现在分词作定语和宾语补足语

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现在分词作定语和宾语补足语

在那时，他听见有人在隔壁房间里唱歌。
Just then he heard someone singing in the next room.
在那时，他听见有人正在隔壁房间里唱歌。
——Do you hear someone knocking at the door?
你听见有人正在敲门吗？
——Yes, I did. I heard him knock three times.
赢得冠军的中国女子排球队于昨晚到达首都机场。
The Chinese Women Volleyball Team having won the championship arrived at the Capital Airport last night. ( wrong )
The Chinese Women Volleyball Team that had won the championship arrived at the Capital Airport last night. ( right )
正和校长谈话的那个人是汤姆的父亲。
The man talking with our headmaster is Tom’s father. = The man who is talking with our headmaster is Tom’s father.
注意现在分词与其它非谓语形式作定语的区别：
1) 现在分词作定语，表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作。如：
正在做关于污染报告的教授来自哈佛大学。
The professor giving a speech about pollution now is from Harvard University.
2) 现在分词的被动语态（being+过去分词）表示一个被动的、正在进行的动作。例如：

现在分词做定语

4. There are many new English words added to the new edition of the dictionary.
There are many new English words that are added to the new edition of the dictionary.
A. missing, playing B. missing, play
C. missing, played D. missed, to play 2. Do you know the boy__D__ under the big tree.
A. lay B. lain C. laying D. lying 3. Seeing the sun_C__ above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout of joy.
5．现在分词的意义 1) 现在分词作定语，表示一个主动的、正在进行
的动作。如： The professor giving a speech about pollution now is from Harvard University. =The professor who is giving a speech about pollution now is from Harvard University. 正在做关于污染报告的教授来自哈佛大学。
having been done:与所修饰词构成被动关系/时态上表示发生在谓语动词之前且已经完成
having been doing:与所修饰词构成主动关系/ 时态上表示发生在谓语动词之前且未完；
done:与所修饰词构成被动关系/时态上表示过去或者状态；

现在分词的用法细解

现在分词的用法详解现在分词（Present Participle）(又称-ing形式、现在进行式) ，是分词的一种，分词又分为现在分词和过去分词，它们都是非限定动词，即在句子里面不能单独充当谓语，但能充当其它的一些成分（定语，表语，补语和状语），并且它们具有动词的性质，所以又是类动词的一种。

一.构成形式doing （特殊的略）现在分词表示主动的或进行的动作二.时态与语态一般式doing一般被动式being done完成式having done完成被动式having been done所有否定式都是在－ing前面加not包括独立主格形式三.可作成分定语状语补语表语1.作定语1）单个分词作定语——所修饰名词前，表示主动或者进行的状态可以改写成一个定语从句，把修饰的名词提前做先行词，再补引导词。

E.g. China is a developing country. = China is a country which isdeveloping.2）分词短语作定语——名词放在后面，此时就是相当于定语从句省略了引导词（that, which, what, who, whom...)，而先行词就是该修饰的名词，所以该名词与现在分词之间存有逻辑上的主谓关系Students wishing to go hiking should sign their names here.=Students who is wishing to go hiking should sign their names here.注意1：分词的完成时(having done, having been done)不可作定语，但是可以用定语从句表示E.g. Do you know anything about the accident having happened yesterday? ( wrong )Do you know anything about the accident that happened yesterday? ( right )注意2：在message, letter, sign, news, notice等词后要用现在分词作定语不用过去分词这是考试的易错点2.作宾语补足语记住：只有两类动词可以加现在分词作宾补1）感官动词（和听觉，视觉，触觉相关的动词，此时现在分词表示正在进行）：see，hear ，watch，feel，notice，observe, find，listen，to look at2）使役动词（动词+宾语+doing, 此时现在分词表示“使处于某种状态”)：have, get, catch, leave, set, keepeg.I saw him singing now.Don't have the students studying all day.注意1:宾语与作宾补的现在分词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系即宾语是现在分词动作的发出者注意2：使役动词后面跟的动词还有do/to do/done 的情况，要根据情况选择合适的动词结构。

现在分词短语的用法及例句

现在分词短语的用法及例句现在分词短语是英语中的一种非常常见的语法结构。

它通常由一个现在分词（-ing形式）和它所修饰的动词、名词或代词组成。

现在分词短语可以表示形容词、副词或介词短语的作用，用于修饰主语或谓语，并使句子更加生动、具有描述性和动态。

1. 现在分词作定语现在分词短语作为定语修饰名词或代词时，可以表示一个正在进行的动作或状态。

例句：- The running man is my brother.（奔跑的人是我的兄弟。

）- I saw the blushing girl in the hallway.（我在走廊上看到了脸红的女孩。

）- The singing birds woke me up this morning.（唱着歌的鸟儿今天早晨把我吵醒了。

）2. 现在分词作状语现在分词短语作为状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、方式等。

例句：- He watched TV all night, feeling bored.（他整晚都在看电视，感觉无聊。

）（表示原因）- Driving carefully, you can avoid accidents.（开车小心些，你就能避免事故。

）（表示方式）- Being a fluent speaker of English, he can communicate with anyone around the world.（他是一位英语流畅的演讲者，能够与世界各地的人沟通。

）（表示身份）例句：- I found the essay very interesting.（我觉得这篇文章非常有趣。

）- They kept the room clean and tidy.（他们保持房间的清洁整洁。

）现在分词短语可以用来表达各种各样的语法意义，在英语写作中非常常用。

熟练掌握现在分词短语的用法和性质，可以帮助我们更准确地表达自己的想法。

1. 现在分词作条件状语当现在分词短语与 if 或 when 连用时，可以表示一个条件或情况。

英语现在分词用法

现在分词用法浅析【提问】请问下面这个句子中的动词+ing形式是动名词吗？Must be able to exist without sleep for up to six days while completing other duties. (Experiencing English Extended Book 2 Page 23)答：我们讨论过动名词的功能以及用法，动名词与现在分词有着相同的形式，但是在功能和用法上存在很大的区别，两者在句中充当不同的成分，起着各自不同的作用。

现在分词在句中通常可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语，所起的作用相当于形容词或副词。

一、现在分词的形式1.现在分词的一般式由“动词+ing”构成，其被动式为“being+动词过去分词”。

例如：The students standing there are from Class Three. 站在那里的学生来自三班。

The English novel being translated by the editor now will be completed in October. 那位编辑现在正在翻译的英文小说将在10月份完成。

2. 现在分词的完成式由“having +动词过去分词”构成，其被动式为“having +been+动词过去分词”。

例如：Having finished all the work, they had a good rest. 结束了所有的工作后，他们好好地休息了一下。

Having been laughed at his looks during the childhood, the boy is still very sensitive about his appearance so far. 由于童年时相貌被嘲笑，男孩至今仍然对自己的形象很敏感。

3.现在分词的否定式为“not +动词-ing”，被动式的否定式为“not+being+动词过去分词”，其完成式的否定式为“not + having +动词过去分词”。

分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语

1 高承英语专题讲义（高承英语专题讲义（5656期高二）专题一分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语（一）分词做定语单个现在分词形式或过去分词形式作定语时，一般说来放在中心词（被修饰的名词或代词）之前；现在分词形式或过去分词形式短语作定语时，现在分词形式或过去分词形式短语作定语时，放在被修饰词之后，放在被修饰词之后，放在被修饰词之后，相当于一个相当于一个定语从句。

1) That is an interesting TV series. 那是一部非常有趣的电视剧。

那是一部非常有趣的电视剧。

2) The girl s itting sitting by my side is my cousin. 坐在我旁边的是我表妹。

坐在我旁边的是我表妹。

3) The excited children were opening their Christmas presents. 兴奋的孩子们正在打开他们的圣诞礼物。

4) They reduced the number of animals used in experiment s . 他们减少了用于试验的动物数量。

【used in experiments = which were used in experiments 】（二）分词做表语现在分词作表语表示主语的特征，常用于事物；过去分词作表语表示主语的状态，常用于人。

1) The news is really exciting . 那消息真让人兴奋。

2) She looked disappointed after she lost the game. 输掉那场比赛后，她看上去很失望。

（三）分词做宾语补足语现在分词形式和过去分词形式可作复合宾语中的补足语。

1. 在表示感觉和心理状态的动词see 、hear 、feel 、smell 、listen(to)、notice 、observe 、smell 、watch 这类表示感觉的动词之后常跟“宾语+现在分词”的复合结构，这种动词与分词之间的宾语可以是普通名词或专有名词（人名等），也可以是代词宾格（him 、us 等）。

现在分词做定语、表语和宾补的用法

_______ but the door _______.
A. being on; shut C. burning; shut B. burning; shutting D. on; shutting
V-ing作定语
I have a friend living in London.
1. V-ing作定语表主动或动作正在进行 living London. is ______in =I have a friend who ____ ____
我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。
My job is looking after the children.
他的话很鼓舞人。
V-ing形式一般跟物连用;
V-ed形式一般跟人连用.
His words are encouraging.
His father seems ____ with his results.
高考链接
1. The ______ boy was last seen ______ near the bank of the lake. A. missing; playing B. missing; play C. missed; played D. missed; to play 解析：missing是形容词，作boy的定语，意思是“失踪的”。 was last seen playing表示被看见时正在玩。
2. People____in the city do not know the pleasure of country life. • live B. to live C. lived D.living
3. The library’s study room is full of students____ for the exam. • busily prepared B. busy preparing C. busily prepare D. are busily preparing

动词-ing 形式

分词作状语时，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、让步等，相当于一个状语从句。
①表示时间，如：Hearing the news, he couldn't help crying. 听到这个消息，他不禁哭了起来。(When he heard the news, he couldn't help crying.)
2、现在分词的否定形式
现在分词的否定形式由“not+现在分词”构成，如：Not having received a reply, he decided to write a letter to her again. 没有收到回信，所以他决定再给她写封信。
3、现在分词的时态和语态
现在分词有时态和语态的变化。常见的形式如表所示（以及物动词do和不及物动词go为例）。
2）现在分词作定语
①现在分词作定语时，如果是单词，常放在被修饰词的前面，如：This is an interesting story. 这是个有趣的故事。
②现在分词作定语时，如果是短语，放在被修饰词的后面，相当于一个定语从句，如：The girl sitting beside my brother (who is sitting beside my brother) is my cousin Jane. 坐在我弟弟旁边的姑娘是我的表妹简。
如：I enjoy listening to music. 我喜欢听音乐。
3）动名词作介词宾语
Thank you for helping me. 谢谢你帮助了我。
4）动名词作定语
There is a swimming pool in our school. 我们学校有个游泳池。
动名词还能和介词一起构成短语，作定语，如：His way of looking at things is better. 他看事情的方法比较好。

现在分词的用法

现在分词的用法1. 分词的定义现在分词是由动词+ing构成的。

现在分词具有动词、形容词或副词的特性，可以带自己的宾语或受状语修饰，现在分词和自己的宾语或状语一起构成现在分词短语。

2. 现在分词的语法作用；现在分词在句中可以作主语、表语、定语、补足语和状语。

一.作主语1. 通常被看作是单数不可数名词，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。

Driving fast is very dangerous. Swimming is my favourite sport.Painting is an art. Hearing the bad news made him cry.2. 现在分词作主语时，常常用it作形式主语，而把现在分词放到句末。

It is no good/use talking with him It's no good smoking. You should give it up.It is no good crying over split milk.It作形式主语，现在分词作真正主语时的常用句型：It +be+ a waste of time doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间It +be+ fun doing sth. 做某事很有趣It +be+ no good/no use/useless doing sth. 做某事没有用It +be+ expensive doing sth. 做某事很昂贵It +be+ dangerous doing sth. 做某事很危险It +be+ a pleasure doing sth. 做某事是一件愉快的事eg. It's no use complaining. It's no good smoking a lot.It's a waste of time doing such a thing.3. There +be+ no sense in doing sth.做某事没有道理There +be+ no point (in) doing sth.做某事毫无意There +be+no use in doing sth.做某事没有用Nothing worse than doing sth.没有比...更糟糕的eg. There is no point (in) doing so.这么做，毫无意义。

现在分词

现在分词作定语和宾语补足语
1.Dustin Hoffman is famous for his role acting as a woman. 2.Two days later I receive a letter offering me the job. 3. At one moment in a show, you can hear the audience laughing loudly. 4. For a moment I saw him thinking. 1， 3 句分词作定语；2， 4句分词作宾语补足语，句分词作定语；，句分词作宾语补足语
I felt somebody staring at me.
突然我注意到她站在我的面前.
Suddenly I noticed her standing in front of me.
2. have, leave, keep 等使役动词后接现在分词作宾语补足语，表示“使….处于某种状态” 如：对不起，我让你久等了． Sorry, I kept you waiting for a long time.
关于现在分词的更多用法,请翻看英语<<导与练>> 116页和117页! 谢谢
一、用现在分词作为定语(Attributive)或是形容词(Adjective)
1. 分词放在被修饰的名词之前 That's an interesting story. (现在分词interesting, 名词story) I hear a barking dog. (barking, dog) I have often seen falling stars. (falling, stars)
升起的太阳发展中国家 the rising sun developing country 沸腾的水 boiling water a smiling face

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4) 不定式（to+动词原形）作定语表示一个将来要发生的动作。如：下一个要检查的病人正在外面等着。
The patient to be examined next is waiting outside.
现在分词的完成式“having+过去分词”不能作定语，此时可以用一个定语从句代替。例如：
你了解昨天发生的事故吗？
赢得冠军的中国女子排球队于昨晚到达首都机场。
The Chinese Women Volleyball Team having won the championship arrived at the Capital Airport last night. ( wrong )
The Chinese Women Volleyball Team that had won the championship arrived at the Capital Airport last night. ( right )
站在树下的男孩 the boy standing under the tree
现在分词作定语，意义上接近一个定语从句，表示一个正在进行的动作或者表示一个主动的动作。例如：
中国是一个发展中国家。
China is a developing country (= China is a country which is developing. ).
正和校长谈话的那个人是汤姆的父亲。
The man talking with our headmaster is Tom’s father. = The man who is talking with our headmaster is Tom’s father.
注意现在分词与其它非谓语形式作定语的区别：
是的，有人敲门。我听到他敲了三次门。
用过去分词作宾语补足语表示一个被动的动作。如：
He had his clothes washed.
他让别人洗了衣服。
What made you so frightened?
是什么让你如此害怕？
Thank you!
在那时，他听见有人在隔壁房间里唱歌。
Just then he heard someone singing in the next room.
在那时，他听见有人正在隔壁房间里唱歌。
——Do you hear someone knocking at the door?
你听见有人正在敲门吗？
——Yes, I did. I heard him knock three times.
1) 现在分词作定语，表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作。如：
正ving a speech about pollution now is from Harvard University.
2) 现在分词的被动语态（being+过去分词）表示一个被动的、正在进行的动作。例如：
1． 2) have, leave, keep等使役动词后接现在分词作宾语补足语，表示“使处于某种状态”。如：
I would have him waiting for me at the gate of the park.
我要他在公园门口等我。
Sorry I kept you waiting a long time.
Do you know anything about the accident having happened yesterday? ( wrong ) Do you know anything about the accident that happened yesterday? ( right )
要去徒步旅游的学生在这里签名。
Students wishing to go hiking should sign their names here.
在候车室里我看见一个熟睡的女孩。
I saw a sleeping girl in the waiting room. = I saw a girl who was sleeping in the waiting room.
二、现在分词作宾语补足语
1．感官动词see, watch, hear, feel, notice等后接现在分词作宾语补足语，表示该动作正在进行。例如：
I saw him running down the street. 我看见他沿着街跑。 I felt an ant climbing over my leg. 我感到一只蚂蚁正在我的腿上爬。 Suddenly, I noticed her standing outside. 突然我注意到她正站在外边。
对不起，让您久等了。
They shut the door and left, leaving the fire burning.
他们关上门走开了，留下火在燃烧
1． 3) 注意现在分词与其它非谓语形式作宾语补足语的区别：
1 用不定式作宾语补足语表示动作的全过程已经完成。如： Just then he heard someone sing in the next room.
正在建设的高速公路将直通新港码头。
The freeway being built now will lead to Xingang Seaport.
3) 及物动词的过去分词作定语，表示一个被动的、已经完成的动作。例如：上学期建成的计算机中心很受学校学生的欢迎。
The computer center, built last term, is very popular among the students in the school.
现在分词作定语时，一个单词应放在被修饰词的前边；现在分词短语则必须置于其后。例如：
升起的太阳 the rising sun
令人惊讶的消息 the surprising news
下一学年
the coming school year
受苦的人民
the suffering people
放在桌子上的钱夹 the wallet lying on the desk
Unit 20 Grammar part
现在分词作定语和宾语补足语
现在分词作定语和宾语补足语
1. Dustin Hoffman is famous for his role acting as a woman. 2. Two days later, I received a letter offering me the job. 3. At one time in a show, you can see the audience laughing loudly. 4. For a moment I saw him thinking.

现在分词作定语和宾语补足语

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