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牛津译林版八年级下册Unit5 Reading2同步课时练习一、根据句意和汉语提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。
1. Don't leave the tap running again, or I won't ________（原谅）you a second time.2. Your mother will become really angry if you don't ________（表现）better.3. Thank you for encouraging me to keep trying ________（直到）I succeeded at last.4. You really shouldn't ________（撞击）into people when they are in your way.5. _______（正如）the old saying goes,“Old habits die hard. ” So start exercising before it's too late!二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.-You should avoid ________（push) past others in public.-I see. I know it is good manners to be patient.2.I'm sure you like some ________（subject). I like maths and English.3.As the ________（say) goes, “Seeing is believing. ”4. Remember to send my warmest ________（greet) to your family.5. When in Rome, do as the ________（Roman) do.三、从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语并用其正确形式填空（每个词或短语只能用一次）。
Unit 2 the environment1 Then we will open the floor for discussionOpen the floor 自由发言I will open the floor to answer any question you might haveThe discussion yesterday was really dull! We were just listening to him talking and talking.Why not he _________ to everybody else?A open the floorB sweep the floorC hold the doorD have the floor2. waste1) n. 废物, 浪费, 垃圾Industrial waste must be prevented from polluting our rivers.人们应当禁止工业垃圾污染我们的河流。
2) adj. 废弃的, 荒芜的, 多余的The boy threw it away, thinking it was waste paper.那个男孩以为它是废纸，把它扔掉了。
3) vt. 浪费, 消耗, 使荒芜(waste time in doing sth.)There is no use wasting time in discussing how it happened.浪费时间讨论它是如何发生的是没有用的。
3 amount表示“大量的”，修饰不可数名词；在句中时，由amount(s)来决定动词的单复数。
A large amount of money is needed badly.人们急需大量的金钱。
Large amounts of time are spent going over the lessons for the final exams.为了期末考试，花大量的时间来温习功课。
Unit2 p29-34madam/ ˈmædəm; ˋmædəm/ n(also Madam) [sing] (fml 文) (polite form of address to a woman, whether married orunmarried, usu sb one does not know personally 对女子的敬称, 对已婚未婚者均可使用, 通常用於不相识者): Can I help you, madam? 小姐, 您有什麽事? * Dear Madam, ie used like Dear Sir in a letter 敬启者（用於信中, 如同Dear Sir）* Madam Chairman, may I be allowed to speak?主席先生, 我可以发言吗? Cf 参看miss2 2.[C] (infml derog 口, 贬) girl or young woman who likes to get her own way 自行其是的年轻女子: She's a real little madam!她可真是个我行我素的小姐![C esp sing 尤作单数] woman who is in charge of a brothel 鸨母.arrival/ əˈraɪvl; əˋraɪvl/ n[U] act of arriving 到达; 抵达: Cheers greeted the arrival of the Queen. 一片欢呼声欢迎女王莅临. * On (your) arrival at the hotel please wait for further instructions. （你）抵达旅馆後, 请听候进一步指示. * to await arrival, ie (on a letter, parcel, etc) to be kept until the person to whom it is addressed arrives 待领（写在信件﹑包裹等上面的字样, 意为等候收件人前来领取）.[C] person or thing that arrives 到达的人或物: Late arrivals must wait in the foyer. 来晚的人要在门厅等候. * We're expecting a new arrival (ie a new baby) in the family soon. 我们期待着家中不久将添一个新生儿.clean (sth) up (a) remove (dirt, rubbish, etc) from a place to clean it; make (a place) clean by removing dirt, etc 除去（污物﹑垃圾等）把一地方打扫乾净; 除去污物等使（一地方）乾净: The workmen cleaned up (the mess) before they left. 工人们清理（杂物）後就走了. * clean up (a room) after a party聚会後（把房间）打扫乾净. (b) (infml口) make or win (a lot of money) 挣得或赢得（很多钱）: He cleaned up a small fortune. 他发了一笔小财. clean sth up remove criminals, harmful influences, etc from sth 从某事物中清除罪犯﹑有害影响等: The mayor is determined to clean up the city. 市长决心清除市内的不良现象. * a campaign to clean up (ie reduce the amount of sex and violence shown on) television清除电视中不良现象的运动（减少播放色情和暴力的节目）.arrest/ əˈrest; əˋrɛst/ v [Tn]seize (sb) with the authority of the law 依法逮捕, 拘留, 扣留（某人）: After the matchthree youths were arrested. 比赛过後有三个青年被捕.(fml 文) stop or check (a process or movement) 阻止或抑制（进展或运动）: Attemptsare being made to arrest the spread of the disease. 现正设法遏止这种疾病的蔓延. attract (sth) 吸引（某事物）: An unusual painting arrested his attention. 一幅异乎寻常的画引起了他的注意.> arrest n1 act of arresting (arrest 1) 逮捕; 拘留: The police made several arrests. 警方逮捕了好几个人.2 stoppage 停止: The patient died after suffering a cardiac arrest, ie when his heart stopped functioning properly. 病人患心搏停止而死亡（心脏停止跳动）.3 (idm 习语) be/place sb/put sb under arrest be/be made a prisoner 被逮捕; 被拘留; 成为囚犯: I am placing you under arrest for attempted burglary. 我按企图盗窃罪逮捕你. * You are under arrest. 你被捕了.arresting adj attracting attention; striking 引人注意的; 显着的: an arresting smile引人注目的微笑.illegal/ ɪˈliːgl; ɪˋliɡl/ adj against the law; not legal 不合法的; 违法的.> illegality / ˏɪlɪˈgælətɪ; ˏɪlɪˋɡælətɪ/ n[U] state of being illegal 不合法; 违法.[C] illegal act 非法行为.illegally / -gəlɪ; -ɡlɪ/ adv: an illegally parked car违章停放的汽车.customs/ ˈkʌstəmz; ˋkʌstəmz/ n [pl]taxes payable to the Government on goods imported from other countries; import duties进口税; 关税: pay customs on sth为某物缴纳进口税.(also the Customs) government department that collects these taxes 海关: TheCustoms have found heroin hidden in freight. 海关查出了隐藏在货物中的海洛因. * How long does it take to get through customs? ie have one's baggage examined by customs officers at a port, airport, etc 海关检查要用多少时间? * [attrib 作定语] a customs officer, search, check 海关官员﹑检查﹑查验* customs duty, formalities, etc海关税﹑手续等. Cf 参看excise1.# `customs house office, esp at a port, where customs duties are collected （尤指港口的）海关.`customs union agreement between states on what customs duties are to be paid on each other's goods 关税联盟（国与国之间就双方货物的徵税问题缔结的协定）.feather11 / ˈfeðə(r); ˋfɛðɚ/ nany of the many light fringed structures that grow from a bird's skin and cover its body羽毛. =>illus 见插图.(idm 习语) birds of a feather => bird. (be) a `feather in one's cap anachievement, etc that one can be proud of 可引以自豪的成就等: Winning the gold medal was yet another feather in her cap. 夺得金牌是她又一值得骄傲的成就. light as air/as a feather => light1. ruffle sb's feathers => ruffle. show the white feather => show2. smooth sb`s ruffled feathers => smooth2. you could have knocked me down with a feather => knock2.> feathery / ˈfeðərɪ; ˋfɛðərɪ/ adj1 light and soft like feathers 轻而软的; 似羽毛的: feathery snowflakes羽毛般的雪片.2 covered or adorned with feathers 长着羽毛的; 饰有羽毛的: a feathery hat饰有羽毛的帽子.# ,feather `bed mattress stuffed with feathers 羽绒褥垫. ,feather-`bed v (-dd-) [Tn] make things easy for (sb), esp by helping financially; pamper 使（某人）安逸或予以方便（尤指资助）; 娇养: They have been so feather-bedded in the past that they can't cope with hardship now. 他们一直娇生惯养, 所以现在过不了苦日子.`feather-brained adj (derog 贬) foolish; silly 愚蠢的; 没头脑的.`featherweight n 1 boxer weighing between 53.5 and 57 kilograms, next above bantamweight 次轻量级拳击手（体重在53.5至57公斤间, 高於最轻量级）.(a) (infml 口) thing or person that is light in weight 重量轻的物或人. (b) (infml derog口, 贬) thing or person of little merit or importance 微不足道的事物或人.feather2/ ˈfeðə(r); ˋfɛðɚ/ v[Tn] cover or fit (sth) with feathers 将羽毛覆盖或装在（某物）上: feather an arrow给箭装上翎.[I, Tn] (in rowing) turn (one's oar) so that it passes flat just above the surface of thewater （划船时）将（桨叶）持平（略出水面而与水面平行）: The crew feathered (their oars) for the last few yards of the race. 在划船比赛到最後几码时, 全体队员回桨时把桨叶持平. (idm 习语) feather one's (own) `nest (usu derog 通常作贬义) make oneself richer,more comfortable, etc, usu at sb else's expense 使自己更富足﹑更舒适等（通常指牺牲他人的利益）; 中饱私囊. tar and feather sb => tar1vtortoise/ ˈtɔːtəs; ˋtɔrtəs/ n slow-moving four-footed reptile with a hard shell 陆龟; 龟.# `tortoiseshell / ˈtɔːtəʃel; ˋtɔrtəˏʃɛl/ n[U] hard shell of certain turtles, esp the type with yellow and brown markings, used tomake combs, etc 玳瑁壳: [attrib 作定语] a hairbrush with a tortoiseshell back背面镶玳瑁的发刷.[C] cat with yellowish-brown markings 有黄棕色花纹的猫.[C] type of butterfly with brownish markings 一种有棕色花纹的蝴蝶.blanket/ ˈblæŋkɪt; ˋblæŋkɪt/ nthick woollen covering used, esp on beds, for keeping people warm 毛毯; 毡子: It'scold I need another blanket. 太冷了--我再要一条毯子.(fig比喻) thick covering mass or layer 覆盖着厚厚的块或层: a blanket offog/cloud/smoke/snow一层雾[云/烟/雪].[attrib 作定语] covering all cases or classes; general; comprehensive 包括一切情形或种类的; 总括的; 综合的: a blanket agreement/term/rule一揽子协议[总的条件/总则]. (idm 习语) be born on the wrong side of the blanket => born. a wet blanket=> wet.> blanket v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (in/with sth) cover sth completely 完全覆盖某物: The countryside was blanketed with snow/fog. 乡村被雪[雾]覆盖着.impress/ ɪmˈpres; ɪmˋprɛs/ v[Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (with sth) have a favourable effect on sb; make sb feel admirationand respect 给予某人深刻印象; 使某人钦佩而起敬: The sights of the city never fail to impress foreign tourists. 外国游客无一不对该市留有深刻印象. * The girl impressed her fiance's family with her liveliness and sense of humour. 姑娘又活泼又富幽默感, 未婚夫家人十分喜欢她. * We were most impressed with/by your efficiency. 你的工作效率很高, 我们极为钦佩.[Tn.pr] ~ sth on/upon sb fix sth in sb's mind; make sb keenly aware of sth 使某人铭记某事物; 使某人深深意识到某事物: His words impressed themselves on my memory. 他的话铭刻在我的记忆里. * The manager impressed on his office staff the importance of keeping accurate records. 经理让办公室职员认识到做精确记录的重要性.[Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (in/on sth) press sth hard into a soft surface, leaving a mark 用硬物压入软物表面而留下痕迹; 盖印: designs impressed on/in wax在蜡板上压印出的图样. > impress / ˈɪmpres; ˋɪmprɛs/ n (fml 文) mark left by pressing sth hard, eg a seal, into asoft surface 压痕, 印记（如印章的印记）.clap1/ klæp; klæp/ v (-pp-)(a) [Tn, Tn.p] ~ sth (together) strike (the palms of one's hands) together 拍（手）;鼓（掌）: She clapped her hands in delight. 她高兴地拍起手来. * They clapped their hands in time to the music. 他们随着音乐的节拍鼓起掌来. (b) [I, Tn] do this continually to show approval of (sb/sth); applaud 不断鼓掌以示赞许（某人[某事物]）; 鼓掌欢迎: The audience clapped (her/her speech) enthusiastically. 听众热情地（为她[为她的讲话]）鼓起掌来. [Tn.pr] ~ sb on sth strike or slap sb lightly with an open hand, usu in a friendly way（用手掌）轻轻拍打某人（通常为友好地）: clap sb on the back轻拍某人的背.(idm 习语) clap/lay/set eyes on sb/sth => eye1. clap hold of sb/sth (infml 口)seize sb/sth suddenly or with force 突然或用力抓住某人[某物]: Here, clap hold of this!喂, 抓住这个! clap sb in/into jail, prison, etc (infml 口) put sb in prison quickly (often without a trial) 迅速将某人关进监狱（常未经审讯）.(phr v) clap sth on (sth) (infml 口) add sth to the price of sth, esp in an unwelcomeway 涨价, 提价（尤指不得人心的）: The Government has clapped an extra ten pence on a packet of cigarettes. 政府对每包香烟额外提价十便士. (be) clapped out (Brit infml 口) (of people or things) completely worn out or exhausted （指人）筋疲力尽; （指物）破烂不堪: a clapped-out old bicycle破烂不堪的旧自行车.> clap n1 [sing] act or sound of clapping (clap1 1a) 鼓掌; 掌声: Let's give her a big clap, ie applaud her. 咱们给她用力鼓掌.2 [C] ~ on sth friendly slap 善意的拍打: give sb a clap on the back在某人背上拍一下.3 [C] sudden loud noise 突然的巨响: a clap of thunder雷鸣.clap2/ klæp; klæp/ (also the clap) n [U] (sl俚) venereal disease, esp gonorrhoea 花柳病; （尤指）淋病.economic/ ˏiːkəˈnɔmɪk, ˏekəˈnɔmɪk; ˏikəˋnɑmɪk, ˏɛkəˋ-nɑmɪk/ adj[attrib 作定语] of economics(1), or of an economy 经济学的; 经济的: thegovernment's economic policy 政府的经济政策* economic development 经济发展* economic sanctions, ie punishment of another country by reducing or stopping trade with it经济制裁.[attrib 作定语] connected with trade and industry 与贸易和工业有关的: economicgeography, ie studied mainly in connection with industry 经济地理.designed to give a profit 为获取利润的; 有利可图的: an economic rent, ie one thatbrings the owner at least as much money as he has spent on the house 有利可图的租金（给业主带来至少相当其花费於该房产的钱者）* It is not always economic for buses to run on Sundays. 公共汽车星期日行驶不一定准能赚钱.conflict/ ˈkɔnflɪkt; ˋkɑnflɪkt/ n [C, U](a) struggle; fight 斗争; 战斗: soldiers involved in armed conflict遭遇武装冲突的士兵.(b) (fig 比喻) serious disagreement; argument; controversy 冲突; 争执; 争论; 论战: a long and bitter conflict between employers and workers劳资双方旷日持久的激烈争执. (of opinions, desires, etc) opposition; difference; clash （意见﹑慾望等）不合, 分歧, 抵触: the conflict between one's duty and one's desires 责任与慾望之间的矛盾* a conflict of interests, ie between the achievement of one aim and that of another 利害冲突* Your statement is in conflict with the rest of the evidence. 你的陈述同其余证据有矛盾.> conflict / kənˈflikt; kənˋflɪkt/ v [I, Ipr] ~ (with sth) be in opposition or disagreement; be incompatible; clash 不合; 不一致; 冲突; 抵触: A and B conflict/A conflicts with B. A和B相冲突. * The statements of the two witnesses conflict. 两个证人的证词不一致. * Their account of events conflicts with ours. 他们对事件的说法与我们的说法截然不同.queue/ kjuː; kju/ nline of people, vehicles, etc waiting for sth or to do sth （人或车辆等的）长列, 行列: By7 o'clock a long queue had formed outside the cinema. 到7点钟时, 电影院门外已经排成了长队. * People had to stand in a queue for hours to buy a ticket. 人们买票得排几小时的队. * Is this the queue for the bus? 这是等候公共汽车的队吗? * a queue of cars at the traffic-lights交通灯前的一长列汽车.(idm 习语) jump the queue => jump2.> queue v [I, Ipr, Ip] ~ (up) (for sth) wait in a queue 排队等候: We queued for an hour but didn't get in. 我们排队等候一小时也没进去. * Queue here for a taxi. 等候出租汽车在此排队. * They're queuing up to see a film. 他们排着队等候看电影.desertificationde·sert·i·fi·ca·tion /dɪˌzəːtɪfɪˈkeɪʃən US -ˌzəːr-/n[U]technicalthe process by which useful land, especially farm land, changes into desertcrop/ krɔp; krɑp/ n(a) [C] amount of grain, hay, fruit, etc grown in one year or season （谷物﹑乾草﹑水果等一年或一季的）收成, 产量: the potato crop 马铃薯的产量* a good crop of rice 稻谷的丰收* a bumper (ie very large) crop 特大的丰收* [attrib 作表语] a crop failure歉收.(b) crops [pl] agricultural plants in the fields 农作物; 庄稼: treat the crops with fertilizer 给农作物施肥.[sing] ~ of sth group of people or quantity of things appearing or produced at the sametime （同时出现或产生的）一群（人）, 一批（事物）: this year's crop of students 本届大学生* The programme brought quite a crop of complaints from viewers. 该节目招致观众诸多不满.[C] very short hair-cut 极短的发式; 平头.[C] bag-like part of a bird's throat where food is prepared for digestion before passinginto the stomach 嗉子; 嗉囊.[C] (also `hunting-crop) whip with a short loop instead of a lash, used by riders 猎鞭（骑手用的, 端部有小圈）.(idm 习语) neck and crop => neck.> crop v (-pp-)1 [Tn, Cn.a] (a) cut short (sb's hair or an animal's ears, tail, etc) 剪短（某人的头发﹑动物的耳朵或尾巴等）: with hair cropped (short)头发剪得很短. (b) (of animals) bite the tops off and eat (grass, plants, etc) （指动物）啃吃（青草﹑其他植物等）: Sheep had cropped the grass (short). 羊把草啃（短）了.2 [I] (of plants, fields, etc) bear a crop （指植物﹑田地等）收获: The beans cropped well this year. 今年豆子丰收.3 (phr v) crop up appear or happen, esp unexpectedly 出现或发生（尤指意外地）: All sorts of difficulties cropped up. 各种各样的困难意想不到地出现了. * The subject cropped up as we talked. 我们交谈时无意中涉及到了这个问题.# `crop-dusting, `crop-spraying ns [U] dusting/spraying of crops with fertilizer or insecticide, eg from low-flying aircraft 作物喷粉（如自低飞的飞机中喷撒肥料或杀虫剂）. fence11 / fens; fɛns/ nstructure of rails, stakes, wire, etc, esp one put round a field or garden to mark aboundary or keep animals from straying 栅栏; 篱笆; 围墙. =>illus at App 1 见附录1插图, page vi.(idm 习语) come down on one side of the fence or the other => side1. sit onthe fence => sit.> fence v1 [Tn] surround, divide, etc (sth) with a fence 用栅栏﹑篱笆﹑围墙等将（某物）围着或隔开等: Farmers fence their fields. 农人用篱笆把田地围起. * His land was fenced with barbed wire. 他的土地用铁丝网围着.2 (phr v) fence sb/sth in (a) surround or enclose sb/sth with a fence 用栅栏﹑篱笆﹑围墙等围着或圈起某人[某物]: The grounds are fenced in to prevent trespassing. 庭院用栅栏围着以防外人进去. (b) restrict the freedom of sb 限制某人的自由: She felt fenced in by domestic routine. 她觉得自己完全被家务事束缚住了. fence sth off separate (one area from another) with a fence 用栅栏﹑篱笆﹑围墙等将（某处）隔开: One end of the garden was fenced off for chickens. 花园的一端已用篱笆隔开来养鸡.fencing / ˈfensɪŋ; ˋfɛnsɪŋ/ [U] material used for making fences, eg wood, wire, etc 制做栅栏﹑篱笆﹑围墙等的材料（如木材﹑金属丝等）.fence22 / fens; fɛns/ v[I] (sport 体) fight with a long slender sword (foil, epee or sabre) 击剑.[I, Ipr] ~ (with sb/sth) be evasive; avoid giving a direct answer to a question(er) 回避; 避免作正面回答: Stop fencing with me answer my question! 别躲躲闪闪--回答我的问题!# fencer n person who fences (fence2 1) 击剑运动员.fencing n [U] art or sport of fighting with foils or other types of sword 击剑术; 击剑运动. =>illus 见插图.fence3/ fens; fɛns/ n person who knowingly buys and resells stolen goods 买卖赃物的人.soil/ sɔɪl; sɔɪl/ n [C, U]upper layer of earth in which plants, trees, etc grow; ground 土壤; 泥土; 土地; 地面:good, poor, sandy, etc soil 良土﹑瘠土﹑沙土* heavy soil 难耕的土地* clay soil 黏土* (rhet 修辞) a man of the soil, ie one who works on the land 庄稼人. =>Usage at earth 用法见earth.(fml 文) country; territory 国家; 国土; 领土: one's native soil 祖国* born on Britishsoil在英国出生.> soil v [I, Tn] (fml 文) (cause sth to) become dirty （使某物）变脏: This material soils easily. 这种料子不禁脏. * a basket for soiled sheets, ie used ones that are waiting to be washed 盛放待洗被单的篮子* He refused to soil his hands, ie refused to do dirty work. 他不愿把手弄脏（即拒绝干脏活）.bush/ buʃ; bʊʃ/ n[C] (a) low thickly-growing plant with several woody stems coming up from the root;shrub （有几个茎的）灌木: a rose bush 蔷薇丛* gooseberry bushes醋栗树丛. Cf 参看tree. (b) thing resembling this, esp a clump of hair or fur 类似灌木之物（尤指蓬乱的毛发或皮毛）.(often 常作the bush) [U] wild uncultivated land, esp in Africa, Australia and (withforests) Canada 荒野（尤指非洲﹑澳洲以及加拿大森林地区未开发的地方）.(idm 习语) beat about the bush => beat1. a bird in the hand is worth two in thebush => bird.> bushy adj (-ier, -iest)1 covered with bushes 长满灌木的.2 growing thickly; shaggy 茂密的; 粗而蓬乱的: a bushy moustache 粗而密的髭须* bushy eyebrows浓密的眉毛. bushiness n [U].# `bush-baby n small African lemur with large eyes and a long tail 灌丛婴猴（非洲的一种大眼长尾的小狐猴）.`Bushman / -mən; -mən/ n (pl -men) member of various S W African tribes living and hunting in the bush 居於西南非洲灌木丛林中以行猎为生的部族的人.,bush `telegraph process by which information, rumours, etc spread rapidly （消息﹑谣言等的）快速传播, 不胫而走.decrease/ dɪˈkriːs; dɪˋkris/ v [I, Tn] (cause sth to) become smaller or fewer; diminish （使某物）变小或变少; 减少: Student numbers have decreased by 500. 学生人数减少了500名. * Interest in the sport is decreasing. 人们对此项运动的兴趣已逐渐淡薄.> decrease / ˈdiːkriːs; ˋdikris/ n~ (in sth) (a) [U] decreasing; reduction 减少; 降低: some decrease in the crime rate犯罪率的少许降低. (b) [C] amount by which sth decreases 减少的量: a decrease of 3% in the rate of inflation 通货膨胀率降低3% * There has been a decrease in imports. 进口货物有所减少.(idm 习语) on the `decrease decreasing 在减少: Is crime on the decrease? 犯罪案件是否在减少?drill11 / drɪl; drɪl/ n tool or machine with a detachable pointed end for making holes 钻; 钻床; 钻机: a dentist's drill 牙钻* a pneumatic drill风钻. Cf 参看bit2 2.> drill v [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr] make (a hole, etc) in some substance, esp with a drill 钻（孔）, 打眼（尤指用钻机）: drill for oil 钻井探油* They're drilling a new tunnel under the Thames. 在泰晤士河河床下钻凿一条新隧道.drill2/ drɪl; drɪl/ n[U] training in military exercises 军事训练; 操练: New recruits have three hours of drilla day. 新兵一天有三小时的操练.(a) [U] thorough training by practical and usu repetitive exercises 练习: regular drill toestablish good habits有规则的训练以养成好习惯. (b) [C] such an exercise 训练; 练习: pronunci`ation drills发音练习.(a) [U] procedures to be followed in an emergency （紧急情况下的）步骤, 方法, 措施:`lifeboat drill救生艇上的应急措施. (b) [C] practice session to test people's knowledge of this 演习: There'll be a `fire-drill this morning. 今天上午有消防演习.the drill [sing] (Brit infml 口) correct procedure for doing sth 做某事的正确方法; 程序;步骤; 常规: What's the drill for claiming expenses? 费用报销的手续, 是怎样的? * learn, know, teach sb the drill学习﹑了解﹑传授某人做某事的正确方法.> drill v [I, Tn] be trained or train (sb) by means of drills 训练（某人）; 操练; 演习: The well-drilled crew managed to rescue most of the passengers. 训练有素的机组人员设法营救出了大部分乘客.drill3/ drɪl; drɪl/ nfurrow ?; 条播.machine for making furrows, sowing seeds in them and covering the seeds 条播机.row of seeds sown in this way 条播的一排种子.> drill v [Tn] sow (seeds) in furrows 条播（种子）.drill4/ drɪl; drɪl/ n [U] strong heavy linen or cotton cloth （粗斜纹的）麻布或棉布.drill5/ drɪl; drɪl/ n type of large African monkey 黑脸山魈（非洲产）.measure1/ ˈmeʒə(r); ˋmɛʒɚ/ v(a) [I, Ip, Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] ~ (sth) (up) find the size, length, volume, etc of (sth) bycomparing it with a standard unit 量度; 测量（某物）: Can you measure accurately with this ruler? 用这把尺子能量得准吗? * First measure (it) up, then cut the timber to the correct length. 先把尺寸量好, 再把木材锯成所需长短. * measure the width of a door, the level of an electric current, the speed of a car 测量门的宽度﹑电平﹑汽车速度* The tailor measured me (up) for a suit, ie measured my chest, arms, legs, etc. 裁缝给我量尺寸做衣服. (b) [Tn] (fig比喻) assess (sth); gauge 估计, 估量（某事物）; 衡量; 判定: It's hard to measure his ability when we haven't seen his work. 没有见过他的作品, 很难估计他的能力. [In/pr] be (a certain size, length, volume, etc) 为（某体积﹑长度﹑容积等）: The roommeasures 10 metres across. 这房间宽10米.[Tn] carefully consider (sth) 仔细考虑（某事物）: He's a man who measures his words.他是个用词很讲究的人. * She failed to measure the effect of her actions on her family. 她未虑及其行为对家庭的影响.[Tn.pr] ~ sth against/with sth/sb test sth through competition, conflict, etc （通过竞争﹑冲突等）考验某事物, 较量: measure one's strength against sb else 跟别人比力气* You have to measure your determination with that of other people. 你得与其他人较量一下决心了.(idm 习语) measure one's `length (joc 谑) fall flat on the ground 扑跌在地上.measure one's strength (with/against sb) compete with sb to see who is the stronger 与某人比强弱.(phr v) measure sth off mark out a length or lengths of sth 量出某物若干长度: Shemeasured off two metres of cloth. 她量出两米的布. measure sth out give a measured quantity of sth 给予某量的某物: measure out a dose of medicine 量出一剂药. measure up (to sth) reach the standard required or expected 达到或符合某标准: The discussions didn't measure up (to my expectations). 这些讨论有负（我的）期望.> measurable / ˈmeʒərəbl; ˋmɛʒərəbl/ adj1 that can be measured 可量度的; 可测量的; 可衡量的.2 noticeable; significant 明显的; 重大的: There's been a measureable improvement in his work. 他的工作已有很大改进. measurably / -əblɪ; -əblɪ/ adv.measured adj 1 (of language) carefully considered （指语言）仔细斟酌的, 慎重的: measured words斟酌过的词语. 2 slow and with a regular rhythm 缓慢而有节奏的: with a measured tread 以缓慢而匀称的步伐* with measured steps以整齐的步子. measureless adj that cannot be measured; limitless 无法测量的; 无可估量的; 无限的. measurement n1 [U] measuring 量度; 测量; 衡量: the metric system of measurement公制度量衡.2 [C] width, length, etc found by measuring （量得的）宽度﹑长度等: What is your waist measurement? 你的腰围是多少? * The measurements of the room are 20 feet by 15 feet. 这房间的面积是20英尺乘15英尺. * The width measurement is 80 cm. 宽为80厘米.# `measuring-tape n = tape-measure (tape).measure2/ ˈmeʒə(r); ˋmɛʒɚ/ n(a) [U, C] standard or system used in stating the size, quantity or degree of sth 计量制;量度法: liquid measure 液量* dry measure 乾量* Which measure of weight do pharmacists use? 药剂师用哪一种计量制? =>App 5 见附录5. (b) [C] unit used in such a standard or system 计量单位: The metre is a measure of length. 米是长度单位.[C] standard quantity of sth 标准量: a measure of grain, eg a bushel 一标准量的谷物（如一蒲式耳）* a measure of whisky, ie in England usu --- gill, in Scotland usu --- 一标准量的威士忌酒（在英格兰通常为---吉耳, 在苏格兰通常为---吉耳）.[C] instrument such as a rod, tape or container marked with standard units, used fortesting length, volume, etc 量具; 量器: The barman uses a small silver measure for brandy. 酒吧服务员用银质小量器量白兰地酒.[sing] ~ of sth way of assessing sth （估价﹑判断事物的）尺度, 标准: His resignationis a measure of how angry he is. 从他辞职一事可见其气愤的程度. * Words cannot always give the measure of one's feelings, ie show how strong they are. 言语往往不尽能表达自己的情感.[sing] ~ of sth degree of sth; some （事物的）程度, 地步: She achieved a measure ofsuccess with her first book. 她的第一部书就获得了一定程度的成功.[C usu pl通常作复数] action taken to achieve a purpose 措施; 步骤; 办法: measuresagainst crime 打击犯罪活动的措施* safety measures 安全措施* The authorities took measures to prevent tax fraud. 当局已采取措施防止偷税漏税. * The government has suggested measures (ie proposed laws) to reduce crime. 政府已提出遏止犯罪活动的法令. [U] (dated 旧) verse-rhythm; metre; tempo of a piece of music 诗的韵律; 音乐的拍节.(idm 习语) beyond `measure (fml 文) very great(ly) 非常地; 极其: Her joy wasbeyond measure. 她无比喜悦. * He fascinates me beyond measure. 他使我神魂颠倒. for good `measure as an extra amount of sth or as an additional item 额外的量; 外加的项目; 饶头: The pianist gave a long and varied recital, with a couple of encores for good measure. 那钢琴家的独奏演出会时间长﹑节目多, 还加奏了两支曲子. get/take the measure of sb assess sb's character or abilities 估计某人的性格或能力: It took the tennis champion a few games to get the measure of his opponent. 那网球冠军打了几局才摸清对手的实力. give full/short `measure give exactly/less than the correct amount 给足[少]分量: I'm sure the shopkeeper gave me short measure when she weighed out thepotatoes. 我肯定那店老板给我称土豆时?扣了分量. ,half `measure policy that lacks thoroughness 折衷的办法: This job must be done properly I want no half measures. 这工作必须按规矩做--我不允许做得马马虎虎. in great, large, some, etc `measure (fml 文) to a great, some, etc extent or degree 在很大的﹑某种的...程度上: His failure is in great/large measure due to lack of confidence. 他的失败在很大程度上是由於缺乏信心. * Her success is in no small measure the result of luck. 她的成功有不小的因素是靠运气. make sth to `measure make (a garment) after taking individual measurements 定做（衣服）: Do you make suits to measure? 你定做西装吗? * a made-to-measure suit量尺寸定做的西服.administration/ ədˏmɪnɪˈstreɪʃn; ədˏmɪnəˋstreʃən/ n[U] ~ (of sth) administering; giving 实施; 执行; 给予; 供给: be responsible for theadministration of justice, the law, charitable aid, an oath, a remedy负责赏罚﹑执法﹑慈善救济﹑主持宣誓﹑用药.[U] management of public or business affairs 公共事务的管理; 经营; 行政: He worksin hospital administration. 他从事医院管理工作. * Head teachers are more involved in administration than in teaching. 校长的行政工作比教学工作多.(often 常作the Administration) [C] (part of the Government that manages publicaffairs during the) period of office of a US President 美国总统任期; 美国总统任期内的政府: during the Kennedy Administration 在肯尼迪总统任期内* Successive administrations have failed to solve the country's economic problems. 历届政府均未能解决国家的经济问题.satellite/ ˈsætəlaɪt; ˋsætlˏaɪt/ n(a) natural body in space orbiting round a larger body, esp a planet 卫星: The moon isthe Earth's satellite. 月球是地球的卫星. (b) man-made device, eg a space station, put in orbit round a planet 人造卫星: a com,muni`cations satellite, ie one that relays back to the Earth telephone messages or radio and TV signals received from another part of the Earth 通信卫星. => illus at orbit见orbit插图.(also `satellite state) (usu derog 通常作贬义) country dependent on another morepowerful country and controlled by it 卫星国（依附於某大国并受其控制者）: the former USSR and its satellites前苏联及其卫星国.pick sb/sth out (a) choose sb/sth from a number of people/things 挑选出某人[某事物]: She was picked out from thousands of applicants for the job. 从数千申请人中挑选出她来做那份工作. * He picked out the ripest peach. 他把熟得最透的桃挑了出来. (b) distinguish sb/sth from surrounding people or things 分辨出某人[某事物]: pick out sb/sb's face in a crowd 在人群中认出某人[某人的脸] * It was just possible to pick out the hut on the side of the mountain. 那小舍座落在山边, 隐约可见. * The window frames are picked out in blue against the white walls. 蓝色的窗框衬在白墙上十分显眼. pick sth out (a) play (a piece of music), eg on the piano, esp hesitantly or by trial and error, without having written music to follow 凭记忆奏（乐曲）（如用钢琴）. (b) discover or recognize sth after careful study 细心研究後发现或领会某事物: pick out recurring themes in an author's work 领会出作者作品中反覆出现的主题思想* Can you pick out the operatic arias quoted in this orchestral passage?你能听出这段管弦乐曲里有歌剧式的咏叹调吗?pick sth over look carefully at (vegetables, fruit, clothing, etc) in order to select the best or throw away bad ones 检查（蔬菜﹑水果﹑衣物等）以挑出最佳者或剔除劣品: Pick over the lentils carefully in case there are any stones amongst them. 把这些豆子里的沙粒挑出去.typhoon/ taɪˈfuːn; taɪˋfun/ n violent tropical hurricane that occurs in the western Pacific 台风. Cf 参看hurricane, cyclone.flood1/ flʌd; flʌd/ v(a) [I, Tn] (cause a place that is usu dry to) be filled or overflow with water; inundate（使通常乾燥的地方）灌满水; 淹没; 泛滥: The cellar floods whenever it rains heavily. 一下大雨地窖里就灌满了水. * The river had burst its banks and flooded the valley. 河水冲破堤岸, 淹没了山谷. (b) [Tn] (of rain) fill (a river, etc) so that it overflows （指雨水）使（河流等）泛滥: streams flooded by violent storms因暴风雨而泛滥的河流.[Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr] ~ (sth) (with sth) cover or fill (sth) completely; spread into (sth) 铺满或充满（某物）; 扩展到（某物）: A powerful light flooded (into) the grounds. 有一道强光照进了庭院. * The place was flooded with light. 那地方十分光亮.[Tn, Tn.pr]~ sth (with sth) fill (the carburettor of a motor engine) with too muchpetrol so that the engine will not start 使（汽车发动机的汽化器）溢流.[Ipr, Ip, Tn] (fig 比喻) (of a thought or feeling) flow powerfully over (sb); surge over(sb) （指思想或感情）充溢, 涌现: A great sense of relief flooded over him. 他深感宽慰. * Memories of his childhood came flooding back. 他童年的往事涌上心头.(idm 习语) ,flood the `market (cause sth to) be offered for sale in large quantities,often at a low price （使某物）充斥（常指廉价）: Japanese cars have flooded the American market. 日本汽车已充斥美国市场.(phr v) flood in; flood into sth come to or arrive at (a place) in great quantities ornumbers 大量涌入（某处）: Applications flooded into the office. 申请书像潮水般涌进办公室. flood sb out force sb to leave home because of a flood 大水迫使某人离家: Half the village were flooded out by a burst water main. 由於总水管破裂, 半数村民被迫离开了家. flood sb/sth with sth arrive in great quantities for sb/at sth 给某人大量的某事物; 大量的某事物涌向某处: The office was flooded with complaints. 办事处收到如洪水般涌至的投诉信件.> flooding n [U] covering of an area of land that is usu dry with a lot of water, eg when a river overflows 泛滥: Widespread flooding is affecting large areas of Devon. 洪水泛滥, 淹没了德文郡的广大地区.flood2/ flʌd; flʌd/ n(a) (coming of a) great quantity of water, esp over a place that is usu dry 大量的水; 洪水; 水灾: The heavy rain caused floods in the houses by the river. 这场大雨下得河边的房子里都进了水. * There's a flood in the next valley. 旁边的山谷被水淹了. (b) the Flood (Bible 《圣经》) the one that was sent by God to punish mankind, as described in the Old Testament book of Genesis （《旧约?创世记》中所记载上帝藉以惩罚人类的）洪水.~ (of sth) great quantity or volume 多; 大批; 大量; 大: a flood of anger, abuse,indignation, etc 大发雷霆﹑大骂﹑满腔义愤* a flood of letters, refugees 大量涌来的信件﹑难民* The child was in floods of tears, ie was crying uncontrollably. 那孩子哭成了泪人儿.flowing in of the tide from the sea to the land; rising tide 涨潮: The tide is at the flood.正在涨潮. Cf 参看ebb n 1.(idm 习语) in `flood (of a river) overflowing （指河流）泛滥: We can't cross themeadow there because the river is in flood. 我们不能从那里穿过草地, 因为河水泛滥了. # `floodgate n1 gate that can be opened or closed to control the flow of water （水闸的）闸门.2 (idm 习语) open the floodgates => open2.`flood-tide n rising tide 涨潮.range1/ reɪndʒ; rendʒ/ n[C] connected line or row of mountains, hills, etc （山﹑丘等连贯而成的）脉, 排, 列,行: a mountain-range山脉.[C] group or series of similar things; selection or variety 成套或成系列的东西; 种类:sell/stock a whole range of tools, dresses, foods 出售[备有]各种各样的工具﹑服装﹑食品* The new model comes in an exciting range of colours. 这种新式样有各种鲜艳的颜色. * have a wide/narrow range of interests, hobbies, etc兴趣﹑爱好等甚广[不广].[C] limits between which sth varies; extent （种类或变化的）限度, 范围, 幅度, 程度: asoprano's range, ie between her top and bottom notes 女高音的音域* What is the salary range for the post? 这一职位的薪金幅度是多少? * The annual range of temperature is from -10C to 40C. 全年的温度较差为-10C至40C. * There's a wide range of ability in the class. 这班的水平差距很大. * That subject is outside my range, ie one I have not studied. 那个问题已超出了我的研究范围.。
Unit 5 Wild animalsR eading II &Task & Self-assessmentStep 1 Revision一、词汇、短语1.储存，节省vt.& vi. ________2.关闭的adj.________→关v.________3.迷路的，迷失的adj.________→失去v.________ 1.条纹2.一会儿,一段时间3.特性;才能4.猎人5.捉住,捕获6.狼7.厚的;密的;浓的8.失去,被……夺去;输掉9.生存,生计10.杀死11.人12.难过的,遗憾的13.遗憾,可惜14.卖,出售15.憾事;羞愧16.行动;表演17.疾病18.接受,收受1.与……同样__________2.在……的帮助下____________3.害怕____________4.get lost ____________二、句型1.它们能计算出简单的数学题。
They can __________________ easy maths problems.2.你知道蜜蜂从来不会迷路吗？Did you know that bees never ________ ________？3.蜜蜂总是按照原路返回。
Bees always come back ____________________________________ they went.4.但是有时候它们会忘记到哪里去寻找这些食物。
But sometimes they forget ____________ the food.Step 2 Language points1. close作形容词，意为“紧密的；接近的”；close还可作副词，意为“靠近，紧挨着”(反义词为far)。
be close to sb.与某人亲密；be close to sp.离某地近；get close to nature亲近自然【难点】当close表示店铺、公司等“停业；歇业；倒闭”时，多用主动表被动；当表示店铺、公司等“关闭(一段时间；不开放)”时，多用be closed表达。
