高中英语 现在分词与过去分词 讲解与练习

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本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请下载收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步,以下为 <（完整版)高中英语现在分词与过去分词讲解与练Lesson 6 现在分词与过去分词一、非谓语动词的分类：1.不定式（to do ）__________________________2.动名词（——ing）_________________________3.现在分词(-—ing）________________________4.过去分词(--ed）______________________二、分词作表语1）现在分词做表语，说明主语的_____，相当于________，主语通常是____The film is ______. The music is ________.The news sounds ___________2)过去分词做表语，说明主语的_____，主语通常是_____We are ______ by the movie.He felt _________to meet us here.They are _________with the result。

高中英语现在分词，过去分词用法讲义及练习要点回顾：①现在分词—结构及时态，语态意义②-成分：定语（逻主：被修饰词）表语（逻主：主语）补语包括宾补（逻主：宾语）和主补（逻主：主语）状语（逻主：一般为主句的主语，若不一致，须把分词本身的主语补出，放在分词前面）③--区分点：⑴定语—放于一个n./pron.（短语）前或后，且与该词产生修饰关系。

如：falling leaves , the boy being punishedThe famous painter, being reported on the TV, has been awarded Nobel prize.⑵表语—放于系动词后，构成系表结构，且说明主语的性质和特征。

如：The story is interesting .⑶补语—补出说明宾语/主语的内容意义。

宾补放在宾语后，主补放在谓语动词后。

如:She saw the thief being caught by the police.The thief was seen breaking into a house.⑷状语：与主句之间有逗号隔开，放于句首或句末。

与主句形成时间，地点原因，方式，让步，伴随等逻辑关系。

④做题步骤：⒈读题，分析题意⒉判断成分⒊找出语态(根据与逻辑主语之间的语态关系判断)⒋找出时态（根据句子中谓语的时态或者时间状语判断）另外：①V+ing 还有另外一个名字哦：动名词！只能做句子的主语，宾语，表语，补语。

② V+ed 又名： done ,过去分词。

成分，区分点，做题步骤均跟V+ing 相同。

不同点在于：V+ed 时态上表示已经完成，语态上表示被动。

如： the injured workers 受伤的工人。

（单个分词前置）a book written by Lu Xun （分词短语后置）a broken glass 一个被打破了的杯子。

（及物动词的过去分词表示被动、完成）a retired teacher （不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成）小练笔：看看你理解掌握了哪些？一．比较下列1.2.3题，选出最合适的答案1._____ from the top of the TV tower, we can get a beautiful sight of most of the city.A. To seeB. SeenC. SeeingD. See2.____ from the top of the TV tower, the city got more beautiful.A. To seeB. SeenC. SeeingD. See3．_____ from the top of the TV tower, and we can get a beautiful sight of most of the city.A. To seeB. SeenC. SeeingD. See再试试其他题吧：1. All things _____, the planned trip will have to be called off.A. be consideredB. consideringC. having consideredD. considered2. _____ in 1613, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United Stated.A. being foundedB. FoundedC. It was foundedD. Founding3. _____ more attention, the tree could have grown better.A. GivenB. To giveC. GivingD. Having given4. ____ alone in the dark room, the little boy was so frightened as to cry.A. LeavingB. LeftC. To be leftD. Having left5. ______ in a friendly way, their quarrel came to an end.A. Being settledB. Having settledC. SettledD. Settling6. He must be angry, for we heard the glass ____ on the floor.A, being broken B. break C. to be break D. broken7.____in this way, the situation doesn't seem so disappointing. (00,1)A) To look B) Looking at C) Looked at D) To be looked at8, You will see this product ____ wherever you go. (00,6)A) to be advertised B) advertised C) advertise D) advertising9.From the dates ____ on the plates, we decided that they were made in Song Dynasty.A) marking B) having been marked C) marked D) to be marked10.She stood by the window, ____.A) thinking B) think C) thought D) thinks11.____ to meet anybody, he went in from the back door.A) Not wishing B) Wishing C) Not wished D) No wishing12.The old man came upstairs with great strength, his right hand ____ a stick for support.A) held B) holding C) being holding D) was holding13.____ three times in a row, the boxer decide to give up fighting.A) having defeated B) To have defeatedC) having been defeated D) To have been defeated14.I understood you were third-year students ____ in English.A) who majors B) who major is C) have majored D) majoring15.A cool rain was falling, ___ with snow. A) mixed B) mixing C) to mix D) having mixed16.____ by the police, the kidnappers had no choice but to surrender.A) Surrounded B) Surrounding C) having surrounded D) To be surrounded17.All the exam papers ____, the teacher sent the class home.A) having been handed in B) having hands in C) handing in D) being handed in18.___ in Beijing for quite a few years, Mr. Park had little difficulty understanding Chinese.A) having lived B) Lived C) Living D) To live19.Any packet ____ properly will not be accepted by the post office.A) not to be wrapped B) not being wrappedC) not wrapped D) not having been wrapped20.He was sitting in the chair, ____ a book. A) read B) was reading C) readingD) with reading。

过去分词讲解及习题（附答案）过去分词的用法有两个特点：一是表示完成，二是表示被动。

规则动词的过去分词在动词原形后加“ed”构成，不规则动词的过去分词变化见不规则动词表。

1. 及物动词的过去分词作表语, 与句子主语是被动关系, 表示主语的状态, 既表示被动,又表示完成。

The cup is broken. 茶杯破了。

2. 不及物动词的过去分词作表语, 与句子主语是主动关系, 表示主语的状态, 只表示动作的完成。

He is retired. 他已退休。

3. 有些过去分词作表语时, 构成的谓语很接近被动结构。

过去分词作表语The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains. 这座城市三面环山。

【注意】过去分词作表语与作被动句谓语的区别: 过去分词作表语, 主要是表示主语的状态, 而作被动句谓语则表示动作。

The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. 茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的。

(是被动语态, 表示动作)(2) The library is now closed. 图书馆关门了。

(过去分词作表语)【注意】过去分词表示被动或完成, -ing 形式表示主动或进行. 有些动词如：interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten 等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人, 用 -ing 形式来修饰物.(3) The book is interesting and I'm interested in it.这本书很有趣, 我对它很感兴趣。

过去分词作定语作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词, 其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。

及物动词的过去分词作定语, 既表被动又表完成; 不及物动词的过去分词作定语, 只表完成。

1. 过去分词用作定语, 如果是单个的, 常置于其所修饰的名词之前。

We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.2. 过去分词短语用作定语时, 一般置于其所修饰的名词之后, 其意义相当于一个定语从句, 但较从句简洁, 多用于书面语中。

过去分词和现在分词的用法技巧解析过去分词和现在分词是英语语法中常用的两种非谓语动词形式。

它们在句子中具有较为灵活多样的用法，能够为句子赋予不同的语法功能和修饰作用。

本文将就过去分词和现在分词的用法技巧进行解析。

一、过去分词的用法技巧1. 作为形容词修饰名词过去分词可以作为形容词，修饰名词，表示名词的状态、属性或感受等。

例如：- a broken window（一个破碎的窗户）- a excited child（一个激动的孩子）- a surprised look（一个吃惊的神情）2. 与连系动词连用过去分词与连系动词（如be, seem, appear等）连用，构成系表结构，表示主语的状态或特征。

例如：- The book is written by a famous writer.（这本书是由一位著名作家所写的）- She seemed lost in thought.（她似乎陷入沉思中）3. 作为介词的宾语过去分词可以作为介词的宾语，表示动作的被动、完成或结果。

例如：- He is proud of having won the competition.（他为自己赢得了比赛而感到骄傲）- I am tired of being treated unfairly.（我厌倦了受到不公平对待）4. 与情态动词连用过去分词与情态动词（如can, could, may, might等）连用，表示对过去某一动作或状态的推测或假设。

例如：- He may have finished his homework.（他可能已经完成了作业）- She could have missed the train.（她可能错过了火车）二、现在分词的用法技巧1. 作为形容词修饰名词现在分词可以作为形容词，修饰名词，表示名词的特点、特征或状态等。

例如：- a running river（一条流动的河流）- a smiling face（一个微笑的脸）2. 作为主动语态的非谓语动词现在分词可以独立担任主语、宾语或表语等成分，表示某个正在进行的动作或状态。

现在分词与过去分词讲解及练习-ing分词、-ed分词一、注意点1、否定形式（前面加not）Not given a chance, he felt disappointed.Not knowing what to do, he turned to me for help.2、不及物动词、连系动词常用现在分词做定语、状语等；及物动词常用过去分词。

There are many events happening in the world everyday.provide help for the people going hungry.the remained books3、现在分词表动作的主动或正在发生；过去分词表动作的被动或已经完成。

the falling/ fallen leaves the boiling/ boiled water the rising/ risen sunthe developed/ developing countries a polluted river a sleeping boy4、分词不具有名词特征，不可做主语或宾语。

（定语、表语、状语、宾补/主补）Participating in various social activities is beneficial to our future. (动名词)Praised in public made him shy. (错)Being praised in public made him shy.二、做定语/表语1、和定语从句的转换The student who is sleeping has suffered a high fever.The sleeping student has suffered a high fever.Those who have drunk the water which is polluted may get poisoned.Those who have drunk the polluted water may get poisoned.2、单个分词做定语常置于名词之前；分词短语常置于名词之后。

分词 分为现在分词和过去分词：现在分词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有形容词和副词的句法功能。

1、现在分词的形式： 否定式：not + 现在分词现在分词（1）现在分词的主动语态：现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，常作状语。

They went to the park, singing and talking. 他们边唱边说向公园走去。

他们边唱边说向公园走去。

Having done his homework, he played basket-ball. 做完作业，他开始打篮球。

篮球。

（2）现在分词的被动语态：一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作，完成式表示发生在谓语动的动作，完成式表示发生在谓语动 词之前的被动的动作。

词之前的被动的动作。

The problem being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。

要。

Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake. 被告诉了好几遍，这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误。

被告诉了好几遍，这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误。

2．现在分词的句法功能：（1）作定语：现在分词作定语，当分词单独做定语时，放在所修饰的名词前；如果是分词短语做定语放在名词后，相当于定语从句。

In the following years he worked even harder. 在后来的几年中，他学习更努力了。

更努力了。

The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor's father. 正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。

与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。

①现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能，如：in the following years 也可用in the years that followed; the man speaking tothe teacher 可改为the man who is speaking to the teacher.②现在分词作定语表示动作正在进行或几乎同时若两个动作有先有后要用定语从句这时常用完成式。

现在分词与过去分词的区别与用法解析现在分词和过去分词是英语中两种常见的非谓语动词形式。

它们在形态和用法上有一些不同之处。

本文将详细解析这两种形式的区别和用法。

一、形态上的区别1. 现在分词的形态现在分词的形态是动词的-ing形式，例如：working, playing, eating 等。

当动词作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语和谓语等时，常用现在分词形式。

2. 过去分词的形态过去分词的形态通常是在动词原形的基础上加上-ed、-d、-en、-t等词尾，例如：worked, played, eaten等。

过去分词在完成时态和被动语态中常作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语等。

二、用法上的区别1. 现在分词的用法（1）作主语：现在分词可以作为主语出现在句子中，表示正在进行或经常性的动作。

例如："Reading books is my hobby."（阅读书籍是我的爱好。

）（2）作定语：现在分词可以修饰名词作定语，常表示主动、进行或经常性的动作。

例如："The running water is very clear."（流动的水非常清澈。

）（3）作宾语补足语：现在分词可以作及物动词的宾语补足语，表示正在进行或经常性的动作。

例如："I saw him painting the house."（我看见他正在刷房子。

）2. 过去分词的用法（1）作主语：过去分词可以作为主语出现在句子中，表示完成的动作或状态。

例如："Broken glass covered the ground."（破碎的玻璃铺满了地面。

）（2）作定语：过去分词可以修饰名词作定语，表示被动或完成的动作。

例如："The lost key has been found."（丢失的钥匙已经找到了。

）（3）作宾语补足语：过去分词可以作及物动词的宾语补足语，表示完成的动作或状态。

现在分词Form:⏹doing⏹having done(先后关系现在分词表示主动含义或动作正在进行。

Exercise: 划出句中的现在分词,并指出它在句中做何成分。

1. The three contestants were sitting at their desks on the stage, waiting.2. Hearing the news, he jumped with joy.3. Having finished his homework, he went out.4. People living in the cities used to regard farming as boring and backward.5. The changes in Sunqiao is very amazing.现在分词做定语:Exercise: Combine each pair of sentences1. The men are required to come to the headmaster’s office.They had some overseas working experience.2. The people take part in a variety of exerciseThey can keep healthy.3. The research at Sunqiao produces seeds.The seeds help farmers grow better crops.4. People used to regard farming as boring and backward.These people live in cities.5.Do you know the boy?He is standing under the tree.6. The spiders store the mice for later.The mice serve as a source of food.Exercise: compareThe swimming pool is clean and big.The swimming boy is his brother.The big writing desk is very expensive.The writing student is Tom’s classmate.现在分词作状语:时间,条件,伴随方式,原因,结果Exercise: rewrite the sentences1. Kitty heard the news. She jumped with joy.2. Tom put on his swim-suit. He dived into the swimming pool.3. While she was cooking, she burned her right hand.4. After he had finished his homework, he went out to play football.以上改写后的三个句子中的现在分词短语做______状语。

过去分词、现在分词练习题及答案过去分词专项练习过去分词两个显著的特点即：从时间上讲，表示动作已经完成；从语态上讲，表示被动的概念，但是如果是不及物动词用作过去分词形式，则只表示动作的完成，而没有被动意义。

如fallen leaves 落叶retired workers 退休工人。

过去分词主要起形容词或副词的作用，表示“被动、完成”的意义，在句中作状语、定语、补足语、表语等。

选择分词时，关键看分词与其逻辑主语的关系，若是其逻辑主语主动发出的动作，选用现在分词；若是被动动作，则选用过去分词。

过去分词用法总结如下：一、表语:1．The cup is broken.2． The door remains locked.3．She looked disappointed.二、定语：要求学生必须掌握过去分词做定语的位置，告诉他们单个过去分词及由过去分词构成的复合形容词作定语时，通常置于被修饰词之前，但修饰代词时，需置于被修饰词之后，而过去分词短语作定语也要后置，即要放在被修饰词之后。

1. We needed much more qualified workers. ( 单个过去分词作定语)2. The girl dressed in white is my daughter. ( 过去分词短语作定语)3. Is there anything unsolved?There is nothing changed here since I left this town.(如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one 所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时，即使是单个的过去分词作定语，也要放在被修饰词的后面)4. This is a state-owned factory.This is a newly built building.Advertising is a highly developed industry.(单个过去分词与名词或副词构成复合形容词时，放在其修饰的名词前作前置定语)三、宾语补足语：可以带过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有：1）see, hear, find, feel, think等表示感觉和心理状态的动词He found his hometown greatly changed when he came back from abroad.He once heard the song sung in German.Everyone thought the match lost.2) make, get, have, keep 等表示“致使”意义的动词：He’s going to have his hair cut.She had her foot injured in the fall.When you talk, you have to at least make yourself understood.Please keep us informed of the latest developments.( 请让我们了解最新的发展情况。

高中英语过去分词和现在分词专项练习（5篇模版）第一篇：高中英语过去分词和现在分词专项练习现在分词和过去分词专项练习1.____ the house on fire, he dialed 119.A.To seeB.SeeingC.Having seenD.Being seen2.I fell down and broke three of my teeth.I wonder how many times I have to come here and get my false teeth ____.A.fixB.fixingC.fixedD.to fix3.We’re ___ to listen to her ____ voice.It’s ___ to hear her sing.A.pleased;pleasing;pleasure B.pleased;pleasant;a pleasureC.pleasing;pleased;a pleasureD.pleasing;pleasant;pleasure4.___a post office, I stopped____ some stamps.A.Passed, buying B.Passing, to buy C.Having passed, buy D.Pass, to buy5.____with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at paringB.To compareparedD.Having compared6.Here are some new computer programs ____for home buildings.A.designingB.designC.designedD.to design7.____a little money, Jimmy was able to buy his mother a lovely new lamp.A.To saveC.SavedD.Having saved8.The teacher came into the classroom ____by his students.A.followingB.to be followingC.followedD.having followed9.With the money ___, he couldn’t buy any ticket.A.to loseB.losingC.lostD.has lost 10.There was so much noise in the room that the speaker couldn’t make himself ____.A.being heardB.hearingC.heardD.hear 11.The result of the test was rather _____.A.disappointedB.disappointingC.being disappointedD.disappoint12.I’ve never heard the word ____in spoken eedingD.being used13._____how to do the homework, I went to ask my teacher for help.A.Not to knowB.Not knowingC.Knowing notD.Not known14.Deeply __, I thanked her again and again.A.being movingC.movingD.to be moved15.With winter _____on, it’s time to buy warm clothes.A.came es e ing16.____the office, the foreign visitors were shown round the teaching building.A.Having shownB.ShowingC.Has shownD.Having been shown17.He went from door to door, ____waste papers and magazines.A.gatheringB.gatheredC.gatherD.being gathered18.The student corrected his paper carefully, ____the professor’s suggestions.A.followB.followingC.followedD.being followed19.The ___price will save you one dollar for each dozen.A.reduceB.reducingC.reducedD.reduces20.People ____in the city do not know the pleasure of country life.A.liveB.to liveC.livedD.living21.The foreigner tried his best, but he still couldn’t makehis point ___.A.understandB.understandingC.to understandD.understood22.The scientists were waiting to see the problem ______.A.settleB.settledC.to settleD.settling 23.The library’s study room is full of students _____for the exam.A.busily preparedB.busy preparingC.busily prepareD.are busily preparing 24.The ground is _____with ____ leaves.A.covering, fallingB.covered, fallingC.covered, fallenD.covering, fallen25.Lessons ____easily were soon forgotten.A.to learnB.learnC.learnedD.learning26.The wallet ____several days ago was found ____in the dustbin outside the building。

通常过去分词（以 -ed 结尾）用来谈论某人的感受，现在分词（以-ing结尾）用来谈论引起这种感觉的人、事或情况等，也即意为“令人怎么样的（-ing）”多用于形容词物，“怎么样的（-ed）”多用于形容词人，但这不是绝对的。

一、从括号中选择正确的分词来完成句子1. My nephew was _____ (amusing / amused) by the clown.2. It’s so _____ (frustrating / frustrated)! No matter how much I studyI can’t seem to remember this vocabulary.3. This lesson is so _____ (boring / bored)!4. I’m feeling _____(depressed / depressing), so I’m going to go home, eat some chocolate, and go to bed early with a good book.5. I thought her new idea was absolutely _____ (fascinated / fascinating).6. This maths problem is so _____ (confusing / confused). Can you help me?7. The teacher was really _____ (amusing / amused) so the lesson passed quickly.8. The journey was _____ (exhausting / exhausted)! Twelve hours by bus.9. The plane began to move in a rather _____ (alarming / alarmed) way.10. He was _____ (frightening / frightened) when he saw the spider.11. I was really _____ (embarrassing / embarrassed) when I fell over in the street.12. That film was so _____ (depressing / depressed)! There was no happy ending for any of the characters.13. I’m sorry, I can’t come tonight. I’m completely _____ (exhausting / exhausted).14. We are going in a helicopter? How _____ (exciting / excited)!15. Don’t show my baby photos to people, Mum!It’s so_____ (embarrassing / embarrassed)!16. It’s okay, it’s only me. Don’t be _____ (alarming / alarmed).17. My sister is so _____ (exciting / excited) because she is going on holiday tomorrow.18. I hate long flights, I’m always really _____ (boring / bored).19. She looked very _____ (confusing / confused) when I told her we had to change the plan.started learning languages. He decided to study more and now he can speak it fluently.二、答案、参考翻译及解析1. amused我侄子被小丑逗乐了。

高三英语语法专项讲解与练习分词也是一种限定动词，分为现在分词和过去分词。

它保留着动词的若干特征，又具有形容词、副词的特征。

分词有时态和语态变化，又带有宾语并能被状语修饰。

分词在句中主要作定语、状语用，作表语也十分普遍。

分词的作用⏹分词在句中可作定语、表语、状语、补足语等。

1 定语2 状语3 表语4 补足语5 独立结构分词的特征：现在分词：表主动，表现在进行，过去分词过被动，表动作完成或只表完成分词作定语分词作定语有两种形式。

它可以放在被修饰的名词之前，称为前置定语。

有的放在被修饰的名词之后，称为后置定语。

前置定语⏹He is a promising young man. 他是一个有前途的年轻人。

⏹Make less nois e. There‟s a sleeping child. 不要出太大声音，有个孩子在睡觉⏹We only sell used books. 。

我们只卖用过的书后置定语⏹The young man sitting between John and Mary is the editor of thecampus newspaper.坐在约翰和玛丽之间的那个年轻小伙子是校园报的编辑。

⏹The bridge built last month needs repairing.上个月建造的那座桥需要修理。

⏹过去分词作定语有的既可前置也可后置。

如：所有坏了的窗户已经修理好了。

All the broken windows have been repaired.All the windows broken have been repaired.⏹分词短语作定语必须置于被修饰词之后，相当于一个定语从句。

如：Those wishing to join this club should sign here.想加入本俱乐部的人在这里签名。

(=Those who wish to join the club should sign here.)The man, having been disturbed so badly, almost lost his memory.由于被严重困扰，这个人几乎失去了记忆。

高中英语分词的用法精讲精练基本概念：1.现在分词(V-ing) －涉及「主动」、「进行中」的事件。

2.过去分词(V-en/p.p.) －涉及「被动」、「已完成」的事件。

boil & waterdevelop & country☆分词可当形容词用。

The _______________(cry) boy is my brother.The _______________(break) cup is of no use.Don’t wak e up the _________________(sleep) child. [Exercise](1) Arrived home late last night, we found some of our furniture stolen. (选错)A B C D(2) ________ under a microscope, fresh snowflakes exhibit a wide variety of shapes.(A) Seeing (B) To see (C) When see (D) Seen1.分词构句限定用法当你使用分词构句时，想想分词和主要子句主词的关系。

若是主动→Ving…, S + V若是被动→V-en…, S + V[Exercise]1. The man who is standing by the door is my father.= The man _____________________ by the door is my father.2. The language which is spoken in America is English.= The language ___________________ in America is English.3. I heard him ___________________(sing) a song.I heard my name ___________________(call).4. Some students think that English is a _________________(bore) subject.5. I am __________________ (surprise) at the bad news.2.分词构句（主词一致）☆分词构句的前后句主词一致。

现在分词和过去分词的用法1)As Lily missed the bus, she was late for the class.Missing the bus, she was late for the class.2)As the student was scolded by the teacher, she felt unhappy.scolded by the teacher, she felt unhappy.一、现在分词（一）现在分词的定义：现在分词（Present Participle）(又称-ing形式、现在进行式) ，是分词的一种，由动词原形+ing形式组成。

具有双重性，一面具有动词的特征，可以有自己的宾语和状语；另一面具有形容词和副词的特征，可以充当表语，定语，状语，补足语，可以表示主动或正在进行的动作，是非谓语动词的一种。

（二）现在分词的功能与用法：1. 作定语单个分词作定语时放在所修饰的名词前，分词短语作定语时放在后，并且名词与现在分词之间存有逻辑上的主谓关系。

一般都可以转化为一个进行时的定语从句。

e.g. a running boy→ a boy who is runningan old man standing there →an old man who is standing there例如：The report indicated that 45% of students were in jobs not specific qualifications.A. requiringB. to be requiredC. being requiredD. to have required2. 作补语只有两类动词可以加现在分词作宾补:1）感官动词：see hear watch feel notice observe find listen to look at2）使役动词：have get make注意：要想用现在分词来作宾补,只能是用于这些词后,但是并不代表这些动词后的宾补形式都要用现在分词（有些后面可以加不带to的不定式作宾补）。

现在分词和过去分词的用法区别现在分词和过去分词都是英语中非常重要的语法形式，它们与动词密切相关，但在语法和用法上有其独特之处。

在本文中，我们将学习这两种分词的基本含义、语法用法以及相应的例子，以帮助大家更好地掌握这两种分词的用法区别。

1. 动态用法现在分词主要在动态用法中使用，表示正在进行或正在发生的动作（或状态）。

它通常表示主语正在进行的动作，也可以表示与主语有关的事情（例如，使动词、感觉动词和心理动词）。

以下是现在分词的动态用法的一些例子：- I'm taking a shower (我正在洗澡)。

- She's teaching her dog some tricks (她正在教她的狗一些技巧)。

- The music is playing loudly (音乐正在高声播放)。

- He's feeling sick today (他今天感觉不舒服)。

2. 形容词用法除了动态用法外，现在分词还可以用于形容词用法，形容词用法时表示主语的性质或特征。

这种用法通常用来描述对象或事物，并且可以被用作宾语或主语后的修饰语。

以下是现在分词的形容词用法的一些例子：4. 结构用法现在分词还可以用于结构用法，结构用法时通常用于现在分词和将来进行时或现在进行时一起使用，以强调某个动作或事件的重要性或长时间持续。

以下是现在分词的结构用法的一些例子：1. 过去的被动语态和完成时态过去分词主要用于过去的被动语态和完成时态。

它通常与 be 动词或 have 动词一起出现，以表示动词的被动或完成形式。

以下是过去分词的被动语态和完成时态的一些例子：可以看到，过去分词被用于描述过去的事情，例如完成的动作或被动的状态。

过去分词也可以用于形容词用法，表示受动作影响的人或物的性质或特征。

如过去分词可以形容被破坏的建筑物、被教育的学生等等。

以下是过去分词形容词用法的一些例子：3. 补语用法过去分词还可以用作补语，它是某些及物动词的现在分词形式，并在表达被动语态时使用，通常作为系动词 be 的补语。

现在分词与过去分词的用法分词作为英语语法的一种形式，在句子中起到了重要的作用。

其中，现在分词和过去分词是两种常见的形式，在句子中可用于表示动作或状态的变化。

本文将详细介绍现在分词和过去分词的用法及示例。

一、现在分词的用法1. 现在分词作状语现在分词可用作状语，修饰主句中的动词或整个句子。

它可以表示伴随、原因、结果等关系。

例1：Walking in the park, she enjoyed the beautiful scenery.（伴随关系）例2：Being tired, he decided to take a break.（原因关系）例3：The car crashed into a tree, killing the driver instantly.（结果关系）2. 现在分词作定语现在分词可以形容名词，作为定语修饰名词。

例4：The crying baby woke up the whole neighborhood.（形容词）例5：The running water sounded soothing.（形容词）3. 现在分词与现在分词短语现在分词与现在分词短语可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾补等。

例6：Smiling is contagious.（主语）例7：I saw him playing basketball in the park.（宾语）例8：Her main duty is taking care of the patients.（表语）例9：They kept the fire burning all night.（宾补）二、过去分词的用法1. 过去分词作定语过去分词可以修饰名词，作为定语使用。

例10：The broken window has been fixed.（形容词）例11：I visited the abandoned house yesterday.（形容词）2. 过去分词与过去分词短语过去分词与过去分词短语可以用作被动语态、完成时态、副词等。

过去分词与现在分词讲解及练习过去分词在时态上强调动作已经完成，在语态上侧重于被动；现在分词在时态上强调动作正在进行，在语态上侧重于主动。

1.分词作定语共同点：分词作定语时，如果分词只是一个单词，那么，该分词就位于其所修饰的名词之前；如果是分词短语，那么，该短语就位于其所修饰的名词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。

不同点：分词作定语时，被分词所修饰的名词就是该分词的逻辑主语。

但现在分词与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动关系，所示动作一般发生在谓语动词之前或同时发生。

There was a terrible noise the sudden burst of light. (following)What’s the language in Germany? (spoken)2.分词作表语共同点：分词作表语时，它起着形容词的作用。

不同点：分词作表语时，句子的主语就是该分词的逻辑主语。

但现在分词作表语时，与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作的一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动关系，所示动作一般发生在谓语动词之前或同时发生。

This news sounds ____. (encouraging)-How did the audience receive the new play?-They got very ____. (excited)3.分词作宾语补足语共同点：分词在复合宾语中可作宾语补足语，对句子的宾语起补充或说明作用。

不同点：分词作宾语补足语时，句子的宾语就是该分词的逻辑主语。

但现在分词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动关系，所示动作一般发生在谓语动词之前或同时发生。

The next morning she found the man ____ in bed, dead.A. lyingB. lieC. layD. laying (A)Good morning. Can I help you?-I’d like to have the package ____, madam.A. be weighedB. to be weighedC. to weighD. weighed (D)4.分词作状语共同点：分词作状语时，一般在句子中作时间、原因、方式或伴随等状语。