高考英语专题定语从句知识点单元汇编

高考定语从句知识点总结定语从句是英语中非常重要和常见的一种语法结构，也是高考中经常考察的知识点之一。

定语从句用来修饰一个名词或代词，起到进一步说明或限制的作用。

本文将结合例子对高考中常考的定语从句知识点进行总结。

一、定义和基本结构定语从句是一个从句，由引导词（也称为关系词）引导并与名词或代词相连，加以修饰。

引导词包括关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词包括：that, which, who, whom, whose。

关系副词包括：where, when, why。

定语从句的基本结构为：关系代词/关系副词 + 先行词。

二、关系代词的用法1. that: 用于人或事物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。

例句1：The book that you lent me is very interesting.例句2：This is the school that I used to study in.2. which: 用于事物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。

例句1：I bought a new computer, which is very expensive.例句2：This is the house which my grandparents lived in.3. who: 用于人，在定语从句中作主语。

例句1：The girl who is sitting next to me is my best friend.例句2：I know a man who can speak five languages.4. whom: 用于人，在定语从句中作宾语。

例句1：He is the boy whom I met at the party.例句2：She is the teacher whom I respect a lot.5. whose: 用于人或事物，在定语从句中表示所属关系。

例句1：I have a friend whose father is a doctor.例句2：This is the company whose products are very popular.三、关系副词的用法1. where: 用于地点，在定语从句中表示地点。

高中英语定语从句专题一、定义：定语从句（Adjective Clause）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词（或词组）我们叫先行词（先行词可以是名词、代词或者名词短语），定语从句不同于普通的关系词引导的从句，它是句子而不是词组，因此定语从句在句中具有其所含的句子成分，即主语、宾语、定语、状语等。

二、基本结构：定语从句主要由关系代词引导，关系代词在从句中担当成分，关系代词有主语、宾语、定语等。

关系代词分指人（who，whom，whose，that）和指物（which，whose）。

三、关系代词的用法：1、that既可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语。

The book that you are reading is mine. which用来代替前面已经提到过的名词，避免重复。

The book, which you can see on the desk, is mine.2、whose不可单独做主语，但可以作为of whom的替代，表所属关系，也可替代并列关系中的of both的部分。

3、whose可与名词一起修饰物。

表变化的名词+ of + which可代替一些由with + adj. + noun所引导的形容词短语。

后跟名词作定语时只能用whose，不能用of which。

例如：The hair whose color was pure gold hung so finely on the upper part of her head that a delicate breeze even moved it.4、which在从句中作主语或宾语；作宾语时常可省略。

which在从句中作定语则不可省略。

如果which在从句中作介词的宾语，注意介词不能放在which的前边，或者干脆省略介词。

例如：The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.5、who在从句中作主语；whom在从句中作宾语；有时可省略。

定语从句（一）定义及相关术语1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词此后。

2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。

3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

关系词相关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等；关系副词有 when, where, why 等。

关系词平时有以下三个作用： A 、引导定语从句； B 、代替先行词； C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。

比方：The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“ who是”引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。

（二）关系代词引导的定语从句1． who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，当宾语能够省略。

① The boys who are playing football are from Class One.正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。

②Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning.想去博物馆的人必定在明晨7 点到大门口会集。

③ Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way.昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。

④That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。

2． whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语，可省略。

①Mr. Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus.刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上议论的那个人。

高考英语语法知识点总结高考英语高频考点专题专题一定语从句一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语which 指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时可以省略）who 指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语whom 指人在从句中作宾语whose 指人或物在从句中作定语as 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语but 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which 或of which+the+名词2、as 的用法（1）常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个the same…that 表示同一个（2）as与which的区别a、位置不同as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。

b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。

Which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。

注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。

C、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。

3、but用作关系代词，相当于who/that…not例：In China there is no one but knows Lei Feng.二、只用that不用which的情况1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时.3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。

高考英语专题定语从句知识点分类汇编附答案解析一、选择题1．The art festival is an annual event ______ the students can show off their talents.A．where B．that C．which D．as2．Newton is shown as a gifted scientist with every human weakness stood at the point in history magic ended and science began.A．who; where B．which; where C．who; when D．which; that 3．Take an active part in programs you enjoy______you can meet various kinds of people. A．what B．when C．that D．where4．I’ve come to the point____I can’t stand her arguing any longer.A．why B．which C．that D．where5．The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those lives were affected A．whose B．thatC．who D．which6．John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of are family members.A．them B．thatC．which D．whom7．Claims, if any, must be made within 30 days, _____ no claims will be accepted.A．without which B．for which C．during which D．after which8．5G is an exciting mobile technology, ________ will give a massive boost to smart cities and vehicles.A．where B．when C．that D．which9．—How did you find your way here？—It was by following the travel brochure _____ the route is clearly clarified.A．that B．how C．where D．which10．My brother bought a telescope, ______ he could study the star in the night sky.A．of which B．through which C．in which D．on which 11．Liberty, equality, and fraternity are the ideals _______ human beings have been fighting. A．to which B．against which C．with which D．for which 12．She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students ________ allows them to communicate freely with each other.A．which B．whereC．what D．who13．Car races are recorded and uploaded to YouTube and other video platforms, ______________ they can be viewed repeatedly.A．which B．where C．when D．there14．The other two areas ________ the two varieties differ are spelling and pronunciation.A．in that B．from which C．with which D．in which15．I don't think he is the suitable person，for he____experience，____is essential for the job. A．lacks；which B．lacking；as C．lacks of；which D．lacked；that 16．The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work ________ agood impression is a must.A．which B．when C．as D．where17．The course normally attracts 60 students per year, ______up to half are from Europe.A．in which B．for whom C．with which D．of whom18．It is a truly delightful place, ________looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.A．as B．whereC．that D．which19．Nowadays,villagers are proud of their culture and are actively protecting it,_______in turn improves the local tourism.A．that B．which C．where D．what20．The anti-epidemic fight is like a time-limited race _______ all medical care personnel make every effort to people's lives.A．that B．when C．which D．where21．We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true. A．which B．what C．when D．that22．Faye’s fondest memory is of last year, ______ the club gave a tea party for her birthday. A．that B．which C．where D．when 23．Eventually, the butterfly manages to reach the place____________ it will spend the winter. A．which B．when C．that D．where24．The tower, _________ was destroyed in the terrible storm, has been repaired.A．the roof B．which roof C．its roof D．the roof of which 25．All of us were so excited at the news ____we’ll go abroad for holidays ___we jumped with joy.A．that; that B．what; and then C．what; that D．which; so【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．A解析：A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句。

高中语法专项定语从句专题思维导图：1. 定义：在复合句中充当定语的从句，即一个句子作定语（=形容词）。

2. 关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语3. 关系副词在定语从句中作时间、地点、原因状语1. 关系代词who, whom, which, that, whose, as4. 限制性定语从句 2. 关系副词when, where, why定语从句 3. 从句对先行词起修饰限定作用，二者关系密切1. 关系代词who, whom, which, whose, as5. 非限制性定语从句 2. 关系副词when, where, why3. 从句只对先行词起补充说明作用，主从句常用逗号隔开定语从句一定没有what和how，非限制性定语从句一定没有that。

1.关系代词的基本用法2.关系代词that和which的用法区别3.关系代词as和which的用法区别4.关系副词的基本用法5.定语从句的其他用法要点一. 关系代词的基本用法导入：1.He has two sons and both of them are teachers.2.He has two sons, both of whom are teachers.基本用法：注意：（1）关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，不可省略。

在定语从句中作宾语时whom/who/which/that可以省略，as一般不省略。

（2）whose可与of which转换。

Whose = the + 名词+ of whichWhose = of which + the + 名词This is the house whose window broke last night.= This is the house, the window of which broke last night.= This is the house, of which the window broke last night.（3）such....as....结构（as引导定语从句）与such....that...结构（that引导状语从句）的区别例句：1.It is such a big stone as no man can lift.2.It is such a big stone that no one can lift it.二. 关系代词that和which的用法区别1.限制性定语从句中，必须用关系代词that的情况。

高中英语定语从句知识点整理定语从句是一种修饰名词或代词的从句，通常紧跟在先行词后面。

先行词是被定语从句修饰的词，而引导定语从句的词叫做关系词，包括关系代词和关系副词。

常见的关系代词有that。

which。

who。

whom。

whose。

as等，而关系副词则有when。

where。

why等。

关系词的作用包括引导定语从句、代替先行词以及在定语从句中担当一个成分。

关系代词中，who指人，在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语，当作宾语时可以省略。

例如，___ are from Class One.（正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。

）Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 ___.（想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。

）Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way.（昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。

）That ___.（那就是教我们物理的老师。

）另外，whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，同样也可以省略。

例如，Mr。

Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.（___就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。

）2.Li Ming is the boy I want to see。

The professor you are waiting for has arrived。

Our monitor is the girl the teacher often praises.Note: ___ "whom" ___.The man you met just now is my old friend.3.Which refers to things and can be the subject or object in a relative clause。

高考英语一轮复习：定语从句知识汇总概念定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来充当，充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。

定语从句所修饰的词叫作先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。

定语从句“三要素”1.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词①指人的先行词②指物的先行词★先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。

He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. (which替代前面所叙述的事情) 先行词2.关系词：引导定语的词(1)关系词的作用①替代前面的先行词（替代作用）②连接主句和定语从句（连接作用）③在定语从句中作句子成分（成分作用）(2)关系词的分类①标准：根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类②关系代词：在从句中做主，宾，表，定（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）③关系副词：在从句中作状语(When/where/why)引导定语从句的是关系代词that,which,who,whose,whom和关系副词when,where,why。

关系代词或关系副词既起连接作用,又充当从句中的一个成分。

3.定语从句：用来做定语，修饰限定先行词的句子定语从句的分类1.限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。

He is a teacher who works at our school.2.非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history.比较：He has two sons, who work in the same company. (He has only two sons.)He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he has two more sons)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别1. 形式不同限制性定语从句主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开，口语中使用时也不停顿；而非限制性定语从句与主句之间通常有逗号隔开，口语中使用时有停顿。

高考英语语法考点归纳总结：高考英语语法：定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句一.关系代词的用法: 关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中作主语在定语从句中作动词的宾语或者介词的宾语, 介词在后指人that / whothat / who / whom指物that / whichthat / which上表中黑框内的关系代词可以省略; 在口语及非正式文体中whom常被who所替代; 另外, 关系代词whose表示 (先行词)的二.示例:1.关系代词在定语从句中作主语a. Do you know the man that / who came to see Xiao Yang this morning ?b. This is a book that / which tells about space rocket.2.关系代词在定语从句中作动词的宾语a. The comrade ( that / who / whom ) they came to visit is a scientist.b. I will never forget the day ( that / which ) we spent in the countryside.3.关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语, 介词在后a. This is the house ( that / which ) he was born in.b. The person ( that / who / whom ) you should write to is Mr Ball.c. The man ( that / who / whom ) you talked with is our English teacher.4.whose引导的定语从句a. I know a lady whose husband is a Nobel Prize winner.b. The child whose mother died in the fire is now an engineer in our company.c. He is living in a house whose windows are painted white.三.应注意的问题:1.指物时, 关系代词只用that而不用which的情况:①.先行词被最高级或the only, the very, the same等修饰时a. This is the best play that was written by Jack.b. He is the only person that I can trust.②.先行词被序数词或the last等词修饰时a. This is the first car that arrived this morning.③.先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything等不定代词时或被不定代词all, any, no等修饰时a. All the people that come from the country work much harder.b. This is all that I can tell you.④.人+动物或事物共同作为先行词时a. My father and Mr Brown talked of things and persons that they remembered for about an hour.⑤.句中又有which作为疑问词出现时a. Which is the train that goes to Beijing ?2.关系代词who, which, that在定语从句中作主语时, 要注意定语从句中的主谓一致问题. 因为who / that / which指代先行词, 所以定语从句的谓语与先行词保持一致即可a. I came to get the book that was left in the classroom.b. I came to get the books that were left in the classroom.关系副词引导的定语从句一.关系副词的用法: when在定语从句中作地点状语; where在定语从句中作地点状语; why 在定语从句中作原因状语二.示例:a. He was well at the time when I saw him.b. Let’s meet at the place where we met yesterday.c. This is the reason why I am in favor of the singer.三.应注意的问题:1.在某些表示时间的名词后的关系副词可省略, 这样的名词如: the time, every time, each time, the moment, the minute, the second等 (也有语法家认为是这些名词直接引导了时间状语从句)a. By the time ( when ) he was fourteen years old he had learned much English.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句一.说明: 关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时, 介词可以位于关系代词之前, 从而构成介词+关系代词引导的定语从句二.这种定语从句中关系代词的用法: 在这种定语从句中, 关系代词只能用whom(指人)和which(指事物), 而不能使用that / who三.示例:a. This is the house in which he was born.b. The person to whom you should write is Mr Ball.c. The man with whom you talked is our English teacher.d. The gentleman, with whose daughter I worked, looked down upon woman.四.应注意的问题:1.关系代词前的介词可以是单个介词, 也可以是短语介词或类似短语介词的词组a. This is the house in which he was born.b. At five o’cloc k we reache d the house, in front of which there is a big tree.c. At five o’clock we reached the mountain, at the foot of which lie some farmhouses.2.根据表达的需要, 介词之前还可以有其他词, 从而构成名词或代词+介词+关系代词引导的定语从句a. I used to live in a small room, the window of which faces the street.b. At the gate stood a group of students, some of whom are girls.3.介词若为短语动词中的介词, 则不可将介词拆开放在关系代词之前a. This is the magazine whic h you are looking for.( for不能放在which之前)b. The child whom Aunt Li takes care of is ill.( of不能放在whom之前)4.关系副词when / where / why常可与介词+关系代词互换a. Do you remember the days when we were in Beijing? ( =in which we were in Beijing )b. Do you remember the park where we once played for a whole day?( =in which we once played for a whole day )c. This is the reason why he was absent yesterday. (= for which he was absent )限定性与非限定性定语从句一.两者的区别: 见下表形式作用译法限定性定语从句无逗号与主句分开修饰限定作用, 即不可缺少的定语其译文常位于先行词之前, 并体现的非限定性定语从句有逗号与主句分开附加、补充说明的作用, 若缺少它, 句意仍然完整常将其译成一个和主句并列的分句二.关系词的用法: 非限定性定语从句不能用that引导, 并且关系词在任何情况下都不能省略, 除此之外, 在关系词的使用上, 非限定性定语从句与限定性定语从句完全相同三.示例:a. My book, which is very old, is on the table.b. President Kennedy, who had heard of King before, was interested to meet him.c. His father, who is working in Beijing, is an engineer.d. The house, where he was born, has been destroyed in the earthquake.e. Mr. Smith, with whom you just talked, is our English teacher.f. The gentleman, with whose daughter I worked, looked down upon woman.四.应注意的问题:1.as / which都可以引导一个非限定性定语从句, as / which是关系代词, 指代主句中所提到的某种情况, 它们的不同点是:①.as引导的这种定语从句位置比较灵活, 可位于句首, 句中, 句尾; 但which引导的这种定语从句只能位于主句之后②. as还带有正如, 正象之意, 而which不含此意a. The earth is like a ball, as everyone knows.b. As everyone knows, the earth is like a ball.c. They said they were French, which wasn’t true.常见问题一.定语从句还原法: 试题中有很多有关定语从句的, 这类题往往需选择引导词部分. 做好这类题的关键首先是要有这样的观念: 定语从句应有完整而合理的句子成分. 基于这一点, 我们可以用还原法来检验定语从句是否正确, 即把定语从句还原成为一个简单句. 具体做①.第一步: 替换. 将关系代词直接替换成先行词, 如果是关系副词, 先替换成介词+关系代词, 再将关系代词替换成先行词②.第二步: 调整, 即调整语序, 看能否构成一个合理的简单句例如, 还原以下例句a中的定语从句的过程是: 先将that / which替换成先行词the park, 再调整语序, 就能得到一个合理的简单句: We visited the park last year. 再如, 还原以下例句b中的定语从句的过程是: 先将where替换成in which, 再将which替换成先行词the park, 再调整语序, 就得到一个合理的简单句: We once played for a whole day in the park.a. Do you remember the park that / which we visited last year?b. Do you remember the park where we once played for a whole day?c. Do you still remember the days that / which we spent together ?d. Do you still remember the days when we were together?二.分隔定语从句: 定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后, 但有时也被分隔开来, 在阅读时要注意根据定语从句所表达的意思来分辨先行词是什么a. I was the only person in the office who was invited.b. He was the only o ne of the students who passed the GRE.①.as引导的这种定语从句位置比较灵活, 可位于句首, 句中, 句尾; 但which引导的这种定语从句只能位于主句之后②. as还带有正如, 正象之意, 而which不含此意a. The earth is like a ball, as everyone knows.b. As everyone knows, the earth is like a ball.c. They said they were French, which wasn’t true.常见问题一.定语从句还原法: 试题中有很多有关定语从句的, 这类题往往需选择引导词部分. 做好这类题的关键首先是要有这样的观念: 定语从句应有完整而合理的句子成分. 基于这一点, 我们可以用还原法来检验定语从句是否正确, 即把定语从句还原成为一个简单句. 具体做①.第一步: 替换. 将关系代词直接替换成先行词, 如果是关系副词, 先替换成介词+关系代词, 再将关系代词替换成先行词②.第二步: 调整, 即调整语序, 看能否构成一个合理的简单句例如, 还原以下例句a中的定语从句的过程是: 先将that / which替换成先行词the park, 再调整语序, 就能得到一个合理的简单句: We visited the park last year. 再如, 还原以下例句b中的定语从句的过程是: 先将where替换成in which, 再将which替换成先行词the park, 再调整语序, 就得到一个合理的简单句: We once played for a whole day in the park.a. Do you remember the park that / which we visited last year?b. Do you remember the park where we once played for a whole day?c. Do you still remember the days that / which we spent together ?d. Do you still remember the days when we were together?二.分隔定语从句: 定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后, 但有时也被分隔开来, 在阅读时要注意根据定语从句所表达的意思来分辨先行词是什么a. I was the only person in the office who was invited.b. He was the only one of the students who passed the GRE。