC. RomansD. Celts9. The Vikings who invaded England at the turn of the 8th century came from __D___.A. NorwayB. DenmarkC. FranceD. both A and B10. Edward was known as the “__A___” because of his reputation for saintliness.]A. ConfessorB. ConquerorC. Protector11. Norman Conquest began in __B___.A. 1016B. 1066C. 103512. In history ___A__ was nicknamed “King of Lackland”.A. JohnB. Henry IC. Henry II13. In 1181 Henry II issued the ___B__ which made it compulsory for every freeman in England to be provided with arms.A. Inquest of SheriffsB. Assize of ArmsC. Doomsday Book14. Henry Plantagenet, in 1154, established the House of Angevin as _B____.A. Henry IB. Henry IIC. Henry III15. Henry II appointed in 1162 _A____ Archbishop of Canterbury.A. Thomas BecketB. Stephen LangtonC. Simon de Mortfort16. Charles I was beheaded in _A____.A. 1649B. 1648C. 165317. It was __A___ who summoned Model Parliament in 1295.A. Edward IB. Henry IVC. Simon de Montfort18. The Great Charter contained __C___ sets of provisions.A. twoB. fourC. three19. The Peasants Uprising in 1381 was led by _B____.A. Henry TurnerB. Watt TylerC. Richard20. The English Church was strictly __A___.A. nationalB. internationalC. regional21. The Glorious Revolution in 1688 was in nature a __A___.A. coup d’etatB. racial slaughterC. peasant rising22. The Industrial Revolution laid a good foundation for the _A____.A. factory of the worldB. expansion of marketsC. social upheaval23. The American Revolution (the American War of Independence) broke out in __A___ and ended in _____.A. 1775, 1783B. 1774, 1782C. 1786, 178424. The Battle of Hastings took place in ___C.A. 1606B. 1042C. 106625. The Great Charter was signed by ___C__ in 1215.A. King Henry IIB. King RichardC. King John26. In the early 14th century feudalism began to ___C__ in England.A. growB. flourishC. declineD. end27. It was ___B__ who published the book “The Rights of Man”.A. Thomas MoreB. Thomas PaineC. Thomas Jefferson28. The first Prime Minister was __C___.A. WilmintonB. George GrenvilleC. Robert Walpole29. The Parliament of 1265 which is known as the “__A___” is considered the “beginning ofparliament”.A. All Estates ParliamentB. Model ParliamentC. Long Parliament30. The Anglo-French hostility which began in 1337 and ended in 1453 was known as _B____.A. the Wars of RosesB. the Hundred Years’ WarC. Peasant Uprising31. In the first half of 17th century __B___ grow rapidly in England.A. feudalismB. capitalismC. Catholicism32. Prime Minister ___A__ resisted any reform that could be resisted.A. PalmerstonB. Robert PeelC. Gladstone33. By the end of the Hundred Years’ War only the port of __C___ remained under English rule.A. TroyesB. GasconC. Calais34. In the 14th century took place the ___B__, the severest of many plagues in the middle ages.A. EarthquakeB. Black DeathC. Drought35. __A___ and his followers, known as Lollards, provided ideological preparation for the labour movement of the 14th century.A. John WycliffeB. Watt TylerC. Somerset36. By the end of the Wars of the Roses the House of _A____ began.A. TudorB. LancasterC. Plantagenet37. In the “___B__” of 1388 five lords accused the King’s friends of treason under a very expansive definition of crime.A. All Estates parliamentB. Merciless ParliamentC. Model Parliament38. In the Wars of the Roses the Lancastrians wire badges of _B____ rose.A. whiteB. redC. pinkD. yellow39. The first Civil War in Britain lasted from ___C__ to _____.A. 1600, 1604B. 1640, 1644C. 1642, 164640. William Shakespeare is mainly a _B____.A. novelistB. dramatistC. poet41. In 1689 the “Bill of Rights” was passed. __A___ began in England.A. The Constitutional MonarchyB. All Estates ParliamentC. House of Lancaster42. The ___A__ carried on trade relations with Russia and central Asian countries.A. Moscow CompanyB. Eastland CompanyC. East India Company43. ___A__ started the slave trade in the second part of the 16th century.A. John HawkinsB. Francis DrakeC. Diaz44. In 1534 Parliament passed the “_B____”, according to which Henry VIII was declared the head of the English Church.A. the Bill of RightsB. Act of SupremacyC. Act of Settlement45. Under Elizabeth I __C___ was restored, and she was declared “governor” of the church.A. the Roman ChurchB. the Catholic ChurchC. the Anglican Church46. In 1337 the hostility between England and _A____ resulted in the Hundred Years’ War.A. FranceB. SpainC. Russia47. The religious persecution mainly existed during the reign of ___B__.A. CromwellB. Charles IC. Henry VIII48. England first became a sea power in the time of _B____.A. Henry VIIB. Elizabeth IC. Victoria49. The Industrial Revolution first started in __B___.A. the iron industryB. the textile industryC. the coal industry50. From 1688 to 1783 English Parliament was mainly controlled by the party of ___B__.A. ToryB. WhigC. Labour51. The English Prime Minister during the Second World War was _A____.A. ChurchillB. ChamberlainC. Baldwin52. At the End of __B__ century, the East India Company was formed.A. 15thB. 16thC. 14th53. The Seven Years War between England and France lasted from __A___ to _____.A. 1756, 1763B. 1713, 1720C. 1754, 176154. In 1689 Parliament passed “__B___”, limiting the powers of the crown.A. Habeas Corpus ActB. the Bill of RightsC. Navigation Act55. __A___ contrasted the first successful steam locomotive.A. George StephensonB. Samuel CromptonC. James Hargreaves56. The “Peterloo Massacre” took place in ___C__.A. BirminghamB. LiverpoolC. Manchester57. Between 1911 and 1914 took place the following strikes except _B____.A. railway strikeB. strike of the postmenC. coal strikeD. strike of the transport58. The Victorian Age was over the __A___ began.A. Edwardian AgeB. Georgian AgeC. Elizabethan Age59. The ___B__ government surrendered to the British invaders and was forced to sign the first unequal Treaty of Nanjing in 1842.A. IndianB. QingC. IrishD. Spanish60. The Great Charter was essentially a __C___.A. Culture MovementB. colonial documentC. feudal document61. ___B__ broke out two years after the Hundred Years’ War with France.A. The Bore WarB. The Wars of the RosesC. Queen Annes’ War62. The Reformation was a product of _A____.A. the RenaissanceB. the Chartist MovementC. the Hundred Years’ War63. The greatest dramatist of the English Renaissance was _A____.A. ShakespeareB. MiltonC. ChaucerD. Bacon64. The English Revolution marks the beginning of the __B___ period of capitalism.A. feudalB. modernC. colonialD. medieval65. By the ____B_ in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the US.A. Declaratory ActB. Treaty of ParisC. Treaty of Montgomery66. The Chartist Movement began in _____ and reached its height in __C___.A. 1845, 1858B. 1828, 1835C. 1839, 184867. In 1840 Britain launched an aggressive war against _C____.A. FranceB. IndiaC. ChinaD. America68. __A___ formed a coalition government in 1940.A. Winston ChurchillB. Lloyd GeorgeC. Neville Chamberlain69. By the ___A__ the British dominions became independent states in all but name.A. Statue of WestminsterB. Locarno TreatyC. Disputes Act70. The Fabians Society was founded in 1883, including intellectuals such as ___C__.A. William Shakespeare & Ben JonsonB. Christopher Marlowe & John MiltonC. G. B. Shaw & H. G. Wells71. Before WWII __A___ relied on appeasement of the European dictators to reduce tensions that might lead to war.A. Neville Chamberlain A. Stanley Baldwin C. Winston Churchill72. During WWII, Britain, America, France, Soviet Union and other antifascist countries formed a united international alliance which was called _B____.A. Locarno TreatyB. Grand AllianceC. Statute of Westminster73. The first coalition government during WWI was organized when __B___ was the Prime Minister.A. Lloyd GeorgeB. Herbert AsquithC. Stanley Baldwin74. When Germany invaded __C__ which was neutral, Britain declared war on Germany on 4 August, 1914.A. AustriaB. RussiaC. BelgiumD. Poland1. At about 3000 BC, some of the _____ settled in Britain.2. About 122 AD, in order to keep back the Picts and , the _____ b uilt Hadrian’s Wall.3. The real Roman conquest began in _____.4. _____ _____’s “Paradise Lost” was published in 1667.5. Beowulf, considered the greatest Old English poem, is assigned to _____ Times.6. _____ was considered the first national hero.7. On Christmas Day 1066 Duke _____ was crowned in Westminster Abbey.8. In history John was nicknamed King of _____.9. John signed the document in 1215, which in history was called the Great Charter or _____ _____.10. In 1086 William had his official to make a general survey of the land, known as _____ Book.11. The most famous scholar during Anglo-Saxon Times was _____.12. The Battle of _____ paved the way for the Norman Conquest to England.13. The Norman Conquest increased the process of _____ which had begun during the Anglo-Saxon Times.14. Duke William was known in history as William the _____.15. Along with the Normans came the _____ language.16. The English parliament originated in the _____ _____.17. The head of the _____ was Archbishop of _____.18. The _____ _____ in 1688 was in nature a coup d’etat.19. The People’s Charter included _____ points such as universal male suffrage.20. The corrupt Qing government surrendered to Britain and was forced to sign the first unequal Treaty of _____ in 1842.21. After the Crimean War _____ was forced not to fortify Sebastopol.22. The third collection of the poll tax in the early part of 1381 became the fuse of _____ _____ rising.23. The Wars of the Roses broke out between the _____ and the _____.24. The Enclosure Movement began in the _____ century.25. By the treaty of _____ in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the US.26. In _____ Britain launched the Opium War against China.27. The East India Company formed at the end of the 16th century was one of _____ companies.28. After the Reformation the Roman Catholic Church was _, the English Church was strictly ___.29. Mary I re-established Catholicism and burnt three hundred Protestants, for which she was called “_____” Mary.30. “Renaissance” means “___”, i.e. Europe rediscovering its origins in the cultures of ancient Greek and Rome.31. During the Renaissance, the thinkers who worked for freedom and enlightenment were called “__”.32. The nature of the Wars of the Roses was a _____ _____ war.33. By the beginning of the Tudor reign the manor system was replaced by the _____ system.34. In the summer of 1588 the Spanish ships, the _____ _____ was defeated by English ships.35. The greatest English humanist was Sir _____ whose work _____ became a humanistic classic in the world literature.36. English Renaissance began in _____ century.37. The House of _____ was notorious for its absolutist rule.38. During the Civil Wars (1642 – 1648) the supporters of Parliament were called _____ while the supporters of the King Charles I were called _____.39. In 1653 Cromwell was made _____ _____ for life and started his military dictatorship openly.40. The Seven Years War was ended by the Treaty of _____.41. The first two parties appeared in England were the _____ and the _____.42. The basic point of the People’s Charter is _____ _____.43. In 1764 James Hargreaves invented the _____ _____.44. From 1863 to the end of the century Britain had been carrying a foreign policy of ____ _____.45. The Parliament passed the Act of __ in 1701, excluding James Catholic son from the succession.46. After Charles I was beheaded in 1649 England was declared a _____.47. In September 1939 Germany invaded _____, thus Britain and France declared war on Germany.48. The Industrial Revolution started during the last part of the _____ century.49. The steam engine was invented by _____ _____ in 1769.50. Samuel Crompton invented the _____ _____ in 1779.51. Edmund Cartwright invented the _____ _____ in 1785.52. Upon the completion of the _____ _____ by 1850 England became the workshop of the world.53. In 1868 the first Trade Union Congress met in _____.54. In 1534 Parliament passed the “_____ _____ _____”.55. On the eve of WWI the Triple Alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary and _____ was formed.56. The First World War was an imperialist war as well as a _____ war because it was not confined only to Europe. It lasted _____ years.57. At the _____ _____ _____, the League of Nations was established and the Treaty of Versailles was signed.58. The _____ _____ of 1926 was Austen chamberlain’s chief claim to fame as foreign secretary.59. On May 7, 1945, _____ surrendered unconditionally.60. It was _____ _____ who led the country during the “miracle of Dunkirk”.61. When George I began the Houses of Hanover in 1714, the _____ system was established. Explain the Following Terms英美概况自测题（二）英国历史部分答案I. BBBCA ADBDA 11-15 BABBA 16-20 AACBA AAACC CBAAB 31-35BACBA ABBCB 41-45AAABC ABBBB 51-55 ABABA CBABC 61-65BAABB CCAAC 71-74ABBC1. II. Iberians Romans 43 A.D John Milton Anglo-Saxon Alfred William Lackland Magna Carta Domesday Bede Hastings feudalism Conqueror French Great Council Church Glorious Revolution 6 Nanjing Russia Watt Tyler’s2. Lancasterians, Yorkists 15th Paris 1840 Chartered international, national Bloody rebirth humanists feudal civil money Invincible Armada Thomas More, Utopia 16th Stuart Roundheads, Cavaliers Lord Protector Paris Tory, Whig universal suffrage Spinning Jenny splendid isolation Settlement Commonwealth Poland 18th James Watt Spinning Mule Power Loom Industrial Revolution Manchester Act of Supremacy Italy world, 4 Paris Peace Conference Locarno Treaty Germany Winston Churchill cabinet英语考研英美概况模拟题（三）英国文化部分CultureMultiple Choice1. All children in the UK must, by law, receive a full-time education from the age of ___ to _____.A. 5, 16B. 6, 17C. 7, 182. In state schools the letters A, B and C are often used to describe “_____” or parallel classes.A. gradeB. formC. streams3. Public schools belong to the category of the _____ schools.A. stateB. independentC. local4. The pupils who had got the highest marks in the “eleven plus” examination would go to_ school.A. grammarB. technicalC. secondary modern5. Oxford and Cambridge are the oldest universities dating from _____ and _____.A. 1167, 1284B. 1234, 1325C. 1335, 14276. There are over _____ universities in Britain.A. thirtyB. fortyC. fifty7. The two features of Oxford and Cambridge are the college system and the _____.A. records of attendanceB. governing councilC. tutorial system8. The universities of St. Andrews, Glasgow, Aberdeen and Edinburgh are called the four _____ universities.A. oldB. newC. Scottish9. The _____ university offers courses through one of BBC’s television channels and by radio.A. openB. newC. middle aged10. Buckingham University is and _____ university which was established in 1973.A. independentB. openC. old11. The second centre of the British press is in _____.A. LondonB. the Fleet StreetC. Manchester12. In Britain great majority of children attend _____ schools.A. stateB. independentC. religious13. In Britain education at the age from 5 to 16 is _____.A. optionalB. compulsoryC. self-taught14. The oldest university in Britain is _____.A. CambridgeB. EdinburghC. Oxford15. British newspapers possess the following features except _____.A. freedom of speechB. fast deliveryC. monoplied by one of the five large organizationD. no difficulty for independent newspapers to survive16. The earliest newspaper in Britain is _____.A. Daily MailB. Daily TelegraphsC. The TimesD. Guardian17. _____ is the oldest Sunday newspaper in Britain.A. Sunday TimesB. The ObserverC. The peopleD. News of the World18. The most humorous magazine is _____.A. New SocietyB. Private EyeC. PunchD. Spectator19. In the UK there are about _____ dailies and over _____ weeklies.A. 130, 1000B. 200, 800C. 160, 120020. There are _____ national daily newspapers which appear every morning except on Sundays.A. nineB. sevenC. eight21. The Daily Telegraph and Sunday Telegraph support the _____.A. Liberal PartyB. Labour PartyC. Conservative Party22. The Economist, New Statesman, Spectator are _____.A. journalsB. daily newspapersC. local papers I. CAACA ACBAB23. BBC was founded in _____ and chartered in _____ as an independent public corporation.A. 1922, 1927B. 1292, 1297C. 1822, 182724. The Exchange Telegraph Co. Ltd. is a _____ news agency.A. publicB. governmentalC. localD. private25. The BBC is mainly financed by _____.A. payment from all people who possess TV setsB. the income from advertisementsC. some large corporationsD. British government26. The most famous broadcasting company in Britain is _____.A. British Broadcasting CorporationB. Independent Broadcasting AuthorityC. Reuters27. Reuters was founded in the year of _____.A. 1518B. 1815C. 185128. The new headquarters’ building of _____ is at 85 Fleet Street, London.A. BBCB. the Press Association Ltd.C. the Exchange Telegraph Co. Ltd.29. _____ is regarded as the most English of games.A. CricketB. SoccerC. Rugger30. _____ claims the highest popular attendance in Britain.A. Rugby footballB. Association footballC. Baseball31. _____ “pools” provide amusement for millions of people who bet on the results of matches.A. Association footballB. BaseballC. Cricket32. The annual _____ championships at Wimbledon, in London, are the most famous in the world.A. hockeyB. tennisC. netball33. _____ racing is chiefly a betting sport.A. HorseB. BoatC. Dog34. Hurdle or steeplechase racing takes up the winter months, leading to its climax in the Grand National Steeplechase at _____ in March.A. LondonB. EdinburghC. Liverpool35. It was _____ who first revolutionized scientific thought in Britain.A. Francis BaconB. Thomas NewcomerC. James Watt36. _____ discovered the circulation of food.A. Francis GlissonB. William HarveyC. George Stephenson37. The Royal Society was founded in _____ in _____.A. London, 1660B. Liverpool, 1660C. London, 176038. The Royal Society reached the summit of its prestige in 1703, when _____ became its president.A. Robert BoyleB. Issae NewtonC. Francis Bacon39. James Watt was a great _____ engineer and inventor.A. IrishB. ScottishC. English40. _____ developed atomic theory in the 18th century.A. John DaltonB. Francis GlissonC. Robert Boyle41. The minor’s safety lamp was invented by _____.A. Francis BaconB. William HarveyC. Humphy Davy42. Charles Robert Darwin Developed the theory of _____.A. evolutionB. immunologyC. virology43. _____ is considered the father of English poetry.A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. John MiltonC. John Donne44. Big Ben is the nickname of _____.A. Benjamin FranklinB. Sir Benjamin HallC. the 315-foot Clock Tower45. The British Museum was founded in _____.。

英美概况英国部分练习题英美概况 - 英国部分练习题英国，位于欧洲西北部的一个岛国，是英联邦成员国之一。

它以其悠久的历史，丰富的文化遗产，以及对现代科技和艺术的贡献而闻名于世。

下面是一些关于英国的练习题，让我们来测试一下你对这个国家的了解吧！1. 英国的首都是哪个城市？a) 伦敦b) 曼彻斯特c) 爱丁堡d) 都柏林2. 英国的国旗是什么颜色的？a) 红色、白色和蓝色b) 红色、白色和绿色c) 红色、白色和黄色d) 蓝色、白色和红色3. 威廉·莎士比亚是英国最著名的戏剧作家之一。

以下哪个是他的作品？a) 《哈姆雷特》b) 《鲁密欧与朱丽叶》c) 《奥赛罗》d) 以上都是4. 英国的皇室家族是？a) 伊丽莎白家族b) 斯图亚特家族c) 神秘家族d) 温莎家族5. 英国最著名的晚餐菜肴之一是什么？a) 鱼和薯条b) 汉堡包c) 比萨饼d) 果酱面包6. 英国的标准货币是什么？a) 欧元b) 英镑c) 美元d) 日元7. 英国最古老的大学是？a) 牛津大学b) 剑桥大学c) 帝国理工学院d) 伦敦城市大学8. 英国传统的下午茶时间通常是在下午几点？a) 1点b) 3点c) 5点d) 7点9. 英国最高的峰是什么？a) 英格兰山b) 威尔士山c) 苏格兰山d) 北爱尔兰山10. 英国最有名的音乐节是？a) 格拉斯顿伯里音乐节b) 皇家艾伯特音乐厅音乐节c) 圣理查德音乐节d) 狂欢节希望你已经作出了选择。

接下来，让我们来看看答案。

答案:1. a) 伦敦2. a) 红色、白色和蓝色3. d) 以上都是4. d) 温莎家族5. a) 鱼和薯条6. b) 英镑7. a) 牛津大学8. b) 3点9. c) 苏格兰山10. a) 格拉斯顿伯里音乐节希望这些问题能帮助你更深入地了解英国。

英国是一个充满魅力的国家，拥有丰富的历史和文化遗产，值得我们去探索和学习。

无论你是对历史、文学、音乐还是其他领域感兴趣，英国都能提供给你丰富的资源和体验。

英美概况》I. Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices:A. ScafellB. Ben NevisC. the CotswoldsD. the Forth1. The highest mountain in Britain isA. the ClydeB. the MerseyC. the SevernD. the Thames2. The longest river in Britain is3. The largest lake in Britain isA. the Lough NeageB. Windermere WaterC. Coniston WaterD. the Lake District4. Which part of Britain is always fighting?A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northem Ireland5. The immigrants coming to Britain are mainly fromA. EuropeB. the UnitedC. AfricaD. the West IndiesStates6. The first inhabitants in Britain wereA. the NormansB. the CeltsC. the IberiansD. the Anglo-Saxons7. British Recorded history began withA. Roman invasionB. the Norman ConquestC. the Viking and Danish invasionD. the Anglo-Saxons invasion8. In 829, ___actually became the overlord of all the English.A. JohnB. James IC. EgbertD. Henry I9. Christmas Day __, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.A. 1056B. 1066C. 1006D. 106010. Henry II was the first king of the dynasty.A. WindsorB. TudorC. MalcolmD. Plantagenet11. In 1265 __summoned the Great Council, which has been seen as the earliest parliament.12. The Hundred Years ' war srttaed in __________ and ended in ________ , in which the English had lost all the territories of France except the French port of .A. 1337, 1453, FlandersB. 1337, 1453, CalaisC. 1346, 1453, ArgencourtD. 1346, 1453, Brest13. The Wars of Roses lasted for _ years and king _________ was replaced by king __ .A. 30, Richard III, Henry TudorB. 50, Richard III, Henry TudorB. C. 30, Richard I, Henry Tudor D. 50, Richard I, Henry Tudor14. The Renaissance began in __ in the early _ century.A. England, 14B. England, 15C. Italy, 14D. Italy, 1515. The English Civil War is also called .A. the Glorious RevolutionB. the Bloody RevolutionC. the Catholic RevolutionD. the Puritan Revolution16. In ___, a small group of Puritans sailed from i n the Mayflower to be the first settlers in the North America.A. 1620, LondonB. 1620, PlymouthC. 1720, LondonD. 1720, Plymouth17. In the 18th century, there appeared in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines.A. the Industrial RevolutionB. the Bourgeois RevolutionC. the Wars of the RosesD. the Religious Reformation18. English colonial expansion began with the colonization of in 1583.A. CanadaB. AustraliaC. IndiaD. Newfoundland19. ___ was famous for his abdication because of his marriage with a divorced American:A. Edward VIIIB. Edward VIIC. George VID. George VII20. In January __ Britain became a member of the European Economic Community.A. 1957B. 1967C. 1973D. 197921. soon after __ , Britain not only gave up its econmic hegemony but also suffered a deep loss of its position of industrial leadership.22. In the 1970s among the developed countries, Britain maintained the lowest rate and the highest _____ rate.A. inflation, growthB. growth, inflationC. growth, divorceD. growth, birth23. The following are all reasons of British decline of coal industry except .A. the exhaustion of old minesB. costly extractionB. C. little money being invested D. the labour shortage24. Britain ' s foreign trade is mainly with _ .A. developing countriesB. other Commonwealth countriesC. other developed countriesD. EC25. The House of Lords is presided over by .A. the Lord ChancellorB. the QueenC. the Archbishop of CanterburyD. the Prime Minister26. A General Election is held every years and there are __ members of Parliaments are elected.A. five, 600B. five, 650C. five, 651D. four, 65127. The Prime Minister is appointed by and he or she always sits in .A. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of CommonsB. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of LordsC. the Queen, the House of CommonsD. the Queen, the House of Lords28. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in .A. the QueenB. the CabinetC. the House of LordsD. the House of Commons29. The sources of British law include .A. statutes, common law, equity law and European Community lawB. statutes, common law and equity lawC. statutes, common law and European Community lawD. a complete code and statutes30. In criminal trials by jury, _______________________________ passes sentenced and decide the issue of guilt or innocence.A. the judge, the juryB. the judge, the judgeC. the jury, the juryD. the Lord Chancellor, the jury31. __ tries the most serious offences such as murder and robbery.A. Magistrates ' courtsB. Youth courtsC. district courtsD. The Crown Court32. London ' s Metropolitan Police Force is under the control of .A. the England secretariesB. the Scottish SecretariesC. Northern Ireland SecretariesD. the Home Secretary33. The National Health Service was established in the UK in ______________________________ and based at first on ____________________________________________________ .A. 1948, Acts of ParliamentB. 1958, Acts of ParliamentC. 1948, the Bill of RightsD. 1958, the Bill of Rights34. The non-contributory social security benefits include the following except .A. war pensionB. child benefitC. family creditD. unemployment benefit35. Except that __ may not be a Roman Catholic, public offices are open without distinction to members of all churchs or of none.A. the lord ChancellorB. the Prime MinisterC. the SpeakerD. the ministers of all departments36. About 90 per cent of the state secondary school population in the UK attend .A. independent schoolsB. junior schoolsC. independent schoolsD. primary schools37. There are some __ universities, including the Open University.A. 900B. 290C. 90D. 5038. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can by law.A. receive completely free educationB. receive parly free educationC. receive no free education if their families are richD. receive no free education at all39. With regard to its size, the USA is the country in the world.A. largestB. second largestC. third largestD. fourth largest40. In the following rivers, has been called the American Ruhr.A. the MississippiB. the MissouriC. the HudsonD. the Ohio41. Among the following rivers, forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the U.S.A. the PotomacB. the ColumbiaC. the Rio Grande RiverD. the Colorado42. All the following universities and colleges are located in New England, except .A. YaleB. HarvardC. OxfordD. Massachusetts Institute of Technology43. The nation ' s capital city Washington D.C. and New York ar e located in ___________________A. the American WestB. the Great PlainsC. the MidwestD. the Middle Atlantic States44. The Midwest in America ' s most important __________ area.A. agriculturalB. industrialC. manufacturingD. mining in dustry45. In the case of Brown versus Board of Education, the Supreme Court ruled that .A. separate educational facilities had been illegalB. educational facilities had been separate but equalC. educational facilities had been equalD. separate educational facilities were inherently unequal46. The Chinese Exclusion Act was passed in _ .A. 1882B. 1883C. 1900D. 192447. The first immigrants in American history came from _______________ and .A. Ireland/FranceB. England/ChinaC. Scotland/EnglandD. England/Netherland48. Uncle Tom ' s Cabin and Roots are two novels which give a vivid description of the miserable life of the A. early settlers B. Puritans C. native Indians D. black slaves。

英美概况考试题目及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 英国的首都是哪里？A. 巴黎B. 伦敦C. 纽约D. 华盛顿特区答案：B2. 美国的独立日是哪一天？A. 7月4日B. 4月17日C. 12月25日D. 11月11日答案：A3. 英国的官方语言是什么？A. 法语B. 德语C. 英语D. 西班牙语答案：C4. 美国最大的城市是哪个？A. 洛杉矶B. 纽约C. 芝加哥D. 休斯顿答案：B5. 英国的货币单位是什么？A. 欧元B. 美元C. 英镑D. 日元答案：C6. 美国的国土面积在世界上排名第几？A. 第一B. 第二C. 第三D. 第四答案：B7. 英国的哪个城市是著名的文化和艺术中心？A. 爱丁堡B. 曼彻斯特C. 利物浦D. 格拉斯哥答案：A8. 美国的哪个州被誉为“黄金之州”？A. 德克萨斯州B. 加利福尼亚州C. 佛罗里达州D. 纽约州答案：B9. 英国的哪位君主在位时间最长？A. 伊丽莎白一世B. 维多利亚女王C. 乔治三世D. 伊丽莎白二世答案：D10. 美国的哪个国家公园以其壮观的峡谷景观而闻名？A. 黄石国家公园B. 大峡谷国家公园C. 优胜美地国家公园D. 阿卡迪亚国家公园答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11. 英国是由______、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰组成的联合王国。

答案：英格兰12. 美国的首都华盛顿特区是为了纪念美国的第一位总统______而命名的。

答案：乔治·华盛顿13. 英国的国花是______。

答案：玫瑰14. 美国的宪法规定了______个分支的政府。

答案：三15. 英国的______是英国君主的正式住所，也是英国王室的行政总部。

答案：白金汉宫16. 美国的______是该国最大的河流系统，流经美国的中部大平原。

答案：密西西比河17. 英国的______是该国最大的政党之一，传统上与劳动阶级联系在一起。

答案：工党18. 美国的______是该国最高法院的所在地，也是司法部门的象征。