Computer Composition Lab Introductions计算机组成原理

介绍计算机组成原理这门学科的英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Principle of Computer OrganizationIntroductionComputer organization is a fundamental discipline in the field of computer science that deals with the study of the structure and components of computers. It is crucial for understanding how computers function and how they can be designed and optimized for various applications. In this essay, we will explore the principles of computer organization and discuss its importance in the modern technological landscape.The Basics of Computer OrganizationAt its core, computer organization encompasses the study of the hardware components of a computer system, including the central processing unit (CPU), memory, storage, input/output devices, and the interconnections between them. These components work together to perform computations, execute instructions, and store and retrieve data. Understanding howthese components interact and communicate is essential for developing efficient and reliable computer systems.The central processing unit (CPU) is often considered the "brain" of the computer, as it is responsible for executing instructions and carrying out computations. The CPU consists of various components, including the arithmetic logic unit (ALU), control unit, and registers, which work together to process data and control the operation of the computer.Memory is another critical component of a computer system, as it is used to store data and instructions that are currently being processed by the CPU. There are different types of memory, such as random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM), each serving a specific purpose in the system.Storage devices, such as hard drives and solid-state drives, are used to store data and programs for long-term storage. Input/output devices, such as keyboards, mice, monitors, and printers, are used to interact with the computer and provide input to and output from the system.The Importance of Computer OrganizationUnderstanding computer organization is essential for a variety of reasons. First and foremost, it provides insight intohow computers work and how they can be optimized for performance. By studying the interaction of hardware components, computer scientists and engineers can design more efficient and reliable computer systems.Additionally, knowledge of computer organization is crucial for developing software that takes advantage of the underlying hardware. Programmers who understand the structure of the CPU, memory, and storage can write code that is optimized for performance and resource utilization.Furthermore, computer organization is vital for troubleshooting and diagnosing hardware issues in computer systems. By understanding how components interact and communicate, technicians can identify and resolve problems that may arise in the system.ConclusionIn conclusion, computer organization is a fundamental discipline in the field of computer science that is essential for understanding how computers work and how they can be designed and optimized. By studying the structure and components of computers, we can develop efficient and reliable systems that meet the demands of modern technology.篇2Introduction to the Computer Organization and DesignComputer organization and design are crucial aspects of computer science that focus on understanding how computers work at the hardware level. It involves studying the structure and operation of computer systems, including the design of basic components such as processors, memory, input/output devices, and storage units.To fully grasp the fundamentals of computer organization and design, one must delve into the principles and concepts that underpin the functioning of modern computing devices. This includes learning about the architecture of different processors, the role of memory in storing and retrieving data, and how input and output devices facilitate communication between users and computers.At the heart of computer organization and design lies the central processing unit (CPU), which serves as the "brain" of the computer. The CPU is responsible for executing instructions and performing calculations, making it a critical component in ensuring the smooth operation of a computer system. Understanding how the CPU interacts with other components,such as the memory and input/output devices, is essential for optimizing performance and efficiency.Memory plays a key role in computer organization and design, as it is used to store data and instructions that are required for processing tasks. Different types of memory, such as cache memory and RAM, have varying speeds and capacities, which impact the overall performance of a computer system. Learning about memory hierarchies and memory management techniques is essential for designing efficient and reliable computing systems.Input/output devices are essential for interacting with computers and transferring data to and from external sources. Understanding how these devices are connected to the CPU and memory, as well as the protocols used for data transfer, is crucial for designing systems that can effectively communicate with users and external devices.In addition to the basic components of a computer system, computer organization and design also encompass advanced topics such as parallel processing, pipelining, and multiprocessor systems. These concepts are essential for designinghigh-performance computing systems that can handle complex tasks and process large amounts of data efficiently.Overall, studying computer organization and design provides valuable insights into the inner workings of modern computing devices and equips students with the knowledge and skills to design and optimize computer systems. By understanding the principles and concepts that govern computer organization and design, individuals can develop a deep appreciation for the intricate technology that powers our modern world.篇3Introduction to Computer ArchitectureComputer architecture is a fundamental discipline within the field of computer science that focuses on the design and organization of computer systems. It encompasses the study of the components and principles that form the basis of modern computing devices, including processors, memory units,input/output devices, and the overall system structure. Understanding computer architecture is crucial for computer scientists and engineers, as it provides the foundation for developing efficient and reliable computer systems.At the heart of computer architecture is the concept of the Von Neumann architecture, named after the renownedmathematician and computer scientist John von Neumann. This architecture defines a computer system as consisting of four main components: the central processing unit (CPU), memory unit, input/output devices, and control unit. The CPU is responsible for executing instructions, the memory unit stores data and instructions, the input/output devices allow interaction with the system, and the control unit coordinates the activities of these components.One of the key principles in computer architecture is the concept of the instruction set architecture (ISA). This is a set of instructions that a CPU can execute, which defines the operations that a computer can perform. Different types of processors have different ISAs, which dictate the capabilities and limitations of a system. Computer architects must carefully design the ISA to ensure that it is both powerful and efficient, while also being compatible with existing software and hardware.Another important aspect of computer architecture is the organization of memory. Memory plays a crucial role in computing, as it stores data and instructions that are needed by the processor. There are different types of memory, including cache memory, main memory, and secondary memory, each withits own characteristics and uses. Computer architects must design memory systems that balance speed, capacity, and cost, to provide optimal performance for a given application.In addition to the CPU and memory, computer architecture also encompasses the design of input/output devices and system buses. Input/output devices allow users to interact with the computer system, while buses provide the communication pathways between components. Computer architects must design these components to provide efficient data transfer and control, while also ensuring compatibility with various devices.Overall, computer architecture is a foundational discipline that underpins the design and operation of modern computer systems. By studying the components and principles of computer architecture, computer scientists and engineers can develop systems that are fast, reliable, and efficient. With advances in technology and the growing complexity of computing tasks, the importance of computer architecture continues to grow, making it a critical area of study for anyone interested in computing and technology.。

计算机课程介绍英语作文Title: Introduction to Computer Science Course。

In the rapidly advancing world of technology, understanding the fundamentals of computer science has become essential. Computer science courses offer a gateway to comprehending the intricacies of computing systems, programming languages, and algorithmic problem-solving. In this essay, we will delve into the essential components and objectives of a computer science course.To begin with, computer science courses typically cover a wide range of topics, catering to both beginners and advanced learners. These topics often include:1. Introduction to Programming: This segment introduces students to the basic concepts of programming languages such as Python, Java, or C++. Students learn about variables, data types, control structures, functions, and object-oriented programming principles.2. Data Structures and Algorithms: Understanding data structures and algorithms is crucial for developingefficient software solutions. Students explore various data structures like arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues, trees, and graphs, along with algorithmic techniques like searching, sorting, and dynamic programming.3. Computer Architecture: This aspect of the course delves into the hardware components of a computer system, including the CPU, memory, storage devices, andinput/output systems. Students learn about the organization and operation of these components, as well as concepts like machine instructions, assembly language, and digital logic.4. Operating Systems: Operating systems serve as the bridge between software and hardware, managing system resources and providing a user interface. Students studythe principles of operating system design, process management, memory management, file systems, and system security.5. Databases: Databases are integral to storing, retrieving, and managing data in various applications. Students learn about relational database concepts, SQL (Structured Query Language), database design, normalization, and transaction management.6. Software Engineering: Software engineeringprinciples guide the systematic development of software products. Students explore software development methodologies, requirements engineering, software design, testing, debugging, and maintenance.7. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning: With the rise of AI and machine learning technologies, many computer science courses include introductory modules on these topics. Students gain insights into machine learning algorithms, neural networks, natural language processing, and applications of AI in various domains.In addition to theoretical concepts, computer science courses often incorporate practical exercises, programming assignments, and projects to reinforce learning outcomes.Hands-on experience is crucial for students to apply theoretical knowledge to real-world problems, develop problem-solving skills, and enhance their programming proficiency.Furthermore, computer science courses aim to cultivate critical thinking, creativity, and collaboration among students. Through group projects, discussions, and presentations, students learn to communicate effectively, work in teams, and approach complex problems from multiple perspectives.In conclusion, a computer science course serves as a comprehensive introduction to the principles, theories, and applications of computing. By equipping students with foundational knowledge and practical skills, these courses prepare them for careers in software development, data analysis, cybersecurity, artificial intelligence, and various other fields where computer science plays a pivotal role in innovation and advancement.。

电脑结构的简介英语作文Title: An Overview of Computer Architecture。

Introduction:Computer architecture is the blueprint upon which all modern computing devices are built. It encompasses the design principles, components, and interactions that govern the functioning of computers. In this essay, we will delve into the fundamental aspects of computer architecture, exploring its key components and their roles in shaping the digital world.1. Central Processing Unit (CPU):The CPU serves as the brain of the computer, responsible for executing instructions and performing calculations. It consists of several key components, including the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) for mathematical operations, the control unit for managing instructions, andregisters for temporary data storage. The CPU fetches instructions from memory, decodes them, and then executes them, orchestrating the operation of the entire system.2. Memory:Memory plays a crucial role in storing data and instructions that the CPU can access quickly. There are different types of memory in a computer system, including random-access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). RAM is volatile memory used for temporary storage during program execution, while ROM retains data even when the power is turned off, holding essential system instructions.3. Input and Output Devices:Input devices allow users to interact with the computer by providing data and commands, while output devices convey processed information back to the user. Common input devices include keyboards, mice, and touchscreens, while monitors, printers, and speakers are examples of output devices. Input/output (I/O) devices facilitatecommunication between the computer and its external environment, enabling data exchange and user interaction.4. Storage Devices:Storage devices store data persistently, retaining it even when the power is turned off. Hard disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs), and optical discs are common examples of storage devices. They differ in terms of speed, capacity, and reliability, catering to diverse storage needs. Storage hierarchy, which encompasses differentlevels of storage with varying access speeds and costs, is a crucial aspect of computer architecture.5. Bus Architecture:Buses serve as communication pathways that allow data transfer between components within the computer system. They consist of address buses, data buses, and control buses, each serving a specific purpose. Address buses transmit memory addresses, data buses carry actual data, and control buses manage the flow of information andcoordinate the activities of various components.6. Cache Memory:Cache memory is a small, high-speed memory unit located within the CPU or close to it. It stores frequently accessed data and instructions, speeding up the execution of programs by reducing the latency associated with accessing main memory. Cache memory operates on the principle of locality, exploiting the tendency of programs to access the same data and instructions repeatedly.Conclusion:Computer architecture forms the foundation of modern computing systems, shaping their performance, reliability, and efficiency. By understanding its key components and principles, we gain insight into how computers function and evolve. As technology advances, computer architects continue to innovate, designing ever more powerful and sophisticated systems to meet the demands of the digital age.。

计算机结构英语作文Title: The Evolution of Computer Architecture。

Introduction:Computer architecture, the blueprint of a computer system, has undergone remarkable evolution since its inception. From the earliest room-sized mainframes totoday's sleek and powerful smartphones, the journey of computer architecture is a testament to human ingenuity and technological advancement. In this essay, we will delveinto the fascinating realm of computer architecture, exploring its historical developments, key components, and future prospects.Historical Evolution:The history of computer architecture can be traced back to the mid-20th century when the first electronic computers emerged. These early machines, such as the ENIAC and UNIVAC,were massive and cumbersome, comprised of vacuum tubes and primitive circuits. Despite their limited processing power, they laid the groundwork for future innovations in computing.The advent of the transistor in the late 1940s revolutionized computer architecture, paving the way for smaller, faster, and more reliable machines. Transistors replaced vacuum tubes, leading to the development of the first-generation computers characterized by smaller size and improved performance.The 1970s witnessed another milestone with the introduction of integrated circuits, which further miniaturized computer components and increased processing speed. This era saw the emergence of mainframe computers, which became the backbone of large-scale data processing in industries and government institutions.The 1980s marked the rise of personal computers (PCs), driven by the development of microprocessors and graphical user interfaces. Companies like IBM, Apple, and Microsoftplayed pivotal roles in popularizing PCs and making computing accessible to the masses.The 1990s saw the proliferation of networked computing with the advent of the internet. This era witnessed the rise of client-server architecture and distributed computing, laying the foundation for the interconnected world we live in today.Key Components:Modern computer architecture comprises several key components, each playing a vital role in the system's operation:1. Central Processing Unit (CPU): Often referred to as the brain of the computer, the CPU executes instructions and performs calculations. It consists of an arithmetic logic unit (ALU), control unit, and registers.2. Memory: Memory modules store data and instructions temporarily for processing. Types of memory include RandomAccess Memory (RAM) for volatile storage and Read-Only Memory (ROM) for permanent storage.3. Input/Output (I/O) Devices: These devices allow users to interact with the computer and exchange data. Examples include keyboards, mice, monitors, printers, and storage devices.4. Motherboard: The motherboard is the main circuit board that connects and integrates all computer components. It provides communication between the CPU, memory, and peripheral devices.5. Storage: Storage devices, such as hard disk drives (HDDs) and solid-state drives (SSDs), store data permanently. They enable long-term retention and retrieval of information.6. Bus: The bus is a communication pathway that facilitates data transfer between computer components. It consists of address bus, data bus, and control bus.Future Prospects:Looking ahead, the field of computer architecture is poised for further innovation and advancement. Emerging technologies such as quantum computing, artificial intelligence (AI), and neuromorphic computing hold the promise of revolutionizing computing paradigms.Quantum computing, leveraging the principles of quantum mechanics, has the potential to solve complex problems exponentially faster than classical computers. Its application in areas such as cryptography, drug discovery, and optimization algorithms could usher in a new era of computational capability.Artificial intelligence, powered by machine learning algorithms and deep neural networks, is transforming the way computers process and analyze data. AI-driven applications ranging from virtual assistants to autonomous vehicles are becoming increasingly prevalent, shaping the future of human-computer interaction.Neuromorphic computing, inspired by the structure and function of the human brain, seeks to emulate neural networks in silicon. By mimicking the brain's parallel processing and synaptic connections, neuromorphic chips offer the potential for energy-efficient and cognitive computing systems.Conclusion:In conclusion, the evolution of computer architecture is a testament to human innovation and technological progress. From the early days of room-sized mainframes to the era of quantum computing and AI, computers have become indispensable tools shaping every aspect of our lives. As we embark on the journey towards a future powered by emerging technologies, the landscape of computer architecture will continue to evolve, unlocking new possibilities and pushing the boundaries of what is possible.。

Writing for Computer ScienceJustin ZobelWriting for Computer ScienceThird Edition123Justin ZobelDepartment of Computingand Information SystemsThe University of MelbourneParkvilleAustraliaISBN978-1-4471-6638-2ISBN978-1-4471-6639-9(eBook)DOI10.1007/978-1-4471-6639-9Library of Congress Control Number:2014956905Springer London Heidelberg New York Dordrecht©Springer-Verlag London1997,2004,2014This work is subject to copyright.All rights are reserved by the Publisher,whether the whole or part of the material is concerned,specifically the rights of translation,reprinting,reuse of illustrations, recitation,broadcasting,reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way,and transmission or information storage and retrieval,electronic adaptation,computer software,or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed.The use of general descriptive names,registered names,trademarks,service marks,etc.in this publication does not imply,even in the absence of a specific statement,that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.The publisher,the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication.Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty,express or implied,with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made.Printed on acid-free paperSpringer-Verlag London Ltd.is part of Springer Science+Business Media()PrefaceWriting for Computer Science is an introduction to doing and describing research. For the most part the book is a discussion of good writing style and effective research strategies,with a focus on the skills required of graduate research students. Some of the material is accepted wisdom,some is controversial,and some are my opinions.The book is intended to be comprehensive;it is broad rather than deep, but,while some readers may be interested in exploring topics further,for most readers this book should be sufficient.Thefirst edition of this book was almost entirely about writing.The second edition,in response to reader feedback,and in response to issues that arose in my own experiences as an advisor,researcher,and referee,was additionally about research methods.Indeed,the two topics—writing about and doing research—are not clearly separated:it is a small step from asking how do I write?to asking what is it that I write about?In this new edition,the third,I’ve further expanded the material on research methods,as well as refining and extending the guidance on writing.There is a new chapter,on professional communication beyond academia;the chapters on getting started,reading,reviewing,hypotheses,experiments,and statistics have been expanded and reorganized;and there is additional or new material on many topics, including theses,posters,presentations,literature reviews,measurement and vari-ability,evidence,data,and common failings in papers.Every chapter has had some revision,and reader feedback has again been importance in shaping changes.The references have been removed;with so many excellent,up-to-date reading lists available at the click of a search button,a static list seemed anachronistic.The example slides have been dropped too;there are limits to the advice that can be given on dynamic visual presentations in a printed textbook.As in the earlier editions,the guidance on writing focuses on research,but is intended to be broadly applicable to general technical and professional communi-cation.Likewise,the guidance on the practice of research has wider lessons;for example,a practitioner trying a new algorithm or explaining to colleagues why one solution is preferable to another should be confident that the arguments are built on robust foundations.And,while this edition has a stronger emphasis on the doing ofvvi Preface research than did thefirst two,no topic has been removed;there is additional material on research,but the guidance on writing has not been taken away.I can no longer describe the book as brief,however!Since thefirst edition appeared,there have been many changes in the culture of research,and these continue to develop.Physical paper is slowly vanishing as a publication medium,and traditional publishers are being challenged by a range of open-access models.Academic technical reports,already rare a decade ago,have more or less vanished,while online preprint archives have become a key part of the research ecosystem.It now seems to be rare that a spoken presentation is truly unprofessional,whereas in the1990s many talks were unendurably awful.The growth in the use of good tools for presentations has been a key factor in this change.Some cultural changes are less positive.A decade ago,I reported that many talks did not have a clear message and were merely a compilation of clever visuals,and that a well-described algorithm had become a welcome,rare exception;both these trends have persisted.Also,while the globalization of English has brought unquestionable benefits to international communication and collaboration,it means that today many papers are written,refereed,and published without passing through the hands of someone who is skilled in the language,so that even experienced researchers occasionally produce work that is far too hard to understand.The Web provides easy access to literature,but perhaps the necessity of using a library imposed a discipline that is now lacking,as past work appears to be increasingly neglected.Some issues concern the integrity of the scientific enterprise itself,such as the growing number of venues that publish work that doesn’t meet even the most rudimentary standards.The perspectives of all scientists are shaped by the research environments in which they work.My research has involved some theoretical studies,but the bulk of my work has been experimental.I appreciate theoretical work for its elegance, yetfind it sterile when it is too detached from practical value.While experimental work can be ad hoc,it can also be deeply satisfying,with the rewards of probing the space of possible algorithms and producing technology that can be applied to the things we do in practice.My perspective on research comes from this background, as does the use of experimental work as examples in this book(an approach that is also justified by the fact that such work is generally easier to outline than is a theoretical contribution).But that doesn’t mean that my opinions are simply private biases.They are—I hope!—the considered views of a scientist with experience of different kinds of research.For this new edition,William Webber and Anthony Wirth redrafted some sec-tions,wrote new text,and helped guide the revisions in areas where I am inexpert;I am particularly grateful for their contributions to the chapters on mathematics, algorithms,experiments,and statistics.These sections now represent a consolida-tion of views,though I have retained the use of I and my rather than we and our. Both William and Tony are long-term colleagues;I’ve appreciated testing my views against theirs,and I think this book is stronger for it.Another new contributor isPreface vii Richard Zanibbi,whose suggestions for additional exercises I have gratefullyincorporated.Many other people helped with this book in one way or another.For thefirstedition,special thanks are due to Alistair Moffat,who contributed to the chapters on figures,algorithms,editing,writing up,and reviewing.Another notable collaborator has been Paul Gruba,my co-author on our two texts on thesis writing skills,HowTo Write A Better Thesis and its prequel,How To Write A Better Minor Thesis.With feedback from friends,colleagues,and readers for over20years,the list ofpeople who have influenced this book is large;particular thanks are due to PhilipDart,Gill Dobbie,Michael Fuller,Evan Harris,Ian Shelley,Milad Shokouhi,SaiadTagaghoghi,James Thom,Rodney Topor,and Hugh Williams.I also thank myresearch students;the hundreds of students who have participated in my researchmethods lectures;and the many readers who pointed out mistakes or made helpfulsuggestions.Many thanks are due to my editor for the second and third editions,BeverleyFord,for her patience during the procrastination,prevarication,and prevalentpreponderance of passivity that led to the long delay between editions.Thanks alsoto the Springer staff who worked on thefinal editing and production,in particularJames Robinson.And,finally,thanks to my partner,Carolyn,for well lots of stuff. Melbourne,Australia,September2014Justin ZobelContents1Introduction (1)Kinds of Publication (2)Writing,Science,and Skepticism (3)Using This Book (4)Spelling and Terminology (6)2Getting Started (9)Beginnings (10)Shaping a Research Project (11)Research Planning (14)Students and Advisors (15)A“Getting Started”Checklist (17)3Reading and Reviewing (19)Research Literature (20)Finding Research Papers (21)Critical Reading (23)Developing a Literature Review (25)Authors,Editors,and Referees (26)Contribution (27)Evaluation of Papers (28)Content of Reviews (30)Drafting a Review (31)Checking Your Review (32)4Hypotheses,Questions,and Evidence (35)Hypotheses (36)Defending Hypotheses (38)Forms of Evidence (40)Use of Evidence (42)Approaches to Measurement (43)ixGood and Bad Science (44)Re fl ections on Research (47)A“Hypotheses,Questions,and Evidence”Checklist (49)5Writing a Paper (51)The Scope of a Paper (51)Telling a Story (54)Organization (56)The First Draft (62)From Draft to Submission (63)Co-authoring (65)Theses (66)Getting It Wrong (67)A“Writing Up”Checklist (72)6Good Style (75)Economy (76)Tone (77)Examples (79)Motivation (80)Balance (81)Voice (81)The Upper Hand (82)Obfuscation (83)Analogies (84)Straw Men (84)Reference and Citation (86)Quotation (90)Acknowledgements (92)Grammar (93)Beauty (93)7Style Specifics (95)Titles and Headings (95)The Opening Paragraphs (97)Variation (98)Paragraphing (99)Ambiguity (100)Sentence Structure (101)Tense (105)Repetition and Parallelism (105)Emphasis (106)Definitions (107)Choice of Words (108)Qualifiers (110)Misused Words (110)Spelling Conventions (113)Jargon (114)Clichéand Idiom (115)Foreign Words (116)Overuse of Words (116)Padding (117)Plurals (118)Abbreviations (119)Acronyms (120)Sexism (121)8Punctuation (123)Fonts and Formatting (123)Stops (124)Commas (124)Colons and Semicolons (126)Apostrophes (126)Exclamations (127)Hyphenation (127)Capitalization (128)Quotations (128)Parentheses (129)Citations (130)9Mathematics (131)Clarity (131)Theorems (133)Readability (134)Notation (136)Ranges and Sequences (137)Alphabets (138)Line Breaks (138)Numbers (139)Percentages (141)Units of Measurement (142)10Algorithms (145)Presentation of Algorithms (145)Formalisms (147)Level of Detail (150)Figures (151)Notation (152)xii Contents Environment of Algorithms (152)Asymptotic Cost (153)11Graphs,Figures,and Tables (157)Graphs (157)Diagrams (166)Tables (171)Captions and Labels (176)Axes,Labels,and Headings (178)12Other Professional Writing (179)Scoping the Task (179)Understanding the Task (180)Documentation (181)Technical Reports (182)Grant Applications (183)Non-technical Writing (184)Structuring a Report (185)Audience (186)Style (187)Other Problem Areas (189)A“Professional Writing”Checklist (190)13Editing (191)Consistency (192)Style (192)Proofreading (193)Choice of Word-Processor (194)An“Editing”Checklist (195)14Experimentation (197)Baselines (198)Persuasive Data (199)Interpretation (203)Robustness (205)Performance of Algorithms (207)Human Studies (209)Coding for Experimentation (211)Describing Experiments (212)An“Experimentation”Checklist (214)15Statistical Principles (217)Variables (218)Samples and Populations (219)Contents xiii Aggregation and Variability (220)Reporting of Variability (222)Statistical Tools (224)Randomness and Error (227)Intuition (230)Visualization of Results (231)A“Statistical Principles”Checklist (233)16Presentations (237)Research Talks (238)Content (239)Organization (241)The Introduction (242)The Conclusion (243)Preparation (243)Delivery (244)Question Time (246)Slides (246)Text on Slides (249)Figures (250)Posters (251)A“Presentations and Posters”Checklist (253)17Ethics (255)Intellectual Creations (257)Plagiarism (257)Self-plagiarism (260)Misrepresentation (261)Authorship (262)Confidentiality and Con fl ict of Interest (263)An“Ethics”Checklist (264)Afterword (265)Exercises (267)Index (277)。

人教版（2019）英语必修一教学设计Do you know other ways of making introductions, offering greetings or giving responses? Add them to the form.（2）创设示范语境，例如：教师就早晨在教室与某学生见面的场景开展师生对话，为学生小组对话活动做好准备。

（3）学生结对完成活动5，自编对话并在班内展示，最后教师进行评价。

Step5 Pronunciation本单元主要帮助学生复习元音字母a、e、i、o、u的基本发音规律。

元音字母在重读开音节中一般发字母的本音，在重读闭音节中也有规律可循。

语音练习活动需要学生通过大量听和模仿，掌握正确的发音。

尽量让学生回忆符合该发音规律的单词，引导学生复习初中阶段学习过的元音字母a、e、i、o、u的基本发音规律。

1. 学生跟读，模仿准确发音。

2. 学生分成小组，在规定的时间内写出元音字母在开音节与闭音节中有相同发音规律的单词，以游戏的方式展开竞赛，每类写出最多单词的组获胜。

3. 教师可以读出一些符合发音规律的生词，让学生听写；也可以展示一些符合发音规律的生词。

Step6 Homework利用元音字母的发音规律识记本单元词汇。

教学设计教学设计2.通过板书或课件呈现问题答案。

学生观察下面三个句子，划分句子的成分，熟悉其英文缩写。

3.学生完成活动1，然后师生核对答案。

4.教学提示：教师可以根据学生情况控制句型呈现的速度。

学习程度较好、初中句法知识较牢固的学生可以直接完成活动1。

基础相对薄弱的学生从最简单的主谓、主谓宾结构入手。

教师要引导学生多观察，反复识别，切忌单纯讲解，在落实基础知识之后再逐步增加其他句型的学习。

Step3 ConsolidationRead the sentences and analyse the structures.1 The 100-year-old school lies in the centre of the city.2 W e must act.3 The maths homework looks easy.4 The teacher found the Class7,8room empty.5 My m u m bought me a new dictionary.6 Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange student.7 There is an English Corner at our school.8 W e had chemistry in the newly built lab.师生核对答案。

七年级下册英语1到6单元知识点手抄报Unit 1: Greetings and Introductions1. Basic greetings: Hello, Hi, Good morning, Good afternoon, Good evening, How are you?, I'm fine, thank you.2. Introducing oneself: My name is..., I am..., Nice to meet you, What's your name?, Where are you from?, How old are you?3. Expressing simple emotions: I'm happy, sad, bored, tired, etc.4. Asking and answering simple personal questions: Do you have any hobbies? What do you like to do in your free time?Unit 2: School Life1. Classroom language: May I come in?, Can I borrow a pen?, What page are we on?, etc.2. Subjects and school facilities: English, math, science, computer lab, library, etc.3. Daily routines: I wake up at..., I have breakfast, I go to school, I attend classes, etc.4. Talking about likes and dislikes: I like English, I don't like math, My favorite subject is..., etc.Unit 3: Family and Friends1. Vocabulary related to family members: father, mother, brother, sister, etc.2. Talking about family activities: My family has dinner together, We go on trips during holidays, etc.3. Describing physical appearance: He has short hair, She has blue eyes, etc.4. Expressing possession: It's my book, This is his bag, etc.Unit 4: Hobbies and Interests1. Vocabulary related to hobbies: play sports, listen to music, read books, etc.2. Describing hobbies: I enjoy playing basketball, She loves dancing, etc.3. Talking about frequency: I often play video games, He rarely watches TV, etc.4. Expressing preferences: I prefer swimming to running, She likes rock music, etc.Unit 5: Food and Drinks1. Vocabulary related to food: fruits, vegetables, snacks, etc.2. Ordering food at a restaurant: Can I have a cheeseburger, please?, I'll have a salad, etc.3. Talking about food preferences: I love pizza, I don't like spicy food, etc.4. Describing flavors: It tastes sweet, The soup is salty, etc.Unit 6: Daily Activities1. Talking about daily routines: I brush my teeth in the morning, I take a shower in the evening, etc.2. Expressing time: It's 7 o'clock, It's half past nine, etc.3. Describing weather: It's sunny today, It's raining heavily, etc.4. Talking about future plans: I will meet my friends tomorrow, We are going to a movie on Saturday, etc.以上是七年级下册英语1到6单元的知识点手抄报内容。

计算机相关的学科英语作文The Importance of Computer Science Education。

Introduction。

In today's rapidly advancing world, computer science has become an integral part of our daily lives. From smartphones to smart homes, from self-driving cars to artificial intelligence, computer science has revolutionized the way we live and work. As a result, the importance of computer science education cannot be overstated. In this article, we will explore the significance of computer science education, its benefits, and how it can shape our future.Importance of Computer Science Education。

1. Enhancing Problem-Solving Skills。

Computer science education plays a crucial role indeveloping problem-solving skills. Programming involves breaking down complex problems into smaller, manageable tasks and finding logical solutions. This process helps students develop critical thinking, analytical reasoning, and creativity. These skills are transferable to various aspects of life, enabling individuals to tackle challenges effectively.2. Fostering Innovation and Creativity。

计算机英语作文Computer Science English Composition。

In the realm of academia, the ability to effectively communicate in English is a crucial skill for students and researchers in the field of computer science. As the global language of science and technology, English has become the primary medium of communication, collaboration, and knowledge dissemination within the computer science community.Crafting a well-structured and coherent English composition is essential for conveying complex technical concepts, sharing research findings, and engaging in academic discourse. This article aims to provide a comprehensive guide on the art of computer science English composition, addressing the key elements and best practices that can help aspiring writers excel in this domain.Importance of Computer Science English Composition。

计算机科学与技术英文自我介绍English Self-Introduction for Computer Science and Technology.Hello, esteemed members of the admissions committee, it is a pleasure to have the opportunity to introduce myselfas a passionate and driven candidate seeking admission into your esteemed program in Computer Science and Technology.My journey in the field of computing has been a blend of curiosity, hard work, and continuous learning, and I am excited about the prospect of further expanding my horizons in this dynamic and innovative field.My academic journey began with a strong foundation in mathematics and physics, which provided me with the fundamental principles of logic, analysis, and problem-solving. This solid base has been instrumental in my understanding of computer science concepts and algorithms. Throughout my academic career, I have consistently excelled in courses related to computer programming, data structures,and computer architecture, demonstrating my proficiency in logical thinking and problem-solving skills.My hands-on experience in programming languages such as Python, Java, and C++ has enabled me to develop a deep understanding of software development processes. I have gained practical knowledge through projects involving web development, database management, and software design patterns. These experiences have honed my skills in algorithm design, debugging, and software optimization, preparing me well for the challenges of more complex programming tasks.My interest in computer science extends beyond the classroom. I have actively participated in extracurricular projects and hackathons, where I have collaborated with peers to solve real-world problems using technology. These experiences have taught me the importance of teamwork, project management, and innovation in the realm of computer science.My strength lies in my ability to adapt to newtechnologies and environments quickly. I am constantly exploring new areas of computer science, such as machine learning, artificial intelligence, and cloud computing, to stay ahead of the curve. My enthusiasm for learning and my commitment to excellence have enabled me to stay engaged and productive in every academic and professional endeavor.In addition to my academic and technical strengths, I also possess excellent communication and interpersonal skills. I am comfortable presenting ideas and findings to diverse audiences, and I have demonstrated leadership in group projects and collaborations. These skills are crucial in the field of computer science, where effective communication and teamwork are essential for successful project delivery.My goal is to leverage my skills and passion for computer science to contribute to innovative and impactful projects that push the boundaries of technology. I am excited about the opportunities that lie ahead in this rapidly evolving field, and I am confident that I have the necessary skills and dedication to excel in your program.Thank you for considering my application. I am looking forward to the possibility of further discussing my qualifications and how I can contribute to your esteemed program in Computer Science and Technology.。

计算机专业英语的作文模板Title: Computer Science English Writing Template。

Introduction。

Computer science is a rapidly growing field that encompasses a wide range of topics, including software development, hardware design, networking, and artificial intelligence. As a computer science student, it is essential to be able to effectively communicate in English, as it is the lingua franca of the technology industry. In this article, we will provide a comprehensive template for writing essays and reports in computer science English.I. Introduction。

The introduction is the first part of your essay or report and should provide an overview of the topic you will be discussing. In computer science, this could include a brief history of the technology or an explanation of the problem you will be addressing. It should also include a thesis statement that outlines the main argument or purpose of your writing.II. Background。

初一上册英语单词表Unit 1: Greetings and Introductions1. greetings•hello: 你好•hi: 嗨•good morning: 早上好•good afternoon: 下午好•good evening: 晚上好•how are you?: 你好吗？•fine: 很好•not bad: 不错2. introductions•my name is…: 我的名字是…•nice to meet you: 很高兴认识你•what’s your name?: 你叫什么名字？•I’m from…: 我来自…•where are you from?: 你来自哪里？Unit 2: Numbers1. cardinal numbers•zero: 零•one: 一•two: 二•three: 三•four: 四•five: 五•six: 六•seven: 七•eight: 八•nine: 九•ten: 十2. ordinal numbers•first: 第一•second: 第二•third: 第三•fourth: 第四•fifth: 第五•sixth: 第六•seventh: 第七•eighth: 第八•ninth: 第九•tenth: 第十Unit 3: Family and Friends 1. family members•mother: 母亲•father: 父亲•sister: 姐妹•brother: 兄弟•aunt: 姑妈/阿姨•uncle: 叔叔•grandmother: 奶奶•grandfather: 爷爷2. adjectives to describe people•tall: 高•short: 矮•thin: 瘦•fat: 胖•young: 年轻•old: 老Unit 4: School Life1. subjects•English: 英语•Math: 数学•Science: 科学•History: 历史•Geography: 地理•Music: 音乐•Art: 美术•Physical Education: 体育2. school facilities•classroom: 教室•library: 图书馆•cafeteria: 食堂•playground: 操场•gymnasium: 体育馆•laboratory: 实验室•computer lab: 计算机实验室Unit 5: Daily Activities1. daily routine•wake up: 起床•brush teeth: 刷牙•wash face: 洗脸•have breakfast: 吃早餐•go to school: 去学校•have lunch: 吃午饭•do homework: 做作业•have dinner: 吃晚饭•go to bed: 睡觉•read books: 看书它是一个初一上册的英语单词表，包含了五个单元的词汇。

文章标题：Computer Science: A Dynamic and Rewarding Field Introduced by Li HuaAs I embark on this new journey in the field of computer science, I am filled with excitement and anticipation. It's an honor to share with you, my dear friends, the captivating world of computer science and the limitless opportunities it presents.Computer science is a discipline that combines the principles of mathematics, engineering, and logic to understand and manipulate information. It's a rapidly evolving field that is constantly shaping our world and revolutionizing the way we live, work, and communicate. From smartphones to cloud computing, from artificial intelligence to cybersecurity, computer science is at the forefront of innovation and progress.My introduction to computer science began with the realization of its profound impact on society. The technology we use every day, whether it's a simple app or a complex software system, is powered by the principles ofcomputer science. This understanding sparked my interest and curiosity, leading me to pursue further studies in this fascinating field.The curriculum in computer science is diverse and rigorous, covering topics such as programming languages, data structures, algorithms, computer architecture, operating systems, and networks. Through these courses, I have learned to think logically, solve problems creatively, and work collaboratively with peers. The skills I have acquired in computer science are not only applicable to the technical realm but also transferable to various fields, making me a more versatile and competitive individual.One of the most exciting aspects of computer science is the opportunity to innovate and create. As a computer science student, I have the chance to develop my own projects and explore new ideas. Whether it's building a website, developing a mobile app, or creating a game, the possibilities are endless. This freedom to express my creativity and bring my vision to life is incredibly rewarding.Moreover, the demand for computer science professionals is skyrocketing. With the digitization of virtually every industry, there is a growing need for skilled computer scientists to design, develop, and maintain complex systems. This means that graduates of computer science programs are highly sought after by employers and often enjoy excellent career prospects.In conclusion, computer science is a dynamic and rewarding field that offers boundless opportunities for growth and success. It's a field that requires critical thinking, problem-solving skills, and a passion for innovation. As I continue my journey in computer science, I am excited to explore the unknown, challenge myself, and contribute to the advancement of this exciting discipline.**文章标题**：计算机科学：李华介绍一个充满活力和回报的领域当我踏上计算机科学这一新领域的学习旅程时，内心充满了激动和期待。

英语电脑组装作文格式Title: A Guide to Assembling a Computer。

Introduction:Assembling a computer can be an exciting and rewarding experience, providing you with a custom-built machine tailored to your specific needs. In this guide, we will walk through the process of assembling a computer in English, covering each step comprehensively.1. Preparing the Workspace:Before diving into the assembly process, it's essential to prepare a clean and spacious workspace. Make sure you have all the necessary tools and components readily available. This includes the computer case, motherboard, CPU, RAM, graphics card, power supply unit (PSU), storage drives, and any additional peripherals.2. Organizing Components:Take some time to familiarize yourself with each component and its respective role in the system. Organize the components in a systematic manner to streamline the assembly process. Ensure that you have sufficient space to work comfortably without any clutter.3. Installing the CPU:Begin by installing the CPU onto the motherboard. Carefully lift the CPU socket lever and align the CPU with the socket, ensuring that the pins or contacts match accordingly. Gently lower the lever to secure the CPU in place.4. Installing RAM:Next, install the RAM modules into the designated slots on the motherboard. Ensure that the notches on the RAM modules align with the keys in the RAM slots. Apply gentle pressure on both ends of the module until it clicks intoplace.5. Installing the Motherboard:Carefully place the motherboard into the computer case, aligning it with the standoff screws pre-installed in the case. Secure the motherboard in place by screwing it onto the standoffs using the appropriate screws.6. Installing Storage Drives:Mount the storage drives, such as SSDs or HDDs, onto the designated drive bays in the computer case. Connect the data and power cables to the respective ports on the drives and the motherboard.7. Installing the Graphics Card:If you have a dedicated graphics card, insert it into the PCIe slot on the motherboard. Ensure that it is properly aligned with the slot and secure it in place by fastening the retention bracket.8. Connecting Cables:Carefully route and connect the necessary cables from the power supply unit to the motherboard, storage drives, graphics card, and other components. Double-check the connections to ensure everything is properly seated.9. Powering On:Once all components are installed and connected,double-check everything to ensure there are no loose connections or misplaced components. Close the computer case and connect the power cord. Power on the computer and verify that it boots up correctly.10. Testing and Troubleshooting:After powering on the computer, monitor the boot process for any errors or abnormalities. If you encounter any issues, refer to the user manuals or online resources for troubleshooting guidance. Test the system thoroughly toensure stability and performance.Conclusion:Congratulations! You have successfully assembled your own computer. With careful planning and attention to detail, you can create a powerful and customized system tailored to your needs. Remember to enjoy the process and don'thesitate to seek assistance if needed. Happy computing!。

When preparing to write a computer sciencethemed English composition for a level similar to the CET4College English Test Band4in China,you should consider the following elements to ensure a wellstructured and coherent essay:1.Introduction:Begin with a hook to grab the readers attention.This could be a relevant quote,a question,or a statement that introduces the topic of computer science. Example:In an era where technology is advancing at an unprecedented pace,the role of computer science has become indispensable in shaping our daily lives.2.Body Paragraphs:Develop your essay with clear and logical paragraphs.Each paragraph should focus on a single idea related to the main topic.Paragraph1:Discuss the importance of computer science in modern society.You could talk about how it has revolutionized industries such as healthcare,education,and communication.Example:Computer science has not only transformed the way we communicate but also how we diagnose diseases and educate future generations.Paragraph2:Elaborate on the impact of computer science on job markets and the economy.Mention the creation of new job opportunities and the demand for skilled professionals.Example:The rise of computer science has led to a surge in job opportunities,with a growing demand for software developers,data analysts,and cybersecurity experts.Paragraph3:Address the challenges that come with the rapid development of computer science,such as privacy concerns and the digital divide.Example:While computer science offers numerous benefits,it also presents challenges,including the need to protect personal data and bridge the gap between the technologically advanced and those who are not.3.Conclusion:Summarize the main points of your essay and provide a closing thought that leaves a lasting impression on the reader.Example:As we continue to embrace the advancements in computer science,it is crucial that we also address the associated challenges to ensure a balanced and inclusive technological future.4.Vocabulary and Grammar:Use a range of vocabulary appropriate for the level of the test.Ensure that your grammar is accurate and that your sentences are varied in structure.5.Practice:Before the exam,practice writing essays on various computer science topics to familiarize yourself with the process and to improve your writing skills.6.Time Management:During the exam,allocate sufficient time to plan,write,and review your essay to avoid rushed work that may contain errors.7.Proofread:If time allows,read through your essay to check for any grammatical errors or unclear expressions and make necessary corrections.By following these guidelines,you can craft a wellorganized and compelling computer sciencethemed English composition that meets the expectations of the CET4level examination.。

Computer Organization and Architecture Course Design IntroductionThis course is designed to introduce the students to the fundamentals of computer organization and architecture. It focuses on the internal structure of computers and how they process data. The course will cover topics such as digital logic, assembly language programming, memory hierarchy, instruction set architectures, and operating systems. This course is suitable for students who have a basic understanding of programming and want to deepen their knowledge of how computers work.Course Objectives•Develop an understanding of the internal workings of a computer and its components.•Learn the principles of digital logic and how it is used in computer design.•Gn the skills to read and write assembly language programs.•Understand the memory hierarchy and how it affects program performance.•Learn about different instruction set architectures and their advantages and disadvantages.•Gn an understanding of operating systems and their roles in computer systems.Course OutlineUnit 1: Digital Logic and Computer Design•Introduction to digital logic and Boolean algebra•Combinational and sequential logic circuits•Introduction to the basics of computer design and organization•Data representation and binary arithmetic•Performance measurement and benchmarkingUnit 2: Assembly Language Programming•Introduction to assembly language programming•Basic arithmetic and logical operations•Data transfer instructions•Branching and looping instructions•Introduction to subroutine calls and return instructions Unit 3: Memory Hierarchy and Cache Design•The memory hierarchy and its performance characteristics •The concept of locality and its impact on program performance•The different types of memory in a computer system•The design of cache memory and its impact on program performanceUnit 4: Instruction Set Architectures•The different types of instruction set architectures•The advantages and disadvantages of different instruction set architectures•Introduction to pipelining and its impact on program performanceUnit 5: Operating Systems•Introduction to operating systems•The role of the operating system in a computer system•Memory management•Process management and scheduling•Input/output managementCourse DeliveryThis course will be delivered through a combination of lectures, tutorials, and practical labs. The lectures will cover the theoretical concepts, while tutorials will provide an opportunity for students toask questions and clarify their understanding. The practical labs will give students the opportunity to apply their knowledge to real-world problems and gn hands-on experience with programming and computer hardware.AssessmentAssessment for this course will be based on the following components: •Assignments: 30%•Mid-term Exam: 30%•Final Exam: 40%ConclusionThis course provides a comprehensive introduction to computer organization and architecture, covering topics such as digital logic, assembly language programming, memory hierarchy, instruction set architectures, and operating systems. By the end of the course, students will have a deep understanding of how computers work and the skills to write efficient and effective programs. The course will provide a solid foundation for further study in computer science and related fields.。

我的计算机专业作文英文回答：Introduction:In the rapidly evolving world of technology, computer science has emerged as a pivotal discipline, shaping the way we interact with the digital realm. Its profound impact has permeated countless aspects of our lives, from communication to commerce to scientific research.Applications of Computer Science:Computer science finds applications in a vast array of fields, including:Artificial Intelligence: Developing algorithms that enable computers to perform tasks typically requiring human intelligence.Data Science: Analyzing and extracting insights from massive datasets to inform decision-making.Software Engineering: Designing, developing, and maintaining software systems that meet specific user requirements.Cybersecurity: Protecting computer systems and networks from unauthorized access and malicious attacks.Computer Graphics: Creating and manipulating digital images and animations for a variety of purposes.Impact on Society:Computer science has had a transformative impact on society, revolutionizing communication, healthcare, and education, among others:Communication: Social media, email, and instant messaging have facilitated unprecedented global connectivity.Healthcare: Computer-aided diagnosis and electronic health records have improved patient care and efficiency.Education: Online learning platforms and adaptive software provide personalized and accessible education opportunities.Scientific Research: High-performance computing aids in complex simulations and data analysis, advancing scientific discoveries.Automation: Robotic systems and AI-driven automation have increased productivity and reduced labor costs.Future Trends:Computer science continues to evolve rapidly, with emerging trends shaping the future:Quantum Computing: Exploring the possibilities of quantum mechanics to solve complex problems faster thanclassical computers.Blockchain Technology: A secure and decentralized platform for managing and tracking digital transactions.Edge Computing: Processing data closer to end devices, enabling real-time applications and reducing latency.Artificial General Intelligence: Developing AI systems that can solve a wide range of tasks, mimicking human cognitive abilities.Virtual and Augmented Reality: Immersive technologies that enhance user experiences and provide novel ways of interacting with the digital world.Conclusion:Computer science is an indispensable field that has profoundly impacted society and holds immense potential for further advancements. As technology continues to advance, computer scientists will play a pivotal role in shaping thedigital future, addressing challenges and creating innovative solutions that benefit humanity.中文回答：导言：在飞速发展的科技世界中，计算机科学已成为一项关键学科，塑造着我们与数字领域的互动方式。

计算机的作文英语Computers have become an integral part of our daily lives, transforming the way we communicate, work, and learn. As an English teacher, I would like to share some insights into the role of computers in the context of writing and composition.1. Research and Information Gathering: Computers provide a vast array of resources for conducting research. Students can access databases, online libraries, and academic journals to gather information for their essays and reports.2. Word Processing: Word processors like Microsoft Word and Google Docs have made writing more efficient. They offer features such as spell check, grammar suggestions, and formatting tools that help in creating polished and professional documents.3. Collaboration: With cloud-based tools, students can collaborate on writing projects in real-time. Thisfacilitates group work and allows for the sharing of ideas and feedback instantly.4. Editing and Proofreading: Computers have made the editing process more streamlined. Students can easily revise their work, cut and paste sections, and use tools to check for plagiarism.5. Publishing: The internet has opened up new avenues forpublishing. Blogs, online magazines, and e-books provide platforms for writers to share their work with a global audience.6. Language Learning: Computer-assisted language learning (CALL) tools help students learn English through interactive exercises, games, and simulations.7. Accessibility: For students with disabilities, computers offer assistive technologies such as speech-to-text software, which can help them write more easily.8. Creativity: Graphic design software and digitalstorytelling tools allow students to express their creativity in writing and combine it with visual elements.9. Feedback and Assessment: Teachers can use computer-based assessment tools to provide personalized feedback to students, helping them improve their writing skills.10. Global Communication: Computers enable students to communicate with peers and professionals around the world, fostering a global perspective in their writing.In conclusion, computers have revolutionized the way we approach writing and composition. They offer tools that enhance the writing process, making it more accessible, efficient, and engaging for students. As we continue to integrate technology into education, it is crucial to teach students how to use these tools responsibly and effectivelyto enhance their writing skills.。

六年级上册五模英语知识点Unit 1: Greetings and Introductions- Learning greetings and responses: Hello, Hi, Good morning, Good afternoon, Good evening, How are you?, I'm fine, thank you.- Understanding and using introduction phrases: What's your name?, My name is ..., Nice to meet you.Unit 2: Numbers and Counting- Recognizing and reading numbers: 0-1000: zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty, twenty-one, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety, one hundred, one thousand.- Counting objects and people: How many ...?, There are ... (e.g. three cats), There is ... (e.g. one book), Are there ...?, Yes, there are .../ No, there aren't ..., Yes, there is .../ No, there isn't ...Unit 3: School Life- Describing school facilities and subjects: classroom, library, playground, computer room, science lab, music room, art room, gym, English, math, science, history, geography, music, art, P.E.- Talking about schedules and activities: What's your favorite subject?, My favorite subject is ..., I have ... (e.g. math) on ... (e.g. Monday), I like/love/hate ..., I am good at ...Unit 4: Daily Routines- Talking about daily activities: get up, wash my face, brush my teeth, have breakfast, go to school, have lunch, do homework, have dinner, go to bed.- Using time expressions: in the morning/afternoon/evening, at (e.g.7 o'clock), at (e.g. 7:30) + (time)Unit 5: Family and Friends- Describing family members: mother, father, sister, brother, grandmother, grandfather, aunt, uncle, cousin.- Talking about relationships: This is my ..., He/She is my ..., I have ... (e.g. two sisters).Unit 6: Food and Drinks- Learning food vocabulary: fruits, vegetables, meat, rice, noodles, bread, milk, water, juice, ice cream.- Expressing food preferences: I like/love ..., I don't like ..., Do you like ...?, Yes, I do./ No, I don't.Unit 7: Hobbies and Leisure Activities- Talking about hobbies: play sports, play musical instruments, paint/draw, dance, sing, read books, watch TV, play video games.- Expressing hobbies and interests: My hobby is ..., I enjoy ..., I spend my free time ..., Do you like ...?, Yes, I do./ No, I don't.Unit 8: Weather and Seasons- Describing weather conditions: sunny, cloudy, rainy, snowy, windy.- Talking about seasons: spring, summer, autumn, winter.。