蒋军虎 2012考研英语核心词汇

蒋军虎MBA阅读三大灵魂词汇和写作模板MBA阅读三大灵魂词汇(必须掌握)下面的三组阅读灵魂词汇，是在MBA阅读中出现的高频词，大家必须认真掌握它...灵魂词汇1 ----- 功能性词汇功能动词表示“分类”：classify, assort , categorize , label* People are usually categorized/classified as s ociable and unsociable.* The man is usually labeled as a new-rich [暴发户]. 人们常把他归于暴发户之列表示“造成”：cause , lead to , result in , bring about ,br ing on , trigger , give rise to#engender：*Sympathy often engenders love.同情常常产生爱情表示“做”：conduct , carry out , implement , commit , be under way ,* 真题07-3 Michael Lynn, has conducted dozens of studies of tipping…* The government promised to implement a newsystem to control financial loan institutions. 政府承诺实施/执行一个新的系统来控制金融贷款机构。

* The project is now well under way. 一个项目正在顺利行进表示“评估”：evaluate, appraise, assess , judge表示“期望”：expect , anticipate, long for , look forward t o , hope , wish表示“拥有”：have, own , possess, hold, be in possess ion of , belong to (属于)表示“掌控”：control, be in charge of , dominate, moni tor , supervise表示“破坏”：damage , ruin , spoil , destroy , devastate , raze , wreck* The accident wrecked his health. 这次意外事故损坏了他的健康。

accomplish vt.完成(任务等)goal n.目的，目标；得分进球，球门tendency n.趋势，倾向managerial a.经理的，管理人的；管理上的，经营上的implement vt.实现；完成；履行suboptimization n.局部最优化，次优化achievement n.完成，达到；成就，成绩multiple a.多样的，复合的n.倍数constraint n.强制；强制因素，制约条件scheme n.计划；方案vt./vi.计划，策划attain vt.达到；完成define vt.解释，给…下定义；限定，规定accompany vt.伴随，陪同；为…伴奏correctness n.正确，正确性budget n.预算vt.把…编入预算；安排，预定organizational a.组织(上)的maker n.制造者；制造商optimal a.最适宜的；最理想的precedent n.先例，前例argue vt./vi.争辨，争论，辩论；说服predict vt./vi.预言；预示slimplify vt.简化objective n.目标，目的a.客观的；无偏见的profitability n.赚钱，获得trade-off n.(对不能同时兼顾的因素)权衡；物物交speechless a.不会说话的；不说话的candidate n.候选人，候补者；应试者interviewer n.接见者；面谈者entity n.存在，实体；统一性community n.社区；共同体unintended a.非计划中的，非故意的ongoing a.进行中的，前进的to make a guess at 猜测in part 部分地，在某种程度上indifference n.冷漠；不感兴趣(to)vague a.含糊的；不明确的skilled a.熟练的；有技能的and the like 等等，诸如此类prospect n.展望，景象；［常pl.］前景，前程clarification n.澄清，阐明criticism n.批评；评论notion n.概念；想法，看法personality n.个性；人格；品格interview vt./n.面谈，采访；面试，口试correspondence n.符合，一致；通信prospective a.预期的；未来的unattractive a.无吸引力的；不引人注意的in the way 挡路；碍事point of view 观点to seek to 追求，争取day to day work 日常工作exert vt.尽(力)；施加(压力等)；行使(职权等) miniskirt n.超短裙astronomer n.天文学家photocopy vt./n.复印，影印；照相复制本to ask for 请求，向…要；寻找to turn down 拒绝；调小或调低；翻下escape vi./vt.逃跑；避免n.逃跑；逃路，出口to one's advantage 对某人有利punk n.(俚)阿飞；朋克a.颓废派的intimidate vt.恐吓，恫吓clutch vt./vi.抓住，握紧to make sure 查明，弄确实；确信grip vt./n.紧握，紧夹；掌握，控制conservative a.保存的，防腐的；保守的，守旧的to take the trouble to 不辞劳苦，费力to apply for 申请rephrase vt.重新措辞，改用别的话表示in hand 手头上有painful a.痛苦的；费力的at a disadvantage 处于不利地位inefficiency n.无效；效能差resume n.摘要，梗概；个人简历panel n.专门小组neat a.整洁的；简洁的；整齐的gravity n.严肃，认真；重要性；［物］重力convincing a.有说服力的，使人信服的galaxy n.［天］星系，［G-］银河系boundary n.分界线，边界implication n.含意，暗示；牵连，涉及，卷入constant a.永恒的，经久不变的；经常的n.常数companion n.同伴，同事；［天］伴星(=～star) neutron n.［物］中子launch vt.发射；使(船)下水n.发射，(船)下水dwarf n.矮子；［天］矮星twin a./n.双胞胎(的)［Twins］［天］双子座binary a.二，双；二进制的n.双(体)；联星speculation n.推测，猜测；投机basis n.基础，根据；主要成份；军事基地observer n.遵守者，奉行者；观察者，监视者interchangeable a.可交换的；可互换的daytime n.白天，日间observatory n.天文台；了望台collapse vt./vi./n.(使)倒塌，(使)崩溃；瓦解measurement n.衡量，测量explode vt.使爆炸vi.爆炸；突发supernova n.［天］超新星density n.密集度，稠密度；［物][化］密度shrink vt./vi./n.收缩；缩小；退缩，畏缩marble n.弹子；大理石a.大理石的，大理石般的thrilling a.令人激动的；颤动的，震颤的Star of Bethlehem 圣诞星outer a.外部的mankind n.［用作单或复］人类Milky Way 银河；银河系(=Milky Way galaxy) Albert Einstein 爱因斯坦(美籍德国理论物理学家) operate v.运转，起作用；动手术；操作；经营to research into 研究microscopic a.显微镜的；微观的；微小的，细微的speculation about 关于…猜测s concerned a.有关的；关切的，担心的largely ad.大量地；主要地astronaut n.宇航员unlikely a.未必可能的；靠不住的swallow vt.吞咽n.燕子solar a.太阳的，日光的；利用太阳光的glitter vi.闪闪发光，闪烁n.闪光whereas conj.而，却；反之revolve vi.旋转；绕转to swallow up 吞没，耗尽cloudless a.无云的，晴朗的lesser a.较小的；更少的；次要的planet n.行星White Dwarf ［天］白矮星to make use of 利用crowd n.群，人群vi.聚集，群集plateau n.(［复］plateaus或plateaux)高原as a rule 通常；一般说来weaken vt.削弱，减弱vi.变弱parliament n.议会，国会；［P-］议会whilst conj.(=while)当…时；然而；虽然，尽管above all 首先，首要debate vt./n.争论，辩论vi.对…进行争论，辩论injection n.注射；注射剂，针剂criterion n.标准，准则prosecute vt.对…起诉，告发euthanasia n.无痛楚的死亡；安乐死nationwide a.全国性的ad.在全国范围内deteriorate vt./vi.(使)恶化Dutch a.荷兰人的；荷兰语的n.荷兰人；荷兰语request vt./n.请求，要求a great many 很多lethal a.致死的tropical a.热带的；炎热的coloured a.有色的legal a.法律上的；合法的Dutchman n.(［复］Dutchmen)荷兰人religion n.宗教；宗教信仰circumstance n.［pl.］情况，环境；境遇ensure vt.保证，担保oppose vt.反对，反抗；使相对，使对抗(to)sensitive a.敏感的；灵敏的，感光的opt vi.抉择，选择(for)，在…之间选择to make request for 要求…council n.理事会；委员会healthcare n.保健burden n.负担；责任，义务vt.使负重担；麻烦tradition n.传统；惯例hospice n.(晚期病人)收容所moving a.活动的，移动的；动人的，令人感动的prohibition n.禁止；禁令be opposed to 反对elderly a.较老的，人过中年的n.近老年人consideration n.考虑；体谅，照顾disabled a.伤残的；使失去战斗力的shorten vt./vi.缩短，缩小；减少vulnerable a.易受伤的，弱小的；易受…攻击的paternalistic a.家长式统治的；家长作风的founder n.创始者；缔造者to be affected with 患有…疾病to take...into account 考虑到to debate on 关于…进行辩论need for 对…的需要individual n.个人，个体，独立单位a.个人的；个别的to open up 打开；开办，开辟，开发；坦诚地谈话conspiracy n.阴谋，密谋；阴谋集团，阴谋帮派appoint vt.任命，委任(as)；约定，指定The Netherlands 荷兰(=Holland)Wilfred van Oijen 威尔弗雷德·范·奥仁(人名)unfair a.不公平的，不公正的entry n.进入；入口；登记，条目，账目privilege n.特权vt.给予…特权Cees van Wendel de Joode 齐思·范·万德尔·德·尤德(人名) to opt out (of) 决定不参加…，决定(从…)退出Andrew Ferguson 安德鲁·福格森(人名)merit n.优点，长处；功绩，功劳senior a.年长的；大学四年级的n.年长者graduate v.(使)(大学)毕业n.大学毕业生，研究生bias n.偏见v.［常用被动语态］有偏见private a.私人的；私营的；秘密的，私下的escalator n.自动扶梯to have...at heart 对某事十分关心headmaster n.(中学或小学的)校长Cicely Saunders 茜西莉·桑德斯(人名)employment n.使用；雇佣；职业，工作profession n.职业(尤指脑力劳动或受过专业训练的) network n.［纺］网眼织物；网状物，网络leading a.领导的，指引的；最重要的，主要的publish vt.出版，刊印；公布，发表old-boy n.老同学；(招呼用)老朋友，老弟，老兄prime a.最初的，基本的；主要的；最好的fiercely ad.凶猛地，凶残地；猛烈地on average 平均vision n.想像力，幻觉；视力，视觉；眼光elitist n.杰出人物a.杰出人物(统治论)的ivy n.常青藤applicant n.申请人，请求者to blame...for 为…责备某人remedial a.治疗的，治疗上用的；补救的elite n.精英，杰出人物a.杰出的，精英的excellence n.优秀，杰出classless a.无阶级的；不属于任何阶级的to amount to 达到，总计；相当于，等于by nature 生来，天生，就其本性而言competitive a.竞争的，比赛的academic a.学院的，学会的；学术的equivalent a.相等的；等价的n.等价(物)；对应词additional a.附加的，追加的；另外的be worth doing 值得做…abolish vt.废除(法律，习惯等)；取消entrance n.进入；入口，门口；入场，入会，入学performance n.执行；表现，工作性能；演出，演奏recruit vt./vi.征募(新兵)，吸收；补充n.新成员replicate vt.重复；复制accessible a.易接近的；易受影响的(to)；可理解的Clare Bolderson 克莱尔·博尔德森(人名)folk n.人们；［口］家属，亲属a.民间的Don Claxton 唐·克莱克斯顿(人名)punishment n.处罚，罚，刑罚；折磨，损害disaffection n.不满inhumane a.不人道的，残忍的civil a.国民的，民用的；国内的，民间的union n.工会，协会；结合，联合distinct a.与其他不同的，独特的；明显的musician n.音乐家；作曲家rock'n'roll n.摇滚乐，摇滚舞musically ad.在音乐方面；好听地；悦耳地blues n.布鲁斯；慢四步舞liberty n.自由，自由权；冒昧，失礼；特许权，特权rhythmic a.有韵律的；有节奏的transformation n.变化，转化；改造，改革Alvin Bronstein 阿尔文·布朗斯坦(人名)Alabama 阿拉巴马(美国州名)to call up 打电话；使想起，使忆起to watch over 看守，照管，监视argument n.争论，辩论；论据，理由Huntsville 亨茨维尔(城市名，位于阿拉巴马州北部) Georgia 佐治亚(美国州名)Arkansas 阿肯色(美国州名)in unison 完全一致地deny vt.否定，否认；拒绝接受，拒绝给予toilet n.盥洗室；厕所eyewitness n.目击者；见证人United Kingdom 联合王国weed n.杂草，野草vt.除草，拔草ditch n.沟，沟渠vt./vi.开渠；筑渠circus n.马戏团，杂技团；马戏场，杂技场interstate a.［主美］州际的unison n.一致；协调gap n.裂口，裂缝racial a.种族的racist n.种族主义者a.种族主义的；种族歧视的shackle n.［常pl.］镣铐；［pl.］束缚，枷锁Singapore 新加坡岛；新加坡；新加坡市spokesman n.发言人；代言人plantation n.种植园，大农场；植树造林BBC 英国广播公司correspondent n.对应物；新闻通讯员，记者，通信者gang n.一队，一族；一群，一帮The Philippines 菲律宾(国)；菲律宾群岛re-introduction n.重新采用，重新引入Lydia Garcia 莉迪亚·加西亚(人名)Kumari 库马里(人名)Sri Lanka 斯里兰卡degrade vt.降级，贬低；堕落；退化concession n.让步；特许权；租界，租界地immigration n.移居；外来的移民to convict...of 证明…有罪，宣判…有罪breadwinner n.养家糊口的人to bring over 把…带来；使转变be deserving of 值得；应得be supposed to 应该shelf n.(壁橱，书橱内)搁板；架子deserving a.应得的，值得的(of)immigrant a.移民的，侨民的n.移民，侨民kingdom n.王国；领域Filipino n.菲律宾人(语) a.菲律宾人的；菲律宾的convict vt.证明…有罪(of)；宣判n.罪犯execute vt.实行，执行，完成，贯彻；将…处死foreigner n.外国人Saudi n.沙特阿拉伯人a.沙特阿拉伯(人或语)的leaflet n.小叶，嫩叶；传单，活页maid n.少女；侍女，女仆incidence n.影响程度，影响范围；发生率despite prep.尽管，任凭deport vt.驱逐出境employee n.雇员，雇工status n.情形，状况；地位，身份minimum n.最小量；最低限度a.最小的；最低的guilt n.有罪；内疚Stanford (美国)斯坦福大学Walter Ellis 沃尔特·埃利斯(人名)Oxford 牛津；牛津大学passport n.护照Oxbridge 牛津大学和剑桥大学；该校之学生Harvard (美国)哈佛大学Cambridge 剑桥；剑桥大学domestic adj.家庭的，家务的；国内的n.家仆，佣人sexually ad.在性方面Briton n.大不列颠人；英国人abuse vt./n.滥用，妄用；虐待，凌辱John Rae 约翰·雷(人名)diplomat a.外交家；外交官statistics n.统计数字，统计资料；［用作单］统计学exploit vt.开发，开采；利用；剥削abroad ad.到国外；在国外Princeton (美国)普林斯顿大学lvy League 常春藤联合会；名牌大学的Yale (美国)耶鲁大学campaign n.战役；运动v.参加运动，参加竞选活动Berkeley 伯克利；加利福尼亚大学伯克利分校Westminster 威斯敏斯特France 法兰西，法国John Major 约翰·梅杰(前英国首相)slavery n.奴隶制度，奴役；奴隶身份eclecticism n.折衷主义imitator n.模仿者guitar n.六弦琴，吉他jazz n.爵士乐Negro n.黑人a.黑人的amplifier n.放大器electronics n.［复］［用作单］电子学electronic a.电子的youthful a.反战的readily ad.乐意地；很快地，容易地sentiment n.感情，情绪；感伤lighting n.照明，照明设备studio n.工作室；播音室，演播室；电影制片厂originate vi./vt.发源；发生，发起synthesis n.结合，合成consciousness n.意识，知觉；觉悟instrument n.仪器；乐器passive a.被动的；消极的participant n.参加者a.参与的limitless a.无限制的，无限的ballroom n.舞厅spontaneous a.自发的，本能的，自动的；出自自然的penetrating a.穿透的，贯穿的；深刻的，透彻的thereby ad.由此，从而multimedia a.多种手段的；多媒体的n.多媒体to take on 具有；担任(工作等)；雇佣thematic a.题目的，主题的；主旋律的symphony n.交响曲，交响乐；交响乐队，交响音乐会fruitful a.有成果的，有收获的Bob Dylan 鲍伯·狄伦traditionalist n.传统主义者；因循守旧者painstaking a.苦干的；费力的to take over 接管，接任；把…从一处运到另一处invariably ad.不变地San Francisco 旧金山(或称三藩市)inspire vt.鼓舞；使产生灵感creative a.创造性的Beatle ［the Beatles］披头士摇滚乐队preliminary a.预备的；初步的n.初试；预赛conception n.概念，观念improvise vt.即兴创作；临时准备，临时凑成output n.产量；输出Jefferson Airplane 杰弗逊飞机(美国摇滚乐队名) handle n.柄，把手vt.运用，操纵；经营，管理notebook n.笔记本composer n.作曲家theme n.题目，主题；主旋律to take place 发生well-established a.固定下来的；得到确认的constructive a.建设的，建设性的conventional a.惯例的，常规的；(艺术等)因袭的at a stretch 连续不断地for the sake of 为了…之好处；为了…的目的diversified a.多样化的sonority n.响亮，洪亮in advance 在前面；预先to serve as 适合Palestrina 帕莱斯特里纳(意大利作曲家)temper vt.［治］使回火，锻炼；调合clavichord n.(音)击弦古钢琴in a sense 在某种意义上Hugo Wolf 沃尔夫(奥地利作曲家)experimental a.实验的；经验的sake n.缘故summarize vt./vi.概述，总结to belong in 应归入(类别、范畴等)Franz Schubert 舒伯特(奥地利作曲家)in other words 换句话说Beethoven 贝多芬(德国作曲家)completeness n.完整，圆满；完成，结束well(-)tempered 脾气好的；(键盘乐器)调到平均律的It goes without saying that 不言而喻，理所当然evident a.明显的，明白的mold n.(=mould)模子；模型vt.用模子做，浇铸harmony n.协调，和谐；融洽，一致automotive a.自动的，机动的；汽车的increasingly ad.不断增加地calculator n.计算者；计算器reduction n.减少，减小；降级，降职；归纳，归并frame n.构架，框架expose vt.使暴露，使面临；揭露，揭发appliance n.应用，适用；用具，器械Edgar Varese 瓦雷兹(法裔美国作曲家)Debussy 德彪西(法国作曲家)Moussorgsky 穆索尔斯基(俄国作曲家)robotics n.机器人学，机器人技术robot n.机器人；自动控制装置spray n.水花；喷雾vt.喷；喷涂vi.喷；溅散efficiency n.效率；功效，效能，实力prevalent a.流行的，普通的cast vt.投，扔；投射；铸造n.投，掷；模具weld vt./n.焊接radiation n.放射，发光；放射物，辐射线，辐射能personnel n.全体人员，全体职员；人事(部门)Well Tempered Clavichord (巴赫)《平均律钢琴曲集》Gesualdo 杰苏阿尔多(意大利作曲家)Bach 巴赫(德国作曲家)radioactive a.［原］放射性的；放射引起的install vt.安装Berlioz 柏辽兹(法国作曲家，指挥家及音乐评论家) in between 在中间；每间隔；在…期间shade n.荫，阴影vt.遮蔽，遮光fireman n.消防队员light-sensitive a.光敏的in question 正被谈论的critical a.批评(性)的；紧要的，关键性的，危急的digital a.手指的，指状的；数字的，计数的housekeeper n.管理家务的主妇；女管家plenty of 大量的；丰富的specific a.特有的，特定的；具体的，明确的to expose to 暴露；面临；曝露brightness n.明亮，晴朗；聪敏，机灵automatic a.自动的；无意识的，机械的grayscale 灰度attendant n.侍者，服务员；出席者assemble vt.集合；装配vi.集合calculation n.计算，计算结果；仔细考虑camera n.照相机，摄影机reprogramme v.再次(重新)设定程序in that 在于，原因是scale n.刻度，表度；规模；比例(尺)；天平switch n.开关，转换器v.转换；接通或切断…电流defective a.有缺点的；有缺陷的intensity n.强烈，剧烈completion n.完成，结束；完满reliability n.可靠性forecast vt.预测，预报；预示speculate vi.思索；推测vt.投机；思索，推测radon n.氡fault n.缺点，毛病；错误，过失；［地］断层subside vi.沉淀；沉降；平静下来，平息，减退arthquake n.地震on the alert 警戒，处于戒备状态seismic a.地震precede vt.先于…，比…优先vi.在前面，领先giant n.巨人；巨物，巨大的动物a.巨大的to set up 设立，建立；建立，提出Guatemala 危地马拉radium n.镭datum n.(［复］data)资料，材料；数据Chile 智利up-to-date a.最新的，现代化的；直至目前的earning n.警告；警报a.警告的eastern a.东方的，东部的；向东方的，来自东方的to work on 从事…；对…有影响partial a.偏袒的，偏心的，对…偏袒；部分的underground a.地下的；秘密的ad.在地下；隐蔽地shift vt./vi.替换；转移n.转换，转移；轮班decay vi./vt.(使)腐朽，腐烂；衰变n.腐烂；衰败analyze vt.分析occupation n.占领；占有；职业satisfaction n.满意，满足recognition n.认出；承认，公认positive a.确实的；积极的，肯定的；正的，阳性的Garm 加尔姆(俄国城市)underlie vt.支撑；构成(理论，政策，行为等)的基础stressful a.紧张的，压力重的renewal n.更新；重新开始impart vt.把…分给；给予(to)attach vt.固定住，系；附加，隶属；使喜爱Charles Richter 查尔斯·里克特leadership n.领导；［总称］领导人员Haicheng 海城(中国辽宁省城市)urban a.城市的，都市的research n.研究，调查vi.调查，研究loom vi.隐隐呈现；逼近portray vt.描绘；描写；描述possession n.有，拥有；［常pl.］占有物；财产relaxation n.松弛，放松；缓和，减轻；休养California 加利福尼亚(美国州名)San Andreas fault (美)圣安德烈亚斯断层relevant a.贴切的，中肯的；与…有关的(to) desirable a.称心的，合意的，理想的acquire vt.获得，得到motivate vt.作为…的动机，激发overestimate vt.过高估计；过高评价elusive a.躲避的；难以捉摸的，难以理解的wayside n.路边a.路边的be concerned with 关于，涉及；忙于…；关心，关切oversupply vt./n.过多供应tricky a.狡猾的，耍花招的；难以处理的adjustment n.调整flexible a.柔韧的，柔顺的；可变通的，灵活的attainment n.达到，到达；［常pl.］成就，造诣slip vi.滑动，滑过；溜，溜走vt.使滑动realistic a.现实的，实际的；现实主义的underestimate vt.低估；看轻weekly a.每周的ad.每周(一次) n.周刊，周报to put...to use 使用；利用to attach importance to 认为…很重要participation n.参加，参与to take to 开始从事；养成…的习惯；培养对…的爱好project n.设计，规划；项目vt.方案，计划；投射be relevant to 与…有关quicksand n.流沙readjustment n.再整理，再调整on the part of 就…而言appointment n.任命；约会communicator n.传播者，传播工作者to set...as objective 把…作为目标to hang up 把…挂起来；挂断(电话)；延迟，拖延lag vi.走得慢，落后n.落后，滞后freshman n.新手，生手；大学一年级学生to look ahead to 向前看；展望未来routine n.日常工作a.日常的；例行的；常规的deem vt.认为，相信jet n.喷射；喷嘴；喷气式飞机，喷气发动机inflexible a.不可弯曲的；不可改变的，固执的flight n.飞行，飞翔；航班，班机；逃跑，溃退physiological a.生理的，生理学的kid vt./vi./n.戏弄，开玩笑；欺骗，哄骗up to date 最新的，新式的；切合目前情况的to allocate...for 分配给…；配给regulatory a.规章的；调节的assignment n.分配，委派；任务，(课外)作业crash a.紧急的，速成的to fall by the wayside 半途而废，中途退出to work out 作出；制定出to kid...into doing 欺骗…去做…temptation n.引诱，诱惑faithfully ad.忠诚地；如实地to throw off 扔掉；摆脱adjust vt.调整，调节；校准to stick with 坚持；继续emergency n.紧急情况；突发事件reset vt./n.重新安排，重调sweat n.汗vi.出汗vt.使出汗regulate vt./n.管理；调节external a.外在的，在外的discrepancy n.差异；不一致internal a.内部的，内在的；国内的periodicity n.周期性，间发性excretion n.排泄；分泌hormonal a.荷尔蒙的，激素的palm n.手掌instantaneously ad.瞬间地；即刻地rhythm n.韵律，格律；节奏transport vt.运输n.运输mechanism n.［机］机构，机制；作用过程timer n.计时员，定时器destination n.目的地，终点timing n.时间的选择；计时，定时secretary n.秘书；书记；部长，大臣cortisol n.［生］皮质(甾)醇alarm n.警报；惊恐vt.向…报警；打扰suprachiasmatic a.超(染色体)交叉的negotiation n.谈判，协商bodily a.身体的，肉体的proceeding n.程序，进程；项目，活动，会议文集overcome vt.战胜；克服Vichy 维希(法国中部城市)expectation n.期待；估计寿命unlovable a.不可爱的；不讨人喜爱的resistance to 对…的阻力upwards ad.向上；趋向上升Sweden 瑞典to approximate to 与…接近wealthy a.富裕的；丰富的infant n.婴儿，幼儿a.婴儿的，幼儿的lovable a.可爱的，讨人喜欢的esteem vt./n.尊敬，尊重Austria 奥地利parenting n.父母对孩子的养育Northern 北爱尔兰revision n.修订，修改to the fore 在前面，到前面；在显著地位manageable a.易管理的slippery a.滑的；圆滑的lengthen vt.使延长vi.变长，延伸neglect vt.忽视，忽略；疏忽n.忽略；疏忽cope vi.对付，妥善处理(with)continued a.继续的，连续的demographer n.人口学家tone n.音调，音色；腔调，语气；声调，语调Wales 威尔士acknowledge vt.承认；表示感谢paradox n.似非而可能是的论点；自相矛盾的话classify vt.把…分类，把…分等级；把…列为proportion n.比率，比例vt.使成比例，使相称to fall apart 四分五裂；崩溃experiential a.经验的；凭经验的resettlement n.重新定居，重新安置appreciation n.欣赏，鉴赏；正确评价；感激，感谢salient a.突出的，凸起的；显著的birthrate n.出生率liability n.责任，义务；债务，负债；不利条件alter vt./vi.改变，改动dependency n.从属；依赖(on)gathering n.聚集；集会advantageous a.有利的，有助的inactive a.不活动的；不活跃的be true of 符合于…，对…适用to date 到目前为止fore ad.在前面a.先前的；在前部的n.前部aged a.年老的，老的elsewhere ad.在别处；向别处northwestern a.在西北的，向西北的；来自西北的approximate a.近似的，大约的v.近似，接近；使接近demography n.人口统计学to attend to 专心；注意；照顾pharmacological a.药物学的，药理学的as fresh as paint 精神饱满John Foster Dulles 杜勒斯(美国国务卿)now that (连词)既然，由于to leave...alone 不管，不理；听其自然assumption n.假定，设想；承担，采取to advantage 有利地，有效地fluctuation n.波动，起伏promote vt.促进，发扬；提升，升级；发起，创办mid-afternoon a.下午三点左右的feasible a.可行的，可能的span n.指距，跨距；一段时间neutral a.中立的；中性的White House 白宫(美国总统官邸)，美国政府in time 及时；终于Guam 关岛(美国在西太平洋的重要海、空军基地) synchronize vi.同时发生，同步vt.使同步Washington D.C. 华盛顿(市)［美国首都］effect on 对…的作用wakefulness n.觉醒，不眠Aswan Dam 阿斯旺水坝Johnson 约翰逊(美国第36任总统)fluctuate vi.波动，起伏；动摇vt.使波动，使起伏out of step 步伐不一致；不协调to blame...on 把…归咎于focal n.焦点的contrary a.相反的，相对的，与…相反(to)illusion n.错觉；幻觉illustration n.说明；例证，插图infrequent a.很少发生的inefficient a.无效的；效率低的mislead vt.把…带错路，使…错或做错distraction n.精神涣散，精神不集中；消遣，娱乐retention n.保持；保留finance n.财政，金融；经费，资金distract vt.分散(注意，心思等)；使人分心appreciate vt.欣赏，鉴赏；正确评价，鉴别；感激duration n.持续；持续时间trick n.诡计；恶作剧moderate a.中等的，适度的；温和的，有节制的hinder vt.阻止；妨碍(from)exceptional a.例外的；异常的，特殊的distractor n.分散注意力的东西motivation n.动机；动力remedy n.治疗；补救(法) vt.治疗，补救adversely ad.相反地；不利地，有害地typical a.典型的，代表性的fade vi.凋谢，枯萎；(颜色)褪去vt.使褪色productivity n.生产率；丰饶，多产fearful a.可怕的，吓人的；害怕的，胆怯的monopoly n.垄断；专卖statistically ad.在统计方面to break up 打碎；结束；驱散；散开；分解foolproof a.连傻子都懂的；不会出毛病的overturn vt./n.打翻；推翻，颠覆，毁灭vi.翻身in the running 参赛，参加竞选automatically ad.自动地；习惯性地competitor n.竞争者；对手temporarily ad.暂时地，临时地monopolize v.垄断；专卖transfer vt./vi.转移；改变n.转移，传输，变换moderation n.温和，适度；缓和，减轻to carry on 经营，进行；继续to come into power 上台；开始掌权majority n.多数，大半；多数党，多数派opposition n.反对，反抗；对立，意见相反dominant a.占优势的；支配的peaceful a.平静的，安宁的；和平的，和平方式的running n.跑，赛跑；竞选out of power 丧失权力anaesthetics n.麻醉学in favour of 赞成，支持；为…的利益，有利于in power 掌权的，执政的inevitable a.不可避免的，必然(发生)的legislation n.立法；法律，法规rivalry n.竞争；对抗inevitably ad.不可避免地，必然地impact on 对…之影响James Carville 詹姆斯·卡维尔congressman n.(［复］congressmen) (美)国会议员George McGovern 乔治·麦戈文Ohio 俄亥俄州(美国州名)assault n.攻击，袭击；(军)冲击，突击，强击Warren Harding 沃伦·哈定George Bush 乔治·布什collectively ad.总体地；集体地nominate vt.提名；任命；命名Jimmy Carter 吉米·卡特Ross Perot 罗斯·佩罗George Wallace 乔治·华莱士parliamentary a.议会的，国会的Clinton 比尔·克林顿(Bill Clinton)electorate n.全体选民；选区Ronald Reagan 罗纳德·里根Little Rock 小石城(美国阿肯色州首府)dominance n.优势，控制，统治contest n.竞争，比赛；争夺，竞争；争论，争辩John Anderson 约翰·安德森District of Columbia (美) (D.C.)哥伦比亚特区dozen n.一打，十二个；十来个，十几个poll n.选举；民意测验vt.得到选票vi.投票electoral a.选举的to identify...as 把…看成impact n.冲击，碰撞；影响vt.装紧，压紧decline vi.下降；衰退vt.拒绝n.下降；衰落provision n.供应，供应品；条款，规定；给养rating n.等级，规格；(电视)收视率voter n.选举人，投票人constitutional a.宪法上规定的；组成的，构成的representative n.代表，代表人a.典型的，有代表性的presidency n.总统(或校长)职务(职权，任期)；管辖headquarters n.司令部，指挥部；总部，总店pursue vt.追赶；追求，寻求；进行，从事congress n.国会，议会；参议院，上院strategically ad.战略上地，颇具策略地House n.［英］议院stir vt.搅拌；激起vi.走动；活动n.惊动strategy n.战略；策略district n.区，行政区；地区，区域strategist n.战略家economy n.经济；节约overwhelming a.压倒之势的democrat n.民主主义者，民主人士；民主党党员representation n.描写，表现；代表，代理to stand no chance 没有可能；没有希望vote n.选举，投票；票，选票vi.投票，选举withdraw vt.收回，提取；撤退vi.撤退；退缩reinforcement n.增强，加固；强化loyalty n.忠诚；忠心to take advantage of 利用；占…便宜crisis n.危机；决定性时刻tangible a.可触摸的，可感知的；确实的，真实的fold vt./vi.折叠；对折n.褶(痕)republican a.共和国的；共和党的n.共和党党员outcome n.结果，结局；出路，出口to cope with 对付；处理election n.选举；选举权no other...than 除…外没有，只有；正是，就是worthless a.无价值的，无用的；不足道的，不可取的appropriate a.适合的，恰当的，相宜的to act out 将…表演出来；(用行动)表示出来inconsiderate a.不替别人考虑的；不体谅人的nomination n.提名；任命attribute n.属性，特征；vt.把…归因与(to) presidential a.总统(校长)的；总统(校长)职务的democratic a.民主的，民主主义的nominee n.被提名者；被任命者ultimately ad.最后，最终地certainty n.一定；必定winner n.获胜者，优胜者；成功者misleading a.引入歧途的；使人误解的dose n.(一次)剂量thalidomide n.［药］萨立多胺cell n.细胞；小房间，单人牢房replace vt.把…放回(原处)；更换，以…替代tube n.管；电子管，真空管；［英］地铁suitable a.合适的；适当的irresponsible a.无责任感的，不负责任的vaccine n.牛痘苗；疫苗a.牛痘的；疫苗的replacement n.复位，复职；替换，代替eventual a.最后的，结局的irrelevant a.不相干的，离题的，与…不相干developmental a.发展的，开发的；促使成长的partly ad.部分地；在一定程度上rabbit n.兔biomedical a.生物医学的refinement n.精炼，精制unethical a.不合伦理的；不合道德的disorder n.混乱；失调，紊乱vt.使混乱；使失调simulate vt.假装，冒充；模仿，模拟ethics n.伦理学；伦理观，道德标准toxicity n.毒性polio n.［医］脊髓灰质炎，小儿麻痹症undergo vt.经历，经受；忍受diabetes n.糖尿病reproduce vt.繁殖；再生产；复制；再现，重现be central to 对…极为重要的to do experiment on 用…做实验to aim for 瞄准；以…为目标David Morton 大卫·莫顿(人名)to sacrifice to 向…献祭；为…而牺牲；为…而失去to test on 对…进行试验Colin Blackmore 科林·布莱克默(人名) Birmingham 伯明翰(英格兰中部城市)be irrelevant to 与…不相干；不切题humanity n.个性，博爱，仁慈；人类negative a.否定的；负的，阴性的n.底片；负数refine vt./vi.提纯，精制；使改进，变优雅literal a.精确的，如实的；逐字的，字面的going n.进行状况a.进行中的；现行的regeneration n.新生，再生，复兴remark vt./vi.说，评论，议论n.评论，看法delightful a.令人高兴的；讨人喜欢的pet n.宠物，爱畜a.宠爱的，表示亲昵的to do research into 进行…的研究paralyse vt.使麻痹，使瘫痪；使无力，使气馁regrow vt.再生长，重新生长coming a.正在到来的，即将来到的n.来到，到达litter n.干草；杂乱无章；一窝(仔畜) vt.铺草touching a.动人的，使人感伤的prevail vi.胜过；流行，盛行unreasonable a.不讲道理的；不合情理的，过度的individualistic a.个人主义(者)的contemplate vt.注视，凝视；沉思afflict vt.使苦恼，折磨starve vi.饿死；挨饿；极需，渴望vt.使挨饿grant vt.同意；准予n.同意，授予；拨款imperative a.绝对必要的；命令的，强制的；祈使的sustain vt.支撑，承受住；供养，维持stricken a.被打中的，被击伤的；受灾的，受侵袭的to bring out 使显现，显示；生产，使产生to take...for granted 认为真实；视为当然to attach...to 使…与…相关，把…附加到deficiency n.缺乏，不足relief n.(痛苦，压迫等)减轻，宽慰；救济deprive vt.夺去，剥夺；使失去(of)ownership n.拥有；所有权，所有制plea n.请求，恳求；托词contented a.满足的，满意的donation n.捐献；赠送goings and comings 来往；活动，发生的事kwashiorkor n.［医］恶性营养不良症serene a.安详的；宁静的starvation n.饥饿；饿死devotion n.献身，忠诚to break in on (upon) 打扰；打断，闯进spur vt.激励，鞭策n.踢马刺；刺激，激励，鼓舞confront vt.面对，遭遇；正视，对抗at ease 自在的，舒适的sensitivity n.敏感性；灵敏度maladjustment n.失调；不适应环境waylay vt.伏击；拦住…问讯intellectual n.知识分子a.智力的，理智的inner a.内部的，里面的；思想的n.内部；里面compensatory a.赔偿的，补偿的not (never) for a moment 通常；多半not that... 并不是说initial a.最初的，开始的；词首的n.首字母to seize hold of 抓住；占有daydream vi./n.白日做梦habitual a.习惯性的，习以为常的；惯常的inventor n.发明者，创造者detail n.细节，详情vt.详述，详细说明to feel bitter at 对…怀恨to plea for 恳求；请求muse vt./vi./n.沉思，冥想enhance vt.提高；增强equilibrium n.平衡，均衡，相称；均势；平静symptom n.症状，征兆painter n.漆工；画家to substitute...for 用…代替…to put off 延期；消除trace n.痕迹，踪迹；微量，少许vt.跟踪，查找well-being n.健康；福利，幸福dreamlike a.梦一般的，梦幻的。

蒋军虎核心词汇课堂笔记词汇九大联想记忆法一、词根词缀记忆法：就像中文的偏旁部首一样一样，例如：木→林→森，是一个演变和推理的过程；又如：瘸，这个字，所谓瘸子，就是走路一高一低，所以有一个腿多了一个肉，因此就是“疒+加+肉→瘸”。

英文也是如此：important，注意词根：im表示“…之内、相反，与in前缀相同”，port是港口，ant表示“…的”。

因此就是：“进口的”，那么进口的东西，都是比较贵重的，高级的，因此它的意思就是：重要的president，词根：pre表示“…之前”，side是边上，ent表示“…的”，也表示“人”。

因此就是：走在前边的人。

在不同的语境有不同的意思，所以它的意思就是：总统、校长、主席、行长、会长、总裁….细分类：1，前缀+词根：prefix + root例如：forehead，额头，fore是before的词根，表示“…之前”；又如：forearm，意思是：小臂；又如：foreleg，意思是：小腿；又如：forefather，意思是：祖先、祖辈（爷爷一类的人）；又如：forebear，bear有出生的意思，因此整体意思是：（出生在你前边的那些人）祖先、祖辈；又如：forefinger，意思是：食指；又如：foreground，意思是：前景，最显著的位置（主要是空间的前景，不是时间的前景）；background是它的反义词：背景；又如：forecast，cast表示：投、掷、打、抛、浇铸、派角色，fore词根还有在时间上提前的意思，所以整个词的意思是：预报（在…之前播）、预见；类似的还有broadcast，broad词根表示“广”，因此词义是：广播；又如：foresee，意思是：预见、预知；又如：foretell，预告、预言、预测；例如：ex’pose（expose是个动词，读的时候要把重音放在第二个音节上），前缀ex表示“向外”，词根是pose，pose作为动词是“摆放”的意思，因此整体意思就是：（向外摆放、向外放置）使暴露、曝光、揭露又如：impose，im表示“向里”，pose还是“摆放”，那么整体意思：（以前没有，现在却向里摆放）强加于…、征税、以…欺骗、利用、施以影响；又如：repose，re表示“重复、相反、回”，整体意思：（把自己，往回放）休息、睡觉；又如：depose，de表示“向下、分开”，depose the king，整体意思是：（…往下放）罢免、废除，宣誓作证；又如：dispose，dis表示“分开、分离、否定”，整体意思是：（否定性的放置）处理、处置；（dispose of 意思是：处理掉）又如：compose，com表示“共同、联合，与con、cor、col、co相同”，整体意思是：（放置到一起，因此就）组成、创作、使镇定；又如：propose，pro表示“时间、方位的向前、未来、领先”，整体意思是：（向未来放置，把未来的东西放置出来）建议、打算、计划、求婚；例如：progress，gress是gression的词根，表示“移位、运动”，因此整体意思就是：（向前移位）进步；又如：regress，re表示“重复、相反、回”，整体意思：（向回移位）复原、逆行、使倒退；又如：congress，con表示“共同、联合”，整体意思是：（到一起来动）议会、代表大会；2，词根+后缀：root + suffix例如：actor，or做后缀指“人”，还可以指“物”（用法同ar、er），词根act是动作、扮演的意思，因此合起来：演员；又如：scholar，词根是school，因此合起来就是：学者；又如：cooker，词根是cook，因此合起来就是：做饭的工具，炊具；又如：typewriter，打字机；（而打字员是typist；）又如：drawer，词根draw是：轻轻的拉，整体意思是：抽屉、画家、（复数）衬裤、内裤；又如：skyscraper，词根scrape意思是：刮、擦，（而scrap意思是：弄碎、拆毁、互相殴打、文章、废料、打架、零碎的、废弃的）整体意思是：（擦着天空的东西）摩天大楼；又如：cultivator，词根cultivate是：培养、耕作的意思，整体意思：播种机、耕种机；又如：respondent，词根respond意思是：回答、反应，后缀ent表示“人”，整体意思：回答者、被告；Key：前缀比后缀更重要，因为前缀基本限制了词的意思，而后缀限制词的词性3，前缀+词根+后缀：prefix + root + suffix例如：concentrate，ate是动词后缀，词根是center（也作centre），整体意思：（一起到中心来）集中、浓缩；又如：resident，词根是side，整体意思是：（总是在某一边的人）居民；（那么“居住”就是reside）又如：开篇介绍的president（那么preside就是动词：主持）又如：correspondent，cor表示“共同、联合、一起”，ent表示“人”，词根respond，整体意思是：（一起反应的人）通信记者、通信员；（那么correspond就是不及物动词：通信、响应、符合、协调、相当）4，其他情况：else例如：reinforce，re表示“再一次”，in表示“向内、注入”，force表示“力量”，整体：（再一次注入力量）增援、补充、增加、加固；（reinforce a fleet 增援一支舰队）二、形近词联想记忆法：例如：lamp，la可以表示为汉语拼音：拉，p像一个灯柱加一个灯泡，所以整体意思就是：灯；又如：limp，li可以表示为汉语拼音：李，p像一个拐杖，整体意思：（瘸拐李）跛行、柔软的、易弯曲的；又如：limb，li可以表示为汉语拼音：李，b像是瘸拐李把拐杖收起来了，整理意思：（只能看到收起拐杖的瘸拐李，也就是只能看到他的肢体）肢体、翼、分支；又如：lame，la可以表示为汉语拼音：拉，me就是英文的“我”，整体意思：（拉我一把，因为我）瘸了；又如：lamb，la可以近似表示为汉语拼音：来，b近似表示为汉语拼音：吧，整体意思：（来吧）小羊羔。

A(09-1-下)abandon vt.抛弃abandon ship弃船abandon one’s hopeabide vi. abide by 遵守bid 命令,要求; abide by the law= conform to the law abnormal adj.不正常; normal; ab-离开,偏离away from; abnormal-minded 变态的aboard adv./prep 在船上,在火车,飞机上board 甲板; a-处于…状态;表语形容词alive/alone/asleep/alike/ashore/awakeabolish vt.使流产,取消,废除=cancel; a-表示否定: apolitical 非政治的;atonal 跑调的abortion n.流产bor-→bornabound vi.富产; abundant 大量的; boundary 边界; bound 范围abound in 富于…无限的,大量的abroad adv. 到国外ab-离开; study abroad 留学; go abroad 出国absolute adj.绝对的; solution n.解决; solve vt.解决; soluble adj.可溶的absent adj.缺席的; be absent from the class/the meeting; send 派遣present 出席; be present at the meeting ;absorb vt.吸收absorb water/chemicals; absorb oneself in sth 沉浸于be absorbed in sth/doing 沉浸于某事abstract vt.提炼abs- = ab-; n.摘要; adj.抽象的abstract some mineral out of the ore从矿石中提炼矿物tractor 拖拉机-tract 拖,拉; extract vt.拔出extract a tooth 拔牙distract vt.转移; contract vi.挤压,压缩,收缩; protract vt.延长absurd adj.荒谬的,荒唐的,荒诞的abundant adj.大量的abuse vt.滥用;虐待n.滥用,虐待; abuse one’s power/authorityabuse one’s wife 虐待; abuse captives 虐待俘虏; drug abuse 吸毒child abuse 虐待儿童academic adj.专业的,学术的; academic custume 学位服academy 专业院校(方向); a military academy 军事院校college 专科院校;学院(英)=school; institute 研究院school 大学下属学院(美); law/bussiness school法/商学院;university 综合大学universe 宇宙;academic degree 学位; academic term 专业术语academic freedom 学术自由; academic discussion 学术探讨accelerate v.加速=speed up; slow down减速; to accelerate one’s car 提速access n.进入,途径[u]; -cess,-ceed= go,move;vt. 1.接通(电脑等); 取数; 存取; 2.得到, 了解; 3.接近, 进入, 使用have access to doing有做sth的途径,方法可以得到,可以获得Student should have access to excellent books.学生应该读到优秀的书籍.exceed vt.超出..范围go out of/beyond; exceed the speed limit 超速exceed one’s expectations超出预期excess n.过多,过度an excess of…; an excess of praise/criticismexcessive adj.过多的,极端的,额外;proceed vi.继续proceed to sth; proceed to one’s master degreeprocess n.进程,过程; in process of 在做sth过程当中precede v.在…前面,领先于; in the preceding paragraph 在前面一段precedent n.前例,先例; concede v.让步,妥协; concession n.妥协succeed 成功succeed in; 继承succeed to; succeed/fail in 成功/失败success n.成功; succession n.继承,系列a succession ofsuccessive adj.系列的,连续不断的; successful adj.成功的recede vi.退回,衰退; recession 衰退economic recession acclaim n./v.欢呼; claim 声称; proclaim 宣布= declare; proclaim peace/ war reclaim vt.要求归还,要求收回; reclaim sth backaccommodate 1.容纳=contain(物); 2.给sb提供居所(人);3.使适应adapt/ condition/ adjust/ accommodate/ condition oneself/sth to调节自己以适应; be apt to do 易于;往往commode n.无斗橱,衣柜;commodity n.商品;commodious adj.宽敞的accompany vt.陪伴accompany sb to sp; company 1公司2伙伴;Two is company;three is none. 两人成伴,三人不欢accord vt.授予n.一致; cord n.细绳,细线;accord/award/grant/give sb sth 授予某人某物in accord with sb和…保持一致; in accordance with = according to 根据with one accord adv.一致; of one’s own accord 自愿的,自发的accomplish vt.完成,达到,实现; complete;accomplish one’s purpose; sense of accomplishment 成就account n.帐目accountant 会计师; count v.数1.take…into account 考虑到= consider;2.account for a.占(比例)b.解释;There is no accounting for tastes. 爱好是不需要解释的3.on this/that account 因为…原因; on no account 决不accumulate vt.(逐渐)积累; -cumul 累积,积累; cumulative 累积的,积累的accumulate riches/a fortuneaccuse vt.指责,指控; curse 咒骂,诅咒;accuse sb of sth= charge sb with sth 指控某人某事; charge for 收费;sue sb for sth 起诉…; prosecute sb for sth 起诉(超纲)accustomed adj.习惯了的; custom 风俗,习俗; used to do 过去常常do sthbe accustomed to doing= be used to doing习惯于do;achieve vt.取得; ache 疼痛; achieve one’s purpose; achievement 成就headache, backache, toothache; No ache, no achievement.accomplish 完成,实现complete; accomplish one’s purposeaccomplishment 成就attain a.vt.实现,完成,取得; b. vi.达到,到达attain (to)(答案)attain one’s purpose attainment 造诣;attain (to) the mountain top 到达山顶;attain (to) manhood 进入成年期; attain (to) perfection 臻于完美acknowledge vt.承认; knowledge 知识; acknowledge doing;admit doing/to doing (被迫)承认;confess doing/to doing (罪行的)承认,忏悔acquaint vt.结识,使熟悉,使了解;acquaint oneself with sb/sth= be acquainted with sb/sth= be familiar with sb/sth 了解...acquaintance n.[u]熟悉,了解[c]熟人;have a bowing/nodding acquaintance with sb 和sb点头之交make an/the acquaintance of sb; make a friend of sb;make a fool of sb 愚弄sb; make a habit of doing 养成一个习惯acquire vt.(通过努力)获得-quire 追求acquire a degree/language(褒义)inquire 询问,调查; require 需要,要求; get (最泛的)得到obtain (通过某种具体的方式)得到obtain a wallet/lessonsecure adj.安全的vt.确保得到; secure a ticketactual adj.实际的; the actual head of the firm; actually adv.实际上= in fact;act vi.行动,表演; action n.行动,行为; active adj.积极的,主动的activity n.行为,活跃; actor/actress n.演员,女演员react v.反应react to reaction n.反应;counteract vt.反作用于,抵消; counteract poison 解毒counteraction n.counter n.柜台counter-相反的,对应的counterpart n.对应的角色; countersign n.口令,暗号counterfeit n.假钞,赝品-feit 钱; adj.假冒的,伪造的vt.假冒,伪造forfeit 罚金; counter-clockwise 逆时针的;transact v.交易; transaction n.交易acute adj.1急性的2敏锐的3强烈的; 1.an acute disease 反义词:chronic;2.an acute sense of smell;3.acute painadapt vt.使适应= adjust/accommodate/condition使适应apt 1.(人)聪明的,敏捷的= clever; 2.be apt to do有做sth的趋势adapt oneself to (只能接人,侧重结果)adopt sth 采纳,接受adopt sb’s advice;adopt sb 领养adopt an orphan; an adopted son 养子adoptive parents 养父母; opt/option/optional 选择additional adj.增加的,额外的= extraaddress v.发表演讲,做演讲; vt.称呼address sb as; n.地址(不重要); dress 衣服address to sb at a meeting 在会上发言adequate adj.1令人满意的satisfying; 2.足够的(质量)an adequate husband 令人满意的老公; an adequate salary 足够的薪水equal adj.平等的,等同的; sufficient adj.足够的enough(数量)insufficient= deficient 不足的;proficient n.adj.擅长(的),精通(的); be proficient/skilled/expert at/inample adj.大量的,丰富的; abundant adj.大量的,丰富的adhere vi.粘附,坚持adhere to 坚持; adhere to the original plan坚持原计划stick to=adhere to ; cling to a.指人-(固执)坚持b.粘在…上insist on 坚持(主张); persist in doing sth 坚持继续dopersevere in doing (坚韧不拔的)继续做; severe 严酷的adjust vt.调整,调节(可接人,可接物,侧重过程) ; adjust a microscope/telescope adjust oneself to 调整自己以适应…; adjust sth tojust adj.正直的,公正的,合理的; a just judge;a just sentence 公正的判决; a just claim 合理的要求;justice n.公正,正义,合理administer vt.管理; minister n.部长,大臣; administration n.管理MBA=Master of Business Administrationadmire vt.钦佩,羡慕; envy vt.忌妒envy sb’s good luck; appreciate 欣赏admit v.1承认admit doing/to doing (被迫)承认; 2.允许进入-mit=go;admission n.允许an admission test 入学考试=entrance testacknowledge doing; confess doing/to doing (罪行的)承认,忏悔permit sb to do 允许transmit a disease 传播疾病; transmit televised signals 传送电视信号submit to sb= surrender to= give way to= give in to 屈服于sb;omit 1遗漏,忽略2省略(故意的);emit vt.发射= send out; emit light 发光adolescent n.青少年; scent 香水,香味adopt vt.采纳,收养-opt 选择; adopt sb’s advice 采纳意见adopt an orphan 收养孤儿; adopted son 养子; adoptive parents 养父母advance v.前进; vt. 提出= put/ bring forward; n.前进;进步van- 前锋,先驱;make progress/advance; advance to; advanced adj.先进的,高级的advantage n.优势disadvantage 劣势adventure n.冒险(运动); venture n.(事业)冒险; a joint venture 合资企业advertise v.做广告; advertisement n.广告advisable adj.明智的= sensible; advise v.建议; advice n.建议advisor n.顾问; advisory adj.顾问的advocate vt.倡导,提倡advocate sth; vocal adj.嗓音的,发音的affect v.1感动affect/move sb; be affected by a story; 2.影响(贬义)Smoking is apt to affect one’s health. 吸烟往往影响人的健康.effect n.have an effect on sb/sth;influence n. (中性) have an influence on sbaffection n.爱= love; win sb’s affections赢得sb的爱;affectionate adj.慈祥的,恩爱的; affectionate eyes/parents/couples affiliate vt.附在n.分支机构,子公司,分公司; affiliate A to B= attach A to B固定在a middle school affiliated to Renmin University人大附属中学affluent adj.富有的,富裕的; fluent adj.流利的; flu 流感live in affluent circumstancesafford v.承担的起,负担的起agency n.代理机构XinHua agency; a news agency;agent n.代理人 a housing agentagenda n.议事日程; on the agenda根据议事日程aggravate vt加剧,加重,恶化; aggravate an illness 加重病情grave n.坟墓adj.严重的,重大的; grave news 重大新闻aggression n.1.进取心,上进心2.挑衅,侵略-gress 滚动,走aggressive adj.1.有进取心的; 2.挑衅的,侵略的congress 会议,国会; progress 进步; regress 退步agony n.剧痛pain/suffering; in agony;aid v.帮助; n.帮助; come to sb’s aid/rescue 来帮助/拯救sbalarm n.警报;vt.使恐慌sound/give an alarm; an alarm clockA Fare Well to Arms 永别了武器alert vt.使警觉alienation n.疏远; alien n.外星人,外国人; adj.陌生的; alienate vt.使疏远alike adj.(表语)adv.相同,相似; treak sb alike 同样的对待sblike vt.喜欢prep.像...一样adj.相似的; Like father,like son.likely adj.有可能be likely to do; adv. Most likely, S+Vallege vt.宣称,认为; assume 认为(观点的提出); allege 认为(断言,宣称)assert 认为(没有证据的断言); claim 认为(声称)argue 1.主张,认为;2.(口)争执,争论; 3. 支持/反对argue for/againstappreciate 理解,欣赏,增长;感激(口)imagine 想象,翻译成认为; consider 考虑,翻译成认为我认为用: believe; hold that...; be of the opinion that...allocate vt.分配,分发; be located in= be situated in 坐落于allowance n.零花钱,津贴,补贴; allow 允许; dress allowance;a housing allowance 住房津贴; entertainment allowance 招待费ally v.结为联盟n.同盟国,支持者; rely vi.依赖,依靠rely onalter v.改变(部分,程度) alter one’s trousersalternate v.轮流使用; adj.轮流的alternate kindness with severity恩威并施alternative n.替代物,选择余地,选择方法have no alternative but to do别无选择dovary vt.使多样化vi.浮动vary one’s diet 使自己的饮食多样化vary from A to B; vary between A and B; variety n.多样化,多样性range v.浮动,变动n.范围,领域range from A to B ; range between A and Bmodify 改进modify the law修订法律convert (两种事物之间的)转变convert some dollars into RMB;convert defeat into victory 转败为胜; convert criminals 改造罪犯altitude n.海拔高度attitude 态度; longitude 经度; latitude 纬度amateur adj.业余的an amateur player; professional adj.专业的amaze vt.使惊异be/feel amazed; astonish vt.使惊愕be/feel astonished ambitious adj.雄心壮志的,野心勃勃的; ambition n.抱负,雄心;野心a soaring ambition 凌云壮志; a modest ambition 一个中庸的志向amendment n.修订,修正案; mend 修理; amend v.修订; repair 修理bill议案→act法案→amendment修正案; a pair of; impair 损害ample adj.大量的,丰富的abundantamplify v.扩大amuse vt.娱乐,使愉快; amusement n.娱乐;Muse 缪斯(掌管音乐,诗歌的神); music 音乐analysis n.分析analyze vt.分析ancestor n.祖先forebear =forefather= ancestor=predecessor 祖先,前辈offspring=descendant=posterity后代,子孙; post doctorate 博士后学位ancient adj.古代的antique 古董anguish n.痛苦,苦恼agony, suffering; vt.使极苦闷vi.感到痛苦; angry n.生气anniversary n.周年纪念annoy vt.激怒,使苦恼irritate provokeannuity n.年金,养老金annual adj.每年的anticipate v.1提前做好准备(考); 2= expect预料,期待(不考)I don’t anticipate/expect too much trouble./A good general should be able to ancitipate the enemy’s actions.anti- 1.反anti-war 反战; 2.= ante-= an- 前面,提前ancient ancestor ; anterior to 比…更早,在…前面=prior tosuperior to 级别的高于,优于; inferior to 低于,劣于posterior to 在…后面,较晚的apparatus n.1一套仪器,一套装置a heating apparatus 一套供暖设备2.器官=organ; digestive apparatus/organ消化器官instrument 1科学仪器2乐器intricate/delicate instruments 复杂/精密utensil 器皿,厨房器具kitchen utensils; equipment 装备(集合n.)appliance 电器household appliances 家电; apparatus 成套的仪器apparent adj.1表面的apparent indifference 表面的冷漠;2明显的apparent difference 明显的不同appear v.1看上去,似乎(=be)2出现; It is apparent to us that...transparent adj.透明的appeal vi.appeal to 1.对…有感染力/吸引力; 2.诉诸,求助于3.呼吁,请求Shakespeare’s works appeal to us a lot. 莎士比亚的作品对我们很有感染力appeal to the law/arms 诉诸法律/武力;appeal to the judge for mercy 请求法官给予怜悯resort to/turn to/appeal to 求助于coch 公鸡peacock 雄孔雀; hen 母鸡peahen 雌孔雀chick peachick 小孔雀appetite n.胃口,欲望pet 宠物; appetizer 饭前开胃菜; dessert 饭后甜点have an appetite for 有…的欲望applause n.鼓掌,掌声; plausible adj.有理由的,合理的; applaud v.鼓掌appliance n.电器apply 应用applicable adj.适用的,可应用的;apply apply for a visa 申请签证; apply to teaching/practice 应用于applicant n.申请者; application n.申请;applicable adj.适用的,可应用的; be applicable toapply oneself to +n. 忙于…; apply one’s energies to +n. 忙于…appoint vt.1任命2约定,约会; appoint sb to a vacancy; appoint a time/a placeappointment n.1任命; 2约会(date 男女约会)have an appointment with sb.disappoint vt.使失望; disappointment n.失望appraisal n.评价,评估; appraise vt.评价,评估;to appraise sb’s achievements/performance 评价sb的成就/表现praise vt.n.赞扬,赞美; estimate 估计assess 评价; asset 资产; possess 拥有possessions 财产to assess sb’s assets/possessions; evaluate 评价value 价值appreciate vt. 1.理解I appreciate your anxiety about your son’s illness.我很理解你的焦虑2.增值preci-=price; precious=valuable 宝贵的; invaluable 无价的depreciate 贬值3.感激appreciate sth; I appreciate your help a lot.(不能接人)4.欣赏,鉴赏to appreciate English poems.approach v.接近approach to sb; Winter is approaching.an approachable teacher 和蔼可亲的老师make approaches to sb 追求sb,设法博得sb的好感appropriate adj.适当的,恰当的(文); on an appropriate occasion 适当的场合; vt.挪用proper adj.适当的,恰当的(口语); property n.财产,所有权approve vi.同意,许可approve of sb’s marriage ; vt.批准,通过agree to/with; consent toapt adj.1聪明的,敏捷的an apt student;2有…趋势的,倾向于…的be apt to do opt vi.opt for E as my majoradopt 采取,接受;领养; adapt 使适应arise vi.出现arose arisen; appear= come up= spring up= turn up= emerge出现A new difficult has arisen at the meeting.rise vi. rose risen 上升; raise vt.升起,使出现arouse vt.激起,引起=cause; arouse sb’s indignation 义愤;arouse sb’s suspicion 怀疑; arouse sb’s concern 关注array n.系列an array of books一套图书; of its own accord 自愿的,自发的.A series of circumstances has enabled justice to act of its own accord;一系列的环境使正义能够自发的产生作用.a set of; a train of; a succession of; a sequence of; an array of; a series of arrest n.v.逮捕arrogant adj.高傲的article n.1.文章2.物品artificial adj.人工的,非自然的,假的; artificial flowers/leather 假花/人造革artificial satellite 人造卫星; natural 自然的; counterfeit 假钞fake adj.假的,伪劣的,仿冒的v.伪造forged 假的 a forged diploma假文凭; sham adj.假的,伪造的fabricated adj.捏造的,编造的 a fabricated story 编造的报导piratical 盗版的pirate n.海盗vt.盗版; simulate vt.模拟,仿造genuine 真正的genuine leather真皮ascend v.上升; ascend the stairs; ascend the throne 登基ancestor祖先; descend 下降descendant 后代ashamed adj.羞愧的be ashamed of; be acustomed to doing 习惯于sham adj.假的,伪造的,仿冒的; shame n.羞耻;shameful adj.可耻的(行为); a shameful cheat on examsshameless adj.无耻的(人)be sure/afraid/certain/ashamed/confident/convinced/envious/contemptuous of主观感受形容词用ofaspect n.方面-spect 看; respect n.方面vt.尊重; expect 期待inspect 检查,视察; prospect 前景,前途; introspect 内省;retrospect 回顾;spectacle 景观; spectacles 眼镜; spectator 观众viewer/audiencespectacular adj.壮观的; perspective 观点assault vi.(猛烈的)攻击; attack vi.进攻,攻击; raid vi.袭击;assault/attack/raid on sbassembly n.(人)集合,集会,大会; sem-=sim-=same;be similar to相似的; simulate模拟;the freedom of assembly集会的自由; the General Assembly联和国大会an assembly line/shop 生产线/车间assemble vt.(人)召集,聚集,集中;(物)组装to assemble the pupils for a game; to assemble a machineassert vt.认为,断言; allege 认为; insert 插入assessment n.评估assess 评估asset n.资产常用复数assets; assess sb’s assets/possessionsassignment n.1.分配,委派2任务,作业; assign vt.分配,分发= allocate;assign/allocate sb to do; assign/allocate sth to sbsign 签名; resign 辞职,放弃; design 设计assist vt.帮助=help; assist sb with sth; assistant n.助手insist 主张,坚持,认为insist on doingconsist of vi.组成(无被动形式);The class(个体) consists of 100 students(整体).(整体)+be made up/composed/constituted/comprised of +(个体)persist 坚持(继续) persist in doing;resist vt.抵制,反对resist the temptationassociate v.1.交往,来往associate with sb; 2.vt.使联系,使联合associate A with Badj.副的associate professors 副教授association n.1.交往2.联想3.俱乐部,协会; socia-社交society n.社会; social adj.社会的,社交的Ants are social animals.群居动物assume 1.假设2.认为3.承担; assume one’s office 就职; resume sth (回来)继续;assumption n.假设,观点,承担; presume 假设An accused man is generally presumed (to be) innocent until his guilt proved.consume 1.耗尽use up/run out/exhaust; 2.消耗,消费be consumed with envy 妒火中烧; consumer 消费者time-consuming labor-consumingassure vt.保证assure sb of sth; assure sb that s’+v’insure sth against 给sth投保; insurance company保险公司ensure sth/that s’+v’确定,确信guarantee=warrant 保证,担保; warranty of quality质量保证书astonish vt.使惊愕amaze vt.使惊异astronaut n.宇航员,太空人; astro- 星体; astronomer 天文学家; astronomy 天文学astronautics 航天学; aeronautics 航空学astrology 占星术Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronauticsdisaster 灾难catastrophe 灾难attach vt.粘; attach A to B= affiliate A to B; attach a label to one’s luggageattach much importance to…重视; attach oneself to…深深的依恋/眷恋detach 断开,分开attain 1.vt.取得,完成2vt/vi.到达,达到attain (to) perfection臻于完美attain one’s purpose; achieve=accomplish=attain vt.取得,得到attain(到达)→obtain(得到)→pertain(属于)→entertain(娱乐)→retain(保持)→contain(容纳)→maintain(保养)→sustain(维持)→detain(耽搁)→abstain(戒除)attempt v.1.试图attempt to do ; 2.努力endeavor to do=try to do=make efforts to do tempt v. 诱惑; temptation n.诱惑; resist temptationcontempt n.鄙视; be contemptuous of adj.鄙视的contemptible adj.令人鄙视的attend vi.1.关注,应对,处理,应对attend to; attend to an emergency matter处理attend to a sick man 照顾病人; pay attention to 关注vt.2.出席attend a meeting; attend Harvard 上哈佛; attend school 上学tend 1.趋势tend to do往往…; 2.vt.照顾,照料look aftertend the cattle照顾牛群tendency n.趋势; tender adj.(sb)仁慈的,和蔼的;(sth)娇嫩的intend to do;intend doing 打算intention(n.打算,目的); intentional(故意的,有意的);intensive(精深的,深入的);intensive reading 精读; intensive investigation 深入调查extend 延伸extend the railway;extension(range范围,领域)→extensive(广泛的); extensive reading泛读pretend to do 假装; contend v.竞争contend against/with sbexpand(扩展,扩张) →expansionattract vt.吸引vi.有吸引力,引起注意;She was attracted by the novel advertisement.attraction n.吸引; attractive adj.吸引人的,有魅力的extract vt.拔出; n.节选; abstract 提炼,摘要,抽象;distract 分散注意力; contract vi.收缩,挤压; n.合同attribute v.归功于,归属于,归因于attribute sth to sb;attribute one’s success to good lucktribute n.贡品distribute sth to 分发,分配; contribute to vi.1为…做贡献2.有助于Good luck contributes to one’s success; 3.vt.捐助sth; contribute sth tocontribute a sum of money to the refugeesauction n./vt.拍卖audience n.观众(集合); auditor 听众,审计员;an auditor 一个观众; visitor 参观者audible 听的见的; visible 看的见的;aduitory 听觉的visual 视觉的auditorium 报告厅,演讲厅; gymnasium体操馆,健身房=gymstadium 露天体育馆; oceanarium 海洋馆aquarium水族馆authority n.权力,权威; right 权利; author n.作者; authority n.权威[c][u]be an authority on English; be an expert at/inbe under the authority of sb 受sb的管理authorities n.政府,当局; the local authorities地方当局authorize vt.授权authorize sb to do= entitle sb to do= delegate sb to doauthentic adj.正宗的automatic adj.自动的ATM-Automatic Teller Machine; automobile 汽车=auto(美)AT-automatic gear-shift; MT-manual gear-shiftautomate(d) v.使自动化; autobiography 自传autonomy adj.自治的; autonomous region 自治区;nominate vt.提名; synonym 近意词; sympathy 同情auxiliary adj.辅助性的,帮助性的an auxiliary verb 助动词available adj.可使用的,可得到的; be available for;avail vt.使用,有利于; Married But Available(搞笑MBA)avert vt.避免avert from; be averted by doing; avoid doing 避免award vt.授予n.奖品; accord/grant/award/give sb sth 授予,给予capture the first award夺得一等奖; reward vt.n.回报reward sb sth aware adj.意识到的be aware/conscious of/that s’+v’He was aware of being watched.awful adj.可怕的=terrible; awe 敬畏;可怕; awfully adv.非常,极其I’m awfully sorry. 非常对不起awkward adj.1.设计不良的(物) an awkward bridge 2.笨拙的(人) an awkward man3.尴尬的awkward silenceB(08-3-3)bachelor n.学士,单身汉baggage n.行李bald adj.秃头的; bold adj.勇敢的,冒失的ban vt.禁止,特指政府法规的禁止; ban sb from doingprohibit sb from doing 正式的禁止; prevent sb from doing 口语中stop sb from doing ;keep sb from doing; forbid sb to do ; bid 命令Forbidden City 紫禁城bankrupt n.破产者; vt.使破产; adj.破产的,完全丧失-rupt =break;erupt= break out 突然爆发disrupt 分裂break away from; corrupt adj.腐败的vt.使腐败barely adv.几乎不; bare adj.裸露的(用法比较宽泛); naked/nude 裸露的(指人) bare-fisted 赤手空拳的; bare-footed光着脚丫的;bare-headed没戴帽子的; white-haired白发苍苍的grayscarcely/seldom/narely/rarely/hardly 很少,几乎不(半否定词) bargain n.划得来的交易,便宜货; It’s a real bargain…barrier n.障碍; barrier to 通往…的障碍; a barrier to successobstacle to…// obstruction to 障碍base n.基础,基地(具体事物的基础); vi.建立在…基础上a military base 军事基地; You must base your theory base on practice.Your theory must be based on practice.basis n.基础(抽象); on the basis of practicebear vt.忍受,承担; bear a burden 承受负担;endure 长期忍受during 在...期间; put up with 忍受tolerate vt.容忍+ 人的行为做宾语beforehand adv.提前= in advancebehalf n.利益; in behalf of 为了...的利益; on behalf of 代表;because – be the cause ofbeing n.生命,存在= existence; 人(只能指人和动物); a human being 一个人come into being 形成,存在; creature 生物(只能指人和动物) belong vi.属于belong to; belongings 随身携带的物品;earnings/gainings 收入; cleanings 垃圾; savings 积蓄bend v.弯曲endless 无穷的beneficial adj.有益的,有好处的; bene- 好的; benefactor 恩人,慈善家benediction 好的言辞,祝福; pronounce benediction 祝福祈祷mal- 坏的maltreat 虐待; be beneficial to 对…有益/好处benefit n.利益,好处vt.有利于,有益于; vi. benefit from 从…获得好处beside prep.在…旁边besides prep./adv.除…之外(还有); except 除…之外(没有)Except Tom, nobody is present.; Besides Tom, Johns is present. betray vt.背叛,出卖,暴露; bet 打赌; ray 光线betray Jesus to his enemies 出卖给敌人; betray oneself 暴露了自己betray one’s identity 暴露了自己的身份;betray one’s principles 背叛自己的原则bias n.偏见,偏爱have a bias against/towards sb/sth;biased/ prejudiced adj.态度题干扰项bid vt.命令,出价,投标; abide by 服从; bid on a bridge/project 投标…bill n.议案,帐单,钞票(口); billfold 钱包;act 法案; amendment 修正案; pay the telephone billbind vt.捆绑bound bound; bound 弹跳; be bound to do 一定要做sth find-found found 建立wind-wound上发条,蜿蜒; wound 伤grind-ground 磨刀; ground 大地A be bound up with B. A和B密不可分be bound for 定期驶往.for 强调目的性sail for...; set out for…; make for…blame vt.责怪; blame sb for sth 因为sth责怪sbsb be to blame for sth 无被动,用主动!!; scold reproachblank adj.空白的; a white piece of paper 一张白纸a blank piece of paper 一张空白的纸give sb a blank cheque/look 空白支票/茫然的看了sb一眼blast n.一阵(风),爆炸,冲击波; vt.爆炸= explode= blow up= burst; last 持续bleak adj.萧瑟的(天气阴冷的),凄凉的; bleak prospects 黯淡的前景block vt.封锁,阻止,常跟from; lock 锁bloom v.(使)繁荣,(使)开花; room; loom n.织布机v.隐隐出现boom 迅速,繁荣; a booming city 一个发展迅猛的城市groom 新郎bride 新娘blunder n.大错误board n.板aborad 在船/飞机上boast vi.吹嘘; There is nothing to boast of/about…bold adj.勇敢的/鲁莽的n.粗体bond n.契约,约束bonus n.奖金,红利dividend n.分红,红利boom v.迅速,繁荣 a booming city 一个发展迅猛的城市boost vt.推动booth n.摊位a telephone booth电话亭bore vt.使厌烦; boring 令人厌烦的bored 感到厌烦的interesting-interested; surprising-surpisedbother v.烦扰brother 兄弟bound adj.被束缚的n.跳,范围vi.弹跳; rebound 反弹; boundary n.边界brain n.大脑drain 阴沟,下水道; brain drain 人才流失breach n.缺口,违背; vt.打破,突破breed vt.繁殖,抚养breed cattle;an Englishman (born and bred)一个土生土长的英国人raise 饲养(动物),种植(植物),筹集(钱); bring up 抚养bribe n.vt.贿赂rib 肋骨; bride 新娘brief adj.简短的n.摘要,大纲vt.摘要; To be brief ,s+v= In brief , s+v 简言之broad adj.宽阔的; broad-minded 心胸宽广的; narrow-minded 心胸狭窄的abroad adv.到国外; board 板aboard 在船/飞机上brutal adj.畜生的,禽兽的,残忍的; brute n.畜生; cruel adj.残忍的mercy n.怜悯merciless adj.残忍的; salvage adj.野蛮的; n.野人budget n.预算vi.做预算; bud n.蓓蕾vi.发芽,萌芽burden n.担子,负担,责任,义务; vt.使负担,给予麻烦burden a horse with a load bureau 1.办公桌2.处,局; board of directors 董事局,董事会;board of election 选举委员会burst v./n.爆炸explode ;blow up;blastburst with anger 勃然大怒; burst into tears 放声大哭burst into the room 闯入房间by-business n.副业; vocation 职业; avocation 副业;political 政治的apolitical 非政治的by-law n.公司章程by-product n. 副产品C(08-4-3)cabinet n.小木屋;信号房;橱柜;内阁; Uncle Tom’s Cabin汤姆叔叔的小屋booklet 小册子; piglet 小猪; islet 小岛cabinet 橱柜-内阁; board 会议桌-领导机构; bureau 写字台-处,局chamber 卧室-议院,议会; the upper/lower chamber 上/下议院cable n.光缆cable TV 有线电视calculate vt.计算,估计; vi.认为; reckon估计suppose 认为campaign n.战役,运动; camp 营地; campus 校园; a political campaign 政治运动an advertising campaign 广告活动; promotion campaign 促销活动cancel vt.取消,删除candidate n.候选人,考生capable adj.有能力的be capable of doing(可指人,指物); = be able to do(指人)handicap 残疾,障碍capacity n.能力,容量; This auditorium has a seating capacity of 500auditorium 演讲厅,报告厅-ium 建筑物;stadium 体育馆,体育场(露天的); gymnasium 健身房oceanarium 海洋馆; aquarium 水族馆captive n.俘虏abuse captive 虐俘capture vt.占据;抓; capture a city 占据一个城市; capture a thief 抓了一个贼capture several captives 抓俘虏; capture sb’s heart 赢得sb的心capture the first prize/award; capture a new marketcareer n.事业care 小心,认真cargo n.(运输途中的)货物; a cargo plane/ship; freight (美语) (运输途中的)货物carve vt.雕刻,切开; vi.雕刻case n.例子;病例;案例;情况; a case in point is that…一个明例是...a case of flu 一个流感的病例; a criminal case 刑事案件in case of +n.…万一,以防; in case that s’+v’You’d better take an umbrella in case of rainIn case of fire ,please dial 119. ; In case that there is a fire,please dial 119.in this case;in that case; in any case 无论如何in no case= under no circumstances= by no means = on no account决不I shall surrender in no case.cash n.现金in cash ; by cheque; May I pay by cheque.casual adj.偶然的,偶尔,邂逅; a casual glance/meeting 不经意的一瞥casualty n.伤亡casualty list 伤亡名单cater vi.迎合cater to/for; cater to low tastes迎合低级趣味cater to universal tastes 迎合大众口味caution adj.谨慎的; be cautions of …对…谨慎cease vt.停止; cease fire 停火; stop to do/doing; cease to do/doing celebrate v.庆祝accelerate 加速cement n.水泥vt.加固; cement the friendship with sbconsolidate vt.加固; solid 固体; reinforce 加固,增援centigrade n.摄氏度Fahrenheit 华氏度ceremony n.典礼,仪式,礼节; stand on ceremony 拘泥于礼节certificate n.证明材料; certify v.证实; certain adj.肯定的a birth certificate 出生证明; health certificate 健康证明challenge n.挑战champion 冠军characteristic n.特征adj.特有的; character 人物,性格; leading characters 领衔主演Mr J’s character is passioncharge vt.收费charge sb 50 pence; 指控charge sb with sth= accuse sb of sth n.收费; additional chargescharity n.救济,慈善(团体) live on charitycharming adj.迷人的a charming lady; harm 伤害; fancinating令人着迷的attractive 吸引人的,有吸引力的chase vt.追逐; purchase 购买; purse (女士)钱包; chase the cattle away check n.支票by check ; in cash ; vt.克制,抑制; check one’s impulse 克制冲动cheque n.支票cherish vt.珍惜,珍爱,怀有; prize n.奖品vt.珍惜; value n.价值vt.珍惜treasure n.财宝vt.珍惜chief adj.首席的CEO=Chief Executive Officerchronic adj.慢性的; acute 急性的,剧烈的; an acute disease ; a chronic disease circular adj.圆形的,环形的; circle n.圆圈; cycle n.v.循环bicycle - bike ; tricycle - trike ; a circular roadcirculate v.流通blood circulation 血液循环circumstance n.环境,情形; under/in these circumstances; under no circumstances 决不civil adj.民事;文明的;国内的; criminal n.罪犯;adj.刑事的;civil case民事案件have a civil/rough tongue 说话文明/粗鲁civil war 内战; civilize vt.使文明; civilization n.文明claim vt. 声称,主张,认为; acclaim 欢呼; proclaim 宣布clarify vt.澄清clear 清楚的clash n.冲突,和…冲突; lash 猛抽,猛砍,猛击have a clash with sb; have a conflict/collision with sbbe in conflict/collision/clash with…和…冲突be in accord/agreement/line with…和…一致contradiction 反驳,矛盾; contrary 相反的contrast 对立的,反差的classical adj. 古典; classic 经典; cllassify 分级,分类; first-class teachers clause n.从句,条款client n.顾客,当事人customer patronclimax n.高潮climb+maxi; maxi-大的; micro-,mini-小的microphone miniscope 显微镜tele- 遥远的telescope telephone televisionmaxieconomics 宏观经济学heliport helicopter airport; motel motor hotelsmog smoke fog; netizen net citizen; sexpert sex expert(专家) cling vi.粘紧,附着,坚持; cling to adhere to stick toclue n.线索; a clue to ; not have a clue 毫无头绪clumsy adj.笨拙的coarse adj.沙哑的; a coarse throat 沙哑的喉咙; coarse foods 粗粮coarse/refined wine 劣酒/佳酿; coarse manners 粗俗的行为code n.编码,代码zip code 邮编coincidence n.凑巧What a coincidence! coincident 巧合的incident (大,小)事件accident 事故; by accident= by chance 偶然的collaborate vi.合作collaborate withcollapse vi.坍塌,崩溃He collapsed at the sad news.; lapse 小错误; blunder 大错a lapse of the tongue/memory/pen 口误/记错/笔误colleague n.同事; league 同盟; workmate 同事; deskmate 同桌classmate ; schoolmate; homemate;fellow teacher ; fellow doctors ; fellow prisoners 狱友collide vi.相互碰撞,冲突; lid 盖子combat n./v. 打斗campaign 战役combine vt.联合combine A to Bcomfort vt使舒服comfortable 舒服的command 命令command sb to do; commander 司令; commander-in-chief 总司令comment n.评论; make a comment/remark about/on; no comment 无可奉告vi.评论comment oncommercial adj.商业的; commerce n.商业commit vt. give ; -mit= go; commitment 承诺,约定,责任commit a crime/an error 犯罪/犯错; commit a suicide(自杀) 自杀commit sth to paper 记下; commit sth to pan 记下,写下commit a child to sb 把孩子委托给sb; commit oneself to sth致力于sthcommit sth to flames 付之一炬,焚烧give;committee委员会; employee 雇员commodity n.商品commerce 商业; commode 橱柜; commodious adj.宽敞的accommodate 容纳communicate vi.交流,通讯; telecommunication= telecom 电信;Unicom 联通unicommunication; the United Statescommunity n.社区,交往的圈子commute vi.定期往返于,通勤; commute between A and Bcompanion n.伙伴[c]; company [u] ; accompany vt.陪伴compare vt.比较; compare A with B 把A和B比较; compare A to B 把A比作B para- parallel 平行; paramount 最高级的,最重要的,一流的paraphrase 替换表达; paragraph段落; graph 图表-graph 写,画compassion n.同情; passion 激情; compassionate adj.同情的sympathy n.同情,同情心; sympathize with vi.同情,同感,共鸣compatible adj.相容的compatible with; pat 轻轻拍打compensate vi.补偿,赔偿; pension 养老金; compensate for= make up for 补偿…competent adj.称职的,有能力的,胜任的; adequate 1称职的,胜任的2.足够的competition n.竞争; compete with 竞争; compete against sb 和sb竞争competitive adj.有竞争力的; competitor n.竞争对手compile vt.1编纂2罗列,编排; pile v.堆;compile a list of dishes/books 罗列一个菜/书单complain vi.抱怨plain adj.明白的n.平原; complain of/about sth 抱怨sthcomplaint 投诉complement vt.补充; n.补足物complete 完成complex adj.复杂的(结构)complicated adj.复杂的(形式);involved be involved in 卷入; an involved sentence一个复杂句sophisticated 尖端的,高级的(sth);世故的人,精明的(sb)freshman 大一新生sophomore 大二。

Aabandon vt 放弃give upquit quite相当desert dessertabide abide by the law/disciplineobeyconform tocomply withabnormal ab-偏离norm标准normal正常的abnormal minded变态aboard a-状态。

的Welcome aboard！欢迎登机！asleep alone alive ashore（shore）blackboardabolish vt废除，取消a-否定前缀born abortion apolitical不关心政治的atonal无调的bor-出生abolish capital punishment废除死刑capitaldo away with ===cancelabound vi盛产This river abound in fish. 一帮的abundant adj 大量的，丰富的一帮蚂蚁This river is abundant in fish。

enough sufficient ampleabroad adv 在国外go home go abroad study abroadoverseas live overseasoverseas students the students studying overseasbroad广阔的broadcast广播absolutely 绝对的，solve 解决resolve 坚决solution 解答，解决方案solvable 可解决的absent 缺席的present出席be present at a meeting send派遣absent minded心不在焉的absorb vt 吸收absorb noise sorb（朔吧）be absorbed in watching TV沉浸于absorbing吸引人的an absorbing filmabstract 提炼，摘录要点，抽象tractor tract-拖，拉extract拔出，节选distract分散注意力protract延长prolongcontract压缩，合同absurd 荒谬的偏离surerational理性的rational nationals理性的国民abuse 滥用，虐待偏离useabuse one’s wife/authority/captivesdrug abuseacademic academy（专业）院校a military academyuniversitycollegeinstitute研究院MIT BIT 北京理工大学西安工业大学academic degree/costumes/saminars/termsaccelerate 加速ac-语气的加强celer-速度speed up slow down 放慢access cess-succeed success suc-=sub-proceed to 继续process过程in process ofexceed超出excessrecede 退回recession economic recession re-回，反precede 在之前precedent先例concede妥协，让步concessionacclaim 欢呼claim声称，要求proclaim宣布reclaim抗议，改造accommodate 容纳，提供住处，使适应commodadaptadjust调整condition调节，条件air conditioneraccommodateaccompany 陪伴~sb to spcompany 公司，伙伴，陪伴Two is company，three is none。

2012年考研英语阅读热点词汇汇总教育词汇education学历educational background教育程度educational history学历curriculum课程major主修minor副修educational highlights课程重点部分curriculum included课程包括specialized courses专门课程courses taken所学课程courses completed所学课程special training特别训练social practice社会实践part-time jobs业余工作summer jobs暑期工作vacation jobs假期工作refresher course进修课程extracurricular activities课外活动physical activities体育活动recreational activities娱乐活动academic activities学术活动social activities社会活动rewards奖励scholarship奖学金"Three Goods" student三好学生excellent League member优秀团员excellent leader优秀干部student council学生会off-job training脱产培训in-job training在职培训educational system学制academic year学年semester学期〔美〕term学期〔英〕president校长vice-president副校长dean院长assistant dean副院长academic dean教务长department chairman系主任professor 教授associate professor副教授guest professor客座教授lecturer 讲师teaching assistant助教research fellow研究员research assistant助理研究员supervisor 论文导师principal中学校长〔美〕headmaster中学校长〔英〕master小学校长〔美〕dean of studies教务长dean of students教导主任probation teacher代课教师tutor家庭教师governess女家庭教师intelligence quotient(IQ) 智商pass及格fail不及格marks分数grades分数scores分数examination考试grade年级class班级monitor班长vice-monitor副班长commissary in charge of studies学习委员commissary in charge of entertainment文娱委员commissary in charge of sports体育委员commissary in charge of physical labor劳动委员Party branch secretary党支部书记League branch secretary团支部书记Commissary in charge of organization组织委员Commissary in charge of publicity宣传委员degree学位post doctorate博士后doctor(Ph.D)博士master硕士bachelor学士student学生graduate student研究生abroad student留学生returned student回国留学生foreign student外国学生undergraduate大学肄业生senior大学四年级学生；高中三年级学生Junior 大学三年级学生；高中二年级学生Sophomore 大学二年级学生；高中一年级学生Freshman 大学一年级学生Guest student旁听生〔英〕Auditor 旁听生〔美〕government-supported student公费生commoner自费生extern走读生day-student走读生intern实习生prize fellow奖学金生boarder寄宿生classmate同班同学schoolmate同校同学graduate毕业生scholar 学者Internet词汇internet, internet work, interconnection network 互联网, 又名互连网。

D字母1. damage vt.损坏，损害dam agen.大坝n.年龄to damage the furniture 损坏家具to damage sb’s health 损害健康damage vt.损坏，损害destroy vt.（强力）毁灭，（强力）摧毁ruin vt.（完全）毁灭，（完全）摧毁spoil vt.①宠坏；②（抽象）搅了，破坏Spare the rod and spoil the child. 闲置了棍子，宠坏了孩子。

His arrival spoiled our party. 他的到来破坏了我们的聚会。

wrek vt.使（交通工具）损坏，使失事The ship was wreked. 这条船失事了。

impair vt.损害（抽象）undermine vt.(暗中)破坏2. dash [dæʃ] vi.猛冲vt.猛撞The boat was dashed against the rocks. 这艘船猛撞在岩石上。

cash →rash →dash →crash →ashn.现金 a.鲁莽的vi.猛冲vi.猛撞n.灰烬splash →lash →slash →clash →smash →flash s p vt.泼洒vt.打,击vt.用刀砍,用鞭抽vi.冲突vt.砸碎vt.闪过水泼3. dazzle ['dæzl] vt.使目眩da zzle太热dazzling light 刺眼的光芒、眩目的光芒a dazzling lady 一个光彩照人的女人，一个令人神魂颠倒的女人dazzle vt.使目眩dazzling a.令人目眩的dazzled a.感到目眩的dazzle vt.使目眩drizzle ['drizl] n.毛毛雨vi.下毛毛雨faint a.晕眩的dizzy ['dizi] a.晕眩的dazzle vt.使目眩4. deadly a.致命的dead lya.无生命的ly一般为副词后缀，但有例外assemble vt.召集，集合；组装→assemble + ly assembly n.召集，集合；组装curly a.弯曲的curly hair 弯曲的头发fatal a.致命的 a fatal blow 致命一击mortal a.必死的vital a.①和生命相关的；②极为重要的deadly a.致命的deadly weapon 致命武器5. debate [di'beit] n.（fml）辩论，讨论de bate →向下削弱对方的气势向下vt.削弱，抵制debate n.（fml）辩论，讨论argument ['ɑ:ɡjumənt] n.①争论，争执；②论点；③论据dispute [dis'pju:t, 'dis-] n.①争论，争执；②争端，纠纷contention n.①争论；②竞争contend vi.①竞争；②争执，争论趋势，倾向debate n.争论，辩论（fml 大型会议上的）controversy ['kɔntrə,və:si] n.（长期的，公开的）争论，论战contro verse y相反的n.韵文，诗歌n.后缀6. decay [di'kei] v.(使)腐朽，(使)变质delay vt.耽搁，阻止，拖延a decaying tooth 一颗蛀牙（强调正在变坏）a decayed tooth 一颗蛀牙（强调已经变坏）decay v.(使)腐朽，(使)变质rot [rɔt] v.(使)腐烂 a roted apple 一个烂苹果（强调已经变坏）；a roting apple 一个烂苹果（强调正在变坏）hot a.炎热的deteriorate [di'tiəriəreit] vi.恶化de terior ate向下= terror ['terə] n.恐怖degenerate [di'dʒenəreitt] vi.(sb)退化，退步，堕落the degenerating younger generation 堕落的年青一代de generate →使产生向负面发展否定产生↓generate ['dʒenəreit] vt.产生gene ate →使有基因基因7. deceive [di'si:v] vt.欺骗to deceive sb into doing 欺骗某人做某事原来不做，进入到做的状态，所以用intoto deceive sb that s’+v’欺骗某人相信…cheat vt.欺骗deceive vt.欺骗swindle ['swindl] vt.欺诈，诈骗fraud n.诈骗deceive [di'si:v] vt. 欺骗，行骗→deceptive[di'septiv] a.欺诈的deception [di'sepʃən] n.欺骗，欺诈；骗术receive vt.①收到②招待→receptive [ri'septiv] a.善于接受的receipt [ri'si:t] n.收到；收据reception [ri'sepʃən]n.招待，接待reception hotel 招待所reception desk 接待处conceive vt.①怀孕②构想，构思→conceptive [kən'septiv] adj. 概念上的；有想像力的conception [kən'sepʃən] n. 怀孕；概念；设想perceive vt. 感觉，感知，感受→perceptive [pə'septiv] a.感知的，敏锐的，感知力强的perception [pə'sepʃən] n.感觉，感知8.decent ['di:sənt] a.体面的，优雅的de cent →得了钱的得美分to lead a decent lifte 过着一种体面的生活decentdecent a.体面的indecent [in'di:sənt] a.下流的，无耻的graceful a.优雅的disgraceful n.下流的gentle a.绅士的，文雅的elegant ['eliɡənt] a.优雅的9. decisive [di'saisiv] a.决定性的↓decide vt.决定，下决心decision n.决定a decisive battle 决战（决定性的战役）battle ['bætl] n.战役duel ['dju:əl] n.决斗10. decline [di'klain] n.①(逐渐)下降；②衰退，衰落vi.①下降；②衰退，衰落vt.婉拒de cline →向下倾斜向下倾斜sth/sb is on the decline (sth)正在下降(sb)正在衰退His father is on the decline.他父亲的身体越来越弱。

B字母1. bald [bɔ:ld] a.①秃头的，秃顶的；②明显的，赤裸裸的bold a.①勇敢的，勇猛的；②鲁莽的，厚颜无耻的；③黑体的，粗体的，醒目的b old不老的go bald （变得秃顶）泄顶The bald fact is that s’+v’明显的事实是…2. ban [bæn] n.(颁布)禁令vt.禁止（政府）颁to impose a ban on smoking颁布一条禁烟令(impose [im'pəuz] vt.强加)to ban sb from smoking in public places 禁止在公众场所抽烟forbid sb to do/forbid sb from doing vt.禁止prohibit sb form doing vt.①禁止(fml.法律)；②禁止(广)ban sb form doing vt.禁止（政府）prevent sb from doing vt.阻止preclude sb from doing vt.阻止stop sb from doing 阻止keep sb form doing 阻止3. bankrupt ['bæŋkrʌpt] a.破产的bank rupt→银行破裂了银行=break vt.①破裂；②突然一下子He went bankrupt. 他破产了bankrupt a.破产的bankruptcy ['bæŋkrəptsi] n. 破产to file for bankruptcy 申请破产=apply for 申请(file n.文档vt.递交文档)erupt=break out vi.爆发corrupt vt.使腐败corrupted officials 腐败的官员disrupt vt.使分裂，扰乱to disrupt a country 分裂一个国家interrupt vt.打断to interrupt sb’s talks 打断某人的谈话inter:①插入；②相互bankrupt a.破产的4. bare ['bεə] a.赤裸的，裸露的ba re贝儿bare fisted 赤手空拳的(fist [fist]n.拳头)bare footed 光着脚丫的a bare mountain top 一个光秃秃的山顶bare a.赤裸的，裸露的naked ['neikid] a.赤裸的，裸露的nude [nju:d] a.赤裸的，裸露的bald a.赤裸的，裸露的bare a.赤裸的，裸露的barely ['bεəli] ad.几乎不，勉强He could barely write. 他几乎不会写字。