2016-2017年高考英语二轮复习测试：专题一训练5文章出处或读者对象 Word版含解析

2016年10月份浙江新高考真题透视第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 略第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)第一节(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

ASuddenly another thought went through Kate's mind like an electric shock.An express train was due to go past about thirty minutes later.If it were not stopped，that long train，full of passengers，would fall into the stream.“Someone must go to the station and warn the station­master，”Kate thought.But who was to go？She would have to go herself.There was no one else.In wind and rain she started on her difficult way.Soon she was at the bridge that crossed the Des Moines River，a bridge also built of wood，just like the bridge across Honey Creek.The storm had not washed this away，but there was no footpath across it.She would have to cross it by stepping from sleeper(枕木)to sleeper.With great care she began the dangerous crossing，sometimes on her hands and knees，hardly daring to look down between the sleepers into the wild flood waters below.If she should slip，she would fall between the sleepers，into the rapidly flowing stream.At last—she never knew how long it had taken her—she felt solid ground under her feet.But there was no time to rest.She still had to run more than half a mile and had only a few minutes left.Unless she reached the station before the express did，many，many lives would be lost.She did reach the station just as the train came into sight.Fortunately the station­master was standing o utside.“The bridge is down！Stop the train！Oh，please stop it！”Kate shouted breathlessly.The station­master went pale.He rushed into the station building and came back with a signal light.He waved the red light as the train came into the station.It was not a second too early.21．What did Kate decide to do?A．Stop the express train. B．Check the signal light.C．Meet the passengers. D．Visit the station­master.22．Which of the following words best describes Kate's journey?A．Fruitless. B．Boring.C．Well­planned.D．Risky.23．Why did the station­master turn pale?A．He suddenly fell ill. B．He realized the danger.C．He discovered his mistake. D．He became over­excited.[短文分析]本文是一篇记叙文，主要考查考生快速查读、获取具体信息的能力和根据文中信息做出简单判断和推理的能力。

高考英语复习阅读理解——文章出处或读者对象题(2019·全国Ⅲ，D)Monkeys seem to have a way with numbers.A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0－25 drops of water or juice as a reward.The researchers then tested how the monkeys combined—or added—the symbols to get the reward.Here’s how Harvard Medical School scientist Margaret Livingstone，who led the team，described the experiment：In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens.On one part of the screen，a symbol would appear，and on the other side two symbols inside a circle were shown.For example，the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and the other end would have 9 and 8.If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice; if they went for the circle，they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers—17 in this example.After running hundreds of tests，the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time，indicating that they were performing a calculation，not just memorizing the value of each combination.When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely，they noticed that the monkeys tended to underestimate(低估)a sum compared with a single symbol when the two were close in value—sometimes choosing，for example，a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6.The underestimation was systematic：When adding two numbers，the monkeys always paid attention to the larger of the two，and then added only a fraction(小部分) of the smaller number to it.“This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains，”Dr Livingstone says.“But in this experiment what they’re doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one.”32．What did the researchers do to the monkeys before testing them?A．They fed them.B．They named them.C．They trained them.D．They measured them.答案C解析细节理解题。

2016高考英语二轮总复习：（全国卷Ⅱ）第1部分--题型重组（6）及答案第六组(建议用时：30分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2015·河北衡水中学高三第二次模拟考试)The last time I saw him was 12 years ago. Twelve years has passed, and I still remember eating pomegranates(石榴) while his thin hands combed through my hair. To this day, I still remember stories my grandfather used to tell me. As a child living in Korea, my grandfather was my closest friend, the man I spent every day with and depended on for back rides. We were inseparable from the moment we awoke until I fell asleep in his arms. I ate the food he prepared，and he was my pillow and storyteller. Little did we know that a day would come when his first granddaughter would leave. My father was to be stationed in the United States and time would blur(使……变模糊) our images of each other.On the summer of my sixteenth birthday, I would see my grandfather again. On the plane，thoughts of him ran through my mind during all 14 hours of the flight. Would he look the same？Would he be healthy? Did he still have the pictures I drew for him? Most importantly, would he remember me? I was short then and always smiling. He dressed me. Twelve years later and I was taller, had a different figure. I picked out my own outfits and had my own sense of style. I was scared he wouldn’t recognize I was his granddaughter.I landed in the airport and rode with my aun t and cousin to my grandfather’s house, where we found him pacing back and forth, awaiting my arrival. He looked the same, and as soon as I stepped out of the car and faced him, I began to cry. He ran toward me. “Tina！” My grandfather kept yelling. We met each other with open arms and he whispered, “I’ve been waiting for my granddaughter to come home. I missed you, my little Tina. Welcome home.”Our eyes filled with tears as we walked up the stairs, arm in arm, telling each other all the events we had misse d in each other’s life. He did remember. After all, I am his first granddaughter.1．It can be inferred that in childhood the author always ________．A．ate the food her grandmother preparedB．remembered the stories her grandmother toldC．rode on her grandfather’s backD．got on well with her father2．How old was the author when she left her grandfather?A．About 12 years old.B．About 6 years old.C．About 4 years old. D．About 2 years old.3．Why did the author think her grandfather probably would not make her out?A．Because her grandfather was forgetful.B．Because she was already a “big girl”．C．Because she was already an American.D．Because her grandfather was too old.4．The author met her grandfather ________．A．in the airport B．by herselfC．with her parents D．with her relativesB(2015·河南豫北、豫东十所名校联考)The way we cook is important. In many countries, the two choices are natural gas and electric-powered stoves.The World Health Organization warns that millions of people are dying every year from indoor air pollution which results from the use of dangerous fuels and cook­stoves in the home.Most of the deaths are in developing countries. To help fight the problem, the WHO announced new guidelines aimed at reducing household pollutants.The WHO’s plan of action for reducing indoor pollutants is based on new findings, which show that the useof toxic(有毒的) fuels in inefficient stoves, space heaters or lights is to blame for many of these deaths.Carlos Dora, an official in the WHO, says people should not use unprocessed coal indoors.He says, “Opening a window or door to let out the harmful air will not correct the situation. It will on ly pollute the outdoors. You can’t expect that a bit of ventilation(通风) is going to get rid of this. It is really about clean technologies and clean fuels. And, the fuel story has not been stressed enough so far in the global debate. So, that is the new thing. We should be going for clean fuels, avoiding coal and going for the solar.”WHO officials say indoor pollution leads to early deaths from stroke, heart and lung disease and childhood lung cancer. These diseases can often result from high levels of fine particulate matter and carbon monoxide(一氧化碳) released by the burning of solid fuels. These fuels include wood, coal, animal waste, crop waste and charcoal. Women and girls are the main victims.The United Nations found that more than 95 percent of households in sub-Saharan Africa depend on solid fuels for cooking. It says huge populations in India, China and Latin American countries, such as Guatemala and Peru, are also at risk.WHO experts note some new, safe and low­cost technologies that could help are already available. But this is just a start. They are urging developing countries to use cleaner fuels and increase access to cleaner and more modern cooking and heating appliances.5．The reason for indoor air pollution is ________．A．still unknownB．the use of solar energyC．the use of dangerous fuels and cook­stovesD．the frequent use of fuels in efficient stoves6．Who may be the least affected by indoor air pollution?A．Children in China.B．Men in Europe.C．Girls in sub­Saharan Africa.D．Women in Latin American countries.7．Solutions to the indoor air pollution problem include ________．①going for animal waste and coal②using clean fuels③increasing access to cleaner and more modern cooking and heating appliances④opening a window or door to let out the harmful airA．①④B．①③C．②③D．②④8．What’s the main idea of this passage?A．Health is very important to people in developing countries.B．People in developing countries are dying from air pollution.C．People in developing countries know too little about science and technology.D．Proper cooking ways help reduce the deaths in developing countries.Ⅱ.完形填空(2015·山西大学附中第五次月考)My mother has been a true inspiration to me and changed the way I look at life. Since my birth she has made it evident that I would become __1__ and that I would be one of the great ones. She has taught me that I can do anything if I put my __2__ to it.As a young boy, I struggled to achieve tasks that came __3__ to others. I had problems with writing, reading and especially speaking. I didn’t talk the way __4__ kids did and did not respond to questions or stay alert(警觉的) to my surroundings. My reading was poor __5__ with teachers helping me, and my speech was hard to __6__. Mywriting was not at the __7__ it should have been. Even simple things like knowing my left from my right or being able to snap my fingers(弹手指) were __8__．My mother __9__ all my challenges and as a professor with a Ph.D., decided to __10__ the situation early in my develo pment.She didn’t want me to __11__. After a while, we did indeed get over all the problems that had __12__ me.She spent hours every day __13__ me everything I needed to know, determined to help me learn. __14__ her I would not be anywhere close to the level I am now.In addition, she gave __15__ for my life. She told me what to do and what not to do. Her expectations have always been high __16__ she knows that I can do it. For that, I thank her. She would not allow her son to be incapable. She never __17__ on me, and to this day she tells me education is a must. I will be a __18__ person if I continue to follow her lead. She encourages me to study hard for my __19__ and attend college.She used her gifts as a __20__ to help a child—her child—and now I have the opportunity to become something.1.A.everything B．nothingC．anything D．something2．A.mind B．brainC．feelings D．work3．A.smoothly B．stronglyC．frequently D．easily4．A.average B．ordinaryC．normal D．common5．A.just B．everC．even D．only6．A.hear B．writeC．read D．understand7．A.level B．lengthC．speed D．degree8．A.problems B．excusesC．worries D．duties9．A.suffered B．observedC．removed D．tolerated10．A.study B．findC．change D．keep11．A.fight B．struggleC．strike D．challenge12．A.interrupted B．disturbedC．terrified D．troubled13．A.teaching B．givingC．supporting D．reminding14．A.Without B．ExceptC．Besides D．Beyond15．rmation B．adviceC．promise D．expectation16．A.before B．thoughC．because D．unless17．A.set up B．gave upC．pushed up D．looked up18．A.rich B．famousC．successful D．powerful19．A.training B．gradesC．experiments D．abilities20．A.woman B．doctorC．sister D．teacher第六组Ⅰ.阅读理解【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。

2016 高考冲刺模拟卷 ( 五)( 时间 :120 分钟满分:150分)第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力 (略)第二部分阅读理解 ( 共两节 , 满分 40 分)第一节 ( 共 15 小题 ;每小题 2 分, 满分 30 分)阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项(A 、B、 C 和 D)中 , 选出最佳选项。

( A )We don’t always get a second chance to achieve our dreams.But some people are lucky,like Matthew McConaughey.Once almost unknown,the actor has recently found himself back on the listof the best actors in Hollywood.His new movie Interstellar is just another sign that his careerreinvention has been an incredible success.“ The film relies on McConaughey’s performance to hold together the emotional story of a father and his daughter against the background of spacetravel and the end of the world,” Forbes commented.But only years ago,the Texas native was often the butt of jokes (笑柄) about being too handsome.In 1993,after meeting with director Richard Linklater,McConaughey starred in Dazed and Confused.And a Hollywood career was born,mostly in romantic comedies.For a long time,the wholeworld believed McConaughey was just a handsome guy with comic talent.But McConaughey stopped starring in that type of movie,and began to use his looksdifferently.Slowly he built up his reputation as a serious actor.In2013,McConaughey was offered to play an AIDS activist in Dallas Buyers Club.The role saw the normally muscular actor losing50 pounds in order to appear sick.His performance won him an Oscar for Best Actor.The actor gave thanks to someone he has always looked up to as a hero during his Oscar acceptance speech.When he was 15,the actor said,he decided that his hero would be himselfin 10 years.But 10 years later,he pushed the deadline ahead another decade.Then 10 yearslater,another decade.“ My hero’ s always 10 years away,”he said.“I’ m never going to attain that.That keeps me with somebody to keep on chasing. ” Or perhaps constantly chasing the chance to be his own hero has given him a second chance to follow his dreams.21.Why was McConaughey often the butt of jokes in his early career?()A.He was limited to handsome roles.B.He was unknown to the audience.C.He played in romantic comedies.D.He was handsome and emotional.22.What role won McConaughey an Oscar for Best Actor?()A.A caring father.B.An AIDS activist.C.A serious buyer.D.A strong hero.23.What can we learn about McConaughey?()A.He was born in Hollywood.B.He has become a hero of his own.C.He wasn ’ t famous until recently.D.He isn ’t content with his achievements.24.Which of the following can be the best title?()A.McConaughey,a Romantic ComedianB.McConaughey,a Man Making a HitC.McConaughey,a Man Daring to changeD.McConaughey,Handsome and Talented( B )Dear Amanda,As the Dean of Yale College,I am writing to congratulate you on your academic success andto introduce you to Yale ’s diverse opportunities....As you consider your college options,I hope that Yale remains among your top choices.This is part of an e-mail I received this fall.I admit it made me feel pretty special tohave Yale,one of the best universities in the world,approach me,a fairly average high schoolsenior from New Jersey.But why me?My grades are nothing to brag about.I didn’ t qualify for the National Merit Scholarship Competition.I haven’ t led a team sport or conducted scientific research.Later,I learned that each year,Yale sends mailings to roughly80,000potential students for its freshman class of 1,300.For the class of 2018,Yale rejected 93.7 percent of itsapplicants.And,according to the College Board,95percent of Yale ’ s enrolled(注册入学 )students were in the top 10 percent of their high school classes.Colleges want a top ranking by U.S.News & World Report.One way to get it?Low acceptancerates,which come from attracting lots and lots of applicants— and then rejecting almost all ofthem.So schools mail fancy brochures and send sincere e-mails to many more students than they’ll accept.Top schools defend their marketing,arguing that they’ re reaching students who otherwisemight not apply—because they don’ t think they could get in,or don’ t realize that most top schools offer lots of need-based financial aid.As William Fitzsimmons,dean of Harvardadmissions,said:“There are so many students out there in the world who might not automatically think about Harvard as a place to go.The chances of reaching the top of anything are not good,butis that a reason not to try?”But most of the students Fitzsimmons is talking about don’t consider Harvard because they ’re not academically qualified.Kids like me don’ t need false hope.Approaching students with aslim chance of getting in just creates more confusion and disappointment.So Yale(and Brown and Columbia),stop selling me on impossible dreams.25.Why did Yale send the author an e-mail?()A.To show it ’ s a top college.B.To persuade her to apply to it.C.To introduce its diverse courses.D.To send its congratulations to her.26.The underlined part“brag about” in Paragraph 3 probably means.A.worry aboutB.think aboutC.be proud ofD.be ashamed of27.We can infer from Fitzsimmons’ words that.A.a good beginning makes a good endingB.a brave attempt is a half successC.the older,the wiserD.no pains,no gains28.What does the author think of the approaches of top colleges?()A.She finds them easy to understand.B.She seems satisfied with them.C.She considers them necessary.D.She finds them annoying.(C)If you are a first-time traveler,take a look at some places to visit in Louisiana.Baton RougeThe second largest city in the state,Baton Rouge is the capital of Louisiana.With theMississippi river to the south,this is a major industrial and commercial center in the southern area.The Louisiana State Capitol area also plays host for the famous“ Mardi Gras” parades.Other places of interest around here are Perkins Rowe,Louisiana State Museum and the Baton Rouge Zoo.New Orleans Museum of ArtLocated in New Orleans,this museum includes some of the finest collections of art.One can particularly see around 50 beautifully carved sculptures on the landscaped garden.The collection mainly includes artworks of French and American origin.This museum is open for students andteachers who can take a tour here or even conduct workshops.National World WarⅡ MuseumThis museumis located in NewOrleans,Louisiana.It has an interesting array of exhibits,which are related to World War Ⅱ .On the 56th anniversary,this museumwas opened to the public.It gives the visitors a glimpse into the political and social life of the days during World WarⅡ .Avery IslandIt is actually a salt dome,which is the home of a rock salt mine in use since the time of the Civil War.The name stands,because in the 1830s this place was the home of the Avery family.It was the American-Indians who discovered the presence of the salt dome here.Avery Island is also famous for the well-known Tabasco pepper sauce.LafayettePopularly known as the Eden of Louisiana,this town is an interesting blend ofSpanish,American,African and Indian cultures.This town resonates with “ unity in diversity”.Some major attractions here include the Acadian village,Lafayette Natural History Museum &Planetarium,Acadian and Creole Folklore and Folklife Center,and the Summer Music Festival inAugust.People here really know how to enjoy themselves and celebrations,dance and music are apart of their lifestyle.29.You can enjoy the following places of interest in Baton Rouge EXCEPT.A.Perkins RoweB.the Acadian villageC.Louisiana State MuseumD.the Baton Rouge Zoo30.Which museum specially welcomes teachers and students?()A.Louisiana State Museum.B.New Orleans Museum of Art.C.National World WarⅡ Museum.fayette Natural History Museum & Planetarium.31.Which place is known as the Eden of Louisiana?()A.Baton Rouge.B.New Orleans.fayette.D.Avery Island.( D )What exactly is intelligence?There aren’ t any easy answers.Despite the progress that has been made in genetics and psychology,human intelligence has remained one of the most controversial areas of modern science,until now,that is,for the discovery of a gene( 基因 )linked to intelligence has made the experts think again.Robert Plomin of the Institute of Psychiatry in London and his colleagues in the US havebeen looking into genetic make-up.From their research,they have discovered that a slightlydifferent gene is more common in those with a high IQ.Plomin analyzed DNA from two groups of51 children aged between 6 and 15.What he found was that the first group had an IQ of 136,putting them in the top 5% of the population,while the other group had an average IQ of 103.An analysisof their genes showed that 32% of children in the higher group had the gene in question,whileonly 16%in the second group did.However,there is a lot more research to be done,and Plomin himself is cautious at this early stage.He suggests that there are probably many genes that contributeto intelligence,rather than just one.Several studies have shown a strong link between IQ and career success,although somepsychologists remain unconvinced about this.Professor Michael Rowe,who has written a book called Genius Explained,is one of these.“ The people with the highest IQs are not usually the oneswho do best in their careers.”Many psychologists now believe that when it comes to intelligence,IQ isn ’ t everything.Many alternative views have been put forward recently.One example is the idea of multipleintelligences,which was developed in the 1980s by Harvard psychologist Howard Gardner.This offers a much broader view than the IQ theory,including creativity and communication skills as relevant factors in intelligence.Tony Buzan,brain expert and author of Master your Memory,is enthusiastic about thisbelief,arguing that true geniuses(天才 )do indeed appear to combine high levels of each type of intelligence.He lists Alexander the Great,Pablo Picasso and Albert Einstein as examples.At thesame time,Buzan believes that everyone can develop their intelligence,only if they take thetrouble to exercise their brain.Perhaps there’ s hope for us all!32.What is the topic of the passage?()A.The relationship between genes and intelligence.B.IQ benefits a lot from high intelligence.C.How to develop intelligence.D.What makes intelligence.33.Why does the author use data in Paragraph 2?()A.To make a suggestion.B.To draw a conclusion.C.To prove an idea.D.To give an example.34.What can we learn from the passage?()A.Robert Plomin confirms genes have something in common.B.Howard Gardner thinks intelligence includes various factors.C.Michael Rowe approves of a strong link between IQ and career.D.Tony Buzan agrees geniuses exercise brain to improve intelligence.35.What does the underlined word“ This ” in Paragraph 4 refer to?()A.The development of intelligence.B.The idea of multiple intelligences.C.IQ isn ’ t everything for intelligence.D.Alternative views have been put forward.第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分,满分 10分)根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

仿真模拟检测卷(一)(时间：100分钟满分：120分)第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

A(导学号59430111)Social media is one of the fastest－growing industries in today's world.A study conducted by the US Pew Research Centre showed that 92 percent of teenagers go online daily.The wide spread of social media has changed nearly all parts of teenagers' lives.·Changing relationshipsHigh school student Elly Cooper from Illinois said social media often reduces face－to－face communication.“It makes in－person relationships harder because of people's attention given to their phones instead of their friends，”Cooper said.Yet，some people believe social media has made it easier to start relationships with anyone from anywhere.Beth Kaplan from Illinois met her long－distance friend through social media.He currently lives in Scotland，but they're still able to frequently communicate with each other.“I can feel close to someone that I'm talking to via FaceTime，”Kaplan said.·Wanting to be “liked”The rise of social media has changed the way teenagers see themselves.The 19－year－old Essena O'Neill announced on the social networking service Instagram that she was quitting social mediabecause it made her unable to stop thinking about appearing perfect online.Negative comments also can do great damage to a teenager's self －esteem.Teenagers who get negative comments can't help but feel hurt.·Opening new doorsHowever，Armin Korsos，a student from Illinois，takes advantage of the comments he receives over social media to improve his videos on the social networking site Y ouTube.“Social media can help people show themselves and their talents to the world in a way that has never been possible before，”Korsos said.【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了社交媒体对青少年生活的影响。

2020届二轮复习阅读理解中推理判断--文章出处或读者对象题考查解读【题型解读】几乎所有话题都可能涉及文章出处、文章类别或读者对象题。

设问形式常有：(1)This passage would probably/most likely be found in .(2)The passage is probably taken from/out of .(3)Where does the text probably come from?(4)The passage is probably intended for .(5)What type of writing is this passage?解题技巧——内容细节巧判断1．看内容判出处(1)文章前面有日期、地点或通讯社名称→newspaper(2)推销介绍新产品→advertisement(3)文章中有click here等网络用语→website(4)旅游胜地方面的介绍→travel guide(5)时尚、名人或娱乐方面的介绍→magazine/journal/entertainment section(6)科普知识→science report(7)文化教育性的文章→education section2．利用内容判断文章类别(1)旅游景点方面的介绍：travel guide(2)新产品/新书/新影片/演出介绍：advertisement(3)活动介绍：notice/announcement(4)文章前面有日期、地点或通讯社名称：news(5)科普知识/研究介绍：science report/study report3．确定读者对象先确定文章主题，再根据文章具体细节判断读者对象。

例如：【真题感悟】中第27题，从全文内容看，第一段提到丰收的七月带来的各种水果，说这些水果好比储存营养的小“动力室”；第二段提到山莓等各种水果含有的维生素等营养成分；第三、四段提到利用这些水果制作各种美食。

仿真模拟检测卷(二)(时间：100分钟满分：120分)第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

AHere are some of the favourite books that people might feel like reading in their leisure time.1．T w ilightAuthor: Stephenie MeyerRRP: (建议零售价) ￡6.99Save：￡3.13(45%)About the bookWhen Isabella Swan moves to Forks to live with her father，she expects that her new life will be as dull as the town's.But in fact she finds that her new classmates are drawn to this pale，dark－haired new girl in town.2．Hetty FeatherAuthor: Jacqueline WilsonRRP：￡11.73 Save：￡0.59(5%)About the bookHetty Feather is just a tiny fiery－haired baby when her mother leaves her on the step of the Foundling Hospital.The hospital cares for abandoned children—but Hetty must live with a foster family until she is big enough to go to school.3．A Good WomanAuthor: Danielle SteelRRP：￡7.99 Save：￡4.13(52%)About the bookAnnabelle Worthington lives a privileged life，but everything changes on a cold April day in 1912 when the sinking of the Titanic happens.Finding strength within her grief，Annabelle throws herself into volunteer work，nursing the poor.4．Return to the Hundred Acre WoodAuthor: David BenedictusRRP：￡12.99 Save：￡6.50(50%)About the bookOver eighty years since Winnie－the－Pooh first delighted readers，David Benedictus takes us back to the Hundred Acre Wood for more adventures.Return to the Hundred Acre Wood allows readers to spend a few more treasured hours with the Best Bear in all the world.【语篇解读】本文推荐了几本人们在业余时间可能喜欢读的书。