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新闻头条世界各地的媒体都以头条报道同一新闻的情形并不很常见。
这样的事件得具有巨大的国际影响力。
但是这正是2001年9月恐怖分子袭击纽约世贸中心双塔之后发生的情形。
从那一刻起世界改变了模样，这样说也许并不夸张。
但是，使9/11值得纪念并（用媒体喜欢的话来说）具有新闻价值的不仅仅是它的历史性和国际性。
还有震惊和恐惧。
这一消息极度震撼，极具爆炸性。
事发多年以后，许多人还能清楚地记得他们第一次听到这一消息时身在何处、当时正在做什么。
他们能记得自己的反应：对世界各地的许多人来说，他们的第一本能是去把这一消息告诉别人。
这就证实了那句老话：“坏事传千里”。
一切重大新闻都是如此。
我记得上小学的时候，老师脸色煞白地向一班吃惊的七岁孩子通报说，肯尼迪总统死了。
我并不知道肯尼迪总统是谁，但是我听到这一消息后非常不安，后来就跑回家去告诉了父母（当然，他们已经知道了）。
事实上，这是我最早的记忆之一。
那么，新闻到底是什么？一个事件光有客观重要性显然还不够——世界上有大量全球性的大问题，都会造成戏剧性的后果，从贫困问题到全球变暖问题——但由于它们都是进行中的，并不都会在同一天成为头条。
对比之下，9/11不仅具有国际性，而且奇特怪异、出人意料，还（可能使读者对身陷那场悲剧中的人们的痛苦感同身受，从这个意义上讲）极具人性。
奇特怪异并不意味着重大。
就拿今天的《中国日报》上关于一只老鼠延误了一架从越南飞至日本的航班这条消息为例吧。
在河内机场有人发现那只老鼠在一架飞机的过道里奔跑。
它最终被12名技术人员合力逮住，他们怕它会咬破电线，造成短路。
飞机晚点了四个多小时才起飞。
你也许会说，这并不是具有重大国际影响的事件（除了少数乘客到另一国赴约迟到以外）。
但是全球却颇有反响，从亚洲经苏格兰到美洲的电子版报纸都有转载（《爱丁堡晚报》的标题是《捉老鼠延误航班》）。
新闻价值的另一个元素是即时性。
这是指事件发生的时间近。
一周前发生的事件一般来说就不是新闻了——除非你刚刚读到它。
新视界大学英语综合教程第四单元课文翻译及练习答案Active Reading跨种族婚姻“路易斯安那州的一位治安法官刚刚辞职了。
此法官拒绝批准一对情侣结婚，因为女方是白人，而男方是黑人。
几个星期以来，他拒绝离开职位，但最终还是辞职了，而且并未给出原因。
路易斯安那州州长接受了他的辞职。
这位白人治安法官声称，他一直避免批准不同种族间的婚姻，原因是他认为其子女会因此受罪。
他说：‘对婚姻双方的任一种族来说，接纳这样家庭的孩子都是有难度的。
我认为这些孩子会因此受罪，我不想让这种事情发生。
’”你认为这篇报道是什么时候发表的？也许是20 世纪50 年代吧？那个时候黑白种族隔离是有法可依的。
也许是20 世纪60 年代吧？那个时候有马丁·路德·金领导的民权运动。
事实上，这篇报道发表于2009 年10 月。
这个国家是著名的“大熔炉”，有着悠久的种族冲突的历史，也有一些成功融合的例子。
这位法官今日仍然持有这种观点，我们是否应当感到耻辱？或者，他认识到了自己的错误并辞去职务，我们是否应当为此高兴？经济全球化运动使得全世界范围内商品共享、服务共享、技术共享，这促进了跨种族婚姻。
经济全球化运动同样对社会和文化产生影响，这也许会带来不同种族间的友谊、爱情和婚姻。
但是，在美国的某些地区，“一滴血原则”似乎仍然有很大的影响。
这一原则的内容是：只要你有一滴非裔的血，你就是黑人。
那么，现如今，对于跨种族婚姻双方和美国大众来说，这样的婚姻有什么样的挑战和机遇呢？在美国的某些政治和社交圈子里，人们认为跨种族婚姻只不过是为了让身为移民的一方得到绿卡，以便在此居留和工作。
也有人声称，跨种族婚姻的动机在于较穷困的一方渴望获得经济保障，尽管这意味着他们也许不得不背井离乡。
幸运的是，还有很多其他人明白人类的基本价值(如相互吸引）在跨种族婚姻中起着最重要的作用。
无论结婚的真正动机是什么，所有这些情侣都会面对不同金钱观与不同传统价值观的挑战，这些传统价值观包括对伴侣的尊重、传统的宗教观、被社区接受、男女分工以及传统的语言观等。
A Country of Immigrants一个移民国家As you walk along the street in any American city, you see many different faces. You see oriental faces, black faces, and white faces. These are the faces of the United States, a country of immigrants from all over the world. Immigrants are people who leave one country to live permanently in another country.当你沿着街道走在美国任何城市，你会看很多不同的面孔。
你会看到东方（黄种人）的面孔，黑种人的面孔和白种人的面孔。
这些是一个来自世界各地移民而来的美国的面孔。
这些移民者离开一个国家然后永久居住在另外一个国家。
The first immigrants came to North America in the 1600s from northern European countries such as England and Holland. These people generally had light skin and light hair. They came to live in North America because they wanted religious freedom. In the 1700s and early 1800s immigrants continued to move from Europe to the United States. At this time there was one group of unwilling immigrants, black Africans. These people were tricked or forced to come to the United States, where they worked on the large farms in the south. The blacks had no freedom; they were slaves. In the 1800s many Chinese and Irish immigrants came to the United States. They came because of economic or political problems in their countries. The most recent immigrants to the United States, the Indochinese, Cubans, and Central Americans also came because of economic or political problems in their own countries. Except for the blacks, most of these immigrants thought of the United States as a land of opportunity, of a chance for freedom and new lives.第一批移民者来到北美洲的北部是17世纪的北欧国家，比如英国和荷兰。
Unit 1Alone in the Arctic Cold 一个人在北极严寒一天打碎了非常寒冷和灰色,当那个人偏离主要育空试验和爬上斜坡,在那里的是一个朦胧而过去向东穿过了踪迹松林之间。
坡率陡峭,而且他停顿了一下喘不过气来保持最佳的状态。
没有太阳和缕阳光,尽管他天空无云。
这是一个晴朗的日子,但在那里似乎是一个蒙上了一层水汽表面看来,把这天黑暗。
这个事实不担心那个人。
他被用来缺乏阳光。
那人回头而且他已经来了。
育空河打下英里宽藏起来了以下3英尺的冰。
这个世界上的冰一样多英尺的积雪。
这是连续的白色的,除了一个黑暗的发际线了痕迹,向南延伸达500英里去的库特关口。
但是,整个神秘,深远的发际线跟踪,没有太阳从天空,巨大的冷的,陌生和怪异的没有什么印象all-made上了的人。
他是新来的人在这地,这是他的第一个冬天。
他的问题他是缺乏想象力。
他很快和警惕在生活的一切,但只有在去吧,而不是在意义。
意思eighty-odd零下五十度学位霜。
这样的事实了冷漠,而且不舒服,就这些。
它并不带他去思考男人的一般是脆弱,能够只活在确定的限度窄的热量和冷。
零下五度代表点冰霜伤害必须提防,利用厚,暖和的衣服。
50度以下零是他就精确50度零度以下。
应该有其他东西了可那是一个思想,从来没有进过他的头上。
当他转身要走,他吐不确定。
就有一个陡坡、易爆裂纹他的震惊。
他吐了。
又一次,空气里之前,这可能下降至雪吐口唾沫裂了。
他知道五十岁的唾沫在雪地上闪现下面,但这吐口唾沫空气中闪现了。
毫无疑问这个五十个更加寒冷below-how要冷得多了不知道。
但是温度还显得无关紧要。
他注定的老我的左边叉子汉德森的孩子们在小溪了。
他们来了在山上从印度人小河的国家,虽然他来拐弯抹角看一看的可能性走出木材来源于群岛的育空。
他要在六营地点,有点天黑之后,这是真的,但男孩们会去,火灾的去,和热晚饭将为此做好准备。
他陷入水中在大松树。
踪迹减弱了。
他很高兴他没有雪橇、旅游的光。
U11无2在佛罗伦萨这个城市里，吃的、睡的、和呼吸的都是艺术。
人类艺术天赋的典范几乎矗立在每一条街上，成打的博物馆和美工艺品店等待着您去探索。
意大利的佛罗伦萨是艺术爱好者的天堂。
在文艺复兴时期（或称艺术重生时期），佛罗伦萨对艺术家们本身就是个天堂，事实上在五百多年前，文艺复兴就在这儿发迹了。
在这之前，艺术作品完全集中在宗教主题上，而文艺复兴时期的艺术则包含更多变化的风貌，艺术家们描绘一般人物的画像，也绘画希腊罗马神话中的历史和人物。
米开朗基罗是佛罗伦萨艺术家中的佼佼者。
游客们在阿卡得米亚博物馆前大排长龙达好几个钟头之久，为了一睹他感人的大作「大卫像」的丰采，这一尊十四英尺高的雕像已经成为文艺复兴时期最完美的一尊人物塑像，「大卫像」是一种典范，表现出米开朗基罗雕塑人像简洁而有力的风格。
在维琪奥宫可以看到更多米开朗基罗的作品，这栋建筑在1299年至1322年曾是佛罗伦萨政府的所在地。
著名意大利艺术家的画作和雕刻作品，摆满了宫中的各厅室。
米开朗基罗也协助装饰其外观，他在宫墙上雕刻头像，有一个传说提到，为了跟人打赌，米开朗基罗背对着墙，两手背在后面雕刻头像。
离维琪奥宫不远的地方座落着翡冷翠教堂广场。
华丽圆顶的翡冷翠教堂，或称「神的殿堂」，花了将近150年才建造完工（1294-1436），并由当时最著名的工程师设计而成。
今日的游客仍惊叹于这个圆顶，它是教堂中最引人注目像皇冠似的一景。
时至今日，在佛罗伦萨没有任何一栋建筑高过这个圆顶的。
教堂文物博物馆耸立于附近，这栋建筑曾经是那些为此座教堂定制艺术品的人的办公室，今天它收藏了过去装饰教堂外观的雕像。
稍作散步一番走过佛罗伦萨狭窄的小巷，游客将来到著名的乌菲齐美术馆。
这栋建筑建于1560年间，当年是作为办公之用（乌菲齐在意大利语中是办公室的意思）。
今日，它则以其出色的艺术收藏而自豪，游客们一定得穿着舒适的鞋子去参观，因为要一探这个美术馆得花好几个小时的时间。
收藏中一些著名的作品包括有波提切利的「春」和「维也纳的诞生」。
Unit 1Alone in the Arctic Cold浏览次数：1374次悬赏分：50|提问时间：2008-3-15 15:03|提问者：喷火娃hoho|问题为何被关闭Day had broken exceedingly cold and gray,when the man turned aside from the main Yukon trail and climbed the slope,where a dim and little-traveled trail led eastward through the pine forest.The slope was steep,and he paused for breath at the top.There was no sun nor hint of sun,though there was not a cloud in the sky.It was a clear day,and yet there seemed to be a mist over the face of things,that made the day dark.This fact did not worry the man.He was used to the lack of sun.The man looked back along the way he had come.The Yukon River lay a mile wide and hidden under three feet of ice.On top of this ice were as many feet of snow.It was unbroken white,save for a dark hairline that was the trail that led south five hundred miles to the Chilcoot Pass.But all this----the mysterious,far-reaching hairline trail,the absence of sun from the sky,the tremendous cold,and the strangeness and weirdness of it all----made no impression on the man.He was a newcomer in the land and this was his first winter.The tuouble with him was that he was without imagination.Fifty degrees below zero meant eighty-odd degrees of frost.Such fact impressed him as being cold and uncomfortable,and that was all.It did not lead him to think about man's weakness in general,able only to live within certain narrow limits of heat and cold.Fifty degrees below zero stood for abit of frost that hurt and that must be guarded against by the use of thick,warm clothing.Fifty degrees below zero was to him just precisely fifty degrees below zero.That there should be anything more to it than that was a thought that never entered his head.As he turned to go on,he spat speculatively.There was a sharp,explosive crackle that startled him.He spat again.And again,in the air,before it could fall to the snow,the spittle crackled.He knew that at fifty below spittle crackled on the snow,but this spittle had crackled in the air.Undoubtedly it was colder than fifty below----how much colder he did not know.But the temperature did not matter.He was bound for the old mine on the left fork of Henderson Creek wher the boys were already.They had come over the hill from the Indian Creek country,while he had come the roundabout way to take a look at the possibilities of getting out logs in the spring from the islands in the Yukon.He wouldbe in to camp by six o'clock;a bit after dark,it was ture,but the boys would be there,a fire would be going,and a hot supper would be ready.He plunged in among the big pine trees.The trail was faint.He was glad he was without a sled,traveling light.In fact,he carried nothing but the lunch wrapped in the handkerchief.He was surprised,however,at the cold.It certainly was cold,he concluded,as he rubbed his numb nose and cheekbones with his gloved hand.一天打破了极其寒冷和灰色的，当男子出现，除了主要为Yukon的线索，以及爬上坡，那里暗淡和鲜为人知走过的古道主导向东透过松树forest.the坡度陡，他暂停呼吸，在top.there 没有太阳，也没有暗示的太阳，虽然现在还没有云在sky.it是一个晴朗的天气，然而，似乎有一种薄雾超过面对的东西，这使得每天dark.this其实没有不要担心man.he被用来缺乏阳光。
第三单元（1）切断网络：没有手机，我们能活下去吗？在他下榻的位于曼哈顿的一家饭店里，拉塞尔·克劳由于将饭店的一部电话机砸向总台的服务生而被捕。
据说是因为他没法接通澳大利亚的电话。
他这是怎么了？他的手机出了什么问题？在过去的15年里，手机已成为改变英国人日常行为方式的最主要的因素。
据估计，目前英国手机用户已超过5,500万，而在1997年还不足1,000万。
手机变得越小，电话就打得越多，而我们也越来越迅速地做出对我们的生活方式造成影响的决定。
与此同时，世界也变得越来越小了。
过去，在著名的旅游胜地人们相互拍照留念，而现在，大家几乎都忍不住给家里的亲朋好友打电话。
现在有消息说，伦敦的手机信号覆盖范围将拓展延伸。
以后，在伦敦的每一个角落都有手机信号，就连地铁也不例外。
那么如果没有手机，我们能活下去吗？我们请三个人关机三天，看看他们对手机的依赖程度有多大。
商人白天，我很多时候都在用手机，也发很多短信。
晚上和周末，朋友都打我的手机，所以我几乎不用家里的座机。
由于我在办公室工作，有时候也有人把电话打到我办公室的座机上。
但这些人我不一定认识，因为我通常是一认识某个人，就把手机号码告诉他。
关机的第一天晚上，我本来是要和几个朋友在俱乐部里聚会的。
可我迟到了，还没法打电话告诉他们。
等我到那儿时，他们已经离开了。
上班的时候，大家都焦急地打我的手机，结果都因为我三天不给他们回电话而感到十分恼火。
可三天后，不管说什么都已经太迟了。
没有手机，生活中的一切好像都慢了下来，还有一点单调乏味。
现在大家不到最后一分钟是不会做打算的，因为到时候互相打个电话就行了。
所以，在我关机的三天里，我实际上没有什么社交生活。
但是，从好的方面说，我很少会因一时冲动去做让我事后懊悔的事情。
没有手机留给我更多的思考时间。
所以，我能完全不用手机吗？当然可以，只是我不愿意那样做而已。
女学生当我同意不用手机时，我并没有做好思想准备。
当时正在放假，电脑又用不了，我根本无法和朋友们取得联系。
成长的烦恼我想这不是苏格兰节。
我们不知道发生了什么，或者如果皮蓬只是感觉他的年龄。
毕竟，如何发展是一个四岁应有的行为吗？但要真正了解发生了什么，让我们从头开始。
玛丽和我已经邀请了我的侄子，皮蓬，在他星期日的晚餐。
我们一直期待有他因为他是个整洁的小男孩。
在这个特别的夜晚，他照常准时到达。
然而，而不是拥抱和亲吻，皮蓬刚刚推过去我们奔向沙发。
我再看一次确认这是正确的小男孩。
当我们等待烤chicken-scottie的favorite-to完成烹饪，我们坐在沙发上聊天。
在中东的一个句子，皮蓬突然说，“嘿，阿诺德叔叔，我想玩我的记录。
”谈话停了下来。
一分钟后，球员的纪录是在尽可能用“迪斯科”。
皮蓬是唱歌和跳舞，在房间的中间。
玛丽和我说话，但我不能听到她说。
我很困惑，我让这个问题只有通过轻微的评论。
不久，晚餐服务。
我们坐下来，点着蜡烛，开始吃。
苏格兰通常会是第一个开始吃，但今晚他只是坐在那里盯着我。
”你不饿吗。
我问。
”是的，”斯科特。
”然后你不去吃？”不，我不能，”他回答。
”这是你最喜欢的晚餐，说：“我的妻子。
”我不想吃，”斯科特。
不重视他的奇怪行为的时候，我说，“好的，如果你不想吃饭，你没有吃。
你可以坐，让我们公司直到我们完成我们的美味佳肴。
”我们继续我们的晚餐，皮蓬的脸看起来很困惑，不确定的。
宴会结束后，我们开始收拾盘子，离开斯考蒂坐在那里，看着他的脸上失望的。
当我把菜含有烤牛肉，他实在忍受不。
他站起来，把他的整个表餐巾。
不幸的是，它击中一个蜡烛着火了。
我不知道是谁喊的声音，自己或斯科特。
我们都站在那里，害怕的表情在脸上。
我把餐巾放出来。
斯考蒂开始哭泣。
”我很抱歉，”他说。
”我只是想成为丹尼斯。
我的老师给我们读了书中关于丹尼斯的威胁，我们认为所有的事情他很有趣。
但他们不是有趣当我做。
我不想成为丹尼斯的任何更多。
”我们很高兴他不是丹尼斯，只是我们的小朋友。
工作时你成长厨房manager-joe我一直在一家咖啡馆叫太平洋甜点两年。
Unit 4 Fresh StartIn-Class Reading Fresh Start新的开端1当我父母开车离去，留下我可怜巴巴地站在停车场上时，我开始寻思我在校园里该做什么。
我决定我最想做的就是平安无事地回到宿舍。
我感到似乎校园里的每个人都在看着我。
我打定主意：竖起耳朵，闭上嘴巴，但愿别人不知道我是新生。
2第二天早上我找到了上第一堂课的教室，大步走了进去。
然而，进了教室，我又碰到了一个难题。
坐哪儿呢？犹豫再三，我挑了第一排边上的一个座位。
3“欢迎你们来听生物101 课，”教授开始上课。
天哪，我还以为这里是文学课呢！我的脖子后面直冒冷汗，摸出课程表核对了一下教室——我走对了教室，却走错了教学楼。
4怎么办？上课途中就站起来走出去？教授会不会生气？大家肯定会盯着我看。
算了吧。
我还是稳坐在座位上，尽量使自己看起来和生物专业的学生一样认真。
5下了课我觉得有点饿，便赶忙去自助食堂。
我往托盘里放了些三明治就朝座位走去，就在这时，我无意中踩到了一大滩番茄酱。
手中的托盘倾斜了，我失去了平衡。
就在我屁股着地的刹那间，我看见自己整个人生在眼前一闪而过，然后终止在大学上课的第一天。
6摔倒后的几秒钟里，我想要是没有人看见我刚才的窘相该有多好啊。
但是，食堂里所有的学生都站了起来，鼓掌欢呼，我知道他们不仅看见了刚才的情景，而且下决心要我永远都不会忘掉这一幕。
7接下来的三天里，我独自品尝羞辱，用以果腹的也只是些从宿舍外的售货机上买来的垃圾食品。
到了第四天，我感到自己极需补充一些真正意义上的食物。
也许三天时间已经足以让校园里的人把我忘在脑后了。
于是我去了食堂。
8我好不容易排队取了食物，踮脚走到一张桌子前坐下。
突然我听到一阵熟悉的“哗啦”跌倒声。
抬头看见一个可怜的家伙遭遇了和我一样的命运。
当人们开始像对待我那样鼓掌欢呼的时候，我对他满怀同情。
他站起身，咧嘴大笑，双手紧握高举在头顶上，做出胜利的姿势。
我料想他会像我一样溜出食堂，可他却转身重新盛一盘食物。
Unit 4学习单元四中有关The Suburban Century郊外的世纪The United States is a nation of suburbs. The 1990 census makes it official. Nearly half the美国是一个年轻的国家的郊区。
一九九○年的人口普查使它的官员。
近一半的country 's population now lives in suburbs, up from a quarter in 1950 and a third in 1960.国家的人口现在住在郊区的四分之一,而在1950年,三分之一在1960年创立的。
The third century of American history is shaping up as the suburban century. Until 1920 most第三世纪的美国历史是塑造成郊区的世纪。
直到1920年最Americans lived in rural areas. By 1960 the country was a third urban, a third rural, and a美国人都生活在乡下。
1960年第三个国家的城市,三分之一的农村,third suburban. That balance didn't last long, however. By 1990 the urban population had第三郊区。
这种平衡没有延续很久,不过了。
到1990年城市人口slipped to 31 percent and the rural population was down to less than a quarter. We are now a滑落至31%和农村人口是到不到一刻钟。
目前我们为suburban nation with an urban fringe and a rural fringe.郊区市镇边缘的国家与乡村刘海。
新视野大学英语1快速阅读4、5单元翻译分析解析Unit42、Dolly Parton多莉。
帕顿Dolly Parton was the fourth of twelve children. She was born in a small house near the Little Pigeon River near the tiny town of Locust Ridge, Tennessee. Dolly Rebecca Parton came into the world on January 19th, 1946, and because her family was very poor, the doctor who delivered her, Robert F. Thomas, was paid with a sack of corn. Of course, the doctor did not know that Dolly would write a song about him, or that she would become not only a beautiful woman, a multimillionaire, and a Hollywood star, but perhaps the most famous female country singer of all time.多莉。
帕顿的第四个十二个孩子。
她出生在一个小房子附近的小镇附近的小鸽子河蝗虫岭,田纳西州。
多莉丽贝卡·帕顿走进世界在1月19日,1946年,由于她的家庭很穷,医生给她,罗伯特·f·托马斯,支付了一袋玉米。
当然,医生不知道多莉会对他写一首歌,或者,她不仅会成为一个美丽的女人,一个千万富翁,和好莱坞明星,但也许最著名的女性的乡村歌手。
How did Dolly get from Locust Ridge to Hollywood? It was a result of her natural ability and strong determination. A family member remembers "she began singing just about the same time she began talking". She made her first guitar from an old mandolin and two extra guitar strings. Even before she went to school, Dolly made up songs and stories and asked her mother to write them down so she could remember them.多莉怎么从蝗虫岭到好莱坞?这是由于她的天生的能力和强大的决心。
Unit 41.Directions: Read the following passages, and then select the best choice for each ofthe questions or incomplete statements.Passage 1There are stock markets in large cities in many countries. Stock markets in Paris, London, Tokyo, Shanghai and New York are among the largest and most well-known. The stock market, also called stock exchange, is a place where people can buy or sell the shares of a factory of company. And each share means part ownership of a factory or company.Different people go to the stock markets. Some are rich, who want to get more money than they have. Others are not very rich, who buy stocks to try to become rich. Still others buy stocks as part of their plan to save money.Of course, investing （投资）money in the stock market is not the safest way to make money. No one can tell exactly whether the shares will be doing well. The factory or company may do badly. Then the stocks will go down, and the investors will lose money. The stock may go up or down for a number of untold reasons. Everyone wants the stock to go up, but sometimes even if a factory or company does a good job, the stock may still go down.No wonder going to the stock market is often compared to gambling (赌博). All are eager to make money by “gambling” in the stock market. Factories and companies that need money are pleased that so many people are willing to “gamble.” Indeed, the stock market is an attractive and complex part of the business world.(Words: 244)1. The following people go to the stock market EXPCEPT those whoA) want to become richerB) want to get rid of povertyC) want to save moneyD) want to find jobs2. Which of the following statements is true?A) A good investor can affect the change in stock prices.B) A good investor can tell exactly when the stock goes up or down.C) A good investor will sometimes lose money.D) A good investor knows how to choose a company which does a good job.3. In the passage the writer .A) encourage people to go to the stock marketB) assures people that buying stock is a good investmentC) warns people to be careful in buying stocksD) explains how stock goes up when factories or companies run well4. The word “ complex” in the last sentence probably means .A) completeB) strangeC) difficultD) modern5. The passage mainly tells us aboutA) the ABCs of stock marketsB) gambling in stock marketsC) how to make money in stock marketsD) how to buy or sell shares in stock marketsPassage 2She is widely seen as proof that good looks can last forever. But, at nearly 500 years of age, time is catching up with the Mona Lisa.The health of the famous picture, painted by Leonardo da Vinci in 1505, is getting worse by the year, according to the Louvre Museum where it is housed.“The thin, wooden pan el on which the Mona Lisa is painted in oil has changed shape since experts checked it two years ago.” The museum said. Visitors have noticed changes but repairing the world’s most famous painting is not easy. Experts are not sure about the materials the Italian artist used and their present chemical state.Nearly six million people go to see the Mona Lisa every year, many attracted by the mystery of her smile. “It is very interesting that when you’re not looking at her, she seems to be smiling, and then yo u look at her and she stops,” said Professor Margaret Livingstone of Harvard University. “It’s because direct vision （视觉）is excellent at picking up detail, but less suited to looking at shadows. Da Vinci painted the smile in shadows.”Da Vinci himself loved it so much that he always carried it with him, until it was eventually sold to France’s King Francis I in 1519.During World War II, French hid the painting in small towns to keep it out of the hands of German forces.Like many old ladies, the Mona Lisa has some interesting stories to tell.(Words: 247)1.In the first paragraph, “catching up with” meansA)coming up with behindB)having effect onC)making up forD)getting along with2.It is difficult to repair this painting due to itsA)painting materialsB)wooden panelC)long historyD)good name3.Mona Lisa is smiling you lookA)at herB)from the corners of your eyesC)into the shadowsD)for details4.Para. 4 is mainly aboutA)the history of the Mona LisaB)the condition of the Mona LisaC)the secret of Mona Lisa’s smileD)the secret of Mona Lisa’s beauty5.During World War II the famous painting was inA)ItalyB)FranceC)BritainD)GermanyII. Directions:Read the following passages, and then fill in the blanks with the missing information.Passage 3Body language is one of the best ways to find out what is really going on inside someone’s head.A small movement of the mouth or nose, or a wink of the eye—these actions can say much more about a person’s feeling than anything they say to you.But you need to be very experienced to fully understand what you see. Here are some basic movements made by Westerners and explanations of what they mean to get you started.Pat （轻拍）/rub(摩擦)one’s stomach. If someone rubs his or her stomach, he is not feeling sick. It is the opposite—he is hungry.Shrug（耸）one’s shoulders. This means “I don’t know” or “I am not bothered.” If your friend shrugs his or her shoulders when invited to a party, it shows he or she is not very interested in going along to it.Keep one’s fingers crossed. It is a gesture to wish for good luck. Before people take exams, they often cross their fingers in the hope of getting good grades. Football fans do the same thing when their favorite team gets an advantage from a penalty(点球)—they wish the players will score a goal.Rub one’s chin. If someone rubs his or her chin, it often means he or she doesn’t believe what someone else is saying! So if your friend makes this gesture, it secretly tells you what he or she feels.Scratch (挠)one’s head. If your foreign English teacher scratches his or her head when you ask a question, then he or she is confused and might not have understood what you have said. Either that, or he or she can’t remember your name!(Words: 277)1. We can know more about a person’s feelings by .2. When a Westerner rubs his or her stomach, it means .3. When taking exams, Westerners may cross their fingers to .4. If your friends rub their chin, it may mean that .5. “To scratch one’s head” suggests the person doesn’t understand your words or.Passage 4If you have a chance to go to Finland, you will probably be surprised to find how “foolish” the Finnish people are.Take the taxi drivers for example. Taxis in Finland are mostly high-class Benz with a fare of two US dollars a kilometer. You can go anywhere in one, tell the driver to drop you at any place, say that you have some business to attend to, and then stalk off without paying your fare. And the driver would not show the least sign of anxiety.The dinning rooms in all big hotels not only serve their guest, but also cater to outside diners. Hotel guests have their meals free, so they naturally go to the free dining rooms to have their meals. The most they would do to show their good faith is to wave their registration card to the waiter. With such a loose check, you can easily use any old registration card to take a couple of friends to wine and dine free of charge.The Finnish workers are paid by the hour. They are very much on their own as soon as they have agreed with the boss on the rate. From then on they just say how many hours they have worked and they will be paid accordingly.With so many loopholes(漏洞) in everyday life, surely Finland must be a heaven to those who love to take “petty advantages.” But the strange thing is, all the taxi passengers would invariably come back to pay their fare after they have attended their business; not a single outsider has ever been found in the free hotel dining rooms. And workers always give an honest account of the exact hours they put in. as the Finns always act on good faith in everything they do, so to live in such a society has turned ev eryone into real “gentlemen”.(Words: 311)1. While taking a taxi in Finland, you can get off without first .2. In a big hotel in Finland, you can enjoy free meals if.3. We know from the passage that big hotels in Finland.4. Workers in Finland just need to tell their employersto get their pay.5. The passage leads us to believing that Finland is a society of.III. Directions: Read the following passages, and then decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F)Passage 5“Fire! Fire!” What terrible words to hear when one wakes up in a strange house in the middle of the night! It was a large, old, wooden house and my room was on the top floor. I jumped out of bed, opened the door and stepped out into the passage. It was full of thick smoke.I began to run. But as I was still only half-awake, instead of going towards the stairs I went in the opposite direction. The smoke grew thicker and I could see fire all around.I found an open door and ran into a room to get to the window. But before I could reach it, one of my feet was caught in something soft and I fell down. The thing I had fallen over felt like a bundle of clothes, and I picked it up to protect my face from the smoke and heat. Just then the floor gave way under me and I fell to the floor below with pieces of burning wood all around me.I saw a flaming doorway in front, and I put the bundle over my face and ran. My feet were burning terribly, but I got through. As I reached the cold air outside, my bundle of clothes gave a thin cry. I nearly dropped it in surprise. Then is saw a crowd gathered in the street. A woman in a night-dress and a borrowed man’s coat screamed as she saw me and came running madly.“My baby! My baby!” she cried. The crowed cheered wildly as she took the smoke-blackened bundle out of my arms. I had saved her baby. I was a hero!(Words: 277)( ) 1. I was on the top floor of a small house when the fire broke out.( ) 2. The thick smoke made me run in the wrong direction.( ) 3. I fell to the floor below because the floor under me was burned.( ) 4. I was trying to save myself but I actually also saved my next door ne ighbor’s baby.( ) 5. It can be learned from the passage that I became a hero by chance.Passage 6It seems you always forget—your reading glasses when you are rushing to work, your coat when you are going to the cleaners, your credit card when you are shopping. Such absent-mindedness may be frustrating to you. Now British and German scientists are developing memory glasses that record everything the user sees. The glasses can play back memories later to help the wearer remember things they have forgotten such as where they left their keys. And the glasses also allow the user to “label(贴标签于，标注)” items so information can be used later on.The wearer could walk around an office or a factory identifying certain items by pointing at them. Objects indicated( 指出)are then given a blank label on a screen inside the glasses that the user then fills in.It could be used in industrial plants by mechanics looking to identify machine parts or by electricians writing a complicated device. A spokesman for the project said: “A car mechanic, for example, could find at a glance where a part on a certain car model is wrong so that it can be identified and repaired.” For the motorist, the system can highlight(使显著)dangers on the road.In other cases, the glasses can be worn by people going on a guided tour, indicating points of interest; or they can be worn by people looking at panoramas where all the sites can be identified.(Words: 231) ( ) 1. An absent-minded person is easy to forget.( ) 2. Memory glasses can remind users of what they have forgotten.( ) 3. If you are wearing the memory glasses, it means you have a bad memory. ( ) 4. Para. 4 talks about the problem-finding use of memory glasses.( ) 5. By wearing memory glasses, people will find places of interest more easily.KeyUnit 4Passage 1D C C C A Passage 2B A BC B Passage 31. observing his or her body language2. he or she is hungry3. wish for good grades4. they doubt what you are saying5. has forgotten your namePassage 41.paying your fare2.you are living in the hotel3.provide meals to any diners4.how many hours they have worked5.high moral levelPassage 5F F T F T Passage 6F T F T T。
Unit 1 The Evolution of Transport交通工具的演化The evolution of transport has been closely linked to the development of humankind throughout the earth’s history．Transport’s early function was to meet the basic need of hauling food supplies and building materials．But with the formation of tribes，then peoples，and finally nations，the societal and economic functions of transport became more and more complex. At first there was mobility required for individuals，clans，households，and animals to protect them against，and to escape from，the dangers of natural disasters and tribal aggressions，and in the search for the best places to settle．As tribal groups formed and gradually established their geographical identity，transport was increasingly needed to open up regions for development，to provide access to natural resources，to promote intercommunal trade，and to mobilize territorial defense．When the first nations came into being，transport played a major role in establishing national integrity．交通工具的演变紧密相连的人类在整个地球的历史发展。
A Country of Immigrants一个移民国家
As you walk along the street in any American city, you see many different faces. You see oriental faces, black faces, and white faces. These are the faces of the United States, a country of immigrants from all over the world. Immigrants are people who leave one country to live permanently in another country.
当你沿着街道走在美国任何城市，你会看很多不同的面孔。
你会看到东方（黄种人）的面孔，黑种人的面孔和白种人的面孔。
这些是一个来自世界各地移民而来的美国的面孔。
这些移民者离开一个国家然后永久居住在另外一个国家。
The first immigrants came to North America in the 1600s from northern European countries such as England and Holland. These people generally had light skin and light hair. They came to live in North America because they wanted religious freedom. In the 1700s and early 1800s immigrants continued to move from Europe to the United States. At this time there was one group of unwilling immigrants, black Africans. These people were tricked or forced to come to the United States, where they worked on the large farms in the south. The blacks had no freedom; they were slaves. In the 1800s many Chinese and Irish immigrants came to the United States. They came because of economic or political problems in their countries. The most recent immigrants to the United States, the Indochinese, Cubans, and Central Americans also came because of economic or political problems in their own countries. Except for the blacks, most of these immigrants thought of the United States as a land of opportunity, of a chance for freedom and new lives.
第一批移民者来到北美洲的北部是17世纪的北欧国家，比如英国和荷兰。
这些人们通常有白皙的皮肤和光亮的头发。
他们之所以住在北美洲，是因为他们寻求宗教自由。
18世纪和19世纪早期的移民者，不断从欧洲移民到美国。
在这时，有一组不情愿的移民者就是来自非洲的黑人。
这些人是被欺骗或被强迫来到美国南方大型农场上工作。
这些黑人们没有自由，他们只是奴隶。
在19世纪，很多中国和爱尔兰移民者来到美国。
他们到美国是由于自己国家的经济和政治问题。
这些许多最近的移民者到美国，例如印度支那，古巴人和中美洲人也移民美国是因为在他们自己的国家有经济和政治的问题。
除了黑人，这些大部分移民者认为美国是一个充满自由和能够过上新生活机会的大陆。
In the United States, these immigrants looked for help from other immigrants who shared the same background, language, and religion. Therefore, there are neighborhoods in each U.S. city made up almost entirely of one ethnic or racial group. There are all Italian, all Puerto Rican, or all Irish neighborhoods in many East Coast cities and all Mexican neighborhoods in the Southwest.
在美国,这些移民者从有着共同的背景、语言、宗教的移民者寻求帮助。
因此，在每一个美国城市地区几乎全部都一个民族或种族。
有来自意大利的人，
有多黎各人，或者所有爱尔兰人的在西南地区的许多东海岸城市和整个墨西哥的所有邻居。
In Dearborn, Michigan, there is a large group of Lebanese. There are racial neighborhoods such as oriental Chinatown in San Francisco and black Harlem in New York. There are also neighborhoods with a strong religious feeling such as a Jewish part of Brooklyn in New York. And, of course, there are economic neighborhood divisions; in American cities very often poor people do not live in the same neighborhoods as rich people.
在密西根州的迪尔伯恩城市中，有一大群黎巴嫩人居住。
有其他民族居住比如在旧金山的东方唐人街和在纽约的黑人哈莱姆区。
也有一些强烈的宗教感觉的地区名族如犹太人在纽约布鲁克林的一部分。
当然，也有经济地区划分，在美国城市，通常穷人不会和一个富有的人住在同一个街区。
This wide variety of neighborhoods in the cities is a reflection of the different groups in American society. American society is a mixture of racial, language, cultural, religious, and economic groups. People sometimes call America a melting pot and compare its society to a soup with many different ingredients. The ingredients (different races, cultures, religions, and economic groups) supposedly mix together to make a smooth soup. But, in reality, there are a few lumps left in the soup.
这个民族在城市里的多种多样是不同群体在美国社会的一种反映。
美国社会是一种多种族、多语言、多文化、多宗教、多种经济的混合体。
有时人们把美国叫做一个大熔炉和把美国的社会比作一碗加了不同材料的汤。
这些材料(不同种族、文化、宗教、经济的团体)可以混合在一起的融入成一碗平滑的汤。
但是，在现实中，有几块会留在汤里。
