大学英语四级改错题12篇Passage 1Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions:This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (／) in the blank.Example:Television is rapidly becoming the literatures of our periods. 1. time/times/periodMany of the arguments having used for the study of literature 2. ／___________∧ study of television. 3. the___________One major decision which faces the American student ready tobegin higher education is the choice of attending a largeuniversity or a small college. The large university provides awide range of specialized departments, as well numerous 71. __________courses within such departments. The small college, therefore, 72. __________generally provides a limited number of courses andspecializations but offer a better student-faculty ratio, thus 73. __________permit individualized attention to student. Because of its large 74. __________student body (often exceeding 20,000) consisting in many 75. __________people from different countries the university exposes itsstudents to many different culture, social and out-of-class 76. __________programmes. On the other hand, the smaller, morehomogeneous(同性质的) student body of the big college 77. __________affords greater opportunities in such activities. Finally, theuniversity closely approximates the real world and which 78. __________provides a relaxed, impersonal, and sometimes anonymous(隐姓埋名的) existence, on the contrast, the intimate 79. __________atmosphere of the small college allows the student four years ofstructural living in which to expect and preparing for the real 80. __________world. In making his choice among educational institutions thestudent must, there fore, consider a great many factors.71. (well) → (well) as 72. therefore → however73. offer → offers 74. permit → permitting75. in → of 76. culture → cultural77. big → small 78. and → / 或and → which, this79. contrast → contrary 80. preparing → preparePassage 2Thomas Malthus published his "Essay on the Principleof Population" almost 200 years ago. Ever since then,forecasters have being warning that worldwide famine was S1. _____ just around the next corner. The fast-growing population'sdemand for food, they warned, would soon exceed their S2. _____ supply, leading to widespread food shortages and starvation.But in reality, the world's total grain harvest has risensteadily over the years. Except for relative isolated trouble S3. _____spots like present-day Somalia, and occasional years ofgood harvests, the world's food crisis has remained just S4. _____ around the corner. Most experts believe this can continueeven as if the population doubles by the mid-21st century, S5. _____ although feeding I0 billion people will not be easy forpolitics, economic and environmental reasons. Optimists S6. _____ point to concrete examples of continued improvementsin yield. In Africa, by instance, improved seed, more S7. _____ fertilizer and advanced growing practices have more thandouble corn and wheat yields in an experiment. Elsewhere, S8. _____ rice experts in the Philippines are producing a plant with few S9. _____ stems and more seeds. There is no guarantee that plantbreeders can continue to develop new, higher-yieldingcrop, but most researchers see their success to date as reason S10. _____ for hope.S1. being→been S2. their→itsS3. relative→relatively S4. good→badS5. as→去掉S6. politics→politicalS7. by→for S8. double→doubledS9. few→more S10. reason→the reasonPassage 3The Seattle Times Company is one newspaper firm thathas recognized the need for change and done something aboutit. In the newspaper industry, papers must reflect the diversityof the communities to which they provide information.It must reflect that diversity with their news coverage or risk S1. _________losing their readers’ interest and their advertisers’ support.Operating within Seattle, which has 20 percents racial S2. _________minorities, the paper has put into place policies andprocedures for hiring and maintain a diverse workforce. The S3. _________underlying reason for the change is that for information to befair, appropriate, and subjective, it should be reported by the S4. _________same kind of population that reads it.A diversity committee composed of reporters, editors,andphotographers meets regularly to value the Seattle Times’S5. _________content and to educate the rest of the newsroom staff aboutdiversity issues. In an addition, the paper instituted a content S6. _________audit (审查) that evaluates the frequency and manner ofrepresentation of woman and people of color in photographs. S7. _________Early audits showed that minorities were pictured far tooinfrequently and were pictured with a disproportionatenumber of negative articles. The audit results from S8. _________improvement in the frequency of majority representation and S9. _________their portrayal in neutral or positive situations. And, with a S10. _________result, the Seattle Times has improved as a newspaper.The diversity training and content audits helped theSeattle Times Company to win the Personal JournalOptimas Award for excellence in managing change.S1. it → they S2. percents → percentS3. maintain → maintaining S4. subjective → objectiveS5. value → evaluate S6. an → /S7. woman → women S8. from → inS9. majority → minority S10. with → asPassage 4A great many cities are experiencing difficulties whichare nothing new in the history of cities, except in their scale.Some cities have lost their original purpose and have not foundnew one. And any large or rich city is going to attract poor S1. __________ immigrants, who flood in, filling with hopes of prosperity S2. __________ which are then often disappointing. There are backward townson the edge of Bombay or Brasilia, just as though there were S3. __________ on the edge of seventeenth-century London or early nine-teenth-century Paris. This is new is the scale. Descriptions S4. __________ written by eighteenth-century travelers of the poor of MexicoCity, and the enormous contrasts that was to be found there, S5. __________ are very dissimilar to descriptions of Mexico City today—the S6. __________ poor can still be numbered in millions.The whole monstrous growth rests on economic prosper-ity, but behind it lies two myths: the myth of the city as a S7. __________ promised land, that attracts immigrants from rural poverty S8. __________ and brings it flooding into city centers, and the myth of the S9. __________ country as a Garden of Eden, which, a few generations late, S10. __________ sends them flooding out again to the suburbs.S1. new → a new S2. filling → filledS3. though → if S4. This → WhatS5. was → were S6. dissimilar → similarS7. lies → lie S8. that → whichS9. it → them S10. late → laterPassage 5Sporting activities are essentially modified forms ofhunting behavior. Viewing biologically, the modern S1. __________ footballer is revealed as a member of a disguised huntingpack. His killing weapon has turned into a harmless footballand his prey into a goal-mouth. If his aim is inaccurate and he S2. __________ scores a goal, enjoys the hunter’s triumph of killing his prey.To understand how this transformation has taken place we S3. __________ must briefly look up at our ancient ancestors. They spent over a S4. __________ million year evolving as co-operative hunters. Their very survival S5. __________ depended on success in the hunting-field. Under this pressuretheir whole way of life, even if their bodies, became radicaily S6. __________changed. They became chasers, runners, jumpers, aimers,throwers and prey-killers. They co-operate as skillful male-group S7. __________ attackers.Then, about ten thousand years ago, when this immensely S8. __________ long formative period of hunting for food, they becamefarmers. Their improved intelligence, so vital to their oldhunting life, were put to a new use—that of penning (把S9. __________ ……关在圈中), controlling and domesticating their prey. Thefood was there on the farms, awaiting their needs. The risks anduncertainties of farming were no longer essential for survival. S10.__________S1. Viewing → Viewed S2. inaccurate → accurateS3. (enjoys) → he (enjoys) S4. up → backS5. year → years S6. (even) if → (even) /S7. co-operate → co-operated S8. when → afterS9. were → was S10.. farming → huntingPassage 6More people die of tuberculosis (结核病) than of anyother disease caused by a single agent. This has probablybeen the case in quite a while. During the early stages of 71. __________ the industrial revolution, perhaps one in every seventh 72. __________ deaths in Europe’s crowded cities were caused by th e 73. __________ disease. From now on, though, western eyes, missing the 74. __________ global picture, saw the trouble going into decline. Withoccasional breaks for war, the rates of death andinfection in the Europe and America dropped steadily 75. __________ through the 19th and 20th centuries. In the 1950s, theintroduction of antibiotics (抗菌素) strengthened thetrend in rich countries, and the antibiotics were allowedto be imported to poor countries. Medical researchers 76. __________ declared victory and withdrew.They are wrong. In the mid-1980s the frequency of 77. __________ infections and deaths started to pick up again around theworld. Where tuberculosis vanished, it came back; in 78. __________ many places where it had never been away, it grew better. 79. __________ The World Health Organization estimates that 1.7billion people (a third of the earth’s population) sufferfrom tuberculosis. Even the infection rate wasfalling, population growth kept the number of clinicalcases more or less constantly at 8 million a year. Around 80. __________ 3 million of those people died, nearly all of them in poorcountries.71. in → for 72. seventh → seven73. were → was 74. now → then75. the → / 76. imported → exported77. are → were 78. vanished → had ~79. better → worse 80. constantly → constantPassage 7When you start talking about good and bad manners youimmediately start meeting difficulties. Many people just cannotagree what they mean. We asked a lady, who replied that shethought you could tell a well-manned person on the way they 71. __________ occupied the space around them—for example, when such aperson walks down a street he or she is constantly unaware of 72. __________ others. Such people never bump into other people.However, a second person thought that this was more aquestion of civilized behavior as good manners. Instead, this 73. __________ other person told us a story, it he said was quite well known, 74. __________ about an American who had been invited to an Arab meal at 75. __________ one of the countries of the Middle East. The American hasn’t76. __________ been told very much about the kind of food he might expect. Ifhe had known about American food, he might have behaved 77. __________ better.Immediately before him was a very flat piece of bread thatlooked, to him, very much as a napkin（餐巾）. Picking it 78. __________ up, he put it into his collar, so that it falls across his shirt. 79. __________ His Arab host, who had been watching, said of nothing, but 80. __________ immediately copied the action of his guest.And that, said this second person, was a fine example ofgood manners.71. (on the way) → in the way 72. unaware → aware73. as → than 74. it → which75. at → in 76. hasn’t →hadn’t77. American → Arab 78. as → like79. falls → fell 80. of → /Passage 8Until the very latest moment of his existence, man has beenbound to the planet on which he originated and devel-oped. Now he had the capability to leave that planet and move 71. __________ out into the universe to those worlds which he has knownpreviously only directly. Men have explored parts of the moon. 72. __________ put spaceships in orbit around another planet and possibly withinthe decade will land into another planet and explore it. Can we be 73. __________ too bold as to suggest that we may be able to colonize other 74. __________ planet within the not-too-distant future? Some have advocated 75. __________ such a procedure as a solution to the population problem: ship theexcess people off to the moon. But we must keep in head the 76. __________ billions of dollars we might spend in carrying out the project. Tomaintain the earth’s population at its present level, we would haveto blast off into space 7,500 people every hour of every day of theyear.Why are we spending so little money on space ex- 77. __________ ploration? Consider the great need for improving many aspects 78. __________of the global environment, one is surely justified in hisconcern for the money and resources that they are poured into 79. __________ the space exploration efforts. But perhaps we should look atboth sides of the coin before arriving hasty conclusions. 80. __________71. had → has 72. directly → indirectly73. into → on 74. too → so75. planet → planets / worlds 76. head → mind77. little → much 78. Consider → Considering79. they → /80. (arriving) → (arriving) at 或arriving → reaching/drawing/makingPassage 9Most people work to earn a living and theyProduce goods and services. Goods are eitheragricultural (like maize) or manufactured (likecars). Services are such things like education, 1.________ medicine, and commerce. These people provide 2.________ goods; some provide services. Other people provideboth goods or services. For example, in the same 3.________ garage a man may buy a car or some service whichhelps him maintain his car.The work people do is called as economic 4.________ activity. All economic activities taken together makeup the economic system of a town, a city, a country,or the world. Such economic system is the sum-total 5._________ of what people do and what they want. The workpeople do either provides what they need or providesthe money with that they can by essential 6.________ commodities. Of course, most people hope to haveenough money to buy commodities and services whichare essential but which provide some particular 7.________ personal satisfaction, such as toys for children, visits 8._______ the cinema, and books.The science of economics is basic upon the facts 9.________ of our everyday lives. Economists study our every daylives and the general life of our communities in orderto understand the whole economic system of which weare a part. They try to describe the facts of theeconomy in which we live, and to explain how itworks. The economist methods should of course be 10.________ strictly objective and scientific.1．like －> as2．these －> some3．or －> and4．as －> \ 去掉as5．Such economic system －> Such∧an economic system6．that －> which7．are essential －> are∧not essential 或者essential －> non-essential 8．visits the cinema －> visits∧to the cinema9．basic －> based10．The economist methods －> The economist’s methodsThe economists’ methodsPassage 10Parents can be supportive of suspicions. Theycan be helpful to the teacher, or are in need of help 1.themselves. Sometimes, I think parents are too hardto their children. I have seen many parents of this 2.kind. I often have the problem of parents coming inand telling me what they really treat their kids. They 3.tell me that they usually stand over their kinds whenthey do their homework. They check their work andmake big fuss over the grades. They criticize the kids 4.over everything having to do with school. Myresponse usually is: ”well, you know, he is really agood kid. He is fine in my class. Maybe you shouldnot be too strict with them.” 5.We want parents to realize the fact that teachersare professors at working with children. They have 6.observed many children and many parents. Becauseof this, and because of their specialized training,teachers can be realistic about children. Teachersknow whether parents want their children to do well 7.and to behave well. But teachers know less what 8.children should be able to do at different ages andstages. They don’t expect the 8-year-olds to do thework that can only be done by the 12-year-olds.Parents, in the contrary, often expect their children 9.to do what is usually beyond their age and ability.Obviously, this may make great harm to the 10.children’s development.1．are －> be2．be hard to －> be hard on3．what －> how4．make big fuss －> make a big fuss5．them －> him6．professors －> expertsprofessional7．whether －> \that8．less －> morebetter9．in the contrary －> on the contrary10．make harm to －> do harm toPassage 11Closure is the positive felling you get when youfinish a task. Lack of closure results from the 1.________ panicked feeling that you still have a million things todo. One way to obtain closure is divide a task into 2.________ manageable goals, list them, and check them offyour list as you finish them. For example, supposeyour historic teacher assigns three chapters to be 3.________ read. If your goal is to read all three chapters, youmay feel discouraged if you don’t complete thereading at one time. A more effective way tocomplete the assignment is to divide the reading intosmaller goals by thinking each chapter as a separate 4.________ goal. Thus you experience success as you complete.each chapter. While you have completed the overall 5.________ goal, you know you have progressed toward it.A second block to obtaining closure is unfinishedbusiness. You may have several tasks with the samedeadline. If changing from one task to another serves 6. ________ as a break, changing tasks too often waste time. 7. ________ Each time you switch, you lose momentum. Youmay be unable to change mental gears fast enough.You may find yourself thinking about the old projectwhen you should be concentrating in the new one. In 8. ________ addition, when you return to your first task, youhave to review where you are and what steps were 9. ________ left for you to finish.Often you solve this problem by determininghow much time you have free to work. If the timeavailable is short (i.e. ,an hour or less), you need towork on only one task. Alternate tasks when youhave more time. Completing one task or a largeportion of a task attributes to the feeling of closure. 10.______1．result from －> result in2．is divide －> is to divide3．historic teacher－> history teacher4．think each chapter －> think∧of each chapter5．have completed－> have∧not completed6．If－>Although7．waste －> wastes8．concentrate in －> concentrate on9．review where you are－>review where you were10．attributes to －> contribute toPassage 12Oral health care is, these days, a big, boom 1. business. According to Ralph Nader, American 2. spend some $5 billion on dental care each year. Yet,although the tremendous amounts of money, time 3.and energy giving over to oral health, dental 4. literature indicates that about half the population inthis country has lost all of his natural teeth by age 5.65. Nearly half of all people over age 20 wear a bridgeor denture, and more than 30 percent havecomplete upper and lower dentures. By age 50, oneout of every two persons have gum disease. 6.The dental profession blames neglectfulAmericans themselves. About half the population, itclaims, fails in visit the dentist regularly and some 30 7. million never did. Critics, on the other hand slam 8. the profession. It can be conservatively estimatedthat at least 15 percent of United States dentists are 9. incompetent, honest, or both, says a former 10. Pennsylvania Commissioner of Insurance. Some haveset the figure as high as 50 percent.1．boom －> booming2．American－>Americans3．although－>despite4．giving－>given5．his －> its6．have －> has7．fails in visit －> fails to visit8．never did－> never do9．United States－> the United States10．incompetent，honest，or both－> incompetent, dishonest, or both。
