倒装、强调和省略装、强调和省略倒装 Inversion英语的一般语序(自然语序Natural Order)为：主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语（或表语） + (状语等附加成分)。
有时为了语法上或修辞上的需要而改变这种语序。
一、语法倒装1. 句首是由某些表示地点状语的副词开头，或者方位副词、介词短语放在句首时，主谓全部倒装(Full Inversion)。
比如：here, back, down, off, in, up，hence, then, thus, often, so，out, up, away, on等，通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时，谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。
主语为主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。
Here is your letter. 这是你的信。
Down came the rain. 下雨了。
Hence comes the name magnet. 由此得名“磁铁”。
Into the sky went the plane. 飞机飞向天空。
Away went the girl to the school! 这个女孩到学校去了！Off goes the woman! 那个女人走了！2. 以there开头，表示“….有….”, “There+be+主语”结构；在正式文体中，当主语不明确是一个很长的名词短语时，用“there+不及物动词+主语”结构。
There are more important matters we need to discuss.我们有很多重要的事情需要讨论。
There entered a strange little man.走进来一个奇怪而身材矮小的人。
3. 主语 + live, stand, lie, sit 等动词+（介词）地点状语的结构中常采用倒装语序。
正常语序：An old temple stands at the top of the hill.倒装语序：At the top of the hill stands an old temple.山顶上有座古庙。
强调句③did用于对实义动词一般过去时肯定句的强调。
It is (was) +被强调部分+that(who)…句型的变式It is (was) + 被强调部分+that(who)…句式基本特征：Is/ Was it +被强调部分+that…；或情态动词+it+ be+被强调部分+ that…①Was it in 1969 ________ the American astronautssucceeded _______ landing on the moon ?A. when; onB. that; onC. when; inD.that; in②Could it be in the restaurant in ______ you haddinner with me yesterday ______ you lost yourhandbag?A. that; whichB. which; thatC. where; thatD. that; where特殊疑问句形式句式基本特征：特殊疑问词+is/was it that…？或特殊疑问词+情态动词+it+be++被强调部分+that…—_______is it _______has made Peter _______heis today?—Determination.A. What; that; thatB. That; that; whatC. What; what; thatD. What; that; what反意疑问句形式句式基本特征：It is/was+被强调部分+that…，isn’t/ wasn’t it？It was Alice and her boyfriend who sent the old manto the hospital, ______?A. do theyB. didn’t theyC. wasn’t itD.was it强调句与其它句型的结合与名词从句的结合句式特征为：整个强调句型用作名词性从句或者在强调句型中含有名词性从句。
特殊句式1.特殊句式包括：①强调句①倒装句①省略句①祈使句①感叹句①附加疑问句2．高考考查热点：①强调句中的it和that①特殊句式中的there be①一些常用的固定表达结构高频考点突破考点1倒装句一、完全倒装完全倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。
此结构通常只用于一般现在时或一般过去时。
二、部分倒装部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分，如助动词或情态动词，置于主语之前。
如果句中的谓语部分不含有助动词或情态动词时，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。
将下列句子变为倒装句①She didn’t have supper until her mother returned.→Not until her mother returned ．①I hardly think it possible to finish the job before dark.→Hardly ．①He learned the sad news only after the war.→Only after the war ．①He speaks English so clearly that he can always make himself understood.→So clearly ．【答案】1.did she have supper2.do I think it possible to finish the job before dark3.did he learn the sad news4.does he speak English that he can always make himself understood考点2强调句强调句型的基本结构单句语法填空/补全句子①It was when I got back to my apartment I first came across my new neighbors.①It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house __we saw Lily in the passenger seat.① the noise of the street stopped.直到午夜，街上的嘈杂声才停止。
