自考英语二串讲(珍藏版)

自考00015英语（二）串讲资料（3）第七题：英译汉主要特点：综合考查词汇和语法，注意定语从句、状语从句、比较级、倒装句的理解。

阅卷要求：根据总体印象打分，分为15-13分，12-10分，9-7分，6-4分，3-1分五个档次。

只要译文大体准确通顺即可得分，不要求译得非常漂亮。

结语知己知彼，百战不殆！II.重点语法复习动词时态和语态非谓语动词虚拟语气定语从句和名词性从句1.动词主要时态和语态表一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时主动：do did will do被动：are done were done will be done现在进行时过去进行时将来进行时主动：are doing were doing will be doing被动：are being done were being done现在完成时过去完成时将来完成时主动：have done had done will have done被动：have been done had been done现在完成进行时主动：have been doing动词主要时态的意义及运用现在完成时，过去完成时和将来完成时英语提示语：up to now，so far，for three years，since 1995，over past ten years，by the end of this week，by the year of 1995汉语提示语：已经，早已，了e.g.We haven‘t met each other since last year.By the end of this week，we‘ll have finished the task.现在完成进行时从过去一直持续到现在，没有间断。

汉语提示语：一直e.g.The water has been running the whole night. 过去完成时said，reported，thought。

自考“英语（二）”串讲资料语法主要考哪些项目？英语（二）最常考的语法项目包括：动词时态和语态、非谓语动词、虚拟语气、定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句、比较级、语序、主谓一致、强调句、基本句型。

* 最常考的时态：现在完成时、过去完成时、过去时、一般现在时和将来完成时。

* 最常考的非谓语动词：独立结构、动名词作某些动词的宾语、非谓语动词作定语和状语。

* 最常考的虚拟语气：与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的从句和主句。

* 最常考的定语从句：where 引导的定语从句、名词/代词+ of + which引导的定语从句。

* 名词性从句：what，whether 引导的主语或宾语从句、that 引导的同位语从句。

* 状语从句：now that，in that，in case，as，while 引导的状语从句。

哪些词最有可能考单词拼写？严格来说，只要是考纲中包括的词都有可能出现在单词拼写大题中，但是从历年考题可以看出，某些词的命中率要高于其它词，有些词甚至反复考过，这说明考生在背单词的时候还是可以在全面覆盖的基础之上突出重点、提高效率的。

在这里我们不可能一一罗列重要的词汇，下面是我总结的英语（二）常考单词的特点：* 绝大部分是长度在5-8个字母之间的中等难度的词，如：victim，gesture 等；* 拼写和读音不完全对称的词，如：dumb，subtle等。

* 个别非常简单、但课文中不是很常见的名词，如：tube.* 从词性上来看，最常考的依次是名词、形容词、动词、和副词。

在复习这些单词时，一定要以考试大纲为准，而不能只背教材后面的生词表。

一方面，教材后面的生词表中包含了不少超刚词，完全不会考到；另一方面，对英语（二）来说，从下册教材生词表中出的单词只占三分之一，不可能涵盖所有要考的内容。

同样在复习时一定要讲究准确性，确保背一个记准一个，而不能只是记个大概，最后写出来每个都差不多但每个都有错。

复习建议针对上述预测，我们如何制定冲刺阶段的复习计划呢？下面是我推荐的三步复习法。

英语二内容串讲阅读三重境界＊彻底糊涂：细节＊彻底明白：细节+主旨＊似懂非懂：翻译阅读四项能力词能、句能、篇能、考能词能第一一、五个猜词绝招1.利用上下文确定词义例1：He is successful as a businessman because of his dynamic personality. He seems to have unlimited energy.例2：Sociology is the term used to describe the scientific study of human society.例3：A first year college or university student is commonly a 'freshman', and 'sophomore', 'junior' and 'senior' designate the second—third—and fourth—year student.例4：The tired soldiers trudged through knee deep mud for hours before they found a dry place to sleep.2.利用构词法确定词义例1：Many cancers have been arrested with the use of chemotherapy.例2：They overestimate the interviewee's ability and asked too many difficult questions.例3：The murderer had developed a poison which could not be tasted or smelled when mixed with food. Because it was imperceptible, he was able to murder a number of people without being caught.3.利用语法知识确定词义例1：For their fishing and hunting the men used a kayak, a small boat for one person.例2：A solar eclipse—when the moon passes between the Earth and the sun—in an unusual and interesting phenomenon that occurs rarely.例3：Ventilation, as we know, is a system or means of providing fresh air. It plays a very important part in the field of engineering.例4：The modern age of medicine began with the stethoscope, an instrument for listening to a patient's heartbeat and breathing.4.根据同义、反义关系确定词义表示反义的信号词：in contrast, on the other hand, rather than, however, yet, although, while, unlike, but, whereas, as opposed to……例1：My sister Mane is an optimist, while her boyfriend is one who is always gloomy and expects the worst to happen.例2：Sally liked to concoct all sorts of stories, but her mother always knew when she was lying.例3：A gorilla always makes me think of the word aloof—not friendly, of distance from others.5. 利用逻辑推理和常识确定词义例1：Fishes live in water and have fins which help them to swim. Most fishes have slimy skins covered with scales, but in fishes such as eels the scales are very small and can hardly be seen.例2：Not wanting to disturb the sleeping kitten, I gingerly lifted her from the box and put her on a blanket near the heater.二、词的构成：常见的前缀和后缀前缀：改变词义，不改变词性后缀：改变词性，不改变词义前缀：en-/em-；否定前缀；后缀：名词后缀；形容词后缀；动词后缀；副词后缀前缀en-, em- “使…”enable v. 使能够eg: The pass enables me to travel half-price on trains.我用这张通行证坐火车半价。

自考英语二重点串讲英语（二）重点内容：Unit 1常考句子：1、A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that are available.决策是从那些可以得到可供选择的行动方针中进行抉择。

2、Although managers cannot predict the future, （but）many of their decisions require that they consider possible future events.虽然管理者们不能预见未来，但是他们的很多决策都要求他们考虑未来可能发生的事件。

Although he thought he was helping us with the job, he was only in the way.虽然他以为他在帮助我们干这件事，但他只是在碍我们的事。

3、Often managers must make a best guess at what the future will be and try to leave as litt le as possible to chance.通常管理者必须对未来的情况做出最佳的预测，使偶然性尽可能少地发生“as+形容词（副词）+as possible”尽可能地……；尽量4、If there is no choice, there is no decision to be made.如果没有选择，也就无法做出决策5、 For managers every decision has constraints based on politics, procedures, laws, precede nts and the like.对于管理者来说，每一个决策都要受到基于政策、程序、法律、惯例等方面因素的制约。

自考英语二作文串讲English:To effectively tackle the English II writing exam in the self-study program, it's crucial to adhere to a structured approach. Begin with understanding the essay prompt thoroughly, identifying the key points, and outlining your response accordingly. Craft a clear thesis statement that encapsulates your main argument or perspective. Develop your ideas logically and coherently, ensuring smooth transitions between paragraphs. Incorporate relevant examples and evidence to support your points, demonstrating a deep understanding of the topic. Pay attention to grammar, vocabulary usage, and sentence structure to convey your ideas accurately and effectively. Finally, conclude your essay by summarizing your main points and reiterating your thesis. By following this systematic approach, you can enhance the clarity, coherence, and persuasiveness of your essay, ultimately leading to a successful performance in the English II writing exam.中文翻译:为了有效地应对自学考试中的英语二写作考试，遵循结构化的方法至关重要。

最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：/wenkxd.htm（报名网址）Unit 980. The nearer a society approximates to zero population growth，the older its population is likely to be—at least，for any future that concerns us now.81. To these now familiar facts a number of further facts may be added，some of them only recently recognized.82. There is the appreciation of the salient historical truth that the aging of advanced societies has been a sudden change.83. Taken together，these things have implications which are only beginning to be acknowledged.84. There is often resistance to the idea that it is because the birthrate fell earlier in Western and Northwestern Europe than elsewhere，…that we have grown so old.85. Long life is altering our society，of course，but in experiential terms.86. Your account of what happened approximates to the real facts.87. His earnings are out of all proportion to his skill and ability.Unit 1088. A minor-party or independent candidate，…can draw votes away from the major-party nominees but stands almost no chance of defeating them.89. In deciding whether to pursue a course of action，they try to estimate its likely impact on the voters.90. The slogan was meant as a reminder to the candidate and the staff to keep the campaign focused on the nation's slow-moving economy.91. Whether voters accept this image，however，depends more on external factors than on a candidate's personal characteristics.92. As in 1980，when Jimmy Carter lost to Ronald Reagan during tough economic times，the voters were motivated largely by a desire for change.93. Bush tried to stir images of his strong leadership of the war，but voters remained concerned about the economy.94. The invention is going to cause a big stir in the world.95. You should save up money to make provision for the future.Unit 1196. Animal research is irrelevant to our health and it can often produce misleading results.97. It would be completely irresponsible and unethical to use drugs on people that had not been thoroughly tested on animals.98. One experiment in nerve regeneration involves cutting a big nerve in a rat's leg，leaving its leg paralysed.99. Even with these new developments in research，only a tiny proportion of all tests are done without using animals at some stage.100.The use of animals in experiments cannot stop immediately if medical research is to continue and consumer products are to be properly tested.101. When it comes to research into heart disease and its effects on the body，we do not have adequate substitutes for the use of animals.102. I was surprised to see his room in such a litter.103. The conditions that existed ten years ago are reproduced today.Unit 12104. Until recently daydreaming was generally considered either a waste of time or a symptom of neurotic tendencies.105. At its best，daydreaming was considered a compensatory substitute for the real things in life.106. As with anything carried to excess，daydreaming can be harmful.107. There is a growing body of evidence to support the fact that most people suffer from a lack of daydreaming rather than an excess of it.108. Daydreaming significantly contributes to intellectual growth，power of concentration，and the ability to interact and communicate with others.109. Daydreaming resulted in improved self-control and enhanced creative thinking ability.110. Contrary to popular belief，constant and conscious effort at solving a problem is，in reality，one of the most inefficient ways of coping with it.111. Whenever confronted with a task which seemed too hard to be dealt with，he would stretch out on his laboratory sofa and let fantasies flood his mind.112. The important thing to remember is to picture these desired objectives as if you had already attained them.113. Daydreaming is highly beneficial to your physical and mental well-being.114. Escape being impossible，the rabbit turned to confront the dog.115. The difficulties that confront us cannot be overcome.Unit 13116. He cannot be really happy if he is compelled by society to do what he does not enjoy doing，or if what he enjoys doing is ignored by society as of no value or importance.117. In a society where slavery in the strict sense has been abolished，the sign that what a man does is of social value is that he is paid money to do it.118. What from the point of view of society is necessary labor is from his own point of view voluntary play.119. Whether a job is to be classified as labor or work depends，not on the job itself，but on the tastes of the individual who undertakes it.120. It is already possible to imagine a society in which the majority of the population，that is to say，its laborers，will have almost as much leisure as in earlier times was enjoyed by the aristocracy.121. The masses are more likely to replace an unchanging ritual by fashion which it will be in the economic interest of certain people to change as often as possible.122. Workers seldom commit acts of violence，because they can put their aggression into their work，be it physical like the work of a smith，or mental like thework of a scientist or an artist.123. They were often compelled to work twelve or fourteen hours a day.124. The police undertook detailed and comprehensive investigations into the case.“成千上万人疯狂下载。

23. _____ I'm supposed to work by myself， there are other people who I can interact with.A. If onlyB. So long asC. Even ifD. As far as 24. We hope that all the measures against sandstorms， _____ was put forward by the committee， will be considered seriously at the meeting .A. whileB. afterC. sinceD. as 25. You are the best for the job _____ you apply your mind to it.A. untilB. if onlyC. in caseD. unless 26. Einstein claimed that matter and energy are interchangeable， _____ there is no “absolute” time and space.A. so thatB. even ifC. in caseD. in order 27. In a sense， men of this kind begin not so much with a musical theme _____ with a completed composition.A. butB. thanC. asD. that 28. You must push away the many temptations that are always present _____ your schedule is useless.A. andB. butC. orD. for 3. ⽐较级和级 1. The more time you waste， the _____（easy）it is to continue wasting time. 2.The _____ （far）away we get from the earth， the thinner the air becomes. 3.The greenest and _____ （plentiful） leaves are the leaves of grasses living all over the world. 4.We know that we are getting even older， and that the nearer a society approximates to zero population growth， the _____ （old） its population is likely to be. rge or fat people who want to look _____（small）than they are usually wear dark clothes. 6. As Jane was the _____ （old）， she looked after the other children in the family. 7. The effect of rapid travel on the body is actually far _____ （disturb） than we realize. 8. The _____ （far） away we get from the earth， the thinner the air becomes. 9.He was unable to sit still for _____ （long） than a few minutes. 10.The more stress you are under， _____ （likely） you are to catch a cold. 11. Is this because pupils from Britain's private schools are more intelligent than those from state schools， or are they simply _____ （well） prepared？ 12. They are too easily regarded as evaluated certainties rather than as _____ （raw） of raw materials crying to be processed into the texture of logic. 13. The _______ （good） he feels， the more work he will do. 4. 词形转换 1.The continuing professional education of _____ （high） educated adults will become a third level in addition to undergraduate and professional or graduate work. 2.The explorers were puzzled over what to do next because they were in a _____ （trick） situation. 3.These electric appliances are all similar in construction but each one is _____ （specialize） in its function. 4. The child was playing _____ （danger） near the edge of the swimming pool. 5.We would like to take this opportunity to express our sincere _____（appreciate）of your help. 6.Robots， becoming ___（increase）prevalent in factories， are programmed and engineered to do more jobs. 7.The author of the text expresses a strong _____（disapprove）of working on and off frequently. 8. The government has taken measures to reduce the total energy ______（consume）。

67. Would you mind _____ （rephrase） the question， please. 68. They used to _____ （work） twelve or fourteen hours a day at that time. 69. An organization is a group of people， and a decision __ （make） today may have consequences far into the future. 70. For managers， every decision has constraints _____ （base） on policies， procedures and laws. 71. As I'll be away for a year， I'd appreciate _____ （hear） from you now and then. 72. What developed was a music readily _____ （take） on various forms and capable of an almost limitless range of expression. 73. Many other new techniques are available that enable more research _____ （do） in the test tube. 74. _____ （not， get）enough hands， she had great difficulty in accomplishing the task. 75. A Filipino maid was executed in Singapore after _____ （convict） of murder. 76. With apples at 25 cents a pound， we couldn't resist _____ （take） four pounds. 77. When _____ （give） the chance， it is quite possible for him to fulfill the task within ten days. 78. I'll be only too pleased _____ （help） out those who are in difficulty. 79. Television is another major instrument of communication， _____ （permit） us to see as well as to hear the performer. 80.There are several means _____ （measure） the length and width of the gap. 81. _____ （seize） Jane by the collar， they dragged her out of the vehicle and locked her up in the dark room. 82.I couldn't help but _____ （feel） this is a very strange life. 83. _____ （use ） economically， one tin of oil will last at least three months. 84.It seems reasonable to assume that， other things _____ （be） equal， they would prefer single to shared rooms. 85. With the strike _____ （settle）， the work on the new assembly line went ahead like wildfire. 86. People appreciate _____ （talk） with him because he is knowledgeable and humorous. 87. Since the author did not stick to the topic， I found his article very _____ （confuse） and hard to follow. 88. You may find yourself _____ （face） one interviewer or panel. 89. _____ （understand） the effects of apartheid it is necessary to think of the daily lives of the people. 90. The domestics can have their passports removed， _____ （make） leaving or “escaping” virtually impossible. 91. Miss Hannah Arent was the first person _____ （define） the difference between work and labor. 92. I would rather he _____（buy）the house next year. 93.They demanded that the right to vote _____（give）to every adult person. 94.The manager told us to be friendly to the visitors as if we _____ （meet） them before. 95.If it hadn't been for your help， we _____ （be） in real trouble. 96.If you had come earlier， you _____ （not miss） the first act of the play. 97.He would have given you more help， if he _____ （not be） so busy. 98. I would recommend that you _____ （think） about doing something similar for yourself. 99. She treats me as if I _____ （be） a stranger. 100. It's time something _____ （do） about the traffic problem downtown. 101. It was imperative that students _____ （finish） their papers before July 1st. 102. It is high time that we _____ （take） firm measures to protect our environment. 103. Had he been treated well， he _____ （get over） this disease. 104. If only the board _____ （approve） the proposal and put it into effect. 105. If thalidomide _____ （invent） today， it would never be released for human use because new tests on pregnant animals would reveal the dangers. 106. He _________（write） her 10 letters since he met her last years. 107. I think it necessary for him ________ （finish） the work in time. 108. The house is ______ （complete） before his brother's wedding ceremony. 109. You had better ________ （bring） enough money with you. 110. If I hadn't listened to you， I would _______ （make） such a silly mistake. 111. The three players repeatedly denied ________ （take） any drug. 112. People who are entitled to ________ （vote） should be over eighteen. 113. If she ______（catch） the 10 O'clock train， she can get there by lunch time. 2. 从句 ――――定语从句，名词从句和状语从句 1.It was there， the police believe， _____ she was able to activate the recorder she kept in her bag.A. untilB. whichC. thatD. when 2.It is not yet known _____ computers will one day have vision as good as human vision.A. whetherB. ifC. thatD. how 3.Such attitudes amount to a belief _____ leisure can and should be put to good use.A. whichB. ifC. whetherD. that 4. Many of us visited the industrial exhibition，____， to our disappointment， we saw very few high-tech （⾼技术）products.A. whereB. whichC. asD. that 5. On the other hand concern is also growing about the possibility of a new economic order _____ resource-rich nations of the Third World would combine to set high commodity prices.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. in that 6.Studies have shown _____ teenagers often suffer from depression.A. thatB. which C .in which D. in that 7. It is becoming increasingly clear to policy-makers schools cannot solve all the problems of the larger community.A. thatB. whatC. whenD. who 9. There is no doubt _____ a large number of people have benefited from heart surgery.A. whatB. ofC. ifD. that 10. Such people _____ you describe are nowadays.A. asB. thatC. whoD. which 11. Was it in that school _____ he developed his interest in physics？A. whichB. from whichC. whereD. that 12. Why do you blame him for his poor judgment on the matter _____ he really needs is encouragement？A. when thatB. since thatC. when whatD. now that 13. _____， I couldn't get a job in this company.A. Try as I mightB. As I might tryC. Try though I mightD. I might try 14. It is a well-known fact ____ a person will move in a circle when he cannot use his eyes to control his direction.A. thatB. ifC. whenD. whether 15. Very few people understood this contract， _____was very obscure.A. the languageB. the language of whichC. all it saidD. which it had said 16. Management often works hard to set up a situation _____work is done in series.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. what 17. Although Tom is satisfied with his academic achievement， he wonders ____will happen to his family life.A. itB. thatC. whatD. this 18. We cannot leave this tough job to a person _____.A. who nobody has confidenceB. in whom nobody has confidenceC. for whom nobody has confidenceD. who everyone has confidence of 19. Six out of every ten prisoners in chains are black， which is _____ the chain gangs call up images of slavery in centuries gone by.A. whereB. whenC. whatD. why 20.Robots differ from automatic machines _____ after completion of one specific task， they can be reprogrammed by a computer to do another one.A. so thatB. in whichC. given thatD. in that 21. His name will be crossed out from the list _____ he makes the same mistake again.A. ifB. unlessC. becauseD. though 22. Five minutes earlier， _____we may have caught the gunman.A. andB. butC. orD. so。

自考《英语(二)》串讲第一部分：课程介绍一、课程的基本内容本课程在完成“英语（一）”课程内容基础上，培养学生掌握系统的英语语言知识，包括正确的英语语音知识、系统的英语语法知识和一定的词汇量（4500），并熟悉英语语言的表达方式.二、命题“英语（二）”命题按照标准化测试要求设计。

命题的广度和难度依据本大纲规定的知识范围和能力要求确定.部分命题素材取自《英语(二）自学教程》。

统考以阅读和写作为主，听、说不做统考要求。

考试题包括客观性试题和主观性试题，分别占卷面总分的55%和45％。

试卷由七部分组成，包括：阅读判断、阅读选择、概括段落大意和补全句子、填句补文、填词补文、完形补文以及短文写作。

现对试卷内容及结构分别说明如下：第一部分阅读判断该部分要求考生能够理解文中明确表达的概念或细节，推断隐含表达的内容，理解全文主旨和作者所持观点态度；能够根据上下文推测生词意义，理解句间关系和语篇结构。

该部分短文选自英语国家大众读物及旅游手册、操作说明等真实语料,根据语言难度作适当调整，对无法猜测而又影响理解的关键词,用汉语注明词义。

所选短文题材覆盖广泛，涉及叙述、说明、议论等不同体裁.该部分要求考生在读懂1篇350词左右短文的基础上，对给出的10个句子所表达的信息作出判断，有的信息是正确的，有的是错误的，有的文中没有提到。

该部分共10小题。

每小题1分，共计10分.特别提示：与以往《英语（二）》的阅读理解设题形式相比，该题更注重文章中的细节。

与四六级06年改革后的新题型中快速阅读的最初形式类似（Yes，No, Not given).第二部分阅读选择该部分要求考生：理解文章主旨和要义；把握文章的基本结构；理解文中说明要点的事实和细节；作出简单推理和判断；根据上下文推断生词的释义;领会作者的意图、观点和态度.该部分选用1篇长度350词左右的短文，题材包括人文、科技、经济、环境、卫生等热点话题，文中会适当给出个别生词的中文释义。