水利水电中英文词库

水工建筑物专业词汇岸墙land wall坝顶dam crest，dam top坝踵dam heel坝趾dam toe板桩sheet pile边墩side pier，land pier变形模量deformation modulus鼻坎bucket lip毕肖普法Bishop method冰压力ice pressure剥离desquamation侧槽式溢洪道side channel Spillway沉降settlement齿墙cut-off trench冲沙闸（排沙闸）silt-releasing Sluice纯拱法independent arch method刺墙key-wall大头坝massive-head buttress dam*buttress 是扶壁的意思单宽流量discharge per unit width单曲拱坝single-curvature arch dam挡潮闸tidal sluice导流隧洞river diversion tunnel倒悬度Overhang degree底流消能energy dissipation by underflow地震作用earthquake action垫座cushion abutment动水压力hydrodynamic pressure断层fault堆石坝rock-fill dam多拱梁法multi-arch beam method阀门valve gate防浪墙wave wall防渗铺盖impervious blanket非常溢洪道emergency spillway分洪闸flood diversion sluice副坝auxiliary dam刚体极限平衡法limit equilibrium method for rigid block 拱坝arch dam拱冠梁crown cantilever拱冠粱法crown cantilever method工作桥service bridge固结灌浆consolidation grouting灌溉隧洞irrigation tunnel灌浆帷幕grout curtain管涌piping海漫apron extension横缝transverse joint虹吸式溢洪道siphon spillway蝴蝶阀butterfly valve护坡slope protection护坦apron弧形闸门radial gate滑雪道式溢洪道ski-jump spillway化学管涌chemical piping混凝土防渗墙concrete cut-off wall混凝土面板堆石坝concrete faced rock-fill dam 基本断面primary section简化毕肖普法simplified Bishop method浆砌石拱坝stone masonry arch dam浆砌石重力坝stone masonry gravity dam交通桥traffic bridge接触冲刷contact scouring接触灌浆contact grouting接缝灌浆joint grouting截水槽cut-off trench节制闸check sluice进水口water inlet进水闸inlet sluice井式溢洪道shaft spillway静水压力hydrostatic pressure均质坝homogeneous earth dam抗滑稳定分析analysis of stability against sliding 抗滑稳定性stability against sliding空腹重力坝hollow gravity dam空化cavitation空蚀cavitation erosion空注阀hollow jet valve宽缝重力坝slotted gravity dam宽尾墩flaring pier廊道gallery浪压力wave force理论计算theoretical computation拦河闸river sluice沥青混凝土asphalt concrete连拱坝multiple-arch dam流土soil flow流网法flow net method锚杆anchor rod面板face slab面流消能energy dissipation by surface flow模型试验model experiment泥沙压力silt pressure碾压混凝土坝Roller Compacted Concrete Dam 牛腿Corbel排沙隧洞silt-releasing tunnel排水drainage排水闸outlet sluice喷混凝土sprayed concrete平板坝flat slab buttress dam平面闸门plane gate破碎带crushed zone铺盖blanket砌石护坡stone pitching人工材料面板坝artificial material faced dam 人工材料心墙坝artificial material-core dam溶洞solution cavern软基重力坝gravity dam on soft foundation软弱夹层soft intercalated layer实用断面practical section试载法trial-load method双曲拱坝double-curvature arch dam水工建筑物hydraulic structure水工隧洞hydraulic tunnel，waterway tunnel 水力发电隧洞hydropower tunnel水利枢纽hydro-complex水力学方法hydraulics method水平施工缝horizontal joint水闸sluice弹性模量elastic modulus挑流消能energy dissipation by trajectory jet土工膜geomembrane土石坝earth-rock dam土质斜墙坝earth dam with inclined soil wall 土质斜心墙坝earth dam with inclined soil core 土质心墙坝earth dam with soil core帷幕灌浆curtain grouting温度荷载temperature load温度控制temperature control温度应力temperature stress温度作用temperature action无压隧洞free level tunnel消力池stilling pool消力戽roller bucket消能工energy dissipater泄洪隧洞spillway tunnel泄水建筑物discharge structure泄水孔outlet hole新奥法NATM（New Austrian Tunneling Method）胸墙breast wall扬压力uplift溢洪道spillway水垫塘plunge pool溢流坝overflow dam、翼墙wing wall应力分析stress analysis优化设计optimization design有限单元法finite element method有压隧洞pressure tunnel闸墩pier闸门gate闸门槽gate slot正槽式溢洪道normal channel spillway整体式重力坝monolithic gravity dam趾板toe slab支墩坝buttress dam重力坝gravity dam重力墩gravity abutment 周边缝peripheral joint 驻波standing wave锥形阀cone valve自由跌流free drop自重dead weight纵缝longitudinal joint键槽key strench伸缩缝contraction joint 施工缝construction joint 反弧段flip bucket拦污栅trash rack渐变段transition泄槽chute发电进水口power intake 通气管air vent检修门bulkhead gate事故门emergency gate 工作门service gate堰weir通气管air vent胸墙breast wall梁beam柱column回填混凝土backfill concrete 接地earth一期混凝土primary concrete 二期混凝土secondary concrete 叠梁门stoplog门机gantry crane止水waterstop钢筋reinforcement模板formwork围堰cofferdam马道bench；berm蜗壳volute水轮机turbine电站power house车间workshop发电机generator变电站transformer station副厂房auxiliary power house安装间erection bay尾水闸门tail lock尾水渠tailrace引水渠approach channel前池fore bay导墙lead wall隔墙partition wall接触灌浆contact grouting回填混凝土backfill concrete帷幕灌浆curtain grouting挡墙retaining wall港口harbour港口建筑物port structure船闸navigation lock船闸充水lock filling船闸充水和泄水系统locking filling and emptying system 船闸前池upper pool船闸上下游水位差lock lift船闸闸首lock head升船机ship elevator；ship lift鱼道fish canal旁通管by-pass 齿槽cut-off wall。

strain meter 应变计set out 放线、放样stake-line temperature sensor 温度传感器测桩线state plane coordinate system 国家平面坐标集线站terminal station其他（Others）系survey point 测点check hole 检查孔theoretical point 灌区理论点compartmenttraverse(polygon) 导线（测dense mix 浓浆量）、横断error of traverse 导线闭合差foundation uplift 基础隆起lattice traverse 网格状导线灌浆孔grout holelong side traverse instrument hole 仪器孔长导线open traverse 非闭合primary/secondary and tertiary grout holes 一导线short side traverse 短导线序、二序、三序灌浆孔traverse closure 导线闭合加密灌浆孔距spilt spacingtraverse station 导线点waste mix 弃浆traverse survey 导线测量Survey◆测量（）triangulation 测量方法及术语（Methods and Terms）三角测量triangulation network 三角网调整校正adjust 、triangulation of high order 高等级三角网adjustment 平差triangulation point 容许误差allowance 三角点三边测量backsight point 后视点trilateration程控制网basic point 基础点vertical-control net 高bench mark 水准点木桩wood pile Angular Measure）角度测量（compass 罗盘azimuth 方位角chainage(station number) 桩号象限角bearing 方位三角锁chain of triangulation 、器、水准buddle 、check 校核对照气泡圆盘circle 度盘、控制control point 点器圆水坐标点coordinate point 准circular bubbledatum 基础面轴视准collimation axis点基datum point 准十字丝cross-line(cross-hair)偏差depression angle 俯角deviationeasily identifiable point elevation angle 仰角点容易识别eyepiece(ocular) error 误差目镜量field pole(staff) 标杆一等三角测first order triangulationgeodetic foot-screw 学的大地测量脚螺栓量geodetic surveying 大地测水平角horizontal angle量合联测）mark 标志（明joint survey已知点known point 物镜objective lens面水level surface 准垂线铅垂、plumb(plummet)局local triangulation networks 准、观测sight 瞄部三角网准瞄target 国national coordination system 家坐标网目标、监视观测observe 、纬仪theodolite 经point to be located 待定点横轴tranverse axistripod 三脚架置位、定位position踏勘、选点reconnaissance 竖直角vertical angle参考点reference point vertical axis 竖轴量二等三角测second order triangulation Telescope望远镜（）1centering 对中reduced level 归化高差run back 返测盘左face leftrun out 往测face right 盘右three-wire leveling 三丝法水准focus 集中、焦点测量地形测量（Topographic Survey focusing 调焦）boundary 边界、界线index error 指标误差inverted position of telescope(reverse construction stake 施工标桩contour 等高线盘右telescope)倒镜、normal position of telescope(direct telescope)contour interval 等高距contouring 绘等高线、正镜盘右contour-length method 光学垂准器等高线延长法optical plummetcontour line 等高线round 测回control network 控制网set 套、组detail 细部、详图station 测站draw 绘图距离测量（Distance Measure）field 外业气barometer 压计fix 固定、确定base line(basic line/datum line) 基线form line 地形图电battery 池EDM(electromagnetic distance measurement) grid 格网information 注记、资料、情报电磁波测距marginal information 轮廓注记滤波器滤光片filter 、large-scale 大比例尺的laser alignment system 激光准直系统latitude 纬度、范围laser beam 激光束latitude circle 纬圈prism 棱镜latitude line range 纬线距离测程、legend 图例long range 远程location 定线、程medium range 中定位longitude 经short range 短程度longitude line 测距仪经线range findermap signal 地图、制图信号mapping 制图、测spring balance 弹簧称图、地质素描match line 拼接线卷尺tapemonument 标石invar tape 铟瓦钢卷尺、石柱object 高程测量（Height Measurement地物、目标）plan 程、高海拔平面图、略图altitude/elevationplot 近似approximate leveling 置绘图粗平平、profile 断面（图）、纵剖图准自动定平水automatic level 仪difference in altitude(difference of record 记录、资料setup 定置elevation ,height difference) 高差仪器site location error of closure in leveling 差合闭准定位水stake out 放样、定线平置、精平exact leveling 确、立桩symbol 仪（测点）准水level 符号、记号topographic detail 水level circuit 地形细部环合准闭topographic map 地形图尺垫准水level shoe◆原形观测观测仪器和设施线路准水line of level {Instrumentationand Facilities）国national geodetic vertical datum 家大地高air-entraining meter 面准基程掺气剂2Carlson-type piezometer 卡尔逊式渗压计component 零部件coordinator 坐标仪concrete strain meter 砼应变计damping box 阻尼角convergent point 收敛测点differential resistance direct plumb line 正垂线差动电阻double layer rubber sleeve earth pressure cell 土压力盒双层保护forced centering plate 强制embankment piezometer 坝体渗压计对中盘instrument lead 仪器电堤应变计缆embankment strain meterinvar wire 铟瓦丝extended wire 引张线metal ring 计金属环foundation piezometer 基础渗压plumb coordinate meter horizontal inclinometer 水平测斜仪垂线坐标仪pulley 滑轮hydraulic instrument 水力学仪器regulator 调节器水听器hydrophoneriser 立管inclinometer casing 测斜管sensor interface joint meter 界面变位传感器计spool inverted plumb line 倒垂线绕轴steel socket 钢micro piezometer 微压计底座tablet 多点位移计药片multiple position extensometertensioning weight 张拉重锤observation point 观测标点thermistor 热敏电observation well 观测井阻tip 测头视optical alignment line 准线安装过程（Procession of Installation）plate strain meter 钢板计assemble 组装pneumatic piezometer 气压式渗压计couple 连接脉动压力pressure fluctuation meter 计prestressed tendon anchorage 埋设embed安装install 索dynamometer 预应力锚测力计绝缘insulate rock bolt extensometer 锚杆测力计维护计single point extensometer 单点位移maintenancespiral sensor 测扭仪监测monitor测压standpipe 管仪器保护protection of instrumentation归纳reduce 强震仪strong-motion seismograghsurface monument 表密封seal 面标点拼接temperature sensor 温度传感器splice提供终端房terminal house supplyterminal station 终端站测试testInformation资料（倾角tilt meter 计）简图计时均压力time average pressure cell assemble schematic 装配合格证书总压力盒total pressure cell certificate书说计velometer 流速使用明descriptionvertical inclinometer 垂直测斜仪维护指南maintenace guideline书震旋式渗压vibrating wire piezometer 计manual 说明振旋式沉降vibrating wire settlement sensor 理工作原operating principle作仪范围operating restraint 操序procedure 水堰量的带微压weir with micro piezometer 计程程基点工作working base point 序分trouble shooting procedure 鼓掌析zerostress-strain meter 其他（Others）计砼无应力间）Acessories and Spare Parts附件及配件（行annular space 环空coil data acquisition 盘绕数据采集 3cement mark(strength of cement /cement 数据记录data recordinggrade) 水泥标号leas drilling hole 引线孔consumptive use of water normal consistance 永久记录permanent record标准稠度用水readout device 读数设备量degree of mobilization 流动性saturated 饱和的dissolution heat ( solution heat ) 溶解热seepage isolation dike 截渗堤final set trapezoidal 梯形终凝flexural strength 抗弯强度◆水工常规试验flyash 粉煤灰砼原材料试验（Test of Raw and Processedhydration heat 水化热Material of Concrete）initial set Aggregate）初凝骨料（abrasion volume by Los Angeles rattler loss on ignition(ignition loss) 烧矢量setting time 凝结时量间洛杉机磨耗silica fume 计accumulated retained percentage 累筛余百硅粉soundness 水泥的安定性分率specific surface area 比表acicular and flaky grain in aggregate 针状与面积specific heat 量片状颗粒含比热water demand ratio 吸水alkali-aggregate reaction 碱骨料反应量比外加剂（Admixture）视密度apparent densitybubble stability 泡沫稳定性bulk density (unity weight) 容重clay lumps and friable particles in aggregate bubbling ability 起泡能力chloride content 氯化物含量块及易碎颗粒含土量黏compressive strength rate 抗压强度比软化系数coefficient of softeningcontract with dry rate crush index 压碎指标干缩率dispersing coefficient 干燥状态dry state 分散系数dispersing ability of waterexceeding and inferior grain in-reducing agent 减水剂aggregate 超逊径颗粒含量分散能力loss of slump 塌落度损失细度模数fineness modulussulphate content 硫酸盐含空隙率量gaping place ratesolid content 分计grader retained percentage 筛余百固体含分率量surface tension 颗粒级grain composition 配表面张力water-reducing rate 减水率粒径grain size水（Water）量lightweight matter in aggregate 轻物质含alkalinity 碱度量云母含mica contentcalcion 含水率钙离子moisture content(water rate)carbonic acid mud content 钙酸含泥量chlorion 有机质含organic content 量氯离子equivalent concentration 骨料潜在活性potential reactivity of aggregate 当量浓度oxygen consumption saturation 饱和的耗氧量normal solution (standard 曲线筛sieving curve 分solution) 量soft grain in aggregate 软弱骨料含标准溶液PH value PH坚固性值soundnesswater analysis 水值面含水率表surface moisture content 分析砼（水溶性硫化物water-soluble sulphide Concrete）砼拌和物（水硬性胶凝材料Mixture(Hydraulicity cementitious ）material) assurance strength of concrete 砼保证强度bleeding rate age 泌水率龄期4cement-sand ration 灰砂比砂浆（Cement）cement lime mortar 标号水泥石灰砂浆design strength of concrete 砼设计cement mortar 水泥砂浆flowability of concrete 砼的流动性cement-clay mortar 水泥黏土mix proportion (proportion of mixture) 砼配合砂浆epoxy mortar 环氧砂浆比lime mortar 石灰砂浆mixture uniformity 拌和物的均匀性plastering mortar 抹面砂浆penetration-obstruction method 贯入阻力法pointing joint mortar probability of ensuring strength of concrete 砼勾缝砂浆土（Soil强度保证率）accumulation curve (cumulative curve) 累砂率sand rate 计曲线单位用水量unit consumption of wateractivity index 活性指标water retention (water retentiveness) 保水性angle of frictionwater-cement ratio 摩擦角水灰比Atterberg limits(water content as limit) Hardened concrete 阿）硬化砼（太堡界限（界限含水量axial tensile strength 轴向抗拉强度）California bearing ratio 导热系数载重比coefficient of thermal conductivitycoarse-grained soil cooling rate 冷却率粗粒土coefficient of compressibility 压缩系数砼芯样core of concretecoefficient of cubical徐变变creep deformation (time deformation )compressibility 体积压缩系数形coefficient of curvature 曲率系数form coefficient(form factor) 形状系数compression 压缩freezing -melting circulation 冻融循环compression index frost-resistance mark 抗冻标号压缩指数compression modulus 压缩模数砼热学性能heat property of concreteconsolidated-undrained (quick) shear test height-diameter ration 高径比固结不排水剪（固结快剪）试验linear expansion coefficient 线膨胀系数consolidated-drained (slow) shear test loss of weight 重量损失固结不排水剪（慢剪）试验自振频率natural frequencyconsolidation 固结permeate 渗透consolidation coefficient 透permeated height 渗高度固结系数consolidation settlement 固结沉降permeated-resisting mark 抗渗标号consolidation stress 系固结应力透relative coefficient of permeability 相对渗continuous grading/gradation 连接级配数contraction test(shrinkage test) 收缩试验振频率共resonance frequencycore cutter method sample 试环刀法件creep curve self-grown volume deformation（砼）蠕变曲线自生体积critical slope 变形逸出坡降（临界坡降）Darcy's law 达西定律劈裂抗拉强度splitting tensile strengthdegree of consolidation 固结度static compressive modulus of elasticity 静力degree of free swelling 自由膨胀率抗压弹数direct shear test 导温系数直接剪切试验temperature conductivitydirect shear test of reiteration 反复直剪强度试抗拉弹性模tensile modulus of elasticity 量验绝热温升thermal insulation warmingdistribution curve 分极限拉应变ultimate tensile strain 布曲线drift soil (shifting soil/mass flow) 极限抗拉强度ultimate tensile strength 流土effective angle of inner friction 有效内摩擦角磨损率wear rateeffective strength envelope 有效强度抗冲磨强度wear-resisting strength 包线5expansion force 膨胀力剪（快剪）试验variable head method 变水头法expansion ration(specific expansion) 膨胀率void(pore) ratio 孔隙比渗流filtering flow(seepage flow)water replacement method 灌水法fine-grained soil 细粒土wet density 湿密度flow net(drift net) 流网其它建筑材料hydraulic slope 水力坡降钢筋（steel hydrometer method 比重计法）bending and unbending 反常水头法复弯曲hydrostatic head methodcold bending test 冷弯试验limit equilibrium state 极限平衡状态elongation test 拉伸试验liquefaction 液化nominal diameter 公称直径liquid limit 液限ratio of elongation liquidity index 液化指标伸长率relaxation test maximum dry density 最大干密度松弛试验steel strand 钢绞线method of sieving 筛分法tensile yield strength 拉伸屈服强度Mohr's stress circle 莫力应力圆ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度库伦破坏Mohr-coulomb failure criteria 莫尔-Wood）准则木材（curshing strength paralled to the normal stress 法向应力（正应力）oedometer curve 顺纹抗压强度grain 压缩曲线tensile strength paralled to the 量optimum moisture content 最优含水顺纹抗拉强度涌piping 管graincrushing strength across th e plastic limit 塑限横纹抗压强度grain plasticity index 塑性指标tensile strength across to the 空隙水压力pore water pressure空隙率porosity 横纹抗拉强度grainprincipal stress 主）沥青（应力Asphalt脆化点试验Proctor compaction test 普氏击实试验brittle temperature test相对密度relative density 延伸度试验expansion testsand replacement method 灌砂法针入式试验penetration testsaturability (saturation degree/percent 软化点试验softening point testtest of aging saturation) 饱和度老化试验viscosity test 饱和容重saturated unit weight 粘滞性试验Quality Management透seepage deformation 渗变形）质量管理（average 力渗seepage force(seepage pressure) 透平均值deviation standard(error of mean 透渗seepage line 线均方差squares) 速度渗seepage speed 透deviationcoefficient(dispersion shear stress 切向应力（剪应力）离差系数缩限shrinkage limit coefficient)断级间skip(gap/jump) grading 配相关系数index of correlation土specific gravity of soil particle 粒比重界限management limit 管理steady seepage field 统计数稳定渗流场mathematic statistics 理maximum 应力路径stress path 最大值值minimum 最线包总强度total strength envelope 小布三轴压缩试验triaxial compression test 正态分normal distributionunconfined compression strength 保证量quality assurance 无侧限抗压质量强度检测质quality examinationunconsolidated undrained test regression curve 不固结不排水回归曲线 6relative dampness 相对湿度mud crack 泥痕rain print 雨痕本容量sample capacity 样orientation of bedrock 岩层产状sampling frequency 取样频率strike specimen 样品走向dip 倾向统计分析statistical analysisangle of dip (dip angle ) 倾角technical specification 技术规范fold technical standard 褶皱技术标准anticline testing circumstance 试验环境背斜syncline 向斜testing error 试验误差Monocline (homocline) 单斜testing regulation 试验规程dome 穹隆析variance analysis 方差分soft stratum ◆地质(Geology)软弱岩层zone of fracture(broken zone ) 破碎带地质年代（Geochronology of Geologicaffected zone Ages）影响带platy structure 板状构造Archaeozoic era (erathem) 太古代（界）解理cleavage Proterozoic era (erathem) 元古代（界）fracture(rupture) 断裂古生代（界）Palaeozoic era (erathem)fissure(crack/fracture) 裂隙Mesozoic era (erathem) 中生代（界））岩石类型（Rock typeCenozoic era (erathem) 新生代（界）岩石学petrology Sinian period (system) 震旦纪（系）岩igneous rock 火成寒武纪（系）Cambrian period (system)Ordovician period (system) 奥陶纪（系）岩浆岩magmatic rock火山岩lava(vocanic rock) 志留纪（系）Silurian period (system)侵入岩intrusive (invade) rock Devonian period (system) 泥盘纪（系）成石碳纪（系）Carboniferous period (system) 岩effusive rock 深成岩pypabussal rock 二叠纪（系）Permian period (system) 浅三叠纪（系）acid rock 酸性岩Triassic period (system) 侏罗纪（系）Jurassic period (system) 中性岩inter-mediate rock基性岩basic rock Cretaceous period (system) 白垩纪（系）第Tertiary period (system) 三纪（系）超基性岩ultrabasic rock第Quaternary period (system) 四纪（系）花岗岩granite斑岩Geologic Structural地质构造（）porphyryrhyolite 玢岩断层faultsyenite normal fault 正断层流纹岩逆断层reversed fault trachyte 粗面岩diorite parallel fault 平移断层闪长岩andesite 安山岩断层泥gouge擦痕stria 辉长岩gabbrojoint 理节玄武岩basaltprimary joint 理原生节细晶岩aplitesecondary joint 理次生节pegmatite 伟晶岩tension joint lamprophyre 煌斑岩理张节diabase 理卸荷节unloading joint 辉绿岩理片schistosity 橄榄岩dunite理层bedding pumice 浮岩）理（叶理板foliation 沉积岩sedimentary rock波痕ripple mark clastic rock 碎屑岩7clay rock 黏土岩quartz 石英topaz 黄玉chemical rock 化学岩corundum 刚玉biolith 生物岩diamand 金刚石砾岩conglomerateorthoclase 正长石siltstone 粉砂岩plagloclase 斜长石mudstone 泥岩biotite shale 页岩黑云母muscovite saline rock 盐岩白云母amphibole 角闪石limestone 石灰岩phroxene 辉石白云岩dolomiteolivine marl 泥灰岩橄榄石dolomite 白云石volcanic breccia 火山角砾岩kaolinite 高岭石火山块集岩volcanic agglomeratemontmorillonite 蒙脱石tuff 凝灰岩膨润土bentonite metamorphic rock 变质岩斑脱石、illite 板岩slate 伊力石garnet 石榴子石phyllite 千枚岩chlorite 绿泥石schist 片岩serpentine 蛇纹石gneiss 片麻岩pyrite 岩黄铁矿石quartzite 英marble 大理岩hematite 赤铁矿糜棱岩magnetite 磁铁矿mylonitemigmatite 混褐铁矿limonite 合岩）工程地质（cataclasite 碎裂岩Engineering Geology 技土工eotechnics ( geotechnique) 土工学（sediment(deposit) 沉积物（层）G）岩石工程术、漂石boulder 、顽石cobble 卵石岩石力学rock mechanics砾石gravel 力学soil mechanics 土岩石力学地质力学sand 砂、geomechanics engineering geological 粉siltstone 土clay 黏土地质条件conditons 工程砂质黏sandy clay 土问题engineering geological problem 工程地质clayey sand 岩体结构粘质砂土rock mass structure地形黏壤sandy loam 土、亚土geographic and geomorphic conditions土、表土浮regolith ( topsoil ) 地貌条件物理黄loess 土地质现象geophysical phenomenon 土红laterite 水文地质条件hydrogeological conditionsnatural materials 泥炭peat 天然材料海泥、ooze 软泥水库reservoir沉降Rock-forming 造岩矿物（settlement位移Minerals）displacementdeformation 变形滑石talctectonic stress 石膏gypsum 构造应力残余应力residual stress 方解石calcite内摩擦角萤石fluorite angle of internal friction凝聚力）磷灰石apatite 、cohesion 内聚力（粘聚力feldspar pressure tunnel 长石压力隧洞8underground cavern/cavity 地下洞室alluvium 冲积物（层）proluvium(diluvium) 洪积物（层）overburden 覆盖物deluvium 坡积物（层）bed rock(base rock/foundation rock) 基岩eluvium 残积物（层）firm/sound rock 坚硬岩石eolian deposit weak/soft rock 软弱岩石风积物（层）lake deposit 湖积物（层）interbed 夹层marine deposit 海积物（层）zone of fracture (broken zones ) 破碎带glacial (drift) deposit 冰川沉积物（层）homogeneity 均质性colluvial deposit (colluvium)nonhomogeneity/heterogeneity 非均质性崩积物（层）isotropy 各向同性cross-bedding 交错层geologic structure 地质构造anisotropy 各向异性geotectonics 矿物质的物理性质(Physical Character of 大地构造学graben Minerals)地堑horst 地垒hardness 硬度cordance(conformity) 整合光泽lusterdiscordance(unconformity) color 颜色非整合deceptive cordance /conformity 假整合transparencey/pellucidity 透明度地质作用(Physical Geology Action) 条痕streakweathering 风化rent/fracture 断口erosion 侵蚀crystal form 晶形transportation 搬运(Petrology) 岩石学deposition/sediment 类沉积classification 分denudation structure 构造应力剥蚀corrasion 磨蚀texture 结构corrosion fabric 腐蚀组构dissolution 成mineral composition 矿物组溶蚀landslide 滑坡crystalline 结晶质collapse(rock fall) 崩塌非晶质amorphous substance mud flow fossil 化石泥石流earthquake 地震磨圆度degree of roundingintensity 烈度degree of grains 粒度magnitude 震级(Stratum andPhysiognomy) 地层地貌◆水文盆地basin (Hydrology)ground water(subsurface water) 地下水river valley 河谷surface water 地表水河床river bedatmospheric water 地形topography 大气水runoff terrain 径流地势fresh /plain /sweet water attitude 产状淡水river flow/discharge rock base ( batholite) 河水流量岩基peak flood flow 洪峰流量rock stock 岩株flood out flow 岩流rock flow 洪水下泄流量dry season rock loccolith 岩盖枯水季wet season 丰水季岩盆rock lopolithflood (raining) season 岩墙rock dike 汛期non-flood season 岩床rock sill 非汛期5% frequency flood 20 年一遇洪水vein dyke 岩脉flood control 沉积物（层）sediment(deposit) 防汛9（二）工程施工.机电类trunion beam 支饺梁dogging beam 锁定梁◆金属结构（Hydromechanical work)启闭机（Hoist）闸门(Gate)wire rope hoist 固定卷扬式启闭机工作门service gatehydraulic hoist emergency gate 事故门液压启闭机monorail hoist 单轨启闭机maintenance gate 检修门overhead crane 桥机sector gate 弧形闸门bridge crane 偏心铰闸门桥机eccentric hinge sector gatesupport frame 机架plane gate 平面闸门reducer 减速器fixed wheel plane gate 定轮平面闸门motor 电动机trashrack 拦污栅pulley 滑轮trash rake 清污机live pulley ）动滑轮预埋件（Embedded Partsfixed pulley 底sill 砍定滑轮equalizer pulley 平衡滑轮main guide 主轨drum 卷筒副轨auxiliary guidesteel wire rope 钢丝绳reverse guide 反轨position sensor 高度传感器side guide 侧轨load sensor 荷载传感器lintel 门楣brake 制动器steel liner 钢衬hydraulic system 液压系统高压冲水管high pressure water pipeoil cylinder 油缸pressure balance water pipe 冲水水平管piston rod 活塞杆）部件（组件/Assembly/partspump station gate leaf 门泵站叶oil tank 邮箱crank 拐臂pipe 管道arm 支撑filter seal 水封过滤器accumulator 蓄能器主main seal 水封valve 阀侧水封side seallogic valve top seal 顶水封逻辑阀check valve 单向阀底bottom seal 水封ball valve 球阀节流器水封辅auxiliary seal 助、cartridge valve 插装阀clip plate 压板solenoid operated directional slide block 滑块valve 电磁换向阀side slide block 侧向滑块门式起重机（Grantry Crane）反reverse slide block 向滑块rail 轨道定轮fixed wheellifting mechanism 起升机构轮主main wheeltraveling mechanism 运行机构side wheel 侧轮inspection trolley 重配ballast 检修小车gantry 吊耳lifting ear 门架support column 拉杆门腿lifting linkprimary beam 主梁支饺trunionbridge beam 横梁铰链hingecross beam 端梁饺座hinged supportside beam 铰轴hinged shaft 边梁lifting beam 端盖cover 起吊梁10hook 吊狗progressively 逐渐地purity 纯度buffer 缓冲装置push 推rail clamping device 夹轨器reliable driving wheel 主动轮可靠的residual oil 余油driven wheel 从动轮retraction 回缩其他（Others）run abnormal vibration 反常运行震动secure activate 激活保护separately or simultaneously 单独/anti-clockwise 逆时针同时地set up anticorrosion 防腐架设setting 设置/carry on 继续进行读数shim 行薄垫片执carry outslack 松弛clockwise 顺时针static loading test 静载试验试运行commissioningstill water 静水concentricity deviation 同心度偏差switch off 切断connect 连接synchronize 同步debris 碎片tighten de-energize 拧紧断电under water head condition 探测水压作用条件下detectwet test dry test 无水试验有水试验◆焊接和无损检验（Welding and dynamic loading test 动载试验Nondestructive Testing）加电给energize ……焊接{erection 架立Welding）arc strike 引弧/伸展expansion 弧伤arc welding 扣紧电弧焊fastenautomatic welding fit 安装自动焊back gouging 背面清根flowing water 动水backing 垫板闭门gate closurebase metal gate opening 启门母材build-up welding 堆焊/补焊门位恢复gate position restorationbutt joint 空载试验对接接头idle testcarbon rode impact 碳棒碰撞complete fusion 完全融合in pressure balance condition 平压条件下……lift……into position 将起吊到位角接接头corner joint涂料焊条covered electrode 定位locate降下试件coupon lowerdirect current electrodemanual operation 手动操作直流电极接负noise 噪声negative(DCEN)direct current electrodenote 记录operating gap 直流电极接正运作空隙positive(DCEP)衬垫pack double welding 双面焊particle 微粒double-bevel groove weld 双斜边坡口焊缝执行perform 型坡口焊缝double-J groove weld 双面J型坡口焊缝双面精确定位position accurately Udouble-U groove weld型坡口焊缝精确的precise V double-Vee groove weld 双面/预置/预留pre-set 电极焊条electrode按下按钮press button electrode holder 焊钳11electrosgas welding 电气焊weldment 焊件无损检验（电渣焊Nondestructive Testing）electroslag weldingangled beam filler metal 填充金属斜射波back scatter 背散射fillet weld 角焊缝calibration block 校准试块full fillet weld 大填角焊缝cleaning agent flat welding 平焊清洗剂contact beam 接触波flux 焊剂couplaut 偶合剂药芯焊丝弧焊flux cored arc weldingcrimp 褶皱forehand welding 左焊法definition 清晰度摩擦焊friction weldingdelayed sweep full penetration weld 全融透焊缝延时扫描detergent 去污剂fusion 熔合developer 显像剂fusion line 熔合线double-wall viewing 双壁透照groove weld 坡口焊缝echo 回波heat affecter zone 热影响区eddy current examination 涡流检验横焊horizontal weldingemulsifier 乳化剂lap joint 搭接接头examination medium 检验介质machine welding 机器焊exposure 暴光manual welding 手工焊inage quality indicator overhead welding 象质显示器仰焊inspector 检验师oxyfuel gas cutting(OFC) 氧燃料气割liquid penetrants testing 渗液检验oxyfuel gas welding(OFW) 氧燃料气焊magnetic particle testing 磁粉检验partial penetration weld 非全融透焊缝mass spectrometer 质普仪焊道passnondestructive inspection peening 锤击无损探伤penetrameter 等离子弧焊透度计plasma arc weldingpenetrant plug weld 塞焊渗透剂radiographic testing 射线检验气孔porosityscan postheating 后热扫描scratch 焊后热处理postweld heat treatment 划痕search unit 探头preheating 预热single-wall viewing 电阻焊resistance welding 单壁透照sniffer seal weld 密封焊缝嗅探器straight beam 直射波缝焊seam weldingstreak 条纹半自动焊semi-automatic weldingultrasonic instrument 超声仪单斜边坡口焊缝single-bevel groove weldultrasonic testing 超声波检验型坡口焊缝J single-J groove weld 单面visual testing 目测、外观检验型坡口焊缝单面single-U groove weld Uwheel search unit 轮式探头V单面single-Vee groove weld 型坡口焊缝夹渣slag inclusion X-ray machine X-射线仪）点焊spot welding ◆水轮机（Hydraulic Turbine直坡口焊缝水轮机hydraulic turbine square groove weldreaction turbine 反击式水轮机埋弧焊submerged arc weldingimpulse turbine 冲击式水轮机定位焊tack welding混流式水轮机咬边undercut francis turbine立焊vertical welding axial turbine 轴流式水轮机焊道weld head prototype turbine 原型水轮机12rated head 额定水头inertia 惯性flywheel effect 飞轮效应effective head 有效水头time constant 时间常数net head 净水头mandoor 进入门maximal head 最大水头pit liner 最小水头机坑里衬minimal head elastic layer 弹性垫层spiral case 蜗壳turbine pit 机坑stay ring 座环feedback 反馈wicket gate 导叶main distributing valve main shaft 主轴主配压阀solenoid 主轴密封shaft seal 线圈relay 继电器coupling flange 连接法兰transfer function 传递函数runner 转轮◆runner crown 转轮上冠机械通用词汇abrasion performance 耐磨性runner band 转轮下环abrasion test 磨耗试验runner cone 转轮泄水锥accessory 附件、配件、零件runner blade/bucket 转轮叶片accuracy 准确性、精度head cover 顶盖anti-corrosion 抗蚀底环bottom ringbalance test 平衡试验discharge ring 基础环bearing 轴承draft tube 尾水管bearing box draft tube cone 尾水锥管轴承箱bearing bush 轴瓦、轴套尾水肘管draft tube elbowbearing carrier governor 调速器轴承座bearing collar 轴承环、推力头调速器柜governor cubicle/cabinetbearing cover 轴承盖oil pressure tank/vessel 压力油罐bearing journal 轴颈回油箱oil sump tankbend 弯头gate ring 控制环bend radius 弯曲半径distributor 导水机构bending strength shear pin 剪断销抗弯强度bolt 螺栓筒形阀ring gatebore 钻孔servomotor 接力器bore machine 效率efficiency 镗床brake valve output 出力制动阀by-pass 旁通流量dischargecallipers 卡尺sir admission system 补气系统cardan shaft 万向轴涡流检验vortexcast special tool 专用工具铸造characteristic test auxiliary equipment 特性试验辅助设备chock damper/absorber/cushion 减震器、阴尼器楔子、垫块clamp runout 卡头、夹板摆度clearing of fault 水击water hammer 故障排除clip 导轴承guide bearing 夹具、钳coat operation condition 运行工况涂层correction value 矫正值开度openingcottor pin 开口销空蚀cavitationcoupling flange 抗磨涂层erosion resistant coating 联结法兰damping device 负荷load 缓冲装置13deflection 挠度monkey wrench 活动扳手nail 钉子density 密度nipple 管接头derusting 除锈nut 螺母descale 除垢o-ring O 偏差形环deviationoperating condition 运行情况dial 刻度盘pretreatment 预处理dial gauge 千分尺process 流程、工艺distort 变形screw cap 螺帽dowel pin (setpin) 定位销spigot 偏心凸轮套管、止口eccentric camstroke 偏心销eccentric pin 行程valve 偏心、偏心率、偏心度阀门eccentricityelastic bearing 弹性轴承verticality 垂直度弹性变形elastic deformation washer 垫圈elastic limit 弹性极限楔子板wedgeElectrical Equipment 电气设备及元器件（◆facility 设备、设施）& Element Partsfactory assembly 工厂装配发电机generator 型钢fashioned ironfeed pipe 供水管电动机motor3-phase squirrel-cage asynchronous motor female end 内止口field welding 现场焊缝三相鼠笼式电动机三相绕线式电动表面光洁度、精加工finish 3-phase wind asynchronous机fitting allowance 装配公差电枢motor armature fitting assembling 零件装配fitting face 配合面电刷brush线圈、绕组coil 法兰flangeflatness 平整度energizing coil 励磁线圈stator 缺陷flaw 定子stator core 定子铁芯flexibility 挠性、柔性forge stator winding 定子绕组锻造foundation 基础rotator 转子transformer 变压器摩擦friction隔离变压器isolating transformer gauge 规、计、表互感器齿轮gear mutual inductor globe valve 球阀电流互感器current transformer(CT)grade 电压互感器potential transformer(PT) 等级hardness 硬度高压电器high-voltage equipment热处理heat treatment breaker 断路器interface 分界面、接触面、接口isolating switch 隔离开关bushing 接头、接缝、连接、焊接joint套管结合面、接缝面joint face 绝缘子insulator 润滑剂、润滑材料lubricant 悬式绝缘子suspended insulatorlubrication circuit 润滑管道column-type insulator 支柱绝缘子lubrication oil 润滑油reactor 电抗器电容器机加工machine capacitorlightning rod 机床machine tool 避雷针（器）外止口male end low-voltage electric appliance 低压电器14knife switch 刀开关wiring terminal 接线端子terminal block 接线板、接线盒fuse 熔断器illuminator 照明automatic switch 自动开关lamp 灯contactor 接触器lightning distribution box(board) 触点照明配电箱contact constant close contact 常闭触点screw socket 螺口灯头fluorescence lamp 常开触点日光灯constant open contactbuld 灯泡starter 启动器socket 插座overtravel-limit switch 行程开关grounding 接地changeover switch 转换开关grounding resistance 接地电阻controller 控制器grounding switch 接地开关resistor 电阻器ground connector light resistor 光敏电阻接地体galvanized flat steel 变阻器镀锌扁钢varistorground wire 电磁铁electromagnet 接地线working grounding 母线工作接地busprotection grounding bare bus bar 裸母线保护接地others 其他cable 电缆master switch power cable 电力电缆主令开关induction coil 感应线圈control cable 控制电缆magnetic coil 电磁线圈armored cable 铠装电缆stabilizator 稳压器cab-type cable 橡皮绝缘软电缆bell 电铃电缆夹cable clampIPC cable connector 电缆接头共控机local control unit (LCU) 现地控制单元cable core 电缆芯programmable logic电缆卷筒cable drumcontroller(PLC) 可编程控制器电缆挂钩cable hangerprogrammer 编程器cable rack 电缆架motor valve 电缆终端cable terminal end 电动阀electromagnetic valve 电磁阀H cable 屏蔽电缆◆电气通用词汇裸线bare wirealternation current(AC) 交流电ammeter 电流表allowed value 容许值欧姆表ohmmeter ampere voltmeter 电压表安培automatic operation 电度表kilowatt-hour meter 自动操作bridge megger 兆欧表电桥cabling diagram 继电器relay 电缆连接图capacity of storage battery over current relay 过流继电器蓄电池容量欠流继电器under current relay charging 充电time relay (timer) 时间继电器charging current 充电电流thermal relay 闭合热继电器closeshortdown relay 常闭触点constant close contact 断路继电器constant open contact 蓄电池battery 常开触点battery charger 蓄电池充电器control circuit 控制电路盘屏pannel 电流强度current intensitydirect current (DC) 配电盘swithboard 直流电分线（配电）盒distributing cabinetde-energise (deenergize) 切断、断电15dynamic test 动态试验transient current 瞬时电流transient voltage 瞬时电压electric arc 电弧volt 伏（特）electric leakage 漏电voltage 电压flash test 高压闪络试验wiring scheme generator active power 发电机有功功率接线图withstand voltage test 耐压试验发电机效率generator efficiency◆计算机监控系统（generator reactive power 发电机无功功率Computer Supervisoryinput 输入（量）and Control System）A/D converter 绝缘涂层模数变换器insulating coatinganalog control loop 模拟控制回路insulation grade 绝缘等级automatic-restoration 自恢复insulation test 绝缘试验automatic element 自动化元件interlocker(interlocking) 联锁装置block diagram 方框图kilowatt-hour 千瓦小时、度coaxial cable 同轴电缆leakage protection 漏电保护command 指令line-to-line short circuit 线间短路communication 通信malfunction 误动作compatibility manual operation 手动操作兼容性console 控制台megohm 兆欧current transducer 电流变送器mis-operation 误操作cursor （显示器）光标欧姆ohmD/A converter 数模变换器outlet 引出线、电源插座data bus 数据总线outlet box 引出盒、接线盒database 输出线路数据库outlet linedigital signal 输出量output 数字信号digital screen 显示屏overcurrent protection 电流过载保护electric quantity transducer 电量变送器并联电路parallel circuiteletromagnetic interference power factor 功率因数电磁干扰fiber optic cable 光纤电缆电源power supplyfloppy disk 一次电路软盘primary circuitflowchart rated current 额定电流流程图。

水利水电工程地质常用词汇（汉英对照）2.岩性rock character 2．1 第四系沉积物quaternary deposit堆积物accumulation冲积物alluvium洪积物diluvium坡积物slope wash滑坡堆积物slide sediments 2．2 沉积岩sedimentary rock漂石erratic boulder孤石lonestone块石rock block卵石pebble碎石debris砾石gravel砂sand粉土silt砂壤土sandy loam壤土loam淤泥mud粘土clay填筑土backfill砾岩conglomerate砾砂岩conglomeratic sandstone 砂质粘土sandy clay粘土质砂clayey sand粘土质砂岩clayey sandstone锆石zircon电气石tourmaline红柱石andalusite绿柱石beryl堇青石cordierite 十字石staurolite黄玉topaz刚玉corundum金刚石diamond伊利石illite glimmerton4. 颜色(Colour)粉红色pink橙红色salmon pink浅粉红色baby pink鲜粉红色shocking pink褐色, 茶色brown灰褐色beige红褐色, 赭石色chocolate浅褐色sandy beige驼色camel琥珀色amber卡其色khaki褐红色maroon绿色green蓝色blue红色red紫色purple, violet白色white灰色gray6.4结构面性状平直Gentle波动起伏fluctuation,rolling,wave 光滑Smooth粗糙Rough7.物理地质现象7.1风化、蚀变、卸荷风化weathering风化带zone of weathering风化壳crust of weathering风化砂weathering sandstone风化程度weathering degree全风化completely weathered强风化highly weathered弱风化moderately weathered微风化slightly weathered新鲜fresh蚀变alteration物理蚀变physical alteration化学蚀变chemical alteration热液蚀变hydrothermal alteration 蚀变矿物altered mineral蚀变火山岩altered volcanic rocks 卸荷relaxation岩石松弛relaxation of rock应力松弛relaxation of stress卸载岩石,消除应力的岩石relaxed rock7.2崩塌、滑坡崩塌collapse滑坡landslide7.3岩溶(karst)岩溶地形karst topography岩溶[侵蚀]基准karst base level 岩溶景观karst landscape岩溶盆地karst basin 岩溶井karst well岩溶水karst water岩溶侵蚀karst erosion 8．水文地质8.1地下水类型地下水,潜水ground water地下水位,潜水位ground water level 地下水排泄区discharge area of ground water地下水位坡降gradient of water table 孔隙潜水pore groundwater裂隙潜水fissure groundwater裂隙承压水fissure artesian groundwater8．2渗流状态渗流,渗漏seepage渗流控制seepage control渗流区vadose region渗流速度percolation velocity渗流压力percolation pressure渗透性permeability渗透系数coefficient of permeability 渗透流量seepage discharge9．岩体力学指标9．1岩石力学参数强度strength抗压强度compressive strength 抗剪强度shear strength抗拉强度tensile strength抗弯强度,抗折强度bending strength 单轴抗压强度uniaxial compressive strength单轴抗拉强度uniaxial tensile strength 无侧限抗压强度unconfined compressive strength无排水抗剪强度undrained shear strength残余强度residual strength长期强度long term strength峰值(抗剪强度) peak value (of shearing strength)凝聚力,内聚力cohesion围压强度strength under peripheral pressure9．2土力学参数变形deformation 弹性变形elastic deformation塑性变形plastic deformation弹塑性变形elastic-plastic deformation粘弹性变形viscoelastic deformation 粘滞塑性变形,粘塑性变性visco-plastic deformation均匀变形homogeneous deformation 不均匀变形nonaffine deformation不可恢复变形,永久变形irreversible deformation屈服变形yield deformation徐变变形,蠕变变形creep deformation 渗透变形seepage deformation9.3岩体力学参数弹性模量elasticity modulus变形模量deformation modulus 剪切模量shear modulus粘弹性模量viscoelastic modulus 压缩模量modulus of compression 10. 建筑材料(construction material)天然骨料natural aggregate人工骨料artificial aggregate粗骨料coarse aggregate细骨料fine aggregate混凝土骨料concrete aggregate 人工砂artificial sand掺和料admixture配料batching石料rock material土料earth material开挖料excavation material渣料rock spoil天然砂砾料natural sand and gravel 粉煤灰fly ash碎石土debrisc soil砾质土gravelly soil粘性土cohesive soil; clayey soil 细度模数fineness modulus(FM) 骨料级配gradation间断级配gap gradation连续级配continuous gradation砂砾石sand and gravel针状颗粒needle-shaped particle 片状颗粒flake-shaped particle软弱颗粒soft particle平均粒径mean diameter比重specific gravity天然密度natural density干密度dry density 最大干密度maximum drydensity最优含水量optjmum water content 天然休止角nature angle of repose 堆积密度piling density紧密密度compation density石料场rock quarrying土料场soil borrow area存料场stockpile弃渣场spoil area有用层effective layer无用层unavailable layer剥离层overburden stripping formation 剥采比stripping ratio剥离量overburden amount开采quarry运输transportation质量quality储量reserve运距haul distance水泥cenment11. 试验(experiment)岩土现场测试field investigation of soils and rocks土工原位测试in-situ measurement of soils标准灌入试验standard penetration test动力触探试验dynamic cone penetration test静力触探试验static cone penetration test比灌入阻力specific penetration resistanc旁压试验pressuremeter test载荷试验plate bearing test十字板剪切试验vane shear test岩体原位测试in-situ measurement of rocks三维应力测试three-dimensional stess measurement地应力测量geostress survey应力解除法stress relief method应力恢复法stress restoration method 狭缝法（刻槽法）narrow slot method 收敛测量convergence measurement 现场直剪实验in-situ shear test承压板试验bearing plate test水力致裂法hydrofracturing method 声测井acoustic emission well (AEW) 现场监测field monitoring压水试验water-pressure test吕荣试验Lugeon test抽水试验pumping test注水试验water injection test 灌浆试验grouting test点荷载试验point-loading test回弹测试rebond hammar test实验室试验laboratory test取样sampling原状土样undisturbed soil sample扰动土样disturbed soil sample物理力学性试验physical and mechanic properties test颗粒分析grading analysis三轴试验triaxial test击实试验proctor compaction test崩解试验slaking test尺寸效应scale effect时间效应time effect长期观测long-term observation试验资料test data试验成果test result试验报告test report12.水工设计(hydraulic design)12.1设计阶段(design stage)河流规划river planning选坝selecting damsite预可行性研究pre-feasibility study可行性研究feasibility study初步设计preliminary design技施设计tech-construction design招标设计tender design施工详图设计detail construction drawing design12.2水工建筑物(hydraulic structure)水利枢纽hydroproject枢纽布置layout of hydroproject挡水建筑物water retaining structure 取水建筑物water intake structure泄水建筑物water release structure输水建筑物water conveyance structure通航建筑物navigation structure过鱼建筑物fish pass structure永久性建筑物permanent structure临时性建筑物temporary structure水工建筑物级别工程规模project scale主坝main dam副坝auxiliary dam坝轴线dam axis 坝高high dam坝长length of dam坝顶dam crest坝底dam base坝坡dam slope坝间dam abutment坝踵dam heel坝趾dam toe坝段dam monolith重力坝gravity dam实体重力坝solid gravity dam混泥土重力坝concrete gravity dam 碾压混泥土坝roller compacted concrete dam浆砌石重力坝masonry gravity dam 预应力重力坝prestressed gravity dam 溢流重力坝overflow gravity dam灌浆廊道grouting gallery排水廊道drainage gallery检查廊道inspection gallery交通廊道access gallery拱坝arch dam拱轴线centerline of arch单曲拱坝single curvature arch dam 双曲拱坝double curvature arch dam 抛物线拱坝parabolic arch dam椭圆形拱坝elliptical arch dam薄拱坝thin arch dam重力拱坝gravity arch dam空腹重力拱坝hollow gravity arch dam溢流拱坝overflow arch dam支墩坝buttress dam平板坝flat slab buttress dam大头坝massive-head dam连拱坝mutiple-arch dam土石坝earth-rock dam土坝earth dam均质土坝homogeneous earth dam粘土心墙土石坝clay core earth-rock dam沥青混凝土心墙土石坝asphaltic concrete core earth-rock dam粘土斜墙土石坝sloping core earth-rock dam沥青混凝土面板土石坝asphaltic concrete facing earth-rock dam溢流土石坝overflow earth-rock dam 钢筋混泥土面板堆石坝reinforced concrete facing rockfill dam防浪墙wave wall (parapet)护坡slope protection防渗铺盖impervious blanket棱体排水prism drainage 反滤层filter溢洪道spillway开敞式溢洪道open channel spillway 正常溢洪道main spillway非常溢洪道emergency spillway陡槽式溢洪道chute spillway虹吸式溢洪道siphon spillway进水渠entrance channel闸门gate泄槽chute跳流鼻坎flip bucket;deflecting bucket 出水渠outlet channel冲刷坑scour hole; washout水工隧洞hydraulic tunnel导流隧洞diversion tunnel泄洪隧洞spillway tunnel发电隧洞power tunnel灌溉隧洞irrigation tunnel放空隧洞emptying tunnel有压隧洞pressure tunnel无压随洞free-flow tunnel不衬砌随洞unlined tunnel排水随洞drainage tunnel涵洞culvert填埋管buried pipeline沟埋管trenched pipeline钢性管rigid pipe柔性管flexible pipe钢筋混凝土管reinforced concrete pipe塔式进水口tower intake竖井式进水口shaft intake沉沙池sedimentation basin渡槽aqueduct(fiume)倒虹吸管inverted siphon落差建筑物drop structure通航建筑物navigation structure船闸navigation lock (ship lock)多级船闸muti-line lock (mutiple lock) 13.地质图件和图表13.1地质图件第四纪地质图quaternary geology map, quaternary geology plan 覆盖层地质图drift map, overburden map, drift plan基岩地质图bedrock map, bedrock plan构造地质图geological structure map, geological structure plan地质剖面图geological section, geological profile实测地质剖面图field-acquired geological profile横剖面图transverse profile, cross-section 纵剖面图longitudinal profile综合柱状图composite columnar section立体投影图fence diagram钻孔柱状图geological log of drill hole , borehole log平硐展视图geological log of adit 水文地质图hydrogeological map 渗透剖面seepage profile等水位线图water table contour map实际材料图primitive data map, primitive data plan赤平投影图stereogram极点图point diagram等密图contour diagram节理玫瑰图rose diagram of joints, rosette joint diagram, strike diagram of joints区域地质图regional geological map水库地质图geological map of reservoir枢纽区工程地质图engineering geological plan of project area坝址区工程地质图engineering geological plan of damsite area引水渠尾水渠工程地质图engineering geological plan of Diversion and Tailwater channel厂房工程地质图engineering geological plan of power house浸没区及防护区工程地质图geological plan of immersion area and protection area天然建筑材料产地分布图distribution plan of a quarry and borrow areas for natural construction 坝址区实际材料图location plan of in-situ exploratory works on damsite心滩天然砂砾料场地质图geological plan of Xinta sand and gravel borrow area料场分布图 A distribute plan of borrow area土料场地质平面图geological plan of soil borrow area石料场地质平面图geological plan of rock quarry土料场地质剖面图geological section of soil borrow area石料场地质剖面图geological section of rock quarry坝轴线工程地质剖面图engineering geological profile of dam axis坝趾板线工程地质剖面图engineering geological section along dam plinth厂房机组中心线工程地质剖面图engineering geological profile along central line of turbo generator units坝轴线防渗帷幕水文地质剖面图hydrologic engineering geological profile along imrervious curtain on dam axis右岸引航道轴线工程地质剖面图engineering geological profile along right-bank navigation approach channel axis河床地质纵剖面图geological longitudinal profile of river bed上游围堰工程地质剖面图engineering geological profile upstream cofferdam下游围堰工程地质剖面图engineering geological profile downstream cofferdam上游子围堰轴线工程地质剖面图engineering geological section along axis of upstream cofferdam下游子围堰轴线工程地质剖面图engineering geological section along axis of downstream cofferdam施工大桥轴线工程地质剖面图engineering geological profile along proposed construction ridge axis防护堤工程地质剖面engineering geological profile along protection embankment心滩天然砂砾料场地质剖面图geological profile of xintan sand and gravel area引水渠工程地质纵剖面图engineering geological lognitudinal profile along approach channel厂房工程地质横剖面图engineering geological transverse section of powerhouse厂房纵1工程地质剖面图engineering geological longitvpinal profile Ⅰof poweehouse土料场工程地质剖面图engineering geological profile of soilmaterial borrow area导流洞工程地质纵剖面图engineering geological section along diversion tunnel放空隧洞工程地质纵剖面图engineering geological section along intermediate outlet tunnel溢洪道工程地质纵剖面图engineering geological section along spillway route溢洪道工程地质横剖面图engineering geological cross section of spillway区域主干断裂及强震带分布图Distribution of the regional major faults and pleistoseismic zones工程区外围地震危险区active seismic zones around the project area 枢纽区Ⅱ、Ⅲ级结构面走向玖瑰图Strike rose diagram of discontinuity plane class Ⅱ、Ⅲin the project area 枢纽区Ⅱ、Ⅲ级结构面极点等密图Pole contour diagram of discontinuity plane classⅡ、Ⅲin the project area 枢纽区f、g极点等密图Pole contour diagram of f and g on the project area枢纽区左岸节理极点等密图Pole contour diagram of joints on the left bank in project area左岸坝肩上、下游侧边坡开挖示意图The schematic diagram of upstream and downstream side slop excavating on the left abutment砂砾层天然砂颗分曲线图Gradation curve of natural sand in sand and gravel layer心滩天然砂砾料场初勘探布置示意图Sketch map of exploratory arrangement during detailed exploration for Xintan sand and gravel borrow area天然含水量随深度变化图Variation of natural Moisture content with depth左岸颗粒分析粒配曲线图Grain size distribution curve of the left bank 左岸料区ρd~ω关系曲线图Left bank borrow area ρd ~ ωrelationship curves孔隙比（e）与（p）关系图Relationship between void ratio (e) and pressure (p)抗剪强度与垂直压力的关系曲线图Relationship curves between shear strength and vertical pressure物探工作布置图Layout of geophysical prospecting workA剖面地震勘探成果图Results of seismic prospecting on A profile PD2平洞锤击法Vp成果图V P results of hammer-blow survey on left wall of PD2aditZK14钻孔电阻率测井柱状图Log of comprehensive logging of ZK14 drillhole尾水渠开挖线excavation line of tailwater channel开采线excavation depth开挖线excavation line原地面线natural ground工程建筑物轮廓线outline of engineering structure正常蓄水位线normal storage water level设计蓄水位线design storage level 正常蓄水位normal WL.死水位min operating WL.百年洪水位100-tear flood WL. 正常尾水位normal TWL.最低尾水位min TWL.校核洪水位check flood WL.设计洪水位design flood WL.水库蓄水位线及高程storage leave and elevation of reservoir料场范围线boundary of borrow area or quarry area普查范围线boundary line of general survey初查储量计算范围线boundary line of preliminarily investigated reserves风化界线boundary of weathered zones地下水位线groundwater level相对隔水层界线boundary of relative confining bed坝基开挖线及高程dam foundation excavation line and EL.厂房开挖线及高程powerhouse excavation line and EL.剖面线及编号geological section line and numbed, profile line and No. 端点end point 转点transition测量控制点control point of survey接图表index to adjoining sheets 交厂横cross section of plant location 交纵1 cross profile 1剖面交点cross point of profile剖面距离distance勘探深度depth勘探间距spacing剖面方向direction13.2地质图表料场概况一览表summary of borrow areas and quarry ones with construction各坝料颗粒分析级配曲线gradation curves of rock fill materials 表3-1泉水类型及流量Table 3-1 type and discharge of springs钻孔地下水位Groundwater level in drill holes钻孔压水试验单位吸水量汇总Summerized unit leakage rate value of water pressure test in drill holes钻孔岩芯试验室试验成果Laboratory testing of drill corn冲积层砂砾石试验成果Test results of alluvial gravel and sands冲积层粘土试验成果Test results of alluvial clay现场承压板变形模量试验成果In-situ plate-bearing test results现场剪力试验成果In-situ shear test resultsVp测定成果Results of Vp measurements现场地应力测量成果In-situ stress measurement results土料试验成果汇总表Test results of earth material土料试验成果表Test results of soil物理力学性试验成果Physical and mechanical test results显微镜鉴定矿物组成结果Mineral composition determined by microscope化学分析成果Results of chemical analysis岩石试验综合成果表Physical and mechanical properties化学分析结果Results of chemical analysis砂桨膨胀率试验成果Test results of mortar expansion ratio 化学试验结果Result of chemical tests节理统计表Summary of join可行性研究阶段完成钻探工作量统计表Completed drilling work quantities at feasibility study stage可行性研究阶段完成坑、槽探工作量统计表Completed test pits and trenches prospecting work quantities at feasibility study stage岩石力学现场试验项目及工作量统计表Field rock test items and their work quantities可行性研究阶段钻孔地下水位长期观测汇总表summary of long-term groundwater table observations in the drill holes at feasibility study in the project area工作量统计表Summary of work quantity本区地震统计表seismic summary in the region历史地震对坝址影响烈度表Influence intensity of the historic earthquake on the damsite工程区断层主要特征表Main characteristics of the fault in the project area库区滑坡、崩塌体特征表Characteristics landslide and collapse in reservoir area库区褶皱形态特征表Characteristics of fold form in reservoir area库区断裂汇总表Summary of faults in reservoir area水库库岸分段特征及稳定性评价表Evaluation on stability and divisional characteristics on reservoir banks库区断裂破裂长度与诱发地震强度关系表The relationship between the induced earthquake magnitudeand the fractured length of the reservoir fault景洪水电站枢纽区结构面分级表Classification of discontinuity planesin project area枢纽区主要断层、挤压带汇总表Summary of major faults and compressive zones in project area枢纽区f、g发育特征表Dereloped characteristics of f and g in the project area枢纽区断层、挤压带（面）破碎带矿物分析成果表Mineral analysis results of the faults andcompressive zone (planes) in project area枢纽区断层、挤压带（面）破碎带物质化学分析成果表Chemical analysis results of mineral from faults and compressive zones (planes) in project area枢纽区滑坡、松动体特征表Characteristics of landslide and loosened mass in project area枢纽区主要冲沟特征汇总表summary of characteristics of major gully in project area景洪水电站岩体风化程度分级表Classification of the weathering degree of rock mass of the Jinghong hydropower project枢纽区覆盖层及风化深度表Overburden layer and weathering depth in project area景洪水电站坝址区水质简分析成果汇总表Summary of simple analysis of water quality in dam area of Jionghong hydropower project枢纽区地下水水位长期观测资料统计表Summary of long-term observation data for groundwater table in project area枢纽区风化带、破碎带透水性统计表Permeability of the weathered and fractured zone in the project area岩石物理力学性试验成果汇总表Summary of test results of physico-mechanical property of rock 岩体现场变形试验成果表Results of in-situ deformation test of rock mass枢纽区各类岩体M、E建议值Recommended value of M & E of various type of the rock mass in the project area枢纽区各类岩体抗剪强度指标建议值Recommended value of indexes of the shear strength of various type of the rock mass in the project area枢纽区现场抗剪试验成果汇总表Summary of results of In-situ shear-resisting test in project area原位剪切试验成果（结构面）In sit shear test results (discontinuities)枢纽区混凝土/基岩抗剪强度指标建议值Recommended value of indexes of the shear strength for concrete on bedrock in the project area 枢纽区平洞岩体纵波波速成果表Results of the longitudinal wave velocity of the rock mass at the adits in the project area枢纽区钻孔岩体纵波波速成果表Results of the longitudinal wave velocity of the rock mass at the drillholes in the project area枢纽区岩体结构类型划分表Classification of type of rock structure in project area坝（厂）基岩岩体质量分级表Classification of bedrock quality at dam (powerhouse) foundation for jinghong hydropower project枢纽区不同岩体结构类型百分比统计表Various type of rock structure in project areaⅠ、Ⅱ坝轴线方案坝基风化层深度对比表A comparison of the weathered layer depth at the dam foundation between dam axisⅠandⅡalternatives坝（厂）基河床冲积层厚度表Thickness of the alluvium in the riverbed at the dam and the owerhouse foundation坝（厂）基主要断层、挤压带汇总表Summary of main faults and compressive zones at dam and (powerhouse) foundationG48各揭露点挤压带性状汇总表Summary of G48 compressive zone behaviour exposed points坝基f、g平均发育间距汇总表Summary of f and g developed spacing in average at the dam foundation坝（厂）基各部位节理组发育情况汇总表Summary of the developed condition of the join sets at the various parts of the dam (powerhouse) foundati坝（厂）基勘探平洞缓倾角节理汇总表（∠30°）Summary of lower angle (<30°) joints in exploratory adits on dam (and power house) foundatio坝（厂）基缓倾角节理连通率统计汇总表Summary of lower angle join continuity at the dam (powerhouse) foundation坝（厂）基风化带及覆盖层底界埋深表Depth of different weathering zone and overburden at dam and powerhouse foundation坝（厂）基地段岩体卸荷裂隙发育深度表Summary of the stress relieved fissure developed depth in the rock mass at the dam (powerhouse) foundation area坝基地段极微透水层（ω〈0.01l/min.m.m) Depth of very little permeable layer总体埋藏深度(w<0.011/min.m.m(<1 lugeon)) at the dam foundation area左坝肩各部位开挖深度表Excavation depth at the various parts on the right dam abutment右坝肩各部位开挖深度表Excavation depth at the various parts on the left dam abutment心滩砂砾料场勘探资料一览表Exploratory data at Xintan borrow area 天然建筑材料需求量表Requiredengineering quantity of natural construction material心滩天然砂砾料场砂砾层试验成果汇总表Summary of test results of sand and gravel layer of Xintan natural and grave borrow area混凝土粗骨料质量技术要求与Concrete coarse aggregate comparison of quality technical试验值（加权平均值）对比表requirements with the test value (weightaverage value)混凝土细骨料质量技术要求与Concrete fine aggregate comparison of quality technical试验值（加权平均值）对比表requirements with the test value (weightaverage value)砂砾层天然砂颗分级配（加权平均值）表Grading of natural sand in sand and gravel layer (weighted average value)储量计算成果表results of reserves calculations石料场勘探资料汇总表Summary of exploratory data in quarry area右岸料区天料含水量、天然密度汇总表Natural moisture content and natural density in the right bank borrow area颗粒级配百分含量统计表Grain composition土料分散度统计表Soil dispersity test results 天然含水量与击实、可塑性关系表Relationship between natural moisture content, compactness and plasticity土料定名统计表Classification of earth materials压缩系数a v(0.1-0.3)统计表Compression factor a v(0.1~0.3)摩擦角及凝聚力统计表Friction angle and cohesion渗透系数统计表Permeability coefficients现场原状土样湿化试验统计表In-situ undisturbed soil sample slaking test results扰动土样湿化试验统计表Disturbed soil sample slaking test results化学分析统计表Chemical analysis results胀缩性试验统计表Swelling-shrinkage test resultsⅠ号土料场天然含水量、天然Summary of natural moisture content and natural density密度试验成果汇总表test results of No.1 borrow area天然含水量、天然密度与击实、Natural moisture content, density, compaction,Liquid液塑限试验成果统计表Limit and plastic limit test results土壤分类统计表Soil classification土料压缩系数，压缩模量统计表Compressibility coefficient andcompression modulus of soil material 土料直剪强度Ф、С值统计表Direct shear strength ( and C values) of earth material samples土料渗透试验成果统计表Results of permeability test on soil samples土料湿化试验成果统计表Slake durability test results of soil material土料有机质、易溶盐试验成果表Organic matter and strongly soluble salt content test results of soil material 土料胀缩性试验成果统计表Swelling shrinkage test results of soil material物理性及易溶盐含量统计表Physical property and soluble salt content test results soil material颗粒分析、渗透系数及力学性统计表Grain Size analysis, permeability coefficient and mechanical property test results of earth material砂料视比重及吸水率统计表Sand apparent specific gravity and absorption rate砂干松密度及空隙率统计表Min. sand dry density and porosity砂颗粒级配百分含量统计表Sand grain composition (%)砂粒度模数及平均粒径统计表Grain size modulus and average grain size砂云母含量及含泥量统计表Mica and silt content 砂硫化物（SO3）及水溶盐含量统计表达式Sulphide (SO3) content and dissolved salt content砾石比重及吸水率统计表Gravel specific gravity and absorption rate砾石干松密度及空隙率统计表gravel min. density and porosity砾石颗粒全级配百分含量统计表Full grading of gravel砾石5~150MM粒径颗粒级配百分含量统计表Grading of gravel (5 mm~150 mm)软弱颗粒含量统计表Soft particle content针片状颗粒含量统计表Needle-shaped & flake-shaped grain content砾石含泥量统计表Silt content test results砂、砾石骨料碱活性试验成果表Alkali aggregate reaction test results岩石物理性试验成果汇总表Summary of physical properties test results of rock samples岩石物理力学性试验成果汇总表Rock physical and mechanical properties test results岩石力学性试验成果统计表Laboratory rock mechanical test results岩石三轴抗剪强度、直剪强度试验成果表R ock triaxial shear strength & direct shear strength test results岩石力学性试验成果统计表Rock physical and mechanicalproperties test results原状土样试验成果统计表Test results of undisturbed soil samples颗粒分析及抗剪强度统计表Grading analysis and shear strength test results物探工作量统计表达式Geophysical prospecting work quantities地震勘探成果表Seismic prospecting results声波测试岩体分类标准表Rock mass classification criteria by acoustic test平洞岩体分类成果表Classification results of adit Rock mass14.其它14.1地形、地貌等高线contour等高距contour interval高程elevation绝对高程absolute elevation相对高程relative elevation地形land form地貌geomorphy平原plain丘陵地hill山地mountain高地highland垭口col河谷river valley 峡谷gorge纵谷longitudinal横谷transverse分水岭waterdivide, watershed河漫滩floodplain阶地terrace侵蚀阶地erosional terrace堆积阶地constructional terrace 基座阶地bedrock seated terrace 牛轭湖ox-bow lake古河道ancient river course准平原peneplain夷平面planation surface残丘inselberg洪积扇proluvial fan三角洲delta冲积平原alluvial plain河流阶地fluvial terrace冲积扇alluvial fan洪积扇diluvial fan坡积裙talus apron坳沟shallow flat ravine冲沟gully岩溶地貌karst land feature, karst landform土洞karstic earth cave14.2 地震地震区seismic area, earthquake area 震源seismic source, seismic focus震源深度focus depth震中epicenter地震波seismic wave主震main shock前震foreshock余震aftershock震源机制focusmechanism地震前兆premonitory symptom 地震区划seismic zoning纵波longitudinal wave横波transverse wave水库诱发地震reservoir impounding induced seismicity, reservoir induced earthquake地震震级earthquake magnitude 地震烈度seismic intensity, earthquake intensity场地烈度site intensity设计烈度design intensity地震反应谱seismic response spectrum震陷earthquake subsidence砂土液化liquefaction of sand液化指数liquefaction index地震系数seismic coefficient地震影响系数coefficient of seismic effect地震小区划seismic microzonation, seismic microzoning地震危险性分析earthquake hazard evaluation等震线isoseismals罗氏烈度rossi-forel intensity麦加利烈度mercalli intensity里氏震级richter magnitude修正麦氏烈度modified mercalli intensity 14.3 地应力地应力ground stress, geostatic stress初始应力initial stress构造应力tectonic stress残余应力residual stress感生应力induced stress地应力场ground stress field, geostatic stress field自重应力self-weight stress岩土体中的应力stresses in soil-rock mass附加应力superimposed stress应力水平stress level应力路径stress path应力历史stress history有效应力effective stress初始应力状态initial stress state 侧压力系数lateral pressure coefficient周围压力（三轴压力室围压）confining pressure , ambient pressure 基底压力foundation pressure ,gross loading intensity岩体初始应力（地应力，天然应力）initial stress of rock mass岩体应力重分布stress redistribution周边应力circumferential stress应力集中系数stress concentration factor岩芯饼化现象formation of disk-shaped rock cores岩体中的静水压力状态hydrostatic pressure hypothesis岩体原位测试in-situmeasurement of rocks应力解除法stress relief method 应力恢复法stree restoration method狭缝法（刻槽法）narrow slot method水力破裂法hydrofracturing method土体的沉降及变形计算settlement and deformation calculation of soil mass地基沉降ground settlement最终沉降量ultimate settlement 不均匀沉降differential settlement, unequal settlement沉降计算经验系数empirical coefficient of settlement calculation瞬时沉降initial settlement固结沉降consolidation settlement次固结沉降secondary consolidation settlement初始压缩曲线initial compression curve, virgin compression curve现场初始压缩曲线field initial compression curve容许变形（允许变形）allowable deformation湿陷系数coefficient of collapsibility湿陷起始压力initial collapse pressure自重湿陷系数coefficient of collapsibility due to overburden pressure围岩应力secondary stress state, surrounding rock stress围岩应力集中系数factor of stress-concentration in surrounding rock岩石压力rock pressure应力松弛stress relaxation松动区loosened zone, loose zone 围岩偏压non-uniform rock pressure内水压力internal water pressure 外水压力external water pressure14.4 边坡岩土边坡earth slope and rock slop边坡稳定slope stability边坡临界高度critical height of slop边界条件boundary condition, edge condition休止角angle of repose岩体结构structure of rock mass 结构面structural plane, discontinuity结构体structural mass, structural body, structural element滑动面slip plane拉裂面pull apart plane切割面cutting plane临空面free surface硬性结构面rigid structural plane软弱结构面soft structural plane 贯通结构面through structural plane非贯通结构面disconnected structural plane平直结构面flat structural plane 波状结构面wavy structural plane 台阶结构面step structural plane 起伏度waviness软弱夹层weak intercalation泥化夹层siltized intercalation块状结构massive structure碎裂结构clastic structure镶嵌结构interlocked structure层状结构stratified structure 14.5 基础基础foundation, footing浅基础shallow foundation, shallow footing深基础deep foundation埋深embedment depth扩展基础spread footing条形基础strip foundation, strip footing筏形基础raft foundation, mat foundation板式基础slab foundation格排基础grillage foundation, grillage raft联合基础combined footing箱形基础box foundation补偿基础floating foundation, compensated foundation 沉井open caisson沉箱caisson地梁foundation beam, grade beam桩基础pile foundation, piled foundation群桩pile group桩承台pile cap高桩承台highrise pile cap低桩承台buried pile cap摩擦桩friction pile端承桩end bearing pile嵌岩桩socketed pile排土桩displacement pile少排土桩small displacement pile 不排土桩nondisplacement pile预制混凝土桩precast concrete pile板桩sheet pile旋喷桩jet－grouted pile灌注桩cast－in－place pile沉管灌注桩driven cast－in－place pile法兰基灌注桩Franki pile墩pier扩底墩belled pier, under－reamed pier被动桩passive pile支护桩soldier pile, tangent pile 地下边续墙diaphragm wall,slurry wall支撑bracing井点降水well－point dewatering 桩极限承载力ultimate bearing capacity of pile。

水利专业名词（中英）A安全储备safety reserve安全系数safety factor安全性safety岸边溢洪道river-bank spillway岸边绕渗by-pass seepage around bank slope岸墙abutment wall岸塔式进水口bank-tower intakeB坝的上游面坡度upstream slpoe of dam坝的下游面downstream face of dam坝顶dam crest坝顶长度crest length坝顶超高freeboard of dam crest坝高dam height坝顶高程crest elevation坝顶宽度crest width坝段monolith坝基处理foundation treatment坝基排水drain in dam foundation坝基渗漏leakage of dam foundation坝肩dam abutment坝壳dam shell坝坡dam slope坝坡排水drain on slope坝体混凝土分区grade zone of concrete in dam 坝体排水系统drainage system in dam坝型选择selection of dam type坝址选择selection of dam site坝趾dam toe坝踵dam heel坝轴线dam axis本构模型constitutive model鼻坎bucket比尺scale比降gradient闭门力closing force边墩side pier边界层boundary layer边墙side wall边缘应力boundary stress变形观测deformation observation变中心角变半径拱坝variable angle and radius arch dam 标准贯入试验击数number of standard penetration test 冰压力ice pressure薄壁堰sharp-crested weir薄拱坝thin-arch dam不均匀沉降裂缝differential settlement crack不平整度irregularityC材料力学法method of strength of materials材料性能分项系数partial factor for property of material 侧槽溢洪道side channel spillway侧轮side roller侧收缩系数coefficient of side contraction测缝计joint meter插入式连接insert type connection差动式鼻坎differential bucket掺气aeration掺气槽aeration slot掺气减蚀cavitation control by aeration厂房顶溢流spill over power house沉降settlement沉井基础sunk shaft foundation沉沙池sediment basin沉沙建筑物sedimentary structure沉沙条渠sedimentary channel沉陷缝settlement joint沉陷观测settlement observation衬砌的边值问题boundary value problem of lining 衬砌计算lining calculation衬砌自重dead-weight of lining承载能力bearing capacity承载能力极限状态limit state of bearing capacity 持住力holding force齿墙cut-off wall冲击波shock wave冲沙闸flush sluice冲刷坑scour hole重现期return period抽排措施pump drainage measure抽水蓄能电站厂房pump-storage power house出口段outlet section初步设计阶段preliminary design stage初参数解法preliminary parameter solution 初生空化数incipient cavitation number初应力法initial stress method船闸navigation lock垂直升船机vertical ship lift纯拱法independent arch method次要建筑物secondary structure刺墙key-wall粗粒土coarse-grained soil错缝staggered jointD大坝安全评价assessment of dam safety大坝安全监控monitor of dam safety大坝老化dam aging大头坝massive-head dam单层衬砌monolayer lining单级船闸lift lock单线船闸single line lock挡潮闸tide sluice挡水建筑物retaining structure导流洞diversion tunnel导墙guide wall倒虹吸管inverted siphon倒悬度overhang等半径拱坝constant radius arch dam等中心角变半径拱坝constant angle and variable radius arch dam 底流消能energy dissipation by hydraulic jump底缘bottom edge地基变形foundation deformation地基变形模量deformation modulus of foundation地基处理foundation treatment地下厂房underground power house地下厂房变压器洞transformer tunnel of underground power house 地下厂房出线洞bus-bar tunnel of underground power house地下厂房交通洞access tunnel of underground power house地下厂房通风洞ventilation tunnel of underground power house地下厂房尾水洞tailwater tunnel of underground power house地下轮廓线under outline of structure地下水groundwater地形条件topographical condition地形图比例尺scale of topographical map地应力ground stress地震earthquake地震烈度earthquake intensity地质条件geological condition垫层cushion垫座plinth吊耳lift eye调度dispatch跌坎drop-step跌流消能drop energy dissipation跌水drop迭代法iteration method叠梁stoplog丁坝spur dike定向爆破堆石坝directed blasting rockfill dam动强度dynamic strength动水压力hydrodynamic pressure洞内孔板消能energy dissipation by orifice plate in tunnel 洞内漩流消能energy dissipation with swirling flow in tunnel 洞身段tunnel body section洞室群cavern group洞轴线tunnel axis陡坡steep slope渡槽短管型进水口intake with pressure short pipe断层fault堆石坝rockfill dam对数螺旋线拱坝log spiral arch dam多级船闸multi-stage lock多线船闸multi-line lock多心圆拱坝multi-centered arch dam多用途隧洞multi-use tunnelE二道坝secondary damF发电洞power tunnel筏道logway反弧段bucket反滤层filter防冲槽erosion control trench防洪flood preventi，flood control防洪限制水位restricted stage for flood prevention防浪墙parapet防渗墙anti-seepage wall防渗体anti-seepage body放空底孔unwatering bottom outlet非常溢洪道emergency spillway非线性有限元non-linear finite element method非溢流重力坝nonoverflow gravity dam分岔fork分洪闸flood diversion sluice分项系数partial factor分项系数极限状态设计法limit state design method of partial factor 封拱arch closure封拱温度closure temperature浮筒式升船机ship lift with floats浮箱闸门floating camel gate浮运水闸floating sluice辅助消能工appurtenant energy dissipationG刚体极限平衡法rigid limit equilibrium method刚性支护rigid support钢筋混凝土衬砌reinforced concrete lining钢筋计reinforcement meter钢闸门steel gate高边坡high side slope高流速泄水隧洞discharge tunnel with high velocity工程管理project management工程规划project plan工程量quantity of work工程设计engineering design工程施工engineering construction工作桥service bridge工作闸门main gate拱坝坝肩岩体稳定stability of rock mass near abutment of arch dam 拱坝布置layout of arch dam拱坝上滑稳定分析up-sliding stability analysis of arch dam拱坝体形shape of arch dam拱端arch abutment拱冠arch crown拱冠梁法crown cantilever method拱冠梁剖面profile of crown cantilever拱内圈intrados拱外圈extrados固结consolidation固结灌浆consolidation grouting管涌piping灌溉irrigation规范code，specification过坝建筑物structures for passing dam 过滤层transition layer过渡区transition zone过木机log conveyer过木建筑物log pass structures过鱼建筑物fish-pass structuresH海漫flexible涵洞culvert河道冲刷river bed scour荷载load荷载组合load combination横缝transverse joint横拉闸门horizontal rolling /sliding gate 洪水标准flood standard虹吸溢洪道siphon spillway厚高比thickness to hight ratio弧形闸门radial gate护岸工程bank-protection works护坡slope protection护坦apron戽琉消能bucke-type energy dissipation滑坡land slip滑楔法sliding wedge method滑雪道式溢洪道skijump spillway环境评价environment assessment换土垫层cushion of replaced soil回填灌浆backfill grouting混凝土concrete混凝土衬砌concrete lining混凝土防渗墙concrete cutoff wall混凝土面板concrete face slab混凝土面板堆石坝concrete-faced rockfill dam 混凝土重力坝concrete gravity damJ基本荷载组合basic load combination基本剖面basic profile基面排水base level drainage激光准直发method of laser alignment极限平衡法limit equilibrium method极限状态limit state坚固系数soundness coefficient剪切模量shear modulus剪切应力shear stress检查inspection检修闸门bulkhead简单条分法simple slices method建筑材料construction material简化毕肖普法simplified Bishop’s method渐变段transition键槽key/key-way浆砌石重力坝cement-stone masonry gravity dam 交叉建筑物crossing structure交通桥access bridge校核洪水位water level of check floo校核流量check flood discharge接触冲刷contact washing接触流土soil flow on contact surface节制闸controlling sluice结构可靠度reliability of structure结构力学法structural mechanics method 结构系数structural coefficient截流环cutoff collar截水槽cutoff trench进口段inlet进口曲线inlet curve进水喇叭口inlet bellmouth进水闸inlet sluice浸润面saturated area浸润线saturated line经济评价economic assessment井式溢洪道shaft spillway静水压力hydrostatic pressure均质土坝homogeneous earth damK开敞式溢洪道open channel spillway开裂机理crack mechanism勘测exploration survey坎上水深water depth on sill抗冲刷性scour resistance抗冻性frost resistance抗滑稳定安全系数safety coefficient of stability against sliding 抗剪断公式shear-break strength formula抗剪强度shear strength抗裂性crack resistance抗磨abrasion-resistance抗侵蚀性erosion-resistance抗震分析analysis of earthquake resistance颗粒级配曲线grain size distribution curve可靠度指标reliability index可行性研究设计阶段design stage of feasibility study空腹重力坝hollow gravity dam空腹拱坝hollow arch dam空化cavitation空化数cavitation number空蚀cavitation damage空隙水压力pore water pressure控制堰control weir枯水期low water period库区reservoir area宽顶堰broad crested weir宽缝重力坝slotted gravity dam宽高比width to height ratio扩散段expanding section扩散角divergent angleL拦沙坎sediment control sill拦污栅trash rack廊道gallery浪压力wave pressure棱体排水prism drainage理论分析theory analysis力法方程canonical equation of force method连续式鼻坎plain bucket联合消能combined energy dissipation梁式渡槽beam-type flume量水建筑物water-measure structure裂缝crack临界水力坡降critical hydraulic gradient临时缝temporary joint临时性水工建筑物temporary hydraulic structure流量discharge流速flow velocity流态flow pattern流土soil flow流网flow net流向flow direction露顶式闸门emersed gateM马蹄形断面horseshoe section脉动压力fluctuating pressure锚杆支护anchor support门叶gate flap迷宫堰labyrinth weir面流消能energy dissipation of surface regime 模型试验model test摩擦公式friction factor formula摩擦系数coefficient of friction目标函数objective functionN内部应力internal stress内摩擦角internal friction angle内水压力internal water pressure挠度观测deflection observation泥沙压力silt pressure粘性土cohesive soil碾压混凝土重力坝roller compacted concrete gravity dam 凝聚力cohesion扭曲式鼻坎distorted type bucketP排沙底孔flush bottom outlet排沙漏斗flush funnel排沙隧洞flush tunnel排水drainage排水孔drain hole排水设施drainage facilities抛物线拱坝parabolic arch dam喷混凝土支护shotcrete support喷锚支护spray concrete and deadman strut漂木道log chute平板坝flat slab buttress dam平衡重式升船机vertical ship lift with counter weight平面闸门plain gate平压管equalizing pipe坡率slope ratio破碎带crush zone铺盖blanketQ启闭机hoist启门力lifting force砌石拱坝stone masonry arch dam潜坝submerged dam潜孔式闸门submerged gate倾斜仪clinometer曲线形沉沙池curved sedimentary basin渠首canal head渠道canal渠系建筑物canal system structure取水建筑物water intake structureR人工材料心墙坝earth-rock dam with manufactured central core 人字闸门mitre gate任意料区miscellaneous aggregate zone溶洞solution cavern柔度系数flexibility coefficient褥垫式排水horizontal blanket drainage 软弱夹层weak intercalationS三角网法triangulation method三角形单元三心圆拱坝三轴试验扇形闸门上游设计洪水位设计基准期设计阶段设计阶段划分设计流量设计状况系数设计准则伸缩缝渗流比降渗流变形渗流分析渗流量渗流体积力渗流系数生态环境生态平衡失效概率施工导流施工缝施工管理施工条件施工图阶段施工进度实体重力坝实用剖面实用堰事故闸门视准线法收缩段枢纽布置triangular element three center arch dam triaxial testsector gate upstreamdesign flood level design reference period design stagedividing of design stage design discharge design state coefficient design criteria contraction joint seepage gradient seepage deformation seepage analysis seepage discharge mass force of seepage permeability coefficient ecological environment ecological balance probability of failure construction diversion construction jointconstruction managementconstruction conditionconstruction drawing stageconstruction progresssolid gravity dampractical profilepractical weiremergency gatecollimation methodconstringent sectionlayout of hydraulic complex输水建筑物water conveyance structure竖式排水vertical drainage数值分析numerical analysis双层衬砌double-layer lining双曲拱坝double curvature arch dam水电站地下厂房underground power house 水电站建筑物hydroelectric station structure 水垫塘cushion basin水工建筑物hydraulic structure水工隧洞hydraulic tunnel水环境water environment水库吹程fetch水库浸没reservoir submersion水库渗漏reservoir leakage水库坍岸reservoir bank caving水库淹没reservoir inundation水力资源water power resource水力劈裂hydraulic fracture水利工程hydraulic engineering，water project 水利工程设计design of hydroproject水利工程枢纽分等rank of hydraulic complex 水利枢纽hydraulic complex水面线water level line水能hydraulic energy水平位移horizontal displacement水体污染water pollution水土流失water and soil loss水位急降instantaneous reservoir drawdown 水压力hydraulic pressu水闸sluice水质water quality水资源water resources顺坝longitudinal dike四边形单元quadrangular element塑性破坏failure by plastic flow塑性变形plastic deformation塑性区plastic range锁坝closure dike锁定器dog deviceTT型墩T-type pier塌落拱法roof collapse arch method塔式进水口tower intake台阶式溢流坝面step-type overflow face 弹塑性理论elastoplastic theory弹性基础梁beam on elastic foundation 弹性抗力elastic resistance弹性中心elastic centre弹性理论theory of elasticity特殊荷载组合special load combination 体形优化设计shape optimizing design 挑距jet trajectory distance挑流消能ski-jump energy dissipation挑射角exit angle of jet调压室surge tank贴坡排水surface drainage on dam slope通航建筑物navigation structure通气孔air hole土工复合材料geosynthetic土工膜geomembrane土工织物geotexile土石坝earth-rock dam土压力earth pressure土质材料斜墙坝earth-rock dam with inclined soil core 土质心墙坝earth-rock dam with central soil core驼峰堰hump weir椭圆曲线elliptical curveWWES型剖面堰WES curve profile weir外水压力external water pressure弯矩平衡moment equilibrium围岩surrounding rock围岩强度strength of surrounding rock围岩稳定分析围岩压力surrounding rock pressu帷幕灌浆curtain grouting维修maintenance尾水渠tailwater canal温度缝temperature joint温度计thermometer温度应变temperature strain温度应力temperature stress温降temperature drop温升temperature rise污水处理sewage treatment无坝取水undamed intake无粘性土cohesionless soil无压泄水孔free-flow outletX下游downstream现场检查field inspection橡胶坝rubber dam消力池stilling basin消能防冲设计design of energy dissipation and erosion control消能工energy dissipator校核洪水位water level of check flood 校核流量check flood discharge斜缝斜墙泄洪洞泄洪雾化泄水重力坝胸墙悬臂梁汛期Y压力计压缩曲线淹没系数扬压力养护液化溢洪道溢流面溢流前缘溢流重力坝翼墙翼墙式连接引航道引水渠引张线法应力分析应力集中应力应变观测应力重分布永久缝优化设计有坝取水有效库容预压加固预应力衬砌inclined joint inclined coreflood discharge tunnel flood discharge atomization overflow gravity damcantiever beamflood periopressure meter compressive curve coefficient of submergence upliftcureliquifactionspillwayoverflow facelength of overflow crest overflow crestoverflow gravity dam wing wallwing wall type connection approach channel diversion canaltense wire method stress analysisstress concentrationstress-strain observationstress redistributionpermanent jointoptimizing designbarrage intakeeffective storagesoil improvement by preloading prestressed lining原型prototype约束条件constraint condition允许水力坡降allowable hydraulic gradient Z增量法increment method闸底板floor of slui闸墩pier闸孔sluice opening闸孔跨距span of sluice opening闸门槽gate slot闸室chamber of sluice闸首lock head闸址sluice site正槽溢洪道chute spillw正常使用极限状态limit state of normal operation 正应力normal stress正常溢洪道main spillw支墩坝buttress dam止水watertight seal止水装置sealing device趾板toe slab趾墩toe pier滞回圈hysteresis loop主应力principal stress纵缝longitudinal joint阻尼比damped ratio作用action作用水头working pressure head最优含水率optimum moisture content。

.国际工程常用英汉词汇汇编international project 国际工程overseas project 一、基础词汇海外工程domestic project 国内工程access 交通equipment 设备agreement 同意、协议expatriate 外籍职员allocation 分配、配置expert 专家approval 同意、批准export 仲裁出口arbitrationFederation of Civil Engineering Contractor 亚洲开发银行Asia Development Bank 土木工程承包商联合会assistant 助理、助手formal 授权、委托正式的authorize(delegate)hydromechanical works Bill of Quantities(BOQ) 工程量表金结工程import 土建工程进口civil worksin charge of claim 索赔负责、主管informal 评论、意见非正式的commentInstitution of Civilcommercial manager 商务经理Engineers(ICE) conditions of contract 土木工程师协会合同条件instrument 仪器、器械general conditions 通用条件insurance 保险conditions of particular application 专用条件labour 劳务special conditions of contract 特别条件layout 布置Conditions of contract for Works of Civilleading company(sponsor)牵头公司、Engineering Construction 土木工程施工合同责任公司条件责任、义务liability(responsibility/obligation)construction management 施工管理总包lump sump机械顾问consultant machinerycontract agreement 合同协议人力资源manpower(human resource)承包商Contractor Manufacturer 制造商material 材料cooperation 合作measure 协作coordination 办法、措施cost 费用take effective measures 采取有效措施measurement 成本控制cost control 测量、计量备忘录memorandum counterclaim 反索赔进场mobilization 退场demobilization反对department 部门objectionDesigner 支付设计者paymentdrawing 图纸设备plant车间图shop drawing 观点、意见point of view(opinion)design drawing 设计图prequalification 资格预审procurement 竣工图as-built drawing 采购蓝图blue drawing 利润profit透明图transparent drawing 进度控制progress controlconstruction drawing 施工图项目经理project managerelectric works quality control 电气工程质量控制申请、请求request(application) 业主Employer(Client/Owner)审查工程师Engineer review工程师代表Engineer's representative 风险riskengineering project 工程项目截流river closure...a round of excavation 一个开挖循环river diversion 导流adit 安全支洞safetyadvance signature 签名进尺advances depth 进尺深度site 工地、现场breaking hole 崩落孔site engineer 现场工程师cushion hole 缓冲孔specification 规格、规范drift 掏槽staff 职员bottom drift 底部掏槽Subcontractor 分包商center drift 提交中心掏槽submissionside drift supervise 监督、监视边部掏槽top drift 供货商顶部掏槽Supplierdrilling 钻孔the International Chamber of Commerce国际driving(progress) rate 进尺率商会easer 掏槽孔unit price 单价erecting supports for the roof and side wall 变更variation(change) 对顶拱及边墙进行支护World Bank 世界银行full face excavation 全断面开挖二、工程施工类heading and bench excavation 导流与台阶开-（一）工程施工土建类挖◆开挖与支护（Excavation and Support)loading and hauling muck(mucking ) Open Excavation ) 装拉渣明挖（loading (charging) bench excavation 装药台阶开挖perimeter hole 周边孔concrete excavation 砼开挖pilot tunnel 导洞断层开挖fault excavationremoving dust foundation excavation 基础开挖除尘removing ground water 清除地面积水局部开挖local excavationshooting the explosive (blasting) 大面积开挖放炮mass(bulk) excavationtop heading excavation protective layer excavation 上导洞开挖保护层开挖ventilation rock excavation 岩石开挖通风钻孔爆破(Drilling and Blasting) 边坡开挖slope excavationabandoned hole 废孔soft ground excavation 软基开挖average hole depth 土方开挖soil excavation 平均孔深average quantity used in unit structural excavation 结构开挖volume blasted 平均单耗齿槽开挖tooth excavationblasting result 爆破结果unclassified material excavation 不分类料开blockness 挖块度controlled perimeter blasting coefficient of nonuniformity 开挖不均匀系数周边控制爆破data of explosive filled 截水槽cutoff trench 装药参数data of holes drilled 排水dewatering(drainage) 钻孔参数delayed blasting 开挖基坑excavation pit 延时爆破exploratory hole intensity of excavation 开挖强度探孔explosive quantity 药量超挖overexcavate ( overbreak )explosive quantity in a sound 单响药量水泵坑pump sumphandling misfire 欠挖Underexcavate ( underbreak ) 处理哑炮light charge underbreak treatment 欠挖处理少量装药loosening blasting 松动爆破Tunnel and Underground 洞挖及地下开挖（Excavation)布孔方式pattern...replace 重新回填distance between holes 孔距retreat (do the work again) 排距返工distance between rowsscarify 翻松、刨毛post shearing blasting 微差爆破screen and wash 筛分和冲洗prespliting blasting 预裂爆破take a sample 取样quantity of holes 孔数test 测试smooth blasting 光面爆破transport 运输延时支护(rock support)treat expansion shell rock bolt 胀壳式张拉锚杆处理trim 随机锚索feature rock anchor 修整缺陷（Defects feature rock bolt 随机张拉锚杆）calcium particles 随机砂浆锚杆姜石feature rock dowelcontaminated material feature rock reinforcement 随机加固受污染料declination of the boundary 钢桁架、格构大梁料界偏差lattice girderdry 干燥pattern cement grouted rocklack of compaction 系统水泥浆锚杆dowel 漏压lump sump 结块pattern resin grouted rock dowelmuddy 系统树脂浆锚杆泥泞oversize material pattern rock dowel 系统砂浆锚杆超粒径材料pocket 囊穴pattern rock reinforcement 系统加固seepage 渗流permanent rock support 永久支护separation 分离post-tensioned cement grouted tendon rockshear area 剪力区anchor 后张拉水泥浆锚索lens 回弹料rebound material 透镜体其它（return rock bolt 回头张拉锚杆Others)bonding surface 回头加固return rock reinforcement 结合面byproduct 副产品shotcrete anchorage 喷锚controlling parameter 控制参数挂网喷砼shotcrete with wire meshfill placement record steel fabric shotcrete 钢纤维喷砼填筑记录frog area 蛙夯区钢拱架steel ribrequired embankment 必要填方temporary rock support 临时支护subzone 树脂张拉锚tensioned resin grouted rock bolt 分区◆混凝土（杆Concrete ）air-entrained concrete(aerated concrete) Working ◆土石料的填筑及碾压施工工序（加气砼Sequence)asphalt concrete 沥青砼backfill 回填blinding concrete 混合blend 垫层砼cast-in situ(site/place)concrete 碾压compact 现浇砼plastic concrete 控制洒水controlled sprinkling 塑料砼fibrous concrete cut the slope 削坡纤维砼first stage concrete 卸料dump 一期砼foamed concrete exploit 开采泡沫砼high-performance concrete level 整平高性能砼high-strength concrete 高强砼装料loadintrusion concrete 压浆砼水分调节moisture conditionlean concrete (poor concrete) 摊铺place and spread 贫砼remove 清除轻骨料砼lightweight aggregate concrete...air-entraining agent 引气剂mass concrete 大体积砼bloating(bulking /expansion) agent 无砂砼膨胀剂non-fines concretecoring admixture 着色剂non-plastic concrete 干硬性砼early-strength admixture 早强剂non-shrinkage concrete 无收缩砼gas-forming admixture 发气剂（起泡剂）normal concrete 常态砼fluidizer plain concrete 素砼塑化剂retarding agent 缓凝剂porous concrete 多孔砼set-controlling admixture 调凝剂预应力砼prestressed concretesuper-plasticizer 增塑剂、高效减水剂pump concrete 泵送砼surface-active agent 表面活性剂reinforced concrete 钢筋砼water-reducing agent 减水剂roller compacted concrete( rollcrete) 碾压砼accelerating water reducer 速凝型减水剂second stage concrete 二期砼retarding water reducer 缓凝型减水剂作业（Activity）waterproof agent 防水剂clearance(clearing) 清理）指标（concreteIndexes抗压强度compressive strength pouring(placement/casting) 砼浇筑压应力compressive stress curing 养护砼等级concrete class 薄膜养护Membrance curing终凝强度moist curing 湿润养护final strength级配标准养护normal curing graduation蒸汽养护级配曲线graduation curve steam curing修理repairing 抗渗性impermeability初凝强度initial setting strength Scabbling (chiping/roughening) 凿毛配比设计mix design greencutting 冲毛抗冻融性surface finishing 收面resistance to freezing and thawing抗剪强度shear strength 振捣vibrating缺陷（Defects坍落度slump ）bug hole(pitted surface) 麻面比重specific weight/gravitystability against s cavity 狗洞cold joint 冷缝抗滑稳定性liding应变strain 裂缝cracksurface finish 表面平整度deformation 变形tensile strength 坑洼depression 抗拉强度fire-damaged concrete 火损砼tensile stress 拉应力跑模formwork shifting(moving) thermal stress 温度应力grout leakage 漏浆（挂帘）water-cement ratio 水灰比工作应力蜂窝honeycomb working stress不完全振捣、漏振incomplete vibration ）其他（Others不规则irregularity 验收acceptance segregation(bleeding) 离析age 龄期错台stair(staggered joint) aggregate 骨料tie rod hole 拉杆孔细骨料fine aggregatewater leakage 漏水粗骨料coarse aggregateair pocket 渗水water seepage 气囊Admixture外加剂（）气密性airtightness accelerator 速凝剂替代物、替换方法alternative...section area 截面面积apply 应用、施加shearkey 弯矩抗剪键bending momentkey groove 键槽block 仓号shotcrete dry-mix process 干喷砼生产binding strength 黏结强度shotcrete wet-mix process 湿喷砼生产calibration 标定simplify cement anchor 锚固卷简化simultaneously concrete plug 砼塞同时地spacer 水泥垫块concrete precast element 砼预制件spacing 间距concrete release sheet 发料单stress concentration 应力集中施工缝construction jointsymmetry 对称contamination /pollution 污染technical data 技术参数conversion(reconstruction) 改建temperature control 温度控制coverage 覆盖范围temperature difference 温差养护剂curing agenttemperature rise(gain) delivery sheet 运料单温度升高theoretical elongation 理论延长量direct discharge 直接入仓unloading elevation 高程、正视图卸载water stop 止水还氧砂浆抹面epoxy mortar applicationPVC water stop PVCexisting 现有（存）的止水rubber water stop 橡皮止水expansion joint 伸缩缝copper water stop 铜止水facilitate 使容易（便利）watertightness 闭水性纤丝笼gabionwinter protection 湿度冬季保温humidity◆模板（identity Formwok/Shutteringform) 识别、标记erecting(setting up/fixing) formwork 立模ingredient 成分、配料Stripping (removing/dismantling) formwork inspection 拆检查、验收模preliminary inspection 初验bond breaker 脱模剂final inspection 终验climbing cone appearance inspection 外观检查爬升锥dam bracket 大坝支架完整的、未被触动的intactdistance piece 塔间缝横支撑inter-tower jointdouble-curvature formwork introduce into 双曲模板穿入将……flat formwork 平面模板isolate 隔离formwork oil laitance 模板油浮浆皮pigtail anchor layer(lift)height 层高猪尾筋retractable formwork 满足设计要求meet design requirement 进退式模板shearkey box moment of inertia 惯性距键槽盒sliding formwork 滑模预留孔Pocket (box out/preset hole)steel form carrier 后冷却post-cooling 钢模台车steel formwork 后张拉post tensioning 钢模steel waling pre-cooling 预冷却钢围令、钢支撑stopend pre-stressing 堵头、封堵模板预应力temporary formwork 临时模板先张拉pre-tensioningtie rod(form tie) 拉杆扒拉试验pull-off testtiltable formwork 钢筋保护层reinforcement cover 倾斜式模板remark 备注顶拱及底拱模板vault and invert formwork...flow rate meter 测量计wood formwork 木模galvanized elbow ）镀锌弯头◆钢筋（Reinforcement Rebargrout cap 灌浆帽distribution bar 分布筋grout cell 出浆盒dowel 插筋grout stop plate 止浆片horizontal bar 水平筋grout valve lap length 搭接长度灌浆阀inlet pipe 进浆管main stress bar 主应力筋large radius elbow 大弧弯头overlap 搭接main pipe 总管shear bar 剪力筋male-quick coupling 外丝快接头splice welding 绑条焊接outlet pipe starter bar 起始筋、苗子锦出浆管packer 灌浆塞stirrup 箍筋piston support bar 架立筋活塞plug 竖直筋vertical bar 堵头reducer socket ）◆灌浆（Grouting变径管套return pipe 回填灌浆回浆管backfill groutingtee piece consolidation grouting 固结灌浆三通管reduce tee piece 接触灌浆变径三通管contact groutingswivel-clamp 帷幕灌浆curtain grouting 转卡U-bend U弯头gap grouting 接缝灌浆union 活接头gravity grouting 自重灌浆ventilation pipe 排气管jet grouting 旋喷灌浆water supply 水包多次灌浆multi-stage grouting参数及指标（pressure grouting 压力灌浆Parameter andIndexes环行灌浆ring grouting ）consistency single-stage grouting 一次灌浆稠度fineness 细度Activity工艺过程（）grout take 吃浆量通风试验air testhigh take backfilling of hole 封孔吃浆量大grouting pressure 灌浆压力通水试验flushing testleakage rate 漏水率joint washing 洗缝Lugeon 吕容密封sealmix proportion 浆比soak 浸泡pumping rate 压水试验water pressure test 泵浆率refusal criteria 管路及组件（排浆标准Circuit and Elements）air supply 风包抽浆时间refusal time升降管arising pipe water aborptin 吸水率circuit 回路Plant and Instrument）仪器设备（搅拌站agitator 卡子clamp自动记录仪automatic recorder 旋塞cockchiller plant(cooling plant) 蛇形管coil 制冷站displancement point cylinder 缸套位移点对丝连接套double nipple 电子流量计electronic grout flow meterexpansion coupling 伸缩节extensometer 变位计female-quick coupling flow transmitter 流量传感器内丝快接头foundation displacementfixed clamp 死卡...first order triangulation 一等三角测量indicator 基础位移指示器geodetic 灌浆泵大地测量学的grout pumpgeodetic surveying 大地测量hydrometer 比重计joint survey 联合测量joint meter 测缝计known point 已知点mixing plant 制浆站level surface monitor 监测器水准面local triangulation networks 局部三角网osmometer 渗压计national coordination system 国家坐标网pendulum 钟摆observe 观测、监视portable instrument 便携式仪器point to be located 待定点pressure gauge 压力表position pressure sensor 定位、位置压力传感器reconnaissance 选点、踏勘reinforcement meter 钢筋计reference point steel basin 搅拌槽参考点second order triangulation 应变计二等三角测量strain meterset out 温度传感器temperature sensor 放线、放样stake-line 集线站测桩线terminal stationstate plane coordinate system 其他（Others）国家平面坐标系check hole 检查孔survey point 测点compartment 灌区theoretical point 理论点浓浆dense mixtraverse(polygon) foundation uplift 基础隆起导线（测量）、横断error of traverse 灌浆孔导线闭合差grout holelattice traverse instrument hole 仪器孔网格状导线long side traverse 长导线一primary/secondary and tertiary grout holesopen traverse 非闭合导线序、二序、三序灌浆孔short side traverse 短导线加密灌浆孔距spilt spacingtraverse closure 弃浆导线闭合waste mixtraverse station 导线点）Survey◆测量（traverse survey Methods and Terms测量方法及术语（）导线测量triangulation 三角测量校正、调整adjusttriangulation network 三角网adjustment 平差triangulation of high order 高等级三角网容许误差allowancetriangulation point 三角点backsight point 后视点trilateration 基础点basic point 三边测量vertical-control net bench mark 水准点高程控制网wood pile 木桩罗盘compass角度测量（桩号chainage(station number) Angular Measure）azimuth 三角锁chain of triangulation 方位角bearing check 校核、对照方位、象限角buddle 控制点control point 气泡、水准器circle coordinate point 坐标点度盘、圆盘circular bubble datum 基础面圆水准器collimation axis 视准轴基准点datum pointcross-line(cross-hair) 十字丝偏差deviationdepression angle 容易识别点easily identifiable point 俯角error 误差仰角elevation angle...tape 卷尺eyepiece(ocular) 目镜invar tape 标杆铟瓦钢卷尺field pole(staff)高程测量（foot-screw 脚螺栓Height Measurement）altitude/elevation 水平角高程、海拔horizontal angleapproximate leveling 近似置平、粗平mark 标志（明）automatic level 自动定平水准仪objective lens 物镜difference in altitude(difference of 铅垂、垂线plumb(plummet)elevation ,height difference) sight 瞄准、观测高差error of closure in leveling 水准闭合差target 目标、瞄准exact leveling 精平、确置平theodolite 经纬仪level 水准仪（测点）横轴tranverse axislevel circuit 水准闭合环tripod 三脚架level shoe 水准尺垫vertical angle 竖直角line of level 水准线路vertical axis 竖轴national geodetic vertical datum 国家大地高望远镜（Telescope）程基准面centering 对中reduced level face left 盘左归化高差run back 盘右返测face rightrun out focus 集中、焦点往测three-wire leveling 三丝法水准测量调焦focusing地形测量（指标误差Topographic Survey）index errorboundary inverted position of telescope(reverse 边界、界线construction stake 施工标桩telescope)倒镜、盘右contour 等高线normal position of telescope(direct telescope)contour interval 等高距正镜、盘右contouring 光学垂准器绘等高线optical plummetcontour-length method round 等高线延长法测回contour line 等高线set 套、组control network 控制网测站stationdetail 细部、详图）Distance Measure距离测量（draw barometer 气压计绘图field 基线base line(basic line/datum line) 外业fix 固定、确定battery 电池form line 地形图EDM(electromagnetic distance measurement)grid 格网电磁波测距information filter 滤光片、滤波器注记、资料、情报marginal information 激光准直系统laser alignment system 轮廓注记large-scale laser beam 激光束大比例尺的latitude 棱镜prism 纬度、范围latitude circle 测程、距离range 纬圈latitude line long range 远程纬线legend 中程图例medium rangelocation 定线、定位短程short rangelongitude 测距仪range finder 经度longitude line 信号signal 经线spring balance 弹簧称地图、制图map...strong-motion seismogragh 强震仪mapping 制图、测图、地质素描surface monument 拼接线表面标点match linetemperature sensor 温度传感器monument 标石、石柱terminal house 终端房object 地物、目标terminal station 终端站plan 平面图、略图tilt meter plot 绘图倾角计time average pressure cell profile 断面（图）、纵剖图时均压力计total pressure cell 总压力盒record 记录、资料velometer 流速计setup 定置仪器vertical inclinometer 垂直测斜仪定位site locationvibrating wire piezometer 震旋式渗压计stake out 放样、定线、立桩vibrating wire settlement sensor 振旋式沉降符号、记号symbol仪topographic detail 地形细部weir with micro piezometer 带微压计的量水堰地形图topographic mapworking base point Instrumentation ◆原形观测观测仪器和设施{工作基点砼无应力计and Facilities）zero stress-strain meter）附件及配件（air-entraining meter 掺气剂Acessories and Spare Parts卡尔逊式渗压计Carlson-type piezometer 盘绕coilconcrete strain meter 砼应变计零部件component坐标仪coordinator convergent point 收敛测点阻尼角damping box direct plumb line 正垂线差动电阻differential resistance 土压力盒earth pressure cell双层保护embankment piezometer 坝体渗压计double layer rubber sleeve堤应变计embankment strain meter 强制对中盘forced centering plate仪器电缆instrument lead extended wire 引张线foundation piezometer 铟瓦丝invar wire 基础渗压计horizontal inclinometer 水平测斜仪metal ring 金属环plumb coordinate meter 垂线坐标仪hydraulic instrument 水力学仪器pulley hydrophone 水听器滑轮测斜管inclinometer casing regulator 调节器riser interface joint meter 界面变位计立管传感器sensor 倒垂线inverted plumb line微压计绕轴spool micro piezometermultiple position extensometer 多点位移计钢底座steel socket药片observation point 观测标点tablet观测井observation well 张拉重锤tensioning weight视准线optical alignment line thermistor 热敏电阻钢板计plate strain meter tip 测头气压式渗压计）Procession of Installation安装过程（pneumatic piezometer组装assemble 脉动压力计pressure fluctuation meterprestressed tendon anchorage 连接coupleembed 埋设预应力锚索测力计dynamometer安装install 锚杆测力计rock bolt extensometer单点位移计single point extensometer 绝缘insulatespiral sensor 测扭仪维护maintenancestandpipe 测压管监测monitor...fineness modulus 细度模数protection of instrumentation 仪器保护gaping place rate 空隙率reduce 归纳grader retained percentage seal 密封分计筛余百分率grain composition 颗粒级配splice 拼接grain size 粒径supply 提供lightweight matter in aggregate 轻物质含量test 测试mica content 云母含量资料（Information）moisture content(water rate) 含水率assemble schematic 装配简图mud content 含泥量合格证书certificateorganic content description 使用说明书有机质含量potential reactivity of aggregate 维护指南骨料潜在活性maintenace guidelinemanual 说明书饱和的saturation筛分曲线sieving curve 工作原理operating principleoperating restraint 操作范围软弱骨料含量soft grain in aggregate坚固性soundness procedure 程序表面含水率surface moisture content trouble shooting procedure 鼓掌分析程序水溶性硫化物water-soluble sulphide Others其他（）(Hydraulicity cementitious 水硬性胶凝材料环行空间annular spacematerial) 数据采集data acquisitiondata recording 数据记录龄期agecement mark(strength of cement /cement 引线孔leas drilling hole永久记录permanent record 水泥标号grade)consumptive use of water normal consistance 读数设备readout devicesaturated 饱和的标准稠度用水量流动性degree of mobilization seepage isolation dike 截渗堤dissolution heat ( solution heat ) 溶解热梯形trapezoidal◆水工常规试验final set 终凝flexural strength 抗弯强度砼原材料试验（Test of Raw and Processedflyash 粉煤灰Material of Concrete））hydration heat 水化热Aggregate骨料（abrasion volume by Los Angeles rattler 初凝initial set洛杉机磨耗量烧矢量loss on ignition(ignition loss)凝结时间累计筛余百accumulated retained percentage setting time硅粉silica fume 分率水泥的安定性soundness 针状与acicular and flaky grain in aggregate 片状颗粒含量specific surface area 比表面积specific heat 比热碱骨料反应alkali-aggregate reactionwater demand ratio 吸水量比视密度apparent density）外加剂（容重bulk density (unity weight) Admixture泡沫稳定性clay lumps and friable particles in aggregate bubble stabilitybubbling ability 起泡能力黏土块及易碎颗粒含量软化系数coefficient of softening chloride content 氯化物含量压碎指标crush index 抗压强度比compressive strength ratecontract with dry rate 干缩率干燥状态dry statedispersing coefficient 分散系数exceeding and inferior grain indispersing ability of wateraggregate 超逊径颗粒含量...-reducing agent 减水剂分散能力linear expansion coefficient 线膨胀系数loss of weight 重量损失loss of slump 塌落度损失natural frequency 自振频率硫酸盐含量sulphate contentpermeate 渗透solid content 固体含量permeated height 渗透高度surface tension 表面张力permeated-resisting markwater-reducing rate 减水率抗渗标号relative coefficient of permeability Water）相对渗透系水（数碱度alkalinityresonance frequency 共振频率calcion 钙离子sample 钙酸试件carbonic acidself-grown volume deformationchlorion 氯离子（砼）自生体积变形equivalent concentration 当量浓度splitting tensile strength 劈裂抗拉强度oxygen consumption 耗氧量static compressive modulus of elasticity 静力normal solution (standard抗压弹数标准溶液solution)temperature conductivity PH value PH值导温系数tensile modulus of elasticity 抗拉弹性模量water analysis 水值分析thermal insulation warming 砼（绝热温升Concrete）ultimate tensile strain 极限拉应变Mixture砼拌和物（）ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度砼保证强度assurance strength of concretewear rate bleeding rate 泌水率磨损率wear-resisting strength 抗冲磨强度cement-sand ration 灰砂比砂浆（Cement）砼设计标号design strength of concretecement lime mortar 砼的流动性flowability of concrete 水泥石灰砂浆cement mortar 水泥砂浆mix proportion (proportion of mixture) 砼配合cement-clay mortar 水泥黏土砂浆比epoxy mortar mixture uniformity 拌和物的均匀性环氧砂浆lime mortar 石灰砂浆贯入阻力法penetration-obstruction methodplastering mortar 砼抹面砂浆probability of ensuring strength of concretepointing joint mortar 勾缝砂浆强度保证率土（sand rate 砂率Soil）accumulation curve (cumulative curve) 单位用水量unit consumption of water 累计曲线water retention (water retentiveness) 保水性activity index 活性指标水灰比water-cement ratioangle of friction 摩擦角）硬化砼（Hardened concreteAtterberg limits(water content as limit) 轴向抗拉强度axial tensile strength 阿太堡界限（界限含水量）coefficient of thermal conductivity 导热系数California bearing ratio cooling rate 冷却率载重比coarse-grained soil core of concrete 粗粒土砼芯样coefficient of compressibility creep deformation (time deformation ) 压缩系数徐变变coefficient of cubical形compressibility 形状系数form coefficient(form factor) 体积压缩系数coefficient of curvature freezing -melting circulation 冻融循环曲率系数compression 压缩frost-resistance mark 抗冻标号compression index 砼热学性能heat property of concrete 压缩指数height-diameter ration 高径比压缩模数compression modulus...consolidated-undrained (quick) shear test 固pore water pressure 空隙水压力porosity 结不排水剪（固结快剪）试验空隙率principal stress 主应力consolidated-drained (slow) shear test 固结不Proctor compaction test 普氏击实试验排水剪（慢剪）试验relative density 相对密度consolidation 固结sand replacement method consolidation coefficient 固结系数灌砂法saturability (saturation degree/percent consolidation settlement 固结沉降saturation) 饱和度consolidation stress 固结应力saturated unit weight 饱和容重continuous grading/gradation 连接级配seepage deformation 收缩试验渗透变形contraction test(shrinkage test)seepage force(seepage pressure) 环刀法core cutter method 渗透力seepage line 蠕变曲线渗透线creep curveseepage speed 渗透速度critical slope 逸出坡降（临界坡降）shear stress 达西定律切向应力（剪应力）Darcy's lawshrinkage limit 固结度degree of consolidation 缩限skip(gap/jump) grading 自由膨胀率间断级配degree of free swellingspecific gravity of soil particle direct shear test 直接剪切试验土粒比重steady seepage field 稳定渗流场反复直剪强度试direct shear test of reiterationstress path 验应力路径total strength envelope 总强度包线distribution curve 分布曲线triaxial compression test 三轴压缩试验流土drift soil (shifting soil/mass flow)unconfined compression strength effective angle of inner friction 有效内摩擦角无侧限抗压强度effective strength envelope 有效强度包线unconsolidated undrained test 不固结不排水expansion force 膨胀力剪（快剪）试验膨胀率expansion ration(specific expansion)variable head method filtering flow(seepage flow) 渗流变水头法void(pore) ratio 孔隙比细粒土fine-grained soilwater replacement method 流网灌水法flow net(drift net)wet density hydraulic slope 湿密度水力坡降其它建筑材料hydrometer method 比重计法钢筋（steel ）常水头法hydrostatic head methodbending and unbending 反复弯曲limit equilibrium state 极限平衡状态cold bending test 冷弯试验液化liquefactionelongation test 液限拉伸试验liquid limitnominal diameter liquidity index 公称直径液化指标ratio of elongation maximum dry density 最大干密度伸长率relaxation test method of sieving 筛分法松弛试验steel strand 莫力应力圆钢绞线Mohr's stress circletensile yield strength 拉伸屈服强度库伦破坏莫尔Mohr-coulomb failure criteria -ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度准则木材（Wood法向应力（正应力）normal stress ）curshing strength paralled to the oedometer curve 压缩曲线grain 最优含水量optimum moisture content 顺纹抗压强度tensile strength paralled to the piping 管涌grain plastic limit 顺纹抗拉强度塑限crushing strength across th eplasticity index 塑性指标...Ordovician period (system) 奥陶纪（系）grain 横纹抗压强度Silurian period (system) tensile strength across to the 志留纪（系）Devonian period (system) 泥盘纪（系）grain 横纹抗拉强度Carboniferous period (system) 石碳纪（系）沥青（Asphalt）Permian period (system) 二叠纪（系）brittle temperature test 脆化点试验Triassic period (system) expansion test 延伸度试验三叠纪（系）Jurassic period (system) 针入式试验penetration test 侏罗纪（系）Cretaceous period (system) 白垩纪（系）softening point test 软化点试验Tertiary period (system) 第三纪（系）test of aging 老化试验Quaternary period (system) 第四纪（系）viscosity test 粘滞性试验地质构造（Geologic Structural）Quality Management）质量管理（fault 断层average 平均值normal fault 正断层deviation standard(error of meanreversed fault 逆断层squares) 均方差parallel fault 平移断层deviation coefficient(dispersiongouge 断层泥coefficient) 离差系数stria 擦痕相关系数index of correlationjoint 节理management limit 管理界限primary joint 原生节理mathematic statistics 数理统计secondary joint 次生节理maximum 最大值tension joint 最小值minimum 张节理unloading joint normal distribution 正态分布卸荷节理schistosity 片理quality assurance 质量保证bedding 层理quality examination 质量检测foliation 板理（叶理）回归曲线regression curveripple mark 相对湿度波痕relative dampnessmud crack sample capacity 泥痕样本容量rain print 雨痕sampling frequency 取样频率orientation of bedrock 岩层产状样品specimenstrike 走向statistical analysis 统计分析dip 技术规范technical specification 倾向angle of dip (dip angle ) technical standard 技术标准倾角fold 褶皱试验环境testing circumstanceanticline 背斜testing error 试验误差syncline 向斜试验规程testing regulation Monocline (homocline) 方差分析单斜variance analysisdome ◆地质穹隆(Geology)soft stratum 地质年代（软弱岩层Geochronology of Geologiczone of fracture(broken zone ) ）Ages破碎带affected zone 影响带Archaeozoic era (erathem) 太古代（界）元古代（界）Proterozoic era (erathem) 板状构造platy structurePalaeozoic era (erathem) 古生代（界）cleavage 解理中生代（界）fracture(rupture) 断裂Mesozoic era (erathem)裂隙新生代（界）Cenozoic era (erathem) fissure(crack/fracture)震旦纪（系）Sinian period (system) ）Rock type岩石类型（Cambrian period (system) 寒武纪（系）岩石学petrology...quartzite 石英岩igneous rock 火成岩marble 岩浆岩大理岩magmatic rockmylonite 糜棱岩lava(vocanic rock) 火山岩migmatite 混合岩intrusive (invade) rock 侵入岩cataclasite 碎裂岩effusive rock 深成岩sediment(deposit) pypabussal rock 浅成岩沉积物（层）boulder 漂石、顽石acid rock 酸性岩cobble 卵石inter-mediate rock 中性岩gravel 砾石basic rock 基性岩sand 砂ultrabasic rock 超基性岩siltstone 粉土granite 花岗岩clay 黏土porphyry 斑岩sandy clay rhyolite 砂质黏土玢岩clayey sand 流纹岩粘质砂土syenitesandy loam trachyte 粗面岩壤土、亚黏土regolith ( topsoil ) 浮土、表土diorite 闪长岩loess andesite 安山岩黄土laterite 辉长岩红土gabbropeat basalt 玄武岩泥炭ooze 软泥、海泥aplite 细晶岩造岩矿物（伟晶岩pegmatite Rock-formingMinerals）lamprophyre 煌斑岩talc 滑石辉绿岩diabasegypsum dunite 橄榄岩石膏calcite 方解石浮岩pumicefluorite 萤石sedimentary rock 沉积岩apatite 碎屑岩clastic rock 磷灰石feldspar 长石clay rock 黏土岩quartz 石英化学岩chemical rocktopaz biolith 生物岩黄玉corundum 刚玉砾岩conglomeratediamand 金刚石siltstone 粉砂岩orthoclase 正长石泥岩mudstoneplagloclase 页岩斜长石shalebiotite 黑云母盐岩saline rockmuscovite limestone 石灰岩白云母amphibole 白云岩dolomite 角闪石phroxene marl 泥灰岩辉石olivine 火山角砾岩volcanic breccia 橄榄石dolomite 火山块集岩volcanic agglomerate 白云石tuff 凝灰岩高岭石kaolinitemontmorillonite 蒙脱石变质岩metamorphic rock斑脱石、膨润土bentonite 板岩slate千枚岩phyllite 伊力石illiteschist 片岩石榴子石garnetgneiss 片麻岩绿泥石chlorite...serpentine 蛇纹石streak 条痕rent/fracture 断口pyrite 黄铁矿crystal form 晶形hematite 赤铁矿岩石学(Petrology) 磁铁矿magnetiteclassification 褐铁矿分类limonitestructure 构造应力工程地质（Engineering Geology）texture 结构Geotechnics ( geotechnique) 土工学（土工技fabric 组构术、岩石工程）mineral composition 矿物组成rock mechanics 岩石力学crystalline 结晶质soil mechanics 土力学amorphous substance geomechanics 地质力学、岩石力学非晶质fossil engineering geological 化石degree of rounding 工程地质条件conditons 磨圆度degree of grains 工程地质问题粒度engineering geological problem地层地貌(Stratum andPhysiognomy) rock mass structure 岩体结构basin 盆地geographic and geomorphic conditions 地形river valley 河谷地貌条件river bed 河床geophysical phenomenon 物理地质现象topography 地形水文地质条件hydrogeological conditionsterrain 天然材料地势natural materialsattitude reservoir 水库产状rock base ( batholite) 岩基settlement 沉降rock stock 岩株位移displacementrock flow deformation 变形岩流rock loccolith 岩盖构造应力tectonic stressrock lopolith 岩盆residual stress 残余应力rock dike 岩墙内摩擦角angle of internal frictionrock sill 岩床cohesion 内聚力（粘聚力、凝聚力）vein dyke 岩脉压力隧洞pressure tunnel sediment(deposit) underground cavern/cavity 地下洞室沉积物（层）alluvium 冲积物（层）覆盖物overburdenproluvium(diluvium) 洪积物（层）bed rock(base rock/foundation rock) 基岩deluvium 坡积物（层）坚硬岩石firm/sound rockeluvium 残积物（层）weak/soft rock 软弱岩石eolian deposit 夹层interbed 风积物（层）lake deposit 破碎带湖积物（层）zone of fracture (broken zones )marine deposit homogeneity 海积物（层）均质性glacial (drift) deposit nonhomogeneity/heterogeneity 非均质性冰川沉积物（层）colluvial deposit (colluvium) isotropy 各向同性崩积物（层）交错层cross-bedding anisotropy 各向异性地质构造geologic structure (Physical Character of 矿物质的物理性质geotectonics Minerals)大地构造学地堑graben 硬度hardness地垒光泽luster horst颜色color 整合cordance(conformity)transparencey/pellucidity 透明度非整合discordance(unconformity)...。

水利水电词汇床面形态 Bed form床沙质 (造床质 ) bed material load垂线观测坐标仪（垂线观测仪） coordinatograph for plummet observation 垂线平均流速 mean velocity at a vertical垂直度 perpendicularity垂直度盘指标差（指标差，竖盘指标差） index error of vertical circle 垂直升船机 vertical ship lift垂直收缩系数 vena-contracta coefficient垂直位移工作点 operative mark of vertical displacement垂直位移观测（沉陷观测，沉降观测） vertical displacement observation 垂直位移基点 datum mark of vertical displacement磁法勘探 magnetic prospecting磁方位角 magnetic azimuth磁极 fieid pole磁子午线 magnetic meridian次固结(次压缩 ) secondary consolidation(secondary compression)次固结沉降 secondary consolidation settlement次生曲流 submeander次生盐碱化 secondary salinization次要建筑物 secondary structure凑合节 adjuster of steel pipe粗骨料 coarse aggregate粗碎 primary crushing粗制螺栓 bolt,rough bolt错缝 staggered joint搭接 lap joint达西渗流定律Darcy′s law of seepage大坝变形观测 dam deformation observation大坝水泥 dam cement大暴雨 large rainstorm大潮(朔望潮 ) spring tide大地构造 geotectonics大地控制点（大地点） geodetic control point大地水准面 geoid大地原点（大地基准点） geodetic datum大气窗口 atmospheric window大气折光差 atmospheric refraction error大体积混凝土 mass concrete大头坝 massive-head dam (massive-buttress dam)大修理费 overhauling cost代表性露点 representative dew point带喉管的圆筒式调压室 throttled surge chamber带舌瓣闸门 gate with flap带速饱和变流器差动保护 longitudinal differential protection employing quickly-saturable transformer带状间作 strip cropping带状淤积 belt deposit贷款偿还年限 pay back period of loan单层布置 single storey layout单调节调速器 single-regulation governor单回线 single-circuit line单机调节 independent regulation单级单吸悬臂式离心泵 single-stageend-suction centrifugal pump单级双吸式离心泵 single-stagedouble-suction centrifugal pump单极高压直流系统 monopolar/unipolar HVDC system单价合同 (固定单价合同 ) unit-price contract单价和总价混合合同 lump-sum and unit-price combined contract单列布置 single row layout单母线接线 single-bus connection单曲拱坝 single curvature arch dam单位弹性抗力系数 coefficient of unit elastic resistance单位电能投资 cost per kilowatt-hour单位工程 unit project单位耗药量 powder factor单位容量投资 (单位千瓦投资 ) cost per kilowatt单位水力矩 unit hydraulic torque单位水推力 unithydraulic thrust单位线 (单位过程线 ) unit hydrograph单位线 (时段单位线 ) unit hydrograph单位转速 [流量][出力] unit speed[discharge][power]单吸式离心泵 single-suction pump单相变压器 single-phase transformer单相重合闸 one-phase ARC单向变形 one directional deformation单向波 one-direction wave单斜岩层 monocline单因子试验 experiment of single factor单元接线 (发电机—变压器组接线 ) generator-transformer unit connection 弹簧常数 spring constant弹性 elasticity弹性极限 limit of elasticity弹性抗力系数 coefficient of elastic resistance弹性模量 (弹性系数 ,杨氏模数 ) modulus of elasticity弹性屈曲 elastic buckling弹性释水系数 (弹性给水度 ) elastic storavity弹性支承 elastic support当地加速度 (时变加速度 ) local acceleration挡潮闸 (防潮闸 ) tide barrage挡水建筑物 water retaining structure挡水面板 water retaining deck挡水墙 head wall挡土墙 retaining wall导爆索 (传爆索 ) primacord (detonatin fuse)导洞掘进法 heading and cut method导航建筑物 (导航架 ) guide structure (approachtrestle) 导火索 safety fuse导流 River diversion导流堤取水 intake with diversion dike导流方案 diversion scheme导流方式 (导流方法 ) diversion procedure导流孔 (洞)封堵 plugging of the diversion opening导流流量标准 (导流标准 ) diversion discharge frequency 导流时段 diversion period导流隧洞 diversion tunnel导沙槽 sand-guide channel导沙坎 (拦沙坎 ,挡沙坎 ) sand-guide sill导水机构 gate operating mechanism导水系数 coefficient of transmissivity导水锥 hydrocone导线测量 traverse survey导线点 traverse point导线网 traverse network导线网平差 adjustment of traverse network导向坡度 guide slope导向装置 guiding device导叶分布圆 gate circle,wicket gate circle导叶高度 guide vane height导叶开口 guide vane opening导叶限位块 gate stop导轴承 guide bearing导轴瓦间隙 guide bearing clearance倒锤线观测（倒锤法） inverse plumb line observation倒虹吸管 inverted siphon稻田适宜水深 suitable water depth in paddy field灯泡式水轮发电机 bulb hydraulic generator灯泡式水轮机 bulb turbine等高耕作 (横坡耕作 ) contour tillage等高截流 contour interception等高距（等高线间隔） contour interval等高线 contour等径流深图 runoff isopleth map等流时线 isochrone等密图 contour diagram等面积定则 equal-area criterion等容粒径 volume equivalent diameter等水位线图 water table contour map等速流 homogeneous flow等效网络 equivalent network等压面 equi-pressure surface等雨量线图 isohyetal map等值线图 isoline map低坝 low dam低电压保护 under voltage protection低电压闭锁 (起动)过电流保护 under voltage-started over current protection 低流态混凝土 low-slump concrete低频起动 low frequency starting低型布置 low-type layout低压 (低电压 ) low voltage (L.V.)低压配电屏 low voltage distribution panel/board低压配电装置 Low voltage switchgear installation低压配电装置 low voltage switchgear installation低扬程泵站 low-head pumping station堤 dike (embankment,levee)堤后式泵房 pump house at levee-toe堤身式泵房 water retaining pump house滴灌 drip irrigation滴灌系统 system of drip irrigation底环 bottom ring底槛 embedded sill (ground sill)底孔导流 bottom outlet diversion底栏栅式取水 bottom-grating intake底流消能 (水跃消能 ) energy dissipation by hydraulic jump底枢 bottom pintle底缘 bottom edge抵偿年限 payment period抵偿年限法 payment period method地表径流 surface runoff地基沉降 ground settlement地基处理 Foundation treatment地基处理 Treatment of foundation地基稳定分析 Stability analysis of foundation地脚螺栓 foundation bolt地壳 earth crust地壳形变观测（大坝库区地壳形变观测） observation of earth crust deformation 地幔 earth mantle地貌 geomorphy地貌综合 cartographic generalization of relief地面分辨力 ground resolution地面灌溉系统 Surface irrigation system地面立体摄影测量 terrestrial stereo photogrammetry地面露点 dew point at earth surface地面排水系统 Surface drainage system地球弯曲差 error due to curvature of earth地球物理勘探 (物探) geophysical prospection地图 map地图编绘 Map Compilation地图编绘（原图编绘） map compilation地图编绘与制印 Map Compilation and Reproduction地图分幅 Sheet line system地图复照 map photography地图清绘 map fair drawing地图投影 map projection地图投影变换 map projection transfromation地图投影变形 distortion of map projection地图图号（图号） map numbering地图图式（图式） cartographic symbol地图印刷 map printing地图整饰 map appearance地图制版 map printing plate making地图制印 map reproduction地图制印与仪器 Map reproduction and instrument地物 planimetric feature地物和地貌的表示 representation of planimetric feature and geomorphy 地下暗管灌溉 irrigation by buried pipes地下工程施工 Under ground works construction地下浸润灌溉 subsurface irrigation by groundwater地下径流 groundwater runoff地下轮廓线 underground configuration地下埋管 underground penstock地下排水 subsurface drainage地下排水系统 Subsurface drainage system地下热水 hot groundwater地下式厂房 underground power house地下式水电站 underground hydroelectric station地下水侧向补给 recharge by ground water地下水超量开采 excessive mining of ground water地下水动态 ground water regime地下水降深 drawdown of groundwater地下水开采 Ground water mining地下水矿化度 mineralization of ground water地下水利用量 ground water supplement to the crop root zone地下水临界深度 critical depth of ground water地下水平衡 (地下水均衡 ) ground water balance地下水人工补给 (人工回灌 ) artificial recharge of ground water 地下水水文地质特性 Hydro geological characteristics of groundwater 地下水下降漏斗 depression cone of ground water地下水越层补给 recharge through weak permeable layer地下水资源 Ground water resources地下水资源开发利用 Development of ground water resources地形 landform地形测量 topographic survey地形图 topographic map地性线（地貌结构线，地貌特征线） orographic character line地震 earthquake地震动水压力 earthquake hydrodynamic pressure地震惯性力 earthquake inertia force地震勘探 seismic prospecting地震烈度 earthquake intensity地震前兆 premonitory symptom地震区划 seismic zoning地震水波 water wave by earthquake地震震级 earthquake magnitude地质编录 geological record地质点 geological observation point地质点测量 geololgical point survey地质构造 geologic structure地质基础 Basicgeology地质勘探 geological exploration地质雷达 geological radar地质力学 geomechanics地质剖面 geological section地质素描 geological sketch典型暴雨 typical rainstorm点法测量 point wise点荷载强度 point load strength点位中误差 mean square error of position点污染源 point-source of pollution点雨量 point precipitation(point rainfall)电测探法 electrical sounding电磁波测距误差 error in electromagnetic wave distance measurement电磁波测距仪 Electromagnetic wave distance measuring instrument（EDMI）电磁波测距仪（物理测距仪） electromagnetic wave distance measuring instrument（EDMI）电动发电机组 motor-generator set电动机 Motor电动机的额定转矩 rated load torque of motor电动机的起动转矩 starting torque of motor电动潜水泵 submersible motor pump电法勘探 electrical prospecting电机 Electrical machine电价 electricity price电抗器 Reactor电抗器 reactor (shunt reactor)电缆夹层 cable interlayer电雷管 electric blasting cap电力不足时间期望值 loss of load expectation (LOLE)电力弹性系数 (电力超前系统 ) elastic coefficient of electric energy 电力电缆 power cable电力负荷 Electric power load电力负荷 (电力负载 ) electric power load电力负荷图 electric load diagram电力工程二次部分 Electrotechnical Secondary Circuit电力工程一次部分 Electrotechnical Primary Circuit电力系统 Electrical power system电力系统的集中控制 centralized control of power system电力系统调度 Power system dispatch电力系统计算 Calculation of electric power system电力系统可靠性 Reliability of electric power system电力系统容量 Installed capacity of electric system电力系统运行 Operation of electric power system电力系统状态估计 state estimation in power system电力线载波通信 power line carrier communication电量不足期望值 expected energy not served (EENS)电流差动保护 current differential protection电流互感器 current transformer (CT)电流互感器的精确等级 accurate degree of current transformer电流密度 current density电流平衡保护 current balance protection电路图 circuit diagram电气缓冲单元 electric damper电气设备选择 Electric equipment selection电气液压式调速器 electro-hydraulic governor电气制动 braking resistance (BR)电气主接线 main electrical connection电容式电压互感器 capacitor voltage transformer电视测井 television logging电压变化率保护 voltage change rate protection电压调整率 voltage regulationrate电压互感器 potential transformer (PT) (voltage transformer)电压互感器的精确等级 accurate degree of potential transformer电压降 voltage drop (potential drop)电压控制母线 (PV母线) voltage control busbar电压偏移 voltage deviation电液转换器 (电液伺服阀 ) electro-hydraulic transducer,electro-hydraulic servo-valve 电液转换器失灵 maladjustment of electro-hydraulic transducer电源 Power source电站气蚀系数 plant cavitation factor电制动 electromagnetic braking电子速测仪（全站式电子速测仪，自动电子速测仪） electronic tacheometer电子印像机 electronic printer电阻率剖面法 (电剖面法 ) resistivity profiling凋萎系数 wilting coefficient, withering coefficient吊车轨道 crane rail吊车梁 crane runway girder吊耳 hoist eye (hook eye)吊杆 hanger (gate stem)吊罐 bucket吊距 centre distance between two hoist eyes调度端 control end (dispatching end)调度通信 dispatching communication调洪库容 flood control storage调绘像片 identified photograph调节流量 regulated flow调节年度 regulation year调节容积 adjustable volume调节系数 regulation coefficient调节周期 period of regulation调速器结构与部件 Components of governor调速器静特性试验 static characteristic test of governor调速器类型 Types of governor调速器失灵 maladjustment of governor调速系统 governing system调速系统静态特性 (永态转差系数图 ) static characteristics of governing system (speed droop graph) 调相容量 compensator capacity (condensator capacity)调相压水 bear on water for phase modulation (bear on water for condenser operation)调蓄容积 storage capacity调压阀 (空放阀 ) pressure regulator调压阀关闭时间 closing time for pressure regulator调压阀开启时间 opening time for pressure regulator调压阀滞后时间 dead time for pressure regulator调压井 surge shaft调压室 surge chamber调压塔 surge tank跌水 drop叠梁闸门 stoplog丁坝 spur dike (groin)顶盖 top cover (head cover)顶盖排水 head cover drainage顶管法 pipe jacking method顶枢 upper gudgeon (top pintle)定床河流模型 (定床河工模型 ) fixed bed model定点定面关系 precipitation relationship between fixed point and fixed area定电流控制 (定电流调节 ) constant current control/regulation定电压控制 (定电压调节 ) constant voltage control定功率控制 constant power control定量评价 quantitative evaluation定轮闸门 fixed roller gate (fixed wheel gate)定期保养 periodical maintenance, regular maintenance定倾半径 metacentric radius定倾中心 metacenter定时限电流保护 definite time-lag current protection定向爆破 directional throw blasting定向取心 directional coring定性评价 qualitative evaluation定裕度角控制 (定裕度角调节 ) constant margin angle control定子 stator定子短路时间常数 stator short-circuit time constant定子接地保护 earthing fault protection for generator stator定子匝间短路保护 stator inter-turn fault protection冬、雨季施工增加费 additional cost in winter-rainy season动床河流模型 (动床河工模型 ) movable bed model动点动面关系 (暴雨中心点面关系 ) precipitation relationship between center point and variable area动断触点 (常闭接点 ) break contact (normally-closed contact)动合触点 (常开接点 ) make contact (normally-open contact)动荷载 dynamic load动静弹模比 ratio of static-dynamic moduli动库容 dynamical storage动力触探试验 dynamic cone penetration test动力弹性模量 dynamic modulus of elasticity动力控制箱 power control box动力配电箱 power distributing box动力系数 dynamic factor动力相似 dynamic similarity动力粘滞系数 dynamic viscosity coefficient动力装备率 (动力装备系数 ) powered equipment rate 动量改正系数 momentum coefficient动量损失厚度 momentum loss thickness动能改正系数 kinetic energy coefficient动平床 moving flat bed动平衡 dynamic balancing动水压强 hydrodynamic pressure动态经济分析 dynamic economic analysis动态稳定 dynamic-state stability动态相似 (运动相似 ) kinematic similarity冻结基面 stationary datum冻胀力 frost heave pressure冻胀量 frost-heave capacity洞蚀 cave and hole erosion洞室爆破 coyote blasting陡槽 (泄槽) chute陡槽式溢洪道 chute spillway陡坡 chute陡坡 steep slope独立坐标系 independent coordinate system渡槽 aqueduct (flume)渡槽导流 aqueduct flume diversion端电池 end cell端面承压应力 bearing stress端子 (接线端子 ,引出端子 ) terminal端子接线图 terminal connection diagram短管 short pipe短路 short circuit短路比 short-circuit ratio (SCR)短路电流 short circuit current短路电流非周期分量 aperiodic component of short circuit current短路电流周期分量 periodic component of short circuit current短路计算 Short circuit calculation短路容量 short-circuit capacity短路校验计算 short-circuit check calculation短期水文预报 short date hydrologic forecasting断层 fault断层擦痕 slicken side断层角砾岩 fault breccia断层泥 fault gouge断层破碎带 shatterred fault zone断层破碎带处理 treatment of fault and fracture zone断层破碎带处理 treatment of fault-fracture zone断层上盘 hanging wall断层下盘 heading wall断口 fracture断裂韧性 toughness of fracture断流围堰导流 (拦断河床导流 ,全断面导流 ) full river by-pass diversion 断路器 circuit breaker断路器失灵保护 (后备接线保护 ) breaker failure protection断面比力 specific force断面比能 specific energy断面测量 section survey断面模型 sectional model断面平均流速 average velocity of cros ssection断面平均流速 mean velocity at across-section(over all mean velocity)断水保护 water supply cut-off protection堆焊 pad welding堆积阶地 construction alter race堆石 rock filling堆石坝 rock fill dam对称电压 symmetric voltage对接 butt joint对流层散射通信 tropospheric scatter communication对数螺线形拱坝 logarithmic spiral arch dam对外交通 site access盾构法 shielding method多波段扫描仪（多光谱扫描仪） multi band scanner多端高压直流输电系统 multi-terminal HVDC transmission system多阀单元 multiplevalve unit多级泵 multi-stage pump多级泵站 multistage pumping station多级船闸 multi-stage lock (flight locks)多年调节 over year regulation(carry over regulation)多年平均年发电量 average annual energy output多年平均年径流量 mean annual runoff多首制取水 multi-head water intake多线船闸 multi-line lock (multiple lock)多相流 multi-phase flow多油式断路器 bulk oil circuit breaker额定变比 rated transformation ratio额定电流 rated current额定电压 rated voltage额定动稳定电流 (额定极限通过电流 ) rated dynamic current (rated limit through-current)额定工况 rated condition额定工况 (满载工况 ) rated condition额定关合电流 rated making current额定开断电流 rated breaking current额定频率 rated frequency额定容量 rated capacity额定水头 rated head额定油压 rated oil pressure额定值 rated value额定值 rated value (rating)额定转速 rated speed二[三]段式电流保护 two[three]-step current protection二倍照准差互差（ 2c互差， 2c较差） discrepancy between twice collimation errors二次电流 [电压] secondary current[voltage]二次回路 secondary circuit二次接线图 secondary connection diagram二次筛分 (最终筛分 ) finish screening二端高压直流输电系统 two-terminal HVDC transimission system二期冷却 second stage cooling二维流 (二元流 ) two-dimensional flow发包设计 bid design发电电动机 generator-motor发电机 -变压器组保护 protection for generator-transformer unit发电机[电力变压器、调相机、电动机、母线、电抗器 ]保护 protection of synchronous generator [power。

国际工程常用英汉词汇汇编一、基础词汇access 交通agreement 同意、协议allocation 分配、配置approval 同意、批准arbitration 仲裁Asia Development Bank 亚洲开发银行assistant 助理、助手authorize(delegate)授权、委托Bill of Quantities(BOQ) 工程量表civil works 土建工程claim 索赔comment 评论、意见commercial manager 商务经理conditions of contract 合同条件general conditions 通用条件conditions of particular application 专用条件special conditions of contract 特别条件Conditions of contract for Works of Civil Engineering Construction 土木工程施工合同条件construction management 施工管理consultant 顾问contract agreement 合同协议Contractor 承包商cooperation 合作coordination 协作cost 费用cost control 成本控制counterclaim 反索赔demobilization 退场department 部门Designer 设计者drawing 图纸shop drawing 车间图design drawing 设计图as-built drawing 竣工图blue drawing 蓝图transparent drawing 透明图construction drawing 施工图electric works 电气工程Employer(Client/Owner) 业主Engineer 工程师Engineer's representative 工程师代表engineering project 工程项目international project 国际工程overseas project 海外工程domestic project 国内工程equipment 设备expatriate 外籍职员expert 专家export 出口Federation of Civil Engineering Contractor 土木工程承包商联合会formal 正式的hydromechanical works 金结工程import 进口in charge of 负责、主管informal 非正式的Institution of CivilEngineers(ICE) 土木工程师协会instrument 仪器、器械insurance 保险labour 劳务layout 布置leading company(sponsor)牵头公司、责任公司liability(responsibility/obligation) 责任、义务lump sump 总包machinery 机械manpower(human resource) 人力资源Manufacturer 制造商material 材料measure 办法、措施take effective measures 采取有效措施measurement 测量、计量memorandum 备忘录mobilization 进场objection 反对payment 支付plant 设备point of view(opinion) 观点、意见prequalification 资格预审procurement 采购profit 利润progress control 进度控制project manager 项目经理quality control 质量控制request(application) 申请、请求review 审查risk 风险river closure 截流river diversion 导流safety 安全signature 签名site 工地、现场site engineer 现场工程师specification 规格、规范staff 职员Subcontractor 分包商submission 提交supervise 监督、监视Supplier 供货商the International Chamber of Commerce国际商会unit price 单价variation(change) 变更World Bank 世界银行二、工程施工类（一）工程施工-土建类◆开挖与支护（Excavation and Support)明挖（Open Excavation )bench excavation 台阶开挖concrete excavation 砼开挖fault excavation 断层开挖foundation excavation 基础开挖local excavation 局部开挖mass(bulk) excavation 大面积开挖protective layer excavation 保护层开挖rock excavation 岩石开挖slope excavation 边坡开挖soft ground excavation 软基开挖soil excavation 土方开挖structural excavation 结构开挖tooth excavation 齿槽开挖unclassified material excavation 不分类料开挖coefficient of nonuniformity 开挖不均匀系数cutoff trench 截水槽dewatering(drainage) 排水excavation pit 开挖基坑intensity of excavation 开挖强度overexcavate ( overbreak ) 超挖pump sump 水泵坑Underexcavate ( underbreak ) 欠挖underbreak treatment 欠挖处理洞挖及地下开挖（Tunnel and Underground Excavation)a round of excavation 一个开挖循环adit 支洞advance 进尺advances depth 进尺深度breaking hole 崩落孔cushion hole 缓冲孔drift 掏槽bottom drift 底部掏槽center drift 中心掏槽side drift 边部掏槽top drift 顶部掏槽drilling 钻孔driving(progress) rate 进尺率easer 掏槽孔erecting supports for the roof and side wall 对顶拱及边墙进行支护full face excavation 全断面开挖heading and bench excavation 导流与台阶开挖loading and hauling muck(mucking ) 装拉渣loading (charging) 装药perimeter hole 周边孔pilot tunnel 导洞removing dust 除尘removing ground water 清除地面积水shooting the explosive (blasting) 放炮top heading excavation 上导洞开挖ventilation 通风钻孔爆破(Drilling and Blasting) abandoned hole 废孔average hole depth 平均孔深average quantity used in unitvolume blasted 平均单耗blasting result 爆破结果blockness 块度controlled perimeter blasting 周边控制爆破data of explosive filled 装药参数data of holes drilled 钻孔参数delayed blasting 延时爆破exploratory hole 探孔explosive quantity 药量explosive quantity in a sound 单响药量handling misfire 处理哑炮light charge 少量装药loosening blasting 松动爆破pattern 布孔方式distance between holes 孔距distance between rows 排距post shearing blasting 微差爆破prespliting blasting 预裂爆破quantity of holes 孔数smooth blasting 光面爆破延时支护(rock support)expansion shell rock bolt 胀壳式张拉锚杆feature rock anchor 随机锚索feature rock bolt 随机张拉锚杆feature rock dowel 随机砂浆锚杆feature rock reinforcement 随机加固lattice girder 钢桁架、格构大梁pattern cement grouted rockdowel 系统水泥浆锚杆pattern resin grouted rock dowel系统树脂浆锚杆pattern rock dowel 系统砂浆锚杆pattern rock reinforcement 系统加固permanent rock support 永久支护post-tensioned cement grouted tendon rock anchor 后张拉水泥浆锚索rebound material 回弹料return rock bolt 回头张拉锚杆return rock reinforcement 回头加固shotcrete anchorage 喷锚shotcrete with wire mesh 挂网喷砼steel fabric shotcrete 钢纤维喷砼steel rib 钢拱架temporary rock support 临时支护tensioned resin grouted rock bolt 树脂张拉锚杆◆土石料的填筑及碾压施工工序（Working Sequence)backfill 回填blend 混合compact 碾压controlled sprinkling 控制洒水cut the slope 削坡dump 卸料exploit 开采level 整平load 装料moisture condition 水分调节place and spread 摊铺remove 清除replace 重新回填retreat (do the work again) 返工scarify 翻松、刨毛screen and wash 筛分和冲洗take a sample 取样test 测试transport 运输treat 处理trim 修整缺陷（Defects）calcium particles 姜石contaminated material 受污染料declination of the boundary 料界偏差dry 干燥lack of compaction 漏压lump sump 结块muddy 泥泞oversize material 超粒径材料pocket 囊穴seepage 渗流separation 分离shear area 剪力区lens 透镜体其它（Others)bonding surface 结合面byproduct 副产品controlling parameter 控制参数fill placement record 填筑记录frog area 蛙夯区required embankment 必要填方subzone 分区◆混凝土（Concrete ）air-entrained concrete(aerated concrete) 加气砼asphalt concrete 沥青砼blinding concrete 垫层砼cast-in situ(site/place)concrete 现浇砼plastic concrete 塑料砼fibrous concrete 纤维砼first stage concrete 一期砼foamed concrete 泡沫砼high-performance concrete 高性能砼high-strength concrete 高强砼intrusion concrete 压浆砼lean concrete (poor concrete) 贫砼lightweight aggregate concrete 轻骨料砼mass concrete 大体积砼non-fines concrete 无砂砼non-plastic concrete 干硬性砼non-shrinkage concrete 无收缩砼normal concrete 常态砼plain concrete 素砼porous concrete 多孔砼prestressed concrete 预应力砼pump concrete 泵送砼reinforced concrete 钢筋砼roller compacted concrete( rollcrete) 碾压砼second stage concrete 二期砼作业（Activity）clearance(clearing) 清理concretepouring(placement/casting) 砼浇筑curing 养护Membrance curing 薄膜养护moist curing 湿润养护normal curing 标准养护steam curing 蒸汽养护repairing 修理Scabbling (chiping/roughening) 凿毛greencutting 冲毛surface finishing 收面vibrating 振捣缺陷（Defects）bug hole(pitted surface) 麻面cavity 狗洞cold joint 冷缝crack 裂缝deformation 变形depression 坑洼fire-damaged concrete 火损砼formwork shifting(moving) 跑模grout leakage 漏浆（挂帘）honeycomb 蜂窝incomplete vibration 不完全振捣、漏振irregularity 不规则segregation(bleeding) 离析stair(staggered joint) 错台tie rod hole 拉杆孔water leakage 漏水water seepage 渗水外加剂（Admixture）accelerator 速凝剂air-entraining agent 引气剂bloating(bulking /expansion) agent 膨胀剂coring admixture 着色剂early-strength admixture 早强剂gas-forming admixture 发气剂（起泡剂）fluidizer 塑化剂retarding agent 缓凝剂set-controlling admixture 调凝剂super-plasticizer 增塑剂、高效减水剂surface-active agent 表面活性剂water-reducing agent 减水剂accelerating water reducer 速凝型减水剂retarding water reducer 缓凝型减水剂waterproof agent 防水剂指标（Indexes）compressive strength 抗压强度compressive stress 压应力concrete class 砼等级final strength 终凝强度graduation 级配graduation curve 级配曲线impermeability 抗渗性initial setting strength 初凝强度mix design 配比设计resistance to freezing and thawing 抗冻融性shear strength 抗剪强度slump 坍落度specific weight/gravity 比重stability against sliding 抗滑稳定性strain 应变surface finish 表面平整度tensile strength 抗拉强度tensile stress 拉应力thermal stress 温度应力water-cement ratio 水灰比working stress 工作应力其他（Others）acceptance 验收age 龄期aggregate 骨料fine aggregate 细骨料coarse aggregate 粗骨料air pocket 气囊airtightness 气密性alternative 替代物、替换方法apply 应用、施加bending moment 弯矩block 仓号binding strength 黏结强度calibration 标定cement anchor 锚固卷concrete plug 砼塞concrete precast element 砼预制件concrete release sheet 发料单construction joint 施工缝contamination /pollution 污染conversion(reconstruction) 改建coverage 覆盖范围curing agent 养护剂delivery sheet 运料单direct discharge 直接入仓elevation 高程、正视图epoxy mortar application 还氧砂浆抹面existing 现有（存）的expansion joint 伸缩缝facilitate 使容易（便利）gabion 纤丝笼humidity 湿度identity 识别、标记ingredient 成分、配料inspection 检查、验收preliminary inspection 初验final inspection 终验appearance inspection 外观检查intact 完整的、未被触动的inter-tower joint 塔间缝introduce into 将……穿入isolate 隔离laitance 浮浆皮layer(lift)height 层高meet design requirement 满足设计要求moment of inertia 惯性距Pocket (box out/preset hole) 预留孔post-cooling 后冷却post tensioning 后张拉pre-cooling 预冷却pre-stressing 预应力pre-tensioning 先张拉pull-off test 扒拉试验reinforcement cover 钢筋保护层remark 备注section area 截面面积shearkey 抗剪键key groove 键槽shotcrete dry-mix process 干喷砼生产shotcrete wet-mix process 湿喷砼生产simplify 简化simultaneously 同时地spacer 水泥垫块spacing 间距stress concentration 应力集中symmetry 对称technical data 技术参数temperature control 温度控制temperature difference 温差temperature rise(gain) 温度升高theoretical elongation 理论延长量unloading 卸载water stop 止水PVC water stop PVC止水rubber water stop 橡皮止水copper water stop 铜止水watertightness 闭水性winter protection 冬季保温◆模板（Formwok/Shutteringform) erecting(setting up/fixing) formwork 立模Stripping (removing/dismantling) formwork 拆模bond breaker 脱模剂climbing cone 爬升锥dam bracket 大坝支架distance piece 横支撑double-curvature formwork 双曲模板flat formwork 平面模板formwork oil 模板油pigtail anchor 猪尾筋retractable formwork 进退式模板shearkey box 键槽盒sliding formwork 滑模steel form carrier 钢模台车steel formwork 钢模steel waling 钢围令、钢支撑stopend 堵头、封堵模板temporary formwork 临时模板tie rod(form tie) 拉杆tiltable formwork 倾斜式模板vault and invert formwork 顶拱及底拱模板wood formwork 木模◆钢筋（Reinforcement Rebar）distribution bar 分布筋dowel 插筋horizontal bar 水平筋lap length 搭接长度main stress bar 主应力筋overlap 搭接shear bar 剪力筋splice welding 绑条焊接starter bar 起始筋、苗子锦stirrup 箍筋support bar 架立筋vertical bar 竖直筋◆灌浆（Grouting）backfill grouting 回填灌浆consolidation grouting 固结灌浆contact grouting 接触灌浆curtain grouting 帷幕灌浆gap grouting 接缝灌浆gravity grouting 自重灌浆jet grouting 旋喷灌浆multi-stage grouting 多次灌浆pressure grouting 压力灌浆ring grouting 环行灌浆single-stage grouting 一次灌浆工艺过程（Activity）air test 通风试验backfilling of hole 封孔flushing test 通水试验joint washing 洗缝seal 密封soak 浸泡water pressure test 压水试验管路及组件（Circuit and Elements）air supply 风包arising pipe 升降管circuit 回路clamp 卡子cock 旋塞coil 蛇形管cylinder 缸套double nipple 对丝连接套expansion coupling 伸缩节female-quick coupling 内丝快接头fixed clamp 死卡flow rate meter 测量计galvanized elbow 镀锌弯头grout cap 灌浆帽grout cell 出浆盒grout stop plate 止浆片grout valve 灌浆阀inlet pipe 进浆管large radius elbow 大弧弯头main pipe 总管male-quick coupling 外丝快接头outlet pipe 出浆管packer 灌浆塞piston 活塞plug 堵头reducer socket 变径管套return pipe 回浆管tee piece 三通管reduce tee piece 变径三通管swivel-clamp 转卡U-bend U弯头union 活接头ventilation pipe 排气管water supply 水包参数及指标（Parameter and Indexes）consistency 稠度fineness 细度grout take 吃浆量high take 吃浆量大grouting pressure 灌浆压力leakage rate 漏水率Lugeon 吕容mix proportion 浆比pumping rate 泵浆率refusal criteria 排浆标准refusal time 抽浆时间water aborptin 吸水率仪器设备（Plant and Instrument）agitator 搅拌站automatic recorder 自动记录仪chiller plant(cooling plant) 制冷站displancement point 位移点electronic grout flow meter 电子流量计extensometer 变位计flow transmitter 流量传感器foundation displacementindicator 基础位移指示器grout pump 灌浆泵hydrometer 比重计joint meter 测缝计mixing plant 制浆站monitor 监测器osmometer 渗压计pendulum 钟摆portable instrument 便携式仪器pressure gauge 压力表pressure sensor 压力传感器reinforcement meter 钢筋计steel basin 搅拌槽strain meter 应变计temperature sensor 温度传感器terminal station 集线站其他（Others）check hole 检查孔compartment 灌区dense mix 浓浆foundation uplift 基础隆起grout hole 灌浆孔instrument hole 仪器孔primary/secondary and tertiary grout holes 一序、二序、三序灌浆孔spilt spacing 加密灌浆孔距waste mix 弃浆◆测量（Survey）测量方法及术语（Methods and Terms）adjust 校正、调整adjustment 平差allowance 容许误差backsight point 后视点basic point 基础点bench mark 水准点compass 罗盘chainage(station number) 桩号chain of triangulation 三角锁check 校核、对照control point 控制点coordinate point 坐标点datum 基础面datum point 基准点deviation 偏差easily identifiable point 容易识别点error 误差first order triangulation 一等三角测量geodetic 大地测量学的geodetic surveying 大地测量joint survey 联合测量known point 已知点level surface 水准面local triangulation networks 局部三角网national coordination system 国家坐标网observe 观测、监视point to be located 待定点position 定位、位置reconnaissance 选点、踏勘reference point 参考点second order triangulation 二等三角测量set out 放线、放样stake-line 测桩线state plane coordinate system 国家平面坐标系survey point 测点theoretical point 理论点traverse(polygon) 导线（测量）、横断error of traverse 导线闭合差lattice traverse 网格状导线long side traverse 长导线open traverse 非闭合导线short side traverse 短导线traverse closure 导线闭合traverse station 导线点traverse survey 导线测量triangulation 三角测量triangulation network 三角网triangulation of high order 高等级三角网triangulation point 三角点trilateration 三边测量vertical-control net 高程控制网wood pile 木桩角度测量（Angular Measure）azimuth 方位角bearing 方位、象限角buddle 气泡、水准器circle 度盘、圆盘circular bubble 圆水准器collimation axis 视准轴cross-line(cross-hair) 十字丝depression angle 俯角elevation angle 仰角eyepiece(ocular) 目镜field pole(staff) 标杆foot-screw 脚螺栓horizontal angle 水平角mark 标志（明）objective lens 物镜plumb(plummet) 铅垂、垂线sight 瞄准、观测target 目标、瞄准theodolite 经纬仪tranverse axis 横轴tripod 三脚架vertical angle 竖直角vertical axis 竖轴望远镜（Telescope）centering 对中face left 盘左face right 盘右focus 集中、焦点focusing 调焦index error 指标误差inverted position of telescope(reverse telescope)倒镜、盘右normal position of telescope(direct telescope)正镜、盘右optical plummet 光学垂准器round 测回set 套、组station 测站距离测量（Distance Measure）barometer 气压计base line(basic line/datum line) 基线battery 电池EDM(electromagnetic distance measurement) 电磁波测距filter 滤光片、滤波器laser alignment system 激光准直系统laser beam 激光束prism 棱镜range 测程、距离long range 远程medium range 中程short range 短程range finder 测距仪signal 信号spring balance 弹簧称tape 卷尺invar tape 铟瓦钢卷尺高程测量（Height Measurement）altitude/elevation 高程、海拔approximate leveling 近似置平、粗平automatic level 自动定平水准仪difference in altitude(difference ofelevation ,height difference) 高差error of closure in leveling 水准闭合差exact leveling 精平、确置平level 水准仪（测点）level circuit 水准闭合环level shoe 水准尺垫line of level 水准线路national geodetic vertical datum 国家大地高程基准面reduced level 归化高差run back 返测run out 往测three-wire leveling 三丝法水准测量地形测量（Topographic Survey）boundary 边界、界线construction stake 施工标桩contour 等高线contour interval 等高距contouring 绘等高线contour-length method 等高线延长法contour line 等高线control network 控制网detail 细部、详图draw 绘图field 外业fix 固定、确定form line 地形图grid 格网information 注记、资料、情报marginal information 轮廓注记large-scale 大比例尺的latitude 纬度、范围latitude circle 纬圈latitude line 纬线legend 图例location 定线、定位longitude 经度longitude line 经线map 地图、制图mapping 制图、测图、地质素描match line 拼接线monument 标石、石柱object 地物、目标plan 平面图、略图plot 绘图profile 断面（图）、纵剖图record 记录、资料setup 定置仪器site location 定位stake out 放样、定线、立桩symbol 符号、记号topographic detail 地形细部topographic map 地形图◆原形观测观测仪器和设施{Instrumentation and Facilities）air-entraining meter 掺气剂Carlson-type piezometer 卡尔逊式渗压计concrete strain meter 砼应变计convergent point 收敛测点direct plumb line 正垂线earth pressure cell 土压力盒embankment piezometer 坝体渗压计embankment strain meter 堤应变计extended wire 引张线foundation piezometer 基础渗压计horizontal inclinometer 水平测斜仪hydraulic instrument 水力学仪器hydrophone 水听器inclinometer casing 测斜管interface joint meter 界面变位计inverted plumb line 倒垂线micro piezometer 微压计multiple position extensometer 多点位移计observation point 观测标点observation well 观测井optical alignment line 视准线plate strain meter 钢板计pneumatic piezometer 气压式渗压计pressure fluctuation meter 脉动压力计prestressed tendon anchorage dynamometer 预应力锚索测力计rock bolt extensometer 锚杆测力计single point extensometer 单点位移计spiral sensor 测扭仪standpipe 测压管strong-motion seismogragh 强震仪surface monument 表面标点temperature sensor 温度传感器terminal house 终端房terminal station 终端站tilt meter 倾角计time average pressure cell 时均压力计total pressure cell 总压力盒velometer 流速计vertical inclinometer 垂直测斜仪vibrating wire piezometer 震旋式渗压计vibrating wire settlement sensor 振旋式沉降仪weir with micro piezometer 带微压计的量水堰working base point 工作基点zero stress-strain meter 砼无应力计附件及配件（Acessories and Spare Parts）coil 盘绕component 零部件coordinator 坐标仪damping box 阻尼角differential resistance 差动电阻double layer rubber sleeve 双层保护forced centering plate 强制对中盘instrument lead 仪器电缆invar wire 铟瓦丝metal ring 金属环plumb coordinate meter 垂线坐标仪pulley 滑轮regulator 调节器riser 立管sensor 传感器spool 绕轴steel socket 钢底座tablet 药片tensioning weight 张拉重锤thermistor 热敏电阻tip 测头安装过程（Procession of Installation）assemble 组装couple 连接embed 埋设install 安装insulate 绝缘maintenance 维护monitor 监测protection of instrumentation 仪器保护reduce 归纳seal 密封splice 拼接supply 提供test 测试资料（Information）assemble schematic 装配简图certificate 合格证书description 使用说明书maintenace guideline 维护指南manual 说明书operating principle 工作原理operating restraint 操作范围procedure 程序trouble shooting procedure 鼓掌分析程序其他（Others）annular space 环行空间data acquisition 数据采集data recording 数据记录leas drilling hole 引线孔permanent record 永久记录readout device 读数设备saturated 饱和的seepage isolation dike 截渗堤trapezoidal 梯形◆水工常规试验砼原材料试验（Test of Raw and Processed Material of Concrete）骨料（Aggregate）abrasion volume by Los Angeles rattler洛杉机磨耗量accumulated retained percentage 累计筛余百分率acicular and flaky grain in aggregate 针状与片状颗粒含量alkali-aggregate reaction 碱骨料反应apparent density 视密度bulk density (unity weight) 容重clay lumps and friable particles in aggregate 黏土块及易碎颗粒含量coefficient of softening 软化系数crush index 压碎指标dry state 干燥状态exceeding and inferior grain inaggregate 超逊径颗粒含量fineness modulus 细度模数gaping place rate 空隙率grader retained percentage 分计筛余百分率grain composition 颗粒级配grain size 粒径lightweight matter in aggregate 轻物质含量mica content 云母含量moisture content(water rate) 含水率mud content 含泥量organic content 有机质含量potential reactivity of aggregate 骨料潜在活性saturation 饱和的sieving curve 筛分曲线soft grain in aggregate 软弱骨料含量soundness 坚固性surface moisture content 表面含水率water-soluble sulphide 水溶性硫化物水硬性胶凝材料(Hydraulicity cementitious material)age 龄期cement mark(strength of cement /cement grade) 水泥标号consumptive use of water normal consistance 标准稠度用水量degree of mobilization 流动性dissolution heat ( solution heat ) 溶解热final set 终凝flexural strength 抗弯强度flyash 粉煤灰hydration heat 水化热initial set 初凝loss on ignition(ignition loss) 烧矢量setting time 凝结时间silica fume 硅粉soundness 水泥的安定性specific surface area 比表面积specific heat 比热water demand ratio 吸水量比外加剂（Admixture）bubble stability 泡沫稳定性bubbling ability 起泡能力chloride content 氯化物含量compressive strength rate 抗压强度比contract with dry rate 干缩率dispersing coefficient 分散系数dispersing ability of water-reducing agent 减水剂分散能力loss of slump 塌落度损失sulphate content 硫酸盐含量solid content 固体含量surface tension 表面张力water-reducing rate 减水率水（Water）alkalinity 碱度calcion 钙离子carbonic acid 钙酸chlorion 氯离子equivalent concentration 当量浓度oxygen consumption 耗氧量normal solution (standardsolution) 标准溶液PH value PH值water analysis 水值分析砼（Concrete）砼拌和物（Mixture）assurance strength of concrete 砼保证强度bleeding rate 泌水率cement-sand ration 灰砂比design strength of concrete 砼设计标号flowability of concrete 砼的流动性mix proportion (proportion of mixture) 砼配合比mixture uniformity 拌和物的均匀性penetration-obstruction method 贯入阻力法probability of ensuring strength of concrete 砼强度保证率sand rate 砂率unit consumption of water 单位用水量water retention (water retentiveness) 保水性water-cement ratio 水灰比硬化砼（Hardened concrete）axial tensile strength 轴向抗拉强度coefficient of thermal conductivity 导热系数cooling rate 冷却率core of concrete 砼芯样creep deformation (time deformation ) 徐变变形form coefficient(form factor) 形状系数freezing -melting circulation 冻融循环frost-resistance mark 抗冻标号heat property of concrete 砼热学性能height-diameter ration 高径比linear expansion coefficient 线膨胀系数loss of weight 重量损失natural frequency 自振频率permeate 渗透permeated height 渗透高度permeated-resisting mark 抗渗标号relative coefficient of permeability 相对渗透系数resonance frequency 共振频率sample 试件self-grown volume deformation（砼）自生体积变形splitting tensile strength 劈裂抗拉强度static compressive modulus of elasticity 静力抗压弹数temperature conductivity 导温系数tensile modulus of elasticity 抗拉弹性模量thermal insulation warming 绝热温升ultimate tensile strain 极限拉应变ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度wear rate 磨损率wear-resisting strength 抗冲磨强度砂浆（Cement）cement lime mortar 水泥石灰砂浆cement mortar 水泥砂浆cement-clay mortar 水泥黏土砂浆epoxy mortar 环氧砂浆lime mortar 石灰砂浆plastering mortar 抹面砂浆pointing joint mortar 勾缝砂浆土（Soil）accumulation curve (cumulative curve) 累计曲线activity index 活性指标angle of friction 摩擦角Atterberg limits(water content as limit) 阿太堡界限（界限含水量）California bearing ratio 载重比coarse-grained soil 粗粒土coefficient of compressibility 压缩系数coefficient of cubicalcompressibility 体积压缩系数coefficient of curvature 曲率系数compression 压缩compression index 压缩指数compression modulus 压缩模数consolidated-undrained (quick) shear test 固结不排水剪（固结快剪）试验consolidated-drained (slow) shear test 固结不排水剪（慢剪）试验consolidation 固结consolidation coefficient 固结系数consolidation settlement 固结沉降consolidation stress 固结应力continuous grading/gradation 连接级配contraction test(shrinkage test) 收缩试验core cutter method 环刀法creep curve 蠕变曲线critical slope 逸出坡降（临界坡降）Darcy's law 达西定律degree of consolidation 固结度degree of free swelling 自由膨胀率direct shear test 直接剪切试验direct shear test of reiteration 反复直剪强度试验distribution curve 分布曲线drift soil (shifting soil/mass flow) 流土effective angle of inner friction 有效内摩擦角effective strength envelope 有效强度包线expansion force 膨胀力expansion ration(specific expansion) 膨胀率filtering flow(seepage flow) 渗流fine-grained soil 细粒土flow net(drift net) 流网hydraulic slope 水力坡降hydrometer method 比重计法hydrostatic head method 常水头法limit equilibrium state 极限平衡状态liquefaction 液化liquid limit 液限liquidity index 液化指标maximum dry density 最大干密度method of sieving 筛分法Mohr's stress circle 莫力应力圆Mohr-coulomb failure criteria 莫尔-库伦破坏准则normal stress 法向应力（正应力）oedometer curve 压缩曲线optimum moisture content 最优含水量piping 管涌plastic limit 塑限plasticity index 塑性指标pore water pressure 空隙水压力porosity 空隙率principal stress 主应力Proctor compaction test 普氏击实试验relative density 相对密度sand replacement method 灌砂法saturability (saturation degree/percent saturation) 饱和度saturated unit weight 饱和容重seepage deformation 渗透变形seepage force(seepage pressure) 渗透力seepage line 渗透线seepage speed 渗透速度shear stress 切向应力（剪应力）shrinkage limit 缩限skip(gap/jump) grading 间断级配specific gravity of soil particle 土粒比重steady seepage field 稳定渗流场stress path 应力路径total strength envelope 总强度包线triaxial compression test 三轴压缩试验unconfined compression strength 无侧限抗压强度unconsolidated undrained test 不固结不排水剪（快剪）试验variable head method 变水头法void(pore) ratio 孔隙比water replacement method 灌水法wet density 湿密度其它建筑材料钢筋（steel ）bending and unbending 反复弯曲cold bending test 冷弯试验elongation test 拉伸试验nominal diameter 公称直径ratio of elongation 伸长率relaxation test 松弛试验steel strand 钢绞线tensile yield strength 拉伸屈服强度ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度木材（Wood）curshing strength paralled to the grain 顺纹抗压强度tensile strength paralled to thegrain 顺纹抗拉强度crushing strength across th egrain 横纹抗压强度tensile strength across to thegrain 横纹抗拉强度沥青（Asphalt）brittle temperature test 脆化点试验expansion test 延伸度试验penetration test 针入式试验softening point test 软化点试验test of aging 老化试验viscosity test 粘滞性试验质量管理（Quality Management）average 平均值deviation standard(error of mean squares) 均方差deviation coefficient(dispersion coefficient) 离差系数index of correlation 相关系数management limit 管理界限mathematic statistics 数理统计maximum 最大值minimum 最小值normal distribution 正态分布quality assurance 质量保证quality examination 质量检测regression curve 回归曲线relative dampness 相对湿度sample capacity 样本容量sampling frequency 取样频率specimen 样品statistical analysis 统计分析technical specification 技术规范technical standard 技术标准testing circumstance 试验环境testing error 试验误差testing regulation 试验规程variance analysis 方差分析◆地质(Geology)地质年代（Geochronology of Geologic Ages）Archaeozoic era (erathem) 太古代（界）Proterozoic era (erathem) 元古代（界）Palaeozoic era (erathem) 古生代（界）Mesozoic era (erathem) 中生代（界）Cenozoic era (erathem) 新生代（界）Sinian period (system) 震旦纪（系）Cambrian period (system) 寒武纪（系）Ordovician period (system) 奥陶纪（系）Silurian period (system) 志留纪（系）Devonian period (system) 泥盘纪（系）Carboniferous period (system) 石碳纪（系）Permian period (system) 二叠纪（系）Triassic period (system) 三叠纪（系）Jurassic period (system) 侏罗纪（系）Cretaceous period (system) 白垩纪（系）Tertiary period (system) 第三纪（系）Quaternary period (system) 第四纪（系）地质构造（Geologic Structural）fault 断层normal fault 正断层reversed fault 逆断层parallel fault 平移断层gouge 断层泥stria 擦痕joint 节理primary joint 原生节理secondary joint 次生节理tension joint 张节理unloading joint 卸荷节理schistosity 片理bedding 层理foliation 板理（叶理）ripple mark 波痕mud crack 泥痕rain print 雨痕orientation of bedrock 岩层产状strike 走向dip 倾向angle of dip (dip angle ) 倾角fold 褶皱anticline 背斜syncline 向斜Monocline (homocline) 单斜dome 穹隆soft stratum 软弱岩层zone of fracture(broken zone ) 破碎带affected zone 影响带platy structure 板状构造cleavage 解理fracture(rupture) 断裂fissure(crack/fracture) 裂隙岩石类型（Rock type）petrology 岩石学igneous rock 火成岩magmatic rock 岩浆岩lava(vocanic rock) 火山岩intrusive (invade) rock 侵入岩effusive rock 深成岩pypabussal rock 浅成岩acid rock 酸性岩inter-mediate rock 中性岩basic rock 基性岩ultrabasic rock 超基性岩granite 花岗岩porphyry 斑岩rhyolite 玢岩syenite 流纹岩trachyte 粗面岩diorite 闪长岩andesite 安山岩gabbro 辉长岩basalt 玄武岩aplite 细晶岩pegmatite 伟晶岩lamprophyre 煌斑岩diabase 辉绿岩dunite 橄榄岩pumice 浮岩sedimentary rock 沉积岩clastic rock 碎屑岩。

中文English暗钉圈concealed nail washer 背衬材料backing material衬初内注浆lining grouting衬砌后围岩注浆surrounding ground gr 衬砌前围岩注浆surrounding ground gr 地下水工程防水技术规范Technical code for wa 复合管片composite segment高压喷射注浆法high-pressurized jet 回填注浆back-fill grouting加强带strengthening band聚合物水泥防水涂料polymer cement water 可操作时间operational time螺孔密封圈bolt hole sealing was 密封垫gasket密封垫沟槽gasket groove凝胶时间gel time塑料防水板防水层water-proofing course 涂膜抗渗性impermeability of fil 涂膜耐水性water resistance of f 无钉铺设non-nails layouts诱导缝inducing joint预注浆pre-grouting遇水膨胀止水条water swelling strip 自流平水泥artesian cementSpecifications for De 公路钢筋混凝土及预应力混反滤层filter layer反滤织物filter fabric公路排水设计规范Specifications of dra 沟管内汇流历时time of flow in ditch 汇流历时time of concentration 降雨历时转换系数converting factor of 径流系数coefficient of runoff 拦水带dike路界表面排水roadway surface drain 路面内部排水pavement subsurface d 路面排水pavement surface drai 排水系统drainage system坡面汇流历时time of flow on slope 设计降雨重现期design recurrence int 设计径流量design peak rate of r 渗沟underdrains中央分隔带排水median drainage重现期转换系数converting factor of PHP泥浆PHP mud部件component超声波探伤supersonic sounding沉降缝settlement joint沉井基础open caisson foundati 沉入桩penetrated pile初拉力initial tension大体积混凝土major volume concrete 大直径桩large diameter pileexpansion equipment(j 弹塑体材料填充式伸缩装置导墙guide wall地基subsoil地下连续墙underground continuou 吊索suspender顶进法jack-in method顶推法incremental launching 分层分段浇筑concreting layer by l 分环多工作面均衡浇筑法balanced concreting l 分环分段浇筑concreting layer by l 风缆系统cable-stayed stabilitexpansion equipment (复合改性沥青填充式伸缩装钢筋电渣压力焊electroslag pressure 钢筋机械连接rebar mechanical spli 钢筋闪光对焊flash butt welding of 高强度螺栓连接副 a set of high strengt 公路GPS控制测量GPS control survey ofTechnical Specificati 公路桥涵施工设计技术规范构件element挂篮movable suspended sca 贯入度penetration灌注桩cast-in-place concret 焊接网welded fabric后张法post-tensioning metho 滑板sliding plate(PTFE)环境温度ambient temperature 混凝土耐久性durability of concret 挤压套筒接头compressed sleeve cou 加固地基consolidated subsoil 加劲钢箱梁stiffened steel box g 胶接缝glued joint with epox 结构物的表面系数surface factor of str 竣工测量final survey抗滑移系数slip factor控制测量control survey跨河水准测量river-crossing leveli 块石block stone拉索main cable拉索调整力adjustment of cable t 缆索吊装法erection with cablewa 料石dressed stone零件part锚碇anchor模数式伸缩装置module expansion equi 摩擦桩friction pile片石rubble桥涵顶进后背tempory reaction supp 射线探伤X-ray sounding伸缩缝expansion joint施工测量construction survey 施工缝construction joint施工荷载construction load施工猫道catwalk for construct 湿接缝wet joint水泥强度cement strength索鞍cable saddle索夹cable clamp索塔cable bent tower天然地基natural subsoil托架corbel围幕法排水ring curtain wall de-围堰coffer dam先张法pretensioning method 箱梁基准块datum segment of box 斜拉扣挂分环连接浇筑concreting under cont 悬壁浇筑法cast-in-place cantile 悬臂拼装法erection by protrusio 移动支架逐跨施工法span by span method( 膺架falsework预拱度camber预埋件钢筋埋弧压力焊submerged-arc pressur 预拼装test assembling支承桩bearing pile直螺纹套筒接头coupler of linear scr 转体架桥法construction by swing 锥螺纹套筒接头coupler of taper thre 崩塌collapse边坡环境slope environment边坡塌滑区landslipe zone of slo 边坡支护slope retaining等效内摩擦角the equative angle of 动态设计法method of information 工程滑坡landslide due to engi 建筑边坡building slope建筑边坡工程技术规范Technical code for bu 临时性边坡temporary slope锚杆anchor bar锚杆挡墙支护retaining wall with a锚索anchor rope逆作法topdown construction 坡顶重要构筑物important constructio 坡顶重要建筑物important constructio 坡率法slope ratio method软弱结构面weak structural plane 土层锚杆anchored bar in soil 外倾结构面out-dip structural pl 危岩dangerous rock系统锚杆system of anchor bars 信息施工法construction method o 岩石锚杆anchored bar in rock 永久性边坡permanent slope低应变法low strain integrity 高应变法high stain dynamic te 基桩foundation pile建筑基桩检测技术规范Technical code for te 静载试验static loading test 声波透射法crosshole sonic loggi 桩身缺陷pile defects桩身完整性pile integrity钻芯法core drilling method 初期支护initial support点荷载强度指数point-loading strengt 缝管锚杆split set格构锚固Lattice Anchor-hold 格栅钢架reinforcing-bar trus 拱腰haunch衡重式挡土墙Balanceweight Retaini 后期支护final support抗拔力anti-pullforce锚杆挡土墙Anchored WallSpecifications for bo 锚杆喷射混凝土支护技术规锚固力anchoring force喷射混凝土self-drilling bolt喷射混凝土shotcrete润周wetted perimeter水泥裹砂喷射混凝土send enveloped by cem 水胀锚杆swellex bolt隧洞周边位移convergence of tunnel 系统锚杆system bolt一般地区General Area预应力锚杆prestress anchor预应力锚索Prestressed Anchored 重力式抗滑挡土墙Slide-Resistant Gravi 自钻式锚杆self-drilling bolt磁法勘探magnetic prospecting地球物理测井geophysical logging 地球物理勘探geophysical prospecti 地震勘探seismic prospecting 地震速度测井seismic velocity logg 地质雷达geological radar电测井electric logging电法勘探electrical prospectin 电阻率测井resistivity logging 反射法勘探reflection survey放射性测井radioactivity logging 放射性勘探radiometric explorati 工程地球物理勘探engineering geophysic 交流电法 A.C.electrical method 井斜测井drift logging卡法-card method跨孔法cross hold method射气测量emanation survey声波勘探sonic prospecting, ac 剩余磁化强度remanent magnetizatio 铁路工程物理勘探规程Code for geophysical 温度测井temperature logging 折射法勘探refraction survey直流电法 D.C.electrical method 重力勘探gravity prospecting,g 自然电场法natural electric fiel 综合物探方法comprehensive geophys 安全等级safety classes材料性能标准值characteristic value 材料性能设计值design value of mater 承载能力极限状态ultimate limit states 分项系数partial coefficient 几何参数标准值nominal value of geom 抗力resistance可靠性reliability可靠指标reliability index设计基准期design reference peri 失效概率probability of struct 铁路隧道设计规范Code for design on tu 正常使用极限状态serviceability limit 作用action作用标准值characteristic value 作用代表值representative value 作用效应effect of actions作用组合combination of action 铁路特殊路基设计规范Code for design on sp出处地下水工程防水技术规范地下水工程防水技术规范地下水工程防水技术规范地下水工程防水技术规范地下水工程防水技术规范地下水工程防水技术规范地下水工程防水技术规范地下水工程防水技术规范地下水工程防水技术规范地下水工程防水技术规范地下水工程防水技术规范地下水工程防水技术规范地下水工程防水技术规范地下水工程防水技术规范地下水工程防水技术规范地下水工程防水技术规范地下水工程防水技术规范地下水工程防水技术规范地下水工程防水技术规范地下水工程防水技术规范地下水工程防水技术规范地下水工程防水技术规范地下水工程防水技术规范地下水工程防水技术规范公路钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土桥涵设计规范公路排水设计规范公路排水设计规范公路排水设计规范公路排水设计规范公路排水设计规范公路排水设计规范公路排水设计规范公路排水设计规范公路排水设计规范公路排水设计规范公路排水设计规范公路排水设计规范公路排水设计规范公路排水设计规范公路排水设计规范公路排水设计规范公路排水设计规范公路排水设计规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范公路桥涵施工设计技术规范建筑边坡工程技术规范建筑边坡工程技术规范建筑边坡工程技术规范建筑边坡工程技术规范建筑边坡工程技术规范建筑边坡工程技术规范建筑边坡工程技术规范建筑边坡工程技术规范建筑边坡工程技术规范建筑边坡工程技术规范建筑边坡工程技术规范建筑边坡工程技术规范建筑边坡工程技术规范建筑边坡工程技术规范建筑边坡工程技术规范建筑边坡工程技术规范建筑边坡工程技术规范建筑边坡工程技术规范建筑边坡工程技术规范建筑边坡工程技术规范建筑边坡工程技术规范建筑边坡工程技术规范建筑边坡工程技术规范建筑边坡工程技术规范建筑边坡工程技术规范建筑基桩检测技术规范建筑基桩检测技术规范建筑基桩检测技术规范建筑基桩检测技术规范建筑基桩检测技术规范建筑基桩检测技术规范建筑基桩检测技术规范建筑基桩检测技术规范建筑基桩检测技术规范锚杆喷射混凝土支护技术规范锚杆喷射混凝土支护技术规范锚杆喷射混凝土支护技术规范锚杆喷射混凝土支护技术规范锚杆喷射混凝土支护技术规范锚杆喷射混凝土支护技术规范锚杆喷射混凝土支护技术规范锚杆喷射混凝土支护技术规范锚杆喷射混凝土支护技术规范锚杆喷射混凝土支护技术规范锚杆喷射混凝土支护技术规范锚杆喷射混凝土支护技术规范锚杆喷射混凝土支护技术规范锚杆喷射混凝土支护技术规范锚杆喷射混凝土支护技术规范锚杆喷射混凝土支护技术规范锚杆喷射混凝土支护技术规范锚杆喷射混凝土支护技术规范锚杆喷射混凝土支护技术规范锚杆喷射混凝土支护技术规范锚杆喷射混凝土支护技术规范锚杆喷射混凝土支护技术规范锚杆喷射混凝土支护技术规范锚杆喷射混凝土支护技术规范铁路工程物理勘探规程铁路工程物理勘探规程铁路工程物理勘探规程铁路工程物理勘探规程铁路工程物理勘探规程铁路工程物理勘探规程铁路工程物理勘探规程铁路工程物理勘探规程铁路工程物理勘探规程铁路工程物理勘探规程铁路工程物理勘探规程铁路工程物理勘探规程铁路工程物理勘探规程铁路工程物理勘探规程铁路工程物理勘探规程铁路工程物理勘探规程铁路工程物理勘探规程铁路工程物理勘探规程铁路工程物理勘探规程铁路工程物理勘探规程铁路工程物理勘探规程铁路工程物理勘探规程铁路工程物理勘探规程铁路工程物理勘探规程铁路工程物理勘探规程铁路工程物理勘探规程铁路工程物理勘探规程铁路隧道设计规范铁路隧道设计规范铁路隧道设计规范铁路隧道设计规范铁路隧道设计规范铁路隧道设计规范铁路隧道设计规范铁路隧道设计规范铁路隧道设计规范铁路隧道设计规范铁路隧道设计规范铁路隧道设计规范铁路隧道设计规范铁路隧道设计规范铁路隧道设计规范铁路隧道设计规范铁路隧道设计规范铁路隧道设计规范铁路特殊路基设计规范。

水利水电工程专业英语英文词汇strain meter 应变计set out 放线、放样stake-line temperature sensor 温度传感器测桩线state plane coordinate system 国家平面坐标集线站terminal station其他（Others）系survey point 测点check hole 检查孔theoretical point 灌区理论点compartmenttraverse(polygon) 导线（测dense mix 浓浆量）、横断error of traverse 导线闭合差foundation uplift 基础隆起lattice traverse 网格状导线灌浆孔grout holelong side traverse instrument hole 仪器孔长导线open traverse 非闭合primary/secondary and tertiary grout holes 一导线short side traverse 短导线序、二序、三序灌浆孔traverse closure 导线闭合加密灌浆孔距spilt spacingtraverse station 导线点waste mix 弃浆traverse survey 导线测量Survey◆测量（）triangulation 测量方法及术语（Methods and Terms）三角测量triangulation network 三角网调整校正adjust 、triangulation of high order 高等级三角网adjustment 平差triangulation point 容许误差allowance 三角点三边测量backsight point 后视点trilateration程控制网basic point 基础点vertical-control net 高bench mark 水准点木桩wood pile Angular Measure）角度测量（compass 罗盘azimuth 方位角chainage(station number) 桩号象限角bearing 方位三角锁chain of triangulation 、器、水准buddle 、check 校核对照气泡圆盘circle 度盘、控制control point 点器圆水坐标点coordinate point 准circular bubbledatum 基础面轴视准collimation axis点基datum point 准十字丝cross-line(cross-hair)偏差depression angle 俯角deviationeasily identifiable point elevation angle 仰角点容易识别eyepiece(ocular) error 误差目镜量field pole(staff) 标杆一等三角测first order triangulationgeodetic foot-screw 学的大地测量脚螺栓量geodetic surveying 大地测水平角horizontal angle量合联测）mark 标志（明joint survey已知点known point 物镜objective lens面水level surface 准垂线铅垂、plumb(plummet)局local triangulation networks 准、观测sight 瞄部三角网准瞄target 国national coordination system 家坐标网目标、监视观测observe 、纬仪theodolite 经point to be located 待定点横轴tranverse axistripod 三脚架置位、定位position踏勘、选点reconnaissance 竖直角vertical angle参考点reference point vertical axis 竖轴量二等三角测second order triangulation Telescope望远镜（）1centering 对中reduced level 归化高差run back 返测盘左face leftrun out 往测face right 盘右three-wire leveling 三丝法水准focus 集中、焦点测量地形测量（T opographic Survey focusing 调焦）boundary 边界、界线index error 指标误差inverted position of telescope(reverse construction stake 施工标桩contour 等高线盘右telescope)倒镜、normal position of telescope(direct telescope)contour interval 等高距contouring 绘等高线、正镜盘右contour-length method 光学垂准器等高线延长法optical plummetcontour line 等高线round 测回control network 控制网set 套、组detail 细部、详图station 测站draw 绘图距离测量（Distance Measure）field 外业气barometer 压计fix 固定、确定base line(basic line/datum line) 基线form line 地形图电battery 池EDM(electromagnetic distance measurement) grid 格网information 注记、资料、情报电磁波测距marginal information 轮廓注记滤波器滤光片filter 、large-scale 大比例尺的laser alignment system 激光准直系统latitude 纬度、范围laser beam 激光束latitude circle 纬圈prism 棱镜latitude line range 纬线距离测程、legend 图例long range 远程location 定线、程medium range 中定位longitude 经short range 短程度longitude line 测距仪经线range findermap signal 地图、制图信号mapping 制图、测spring balance 弹簧称图、地质素描match line 拼接线卷尺tapemonument 标石invar tape 铟瓦钢卷尺、石柱object 高程测量（Height Measurement地物、目标）plan 程、高海拔平面图、略图altitude/elevationplot 近似approximate leveling 置绘图粗平平、profile 断面（图）、纵剖图准自动定平水automatic level 仪difference in altitude(difference of record 记录、资料setup 定置elevation ,height difference) 高差仪器site location error of closure in leveling 差合闭准定位水stakeout 放样、定线平置、精平exact leveling 确、立桩symbol 仪（测点）准水level 符号、记号topographic detail 水level circuit 地形细部环合准闭topographic map 地形图尺垫准水level shoe◆原形观测观测仪器和设施线路准水line of level {Instrumentationand Facilities）国national geodetic vertical datum 家大地高air-entraining meter 面准基程掺气剂2Carlson-type piezometer 卡尔逊式渗压计component 零部件coordinator 坐标仪concrete strain meter 砼应变计damping box 阻尼角convergent point 收敛测点differential resistance direct plumb line 正垂线差动电阻double layer rubber sleeve earth pressure cell 土压力盒双层保护forced centering plate 强制embankment piezometer 坝体渗压计对中盘instrument lead 仪器电堤应变计缆embankment strain meter invar wire 铟瓦丝extended wire 引张线metal ring 计金属环foundation piezometer 基础渗压plumb coordinate meter horizontal inclinometer 水平测斜仪垂线坐标仪pulley 滑轮hydraulic instrument 水力学仪器regulator 调节器水听器hydrophoneriser 立管inclinometer casing 测斜管sensor interface joint meter 界面变位传感器计spool inverted plumb line 倒垂线绕轴steel socket 钢micro piezometer 微压计底座tablet 多点位移计药片multiple position extensometertensioning weight 张拉重锤observation point 观测标点thermistor 热敏电observation well 观测井阻tip 测头视optical alignment line 准线安装过程（Procession of Installation）plate strain meter 钢板计assemble 组装pneumatic piezometer 气压式渗压计couple 连接脉动压力pressure fluctuation meter 计prestressed tendon anchorage 埋设embed安装install 索dynamometer 预应力锚测力计绝缘insulate rock bolt extensometer 锚杆测力计维护计single point extensometer 单点位移maintenancespiral sensor 测扭仪监测monitor测压standpipe 管仪器保护protection of instrumentation归纳reduce 强震仪strong-motion seismograghsurface monument 表密封seal 面标点拼接temperature sensor 温度传感器splice提供终端房terminal house supplyterminal station 终端站测试testInformation资料（倾角tilt meter 计）简图计时均压力time average pressure cell assemble schematic 装配合格证书总压力盒total pressure cell certificate书说计velometer 流速使用明descriptionvertical inclinometer 垂直测斜仪维护指南maintenace guideline书震旋式渗压vibrating wire piezometer 计manual 说明振旋式沉降vibrating wire settlement sensor 理工作原operating principle 作仪范围operating restraint 操序procedure 水堰量的带微压weir with micro piezometer 计程程基点工作working base point 序分trouble shooting procedure 鼓掌析zerostress-strain meter 其他（Others）计砼无应力间）Acessories and Spare Parts附件及配件（行annular space 环空coil data acquisition 盘绕数据采集 3cement mark(strength of cement /cement 数据记录datarecordinggrade) 水泥标号leas drilling hole 引线孔consumptive use of water normal consistance 永久记录permanent record 标准稠度用水readout device 读数设备量degree of mobilization 流动性saturated 饱和的dissolution heat ( solution heat ) 溶解热seepage isolation dike 截渗堤final set trapezoidal 梯形终凝flexural strength 抗弯强度◆水工常规试验flyash 粉煤灰砼原材料试验（Test of Raw and Processedhydration heat 水化热Material of Concrete）initial set Aggregate）初凝骨料（abrasion volume by Los Angeles rattler loss on ignition(ignition loss) 烧矢量setting time 凝结时量间洛杉机磨耗silica fume 计accumulated retained percentage 累筛余百硅粉soundness 水泥的安定性分率specific surface area 比表acicular and flaky grain in aggregate 针状与面积specific heat 量片状颗粒含比热water demand ratio 吸水alkali-aggregate reaction 碱骨料反应量比外加剂（Admixture）视密度apparent densitybubble stability 泡沫稳定性bulk density (unity weight) 容重clay lumps and friable particles in aggregate bubbling ability 起泡能力chloride content 氯化物含量块及易碎颗粒含土量黏compressive strength rate 抗压强度比软化系数coefficient of softeningcontract with dry rate crush index 压碎指标干缩率dispersing coefficient 干燥状态dry state 分散系数dispersing ability of waterexceeding and inferior grain in-reducing agent 减水剂aggregate 超逊径颗粒含量分散能力loss of slump 塌落度损失细度模数fineness modulussulphate content 硫酸盐含空隙率量gaping place ratesolid content 分计grader retained percentage 筛余百固体含分率量surface tension 颗粒级grain composition 配表面张力water-reducing rate 减水率粒径grain size水（Water）量lightweight matter in aggregate 轻物质含alkalinity 碱度量云母含mica contentcalcion 含水率钙离子moisture content(water rate)carbonic acid mud content 钙酸含泥量chlorion 有机质含organic content 量氯离子equivalent concentration 骨料潜在活性potential reactivity of aggregate 当量浓度oxygen consumption saturation 饱和的耗氧量normal solution (standard 曲线筛sieving curve 分solution) 量soft grain in aggregate 软弱骨料含标准溶液PH value PH坚固性值soundnesswater analysis 水值面含水率表surface moisture content 分析砼（水溶性硫化物water-soluble sulphide Concrete）砼拌和物（水硬性胶凝材料Mixture(Hydraulicity cementitious ）material) assurance strength of concrete 砼保证强度bleeding rate age 泌水率龄期4cement-sand ration 灰砂比砂浆（Cement）cement lime mortar 标号水泥石灰砂浆design strength of concrete 砼设计cement mortar 水泥砂浆flowability of concrete 砼的流动性cement-clay mortar 水泥黏土mix proportion (proportion ofmixture) 砼配合砂浆epoxy mortar 环氧砂浆比lime mortar 石灰砂浆mixture uniformity 拌和物的均匀性plastering mortar 抹面砂浆penetration-obstruction method 贯入阻力法pointing joint mortar probability of ensuring strength of concrete 砼勾缝砂浆土（Soil强度保证率）accumulation curve (cumulative curve) 累砂率sand rate 计曲线单位用水量unit consumption of wateractivity index 活性指标water retention (water retentiveness) 保水性angle of frictionwater-cement ratio 摩擦角水灰比Atterberg limits(water content as limit) Hardened concrete 阿）硬化砼（太堡界限（界限含水量axial tensile strength 轴向抗拉强度）California bearing ratio 导热系数载重比coefficient of thermal conductivitycoarse-grained soil cooling rate 冷却率粗粒土coefficient of compressibility 压缩系数砼芯样core of concrete coefficient of cubical徐变变creep deformation (time deformation )compressibility 体积压缩系数形coefficient of curvature 曲率系数form coefficient(form factor) 形状系数compression 压缩freezing -melting circulation 冻融循环compression index frost-resistance mark 抗冻标号压缩指数compression modulus 压缩模数砼热学性能heat property of concreteconsolidated-undrained (quick) shear test height-diameter ration 高径比固结不排水剪（固结快剪）试验linear expansion coefficient 线膨胀系数consolidated-drained (slow) shear test loss of weight 重量损失固结不排水剪（慢剪）试验自振频率natural frequency consolidation 固结permeate 渗透consolidation coefficient 透permeated height 渗高度固结系数consolidation settlement 固结沉降permeated-resisting mark 抗渗标号consolidation stress 系固结应力透relative coefficient of permeability 相对渗continuous grading/gradation 连接级配数contraction test(shrinkage test) 收缩试验振频率共resonance frequencycore cutter method sample 试环刀法件creep curve self-grown volume deformation（砼）蠕变曲线自生体积critical slope 变形逸出坡降（临界坡降）Darcy's law 达西定律劈裂抗拉强度splitting tensile strengthdegree of consolidation 固结度static compressive modulus of elasticity 静力degree of free swelling 自由膨胀率抗压弹数direct shear test 导温系数直接剪切试验temperature conductivity direct shear test of reiteration 反复直剪强度试抗拉弹性模tensile modulus of elasticity 量验绝热温升thermal insulation warmingdistribution curve 分极限拉应变ultimate tensile strain 布曲线drift soil (shifting soil/mass flow) 极限抗拉强度ultimate tensile strength 流土effective angle of inner friction 有效内摩擦角磨损率wear rate effective strength envelope 有效强度抗冲磨强度wear-resisting strength 包线5expansion force 膨胀力剪（快剪）试验variable head method 变水头法expansion ration(specificexpansion) 膨胀率void(pore) ratio 孔隙比渗流filtering flow(seepage flow)water replacement method 灌水法fine-grained soil 细粒土wet density 湿密度flow net(drift net) 流网其它建筑材料hydraulic slope 水力坡降钢筋（steel hydrometer method 比重计法）bending and unbending 反常水头法复弯曲hydrostatic head methodcold bending test 冷弯试验limit equilibrium state 极限平衡状态elongation test 拉伸试验liquefaction 液化nominal diameter 公称直径liquid limit 液限ratio of elongation liquidity index 液化指标伸长率relaxation test maximum dry density 最大干密度松弛试验steel strand 钢绞线method of sieving 筛分法tensile yield strength 拉伸屈服强度Mohr's stress circle 莫力应力圆ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度库伦破坏Mohr-coulomb failure criteria 莫尔-Wood）准则木材（curshing strength paralled to the normal stress 法向应力（正应力）oedometer curve 顺纹抗压强度grain 压缩曲线tensile strength paralled to the 量optimum moisture content 最优含水顺纹抗拉强度涌piping 管graincrushing strength across th e plastic limit 塑限横纹抗压强度grain plasticity index 塑性指标tensile strength across to the 空隙水压力pore water pressure空隙率porosity 横纹抗拉强度grainprincipal stress 主）沥青（应力Asphalt脆化点试验Proctor compaction test 普氏击实试验brittle temperature test 相对密度relative density 延伸度试验expansion testsand replacement method 灌砂法针入式试验penetration test saturability (saturation degree/percent 软化点试验softening point testtest of aging saturation) 饱和度老化试验viscosity test 饱和容重saturated unit weight 粘滞性试验Quality Management透seepage deformation 渗变形）质量管理（average 力渗seepage force(seepage pressure) 透平均值deviation standard(error of mean 透渗seepage line 线均方差squares) 速度渗seepage speed 透deviationcoefficient(dispersion shear stress 切向应力（剪应力）离差系数缩限shrinkage limit coefficient)断级间skip(gap/jump) grading 配相关系数index of correlation土specific gravity of soil particle 粒比重界限management limit 管理steady seepage field 统计数稳定渗流场mathematic statistics 理maximum 应力路径stress path 最大值值minimum 最线包总强度total strength envelope 小布三轴压缩试验triaxial compression test 正态分normal distributionunconfined compression strength 保证量quality assurance 无侧限抗压质量强度检测质quality examinationunconsolidated undrained test regression curve 不固结不排水回归曲线 6relative dampness 相对湿度mud crack 泥痕rain print 雨痕本容量sample capacity 样orientation of bedrock 岩层产状sampling frequency 取样频率strike specimen 样品走向dip 倾向统计分析statistical analysisangle of dip (dip angle ) 倾角technical specification 技术规范fold technical standard 褶皱技术标准anticline testing circumstance 试验环境背斜syncline 向斜testing error 试验误差Monocline (homocline) 单斜testing regulation 试验规程dome 穹隆析variance analysis 方差分soft stratum ◆地质(Geology)软弱岩层zone of fracture(broken zone ) 破碎带地质年代（Geochronology of Geologicaffected zone Ages）影响带platy structure 板状构造Archaeozoic era (erathem) 太古代（界）解理cleavage Proterozoic era (erathem) 元古代（界）fracture(rupture) 断裂古生代（界）Palaeozoic era (erathem)fissure(crack/fracture) 裂隙Mesozoic era (erathem) 中生代（界））岩石类型（Rock typeCenozoic era (erathem) 新生代（界）岩石学petrology Sinian period (system) 震旦纪（系）岩igneous rock 火成寒武纪（系）Cambrian period (system)Ordovician period (system) 奥陶纪（系）岩浆岩magmatic rock火山岩lava(vocanic rock) 志留纪（系）Silurian period (system) 侵入岩intrusive (invade) rock Devonian period (system) 泥盘纪（系）成石碳纪（系）Carboniferous period (system) 岩effusive rock 深成岩pypabussal rock 二叠纪（系）Permian period (system) 浅三叠纪（系）acid rock 酸性岩Triassic period (system) 侏罗纪（系）Jurassic period (system) 中性岩inter-mediate rock基性岩basic rock Cretaceous period (system) 白垩纪（系）第Tertiary period (system) 三纪（系）超基性岩ultrabasic rock 第Quaternary period (system) 四纪（系）花岗岩granite斑岩Geologic Structural地质构造（）porphyryrhyolite 玢岩断层faultsyenite normal fault 正断层流纹岩逆断层reversed fault trachyte 粗面岩diorite parallel fault 平移断层闪长岩andesite 安山岩断层泥gouge擦痕stria 辉长岩gabbrojoint 理节玄武岩basaltprimary joint 理原生节细晶岩aplitesecondary joint 理次生节pegmatite 伟晶岩tension joint lamprophyre 煌斑岩理张节diabase 理卸荷节unloading joint 辉绿岩理片schistosity 橄榄岩dunite理层bedding pumice 浮岩）理（叶理板foliation 沉积岩sedimentary rock波痕ripple mark clastic rock 碎屑岩7clay rock 黏土岩quartz 石英topaz 黄玉chemical rock 化学岩corundum 刚玉biolith 生物岩diamand 金刚石砾岩conglomerate。