2021年大学英语四级改错题12篇
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Error CorrectionPart I. 单句改错1.Overseas travel sounds excited and sometimes exotic but not everyone can affordit. _______2.If one does not pick up his dry-cleaning within thirty days, the management is notobligated to return it back. _______3.It is said that Einstein felt very badly about the application of his theories to thecreation of weapons of war. _______4.Some people choose to go on cruises as a way of rewarding themselves. Certainlyif you have plenty of money this can be a good idea, thought it may not turn off quite as expected. _______5.The new technology has made possible for the doctor to make diagnoses withoutseeing the patient in person. _______ 6.All of the performers in the play did well. The audience applauded the actorsexcellent performance. _______ 7.Although we had been present at roughly the same time, Mr. Brown saw thesituation quite different from the way I saw it. _______8.Historically, no artists have presented clearer or the more complete records of thedevelopment of human culture than sculptors have. _______ 9.The president devoted his energies to update the curricula, making the educationoffered at Washington College as meaningful and usual as possible. _______ ually you will be more likely to find insects if you examine finer twigs ratherthan the coarse parts of trees. _______ 11.Written English has become more importantly in business English, with theinvention of the fax and the computer. _______ 12.Each culture has its own distinctive ways of seeing, feeling, thinking, speaking,believing, and just like no two humans are identical in all respects, so no two cultures are identical in all respects. _______13.It is very hard to believe that when Lincoln was born, communications were alittle faster than in the days of Julius Caesar. _______ 14.Despite of diligent efforts to promote domestic production during the war years,the Continental Army had to rely primarily in captures and imports for much of its military hardware and even for clothing. _______ 15.The departments concerned shall listen and accept criticisms and rationalsuggestions regarding the protection of women’s rights and interests. _______ 16.It is ironic that although in 1955 actor James Dean made an advertisementwarning teens of how harm it was to drive fast, he himself died from a speeding accident. _______17.One expert remarks that a computer with so many tubes as the brain has neuronswould require the Empire State Building to contain it. _______ 18.Despite this similarity with other creatures, the evolution of humankind differsfrom other species in one important and unique way. _______ 19.The scientists, concerned about the potential hazards, wanted the latest researchfinding made publicly. _______20.There is never any need to feel shameless or even childish in wanting to move onto new experiences. _______21.It is an accepted custom for guests to take their gifts to the wedding receptionwhen the couple invited them to attend. _______22.The fact which a good teacher has some of the gifts of a good actor does not meanthat he will indeed be able to act well on the stage. _______ 23.Neither of the boys who have been helping us know the importance of thisparticular project. _______ 24.Not too many years ago my mother jogged in the alley behind our house becauseshe was embarrassed to see jogging in public. _______ 25.Failure to advertise could result in either reduced sales and less profit nor legalactions. _______ 26.He said that the passenger must have had an accident; otherwise he would arriveby that time. _______ 27.Not only in obvious situations such as wars and revolutions enemies are necessaryand very useful as a way to focus the attention and energy of our friends and followers, but in our every day activities as well. _______ 28.The replacement of shops such as the grocer’s and chemist’s by cafes have left thehousewives with insufficient facilities for shopping. _______ 29.The police finally caught up with the man whom they thought was the escapedprisoner. _______ 30.To the finalists, Peter and I, the last high jump was the most exciting as well as themost difficult. _______ 31.Evidently we didn’t understand the direction, for we made a wrong turn and foundus lost, confused as to which way we should go. _______ 32.When a post office handles large quantities of mails daily, it is essential thatmechanical methods are used to maintain production and insure prompt delivery of the mails. _______33.Vincent V an Gogh killed himself when he was only 37, but he left behind himmore than 2,000 paintings and drawings, that established his reputation in a way he would never have considered possible. _______ 34.If you read Canadian English Dictionaries, you certainly find both American andBritish spellings listing, and the first word is the spelling preferred by the educated Canadian majority. _______ 35.It is the interaction between people, rather than the events that occur in their livesthat are the main focus of social psychology. _______ 36.More than three years after moving from Australia to this remote point of England,we are still learning how things have done here. _______ 37.That the woman was saying was so important that I asked everyone to stop talkingand listen. _______38.This is the longest flight I have ever taken. By the time we get to Los Angeles, wehad flown for 13 hours. _______39.Researchers believe one way minimizing the damage is to get better at predictingthe risk of fire. _______ 40.Customers are asked to ensure that they have given correct change before leavingthe shop as mistakes cannot be afterwards remedied. _______ 41.Business today whether it is running a little gas-station or a big factory take goodmanagement. _______42. A break in their employment, or a decision to work part time, will slow its raisesand promotions-because it would for men. _______ 43.Blood pressure drugs definitely help some people live after a heart attack, butthese same drugs may be both necessary and harmful for those with only mild blood pressure problems. _______ 44.Culture refers to the social heritage of a people- the learned patterns for thinking,feeling and acting that characterize a population or society, include the expression of these patterns in material things. _______ 45.Culture is composed of nonmaterial culture abstract creations like values, beliefs,customs, and institutional arrangements-and material culture-physical object like cooking spots, computers and bathtubs. _______ 46.But it was not until almost the end of the nineteenth century that a true virus wasproven to be the reason of a disease. ______ 47.Growth in gross domestic product was 4.1 percents; profits soared; exportsflourished; and inflation stayed around 3 percent for the third year. ______ 48.The university exposes its students to many different culture, social andout-of-class programs. ______49.His Arab host, who had been watching, said of nothing. ______50.This research program is financed by two funds, the largest of which could last fortwo years. ______ 51.Perhaps one in every seventh deaths in Europe’s crowded cities was caused by thedisease. ______ 52.The pace of house-construction cannot keep down with the rapid growth ofpopulation. ______53.That is to do with what is read but with how it is read. ______54.Twenty years in prison are a ridiculously harsh penalty for an action that was afterall, agreed upon by both people involved. ______ 55.In the past our own blocks of flats have been associated with the lower-incomegroups and they had lacked the obvious provisions. _______ 56.What was set Miss Keller apart was that no similarly afflicted person before haddone more than acquire the simplest skills. ______ 57.Consider the great need for improving many aspects of the global environment,one is surely justified in his concern for money and resources. ______ 58.But if 98 percent of us don’t need to work, what are we going to do with oneself?______59.It is precisely this kind of conversation which is of importance when we areseeking to develop our reading to meet the new demand. ______60.Many of us now won’t be alive if it weren’t for advances in health, agriculture andindustry. ______61.Should you break the rule against staring at a stranger on an elevator, you willmake the other person exceedingly comfortable. ______62.Children are forbidden to visit terminally ill patients---or those patients are theirparents. ______63.Police’s records show a surprised link between changes in the seasons and crimepatterns. ______64.In sum, culture reflects both the ideas we share or everything we make. ______65.In ordinary speech, a person of culture is the individual can speak anotherlanguage- the person who is familiar with the arts, music, literature, philosophy, or history. _______66.But to sociologists, to be human is to be cultured, because of culture is thecommon world of experience. _________67.Culture is essentially to our humanness. ________68. How do you know how to act in a classroom, or a department store, or toward aperson who smiles or laugh at you? ________ 69.Your culture supplies you by broad, standardized, ready-made answers for dealingwith each of these situations. ________ 70.Few football grounds boast a more prestigious address than the Bernabeu, lies as itdoes on the Castellana. ________ 71.As Real date back to 1902, when the Sociedad Madrid Football Club was formed,it was not until 1920 that the club was granted permission to use the Real (royal) prefix. ________72.The cost of the new stadium led to claims, never proving, that Real had receivedfinancial aid from General Franco’s government. _______ 73.Under Bernabeu’s patronage, Real Madrid became the greatest club side ever, wonthe European Champions Cup a record five times in a row between 1956 and 1960,a remarkable feat that is unlikely to be challenged. _______74.Clearly some risks worth taking, especially when the rewards are high._______75.A man surrounded by flames and smoke generally considers that jumping out of asecond floor window is an acceptable risk to save its life. _______ 76.There may be sound medicine reasons for accepting electrical shock treatment._______77.Such reasons are totally dependent in the balance of risks and benefits for thepatients. _______78.Blood pressure drugs definitely help some people live after a heart attack, butthese same drugs may be both necessary and harmful for those with only mild blood pressure problems. _______ 79.Deciding how much discomfort and risk we are preparing to put up with in thename of better health is a highly personal matter, not a decision we should leave to doctors alone. _______80.A man who has promised to call on a friend at five o'clock in the afternoon andactually does such at that hour is punctual. ______81.A few minutes delay may not be a serious matter. ______82.Getting up five minutes later than usually may upset the plan of the day. ______83.Call on a friend five minutes later than the appointed time may cause him someunexpected trouble. ______ 84.They should ever say to themselves: “A few minutes’ delay does not matter thistime. I shall never be unpunctual again.”______ 85.Those who think in this way will find excuses for delay from time to time, andwill at least give up the attempt cultivating the good habit of punctuality. ______ 86.CVs(简历) printed on pink paper, CVs that are 10 pages long and CVs with sillymistakes in first paragraph. ______ 87.Good CV is your passport to an interview and, ultimate, to the job you want.______88.Initial impressions are vital, and a badly presented CV could mean acceptance,regardless of what’s in it. ______89.Here are a few ways to avoid end up on the reject pile. _____90.Get someone to check for spelling and grammatical errors, because aspell-checker will pick up every mistake. ______ 91.Restrict your self to one or two pages, and listing any publications or referees on aseparate sheet. __________92.The Seattle Times Company has 20 percents racial minorities. __________93.The paper has put into place policies and procedures for hiring and maintain adiverse workforce. __________ 94.The underlying reason for the change is that for information to be fair, appropriate,and subjective, it should be reported by the same kind of population that reads it.__________95.A diversity committee composed of reporters, editors, and photographers meetsregularly to value the Seattle Times’content and to educate the rest of the newsroom staff about diversity issues. __________ 96.In addition, the paper instituted a content audit (审查) that evaluates the frequencyand manner of representation of woman and people of color in photographs.__________97.Now he has the capability to leave that planet and move out into the universe tothose worlds which he has known previously only directly. __________ 98.Men have explored parts of the moon, put spaceships in orbit around anotherplanet and possibly within the decade will land into another planet and explore it.__________99.Can we be too bold as to suggest that we may be able to colonize other planetwithin the not - too - distant future ? __________ 100.We must keep in head the billions of dollars we might spend in carrying out the project. __________。
大学英语四级单句改错例题解析(最终版)第一篇:大学英语四级单句改错例题解析(最终版)单句改错例题解析【例1】Sorry,I haven't got any small changes on me.【解析】这里的“changes”应改为“change”,因为“change”作“零钱”解时为不可数名词。
【例2】Is the education free in all the countries?【解析】这里“education”前面的“the”要去掉,因为抽象名词表示泛指意义时不用定冠词。
【例3】Peter is stronger than him.【解析】在省略句或不完整的从句中,代词的格应跟没有省略、完整时的格一致。
这一句完整的结构应该是“Peter is stronger than he is,因此不能用“him”。
【例4】The man bought 20 dozens socks.【解析】象dozen,hundred,thousand等数量词被大于1的基数词修饰时,仍用单数形式。
所以这里的“dozens”应该改为“dozen”。
【例5】M illion of years ago,there lived a lot of huge animals on the earth.【解析】“hundreds of”,“thousands of,“millions of等结构中,不可遗漏-s。
【例6】China is still a developed country.【解析】过去分词作定语表示完成或被动之意,而现在分词作定语则表示进行或主动之意。
而中国现在仍然是一个发展中国家,因此应把“developed”改为“developing”。
【例7】What a ashamed thing to do!【解析】“ashamed”是“感觉羞耻的”,通常很少用在形容词前面作定语,一般只作表语,而“shameful”是“可耻的”,通常用在形容词前面作定语。
2021年6月大学英语四级真题及答案(全套详解)2021年6月大学英语四级真题及答案(多套题及翻译)CET4Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.题目一:Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your campus, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观你的校园,你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?题目二:Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观你的家乡,你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?题目三:Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit China, whatis the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观中国,你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questionswill be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Americans this year will swallow 15000 tons of aspirin, one of safest and most effec ve drugs 1.__________ invented by man. The most popular medicines in the 2.__________ world today, it is an effec ve pain reliever. Its bad effects are rela vely mild, and it is cheap. For millions of people suffered from arthri es, 3.__________ it is the only thing that works. Aspirin, in short, is truly the 20th-century wonder drug. It is also the second largest suicide drug and is the leading cause of poisoning among children. it has side effects that, if 4.__________ rela vely mild, are largely unrecognized between users. 5.__________ Although aspirin was first sold by Germam company in 1899, it has been around much longer than that. Hippocrates, in ancient Greece, understood the medical value of the leaves and tree bark which today is known to 6.__________ contain salicylates, the chemical in aspirin. during the 19th century, there was a great number of experimenta on 7.__________ in Europe with this chemical, and it led in the introduc on 8.__________ of aspirin. By 1915, aspirin tablets were available in the United States. A small quan ty of aspirin(two five-grain tablets) relieves pain and inflamma on. It also reduces down 9.__________ fever by interfering with some of the body's reac ons. Specifically, aspirin seems to slow down the forma on of the acids involved in pain and the complex chemical reac ons that cause fever. The chemistry of these acids is not fully understood, and the slowing effect of aspirin 10.__________ is well known. 参考答案参考答案1. of ∧safest →the 2. medicines →medicine(or: drug) 3. suffered →suffering 4. if →though(or: although) 5. between →among 6. is →are 7. number →deal(or: amount,quan ty) 8. in →to 9. down →/ Crime has its own cycles, a magazine reported some years before. Police records that were studied 1.__________ for five years from over 2400 ci es and towns show a surprised link between changes in the season and 2.__________ crime pa erns. The pa ern of crime has varied very li le over a long period of years. Murder reaches its high during July and August, as does rape and other violent 3.__________ a acks.Murder, however, is more than seasonal: it is a 4.__________ weekend crime. It is also a high me crime: 62 percent of members are commi ed between 6 p.m. and 6 a.m. Unlike the summer high in crimes of bodily harm, burglary has a different cycle. You are most likely to being robbed between 6 p.m. and 2 a.m. on a Saturday 5.__________ night in December, January,or February. The most uncriminal month of all? May--except for one strange sta s c. More dog bites are reported in this month than in an other month of the year. 6.__________ Apparent our intellectual seasonal cycles are 7.__________ completely different from our criminal tendencies. professor Hun ngton, of the Founda on for the Study of Cycles, made extensive studies to discover the seasons when people read serious books, a end scien fic mee ngs, make the highest scores on examina ons, and to propose the most changes to patents. In all 8.__________ instances, he found a spring peak and an autumn peak separated by a summer low. On other hand, Professor 9.__________ hun nton's studies indicated that June is the peak month for suicides and admissions in mental hospitals. 10.__________ June is also a peak month for marriages! 参考答案参考答案1. before →ago 2. surprised →surprising 4. however →moreover 5. being →be 6. an →any 7. apparent →apparently 8. to(1) →/ 9. On ∧other →the 10. in →to Personal rela onaships are very important. They are the key of doing business in Arab countries. Try 1.__________ to iden fy the decision-maker regarding as your 2.__________ product or service immediatelyand get to know him on a friendly basis. Do your homework. Be prepared to discuss de al of your product or proposal. Be ready 3.__________ to answer technical ques ons. Familiarize yourself to the Moslem and na onal 4.__________ holidays. Avoid a visit during Ramadan, the Moslem month of fas ng. Most Arab countries have a six-day workweek from Saturday through Thursday. When matching 5.__________ with the Monday to Friday prac ce in most Western countries, it leaves only three and a half workdays shared.Remember this in planning your appointments. Moslems do not eat pork. Some are strict about the religion's prohibi on for alcoholic beverages. If you 6.__________ are not sure, wait your host to suggest the proper 7.__________ thing to drink. Only a genera on ago, Mauritania's capital city was many day's walk from the Sahara. Today it is in the Sahara. 1.__________ The sand blows through the city streets and piles up in 2.__________ walls and fences. The desert stretches out as far as the eye can see. In some parts of the Amazon rain forest in brazil, all the trees have cut down. The earth lies bare and dry in the 3.__________ hot sun. Nothing grow there anymore. 4.__________ Over vast areas of every con nent, the rainfall and vegeta on necessary for life is disappearing. Already 5.__________ more than 40 percent of the earth's land is desert and 6.__________ desert-like. About 628 million people--one out of seven-- live in these dry regions. In the past, they have managed to survive, but in difficulty. Now, largely through problems 7.__________ caused by modern life, our existence is threatened by the 8.__________ slow, steady spread of the earth's deserts. Many countries first became concerned in 1970s a er 9.__________ a terrible drought and famine destroyed Africa's Sahel, the fragile desert along the south edge of the Sahara. Thousands of people died even though there was a worldwide effort to send food and medicine to the starved people. 10.__________ 参考答案参考答案1. day's →days' 2. in →against 3. have ∧cut →been 4. grow →grows 5. is →are 6. and →or 7. in →with 8. our →their 9. in ∧1970s →the 。
1. The finding of this study failed to _____________ (将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内).2. The prevention and treatment of AIDS is ______________ (我们可以合作的领域).3. Because of the leg injury, the athlete ______________ (决定退出比赛).4. To make donations or for more information, please_______________ (按以下地址和我们联系).5. Please come here at ten tomorrow morning ________________ (如果你方便的话).6._____________________________(多亏了一系列的新发明), doctors can treat this disease successfully.7.In my sixties, one change I notice isthat__________________________(我比以前更容易累了).8.I am going to pursue this course ,__________________(无论我要作出什么样的牺牲)。
9.I would prefer shopping online to shopping in a department store because_________________________(它更加方便和省时).10.Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life ________________________(是用他们能够借到多少来衡量的), not how much they can earn.11. _______________________ (他们的独生儿子从未想过)to leave them and strike out on his own though he is in his late twenties.12. Before you take any action, please remember to____________________ (权衡你的决定会产生的后果).13. He assured his friend that under no circumstances___________________ (他会违背还钱的承诺).14. Most educators advise that kids ____________________ (不要沉溺于电脑游戏).15. Business major as he is, he has ____________________ (从未考虑过从事推销员的工作).16.Our efforts will pay off if the results of research_____(能应用于新技术的开发)。
四级考试“改错的目的是测试学生综合运用语言的能力”。
改错题的主要错误类型有主谓不一致、时态和语态错误、连接词误用、形容词与副词错误、反义词误用、非谓语动词错误、关系代词错误、介词错误、缺漏和赘述、句子结构等等。
考生在做改错题时,首先应通读短文,对文章有个大致的了解。
然后,仔细读出现10个错误的所在行,一般来说,每个错误基本都可以归入上述的某一个错误类型,看有没有出现语法错误和词汇错误。
如果通过细读确认没有语法错误和词汇错误,那就把细读扩大到该行上下各二、三行,有时甚至要联系该行所在的自然段,这时的重点必须转移到对文章的理解上来,从上下文的关系找出连接关系和逻辑关系的前后矛盾的错误。
最后应再通读一篇改正后的文章,看整篇文章总体上是否连贯一致。
1、反义词误用这是短文改错中出现频率较高也是比较有特色的一种错误类型,这类错误必须在透彻理解上下文语义的基础上才能发现并改正。
比较常见的错误有:a、派生反义词如00年1月的72题将directly改为indirectly。
b其他反义词如00年1月的77题将little改为much。
2、连接词误用连接词的错误虽然是属于传统的语法题范畴,但其用法主要根据上下文语义上的逻辑关系,也就是上下文的理解。
连接词有很多种,有并列连词,如and, but, or等,主从连词,如because, if, after等,以及其他连接介词和副词,如however, despite等。
曾经考查过的题目有00年6月的73题,将as改为than,这考查的是比较连词的搭配,根据上一行中之more即可确定改as为than。
3、指代错误这一般考查的是代词的指代,在文章当中如果说出现了代词,那么代词所指代的对象在前文中一定是出现过的,否则就会出现指代不清,所以出现代词时候,我们要注意它所指代的对象的单复数是否与代词一致。
如03年9月的S9题将it改为they,因为它指代的是前面的复数名词new houses。
Exercise 1 改正下列句子中主语使用的错误。
1.Too easy or too difficult is no good for us.2.But it may occur some new problems.3.The study of the graduate course is very busy.4.His illness was recovered.5.In our country feels very free.6.Rich doesn't ensure a happy life.7.Keep two full-time jobs is simply impossible.st summer vacation was very free and happy.9.Now people's lives don't leave plastics away.10.This is because fake commodities can make a lot of money.Exercise 2 改正下列句子中谓语使用的错误。
1.In our modern society, there are many examples around us show that many people are cheated.2.I have to visit the teacher who teach the College English.3.None can negative the importance of money.4.The eating habit of Chinese people have changed in the past decade.5.Now fruits and vegetables can be seen everywhere when it is in seasom.6.I feel proud to come to our university.7.There are many people take part in sports and games now.8.Although difficulty is exist, but we can overcome it.9.Now,many universities access to goad libraries.10.Avers,number of hours a student spend on the Internet kepps increasing very fast.。
英语改错题题目一根据下面的短文,找出并更正文中的错误。
每行下面有一个错误,每个错误只需更正一个错字。
1. Last month, my family and me went to Be ijing for a short vacation.2. We had a very good time, but there's somet hing that made us unhappy.3. When we checked into our hotel, we were gi ven our room keys.4. However, when we entered the room, we found that someone was already in there.5. We went down to the reception and explained they situation to the staff.6. They apologize for the mistake and gave us another room immediately.7. The new room was much better than the firs t one and we are satisfied with it.8. In the end, despite of the initial problem, we enjoyed our stay in Beijing.更正后的文本如下:1. Last month, my family and I went to Bei jing for a short vacation.2. We had a very good time, but there's somet hing that made us unhappy.3. When we checked into our hotel, we were gi ven our room keys.4. However, when we entered the room, we found that someone was already in there.5. We went down to the reception and explained the situation to the staff.6. They apologized for the mistake and gave u s another room immediately.7. The new room was much better than the firs t one and we were satisfied with it.8. In the end, despite the initial problem, we enjoyed our stay in Beijing.题目二根据下面的对话,找出每句话中的错误,并进行改正。
新英语四级改错练习题及答案精选五Most people work to earn a living and they produce goods and services Goods are either agricultural or manufactured . Services are such things like education, 1._________medicine, and commerce. These people provide 2.__________goods; some provide services. Other people provideboth goods or services. For example, in the same 3.__________garage a man may buy a car or some service whichhelps him maintain his car.The work people do is called as economic 4.__________activity. All economic activities taken together makeup the economic system of a town, a city, a country,or the world. Such economic system is the sum-total 5.__________of what people do and what they want. The workpeople do either provides what they need or providesthe money with that they can buy essential 6.__________commodities. Of course, most people hope to haveenough money to buy commodities and services whichare essential but which provide some particular 7. __________personal satisfaction, such as toys for children, visits 8. __________the cinema, and books.The science of economics is basic upon the facts 9. __________of our everyday lives. Economists study our everydaylives and the general life of our communities in ordertounderstand the whole economic system of which weare a part. They try to describe the facts of theeconomy in which we live, and to explain how itworks. The economist methods should of course be 10. __________strictly objective and scientific.参考答案:1. like as2. Those Some3. or and4. called as call5. Such Such an6. that which7. essential nonessential or +not8. visits visits to9. basic based10. economist economists。
大学英语四级改错题12篇Passage 1Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions:This part consists of a short passage. In this passage,there are altogether 10 mistakes,one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word,add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word,cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word,put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word,cross it out and put a slash (/) in the blank.Example:Television is rapidly becoming the literatures of our periods. 1. time/times/periodMany of the arguments having used for the study of literature 2. /___________∧ study of television. 3. the___________One major decision which faces the American student ready tobegin higher education is the choice of attending a largeuniversity or a small college. The large university provides awide range of specialized departments,as well numerous 71. __________courses within such departments. The small college,therefore, 72. __________generally provides a limited number of courses andspecializations but offer a better student-faculty ratio,thus 73. __________permit individualized attention to student. Because of its large 74. __________student body (often exceeding 20,000) consisting in many 75. __________people from different countries the university exposes itsstudents to many different culture,social and out-of-class 76. __________programmes. On the other hand,the smaller,morehomogeneous(同性质) student body of the big college 77. __________affords greater opportunities in such activities. Finally,theuniversity closely approximates the real world and which 78. __________provides a relaxed,impersonal,and sometimes anonymous(隐姓埋名) existence,on the contrast,the intimate 79. __________atmosphere of the small college allows the student four years ofstructural living in which to expect and preparing for the real 80. __________world. In making his choice among educational institutions thestudent must,there fore,consider a great many factors.71. (well) → (well) as 72. therefore → however73. offer → offers 74. permit → permitting75. in → of 76. culture → cultural77. big → small 78. and → / 或and → which,this79. contrast → contrary 80. preparing → preparePassage 2Thomas Malthus published his "Essay on the Principleof Population" almost 200 years ago. Ever since then,forecasters have being warning that worldwide famine was S1. _____ just around the next corner. The fast-growing population'sdemand for food,they warned,would soon exceed their S2. _____ supply,leading to widespread food shortages and starvation.But in reality,the world's total grain harvest has risensteadily over the years. Except for relative isolated trouble S3. _____ spots like present-day Somalia,and occasional years ofgood harvests,the world's food crisis has remained just S4. _____ around the corner. Most experts believe this can continueeven as if the population doubles by the mid-21st century, S5. _____ although feeding I0 billion people will not be easy forpolitics,economic and environmental reasons. Optimists S6. _____ point to concrete examples of continued improvementsin yield. In Africa,by instance,improved seed,more S7. _____ fertilizer and advanced growing practices have more thandouble corn and wheat yields in an experiment. Elsewhere, S8. _____ rice experts in the Philippines are producing a plant with few S9. _____ stems and more seeds. There is no guarantee that plantbreeders can continue to develop new,higher-yieldingcrop,but most researchers see their success to date as reason S10. _____ for hope.S1. being→been S2. their→itsS3. relative→relatively S4. good→badS5. as→去掉S6. politics→politicalS7. by→for S8. double→doubledS9. few→more S10. reason→the reasonPassage 3The Seattle Times Company is one newspaper firm thathas recognized the need for change and done something aboutit. In the newspaper industry,papers must reflect the diversityof the communities to which they provide information.It must reflect that diversity with their news coverage or risk S1. _________losing their readers’ interest and their advertisers’ support.Operating within Seattle,which has 20 percents racial S2. _________minorities,the paper has put into place policies andprocedures for hiring and maintain a diverse workforce. The S3. _________underlying reason for the change is that for information to befair,appropriate,and subjective,it should be reported by the S4. _________same kind of population that reads it.A diversity committee composed of reporters,editors,andphotographers meets regularly to value the Seattle Times’S5. _________ content and to educate the rest of the newsroom staff aboutdiversity issues. In an addition,the paper instituted a content S6. _________ audit (审查) that evaluates the frequency and manner ofrepresentation of woman and people of color in photographs. S7. _________ Early audits showed that minorities were pictured far tooinfrequently and were pictured with a disproportionatenumber of negative articles. The audit results from S8. _________ improvement in the frequency of majority representation and S9. _________ their portrayal in neutral or positive situations. And,with a S10. _________ result,the Seattle Times has improved as a newspaper.The diversity training and content audits helped theSeattle Times Company to win the Personal JournalOptimas Award for excellence in managing change.S1. it → they S2. percents → percentS3. maintain → maintaining S4. subjective → objectiveS5. value → evaluate S6. an → /S7. woman → women S8. from → inS9. majority → minority S10. with → asPassage 4A great many cities are experiencing difficulties whichare nothing new in the history of cities,except in their scale.Some cities have lost their original purpose and have not foundnew one. And any large or rich city is going to attract poor S1. __________ immigrants,who flood in,filling with hopes of prosperity S2. __________ which are then often disappointing. There are backward townson the edge of Bombay or Brasilia,just as though there were S3. __________on the edge of seventeenth-century London or early nine-teenth-century Paris. This is new is the scale. Descriptions S4. __________ written by eighteenth-century travelers of the poor of MexicoCity,and the enormous contrasts that was to be found there, S5. __________are very dissimilar to descriptions of Mexico City today—the S6. __________ poor can still be numbered in millions.The whole monstrous growth rests on economic prosper-ity,but behind it lies two myths:the myth of the city as a S7. __________ promised land,that attracts immigrants from rural poverty S8. __________ and brings it flooding into city centers,and the myth of the S9. __________ country as a Garden of Eden,which,a few generations late, S10. __________ sends them flooding out again to the suburbs.S1. new → a new S2. filling → filledS3. though → if S4. This → WhatS5. was → were S6. dissimilar → similarS7. lies → lie S8. that → whichS9. it → them S10. late → laterPassage 5Sporting activities are essentially modified forms ofhunting behavior. Viewing biologically,the modern S1. __________ footballer is revealed as a member of a disguised huntingpack. His killing weapon has turned into a harmless footballand his prey into a goal-mouth. If his aim is inaccurate and he S2. __________ scores a goal,enjoys the hunter’s triumph of killing his prey.To understand how this transformation has taken place we S3. __________ must briefly look up at our ancient ancestors. They spent over a S4. __________ million year evolving as co-operative hunters. Their very survival S5. __________ depended on success in the hunting-field. Under this pressuretheir whole way of life,even if their bodies,became radicaily S6. __________ changed. They became chasers,runners,jumpers,aimers,throwers and prey-killers. They co-operate as skillful male-group S7. __________ attackers.Then,about ten thousand years ago,when this immensely S8. __________ long formative period of hunting for food,they becamefarmers. Their improved intelligence,so vital to their oldhunting life,were put to a new use—that of penning (把S9. __________ ……关在圈中),controlling and domesticating their prey. Thefood was there on the farms,awaiting their needs. The risks anduncertainties of farming were no longer essential for survival. S10.__________ S1. Viewing → Viewed S2. inaccurate → accurateS3. (enjoys) → he (enjoys) S4. up → backS5. year → years S6. (even) if → (even) /S7. co-operate → co-operated S8. when → afterS9. were → was S10.. farming → huntingPassage 6More people die of tuberculosis (结核病) than of anyother disease caused by a single agent. This has probablybeen the case in quite a while. During the early stages of 71. __________the industrial revolution,perhaps one in every seventh 72. __________ deaths in Europe’s crowded cities were caused by the73. __________ disease. From now on,though,western eyes,missing the 74. __________ global picture,saw the trouble going into decline. Withoccasional breaks for war,the rates of death andinfection in the Europe and America dropped steadily 75. __________ through the 19th and 20th centuries. In the 1950s,theintroduction of antibiotics (抗菌素) strengthened thetrend in rich countries,and the antibiotics were allowedto be imported to poor countries. Medical researchers 76. __________ declared victory and withdrew.They are wrong. In the mid-1980s the frequency of 77. __________ infections and deaths started to pick up again around theworld. Where tuberculosis vanished,it came back;in 78. __________ many places where it had never been away,it grew better. 79. __________ The World Health Organization estimates that 1.7billion people (a third of the earth’s population) sufferfrom tuberculosis. Even the infection rate wasfalling,population growth kept the number of clinicalcases more or less constantly at 8 million a year. Around 80. __________ 3 million of those people died,nearly all of them in poorcountries.71. in → for 72. seventh → seven73. were → was 74. now → then75. the → / 76. imported → exported77. are → were 78. vanished → had ~79. better → worse 80. constantly → constantPassage 7When you start talking about good and bad manners youimmediately start meeting difficulties. Many people just cannotagree what they mean. We asked a lady,who replied that shethought you could tell a well-manned person on the way they 71. __________ occupied the space around them—for example,when such aperson walks down a street he or she is constantly unaware of 72. __________ others. Such people never bump into other people.However,a second person thought that this was more aquestion of civilized behavior as good manners. Instead,this 73. __________ other person told us a story,it he said was quite well known, 74. __________ about an American who had been invited to an Arab meal at 75. __________ one of the countries of the Middle East. The American hasn’t76. __________ been told very much about the kind of food he might expect. Ifhe had known about American food,he might have behaved 77. __________ better.Immediately before him was a very flat piece of bread thatlooked,to him,very much as a napkin(餐巾). Picking it 78. __________ up,he put it into his collar,so that it falls across his shirt. 79. __________ His Arab host,who had been watching,said of nothing,but 80. __________ immediately copied the action of his guest.And that,said this second person,was a fine example ofgood manners.71. (on the way) → in the way 72. unaware → aware73. as → than 74. it → which75. at → in 76. hasn’t →hadn’t77. American → Arab 78. as → like79. falls → fell 80. of → /Passage 8Until the very latest moment of his existence,man has beenbound to the planet on which he originated and devel-oped. Now he had the capability to leave that planet and move 71. __________ out into the universe to those worlds which he has knownpreviously only directly. Men have explored parts of the moon. 72. __________ put spaceships in orbit around another planet and possibly withinthe decade will land into another planet and explore it. Can we be 73. __________ too bold as to suggest that we may be able to colonize other 74. __________ planet within the not-too-distant future?Some have advocated 75. __________ such a procedure as a solution to the population problem:ship theexcess people off to the moon. But we must keep in head the 76. __________ billions of dollars we might spend in carrying out the project. Tomaintain the earth’s population at its present level,we would haveto blast off into space 7,500 people every hour of every day of theyear.Why are we spending so little money on space ex- 77. __________ ploration?Consider the great need for improving many aspects 78. __________ of the global environment,one is surely justified in hisconcern for the money and resources that they are poured into 79. __________ the space exploration efforts. But perhaps we should look atboth sides of the coin before arriving hasty conclusions. 80. __________ 71. had → has 72. directly → indirectly73. into → on 74. too → so75. planet → planets / worlds 76. head → mind77. little → much 78. Consider → Considering79. they → /80. (arriving) → (arriving) at 或arriving → reaching/drawing/makingPassage 9Most people work to earn a living and theyProduce goods and services. Goods are eitheragricultural (like maize) or manufactured (likecars). Services are such things like education, 1.________ medicine,and commerce. These people provide 2.________ goods;some provide services. Other people provideboth goods or services. For example,in the same 3.________ garage a man may buy a car or some service whichhelps him maintain his car.The work people do is called as economic 4.________ activity. All economic activities taken together makeup the economic system of a town,a city,a country,or the world. Such economic system is the sum-total 5._________ of what people do and what they want. The workpeople do either provides what they need or providesthe money with that they can by essential 6.________ commodities. Of course,most people hope to haveenough money to buy commodities and services whichare essential but which provide some particular 7.________ personal satisfaction,such as toys for children,visits 8._______ the cinema,and books.The science of economics is basic upon the facts 9.________ of our everyday lives. Economists study our every daylives and the general life of our communities in orderto understand the whole economic system of which weare a part. They try to describe the facts of theeconomy in which we live,and to explain how itworks. The economist methods should of course be 10.________ strictly objective and scientific.1.like -> as2.these -> some3.or -> and4.as -> \ 去掉as5.Such economic system -> Such∧an economic system6.that -> which7.are essential -> are∧not essential 或者essential -> non-essential8.visits the cinema -> visits∧to the cinema9.basic -> based10.The economist methods -> The economist’s methodsThe economists’ methodsPassage 10Parents can be supportive of suspicions. Theycan be helpful to the teacher,or are in need of help 1.themselves. Sometimes,I think parents are too hardto their children. I have seen many parents of this 2.kind. I often have the problem of parents coming inand telling me what they really treat their kids. They 3.tell me that they usually stand over their kinds whenthey do their homework. They check their work andmake big fuss over the grades. They criticize the kids 4.over everything having to do with school. Myresponse usually is:”well,you know,he is really agood kid. He is fine in my class. Maybe you shouldnot be too stri ct with them.” 5.We want parents to realize the fact that teachersare professors at working with children. They have 6. observed many children and many parents. Becauseof this,and because of their specialized training, teachers can be realistic about children. Teachersknow whether parents want their children to do well 7. and to behave well. But teachers know less what 8. children should be able to do at different ages and stages. They don’t expect th e 8-year-olds to do the work that can only be done by the 12-year-olds. Parents,in the contrary,often expect their children 9. to do what is usually beyond their age and ability. Obviously,this may make great harm to the 10.c hildren’s development.1.are -> be2.be hard to -> be hard on3.what -> how4.make big fuss -> make a big fuss5.them -> him6.professors -> expertsprofessional7.whether -> \that8.less -> morebetter9.in the contrary -> on the contrary10.make harm to -> do harm toPassage 11Closure is the positive felling you get when youfinish a task. Lack of closure results from the 1.________ panicked feeling that you still have a million things todo. One way to obtain closure is divide a task into 2.________ manageable goals,list them,and check them offyour list as you finish them. For example,supposeyour historic teacher assigns three chapters to be 3.________ read. If your goal is to read all three chapters,youmay feel discouraged if you don’t complete thereading at one time. A more effective way tocomplete the assignment is to divide the reading intosmaller goals by thinking each chapter as a separate 4.________ goal. Thus you experience success as you complete.each chapter. While you have completed the overall 5.________ goal,you know you have progressed toward it.A second block to obtaining closure is unfinishedbusiness. You may have several tasks with the samedeadline. If changing from one task to another serves 6. ________ as a break,changing tasks too often waste time. 7. ________ Each time you switch,you lose momentum. Youmay be unable to change mental gears fast enough.You may find yourself thinking about the old projectwhen you should be concentrating in the new one. In 8. ________ addition,when you return to your first task,youhave to review where you are and what steps were 9. ________ left for you to finish.Often you solve this problem by determininghow much time you have free to work. If the timeavailable is short (i.e. ,an hour or less),you need towork on only one task. Alternate tasks when youhave more time. Completing one task or a largeportion of a task attributes to the feeling of closure. 10.______1.result from -> result in2.is divide -> is to divide3.historic teacher-> history teacher4.think each chapter -> think∧of each chapter5.have completed-> have∧not completed6.If->Although7.waste -> wastes8.concentrate in -> concentrate on9.review where you are->review where you were10.attributes to -> contribute toPassage 12Oral health care is,these days,a big,boom 1. business. According to Ralph Nader,American 2. spend some $5 billion on dental care each year. Yet,although the tremendous amounts of money,time 3.and energy giving over to oral health,dental 4. literature indicates that about half the population inthis country has lost all of his natural teeth by age 5.65. Nearly half of all people over age 20 wear a bridgeor denture,and more than 30 percent havecomplete upper and lower dentures. By age 50,oneout of every two persons have gum disease. 6.The dental profession blames neglectfulAmericans themselves. About half the population,itclaims,fails in visit the dentist regularly and some 30 7.million never did. Critics,on the other hand slam 8. the profession. It can be conservatively estimatedthat at least 15 percent of United States dentists are 9. incompetent,honest,or both,says a former 10. Pennsylvania Commissioner of Insurance. Some haveset the figure as high as 50 percent.1.boom -> booming2.American->Americans3.although->despite4.giving->given5.his -> its6.have -> has7.fails in visit -> fails to visit8.never did-> never do9.United States-> the United States10.incompetent,honest,or both-> incompetent,dishonest,or both。