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第二部分语法专项突破(五)真题改编，语法填空1．(2018·浙江·3改编)An average of just 18.75cm of rain fell last year, making ________ the driest year since California became a state in 1850.答案：it 句意：加利福尼亚去年的平均降水量为18.75厘米，这使得去年成为自1850年建州以来最干旱的一年。
这里用it来指代上句提到的last year。
2．(2018·福建·21改编)In some countries, people eat with chopsticks, while in ________， knives and forks.答案：others 句意：在一些国家，人们用筷子吃饭，然而在另一些国家，人们用刀叉。
由句中关键词in some countries，再结合固定搭配some...others可知答案。
3．(2018·安徽·24改编)You can ask anyone for help. ________ here is willing to lend you a hand. 答案：Everyone 句意：你可以找任何人帮忙，这儿的每个人都愿意帮你。
根据第一句的暗示可知，说话人告诉对方这儿的“每个人”都愿意帮他，用everyone表示“每个人”。
4．(2018·重庆·1改编)A smile costs ________， but gives much.答案：nothing 句意：微笑不需要付出什么，但却可以给予很多。
由句中转折词but及“give much”可知应用nothing。
5．(2018·四川·1改编)She'd lived in London and Manchester, but she liked ________ and moved to Cambridge.答案：neither 句意：她曾经住在伦敦和曼彻斯特，但是她一个也不喜欢，就搬到了剑桥。
第二部分语法专项突破(三)真题改编，语法填空1．(2018·山东·6改编)There's a note pinned to the door ________(say) when the shop will open again. 答案：saying 句意：门上钉着一张纸条，上面写着商店再次营业的时间。
非谓语动词作定语修饰前面的名词a note，且note与say之间为主动关系，故答案为saying。
2．(2018·重庆·5改编)The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras________(return) to our shop for quality problems.答案：returned 句意：生产商定期来收集因质量问题退回到我们店的相机。
cameras与return是被动关系，故应用returned。
3．(2018·浙江·14改编)Amie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse ________(appoint) to guard her.答案：appointed 句意：Amie Salmon身有残疾，在她的学生时代有一个指定的护士来照顾她上学。
根据句子结构可知，此处非谓语动词的逻辑主语是空格前面的名词a nurse，与appoint构成被动关系，所以应用appointed 表示“被任命的”。
4．(2018·北京·28改编)There are still many problems ________(solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.答案：to be solved 句意：在我们准备长时间停留在月球之前，仍然还有许多问题有待解决。
第二部分语法专项突破(九)真题改编，语法填空1．(2018·新课标全国Ⅰ改编)The door ________ open, no matter how hard she pushed.答案：wouldn't 本题考查情态动词的用法。
句意：不管她怎样用力推，门就是打不开。
would情态动词(表示尽管付出很大努力却没有发生)就(不)，偏(不)，如：He kicked, pushed, and hurled his shoulder at the door. It wouldn't open.他冲着门又踢又推，还用肩膀撞，但门就是打不开。
故用wouldn't。
2．(2018·湖南改编)He ________ sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.答案：couldn't 考查情态动词。
句意：当他急于想出办法时，尽管他想睡，却无法入睡，直到他想出办法为止。
couldn't“不能”，符合题意。
3．(2018·安徽改编)It ________ be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.答案：couldn't 本题考查强调句和情态动词。
句意：不可能是词汇导致了你练习中的问题，因为你知道很多的词。
根据后半句“because you know a lot of words”，可知此处要用否定词，couldn't“不可能”，符合题意。
4．(2018·重庆改编)—What are you doing this Saturday?—I'm not sure, but I ________ go to the Rolling Stones concert.答案：might 本题考查情态动词。
[即时演练]A阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60 词左右的内容概要。
These days our society develops rapidly and forces people to rush. It appears that people have got used to being in a hurry. However, it’s better for people to take their time and live their life at a slower pace than to hurry to get things done.The main reason that convinces us to oppose doing work in a hurry is the possibility of doing wrongs in a rush. When people do their jobs or take action in a hurry, they can’t make a sound decision and probably regret later.As the saying goes，“Haste makes waste.”We should think carefully before making a decision and do our work less quickly. We should not make mistakes by doing work hurriedly.Slowing down the pace of life helps people enjoy their life better. For example, taking a train to some place certainly will take more time than taking a plane. However, taking a train makes people have enough time to get to know a lot of new friends. Besides, it allows people to fully enjoy the beautiful scenery along the way. On the contrary, being in a hurry will make us lose chances of enjoying our lives.Finally, slower life pace provides better health conditions for us. As is known to all, taking action in a hurry bothers people and raises their stress. People think if they are not in a hurry, they will become a loser and that annoys them. But being in a hurry can hurt people both physically and mentally. According to some studies, people who have a slower pace suffer fewer diseases, tend to be happier and live much longer than those whose life is tense, even if the former finish jobs more slowly than the latter.In short, working quickly will bring about more material benefits to make our society more advanced. Yet, much stress can ’ t bring enjoyment, friends and health, which are much more important than money and other material advantages. Therefore, take your time and live your life at a slower pace.One possible version：To live life at a slower pace is better than to live life in a hurry. There are three reasons for this.Firstly, doing things in a hurry will raise the possibility of making mistakes.Secondly, being in a hurry will not give people enough time to enjoy their life.Thirdly, doing things in a hurry raises people’s pressure and therefore is bad for their health.In brief, it is better for people to live life at a slower pace than to live life in a hurry.B阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60 词左右的内容概要。
2019年高考英语一轮总复习语法专项突破真题分类定语从句【xx新课标全国卷I】33．“You can't judge a book by its cover，”________．A．as the saying goes oldB．goes as the old sayingC．as the old saying goesD．goes as old the saying【解析】句意：俗话说，“你不能以貌取人”。
as the old saying goes是一个固定的用法，表示“俗话说”。
其他的各个选项都是错误表达形式，故都可排除。
【答案】C【xx新课标全国卷II】4．When I arrived，Bryan took me to see the house ______ I would be staying.A．what B．whenC．where D．which【解析】题干的意思是：“我到达后，布赖恩带我去看了我要住的房子。
”分析题干可知后句为限制性定语从句，关系词代替先行词house在定语从句中作地点状语，因此应选择关系副词where。
解答该类题目的关键在于分析关系词代替先行词在定语从句中所作的句子成分。
【答案】C【xx北京卷】27．Many countries are now setting up national parks________animals and plants can be protected.A．when B．which C．whose D．where【解析】题干的意思是：眼下，许多国家正在建立一些国家公园，动物和植物在那儿可以得到保护。
分析结构可知，此处是考查定语从句的引导词，先行词为national parks，定语从句中缺少地点状语，要用where来引导，相当于in which。
关系副词when在定语从句中作时间状语；which在定语从句中作主语、宾语；whose只作定语，三者均不符合语境，故正确答案为D项。
4．A.belief B．dreamC．heart D．job5．A.normal B．uniqueC．strong D．uneasy6．A.similar B．unusualC．loved D．respected7．A.However B．ThereforeC．Instead D．Otherwise8．A.free B．powerfulC．available D．comfortable9．A.care for B．look forC．ask for D．wait for10．A.missing B．makingC．choosing D．aiding11．A.idea B．cultureC．home D．chance12．A.chatting B．playingC．living D．dealing13．A.wise B．honestC．successful D．friendly14．A.change B．experienceC．support D．improve15．A.teacher B．roommateC．family D．organization16．A.going on B．turning aroundC．stepping forward D．settling in17．A.accustomed to B．excited atC．satisfied with D．interested in18．A.give up B．start withC．adapt to D．carry out19．A.role B．secretC．delight D．symbol20．A.helping B．discoveringC．enjoying D．controlling【解题导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。
作者在异国他乡找到了自己的“家”。
1．D根据最后一段开头的Yet again, I am living in Spain on my year abroad, but this time with students可知，作者重“访(visit)”西班牙。
[即时演练]A阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
These days our society develops rapidly and forces people to rush. It appears that people have got used to being in a hurry. However, it’s better for people to take their time and live their life at a slower pace than to hurry to get things done.The main reason that convinces us to oppose doing work in a hurry is the possibility of doing wrongs in a rush. When people do their jobs or take action in a hurry, they can’t make a sound decision and probably regret later. As the saying goes，“Haste makes waste.”We should think carefully before making a decision and do our work less quickly. We should not make mistakes by doing work hurriedly.Slowing down the pace of life helps people enjoy their life better. For example, taking a train to some place certainly will take more time than taking a plane. However, taking a train makes people have enough time to get to know a lot of new friends. Besides, it allows people to fully enjoy the beautiful scenery along the way. On the contrary, being in a hurry will make us lose chances of enjoying our lives.Finally, slower life pace provides better health conditions for us. As is known to all, taking action in a hurry bothers people and raises their stress. People think if they are not in a hurry, they will become a loser and that annoys them. But being in a hurry can hurt people both physically and mentally. According to some studies, people who have a slower pace suffer fewer diseases, tend to be happier and live much longer than those whose life is tense, even if the former finish jobs more slowly than the latter.In short, working quickly will bring about more material benefits to make our society more advanced. Yet, much stress can’t bring enjoyment, friends and health, which are much more important than money and other material advantages. Therefore, take your time and live your life at a slower pace.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ One possible version：To live life at a slower pace is better than to live life in a hurry. There are three reasons for this.Firstly, doing things in a hurry will raise the possibility of making mistakes.Secondly, being in a hurry will not give people enough time to enjoy their life.Thirdly, doing things in a hurry raises people’s pressure and therefore is bad for their health.In brief, it is better for people to live life at a slower pace than to live life in a hurry.B阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Many people are fond of listening to music. Whether it’s light music or jazz music, it can improve our moods. Music has been with us since very early times in human history. Have you ever wondered how music might affect our health?Research shows that having musical training and listening to or playing music at an old age can help keep the brain healthy. Since listening to music is like exercising the brain, one can expect the benefits of better memory and mental sharpness as he or she ages.Music can make you feel happy, excited or even pumped up. Listening to music that hits you in a special way causes your brain to release dopamine, which is known as a “feelgood”chemical. It causes to feel happy and excited.Listening to music provides us with the same burst of happiness that we would get from eating a piece of chocolate.Music can strengthen the heart and shorten the recovery time of patients who are suffering from heart disease. A study found that heart disease patients who listened to music for 30 minutes had lower blood pressure, slower heart rates and less sadness than those who didn’t. Researchers from Drexel University found that cancer patients who either listened to music or worked with a music therapist had better blood pressure levels and improved moods.Music can reduce levels of the stress hormone, which weakens the immune(免疫) system, increasing risk of heart disease, affecting learning and memory, lowering bone density(密度) and blood pressure, etc. Research found that by listening to just 50 minutes of uplifting music, the levels of antibodies in the human body increase.Research has found that listening to music promotes better sleep patterns for people and even creates more restful sleep. In some cases, music might even be able to be used to effectively treat sleeplessness. Music can have positive effects on the soul and quality of life as well.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ One possible version：Music has been part of our lives since ancient times and it benefits our health.Music can keep the aging healthy and make us happy or cheer up.As for its medical benefits, music is good for patients with heart disease, high blood pressure or cancer and can boost our immune system.Besides, music can help us sleep well and positively affect our soul and life quality.C阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
