最新高等数学1试题(附答案解析)

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一、填空题(共6小题,每小题3分,共18分)1. 由曲线2cos r θ=所围成的图形的面积是π。

2. 设由方程22x y =所确定的隐函数为)(x y y =,则2y dy dx x=-。

3. 函数2sin y x =的带佩亚诺余项的四阶麦克劳林公式为2441()3x x o x -+。

4.11dx =⎰。

5. 函数x x y cos 2+=在区间⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡20π,上的最大值为6π+。

6. 222222lim 12n nn n n n n n →∞⎛⎫+++⎪+++⎝⎭=4π。

二、选择题(共7小题,每小题3分,共21分)1. 设21cos sin ,0()1,0x x x f x x x x ⎧+<⎪=⎨⎪+≥⎩,则0x =是()f x 的 D 。

A .可去间断点 B .跳跃间断点 C .振荡间断点 D .连续点2. 设()232x x f x =+-,则当0x →时,下列结论正确的是 B 。

A .是等价无穷小与x x f )(B .同阶但非等价无穷小与x x f )(C .高阶的无穷小是比x x f )(D .低阶的无穷小是比x x f )(3.1+∞=⎰C 。

A .不存在B .0C .2πD .π4. 设()f x 具有二阶连续导数,且(0)0f '=,0lim ()1x f x →''=-,则下列叙述正确的是 A 。

A .(0)f 是()f x 的极大值B .(0)f 是()f x 的极小值C .(0)f 不是()f x 的极值D .(0)f 是()f x 的最小值5.曲线2xy d t π-=⎰的全长为 D 。

A .1B .2C .3D .46. 当,a b 为何值时,点( 1, 3 )为曲线32y ax bx =+的拐点? A 。

A .32a =-,92b = B. 32a =,92b =- C .32a =-,92b =- D. 32a =,92b = 7. 曲线2xy x -=⋅的凸区间为 D 。

A.2(,)ln 2-∞- B.2(,)ln 2-+∞ C.2(,)ln 2+∞ D.2(,)ln 2-∞三、计算题(共7小题,其中第1~5题每小题6分,第6~7题每小题8分,共46分)1. 21lim cos x x x →∞⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭ 解:()21cos lim ,1t t t xt →==原式令)00(cos ln lim20型tt t e →= (3分)tt t t e cos 2sin lim⋅-→=12e-= (6分)2. 222,arctan )1ln()(dx yd tt y t x x y y 求确定所由参数方程设函数⎩⎨⎧-=+==。

解:)]1[ln()arctan (2t d t t d dx dy +-=2212111t t t ++-=2t =, (3分) 22dx y d dx dx dy d ⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛=dtdx dt t d 1)2(⋅=212121t t +⋅=tt 412+=. (6分)3. 2(1)xx xe dx e +⎰. 解:=原式1()1x x d e -+⎰ (2分) =111x x x dx e e -+++⎰ =11()11x x x x x de e e e -+-++⎰ =ln 11xx x x e C e e -++++ (6分)4.求⎰(0)t t =≥,则22x t dx tdt ==, (2分)2422200002201222(1)1112[ln 1]2ln32t t tdt dt t dt t t t t t t ===-++++=-++=⎰⎰⎰⎰ (6分)5. 设曲线()n f x x =在(1, 1) 处的切线与x 轴的交点为(,0)n x ,求n n n x )(lim ∞→。

解:11(1)n x f nx n -='==,所以()f x 在点(1,1)处的切线方程为:(1)1y n x =-+ ……..(*)(2)分由题意知切线(*)与x 轴的交点为(,0)n x ,即n x x n nn 111)1(0-=⇒+-= (5)分 从而可得:n n n n n nx )11(lim )(lim -=∞→∞→=1-e . (6)分6. 设连续函数)(x f 满足x x f x f 2sin )()(=-+,求积分222()sin I f x x dx ππ-=⎰.解:方程两端同乘2sin x 并从2π-积分到2π,得: 222222222444()sin ()sin sin 2sin 2(*)f x xdx f x xdxxdx xdx I πππππππ---+-===⎰⎰⎰⎰ )3(分222()sin f x xdx t xππ--=-⎰又令222222()sin ()()()sin f t t dt f t tdt ππππ----=⎰⎰(5分)由(*)得:22241()sin 22I f x xdx I ππ-==⨯⎰13122422π=⨯⨯⨯⨯316π=. (8)分7. 设()f x 连续,1()()F x f t x dt =⎰,且0()limx f x A x→=(A 为常数),求()dF x x 。

解:由A xx f x =→)(lim0 知:(0)0f =。

u t x =令,⎩⎨⎧→→xu t 0:10:则,x du dt xdt du =⇒= ⎰⎰⇒=xxdu u f dt tx f x F 01)()()(于是)0()(1≠=⎰x du u f x x可见:⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=≠=⎰0,00,)(1)(0x x du u f x x F x(4)分时当0≠x ,22)()()(1)(1)(xdu u f x xf x f x du u f xx F xx ⎰⎰-=+-='; )6(分 时当0=x ,0()(0)(0)lim x F x F F x∆→∆-'=∆2001()0lim ()lim()()1lim ,22x x x x x f u du xxf u dux f x A x ∆∆→∆∆→∆→-∆=∆=∆∆==∆⎰⎰所以:02()(),0(),02x xf x f u dux x F x Ax ⎧-⎪≠⎪'=⎨⎪=⎪⎩⎰. )8(分四、应用题(共1小题,每小题9分,共9分)设直线y a x =)10(<<a 与抛物线2x y =所围成的图形为1D ,它们与直线1=x 所围成的图形为2D ,若1D 、2D 同时绕x 轴旋转一周得到一旋转体,试确定a 的值,使该旋转体的体积最小.解:∵ ⎩⎨⎧≤≤≤≤axy x ax 20:1D , ⎩⎨⎧≤≤≤≤21:x y ax x a 2D []⎰-=a dx x ax 0222)()(π1V ()⎰-=adx x x a 0422π[]⎰-=1222)()(adx ax x π2V ()⎰-=1224adx x a x π∴ ()()⎰⎰-+-=+=1224422aa dx x a xdx x x aa ππ21)(V V V132505323553aax a x x x a ⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-+⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-=ππ 5315425πππ+-=a a ……………..(5)分由da a )(dV a a 32344ππ-=,令0a da=dV ()得:321=a . ………….(7)分又由2a a da 2d V ()3162161260333233a a πππππ⎛⎫=-=⋅-=> ⎪⎝⎭ 可见: 当321=a 时, 该旋转体的体积最小. ………………..(9)分五、证明题(共1小题,每小题6分,共6分)设函数)(x f 在[]b a ,上连续,在()b a ,内可导,且()0f x '≠,试证存在),(,b a ∈ηξ,使得()()b af e e e f b aηξη-'-=⋅'-证明:设()xg x e =,则()()()()()()f b f a f g b g a g ηη'-='-,即()()()b a f b f a f e e eηη'-=-. ………………..(3分)又因为存在(,)a b ξ∈,使得()()()(),f b f a b a f ξ'-=- ……………………..(4分)所以()()()b ab a f f e e eηξη''-=-,即结论成立. ………………..(6分) 英语完形填空20篇(附带答案解析)1Several years ago I studied in a university in the biggest city in our country. It’s beautiful butit’s hot in __1__. So I usually returned to my hometown when my __2__ began. It is not big, but i t’s cool and quiet. I could __3__ in the daytime and have a good sleep at night.One day I had some __4__ to solve. But I didn’t take the dictionaries home. My father told me Charlie, one of my __5__, had a good library. I went to his house at once. We did n’t see eachother after I __6__ middle school. At first he didn’t recognize me. He __7__ me up and down. And then he called out, “Oh, dear! It’s you, Fred!”Of course we were __8__ to meet each other again and talked a lot about our schoolmates and __9__. Later on he showed me around his library. It wasn’t big but there were a lot of nice books in it. And the dictionaries I __10__ were in them too. At last I said, “__11__ you lend some dictionaries to me, please?”“I’m sorry I don’t lend any books to __12__,” said the young man.“Are you afraid I’ll __13__ them?”“No, I’m not. I’m afraid you won’t __14__ them to me. Look! All the books are not __15__, but borrowed!”1. A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. winter2. A. birthday B. Saturday C. Sunday D. holiday3. A. study B. play C. rest D. run4. A. words B. sentences C. problems D. stories5. A. brothers B. sisters C. aunts D. classmates6. A. finished B. heard C. saw D. met7. A. lifted B. carried C. looked D. pulled8. A. angry B. happy C. worried D. sad9. A. doctors B. teachers C. workers D. drivers10.A. looked for B. read C. wrote D. looked at11.A. Need B. Must C. May D. Can12.A. other B. the other C. others D. another13.A. lose B. sell C. throw D. know14.A. pay B. return C. use D. look after15.A. made B. picked C. won D. bought名师点评这篇短文主要讲了Charlie家里有许多藏书,却没有一本是自己买的,所以他从不借书给别人,因为他怕别人都和他一样。